1
|
Zargarbashi R, Pirasteh MN, Nami Damirchi A, Shahbazi P. A new case of Melnick-Needles syndrome with skeletal manifestations: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 110:108658. [PMID: 37591191 PMCID: PMC10436170 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS) is a rare skeletal dysplasia that affects skeletal and connective tissue. Less than 70 cases of MNS reported in the literature. MNS had various clinical manifestations such as skeletal deformity, cortical bony sclerosis, facial abnormality, and urogenital symptoms. CASE PRESENTATION We presented a 5-year-old girl who referred to our orthopedic clinic with knee valgus deformity, spinal kyphoscoliosis, bilateral coxa valga, and humerus cortical irregularity. Based on some facial and skeletal feature, MNS was confirmed with genetic evaluation (heterozygote Filamin A genome). CLINICAL DISCUSSION The diagnosis of MNS requires a thorough medical and family history, physical examination, and radiographic evaluation. Differential diagnoses for patients with skeletal and facial deformities like MNS include Camurati-Engelmann disease, cystinuria, Galloway-Mowat syndrome, Joubert syndrome, and mucopolysaccharidosis. Treatment for MNS patients with bony deformities without lethal conditions can be conservative, but corrective surgery may be necessary in some cases. CONCLUSIONS MNS was a rare syndrome with common clinical manifestations such as limb and spine deformity. It is important to conduct a careful examination of any patient who presents with limb and skeletal deformity to the orthopedic clinic, as the disease may have some lethal clinical implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Zargarbashi
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Monir Najafi Pirasteh
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Nami Damirchi
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parmida Shahbazi
- Orthopedic Department, Orthopedic Surgery Research Center (OSRC), Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Handa A, Grigelioniene G, Nishimura G. Skeletal Dysplasia Families: A Stepwise Approach to Diagnosis. Radiographics 2023; 43:e220067. [PMID: 37053103 DOI: 10.1148/rg.220067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal dysplasias are a heterogeneous collection of genetic disorders characterized by bone and cartilage abnormalities, and they encompass over 400 disorders. These disorders are rare individually, but collectively they are common (approximate incidence of one in 5000 births). Radiologists occasionally encounter skeletal dysplasias in daily practice. In the 1980s, Professor Juergen Spranger proposed a concept suitable for the diagnosis of skeletal dysplasias termed bone dysplasia families. He stated that (a) different bone dysplasias that share a similar skeletal pattern can be grouped into a "family," (b) the final diagnosis is feasible through the provisional recognition of a pattern followed by a more careful analysis, and (c) families of bone dysplasias may be the result of similar pathogenetic mechanisms. The prototypes of bone dysplasia families include dysostosis multiplex family, achondroplasia family, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita family, and Larsen syndrome-otopalatodigital syndrome family. Since Spranger's proposal, the concept of bone dysplasia families, along with advancing genetic techniques, has been validated and further expanded. Today, this molecularly proven concept enables a simple stepwise approach to be applied to the radiologic diagnosis of skeletal dysplasias. The first step is the categorization of a given case into a family based on pattern recognition, and the second step is more meticulous observation, such as identification of different severities of the same pattern or subtle but distinctive findings. Since major skeletal dysplasias are limited in number, radiologists can be familiar with the representative patterns of these disorders. The authors describe a stepwise radiologic approach to diagnosing major skeletal dysplasia families and review the clinical and genetic features of these disorders. Published under a CC BY 4.0 license. Quiz questions for this article are available through the Online Learning Center. Online supplemental material and the slide presentation from the RSNA Annual Meeting are available for this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiko Handa
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H.); Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (G.G., G.N.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (G.G.); Department of Clinical Genetics and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden (G.G.); and Center for Intractable Diseases, Saitama University Hospital, Saitama, Japan (G.N.)
| | - Giedre Grigelioniene
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H.); Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (G.G., G.N.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (G.G.); Department of Clinical Genetics and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden (G.G.); and Center for Intractable Diseases, Saitama University Hospital, Saitama, Japan (G.N.)
| | - Gen Nishimura
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H.); Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (G.G., G.N.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (G.G.); Department of Clinical Genetics and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden (G.G.); and Center for Intractable Diseases, Saitama University Hospital, Saitama, Japan (G.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
De Silva E, Hong F, Falet H, Kim H. Filamin A in platelets: Bridging the (signaling) gap between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1060361. [PMID: 36605989 PMCID: PMC9808056 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1060361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are anucleate cells that are essential for hemostasis and wound healing. Upon activation of the cell surface receptors by their corresponding extracellular ligands, platelets undergo rapid shape change driven by the actin cytoskeleton; this shape change reaction is modulated by a diverse array of actin-binding proteins. One actin-binding protein, filamin A (FLNA), cross-links and stabilizes subcortical actin filaments thus providing stability to the cell membrane. In addition, FLNA binds the intracellular portion of multiple cell surface receptors and acts as a critical intracellular signaling scaffold that integrates signals between the platelet's plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. This mini-review summarizes how FLNA transduces critical cell signals to the platelet cytoskeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enoli De Silva
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Felix Hong
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hervé Falet
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Hugh Kim
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qin W, Gao J, Ma S, Wang Y, Li DM, Jiang WK, Chen F, Tay F, Niu LN. Multiple Cervical Root Resorption Involving 22 Teeth: A Case with Potential Genetic Predisposition. J Endod 2022; 48:1526-1532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
5
|
Riccio MP, D'Andrea G, Sarnataro E, Marino M, Bravaccio C, Albert U. Bipolar disorder with Melnick-Needles syndrome and periventricular nodular heterotopia: two case reports and a review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:495. [PMID: 34629090 PMCID: PMC8504088 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-021-03064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Melnick–Needles syndrome and periventricular nodular heterotopia are two usually mutually exclusive phenotypes of F-actin-binding cytoskeletal phosphoprotein Filamin-A mutations. Melnick–Needles syndrome is a rare X-linked condition that is lethal in males and shows great phenotypic variability in affected females. It is caused by mutations in Filamin-A gene, which encodes the protein Filamin A. Defects of the human Filamin-A gene also cause X-linked periventricular nodular heterotopia, a malformation of neuronal migration characterized by nodules of neurons in inappropriate location adjacent to the walls of the lateral ventricles. Case presentation We report on two Caucasian adolescent females, sisters, diagnosed with Melnick–Needles syndrome and bilateral periventricular nodular heterotopia, who developed bipolar disorder and somatic symptoms disorder at a young age. We also present a review of the literature about mental disorders associated with periventricular nodular heterotopia. Our report shows that patients presenting with atypical and heterogeneous psychiatric disease may have an underrecognized anatomical brain abnormality on genetic basis. Conclusions We found records of psychiatric disorders associated with periventricular nodular heterotopia; nevertheless, this is the first report of bipolar disorder occurring in individuals with periventricular nodular heterotopia, and the first report of any psychiatric disorder in individuals affected by Melnick–Needles syndrome. In conclusion, this case report may contribute to characterizing the phenotype of this very rare syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Riccio
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, Child Neuropsychiatry, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe D'Andrea
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emilia Sarnataro
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, Child Neuropsychiatry, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, Child Neuropsychiatry, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Bravaccio
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, Child Neuropsychiatry, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
| | - Umberto Albert
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Health, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wade EM, Jenkins ZA, Morgan T, Gimenez G, Gibson H, Peng H, Sanchez Russo R, Skraban CM, Bedoukian E, Robertson SP. Exon skip-inducing variants in FLNA in an attenuated form of frontometaphyseal dysplasia. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:3675-3682. [PMID: 34272929 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic variation in the X-linked gene FLNA causes a wide range of human developmental phenotypes. Loss-of-function is usually male embryonic-lethal, and most commonly results in a neuronal migration disorder in affected females. Gain-of-function variants cause a spectrum of skeletal dysplasias that present with variable additional, often distinctive, soft-tissue anomalies in males and females. Here we present two, unrelated, male individuals with novel, intronic variants in FLNA that are predicted to be pathogenic. Their phenotypes are reminiscent of the gain-of-function spectrum without the skeletal manifestations. Most strikingly, they manifest urethral anomalies, cardiac malformations, and keloid scarring, all commonly encountered features of frontometaphyseal dysplasia. Both variants prevent inclusion of exon 40 into the FLNA transcript, predicting the in-frame deletion of 42 amino acids, however the abundance of FLNA protein was equivalent to that observed in healthy individuals. Loss of these 42 amino acids removes sites that mediate key FLNA functions, including binding of some ligands and phosphorylation. This phenotype further expands the spectrum of the FLNA filaminopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Wade
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Zandra A Jenkins
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tim Morgan
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Gregory Gimenez
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Hayley Gibson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Cara M Skraban
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,The Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emma Bedoukian
- The Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stephen P Robertson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim J, Lee DW, Jang DH. Case Report: Pansynostosis, Chiari I Malformation and Syringomyelia in a Child With Frontometaphyseal Dysplasia 1. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:574402. [PMID: 34277511 PMCID: PMC8280522 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.574402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontometaphyseal dysplasia 1 (FMD1) is a rare otopalatodigital spectrum disorder (OPDSD) that is inherited as an X-linked trait and it is caused by gain-of-function mutations in the FLNA. It is characterized by generalized skeletal dysplasia, and craniofacial abnormalities including facial dysmorphism (supraorbital hyperostosis, hypertelorism, and down-slanting palpebral fissures). The involvement of the central nervous system in patients with OPDSD is rare. Herein, we present the case of a 12-year-old boy with facial dysmorphism, multiple joint contractures, sensorineural hearing loss, scoliosis, craniosynostosis, and irregular sclerosis with hyperostosis of the skull. Brain and whole-spine magnetic resonance imaging revealed Chiari I malformation with extensive hydrosyringomyelia from the C1 to T12 levels. Targeted next-generation sequencing identified a hemizygous pathologic variant (c.3557C>T/p.Ser1186Leu) in the FLNA, confirming the diagnosis of FMD1. This is the first report of a rare case of OPDSD with pansynostosis and Chiari I malformation accompanied by extensive syringomyelia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae-Hyun Jang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dissanayake R, Senanayake MP, Fernando J, Robertson SP, Dissanayake VHW, Sirisena ND. Frontometaphyseal dysplasia 1 in a patient from Sri Lanka. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:1317-1320. [PMID: 33372358 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A Sri Lankan male child with supraorbital hyperostosis, broad nasal bridge, small mandible, severe kyphoscoliosis, distal joint contractures of the hands and long second and third toes is described. A hemizygous pathogenic variant in exon 22 of the filamin A (FLNA) gene [NM_001110556.1: c.3557C>T; which leads to a nonsynonymous substitution of serine by leucine at codon 1186 in the FLNA protein; NP_001104026.1: p.Ser1186Leu] was identified. The clinical features observed in this patient were consistent with the cardinal manifestations seen in frontometaphyseal dysplasia 1 (FMD1). However, characteristic extra skeletal manifestations such as cardiac defects, uropathy, and hearing impairment which have previously been reported in association with this condition were absent in this patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruwangi Dissanayake
