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Almeida-Nunes DL, Nunes M, Osório H, Ferreira V, Lobo C, Monteiro P, Abreu MH, Bartosch C, Silvestre R, Dinis-Oliveira RJ, Ricardo S. Ovarian cancer ascites proteomic profile reflects metabolic changes during disease progression. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 39:101755. [PMID: 38974022 PMCID: PMC11225207 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) patients develop ascites, an accumulation of ascitic fluid in the peritoneal cavity anda sign of tumour dissemination within the peritoneal cavity. This body fluid is under-researched, mainly regarding the ascites formed during tumour progression that have no diagnostic value and, therefore, are discarded. We performed a discovery proteomics study to identify new biomarkers in the ascites supernatant of OC patients. In this preliminary study, we analyzed a small amount of OC ascites to highlight the importance of not discarding such biological material during treatment, which could be valuable for OC management. Our findings reveal that OC malignant ascitic fluid (MAF) displays a proliferative environment that promotes the growth of OC cells that shift the metabolic pathway using alternative sources of nutrients, such as the cholesterol pathway. Also, OC ascites drained from patients during treatment showed an immunosuppressive environment, with up-regulation of proteins from the signaling pathways of IL-4 and IL-13 and down-regulation from the MHC-II. This preliminary study pinpointed a new protein (Transmembrane Protein 132A) in the OC context that deserves to be better explored in a more extensive cohort of patients' samples. The proteomic profile of MAF from OC patients provides a unique insight into the metabolic kinetics of cancer cells during disease progression, and this information can be used to develop more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Luísa Almeida-Nunes
- Differentiation and Cancer Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) of the University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory I4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences—CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Toxicologic Pathology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Mariana Nunes
- Differentiation and Cancer Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) of the University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory I4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences—CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Toxicologic Pathology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Osório
- Proteomics Scientific Platform, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) of the University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine from University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Verónica Ferreira
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Lobo
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Monteiro
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Henriques Abreu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (PCCC), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Bartosch
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (PCCC), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPO-Porto) / Health Research Network (RISE@CI-IPO-Porto), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Silvestre
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine from University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
- Associate Laboratory I4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences—CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO - Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- FOREN – Forensic Science Experts, Dr. Mário Moutinho Avenue, No. 33-A, 1400-136, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Ricardo
- Differentiation and Cancer Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) of the University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory I4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences—CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Toxicologic Pathology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
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Wang J, Qiao L, Zhu G, Sun Q, Xie Y, Wang M, Xu Y, Li C. Biodegradable pyroptosis inducer with multienzyme-mimic activity kicks up reactive oxygen species storm for sensitizing immunotherapy. J Control Release 2024; 370:438-452. [PMID: 38701885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Triggering pyroptosis is a major new weathervane for activating tumor immune response. However, biodegradable pyroptosis inducers for the safe and efficient treatment of tumors are still scarce. Herein, a novel tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive activation nanoneedle for pyroptosis induction, copper-tannic acid (CuTA), was synthesized and combined with the sonosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) to form a pyroptosis amplifier (CuTA-Ce6) for dual activation and amplification of pyroptosis by exogenous ultrasound (US) and TME. It was demonstrated that Ce6-triggered sonodynamic therapy (SDT) further enhanced the cellular pyroptosis caused by CuTA, activating the body to develop a powerful anti-tumor immune response. Concretely, CuTA nanoneedles with quadruple mimetic enzyme activity could be activated to an "active" state in the TME, destroying the antioxidant defense system of the tumor cells through self-destructive degradation, breaking the "immunosilent" TME, and thus realizing the pyroptosis-mediated immunotherapy with fewer systemic side effects. Considering the outstanding oxygen-producing capacity of CuTA and the distinctive advantages of US, the sonosensitizer Ce6 was attached to CuTA via an amide reaction, which further amplified the pyroptosis and sensitized pyroptosis-induced immunotherapy with the two-pronged strategy of CuTA enzyme-catalyzed cascade and US-driven SDT pathway to generate a "reactive oxygen species (ROS) storm". Conclusively, this work provided a representative paradigm for achieving safe, reliable and efficient pyroptosis, which was further enhanced by SDT for more robust immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Wang
- Institute of Frontier Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Luying Qiao
- Institute of Frontier Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Guoqing Zhu
- Institute of Frontier Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Qianqian Sun
- Institute of Frontier Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China.
| | - Yulin Xie
- Institute of Frontier Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Man Wang
- Institute of Frontier Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Yaqi Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, PR China.
| | - Chunxia Li
- Institute of Frontier Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China.
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3
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Yeh WC, Tu YC, Chien TC, Hsu PL, Lee CW, Wu SY, Pan BS, Yu HH, Su BC. Vismodegib Potentiates Marine Antimicrobial Peptide Tilapia Piscidin 4-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10282-8. [PMID: 38743208 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common cancer with several accepted treatments, such as chemotherapy, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Nevertheless, NSCLC cells often become insensitive to these treatments, and therapeutic resistance is a major reason NSCLC still has a high mortality rate. The induction of therapeutic resistance in NSCLC often involves hedgehog, and suppression of hedgehog can increase NSCLC cell sensitivity to several conventional therapies. In our previous work, we demonstrated that the marine antimicrobial peptide tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4) exhibits potent anti-NSCLC activity in both EGFR-WT and EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells. Here, we sought to further explore whether hedgehog might influence the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to TP4. Our results showed that hedgehog was activated by TP4 in both WT and EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells and that pharmacological inhibition of hedgehog by vismodegib, a Food and Drug Administration-approved hedgehog inhibitor, potentiated TP4-induced cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, vismodegib acted by enhancing TP4-mediated increases in mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). MitoTempo, a specific mitochondrial ROS scavenger, abolished vismodegib/TP4 cytotoxicity. The combination of vismodegib with TP4 also reduced the levels of the antioxidant proteins catalase and superoxide dismutase, and it diminished the levels of chemoresistance-related proteins, Bcl-2 and p21. Thus, we conclude that hedgehog regulates the cytotoxic sensitivity of NSCLC cells to TP4 by protecting against mitochondrial dysfunction and suppressing oxidative stress. These findings suggest that combined treatment of vismodegib and TP4 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Yeh
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chieh Tu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Cheng Chien
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Wan Lee
- Department of Nursing, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, 78, Section 2, Minzu Road, West Central District, Tainan, 70007, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ying Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Bo-Syong Pan
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710, USA
| | - Hsin-Hsien Yu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Chyuan Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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4
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Williams D, Hargrove-Wiley E, Bindeman W, Valent D, Miranda AX, Beckstead J, Fingleton B. Type II Interleukin-4 Receptor Activation in Basal Breast Cancer Cells Promotes Tumor Progression via Metabolic and Epigenetic Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4647. [PMID: 38731867 PMCID: PMC11083536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-4 (IL4) is a Th2 cytokine that can signal through two different receptors, one of which-the type II receptor-is overexpressed by various cancer cells. Previously, we have shown that type II IL4 receptor signaling increases proliferation and metastasis in mouse models of breast cancer, as well as increasing glucose and glutamine metabolism. Here, we expand on those findings to determine mechanistically how IL4 signaling links glucose metabolism and histone acetylation to drive proliferation in the context of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We used a combination of cellular, biochemical, and genomics approaches to interrogate TNBC cell lines, which represent a cancer type where high expression of the type II IL4 receptor is linked to reduced survival. Our results indicate that type II IL4 receptor activation leads to increased glucose uptake, Akt and ACLY activation, and histone acetylation in TNBC cell lines. Inhibition of glucose uptake through the deletion of Glut1 ablates IL4-induced proliferation. Additionally, pharmacological inhibition of histone acetyltransferase P300 attenuates IL4-mediated gene expression and proliferation in vitro. Our work elucidates a role for type II IL4 receptor signaling in promoting TNBC progression, and highlights type II IL4 signaling, as well as histone acetylation, as possible targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demond Williams
- Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.W.); (E.H.-W.); (W.B.); (D.V.); (A.X.M.)
| | - Ebony Hargrove-Wiley
- Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.W.); (E.H.-W.); (W.B.); (D.V.); (A.X.M.)
| | - Wendy Bindeman
- Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.W.); (E.H.-W.); (W.B.); (D.V.); (A.X.M.)
| | - Daniel Valent
- Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.W.); (E.H.-W.); (W.B.); (D.V.); (A.X.M.)
| | - Adam X. Miranda
- Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.W.); (E.H.-W.); (W.B.); (D.V.); (A.X.M.)
| | - Jacob Beckstead
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
| | - Barbara Fingleton
- Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.W.); (E.H.-W.); (W.B.); (D.V.); (A.X.M.)
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5
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Saha R, Pal R, Ganguly B, Majhi B, Dutta S. Mono-quinoxaline-induced DNA structural alteration leads to ZBP1/RIP3/MLKL-driven necroptosis in cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116377. [PMID: 38581731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Evading the cellular apoptosis mechanism by modulating multiple pathways poses a sturdy barrier to effective chemotherapy. Cancer cell adeptly resists the apoptosis signaling pathway by regulating anti and pro-apoptotic proteins to escape cell death. Nevertheless, bypassing the apoptotic pathway through necroptosis, an alternative programmed cell death process, maybe a potential therapeutic modality for apoptosis-resistant cells. However, synthetic mono-quinoxaline-based intercalator-induced cellular necroptosis as an anti-cancer perspective remains under-explored. To address this concern, we undertook the design and synthesis of quinoxaline-based small molecules (3a-3l). Our approach involved enhancing the π-surface of the mandatory benzyl moiety to augment its ability to induce DNA structural alteration via intercalation, thereby promoting cytotoxicity across various cancer cell lines (HCT116, HT-29, and HeLa). Notably, the potent compound 3a demonstrated the capacity to induce DNA damage in cancer cells, leading to the induction of ZBP1-mediated necroptosis in the RIP3-expressed cell line (HT-29), where Z-VAD effectively blocked apoptosis-mediated cell death. Interestingly, we observed that 3a induced RIP3-driven necroptosis in combination with DNA hypomethylating agents, even in the RIP3-silenced cell lines (HeLa and HCT116). Overall, our synthesized compound 3a emerged as a promising candidate against various cancers, particularly in apoptosis-compromised cells, through the induction of necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimita Saha
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ritesh Pal
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Bhaskar Ganguly
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Bhim Majhi
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sanjay Dutta
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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6
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Zhang Y, Zhu K, Wang X, Zhao Y, Shi J, Liu Z. Roles of IL-4, IL-13, and Their Receptors in Lung Cancer. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2024. [PMID: 38516928 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2024.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 are the main effectors of innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) of the type 2 innate immune response, which can carry out specific signal transmission between multiple cells in the tumor immune microenvironment. IL-4 and IL-13 mediate signal transduction and regulate cellular functions in a variety of solid tumors through their shared receptor chain, the transmembrane heterodimer interleukin-4 receptor alpha/interleukin-13 receptor alpha-1 (type II IL-4 receptor). IL-4, IL-13, and their receptors can induce the formation of a variety of malignant tumors and play an important role in their progression, growth, and tumor immunity. In order to explore possible targets for lung cancer prediction and treatment, this review summarizes the characteristics and signal transduction pathways of IL-4 and IL-13, and their respective receptors, and discusses in depth their possible role in the occurrence and development of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Kangle Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhengcheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Zareinejad M, Mehdipour F, Roshan-Zamir M, Faghih Z, Ghaderi A. Dual Functions of T Lymphocytes in Breast Carcinoma: From Immune Protection to Orchestrating Tumor Progression and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4771. [PMID: 37835465 PMCID: PMC10571747 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer type in women and the second leading cause of death. Despite recent advances, the mortality rate of BC is still high, highlighting a need to develop new treatment strategies including the modulation of the immune system and immunotherapies. In this regard, understanding the complex function of the involved immune cells and their crosstalk with tumor cells is of great importance. T-cells are recognized as the most important cells in the tumor microenvironment and are divided into several subtypes including helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T-cells according to their transcription factors, markers, and functions. This article attempts to provide a comprehensive review of the role of T-cell subsets in the prognosis and treatment of patients with BC, and crosstalk between tumor cells and T-cells. The literature overwhelmingly contains controversial findings mainly due to the plasticity of T-cell subsets within the inflammatory conditions and the use of different panels for their phenotyping. However, investigating the role of T-cells in BC immunity depends on a variety of factors including tumor types or subtypes, the stage of the disease, the localization of the cells in the tumor tissue and the presence of different cells or cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zahra Faghih
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45505, Iran; (M.Z.); (F.M.); (M.R.-Z.)
| | - Abbas Ghaderi
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45505, Iran; (M.Z.); (F.M.); (M.R.-Z.)
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Shakiba E, Bazi A, Ghasemi H, Eshaghi‐Gorji R, Mehdipour SA, Nikfar B, Rashidi M, Mirzaei S. Hesperidin suppressed metastasis, angiogenesis and tumour growth in Balb/c mice model of breast cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2756-2769. [PMID: 37581480 PMCID: PMC10494297 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the unfavourable response of breast cancer (BC) to treatment, we assessed the therapeutic potential hesperidin in mice bearing 4T1 BC tumours. Anti-tumour effects were assessed by measuring pathologic complete response (pCR), survival analysis, immunohistochemistry for E-cadherin, VEGF, MMP9, MMP2 and Ki-67, serum measurement of IFNγ and IL-4, and gene expression analysis of CD105, VEGFa, VEGFR2 and COX2. Survival of tumour-bearing mice was the highest in mice receiving a combination of hesperidin and doxorubicin (Dox) (80%) compared to the normal saline (43%), hesperidin 5 (54%), 10 (55.5%), 10 (60.5%) and 40 (66%) mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg Dox-treated (73%) groups (p < 0.0001 for all). Compared to the normal saline group, there was a significant elevation in IFNγ level in the animals receiving 20 (p = 0.0026) and 40 (p < 0.001) mg/kg hesperidin, 10 mg/kg Dox (p < 0.001), and combined hesperidin (20 mg/kg) and Dox (10 mg/kg) (p < 0.001). A significant reduction in the gene expression of CD 105 (p = 0.0106), VEGFa (p < 0.0001), VEGFR2 (p < 0.0001), and Cox2 (p = 0.034) and a significant higher pCR score (p = 0.006) were noticed in mice treated with 10 mg/kg Dox + 20 mg/kg hesperidin compared to those treated with 10 mg/kg Dox alone. Immunohistochemical staining showed significant reductions in Ki-67 (p < 0.001) and VEGF (p < 0.001) and a significant elevation in E-cadherin (p = 0.005) in the 10 mg/kg Dox + 20 mg/kg treatment group than in 10 mg/kg Dox alone group. Hesperidin can be considered as a potentially suitable anti-cancer agent for BC that can synergize with other chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Shakiba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Ali Bazi
- Department of HematologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Faculty of Allied Medical SciencesZabol University of Medical SciencesZabolIran
| | - Hamed Ghasemi
- Student Research CommitteeMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Reza Eshaghi‐Gorji
- Student Research CommitteeMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | | | - Banafsheh Nikfar
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars HospitalIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department of PharmacologyMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research CenterMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
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9
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Xu K, Chang M, Wang Z, Yang H, Jia Y, Xu W, Zhao B, Chen Y, Yao F. Multienzyme-Mimicking LaCoO 3 Nanotrigger for Programming Cancer-Cell Pyroptosis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302961. [PMID: 37227938 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis, a distinct paradigm of programmed cell death, is an efficient strategy against cancer by overcoming resistance to apoptosis. In this study, LaCoO3 (LCO) lanthanide-based nanocrystals with multienzyme characteristics are rationally designed and engineered to trigger the generation of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the release of lanthanum ions, ultimately inducing lung cancer cell pyroptosis. The peroxidase- and oxidase-mimicking activities of LCO nanocrystals endow LCO with ROS production capacity in tumor tissues with an acidic pH and high hydrogen peroxide content. Concurrently, the LCO nanoenzyme exhibits catalase- and glutathione peroxidase-like activities, reversing the hypoxic microenvironment, destroying the activated antioxidant system of tumor cells, and amplifying the sensitivity of tumor cells to ROS. The use of ultrasound further accelerates the enzymatic kinetic rate. Most importantly, the La3+ ions released by LCO robustly destroy the lysosomal membrane, finally inducing canonical pyroptotic cell death, together with ROS. LCO-nanocrystal-triggered programmed cell pyroptosis amplifies the therapeutic effects both in vitro and in vivo, effectively restraining lung cancer growth and metastasis. This study paves a new avenue for the efficient treatment of lung cancer and metastasis through US-enhanced lanthanum-based nanoenzyme platforms and pyroptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Meiqi Chang
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Haitang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Yunxuan Jia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Weijiao Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Baicheng Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Feng Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, P. R. China
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10
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Bhosale PG, Kennedy RA, Watt FM. Caspase activation in tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes is associated with lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Pathol 2023; 261:43-54. [PMID: 37443405 PMCID: PMC10772935 DOI: 10.1002/path.6145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) are genetically heterogeneous and exhibit diverse stromal and immune microenvironments. Acquired resistance to standard chemo-, radio-, and targeted therapies remains a major hurdle in planning effective treatment modalities for OSCC patients. Since Caspase 8 (CASP8) is frequently mutated in OSCCs, we were interested to explore a potential interaction between tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and CASP8 activation using high-content image analysis of human tumour (n = 32) sections. Despite the lymphocyte-rich tumour microenvironment, we observed lower activation of CASP8 (0-10% of tumour area) and its downstream effector CASP3 (0-6%) in tumours than in normal oral epithelium. Conversely, we found apoptosis was high for all the lymphocyte subtypes examined (38-52% of lymphocytes within tumour islands). Tumours with higher Fas ligand (FasL) expression had a significantly higher proportion of cleaved CASP3/8 positive cytotoxic T cells within the tumour islands (p = 0.05), and this was associated with the presence of lymph node metastatic disease [odds ratio: 1.046, 95% confidence interval (1.002-1.091), p = 0.039]. Our finding of extensive activation of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in TILs, together with evidence of higher FasL in CASP8 mutated tumours, may be useful in predicting the course of disease in individual patients. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka G Bhosale
- Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Robert A Kennedy
- Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Fiona M Watt
- Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUK
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
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11
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Pereira SAP, Romano-deGea J, Barbosa AI, Costa Lima SA, Dyson PJ, Saraiva MLMFS. Fine-tuning the cytotoxicity of ruthenium(II) arene compounds to enhance selectivity against breast cancers. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:11679-11690. [PMID: 37552495 PMCID: PMC10442743 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02037a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium-based complexes have been suggested as promising anticancer drugs exhibiting reduced general toxicity compared to platinum-based drugs. In particular, Ru(η6-arene)(PTA)Cl2 (PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane), or RAPTA, complexes have demonstrated efficacy against breast cancer by suppressing metastasis, tumorigenicity, and inhibiting the replication of the human tumor suppressor gene BRCA1. However, RAPTA compounds have limited cytotoxicity, and therefore comparatively high doses are required. This study explores the activity of a series of RAPTA-like ruthenium(II) arene compounds against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and [Ru(η6-toluene)(PPh3)2Cl]+ was identified as a promising candidate. Notably, [Ru(η6-toluene)(PPh3)2Cl]Cl was found to be remarkably stable and highly cytotoxic, and selective to breast cancer cells. The minor groove of DNA was identified as a relevant target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A P Pereira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jan Romano-deGea
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Ana Isabel Barbosa
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sofia A Costa Lima
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paul J Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - M Lúcia M F S Saraiva
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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12
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Beller NC, Wang Y, Hummon AB. Evaluating the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Chemotherapeutics within a Spatial SILAC-Labeled Spheroid Model System. Anal Chem 2023; 95:11263-11272. [PMID: 37462741 PMCID: PMC10676637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumors have considerable cellular heterogeneity that is impossible to explore with simple cell cultures. Spheroid cultures contain pathophysiological and chemical gradients similar to in vivo tumors and show complex responses to therapeutics, similar to a tumor. Using pulsed isotopic labels, we demonstrate the pronounced differential response of the proteome to the drug Regorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, in HCT 116 spheroids. Regorafenib treatment of outer spheroids inhibits proteins involved in critical pathways such as mTOR signaling, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, and colorectal cancer metastasis signaling, resulting in decreased proliferation and cellular apoptosis. By contrast, analysis of the treated core cells shows upregulation of MAPK1 and KRAS, possibly implicating drug resistance within these late apoptotic cells. Thus, pulsed isotopic labeling enables evaluation of the distinct proteomic responses for cells residing in the different chemical microenvironments of the spheroid. This platform promises great utility in assisting researchers' predictions of pharmacodynamic therapeutic responses within complex tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C. Beller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yijia Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH, 43210, USA