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Manouri P Senanayake
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Stephen P Robertson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Nirmala D Sirisena
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Oh CH, Lee CH, Kim SY, Lee SY, Jun HH, Lee S. A family of Melnick-Needles syndrome: a case report. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:391. [PMID: 32814550 PMCID: PMC7436951 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS) is an extremely rare osteochondrodysplasia caused by a mutation of FLNA, the gene encoding filamin A. MNS is inherited in an X-linked dominant manner. In this study, we describe three members of the same family with MNS, who exhibited different phenotypic severity despite having an identical FLNA gene mutation. CASE PRESENTATION The patient was 16 months old, with a history of delayed physical development, multiple upper respiratory infections and otitis media episodes. She was referred to our orthopedic clinic because of bowed legs and an abnormal plain chest radiograph. Both upper and lower extremities were bowed. Plain X-rays showed thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis, with anterior and posterior vertebral scalloping, and thin, wavy ribs. Hypoplasia of the pubis and ischium, with bilateral coxa valga, were also noted. Target exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous mutation of FLNA, c.3578 T > C, p.Lys1193Pro, which confirmed the diagnosis of MNS. Her older sister and mother had minimal deformities of the axial and extremity skeleton, but genetic analyses revealed the same FLNA mutation as the patient. The mutation identified in this family has not been previously reported. CONCLUSION This report illustrates the potential inherited nature of MNS and the phenotypic variability of clinicoradiologic characteristics. In patients with traits suggestive of MNS, a careful medical and family history should be obtained, and genetic testing should be performed for the patient, as well as all family members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hoon Oh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Hoon Jun
- Department of Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonchul Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wade EM, Halliday BJ, Jenkins ZA, O'Neill AC, Robertson SP. The X‐linked filaminopathies: Synergistic insights from clinical and molecular analysis. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:865-883. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.24002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. Wade
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Benjamin J. Halliday
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Zandra A. Jenkins
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Adam C. O'Neill
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Stephen P. Robertson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Thieu T, Milman T, Bhatti TR, Eagle RC. Anterior Segment Dysgenesis With Accessory Iris Membranes in an Infant With Otopalatodigital Spectrum Disorder and Mutation in the FLNA Gene. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2020; 57:e8-e11. [PMID: 31978233 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20191230-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A 4-month-old male infant with frontometaphyseal dysplasia and de novo FLNA gene mutation died of complications of disease. Post-mortem examination revealed accessory iris membranes. This is the first report in the literature of accessory iris membranes in a confirmed case of FLNA mutation and phenotypic anomalies consistent with frontometaphyseal dysplasia. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2020;57:e8-e11.].
Collapse
|
12
|
Otopalatodigital Syndrome Type I: Novel Characteristics and Prenatal Manifestations in two Siblings. Balkan J Med Genet 2019; 22:83-88. [PMID: 31942422 PMCID: PMC6956634 DOI: 10.2478/bjmg-2019-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Otopalatodigital spectrum disorder (OPDSD) is rare group of X-linked disorders caused by mutations in the filamin A (FLNA) gene. It is characterized by skeletal dysplasia of variable severity and different extra skeletal manifestations. Its presentation in the fetal period is quite unspecific, so diagnosis is usually made after birth. We present prenatal ultrasonography and postmortem findings that led us to a diagnosis of the mildest form of OPDSD (OPD type I) in two consecutive pregnancies. This is the first report on prenatal diagnosis (PND) of OPD type I. Affected fetuses showed facial dysmorphy (hypertelorism, micrognathia, cleft palate) and digital anomalies, features typical of OPD type I. In addition, microphtalmia and early neonatal death due to severe respiratory distress syndrome are described as a novel characteristics of the disorder. Clinical exome sequencing revealed a hemizygous missense pathogenic variant in the FLNA gene (NM_ 001110556.1: c.620C>T). We suggest that the presence of hypertelorism, micrognathia, digital anomalies on prenatal ultrasound examination should alert suspicion to OPDSD. Detailed clinical examination of mother and other female relatives is of great importance in establishing definitive diagnosis of OPD type I.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kremer TM, Lindsay ME, Kinane TB, Hawley MH, Little BP, Mino-Kenudson M. Case 28-2019: A 22-Year-Old Woman with Dyspnea and Chest Pain. N Engl J Med 2019; 381:1059-1067. [PMID: 31509678 DOI: 10.1056/nejmcpc1904041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ted M Kremer
- From the Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (T.M.K.), the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, and the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge (M.H.H.) - all in Massachusetts
| | - Mark E Lindsay
- From the Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (T.M.K.), the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, and the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge (M.H.H.) - all in Massachusetts
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- From the Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (T.M.K.), the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, and the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge (M.H.H.) - all in Massachusetts
| | - Megan H Hawley
- From the Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (T.M.K.), the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, and the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge (M.H.H.) - all in Massachusetts
| | - Brent P Little
- From the Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (T.M.K.), the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, and the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge (M.H.H.) - all in Massachusetts
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- From the Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (T.M.K.), the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, and the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge (M.H.H.) - all in Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Martínez-López M, Navedo A, López De Mesa R, Cervera-Paz FJ. Otopalatodigital syndrome type I: New temporal bone CT-scan sign in a case with a de novo novel mutation. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
15
|
Haataja TJK, Capoulade R, Lecointe S, Hellman M, Merot J, Permi P, Pentikäinen U. Critical Structural Defects Explain Filamin A Mutations Causing Mitral Valve Dysplasia. Biophys J 2019; 117:1467-1475. [PMID: 31542223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitral valve diseases affect ∼3% of the population and are the most common reasons for valvular surgery because no drug-based treatments exist. Inheritable genetic mutations have now been established as the cause of mitral valve insufficiency, and four different missense mutations in the filamin A gene (FLNA) have been found in patients suffering from nonsyndromic mitral valve dysplasia (MVD). The filamin A (FLNA) protein is expressed, in particular, in endocardial endothelia during fetal valve morphogenesis and is key in cardiac development. The FLNA-MVD-causing mutations are clustered in the N-terminal region of FLNA. How the mutations in FLNA modify its structure and function has mostly remained elusive. In this study, using NMR spectroscopy and interaction assays, we investigated FLNA-MVD-causing V711D and H743P mutations. Our results clearly indicated that both mutations almost completely destroyed the folding of the FLNA5 domain, where the mutation is located, and also affect the folding of the neighboring FLNA4 domain. The structure of the neighboring FLNA6 domain was not affected by the mutations. These mutations also completely abolish FLNA's interactions with protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 12, which has been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of FLNA-MVD. Taken together, our results provide an essential structural and molecular framework for understanding the molecular bases of FLNA-MVD, which is crucial for the development of new therapies to replace surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatu J K Haataja
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Romain Capoulade
- l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Simon Lecointe
- l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Maarit Hellman
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jean Merot
- l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Perttu Permi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ulla Pentikäinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen Q, Zhao Y, Qian Y, Lu C, Shen G, Dai J. A genetic-phenotypic classification for syndromic micrognathia. J Hum Genet 2019; 64:875-883. [PMID: 31273320 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-019-0630-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Micrognathia is a common craniofacial deformity which represents hypoplastic development of the mandible, accompanied by retrognathia and consequent airway problems. Usually, micrognathia is accompanied by multiple systematic defects, known as syndromic micrognathia, and is in close association with genetic factors. Now, large quantities of pathogenic genes of syndromic micrognathia have been revealed. However, how these different pathogenic genes could lead to similar phenotypes, and whether there are some common characteristics among these pathogenic genes are still unknown. In this study, we proposed a genetic-phenotypic classification of syndromic micrognathia based on pathogenic genes information obtained from Phenolyzer, DAVID, OMIM, and PubMed database. Pathogenic genes of syndromic micrognathia could be divided into four groups based on gene function, including cellular processes and structures, cell metabolism, cartilage and bone development, and neuromuscular function. In addition, these four groups exhibited various clinical characteristics, and the affected systems, such as central nervous system, skeletal system, cardiovascular system, oral and dental system, respiratory system and muscle, were different in these four groups. This classification could provide meaningful insights into the pathogenesis of syndromic micrognathia, and offer some clues for understanding the molecular mechanism, as well as guiding precise clinical diagnosis and treatment for syndromic micrognathia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Chen
- Department of Oral & Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Key laboratory of stomatology, Shanghai ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Oral & Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Key laboratory of stomatology, Shanghai ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yifeng Qian
- Department of Oral & Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Key laboratory of stomatology, Shanghai ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Chenpei Lu
- Department of Oral & Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Key laboratory of stomatology, Shanghai ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Guofang Shen
- Department of Oral & Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Key laboratory of stomatology, Shanghai ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China.