| | - Amanda B. Hummon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH, 43210, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH, 43210, USA
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13
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Yu HH, Wu LY, Hsu PL, Lee CW, Su BC. Marine Antimicrobial Peptide Epinecidin-1 Inhibits Proliferation Induced by Lipoteichoic acid and Causes cell Death in non-small cell lung cancer Cells via Mitochondria Damage. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10130-1. [PMID: 37523113 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10130-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is among the deadliest cancers worldwide. Despite the recent introduction of several new therapeutic approaches for the disease, improvements in overall survival and progression-free survival have been minimal. Conventional treatments for NSCLC include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Except for surgery, these treatments can impair a patient's immune system, leaving them susceptible to bacterial infections. As such, Staphylococcus aureus infections are commonly seen in NSCLC patients receiving chemotherapy, and a major constituent of the S. aureus cell surface, lipoteichoic acid (LTA), is thought to stimulate NSCLC cancer cell proliferation. Thus, inhibition of LTA-mediated cell proliferation might be a useful strategy for treating NSCLC. Epinecidin-1 (EPI), a marine antimicrobial peptide, exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, and it also displays anti-cancer activity in glioblastoma and synovial sarcoma cells. Furthermore, EPI has been shown to inhibit LTA-induced inflammatory responses in murine macrophages. Nevertheless, the anti-cancer and anti-LTA activities of EPI and the underlying mechanisms of these effects have not been fully tested in the context of NSCLC. In the present study, we demonstrate that EPI suppresses LTA-enhanced proliferation of NSCLC cells by neutralizing LTA and blocking its effects on toll-like receptor 2 and interleukin-8. Moreover, we show that EPI induces necrotic cell death via mitochondrial damage, elevated reactive oxygen species levels, and disrupted redox balance. Collectively, our results reveal dual anti-cancer activities of EPI in NSCLC, as the peptide not only directly kills cancer cells but it also blocks LTA-mediated enhancement of cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Hsien Yu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Luo-Yun Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Wan Lee
- Department of Nursing, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, 78, Section 2, Minzu Road, West Central District, Tainan, 70007, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Chyuan Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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14
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Ruze R, Song J, Yin X, Chen Y, Xu R, Wang C, Zhao Y. Mechanisms of obesity- and diabetes mellitus-related pancreatic carcinogenesis: a comprehensive and systematic review. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:139. [PMID: 36964133 PMCID: PMC10039087 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01376-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on obesity- and diabetes mellitus (DM)-related carcinogenesis has expanded exponentially since these two diseases were recognized as important risk factors for cancers. The growing interest in this area is prominently actuated by the increasing obesity and DM prevalence, which is partially responsible for the slight but constant increase in pancreatic cancer (PC) occurrence. PC is a highly lethal malignancy characterized by its insidious symptoms, delayed diagnosis, and devastating prognosis. The intricate process of obesity and DM promoting pancreatic carcinogenesis involves their local impact on the pancreas and concurrent whole-body systemic changes that are suitable for cancer initiation. The main mechanisms involved in this process include the excessive accumulation of various nutrients and metabolites promoting carcinogenesis directly while also aggravating mutagenic and carcinogenic metabolic disorders by affecting multiple pathways. Detrimental alterations in gastrointestinal and sex hormone levels and microbiome dysfunction further compromise immunometabolic regulation and contribute to the establishment of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) for carcinogenesis, which can be exacerbated by several crucial pathophysiological processes and TME components, such as autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and exosome secretion. This review provides a comprehensive and critical analysis of the immunometabolic mechanisms of obesity- and DM-related pancreatic carcinogenesis and dissects how metabolic disorders impair anticancer immunity and influence pathophysiological processes to favor cancer initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rexiati Ruze
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlu Song
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Xinpeng Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China.
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China.
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15
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Zhu Y, He Y, Chen C, Zhang J, Yang X, Lu Y, Chen YZ, Zhao W. Development of a nomogram based on serum cytokine-related riskscore in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1146463. [PMID: 37007080 PMCID: PMC10062183 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1146463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundCytokines are involved in many inflammatory diseases and thus play an important role in tumor immune regulation. In recent years, researchers have found that breast cancer is not only related to genetic and environmental factors, but also to the chronic inflammation and immunity. However, the correlation between serum cytokines and blood tests indicators remain unclear.MethodsA total of 84 serum samples and clinicopathological data of breast cancer patients from Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China were collected. The expression levels of the 12 cytokines were detected by immunofluorescence method. Blood tests results were obtained from medical records. By stepwise Cox regression analysis, a cytokine-related gene signature was generated. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to analyze the influence on the prognosis of patients. A nomogram was constructed to illustrate the cytokine-related riskscore predicting 5-year OS, which was further evaluated and validated by C-index and ROC curve. The correlation between the expression of cytokines in serum and other blood indicators was studied by using Spearman’s test.ResultsThe riskscore was calculated as IL-4×0.99069 + TNF-α×0.03683. Patients were divided into high and low risk groups according to the median riskscore, with the high-risk group has a shorter survival time by log-rank test (training set, P=0.017; validation set, P=0.013). Combined with the clinical characteristics, the riskscore was found to be an independent factor for predicting the OS of breast cancer patients in both training cohort (HR=1.2, P<0.01) and validation cohort (HR=1.6, P=0.023). The 5-year C-index and AUC of the nomogram were 0.78 and 0.68, respectively. IL-4 was further found to be negatively correlated with ALB.ConclusionIn summary, we have developed a nomogram based on two cytokines including IL-4 and TNF-α to predict OS of breast cancer and investigated their correlation with blood test indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhu
- Department of Breast Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Breast Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuqing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong-Zi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Weipeng Zhao, ; Yong-Zi Chen,
| | - Weipeng Zhao
- Department of Breast Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Weipeng Zhao, ; Yong-Zi Chen,
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16
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Jia F, Li Y, Gao Y, Wang X, Lu J, Cui X, Pan Z, Xu C, Deng X, Wu Y. Sequential-delivery nanocomplex for combined anti-angiogenesis and gene therapy against colorectal cancer. Int J Pharm 2023; 637:122850. [PMID: 36990169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Neovascularization can provide tumors with essential nutrients and oxygen, as well as maintain a microenvironment for tumor cell growth. In this study, we combined anti-angiogenic therapy and gene therapy for synergistic anti-tumor therapy. We co-delivered the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor fruquintinib (Fru) and small interfering RNA CCAT1 (siCCAT1) inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition using 1,2-distearoyl-snglycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N- [methoxy (polyethylene glycol)] with a pH-responsive benzoic imine linker bond (DSPE-Hyd-mPEG) and polyethyleneimine-poly (d, l-lactide) (PEI-PDLLA) nanocomplex (Fru and siCCAT1 co-delivery NP, FCNP). Due to the characteristics of pH-response, DSPE-Hyd-mPEG removed from FCNP after enrichment at the tumor site, which had a protective effect in the body. Meanwhile, Fru acting on the peritumor blood vessels was rapidly released, and then the nanoparticles loaded with siCCAT1 (CNP) was engulfed by cancer cells and facilitate the successful lysosomal escape of siCCAT1 in, playing the role of silencing CCAT1. Efficient silencing of CCAT1 by FCNP was observed, and simultaneously, the expression of VEGFR-1 was also down-regulated. Furthermore, FCNP elicited significant synergistic antitumor efficacy via anti-angiogenesis and gene therapy in the SW480 subcutaneous xenograft model with favorable biosafety and biocompatibility during the treatment. Overall, FCNP was considered a promising strategy for the combined anti-angiogenesis-gene treatment against colorectal cancer.
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17
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Fendl B, Berghoff AS, Preusser M, Maier B. Macrophage and monocyte subsets as new therapeutic targets in cancer immunotherapy. ESMO Open 2023; 8:100776. [PMID: 36731326 PMCID: PMC10024158 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for the treatment of solid cancers dramatically turned the tables in clinical routine. However, therapy success is still limited with up to 70% of non-responders in patients with ICI treatment. Traditionally, most immunotherapy approaches aim at directly stimulating anti-tumor T cell responses. More recently, tumor-associated macrophages have come into focus due to their predominance in solid tumors. Intensive cross-talk with tumor cells and immune as well as stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment can drive either pro- or anti-tumorigenic macrophage phenotypes. In turn, tumor-associated macrophages strongly shape cytokine and metabolite levels in the tumor microenvironment and thus are central players in anti-tumor immunity. Thus, ambivalent macrophage populations exist which raises therapeutic possibilities to either enhance or diminish their functionality. However, molecular signals controlling tumor-associated macrophage polarization are incompletely understood. Gaining in-depth understanding of monocyte/macrophage properties both in circulation and within distinct tumor microenvironments would (i) allow the development of new therapeutic approaches, and (ii) could additionally aid our understanding of underlying mechanisms limiting current therapy with the option of combinatorial therapies to increase efficacy. In this review, we summarize recent data addressing heterogeneity of tumor-associated macrophage populations and we discuss strategies to target macrophages using known molecular pathways with the potential for straight-forward clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fendl
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A S Berghoff
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Preusser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - B Maier
- CeMM, Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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Fu JL, Hao HF, Wang S, Jiao YN, Li PP, Han SY. Marsdenia tenacissima extract disturbs the interaction between tumor-associated macrophages and non-small cell lung cancer cells by targeting HDGF. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115607. [PMID: 35973634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Marsdenia tenacissima (Roxb.) Wight et Arn. is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, and its water-soluble ingredient Marsdenia tenacissima extract (MTE), was widely used for cancer treatment. The multi-pharmacological efficacies and mechanisms of MTE in directly inhibiting tumor cells have been extensively studied. However, the anti-tumor effects of MTE in the tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) microenvironment remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To uncover the role of hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) in the interaction between TAMs and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. To evaluate the anti-tumor effects of MTE on the vicious crosstalk between TAMs and NSCLC by targeting HDGF. MATERIALS AND METHODS HDGF-overexpression PC-9 and H292 NSCLC cell lines were constructed and verified. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed in HDGF-overexpression PC-9 cells to probe the differential expression of genes. THP-1-derived macrophages were characterized using specific markers after stimulation with phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and rhIL-4 or rhHDGF. The role of HDGF both in NSCLC cells and TAMs was determined using approaches like Western blot, qRT-PCR, ELISA, and flow cytometry. The interaction between tumor cells and TAMs were assessed by indirect co-culture H1975, PC-9 cells with M2 type macrophages. The effects of MTE on anti-tumor and macrophage polarization were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS RNA-seq results identified IL-4 as a critical response to HDGF in NSCLC. HDGF induced macrophages polarizing toward M2 type, and promoted NSCLC cells proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. On the one hand, HDGF dose-dependently promoted IL-4 expression in NSCLC cells. On the other hand, HDGF induced M2 macrophage polarization through the IL-4/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. MTE treatment significantly decreased the expression and secretion of HDGF in NSCLC cells. Meanwhile, MTE treatment led to M2 macrophage repolarization, as evidenced by decreased expression of M2 markers and increased levels of M1 markers. Importantly, MTE treatment significantly suppressed tumor development in C57BL/6 mice bearing Lewis lung cancer (LLC) cells in vivo, accompanied by decreased plasma HDGF levels, reduced M2 macrophages infiltration and increased M1 macrophages proportion in mice tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS HDGF upregulated IL-4 expression in NSCLC cells, and promoted M2 polarization by the IL-4/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway in macrophages. MTE disturbed the interaction between NSCLC and TAMs in vitro, and inhibited tumor growth in vivo, at least in part, by suppressing HDGF. Therefore, our present study revealed a novel anti-tumor mechanism of MTE through inhibiting HDGF expression and enhancing macrophage polarization from M2 to M1 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, PR China
| | - Hui-Feng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, PR China
| | - Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, PR China
| | - Yan-Na Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, PR China
| | - Ping-Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, PR China.
| | - Shu-Yan Han
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, PR China.
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HSD3B1 Expression Is Upregulated by Interleukin 4 in HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells via Multiple Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113572. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase is essential for the synthesis of active steroid hormones. Interleukin 4 (IL4) induces the expression of HSD3B1 in various human cancer cell lines. Here, we demonstrated that administration of IL4 to an HT-29 colon cancer cell line induced high expression of HSD3B1 at the mRNA and protein levels. In the HT-29 cells, IL4 stimulated the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and promoted its binding to the STAT6-binding site in the HSD3B1 promoter. The STAT6 inhibitor significantly suppressed HSD3B1 induction by IL4 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, inhibition of the PI3-kinase/AKT pathway strongly suppressed the IL4-induced HSD3B1 expression. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), a downstream target of AKT, had a stimulatory effect on the IL4-induced HSD3B1 expression. However, IL4 stimulated the phosphorylation of AKT, which inhibited the GSK3 activity at the early stage. Hence, GSK3 potentiated the HSD3B1 levels at the late stage of the IL4 stimulation. Additionally, inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), ERK1/2 and p38, but not of JNK, partly reduced the HSD3B1 expression following the IL4 stimulation. We further demonstrated that IL4 potently promoted steroid synthesis. Our results indicate that IL4 induces HSD3B1 expression via multiple signaling pathways in HT-29 cells and may play a role in the regulation of steroid synthesis.
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Yang MC, Wu D, Sun H, Wang LK, Chen XF. A Metabolic Plasticity-Based Signature for Molecular Classification and Prognosis of Lower-Grade Glioma. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091138. [PMID: 36138874 PMCID: PMC9497112 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioma is one of the major health problems worldwide. Biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of Glioma are still needed. Methods: The transcriptome data and clinic information on Glioma were obtained from the CGGA, TCGA, GDC, and GEO databases. The immune infiltration status in the clusters was compared. The genes with differential expression were identified, and a prognostic model was developed. Several assays were used to detect RPH3A’s role in Glioma cells, including CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell migration assay. Results: Lower Grade Glioma (LGG) was divided into two clusters. The immune infiltration difference was observed between the two clusters. We screened for genes that differed between the two groups. WGCNA was used to construct a co-expressed network using the DEGs, and four co-expressed modules were identified, which are blue, green, grey, and yellow modules. High-risk patients have a lower overall survival rate than low-risk patients. In addition, the risk score is associated with histological subtypes. Finally, the role of RPH3A was detected. The overexpression of RPH3A in LGG cells can significantly inhibit cell proliferation and migration and regulate EMT-regulated proteins. Conclusion: Our study developed a metabolic-related model for the prognosis of Glioma cells. RPH3A is a potential therapeutic target for Glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Pharmaceutical Experiment Teaching Center, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lian-Kun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-451-8555-5644
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Zhang P, Zhang Y, Ji N. Challenges in the Treatment of Glioblastoma by Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Immunotherapy and Possible Solutions. Front Immunol 2022; 13:927132. [PMID: 35874698 PMCID: PMC9300859 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.927132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), one of the most lethal brain cancers in adults, accounts for 48.6% of all malignant primary CNS tumors diagnosed each year. The 5-year survival rate of GBM patients remains less than 10% even after they receive the standard-of-care treatment, including maximal safe resection, adjuvant radiation, and chemotherapy with temozolomide. Therefore, new therapeutic modalities are urgently needed for this deadly cancer. The last decade has witnessed great advances in chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy for the treatment of hematological malignancies. Up to now, the US FDA has approved six CAR-T cell products in treating hematopoietic cancers including B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Meanwhile, the number of clinical trials on CAR-T cell has increased significantly, with more than 80% from China and the United States. With its achievements in liquid cancers, the clinical efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy has also been explored in a variety of solid malignancies that include GBMs. However, attempts to expand CAR-T cell immunotherapy in GBMs have not yet presented promising results in hematopoietic malignancies. Like other solid tumors, CAR-T cell therapies against GBM still face several challenges, such as tumor heterogeneity, tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment, and CAR-T cell persistence. Hence, developing strategies to overcome these challenges will be necessary to accelerate the transition of CAR-T cell immunotherapy against GBMs from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Nan Ji,
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22
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Hawthorne B, Lund K, Freggiaro S, Kaga R, Meng J. The mechanism of the cytotoxic effect of Panax notoginseng extracts on prostate cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112887. [PMID: 35367754 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H. commonly referred to as Sanqi, is a Chinese herb that has long been used to treat various conditions including blood disorders and cardiovascular diseases. While Panax notoginseng has been used as an anti-cancer medicinal herb in recent years, how it achieves this therapeutic effect has not been thoroughly elucidated. The purpose of this study was to reveal more about the mechanism of the cytotoxic effect of Panax notoginseng on prostate cancer (PCa) cells. METHODS Ethanol extract of Panax notoginseng root was authenticated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The cytotoxic activity of this herb against PCa cells was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The assessment of cellular metabolic activity demonstrated that Panax notoginseng reduces the viability of LNCaP and 22Rv1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Annexin-V binding flow cytometry assay showed that Panax notoginseng induces apoptosis in PCa cells. Cell cycle analysis by quantification of DNA content using flow cytometry showed that Panax notoginseng arrests the cell cycle at the G2/M phase in both LNCaP and 22Rv1 cells. Moreover, ELISA demonstrated that Panax notoginseng-treated PCa cells secrete significantly less tumor-promoting cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) to the supernatant compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS These results provide evidence for the cytotoxic effects of Panax notoginseng on PCa cell lines. This botanical is a promising candidate for the complementary and integrative medicine treatment of PCa and further studies are indicated to determine the anti-cancer mechanism of Panax notoginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Hawthorne
- School of Naturopathic Medicine, Bastyr University, 14500 Juanita Drive NE, Kenmore, WA 98028, USA
| | - Kaleb Lund
- School of Naturopathic Medicine, Bastyr University, 14500 Juanita Drive NE, Kenmore, WA 98028, USA
| | - Sydney Freggiaro
- School of Naturopathic Medicine, Bastyr University, 14500 Juanita Drive NE, Kenmore, WA 98028, USA
| | - Risa Kaga
- School of Natural Health Arts & Sciences, Bastyr University, 14500 Juanita Drive NE, Kenmore, WA 98028, USA
| | - Jing Meng
- School of Natural Health Arts & Sciences, Bastyr University, 14500 Juanita Drive NE, Kenmore, WA 98028, USA.
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IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 Are Involved in the Development of Human Gallbladder Cancer. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020249. [PMID: 35207737 PMCID: PMC8875933 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Gallbladder cancer is commonly associated with inflammation, which indicates that inflammation-related cytokines and cytokine receptors are related to the progression of gallbladder cancers. Interleukin 4 (IL4) is a well-known cytokine that promotes the differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0) to T helper type 2 cells (Th2). IL13 is a cytokine that is secreted by Th2 cells. IL4 and IL13 are closely related in immune responses. However, the role of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 signaling pathway has not been fully understood in the development of gallbladder cancer. Methods: In human gallbladder carcinomas, the expression of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 were evaluated with immunohistochemical staining in tissue microarray tissue sections. After knockdown of IL4Rα or IL13Rα1, cell assays to measure the proliferation and apoptosis and Western blotting analysis were conducted in SNU308 human gallbladder cancer cells. Since Janus kinases2 (JAK2) was considered as one of the down-stream kinases under IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 complex, the same kinds of experiments were performed in SNU308 cells treated with AZD1480, Janus-associated kinases2 (JAK2) inhibitor, to demonstrate the cytotoxic effect of AZD1480 in SNU308 cells. Results: Immunohistochemical expression of IL4Rα was significantly associated with the expression of IL13Rα1 in human carcinoma tissue. In univariate analysis, nuclear expression of IL4Rα, cytoplasmic expression of IL4Rα, nuclear expression of IL13Rα1, and cytoplasmic expression of IL13Rα1 were significantly associated with shorter overall survival and shorter relapse-free survival. Multivariate analysis revealed nuclear expression of IL4Rα as an independent poor prognostic indicator of overall survival and relapse-free survival. Then, we found that knockdown of IL4Rα or IL13Rα1 decreased viability and induced apoptosis in SNU308 cells via activation of FOXO3 and similarly, AZD1480 decreased viability and induced apoptosis in SNU308 cells with dose dependent manner. Conclusions: Taken together, our results suggest that IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 might be involved in the development of human gallbladder cancer cells and IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 complex/JAK2 signaling pathway could be efficient therapeutic targets for gallbladder cancer treatment.