| | - Jiewen Dai
- Department of Oral & Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Key laboratory of stomatology, Shanghai ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Spencer C, Lombaard H, Wise A, Krause A, Robertson SP. A recurrent mutation causing Melnick-Needles syndrome in females confers a severe, lethal phenotype in males. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 176:980-984. [PMID: 29575627 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS; MIM 309350) is an X-linked skeletal dysplasia caused by mutations in FLNA. Females with the condition present with characteristic facial features, short stature, skeletal anomalies, including poorly modeled and sclerotic bones, and structural abnormalities such as cardiac and urological defects. Previously males were thought to present with either a mild phenotype compatible with life or a severe lethal presentation depending on the maternal phenotype. The discovery of a limited number of mutations in FLNA as the cause of the condition has clarified the molecular basis of the disorder, but only a very small number of severely affected males have been reported with MNS. Furthermore, no mildly affected males have been described with a molecular confirmation of the condition. In this report, we describe the clinical and molecular findings of a mildly affected mother with MNS and her severely affected son. They shared a well-documented disease-causing variant in FLNA, p.(Ala1188Thr), one of two highly recurrent mutations leading to the disorder. This is only the fourth report of a male with perinatal lethal MNS and a molecular confirmation; it is the first description of this specific mutation in a male.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Careni Spencer
- Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand and National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Hendrik Lombaard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Amy Wise
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Amanda Krause
- Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand and National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Stephen P Robertson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shirakawa J, Kajikawa S, Böttcher RT, Costell M, Izu Y, Hayata T, Noda M, Ezura Y. Profilin 1 Negatively Regulates Osteoclast Migration in Postnatal Skeletal Growth, Remodeling, and Homeostasis in Mice. JBMR Plus 2019; 3:e10130. [PMID: 31346562 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Profilin 1 (Pfn1), a regulator of actin polymerization, controls cell movement in a context-dependent manner. Pfn1 supports the locomotion of most adherent cells by assisting actin-filament elongation, as has been shown in skeletal progenitor cells in our previous study. However, because Pfn1 has also been known to inhibit migration of certain cells, including T cells, by suppressing branched-end elongation of actin filaments, we hypothesized that its roles in osteoclasts may be different from that of osteoblasts. By investigating the osteoclasts in culture, we first verified that Pfn1-knockdown (KD) enhances bone resorption in preosteoclastic RAW264.7 cells, despite having a comparable number and size of osteoclasts. Pfn1-KD in bone marrow cells showed similar results. Mechanistically, Pfn1-KD osteoclasts appeared more mobile than in controls. In vivo, the osteoclast-specific conditional Pfn1-deficient mice (Pfn1-cKO) by CathepsinK-Cre driver demonstrated postnatal skeletal phenotype, including dwarfism, craniofacial deformities, and long-bone metaphyseal osteolytic expansion, by 8 weeks of age. Metaphyseal and diaphyseal femurs were drastically expanded with suppressed trabecular bone mass as indicated by μCT analysis. Histologically, TRAP-positive osteoclasts were increased at endosteal metaphysis to diaphysis of Pfn1-cKO mice. The enhanced movement of Pfn1-cKO osteoclasts in culture was associated with a slight increase in cell size and podosome belt length, as well as an increase in bone-resorbing activity. Our study, for the first time, demonstrated that Pfn1 has critical roles in inhibiting osteoclast motility and bone resorption, thereby contributing to essential roles in postnatal skeletal homeostasis. Our study also provides novel insight into understanding skeletal deformities in human disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan.,Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University Yokohama Japan
| | - Shuhei Kajikawa
- Frontier Research Unit Skeletal Molecular Pharmacology Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Ralph T Böttcher
- Department of Molecular Medicine Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry Martinsried Germany
| | - Mercedes Costell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biology University of Valencia Spain
| | - Yayoi Izu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Hayata
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science Tokyo University of Science Noda CHIBA Japan
| | - Masaki Noda
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan.,Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital Yokohama Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoichi Ezura
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan.,Frontier Research Unit Skeletal Molecular Pharmacology Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Iwamoto DV, Huehn A, Simon B, Huet-Calderwood C, Baldassarre M, Sindelar CV, Calderwood DA. Structural basis of the filamin A actin-binding domain interaction with F-actin. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2018; 25:918-927. [PMID: 30224736 PMCID: PMC6173970 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-018-0128-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Actin-cross-linking proteins assemble actin filaments into higher-order structures essential for orchestrating cell shape, adhesion, and motility. Missense mutations in the tandem calponin homology domains of their actin-binding domains (ABDs) underlie numerous genetic diseases, but a molecular understanding of these pathologies is hampered by the lack of high-resolution structures of any actin-cross-linking protein bound to F-actin. Here, taking advantage of a high-affinity, disease-associated mutant of the human filamin A (FLNa) ABD, we combine cryo-electron microscopy and functional studies to reveal at near-atomic resolution how the first calponin homology domain (CH1) and residues immediately N-terminal to it engage actin. We further show that reorientation of CH2 relative to CH1 is required to avoid clashes with actin and to expose F-actin-binding residues on CH1. Our data explain localization of disease-associated loss-of-function mutations to FLNaCH1 and gain-of-function mutations to the regulatory FLNaCH2. Sequence conservation argues that this provides a general model for ABD-F-actin binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Huehn
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bertrand Simon
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Massimiliano Baldassarre
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Charles V Sindelar
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - David A Calderwood
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Martínez-López M, Navedo A, López De Mesa R, Cervera-Paz FJ. Otopalatodigital syndrome type I: New temporal bone CT-scan sign in a case with a de novo novel mutation. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2018; 70:306-309. [PMID: 30086887 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martínez-López
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Navarra Hospital and Medical School, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Navedo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Navarra Hospital and Medical School, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Reyes López De Mesa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Navarra Hospital and Medical School, Pamplona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Logjes RJH, Breugem CC, Van Haaften G, Paes EC, Sperber GH, van den Boogaard MJH, Farlie PG. The ontogeny of Robin sequence. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:1349-1368. [PMID: 29696787 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and concomitant airway obstruction defined as "Robin sequence" (RS) is caused by oropharyngeal developmental events constrained by a reduced stomadeal space. This sequence of abnormal embryonic development also results in an anatomical configuration that might predispose the fetus to a cleft palate. RS is heterogeneous and many different etiologies have been described including syndromic, RS-plus, and isolated forms. For an optimal diagnosis, subsequent treatment and prognosis, a thorough understanding of the embryology and pathogenesis is necessary. This manuscript provides an update about our current understanding of the development of the mandible, tongue, and palate and possible mechanisms involved in the development of RS. Additionally, we provide the reader with an up-to-date summary of the different etiologies of this phenotype and link this to the embryologic, developmental, and genetic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robrecht J H Logjes
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Corstiaan C Breugem
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs Van Haaften
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emma C Paes
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Geoffrey H Sperber
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Peter G Farlie
- Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Seppälä J, Bernardi RC, Haataja TJK, Hellman M, Pentikäinen OT, Schulten K, Permi P, Ylänne J, Pentikäinen U. Skeletal Dysplasia Mutations Effect on Human Filamins' Structure and Mechanosensing. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4218. [PMID: 28652603 PMCID: PMC5484675 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04441-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells' ability to sense mechanical cues in their environment is crucial for fundamental cellular processes, leading defects in mechanosensing to be linked to many diseases. The actin cross-linking protein Filamin has an important role in the conversion of mechanical forces into biochemical signals. Here, we reveal how mutations in Filamin genes known to cause Larsen syndrome and Frontometaphyseal dysplasia can affect the structure and therefore function of Filamin domains 16 and 17. Employing X-ray crystallography, the structure of these domains was first solved for the human Filamin B. The interaction seen between domains 16 and 17 is broken by shear force as revealed by steered molecular dynamics simulations. The effects of skeletal dysplasia associated mutations of the structure and mechanosensing properties of Filamin were studied by combining various experimental and theoretical techniques. The results showed that Larsen syndrome associated mutations destabilize or even unfold domain 17. Interestingly, those Filamin functions that are mediated via domain 17 interactions with other proteins are not necessarily affected as strongly interacting peptide binding to mutated domain 17 induces at least partial domain folding. Mutation associated to Frontometaphyseal dysplasia, in turn, transforms 16-17 fragment from compact to an elongated form destroying the force-regulated domain pair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonne Seppälä
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O Box 35, Survontie 9 C, FI-40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Rafael C Bernardi
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, 61801, USA
| | - Tatu J K Haataja
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O Box 35, Survontie 9 C, FI-40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Maarit Hellman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O Box 35, Survontie 9 C, FI-40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Olli T Pentikäinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O Box 35, Survontie 9 C, FI-40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Klaus Schulten
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, 61801, USA
| | - Perttu Permi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O Box 35, Survontie 9 C, FI-40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O Box 35, Survontie 9 C, FI-40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Jari Ylänne
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O Box 35, Survontie 9 C, FI-40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Ulla Pentikäinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O Box 35, Survontie 9 C, FI-40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wade EM, Jenkins ZA, Daniel PB, Morgan T, Addor MC, Adés LC, Bertola D, Bohring A, Carter E, Cho TJ, de Geus CM, Duba HC, Fletcher E, Hadzsiev K, Hennekam RCM, Kim CA, Krakow D, Morava E, Neuhann T, Sillence D, Superti-Furga A, Veenstra-Knol HE, Wieczorek D, Wilson LC, Markie DM, Robertson SP. Autosomal dominant frontometaphyseal dysplasia: Delineation of the clinical phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:1739-1746. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. Wade
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Zandra A. Jenkins
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Philip B. Daniel
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Tim Morgan
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Marie C. Addor
- Service de Génétique Médicale Maternité; CHUV Lausanne; Switzerland
| | - Lesley C. Adés
- Discipline of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney and Department of Clinical Genetics; The Children's Hospital,; Westmead Sydney Australia
| | - Debora Bertola
- Genetics Unity, Instituto da Criança; Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Axel Bohring
- Institut fur Humangenetik; Universitatsklinikum Munster; Germany
| | - Erin Carter
- Kathryn O. and Alan C. Greenberg Center for Skeletal Dysplasias; Hospital for Special Surgery; New York New York
| | - Tae-Joon Cho
- Division of Pediatric Orthopedics; Seoul National University Children's Hospital; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Christa M. de Geus
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen; University Medical Centre Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Christoph Duba
- Zentrum Medizinische Genetik Linz; Kepler Universitätsklinikum Medical Campus IV; Krankenhausstrasse Linz Austria
| | - Elaine Fletcher
- SE Scotland Clinical Genetics Service; Western General Hospital; Edinburgh United Kingdom
| | - Kinga Hadzsiev
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of Pécs; Pécs Hungary
| | - Raoul C. M. Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Chong A. Kim
- Genetics Unity, Instituto da Criança; Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Deborah Krakow
- David Geffen School of Medicine; UCLA; Los Angeles California
| | - Eva Morava
- Department of Pediatrics; University Hospital Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | | | - David Sillence
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Westmead Hospital, and Discipline of Genetic Medicine; Sydney Medical School; Sydney Australia
| | | | - Hermine E. Veenstra-Knol
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Louise C. Wilson
- Clinical Genetics Unit; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; London United Kingdom
| | - David M. Markie
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Stephen P. Robertson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wagner MW, Poretti A, Benson JE, Huisman TAGM. Neuroimaging Findings in Pediatric Genetic Skeletal Disorders: A Review. J Neuroimaging 2016; 27:162-209. [PMID: 28000960 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic skeletal disorders (GSDs) are a heterogeneous group characterized by an intrinsic abnormality in growth and (re-)modeling of cartilage and bone. A large subgroup of GSDs has additional involvement of other structures/organs beside the skeleton, such as the central nervous system (CNS). CNS abnormalities have an important role in long-term prognosis of children with GSDs and should consequently not be missed. Sensitive and specific identification of CNS lesions while evaluating a child with a GSD requires a detailed knowledge of the possible associated CNS abnormalities. Here, we provide a pattern-recognition approach for neuroimaging findings in GSDs guided by the obvious skeletal manifestations of GSD. In particular, we summarize which CNS findings should be ruled out with each GSD. The diseases (n = 180) are classified based on the skeletal involvement (1. abnormal metaphysis or epiphysis, 2. abnormal size/number of bones, 3. abnormal shape of bones and joints, and 4. abnormal dynamic or structural changes). For each disease, skeletal involvement was defined in accordance with Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Morphological CNS involvement has been described based on extensive literature search. Selected examples will be shown based on prevalence of the diseases and significance of the CNS involvement. CNS involvement is common in GSDs. A wide spectrum of morphological abnormalities is associated with GSDs. Early diagnosis of CNS involvement is important in the management of children with GSDs. This pattern-recognition approach aims to assist and guide physicians in the diagnostic work-up of CNS involvement in children with GSDs and their management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias W Wagner
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Poretti
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jane E Benson
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Thierry A G M Huisman
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wade E, Daniel P, Jenkins Z, McInerney-Leo A, Leo P, Morgan T, Addor M, Adès L, Bertola D, Bohring A, Carter E, Cho TJ, Duba HC, Fletcher E, Kim C, Krakow D, Morava E, Neuhann T, Superti-Furga A, Veenstra-Knol I, Wieczorek D, Wilson L, Hennekam R, Sutherland-Smith A, Strom T, Wilkie A, Brown M, Duncan E, Markie D, Robertson S. Mutations in MAP3K7 that Alter the Activity of the TAK1 Signaling Complex Cause Frontometaphyseal Dysplasia. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:392-406. [PMID: 27426733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontometaphyseal dysplasia (FMD) is a progressive sclerosing skeletal dysplasia affecting the long bones and skull. The cause of FMD in some individuals is gain-of-function mutations in FLNA, although how these mutations result in a hyperostotic phenotype remains unknown. Approximately one half of individuals with FMD have no identified mutation in FLNA and are phenotypically very similar to individuals with FLNA mutations, except for an increased tendency to form keloid scars. Using whole-exome sequencing and targeted Sanger sequencing in 19 FMD-affected individuals with no identifiable FLNA mutation, we identified mutations in two genes-MAP3K7, encoding transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-activated kinase (TAK1), and TAB2, encoding TAK1-associated binding protein 2 (TAB2). Four mutations were found in MAP3K7, including one highly recurrent (n = 15) de novo mutation (c.1454C>T [ p.Pro485Leu]) proximal to the coiled-coil domain of TAK1 and three missense mutations affecting the kinase domain (c.208G>C [p.Glu70Gln], c.299T>A [p.Val100Glu], and c.502G>C [p.Gly168Arg]). Notably, the subjects with the latter three mutations had a milder FMD phenotype. An additional de novo mutation was found in TAB2 (c.1705G>A, p.Glu569Lys). The recurrent mutation does not destabilize TAK1, or impair its ability to homodimerize or bind TAB2, but it does increase TAK1 autophosphorylation and alter the activity of more than one signaling pathway regulated by the TAK1 kinase complex. These findings show that dysregulation of the TAK1 complex produces a close phenocopy of FMD caused by FLNA mutations. Furthermore, they suggest that the pathogenesis of some of the filaminopathies caused by FLNA mutations might be mediated by misregulation of signaling coordinated through the TAK1 signaling complex.