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Huang C, He Y, Sun J, Yuan Q, Li S, Hou H, Su K, Ke C, Du Z, Yuan Z. Sensitizing TRAIL response via differential modulation of anti- and pro-apoptotic factors by AZD5582 combined with ER nanosomal TRAIL in neuroblastoma. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151856. [PMID: 35077998 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a metastatic brain tumor particularly common in children. The cure rate is below 50% for patients of high-risk condition. Novel therapeutic agents and approaches are needed to improve the cure rate. Tumor necrosis factor-related and apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising proapoptotic factor that rapidly induces apoptosis preferentially in transformed and cancerous cells. Unfortunately, the common TRAIL resistance in cancers has hampered the clinical application of the ligand. Previously we prepared a novel TRAIL-armed ER derived nanosomal agent (ERN-T) that overcomes TRAIL resistance in some cancer lines when combined with a synthetic antagonist of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), AZD5582. However, how AZD5582 sensitizes cancer cells to ERN-T remains not well understood. In this study we continued to test the therapeutic efficacy of the combinatory therapy of ERN-T and AZD5582 on neuroblastoma, aiming to reveal the molecular mechanism underlying the synergism between AZD5582 and ERN-T. The obtained data revealed that ERN-Ts overcame TRAIL resistance and showed significant cytotoxicity on the resistant neuroblastoma line SH-SH5Y when combined with AZD5582 whilst sparing normal cells. The combination of low doses of ERN-Ts and AZD5582 induced intensive apoptosis in SH-SY5Y but not in normal skin fibroblasts (NSFs). Importantly we discovered that TRAIL sensitization in SH-SY5Y was associated with the concomitant downregulation of antiapoptotic factors cFLIP, MCL-1 and IAPs and upregulation of proapoptotic protein BAX and the death receptor 5 (DR5) by the cotreatment of ERN-T and AZD5582. In vivo study demonstrated that the combination of ERN-T and AZD5582 constituted a highly effective and safe therapy for subcutaneous SH-SY5Y xenograft neuroblastoma in nude mice. In conclusion, we identified that the concomitant regulation of both antiapoptotic and proapoptotic factors and DR5 is an essential molecular mechanism for overcoming TRAIL resistance in SH-SY5Y and the combination of ERN-T and AZD5582 potentially constitutes a novel therapeutic strategy, which is highly effective and safe for neuroblastoma.
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Identification of an IL-4-Related Gene Risk Signature for Malignancy, Prognosis and Immune Phenotype Prediction in Glioma. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12020181. [PMID: 35203944 PMCID: PMC8870251 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Emerging molecular and genetic biomarkers have been introduced to classify gliomas in the past decades. Here, we introduced a risk signature based on the cellular response to the IL-4 gene set through Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Methods: In this study, we provide a bioinformatic profiling of our risk signature for the malignancy, prognosis and immune phenotype of glioma. A cohort of 325 patients with whole genome RNA-seq expression data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset was used as the training set, while another cohort of 667 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was used as the validating set. The LASSO model identified a 10-gene signature which was considered as the optimal model. Results: The signature was confirmed to be a good predictor of clinical and molecular features involved in the malignancy of gliomas. We also identified that our risk signature could serve as an independently prognostic biomarker in patients with gliomas (p < 0.0001). Correlation analysis showed that our risk signature was strongly correlated with the Tregs, M0 macrophages and NK cells infiltrated in the microenvironment of glioma, which might be a supplement to the existing incomplete innate immune mechanism of glioma phenotypes. Conclusions: Our IL-4-related gene signature was associated with more aggressive and immunosuppressive phenotypes of gliomas. The risk score could predict prognosis independently in glioma, which might provide a new insight for understanding the IL-4 involved mechanism of gliomas.
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Ke C, Hou H, Su K, Yuan Q, Huang C, Li S, Sun J, Lin Y, Wu C, Zhao Y, Yuan Z. Extracellular vesicle-mediated co-delivery of TRAIL and Dinaciclib for targeted therapy of resistant tumor. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1498-1514. [DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01751a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV) delivery of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) (EV-T) has been shown highly efficient for cancer treatment when combined with the potent cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, dinaciclib (SCH727965, Dina)....
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Rab1A promotes IL-4R/JAK1/STAT6-dependent metastasis and determines JAK1 inhibitor sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 523:182-194. [PMID: 34627950 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rab1A overexpression has been observed in several cancer types, however, its significance and the underlying mechanisms in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain largely unexplored. This study demonstrated that Rab1A overexpression in NSCLC was significantly correlated to short survival and metastasis. Rab1A overexpression promoted cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo, by activating JAK1/STAT6 signaling through stabilizing IL-4Rα protein. Strikingly, high Rab1A level was associated with sensitivity to JAK1 inhibitor, and Rab1A overexpression rendered cancer cells vulnerable to JAK1-targeted agents. JAK1 inhibitor, Itacitinib adipate, dramatically inhibited high Rab1A NSCLC metastasis, in both cell line and patient derived xenograft models. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that Rab1A plays a critical role in the aggressive properties of NSCLC, revealing a unique mechanism by which it promotes metastasis. In addition, we found that Rab1A is a determinant of JAK1 inhibitor sensitivity, which could be explored for improving JAK1-targeted cancer therapy.
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Shams K, Larypoor M, Salimian J. The immunomodulatory effects of Candida albicans isolated from the normal gastrointestinal microbiome of the elderly on colorectal cancer. Med Oncol 2021; 38:140. [PMID: 34637027 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01591-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The association of gut microbiota with occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been reported in recent studies. Probiotics have been shown to mediate anti-cancer effects through immune system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum and Candida albicans in the suppression of azoxymethane-induced CRC in male Fischer 344 rats. 30 adult male Fischer 344 rats were divided into 6 distinct groups (n = 5 per group): non-treated animals, fat-food intake group, fat-food and carcinogen intake group, CRC cancer-induced rats treated with the chemotherapy drug, CRC-induced rats treated with Lactobacillus plantarum, and CRC-induced rats treated with Candida albicans. Identification of Candida albicans isolated from human feces was performed by microbiological, biochemical, and PCR methods. The serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, TGF-β, and TNF-α were measured by ELISA. Pathological studies were performed through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining method. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc analysis. Shrinking cancer cells with very dark nuclei were observed in CRC-induced rats treated with the chemotherapy drug, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Candida albicans indicating the occurrence of apoptosis. Serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, and TGF-β significantly decreased compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Lactobacillus plantarum and Candida albicans isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of the elderly and healthy individuals can efficiently improve CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiya Shams
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Larypoor
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran. .,Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Hakymiyeh-Babaee Highway, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jafar Salimian
- Departmentof Immunology, Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Che X, Liu M, Li D, Li Z, Guo J, Jia R. RAN and YBX1 are required for cell proliferation and IL-4 expression and linked to poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Cell Res 2021; 406:112767. [PMID: 34364882 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world, with a high mortality rate. RAN is a member of the Ras GTPase family and is overexpressed in a range of cancers, however, the relationship between RAN and OSCC is rarely reported. In this study, we found that RAN is overexpressed in OSCC tissues. RAN inhibition retarded OSCC cell proliferation and led to apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Knockdown of RAN inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Strikingly, we found that RAN and oncogene Y-box binding protein-1 (YBX1) are positively associated with the immune infiltrates of CD4+ Th2 cells in multiple types of cancer, and can promote IL-4 expression. IL-4 treatment can partially rescue RAN knockdown-induced cell apoptosis in OSCC cells. Moreover, overexpression of RAN could rescue cell growth inhibition caused by knockdown of YBX1. Furthermore, patients with low expression of both RAN and YBX1 had better overall survival than others. Collectively, these findings indicate that RAN is a target of YBX1. RAN and YBX1 are required for cell proliferation and IL-4 expression. RAN and YBX1 are co-expressed and can serve as potential co-biomarkers for poor prognosis in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Che
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Di Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Ziwei Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jihua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.