Collapse
|
26
|
Maxillofacial Changes in Melnick-Needles Syndrome. Case Rep Dent 2016; 2016:9685429. [PMID: 27478655 PMCID: PMC4960323 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9685429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Melnick-Needles Syndrome is rare congenital hereditary skeletal dysplasia caused by mutations in the FLNA gene, which codifies the protein filamin A. This condition leads to serious skeletal abnormalities, including the stomatognathic region. Case Presentation. This paper describes the case of a 13-year-old girl diagnosed with Melnick-Needles Syndrome presenting with different forms of skeletal dysplasia, such as cranial hyperostosis, short upper limbs, bowed long bones, metaphyseal thickening, genu valgum (knock-knee), shortened distal phalanges, narrow pelvis and shoulders, rib tapering and irregularities, elongation of the vertebrae, kyphoscoliosis, micrognathia, hypoplastic coronoid processes of the mandible, left stylohyoid ligament suggesting ossification, and dental development anomalies. Conclusion. Knowledge of this rare syndrome on the part of dentists is important due to the fact that this condition involves severe abnormalities of the stomatognathic system that cause an impact on the development of the entire face as well as functional and esthetic impairments.
Collapse
|
27
|
Moutton S, Fergelot P, Naudion S, Cordier MP, Solé G, Guerineau E, Hubert C, Rooryck C, Vuillaume ML, Houcinat N, Deforges J, Bouron J, Devès S, Le Merrer M, David A, Geneviève D, Giuliano F, Journel H, Megarbane A, Faivre L, Chassaing N, Francannet C, Sarrazin E, Stattin EL, Vigneron J, Leclair D, Abadie C, Sarda P, Baumann C, Delrue MA, Arveiler B, Lacombe D, Goizet C, Coupry I. Otopalatodigital spectrum disorders: refinement of the phenotypic and mutational spectrum. J Hum Genet 2016; 61:693-9. [PMID: 27193221 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2016.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Otopalatodigital spectrum disorders (OPDSD) constitute a group of dominant X-linked osteochondrodysplasias including four syndromes: otopalatodigital syndromes type 1 and type 2 (OPD1 and OPD2), frontometaphyseal dysplasia, and Melnick-Needles syndrome. These syndromes variably associate specific facial and extremities features, hearing loss, cleft palate, skeletal dysplasia and several malformations, and show important clinical overlap over the different entities. FLNA gain-of-function mutations were identified in these conditions. FLNA encodes filamin A, a scaffolding actin-binding protein. Here, we report phenotypic descriptions and molecular results of FLNA analysis in a large series of 27 probands hypothesized to be affected by OPDSD. We identified 11 different missense mutations in 15 unrelated probands (n=15/27, 56%), of which seven were novel, including one of unknown significance. Segregation analyses within families made possible investigating 20 additional relatives carrying a mutation. This series allows refining the phenotypic and mutational spectrum of FLNA mutations causing OPDSD, and providing suggestions to avoid the overdiagnosis of OPD1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Moutton
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France.,Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Bordeaux, France
| | - Patricia Fergelot
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France.,Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Bordeaux, France.,Plateforme Génome Transcriptome, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Naudion
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Cordier
- CHU Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Department of Medical Genetics, Bron cedex, France
| | - Guilhem Solé
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Neurology, Fédération des Neurosciences Cliniques, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elodie Guerineau
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christophe Hubert
- Plateforme Génome Transcriptome, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline Rooryck
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France.,Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Laure Vuillaume
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France.,Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nada Houcinat
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France.,Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julie Deforges
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Julie Bouron
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Sylvie Devès
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Martine Le Merrer
- Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Department of Medical Genetics, INSERM U781, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris cedex, France
| | - Albert David
- CHU Nantes, Hôpital Mère-Enfant, Department of Medical Genetics, Nantes cedex, France
| | - David Geneviève
- CHRU Montpellier, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Department of Medical Genetics, Université Montpellier INSERM U1183, CLAD Sud Languedoc-Roussillon, Montpellier cedex, France
| | - Fabienne Giuliano
- CHU Nice, Hôpital l'Archet 2, Department of Medical Genetics, Nice cedex, France
| | - Hubert Journel
- Centre Hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique, Department of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, Vannes cedex, France
| | - André Megarbane
- Al-Jawhara Center, Department of Medical Genetics, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Laurence Faivre
- CHU Dijon, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence Anomalies de Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'inter-région Grand-Est, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon, France
| | - Nicolas Chassaing
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Department of Medical Genetics, UDEAR, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, CNRS, Toulouse cedex, France
| | - Christine Francannet
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital d'Estaing, Department of Medical Genetics, Clermont-Ferrand cedex, France
| | - Elisabeth Sarrazin
- CHU de Fort de France, Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman, Department of Neuropediatrics, Centre de Référence Caribéen des Maladies Rares Neurologiques et Neuromusculaires, Martinique, France
| | - Eva-Lena Stattin
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jacqueline Vigneron
- CHU Nancy, Maternité Régionale Adolphe Pinard, Department of Medical Genetics, Nancy cedex, France
| | - Danielle Leclair
- CHU Raymond Poincaré, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires, Garches, France
| | - Caroline Abadie
- CHRU Montpellier, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Department of Medical Genetics, Université Montpellier INSERM U1183, CLAD Sud Languedoc-Roussillon, Montpellier cedex, France
| | - Pierre Sarda
- CHRU Montpellier, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Department of Medical Genetics, Université Montpellier INSERM U1183, CLAD Sud Languedoc-Roussillon, Montpellier cedex, France
| | - Clarisse Baumann
- AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Department of Medical Genetics, CLAD Ile de France, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Ange Delrue
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Benoit Arveiler
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France.,Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Bordeaux, France
| | - Didier Lacombe
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France.,Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cyril Goizet
- CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Department of Medical Genetics, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux cedex, France.,Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Coupry
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Bordeaux, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Related Proteins as Regulators of Neural Stem and Progenitor Cell Function. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:2108495. [PMID: 26949399 PMCID: PMC4754494 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2108495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is a highly organised structure. Many signalling systems work in concert to ensure that neural stem cells are appropriately directed to generate progenitor cells, which in turn mature into functional cell types including projection neurons, interneurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Herein we explore the role of the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family, in particular family members LRP1 and LRP2, in regulating the behaviour of neural stem and progenitor cells during development and adulthood. The ability of LRP1 and LRP2 to bind a diverse and extensive range of ligands, regulate ligand endocytosis, recruit nonreceptor tyrosine kinases for direct signal transduction and signal in conjunction with other receptors, enables them to modulate many crucial neural cell functions.
Collapse
|
29
|
Naudion S, Moutton S, Coupry I, Sole G, Deforges J, Guerineau E, Hubert C, Deves S, Pilliod J, Rooryck C, Abel C, Le Breton F, Collardeau-Frachon S, Cordier M, Delezoide A, Goldenberg A, Loget P, Melki J, Odent S, Patrier S, Verloes A, Viot G, Blesson S, Bessières B, Lacombe D, Arveiler B, Goizet C, Fergelot P. Fetal phenotypes in otopalatodigital spectrum disorders. Clin Genet 2015; 89:371-7. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Naudion
- CHU Bordeaux, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire; Service de Génétique Médicale; Bordeaux France
| | - S. Moutton
- CHU Bordeaux, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire; Service de Génétique Médicale; Bordeaux France
- University Bordeaux, Laboratoire Maladies Rares; Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM); Bordeaux France
| | - I. Coupry
- University Bordeaux, Laboratoire Maladies Rares; Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM); Bordeaux France
| | - G. Sole
- University Bordeaux, Laboratoire Maladies Rares; Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM); Bordeaux France
- CHU Bordeaux; Fédération des Neurosciences Cliniques; Bordeaux France
| | - J. Deforges
- CHU Bordeaux, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire; Service de Génétique Médicale; Bordeaux France
| | - E. Guerineau
- University Bordeaux, Laboratoire Maladies Rares; Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM); Bordeaux France
| | - C. Hubert
- Plateforme Génome Transcriptome; Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - S. Deves
- CHU Bordeaux, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire; Service de Génétique Médicale; Bordeaux France
| | - J. Pilliod
- University Bordeaux, Laboratoire Maladies Rares; Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM); Bordeaux France
| | - C. Rooryck
- CHU Bordeaux, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire; Service de Génétique Médicale; Bordeaux France
- University Bordeaux, Laboratoire Maladies Rares; Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM); Bordeaux France
| | - C. Abel
- CHU Lyon, Service de Génétique; Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Lyon France
| | - F. Le Breton
- CHU Lyon, Service de Pathologie du Nord; Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse; Lyon France
| | | | - M.P. Cordier
- CHU Lyon, Service de Génétique Médicale; Hôpital Mère Enfant; Lyon France
| | - A.L. Delezoide
- APHP, Service de Biologie du Développement; Hôpital Robert Debré; Paris France
| | - A. Goldenberg
- CHU Rouen; Service de Génétique Médicale; Rouen France
| | - P. Loget
- CHU Rennes; Service d'Anatomie Cytologie Pathologique; Rennes France
| | - J. Melki
- INSERM U78, Laboratoire de Neurogénétique Moléculaire; Université de Paris XI; Paris France
| | - S. Odent
- CHU de Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique; Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement CLAD-Ouest, Hôpital Sud; Rennes France
| | - S. Patrier
- CHU Rouen; Service d'Anatomie Pathologique; Rouen France
| | - A. Verloes
- Département de Génétique, APHP-Hôpital universitaire Robert Debré; Université Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot-Paris 7, and INSERM UMR 1141; Paris France
| | - G. Viot
- APHP, Service de Génétique Médicale; Maternité Port-Royal; Paris France
| | - S. Blesson
- CHRU Tours, Service de Génétique; Hôpital Bretonneau; Tours France
| | - B. Bessières
- APHP, Service Histo-Embryologie et Cytogénétique; Hôpital Necker; Paris France
| | - D. Lacombe
- CHU Bordeaux, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire; Service de Génétique Médicale; Bordeaux France
- University Bordeaux, Laboratoire Maladies Rares; Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM); Bordeaux France
| | - B. Arveiler
- CHU Bordeaux, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire; Service de Génétique Médicale; Bordeaux France
- University Bordeaux, Laboratoire Maladies Rares; Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM); Bordeaux France
| | - C. Goizet
- CHU Bordeaux, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire; Service de Génétique Médicale; Bordeaux France
- University Bordeaux, Laboratoire Maladies Rares; Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM); Bordeaux France
| | - P. Fergelot
- CHU Bordeaux, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire; Service de Génétique Médicale; Bordeaux France
- University Bordeaux, Laboratoire Maladies Rares; Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM); Bordeaux France
- Plateforme Génome Transcriptome; Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bhabha FK, Walsh M, Orchard D, Savarirayan R. Terminal osseous dysplasia with pigmentary defects; Case and brief review of filamin A-related disorders. Australas J Dermatol 2015; 57:312-315. [DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maie Walsh
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services; Clinical Genetics
| | - David Orchard
- Royal Children's Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bertola D, Passos-Bueno MR, Pereira A, Kim C, Morgan T, Robertson SP. Recurrence of frontometaphyseal dysplasia in two sisters with a mutation inFLNAand an atypical paternal phenotype: Insights into genotype-phenotype correlation. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:1161-4. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debora Bertola
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Unidade de Genética do Instituto da Criança; São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Pereira
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sâo Paulo, Cardiology; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Chong Kim
- Instituto da Criança, Pediatrics; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Tim Morgan
- University of Otago; Dunedin School of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health; New Zealand
| | - Stephen P. Robertson
- University of Otago; Dunedin School of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health; New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hunter JM, Kiefer J, Balak CD, Jooma S, Ahearn ME, Hall JG, Baumbach-Reardon L. Review of X-linked syndromes with arthrogryposis or early contractures-aid to diagnosis and pathway identification. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:931-73. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse M. Hunter
- Integrated Functional Cancer Genomics; Translational Genomics Research Institute; Phoenix Arizona
| | - Jeff Kiefer
- Knowledge Mining; Translational Genomics Research Institute; Phoenix Arizona
| | - Christopher D. Balak
- Integrated Functional Cancer Genomics; Translational Genomics Research Institute; Phoenix Arizona
| | - Sonya Jooma
- Integrated Functional Cancer Genomics; Translational Genomics Research Institute; Phoenix Arizona
| | - Mary Ellen Ahearn
- Integrated Functional Cancer Genomics; Translational Genomics Research Institute; Phoenix Arizona
| | - Judith G. Hall
- Departments of Medical Genetics and Pediatrics; University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital Vancouver; British Columbia Canada
| | - Lisa Baumbach-Reardon
- Integrated Functional Cancer Genomics; Translational Genomics Research Institute; Phoenix Arizona
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Parrini E, Mei D, Pisanti MA, Catarzi S, Pucatti D, Bianchini C, Mascalchi M, Bertini E, Morrone A, Cavaliere ML, Guerrini R. Familial periventricular nodular heterotopia, epilepsy and Melnick–Needles Syndrome caused by a singleFLNAmutation with combined gain-of-function and loss-of-function effects. J Med Genet 2015; 52:405-12. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
34
|
Torres US, Portela-Oliveira E, Braga FDCB, Werner H, Daltro PAN, Souza AS. When Closure Fails: What the Radiologist Needs to Know About the Embryology, Anatomy, and Prenatal Imaging of Ventral Body Wall Defects. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2015; 36:522-36. [PMID: 26614134 DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ventral body wall defects (VBWDs) are one of the main categories of human congenital malformations, representing a wide and heterogeneous group of defects sharing a common feature, that is, herniation of one or more viscera through a defect in the anterior body wall. Gastroschisis and omphalocele are the 2 most common congenital VBWDs. Other uncommon anomalies include ectopia cordis and pentalogy of Cantrell, limb-body wall complex, and bladder and cloacal exstrophy. Although VBWDs are associated with multiple abnormalities with distinct embryological origins and that may affect virtually any system organs, at least in relation to anterior body wall defects, they are thought (except for omphalocele) to share a common embryologic mechanism, that is, a failure involving the lateral body wall folds responsible for closing the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic portions of the ventral body wall during the fourth week of development. Additionally, many of the principles of diagnosis and management are similar for these conditions. Fetal ultrasound (US) in prenatal care allows the diagnosis of most of such defects with subsequent opportunities for parental counseling and optimal perinatal management. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging may be an adjunct to US, providing global and detailed anatomical information, assessing the extent of defects, and also helping to confirm the diagnosis in equivocal cases. Prenatal imaging features of VBWDs may be complex and challenging, often requiring from the radiologist a high level of suspicion and familiarity with the imaging patterns. Because an appropriate management is dependent on an accurate diagnosis and assessment of defects, radiologists should be able to recognize and distinguish between the different VBWDs and their associated anomalies. In this article, we review the relevant embryology of VBWDs to facilitate understanding of the pathologic anatomy and diagnostic imaging approach. Features will be illustrated with prenatal US and magnetic resonance imaging and correlated with postnatal and clinical imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulysses S Torres
- Department of Radiology, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Portela-Oliveira
- Department of Radiology, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Heron Werner
- Clínica de Diagnóstico por Imagem, CDPI, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio Soares Souza
- Department of Radiology, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Paudyal P, Shrestha S, Madanayake T, Shuster CB, Rohrschneider LR, Rowland A, Lyons BA. Grb7 and Filamin-a associate and are colocalized to cell membrane ruffles upon EGF stimulation. J Mol Recognit 2014; 26:532-41. [PMID: 24089360 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Grb7 is an adaptor molecule mediating signal transduction from multiple cell surface receptors to diverse downstream pathways. Grb7, along with Grb10 and Grb14, make up the Grb7 protein family. This protein family has been shown to be overexpressed in certain cancers and cancer cell lines. Grb7 and a receptor tyrosine kinase, ErbB2, are overexpressed in 20-30% of breast cancers. Grb7 overexpression has been linked to enhanced cell migration and metastasis, although the participants in these pathways have not been fully determined. In this study, we report the Grb7 protein interacts with Filamin-a, an actin-crosslinking component of the cell cytoskeleton. Additionally, we have demonstrated the interaction between Grb7 and Flna is specific to the RA-PH domains of Grb7, and the immunoglobulin-like repeat 16-19 domains of Flna. We demonstrate that full-length Grb7 and Flna interact in the mammalian cellular environment, as well as in vitro. Immunofluorescent microscopy shows potential co-localization of Grb7 and Flna in membrane ruffles upon epidermal growth factor stimulation. These studies are amongst the first to establish a clear connection between Grb7 signaling and cytoskeletal remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Paudyal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ganigara A, Nishtala M, Chandrika YRV, Chandrakala KR. Airway management of a child with frontometaphyseal dysplasia (Gorlin Cohen syndrome). J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2014; 30:279-80. [PMID: 24803775 PMCID: PMC4009657 DOI: 10.4103/0970-9185.130100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontometaphyseal dysplasia (FMD), also called Gorlin-Cohen syndrome, is a rare hereditary X-linked dominant craniotubular bone disorder. The presentation describes the airway management of a 2-year-old child suffering from FMD with significant retrognathia, posted for major long bone corrective osteotomy. Induction with a combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine preceded a successful endotracheal intubation under spontaneous ventilation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Ganigara