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Sarangthem V, Yi A, Kim Y, Rehemtulla A, Lee BH, Jeon YH, Singh TD, Park RW. Therapeutic Effect of IL-4 Receptor-Targeting Pro-Apoptotic Peptide (AP1-ELP-KLAK) in Glioblastoma Tumor Model. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5039-5052. [PMID: 34335025 PMCID: PMC8318221 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s316388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thermal-responsive self-assembled elastin-like polypeptide (ELP)-based nanoparticles are an emerging platform for controlled delivery of therapeutic peptides, proteins and small molecular drugs. The antitumor effect of bioengineered chimeric polypeptide AP1-ELP-KLAK containing an interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) targeting peptide and pro-apoptotic peptide (KLAKLAK) was evaluated in glioblastoma (GBM) in vitro and in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS Herein, the therapeutic effect of AP1-ELP-KLAK was tested in advanced, and less curable glioblastoma cells with higher expression of IL-4R. Glioblastoma cell lines stably expressing different reporter systems i.e., caspase-3 sensor (surrogate marker for cellular apoptosis) or effluc/enhanced firefly luciferase (cellular viability) were established to measure cell death non-invasively. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) of D54/effluc and U97MG/effluc treated with AP1-ELP-KLAK exhibited higher cell death up to 2~3-fold than the control. Treatment with AP1-ELP-KLAK resulted in time-dependent increase of caspase-3 sensor BLI activity in D54/C cells and D54/C tumor-bearing mice. Intravenous injection of AP1-ELP-KLAK dramatically reduced tumor growth by inducing cellular apoptosis in D54/effluc tumor-bearing mice. Further, the immuno-histological examination of the excised tumor tissue confirmed the presence of apoptotic cells as well as caspase-3 activation. CONCLUSION Collectively, AP1-ELP-KLAK effectively induced cellular apoptosis of glioblastoma cells and non-invasive imaging provides a window for real-time monitoring of anti-tumor effect with the provision of improving therapeutic efficacy in a glioblastoma mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Sarangthem
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, and Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Aena Yi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, and Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, and Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Alnawaz Rehemtulla
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Byung-Heon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, and Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Jeon
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Thoudam Debraj Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Rang-Woon Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, and Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
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Gharghani MS, Simonian M, Bakhtiari F, Ghaffari MH, Fazli G, Bayat AA, Negahdari B. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for breast cancer. Future Oncol 2021; 17:2961-2979. [PMID: 34156280 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-1013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main reasons that researchers pay enormous attention to immunotherapy is that, despite significant advances in conventional therapy approaches, breast cancer remains the leading cause of death from malignant tumors among women. Genetically modifying T cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) is one of the novel methods that has exhibited encouraging activity with relative safety, further urging investigators to develop several CAR T cells to target overexpressed antigens in breast tumors. This article is aimed not only to present such CAR T cells and discuss their remarkable results but also indicates their shortcomings with the hope of achieving possible strategies for improving therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mighmig Simonian Gharghani
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 8415683111, Iran
| | - Miganoosh Simonian
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14177-55469, Iran
| | - Faezeh Bakhtiari
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Mozhan Haji Ghaffari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14177-55469, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Fazli
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmad Bayat
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14177-55469, Iran
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Bell M, Gottschalk S. Engineered Cytokine Signaling to Improve CAR T Cell Effector Function. Front Immunol 2021; 12:684642. [PMID: 34177932 PMCID: PMC8220823 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.684642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive immunotherapy with T cells genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) is a promising approach to improve outcomes for cancer patients. While CAR T cell therapy is effective for hematological malignancies, there is a need to improve the efficacy of this therapeutic approach for patients with solid tumors and brain tumors. At present, several approaches are being pursued to improve the antitumor activity of CAR T cells including i) targeting multiple antigens, ii) improving T cell expansion/persistence, iii) enhancing homing to tumor sites, and iv) rendering CAR T cells resistant to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Augmenting signal 3 of T cell activation by transgenic expression of cytokines or engineered cytokine receptors has emerged as a promising strategy since it not only improves CAR T cell expansion/persistence but also their ability to function in the immunosuppressive TME. In this review, we will provide an overview of cytokine biology and highlight genetic approaches that are actively being pursued to augment cytokine signaling in CAR T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Bell
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Stephen Gottschalk
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
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Caruntu A, Moraru L, Lupu M, Ciubotaru DA, Dumitrescu M, Eftimie L, Hertzog R, Zurac S, Caruntu C, Voinea OC. Assessment of Histological Features in Squamous Cell Carcinoma Involving Head and Neck Skin and Mucosa. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2343. [PMID: 34071843 PMCID: PMC8199467 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common type of malignancy worldwide. Skin and mucosa of the head and neck areas are the most frequently affected. An aggressive behavior in SCC is not easily detected, and despite all efforts, mortality in these types of cancer did not show major improvements during recent decades. In this study, we aim to determine the role of histological features available through standard pathology assessment in SCC and their relation with tumor behavior and patients' survival. METHOD in a group of one hundred patients diagnosed with SCC involving the head and neck areas, we assessed the presence of four histological features (tumor/stroma ratio, immune infiltration at the front of invasion, tumor-budding activity, and tumor necrosis), their correlations with tumor type (mucosal or cutaneous), tumor clinicopathological characteristics, and their prognostic potential. RESULTS the comparison between histological features in cutaneous versus mucosal SCC reveals no significant differences for any of the four parameters assessed. We found significant correlations between tumor/stroma ratio and lymphatic metastasis (p = 0.0275), perineural invasion (p = 0.0006), and clinical staging (p = 0.0116). Immune infiltration at the front of invasion revealed similar correlations with lymph node involvement (p = 0.002), perineural invasion (p = 0.0138), and clinical staging (p = 0.0043). Tumor budding and tumor necrosis correlated with the size of the tumor (p = 0.0077 and p = 0.0004) and the clinical staging (p = 0.0039 and p = 0.0143). In addition, tumor budding was significantly correlated with perineural invasion (p = 0.0454). In mucosal SCC, patients with improved outcome revealed high values for the tumor/stroma ratio (p = 0.0159) and immune infiltration at the front of invasion (p = 0.0274). However, the multivariate analysis did not confirm their independent prognostic roles. CONCLUSIONS extended histological assessments that include features such as tumor/stroma ratio, immune infiltration at the front of invasion, tumor budding, and tumor necrosis can be an easy, accessible method to collect additional information on tumor aggressiveness in skin and mucosa SCC affecting the head and neck areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.); (L.M.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Moraru
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.); (L.M.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Lupu
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Diana Alina Ciubotaru
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Marius Dumitrescu
- Department of Pathology, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (M.D.); (L.E.)
| | - Lucian Eftimie
- Department of Pathology, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (M.D.); (L.E.)
| | - Radu Hertzog
- “Cantacuzino” National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (R.H.); (O.C.V.)
| | - Sabina Zurac
- Department of Pathology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Dermatology, “Prof. N.C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Cristina Voinea
- “Cantacuzino” National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (R.H.); (O.C.V.)
- Department of Pathology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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Enhancing CAR-T cell efficacy in solid tumors by targeting the tumor microenvironment. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1085-1095. [PMID: 33785843 PMCID: PMC8093220 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has achieved successful outcomes against hematological malignancies and provided a new impetus for treating solid tumors. However, the efficacy of CAR-T cells for solid tumors remains unsatisfactory. The tumor microenvironment has an important role in interfering with and inhibiting the effector function of immune cells, among which upregulated inhibitory checkpoint receptors, soluble suppressive cytokines, altered chemokine expression profiles, aberrant vasculature, complicated stromal composition, hypoxia and abnormal tumor metabolism are major immunosuppressive mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the inhibitory factors that affect the function of CAR-T cells in tumor microenvironment and discuss approaches to improve CAR-T cell efficacy for solid tumor treatment by targeting those barriers.
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Cleary MM, Bharathy N, Abraham J, Kim JA, Rudzinski ER, Michalek JE, Keller C. Interleukin-4 Receptor Inhibition Targeting Metastasis Independent of Macrophages. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:906-914. [PMID: 33853867 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma occurring in children and carries a dismal prognosis when metastatic disease is detected. Our previous work has suggested the cytokine receptor IL4Rα may play a role in contributing to metastasis in the alveolar subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma (aRMS), and thus could present a therapeutic target. The IL4 signaling axis has been characterized in various adult cancers as well; however, pediatric trials often follow similar adult trials and the role of the IL4Rα receptor has not been explored in the context of a mediator of metastasis in adult disease. Here, we demonstrate that the impact of IL4Rα blockade in an orthotopic allograft model of aRMS is not mediated by a macrophage response. We further examine the effect of IL4 blockade in adult colon, breast, and prostate cancers and find that inhibition of IL4Rα signaling modulates in vitro cell viability of HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells; however, this finding did not translate to an autocrine-related in vivo difference in tumor burden or lung metastasis. Our results suggest that if humanized IL4 mouse host strains are not available (or not ideal due to the need for immunosuppressing the host innate immune response for xenograft systems), then genetically-engineered mice and mouse allograft studies may be the best indicator of therapeutic targeting efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Cleary
- The Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Narendra Bharathy
- The Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Jinu Abraham
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jin-Ah Kim
- The Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, Oregon
| | | | - Joel E Michalek
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Charles Keller
- The Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, Oregon.
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Zhong P, Shu R, Wu H, Liu Z, Shen X, Hu Y. Low KRT15 expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with breast invasive carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:305. [PMID: 33717248 PMCID: PMC7885068 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although keratin 15 (KRT15) has been indicated to be overexpressed in several types of tumor, its role in breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA) has so far remained elusive. The aim of the present study was to explore KRT15 expression in BRCA based on data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and The Genotype-Tissue Expression. KRT15 expression was compared using a Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to reveal the biological roles and pathways of KRT15. The association between KRT15 expression and immune-cell infiltration was evaluated via single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). To investigate the relationship between clinicopathological features and KRT15 expression, the prognostic value of KRT15 and other clinical factors was evaluated using Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier (KM) plots. Subgroup prognostic analysis was also performed using forest plots and KM curves. Finally, a tissue microarray was used to assess KRT15 expression in BRCA tissues. KRT15 expression was significantly lower in BRCA tissues compared with that in normal tissues. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that KRT15-related genes were primarily enriched in the transmembrane transporter complex, cornification and ligand-receptor interactions. Increased KRT15 was associated with several tumor-suppressive pathways. ssGSEA revealed that high KRT15 expression was significantly associated with natural killer-cell, B-cell and mast-cell infiltration. Significant associations were observed between low KRT15 expression and advanced stage clinicopathological factors, as well as unfavorable overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that KRT15 was an independent prognostic factor for OS (P=0.039; hazard ratio, 0.590; 95% CI, 0.358-0.974). Subgroup prognostic analysis demonstrated that low KRT15 was a reliable predictor of poor OS. Immunohistochemistry of a tissue microarray indicated that positive KRT15 expression rates were significantly higher in normal tissues compared with those in the BRCA tissues. In conclusion, low KRT15 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with BRCA. Thus, KRT15 may serve an important role in BRCA progression and may be used as a promising prognostic marker for diagnostic and prognostic analyses in patients with BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhong
- Laboratory of Herbal Drug Discovery, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Rong Shu
- Laboratory of Herbal Drug Discovery, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Huiwen Wu
- Laboratory of Herbal Drug Discovery, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwen Liu
- Laboratory of Herbal Drug Discovery, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Shen
- Laboratory of Herbal Drug Discovery, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yingjie Hu
- Laboratory of Herbal Drug Discovery, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
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He X, Cao Y, Gu Y, Fang H, Wang J, Liu X, Lv K, Yu K, Fei Y, Lin C, Liu H, Zhang H, Li H, Xu J, Li R, He H. Clinical Outcomes and Immune Metrics in Intratumoral Basophil-Enriched Gastric Cancer Patients. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:6439-6450. [PMID: 33738713 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of basophils has been reported in several malignancies. In gastric cancer, the relation between tumor-infiltrating basophils and patient overall survival and chemotherapeutic responsiveness still remains obscure. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the postoperative prognostic and predictive significance of basophils to survival outcomes and chemotherapeutic responsiveness in resectable gastric cancer. METHODS The study enrolled two independent patient data sets with 448 gastric cancer patients overall. Basophils were evaluated with the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and the correlation with clinicopathological characteristics, survival outcomes, and responsiveness to fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) were investigated. Additionally, IHC was applied to characterize immune contexture in gastric cancer. RESULTS In either the discovery or validation data sets, accumulated basophils indicated poorer prognosis, and tumor-infiltrating basophils were identified as an independent adverse prognostic factor by multivariate analysis. Furthermore, tumor-infiltrating basophils determined significantly inferior therapeutic responsiveness to fluorouracil-based ACT in patients with stage III tumors. In addition, the abundance of basophils was correlated with an immunoevasive contexture characterized by M2-polarized macrophage infiltration. Moreover, our findings indicated elevated interleukin-4 expression but decreased interferon-γ expression in the high-basophils subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Tumor-infiltrating basophils in gastric cancer were identified as an independent adverse prognosticator, and also predicted inferior chemotherapeutic responsiveness, which identified those patients in need of much more individualized postoperative adjuvant therapy and more stringent follow-up. Furthermore, the infiltration of basophils was associated with immunoevasive tumor microenvironment, which might be a potential immunotherapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanji Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieti Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunpeng Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchao Fei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - He Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiejie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruochen Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hongyong He
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Shi J, Song X, Traub B, Luxenhofer M, Kornmann M. Involvement of IL-4, IL-13 and Their Receptors in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062998. [PMID: 33804263 PMCID: PMC8000536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 are known as pleiotropic Th2 cytokines with a wide range of biological properties and functions especially in immune responses. In addition, increasing activities have also been determined in oncogenesis and tumor progression of several malignancies. It is now generally accepted that IL-4 and IL-13 can exert effects on epithelial tumor cells through corresponding receptors. Type II IL-4 receptor (IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1), predominantly expressed in non-hematopoietic cells, is identified to be the main target for both IL-4 and IL-13 in tumors. Moreover, IL-13 can also signal by binding to the IL-13Rα2 receptor. Structural similarity due to the use of the same receptor complex generated in response to IL-4/IL-13 results in overlapping but also distinct signaling pathways and functions. The aim of this review was to summarize knowledge about IL-4 and IL-13 and their receptors in pancreatic cancer in order understand the implication of IL-4 and IL-13 and their receptors for pancreatic tumorigenesis and progression and for developing possible new diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Possible Roles of Interleukin-4 and -13 and Their Receptors in Gastric and Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020727. [PMID: 33450900 PMCID: PMC7828336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-4 and -13 are structurally and functionally related cytokines sharing common receptor subunits. They regulate immune responses and, moreover, are involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of human neoplasms. Three different receptors have been described for IL-4, but only IL-4 receptor type II (IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1) is expressed in solid tumors. While IL-13 can also bind to three different receptors, IL-13 receptor type I (IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1/IL-13Rα2) and type II (IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1) are expressed in solid tumors. After receptor binding, IL-4 and IL-13 can mediate tumor cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis in gastric or colon cancer. This review summarizes the results about the role of IL-4/IL-13 and their receptors in gastric and colon cancer.