- Department of Anesthesiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhavi Nishtala
- Department of Anesthesiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Girisha KM, Abdollahpour H, Shah H, Bhavani GS, Graham JM, Boggula VR, Phadke SR, Kutsche K. A syndrome of facial dysmorphism, cubital pterygium, short distal phalanges, swan neck deformity of fingers, and scoliosis. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:1035-40. [PMID: 24458843 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We report on an adolescent girl with sparse scalp hair, wide columella extending below alae nasi, webbing at elbows, broad finger tips, short distal phalanx of fingers, swan neck deformity of fingers, scoliosis, tall vertebrae, short fibulae, short fourth metatarsal bone, abnormal distal humeri, and unilateral clubfoot at birth. The combination of these features represents a novel phenotype. We sequenced the protein-coding regions of the FLNA and FLNB genes and did not observe any pathogenic sequence variation. Chromosomal microarray revealed a de novo copy number variation of uncertain clinical significance on 7p22.3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katta M Girisha
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mizuhashi K, Kanamoto T, Moriishi T, Muranishi Y, Miyazaki T, Terada K, Omori Y, Ito M, Komori T, Furukawa T. Filamin-interacting proteins, Cfm1 and Cfm2, are essential for the formation of cartilaginous skeletal elements. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:2953-67. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
|
39
|
Correction of spine deformity in patients with Melnick-needles syndrome: report of 2 cases and literature review. J Pediatr Orthop 2013; 33:170-4. [PMID: 23389572 DOI: 10.1097/bpo.0b013e3182776edb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS) is a rare X-linked dominant disorder affecting the skeletal system and connective tissue. To date, < 70 cases with MNS have been documented. Although few reports in the literature have shown that these patients might develop kyphoscoliosis, there is no report regarding long-term follow-up of patients with MNS undergo spine surgery. The aim of this study is to describe 2 unique cases of MNS with long-term follow-up after instrumented posterior spinal fusion, multiple-level Ponte osteotomies, and pedicle subtraction osteotomies. METHODS A 17-year-old female patient (patient 1) was evaluated for the first time at our institution. She was diagnosed with MNS, severe kyphoscoliosis, and restrictive lung disease. After pulmonary function improvement, she underwent posterior spinal fusion. Halo-femoral traction with gradual weight increase was used a week before spinal surgery. Surgical correction of her spinal deformity was achieved through a hooks-and-wires construct. The second patient was an 18-year-old female (patient 2) who carried the diagnosis of MNS when she was first seen at our institution. She had a significant thoracolumbar junction kyphosis and gibbous. She also suffered from significant pulmonary disease with a stent in her right main stem bronchus. A posterior procedure consisting of multiple-level Ponte osteotomies and pedicle subtraction osteotomy at L2 was carried out. RESULTS Eight- and 5-year follow-up of patients 1 and 2, respectively, demonstrated solid fusion, a well-maintained correction, and no evidence of implant breakage. CONCLUSIONS The reported cases add to the literature of excellent long-term results of spinal deformity correction with instrumented posterior spinal fusion in patients with MNS. Patients with this condition should be closely monitored from early childhood for the development of spine deformity so that early referral to a spine surgeon can be made followed by appropriate treatment, if necessary.
Collapse
|
40
|
Shah H, Bens S, Caliebe A, Graham JM, Girisha KM. Growth retardation, intellectual disability, facial anomalies, cataract, thoracic hypoplasia, and skeletal abnormalities: a novel phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:2941-5. [PMID: 22987502 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report on a 14-year-old girl with growth deficiency, microcephaly, intellectual disability, distinctive dysmorphic features (bulbous nose with wide nasal base, hypotelorism, deeply set eyes, protruding cupped ears, and thick lower lip), cataract, pigmentary retinopathy, hypoplastic thorax, kyphoscoliosis, and unusual skeletal changes but without chromosomal imbalances detected by array-CGH who probably represents a novel phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Shah
- Pediatric Orthopedics Service, Department of Orthopedics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Oudesluijs G, Simon MEH, Burggraaf RHJ, Waterham HR, Hennekam RCM. Abnormal facial appearance, body asymmetry, limb deformities, and internal malformations. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 158A:292-7. [PMID: 22140078 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We describe a newborn girl with multiple congenital anomalies and abnormal phenotype comprising underdeveloped corpus callosum with ventriculomegaly, chorioretinal atrophy, pulmonary arterial hypertension, annular pancreas, horseshoe kidney, asymmetric limb and chest anomalies, spinal segmentation defects, hypertrichosis, and unusual face with large anterior fontanel, high anterior hairline, broad forehead, mildly underdeveloped midface, hypertelorism, depressed nasal bridge, short and upturned nose, large mouth, retrognathia, and large and malformed ears. Work-up included cytogenetic studies of lymphocytes and skin fibroblasts, subtelomere Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA), whole-genome oligo-array, and molecular analysis of SETBP1 and NSDHL: no abnormalities were found. Mucopolysaccharide urinary excretion was elevated. Results of metabolic studies for sterol and peroxisomal abnormalities in fibroblasts were normal. Additional electronic microscopy studies in skin fibroblasts did not show evidence for storage in fibroblasts or lysosomal changes. Nosologic considerations allowed exclusion of Schinzel-Giedion and Urioste syndrome. This condition seems not to have been described before; a segregating Mendelian mutation is assumed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grétel Oudesluijs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Page RC, Clark JG, Misra S. Structure of filamin A immunoglobulin-like repeat 10 from Homo sapiens. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2011; 67:871-6. [PMID: 21821884 PMCID: PMC3151117 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309111024249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Filamin A (FlnA) plays a critical role in cytoskeletal organization, cell motility and cellular signaling. FlnA utilizes different binding sites on a series of 24 immunoglobulin-like domains (Ig repeats) to interact with diverse cytosolic proteins and with cytoplasmic portions of membrane proteins. Mutations in a specific domain, Ig10 (FlnA-Ig10), are correlated with two severe forms of the otopalatodigital syndrome spectrum disorders Melnick-Needles syndrome and frontometaphyseal dysplasia. The crystal structure of FlnA-Ig10 determined at 2.44 Å resolution provides insight into the perturbations caused by these mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Page
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Parrini E, Rivas IL, Toral JF, Pucatti D, Giglio S, Mei D, Guerrini R. In-frame deletion in FLNA causing familial periventricular heterotopia with skeletal dysplasia in males. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:1140-6. [PMID: 21484998 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Periventricular heterotopia (PH) is an etiologically heterogeneous disorder characterized by nodules of neurons ectopically placed along the lateral ventricles. Truncating and missense mutations of the FLNA gene have been identified in almost 100% of families and 26% of sporadic patients with PH. The otopalatodigital syndrome spectrum is caused by distinct FLNA missense mutations or in-frame deletions disrupting the development of craniofacial and long bones. We report on a clinical, neuroimaging, X-ray, and molecular study of a family in which classical bilateral PH appeared as an isolated anatomic feature in the mother and was associated with skeletal abnormalities and facial dysmorphisms in her two sons. Both boys exhibited PH associated with flat face and spatulate finger tips, short broad phalanx and metacarpus, and bowed radius with dislocated wrist joints. All three patients harbored the c.7865_7870del in-frame deletion (p.2622_2623delDK) in the carboxyl-terminal domain (repeat 24) of FLNA. The X-inactivation observed in the mother was skewed towards the mutant allele, resulting in the preferential expression of the wild-type allele. The in-frame deletion in the carboxyl-terminal domain of FLNA caused a phenotype in which PH was associated with skeletal features suggestive of the otopalatodigital syndrome spectrum in boys. There appears to be a continuum among allelic disorders due to FLNA mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Parrini
- Pediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Children's Hospital A. Meyer-University of Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cejudo-Martin P, Courtneidge SA. Podosomal proteins as causes of human syndromes: a role in craniofacial development? Genesis 2011; 49:209-21. [PMID: 21328520 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.20732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Podosomes and invadopodia are actin-rich protrusions of the plasma membrane important for matrix degradation and cell migration. Most of the information in this field has been obtained in cancer cells, where the presence of invadopodia has been related to increased invasiveness and metastatic potential. The importance of the related podosome structure in other pathological or physiological processes that require cell invasion is relatively unexplored. Recent evidence indicates that essential components of podosomes are responsible for several human syndromes, some of which are characterized by serious developmental defects involving the craniofacial area, skeleton and heart, and very poor prognosis. Here we will review them and discuss the possible role of podosomes as a player in correct embryo development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Cejudo-Martin
- Tumor Microenvironment Program, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Terminal osseous dysplasia is caused by a single recurrent mutation in the FLNA gene. Am J Hum Genet 2010; 87:146-53. [PMID: 20598277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Terminal osseous dysplasia (TOD) is an X-linked dominant male-lethal disease characterized by skeletal dysplasia of the limbs, pigmentary defects of the skin, and recurrent digital fibroma with onset in female infancy. After performing X-exome capture and sequencing, we identified a mutation at the last nucleotide of exon 31 of the FLNA gene as the most likely cause of the disease. The variant c.5217G>A was found in six unrelated cases (three families and three sporadic cases) and was not found in 400 control X chromosomes, pilot data from the 1000 Genomes Project, or the FLNA gene variant database. In the families, the variant segregated with the disease, and it was transmitted four times from a mildly affected mother to a more seriously affected daughter. We show that, because of nonrandom X chromosome inactivation, the mutant allele was not expressed in patient fibroblasts. RNA expression of the mutant allele was detected only in cultured fibroma cells obtained from 15-year-old surgically removed material. The variant activates a cryptic splice site, removing the last 48 nucleotides from exon 31. At the protein level, this results in a loss of 16 amino acids (p.Val1724_Thr1739del), predicted to remove a sequence at the surface of filamin repeat 15. Our data show that TOD is caused by this single recurrent mutation in the FLNA gene.