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40
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Kim KM, Hussein UK, Park SH, Moon YJ, Zhang Z, Ahmed AG, Ahn AR, Park HS, Kim JR, Jang KY. Expression of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 are associated with poor prognosis of soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremities, superficial trunk, and retroperitoneum. Diagn Pathol 2021; 16:2. [PMID: 33419470 PMCID: PMC7796579 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-020-01066-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 are constituents of the type II IL4 receptor. Recently, IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 were reported to have roles in cancer progression and suggested as potential prognostic markers. However, studies on IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 in soft-tissue sarcomas have been limited. Methods This study investigated the immunohistochemical expression of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 in 89 soft-tissue sarcomas of the extremities, superficial trunk, and retroperitoneum. Immunohistochemical staining for IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 were scored according to a combination of staining intensity and staining area in tissue microarray samples. Positivity for the immunohistochemical expression of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 were determined using receiver operating curve analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using regression analysis and a chi-square test. Results In human soft-tissue sarcomas, immunohistochemical expression of IL4Rα was significantly associated with IL13Rα1 expression. Nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 were significantly associated with shorter survival of soft-tissue sarcoma patients in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis indicated that nuclear expression of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 were independent indicators of shorter overall survival (IL4Rα; p = 0.002, IL13Rα1; p = 0.016) and relapse-free survival (IL4Rα; p = 0.022, IL13Rα1; p < 0.001) of soft-tissue sarcoma patients. Moreover, the co-expression pattern of nuclear IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 was an independent indicator of shorter survival of soft-tissue sarcoma patients (overall survival; overall p < 0.001, relapse-free survival; overall p < 0.001). Conclusions This study suggests IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 are associated with the progression of soft-tissue sarcoma, and the expression of IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 might be novel prognostic indicators of soft-tissue sarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Dukjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical, Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Usama Khamis Hussein
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Dukjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.,Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jae Moon
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical, Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhongkai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Dukjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Asmaa Gamal Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Dukjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.,Faculty of Postgraduate Studies and Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ae-Ri Ahn
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Dukjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical, Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sung Park
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Dukjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical, Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ryul Kim
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical, Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Dukjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Dukjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical, Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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High Expression of VSTM2L Induced Resistance to Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer through Downstream IL-4 Signaling. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6657012. [PMID: 33506057 PMCID: PMC7811563 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6657012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (pCRT) is a common and essential therapeutic strategy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), but poor tumor response and therapeutic resistance to chemoradiotherapy have appeared usually among persons and affected those patients' survival prognosis. The resistance to chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer is difficult to predict. This study was aimed at evaluating the role of V-set and transmembrane domain containing 2 like protein (VSTM2L) in resistance to chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer. Methods Analysis of the GEO profiling datasets of rectal cancer patients receiving pCRT disclosed that VSTM2L as a candidate gene was significantly upregulated in nonresponders of rectal cancer with pCRT. The mRNA and protein expression of VSTM2L was detected by quantitate real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry in six rectal cancer biopsy tissues before pCRT. Furthermore, the rectal cancer patient-derived organoids were cultured to evaluate the association of VSTM2L expression and tumor response to CRT. Overexpression of VSTM2L in cancer cells treated with CRT was analyzed for the function of cell proliferation and viability, clone formation, DNA damage repair, and apoptosis ability. The GSEA and RNA-sequence analysis were used to find the downstream mechanism of VSTM2L overexpression in cells treated with CRT. Results The mRNA levels of VSTM2L were significantly downregulated in normal rectal tissues compared to tumor tissues and were upregulated in nonresponders of rectal cancer patients receiving pCRT and positively correlated with poor survival prognosis from GEO datasets. High expression of VSTM2L was significantly associated with tumor regression after pCRT (P = 0.030). Moreover, high expression of VSTM2L reduced γ-H2AX expression in rectal cancer patient-derived organoids treated with CRT. The overexpression of VSTM2L in colorectal cancer cells induced resistance to CRT via promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. The molecular mechanism revealed that the overexpression of VSTM2L induced resistance to CRT through downstream IL-4 signaling affecting the progress of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Conclusion The high expression of VSTM2L induced resistance to CRT, and adverse survival outcomes served as a prognostic factor in patients with rectal cancer receiving pCRT, suggesting that VSTM2L high expression may be a potential resistant predictable biomarker for LARC patients receiving pCRT.
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Cell cell death communication by signals passing through non-aqueous environments. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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43
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Regulated Necrotic Cell Death in Alternative Tumor Therapeutic Strategies. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122709. [PMID: 33348858 PMCID: PMC7767016 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of tumors requires the induction of cell death. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy are administered to kill cancer cells; however, some cancer cells are resistant to these therapies. Therefore, effective treatments require various strategies for the induction of cell death. Regulated cell death (RCD) is systematically controlled by intracellular signaling proteins. Apoptosis and autophagy are types of RCD that are morphologically different from necrosis, while necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis are morphologically similar to necrosis. Unlike necrosis, regulated necrotic cell death (RNCD) is caused by disruption of the plasma membrane under the control of specific proteins and induces tissue inflammation. Various types of RNCD, such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, have been used as therapeutic strategies against various tumor types. In this review, the mechanisms of necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis are described in detail, and a potential effective treatment strategy to increase the anticancer effects on apoptosis- or autophagy-resistant tumor types through the induction of RNCD is suggested.
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Permpoon U, Khan F, Vadevoo SMP, Gurung S, Gunassekaran GR, Kim MJ, Kim SH, Thuwajit P, Lee B. Inhibition of Tumor Growth against Chemoresistant Cholangiocarcinoma by a Proapoptotic Peptide Targeting Interleukin-4 Receptor. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:4077-4088. [PMID: 32881535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has a poor prognosis and high chemoresistance. Interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) is overexpressed in several cancer cells and plays a crucial role in tumor progression and drug resistance. IL4RPep-1, an IL-4R-binding peptide, has been identified by phage display and used for tumor targeting. In this study, we exploited IL4RPep-1 to guide the tumor-specific delivery of a proapoptotic peptide to chemoresistant CCA, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. Immunohistochemistry of human primary CCA tissues showed that IL-4R levels were upregulated in moderately to poorly differentiated types, and higher levels of IL-4R are correlated with lower survival rates in patients with CCA. IL4RPep-1 was observed to preferentially bind with high IL-4R-expressing KKU-213 human CCA cells, whereas it barely bound with low IL-4R-expressing KKU-055 cells. A hybrid of IL4RPep-1 and a proapoptotic peptide (KLAKLAK)2 (named as IL4RPep-1-KLA) induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in KKU-213 cells and increased those levels induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). IL4RPep-1-KLA was internalized in the cells and colocalized with mitochondria. Whole-body fluorescence imaging and immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues showed the homing of IL4RPep-1-KLA as well as IL4RPep-1 to KKU-213 tumor in mice. Systemic administration of IL4RPep-1-KLA efficiently inhibited KKU-213 tumor growth, whereas treatment with 5-FU alone did not significantly inhibit tumor growth in mice. No significant systemic side effects including liver toxicity and immunotoxicity were observed in mice during peptide treatments. These findings suggest that IL4RPep-1-KLA holds potential as a targeted therapeutic agent against chemoresistant CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttapol Permpoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Fatima Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Sri Murugan Poonkavithai Vadevoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Smriti Gurung
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Gowri Rangaswamy Gunassekaran
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jong Kim
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Peti Thuwajit
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Byungheon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosangro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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45
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Li L, Li Y, Timothy Sembiring Meliala I, Kasim V, Wu S. Biological roles of Yin Yang 2: Its implications in physiological and pathological events. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12886-12899. [PMID: 32969187 PMCID: PMC7754051 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Yin yang 2 (YY2) is a multifunctional zinc finger protein that belongs to the yin yang (YY) family. YY2 has dual function in regulating gene expression, as it could act either as a transcriptional activator or as a repressor of its target genes. YY2 could regulate genes that have been previously identified as targets of yin yang 1 (YY1), another member of the YY family, by binding to their common binding sequences. However, recent studies revealed that YY2 also has its own specific binding sequences, leading to its particular biological functions distinct from those of YY1. Furthermore, they have different levels or even opposite regulatory effects on common target genes, suggesting the importance of balanced YY1 and YY2 regulations in maintaining proper cellular homeostasis and biological functions. Recent studies revealed that YY2 plays crucial roles in maintaining stemness and regulating differentiation potential of embryonic stem cells, as well as in the development of the brain, nervous and cardiovascular systems. YY2 expression is also closely related to diseases, as it could act as a tumour suppressor gene that regulates tumour cell proliferation and metastasis. Moreover, YY2 is also involved in immune regulation and immune surveillance. Herein, we summarize recent perspectives regarding the regulatory functions of YY2, as well as its biological functions and relation with diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ian Timothy Sembiring Meliala
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Vivi Kasim
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Chongqing, China
| | - Shourong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Chongqing, China
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46
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Wang X, Wu Z, Qiu W, Chen P, Xu X, Han W. Programming CAR T cells to enhance anti-tumor efficacy through remodeling of the immune system. Front Med 2020; 14:726-745. [PMID: 32794014 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-020-0746-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have been indicated effective in treating B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma and have shown encouraging results in preclinical and clinical studies. However, CAR T cells have achieved minimal success against solid malignancies because of the additional obstacles of their insufficient migration into tumors and poor amplification and persistence, in addition to antigen-negative relapse and an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Various preclinical studies are exploring strategies to overcome the above challenges. Mobilization of endogenous immune cells is also necessary for CAR T cells to obtain their optimal therapeutic effect given the importance of the innate immune responses in the elimination of malignant tumors. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the engineering of CAR T cell therapies to restore the immune response in solid malignancies, especially with CAR T cells acting as cellular carriers to deliver immunomodulators to tumors to mobilize the endogenous immune response. We also explored the sensitizing effects of conventional treatment approaches, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, on CAR T cell therapy. Finally, we discuss the combination of CAR T cells with biomaterials or oncolytic viruses to enhance the anti-tumor outcomes of CAR T cell therapies in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Chongqing, 400042, China.,Molecular & Immunological Department, Bio-therapeutic Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Molecular & Immunological Department, Bio-therapeutic Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ping Chen
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Weidong Han
- Molecular & Immunological Department, Bio-therapeutic Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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47
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Thapa B, Kc R, Uludağ H. TRAIL therapy and prospective developments for cancer treatment. J Control Release 2020; 326:335-349. [PMID: 32682900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL), an immune cytokine of TNF-family, has received much attention in late 1990s as a potential cancer therapeutics due to its selective ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. TRAIL binds to cell surface death receptors, TRAIL-R1 (DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (DR5) and facilitates formation of death-inducing signaling complex (DISC), eventually activating the p53-independent apoptotic cascade. This unique mechanism makes the TRAIL a potential anticancer therapeutic especially for p53-mutated tumors. However, recombinant human TRAIL protein (rhTRAIL) and TRAIL-R agonist monoclonal antibodies (mAb) failed to exert robust anticancer activities due to inherent and/or acquired resistance, poor pharmacokinetics and weak potencies for apoptosis induction. To get TRAIL back on track as a cancer therapeutic, multiple strategies including protein modification, combinatorial approach and TRAIL gene therapy are being extensively explored. These strategies aim to enhance the half-life and bioavailability of TRAIL and synergize with TRAIL action ultimately sensitizing the resistant and non-responsive cells. We summarize emerging strategies for enhanced TRAIL therapy in this review and cover a wide range of recent technologies that will provide impetus to rejuvenate the TRAIL therapeutics in the clinical realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Thapa
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Remant Kc
- Department of Chemical & Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Chemical & Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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48
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Bednarz-Misa I, Diakowska D, Szczuka I, Fortuna P, Kubiak A, Rosińczuk J, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Interleukins 4 and 13 and Their Receptors Are Differently Expressed in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers, Depending on the Anatomical Site and Disease Advancement, and Improve Colon Cancer Cell Viability and Motility. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1463. [PMID: 32512917 PMCID: PMC7352212 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive interleukins (IL)-4 and 13 may directly promote cancer but neither their status nor role in gastrointestinal tract is clarified. We aim at quantifying ILs and their receptors in paired normal-tumor samples (n = 49/51) and sera (n = 263), using immunoassays and RTqPCR, and screening for their effect on colonic cancer cells. Both ILs were elevated locally at protein level in all cancers but only IL13 transcripts in colon were upregulated. Interleukin and their receptor expression reflected cancer pathology to varying degrees, with the association frequently inverse and manifested in non-cancerous tissue. Positive correlation with cancer-promoting genes BCL2, BCLxL, HIF1A, VEGFA, ACTA2, CCL2, PTGS2, and CDKN1A, but not Ki67, was demonstrated, particularly for ILs' receptors. Circulating IL-4 was elevated in all, while IL-13 only in colorectal or esophageal cancers, reflecting their advancement. IL4Ra and IL13Ra1 transcripts were downregulated by hypoxia and, in Caco-2, also by IL-4. Interleukin stimulation slightly improved colonic cancer cell viability, weakly upregulating BCL2 and Ki67 in HCT116 and HT-29. It affected cell motility more markedly and was consistently accompanied by upregulation of claudin-2. Gastrointestinal tract cancers are associated with IL-4 and IL-13 upregulation, which may facilitate cancer growth. Targeting both interleukins as an antineoplastic strategy warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Bednarz-Misa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Dorota Diakowska
- Department of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Izabela Szczuka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Paulina Fortuna
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Kubiak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Joanna Rosińczuk
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (I.S.); (P.F.); (A.K.)
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49
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Delgado-Ramirez Y, Colly V, Gonzalez GV, Leon-Cabrera S. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 as a target in colon cancer therapy. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:455-464. [PMID: 32565970 PMCID: PMC7285805 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) is a member of the STAT family of proteins that serve key roles in the initiation of tumorigenesis and malignant transformation. STAT6 is highly expressed in several types of cancer, including breast, pancreatic, prostate and colorectal cancer. STAT6 transduces signals in response to the binding of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 to their receptors and regulates the expression of genes involved in the immune response, cell survival, tumor proliferation and metastasis. Patients with colorectal cancer exhibit high STAT6 activity in the colonic epithelium, and STAT6 expression is associated with lower survival rates, lymph node metastasis, changes in the epithelial barrier function and alterations in the inflammatory response. A number of studies investigating experimental models and cancer cell lines have revealed that STAT6 is associated with tumor growth and development, as well as with increased invasion and metastasis, suggesting that STAT6 inhibition may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy in colon cancer. The present review summarizes the evidence with regard to the implications of STAT6 in cancer biology and the direct and indirect effects on colon tumor transformation. Furthermore, the current treatment strategies targeting the IL-4/IL-13/STAT6 axis in colon cancer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Delgado-Ramirez
- Laboratory of Oncoimmunology, Biomedical Research Unit, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Tlalnepantla, CP 54090, Mexico
| | - Vaneesa Colly
- Laboratory of Oncoimmunology, Biomedical Research Unit, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Tlalnepantla, CP 54090, Mexico.,Medical School, Faculty of Superior Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Tlalnepantla, CP 54090, Mexico
| | - Giovanni Villanueva Gonzalez
- Medical School, Faculty of Superior Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Tlalnepantla, CP 54090, Mexico
| | - Sonia Leon-Cabrera
- Laboratory of Oncoimmunology, Biomedical Research Unit, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Tlalnepantla, CP 54090, Mexico.,Medical School, Faculty of Superior Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Tlalnepantla, CP 54090, Mexico
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50
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Adami ER, Corso CR, Turin-Oliveira NM, Galindo CM, Milani L, Stipp MC, da Silva LCM, do Nascimento GE, Chaves PFP, Chequin A, Mariott M, da Silva LM, Klassen G, Ramos EAS, Cordeiro LMC, Acco A. Polysaccharides from green sweet pepper increase the antineoplastic effect of methotrexate on mammary tumor cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:1071-1081. [PMID: 32387356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the antineoplastic effects and toxicity of long-term treatment with polysaccharides from sweet green pepper (Capsicum annuum [CAP]), and concomitant treatment with CAP + methotrexate (MTX) on mammary tumor cells in vivo and in vitro. Ehrlich tumor cells were subcutaneously inoculated in female Swiss mice. The long-term treatment (31 days) with CAP (100 mg kg-1, p.o.) reduced the tumor growth and did not induce toxicity. The combined treatment protocol of 100 mg kg-1 CAP (p.o.) + 1 mg kg-1 MTX (i.p.) for 21 days inhibited the tumor growth in 95%, higher than the inhibition induced by MTX alone (1.0 or 2.5 mg kg-1, i.p.). In tumors, both CAP and CAP + MTX decreased the gene expression of Vegf, vessel area, and IL-4 and IL-10 levels, and increased IL-6 levels and the degree of necrosis. Treatment with CAP + MTX also increased TNF-α levels in tumors. Additionally, CAP + MTX treatment reduced the viability of human MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436 mammary tumor cells in culture. In fact, CAP exerted antineoplastic effects in vivo and in vitro against mammary tumor cells, possibly by modulating inflammation and angiogenesis. CAP may be a promising adjunct chemotherapy with lower toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Rezende Adami
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Claudia Rita Corso
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leticia Milani
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Andressa Chequin
- Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marihá Mariott
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Vale of Itajaí, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Luisa Mota da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Vale of Itajaí, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Giseli Klassen
- Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Edneia A S Ramos
- Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucimara M C Cordeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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