Collapse
|
46
|
Santos HH, Garcia PP, Pereira L, Leão LL, Aguiar RAPL, Lana AMA, Carvalho MRS, Aguiar MJB. Mutational analysis of two boys with the severe perinatally lethal Melnick-Needles syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:726-31. [PMID: 20186808 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS) (OMIM 309350) is a rare, X-linked dominant condition, caused by mutations in the filamin A gene (FLNA, on Xq28). In females, the syndrome presents with bone dysplasia and characteristic facial changes. Affected males may show two different phenotypes. One is similar to the female phenotype and is seen in children born to unaffected mothers and suggesting new mutations. Alternatively, males born to affected mothers have an embryonic or perinatally lethal disorder. It has been claimed that MNS constitutes part of a spectrum including frontometaphyseal dysplasia, otopalatodigital syndrome type 1 (OPD1) and otopalatodigital syndrome type 2 (OPD2). These conditions are produced by different mutations in the filamin A gene (FLNA). MNS is caused by three different mutations in FLNA exon 22, to date detected only in females. We describe the clinical manifestations and present the results of FLNA exon 22 mutations screening in two boys with the perinatally lethal form of MNS and their affected mothers. In order to obtain DNA amplification from paraffin-embedded tissues, we designed a new method based on hemi-nested PCR. One of the children (and his mother) had a previously undescribed mutation produced by a double SNP in the positions 3776 and 3777 of the gene and leading to an amino acid substitution (NP_001447:p.[Gly1176Asp]). The second child (and his mother) had an already known mutation (NP_001447.2:p[.Ser1199Leu]). This is the first report confirming the presence FLNA mutations in boys with the perinatally lethal phenotype of MNS. (
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena H Santos
- Serviço Especial de Genética, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Faden MA, Krakow D, Ezgu F, Rimoin DL, Lachman RS. The Erlenmeyer flask bone deformity in the skeletal dysplasias. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:1334-45. [PMID: 19444897 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Erlenmeyer flask bone deformity (EFD) is a long-standing term used to describe a specific abnormality of the distal femora. The deformity consists of lack of modeling of the di-metaphysis with abnormal cortical thinning and lack of the concave di-metaphyseal curve resulting in an Erlenmeyer flask-like appearance. Utilizing a literature review and cohort study of 12 disorders we found 20 distinct disorders were associated with EFD. We interrogated the International Skeletal Dysplasia Registry (ISDR) radiographic database (1988-2007) to determine which skeletal dysplasias or syndromes were highly associated with EFD, whether it was a uniform finding in these disorders, and if forms of EFD could be differentiated. EFD was classified into three groups. The first catogory was the typical EFD shaped bone (EFD-T) resultant from absent normal di-metaphyseal modeling with relatively normal appearing radiographic trabecular bone. EFD-T was identified in: frontometaphyseal dysplasia, craniometaphyseal dysplasia, craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, diaphyseal dysplasia-Engelmann type, metaphyseal dysplasia-Pyle type, Melnick-Needles osteodysplasty, and otopalatodigital syndrome type I. The second group was the atypical type (EFD-A) due to absence of normal di-metaphyseal modeling with abnormal radiographic appearance of trabecular bone and was seen in dysosteosclerosis and osteopetrosis. The third group was EFD-marrow expansion type (EFD-ME) in which bone marrow hyperplasia or infiltration leads to abnormal modeling (e.g., Gaucher disease). Further, radiographic review determined that it was not always a consistent finding and that there was variability in both appearance and location within the skeleton. This analysis and classification aided in differentiating disorders with the finding of EFD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maha A Faden
- Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Riyadh Medical Complex Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Uyanik G, Hehr U. Angeborene Hirnfehlbildungen und geistige Behinderung. MED GENET-BERLIN 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11825-009-0165-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Hirnfehlbildungen sind klinisch und genetisch bedeutsame Ursachen für psychomotorische Entwicklungsstörungen und Epilepsien. Die diagnostische Einordnung erfolgt durch bildgebende Verfahren und ist die Grundlage für eine individuelle genetische Abklärung und für zuverlässige prognostische Aussagen. Für einen beträchtlichen Teil der Hirnfehlbildungen sind die molekularen Ursachen bereits bekannt. Mutationen in diesen Genen können mit milden Verlaufsformen assoziiert sein, bis hin zur geistigen Behinderung ohne strukturelle Hirnfehlbildungen. Die Aufklärung der molekulargenetischen Ursachen von Hirnfehlbildungen trägt zum besseren Verständnis der Gehirnentwicklung bei und eröffnet gleichzeitig neue Einsichten in die Pathophysiologie von geistiger Behinderung und Epilepsie. Darüber hinaus ermöglicht sie die Erkennung und individuelle genetische Beratung von Anlageträgern und ist eine Voraussetzung für die pränatale molekulargenetische Diagnostik in Risikofamilien.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G. Uyanik
- Aff1_165 grid.13648.38 0000000121803484 Institut für Humangenetik, Campus-Forschung, Gebäude 146 Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistraße 52 20246 Hamburg Deutschland
| | - U. Hehr
- Aff2_165 grid.7727.5 0000000121905763 Zentrum und Institut für Humangenetik Universität Regensburg Regensburg Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mann S, Blinman TA, Douglas Wilson R. Prenatal and postnatal management of omphalocele. Prenat Diagn 2008; 28:626-32. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
50
|
Chen CP. Syndromes and Disorders Associated with Omphalocele (III): Single Gene Disorders, Neural Tube Defects, Diaphragmatic Defects and Others. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2007; 46:111-20. [PMID: 17638618 DOI: 10.1016/s1028-4559(07)60004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Omphalocele can be associated with single gene disorders, neural tube defects, diaphragmatic defects, fetal valproate syndrome, and syndromes of unknown etiology. This article provides a comprehensive review of omphalocele-related disorders: otopalatodigital syndrome type II; Melnick-Needles syndrome; Rieger syndrome; neural tube defects; Meckel syndrome; Shprintzen-Goldberg omphalocele syndrome; lethal omphalocele-cleft palate syndrome; cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome; fetal valproate syndrome; Marshall-Smith syndrome; fibrochondrogenesis; hydrolethalus syndrome; Fryns syndrome; omphalocele, diaphragmatic defects, radial anomalies and various internal malformations; diaphragmatic defects, limb deficiencies and ossification defects of skull; Donnai-Barrow syndrome; CHARGE syndrome; Goltz syndrome; Carpenter syndrome; Toriello-Carey syndrome; familial omphalocele; Cornelia de Lange syndrome; C syndrome; Elejalde syndrome; Malpuech syndrome; cervical ribs, Sprengel anomaly, anal atresia and urethral obstruction; hydrocephalus with associated malformations; Kennerknecht syndrome; lymphedema, atrial septal defect and facial changes; and craniosynostosismental retardation syndrome of Lin and Gettig. Perinatal identification of omphalocele should alert one to the possibility of omphalocele-related disorders and familial inheritance and prompt a thorough genetic counseling for these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|