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Tolomeo M, Cascio A. STAT4 and STAT6, their role in cellular and humoral immunity and in diverse human diseases. Int Rev Immunol 2024:1-25. [PMID: 39188021 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2024.2395274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 4 and STAT6 play a crucial role in immune cells by transducing signals from specific cytokine receptors, and inducing transcription of genes involved in cell-mediated and humoral immunity. These two different defense mechanisms against pathogens are regulated by two specific CD4+ T helper (Th) cells known as Th1 and Th2 cells. Many studies have shown that several diseases including cancer, inflammatory, autoimmune and allergic diseases are associated with a Th1/Th2 imbalance caused by increased or decreased expression/activity of STAT4 or STAT6 often due to genetic and epigenetic aberrances. An altered expression of STAT4 has been observed in different tumors and autoimmune diseases, while a dysregulation of STAT6 signaling pathway is frequently observed in allergic conditions, such as atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, food allergy, and tumors such as Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Recently, dysregulations of STAT4 and STAT6 expression have been observed in SARS-CoV2 and monkeypox infections, which are still public health emergencies in many countries. SARS-CoV-2 can induce an imbalance in Th1 and Th2 responses with a predominant activation of STAT6 in the cytosol and nuclei of pneumocytes that drives Th2 polarization and cytokine storm. In monkeypox infection the virus can promote an immune evasion by inducing a Th2 response that in turn inhibits the Th1 response essential for virus elimination. Furthermore, genetic variations of STAT4 that are associated with an increased risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus seem to play a role in defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Tolomeo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, A.O.U.P. Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Cascio
- Department of Infectious Diseases, A.O.U.P. Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Palermo, Italy
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Ptaschinski C, Gibbs BF. Early-life risk factors which govern pro-allergic immunity. Semin Immunopathol 2024; 46:9. [PMID: 39066790 PMCID: PMC11283399 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-024-01020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Allergic diseases affect up to 40% of the global population with a substantial rise in food allergies, in particular, over the past decades. For the majority of individuals with allergy fundamental programming of a pro-allergic immune system largely occurs in early childhood where it is crucially governed by prenatal genetic and environmental factors, including their interactions. These factors include several genetic aberrations, such as filaggrin loss-of-function mutations, early exposure to respiratory syncytial virus, and various chemicals such as plasticizers, as well as the influence of the gut microbiome and numerous lifestyle circumstances. The effects of such a wide range of factors on allergic responses to an array of potential allergens is complex and the severity of these responses in a clinical setting are subsequently not easy to predict at the present time. However, some parameters which condition a pro-allergic immune response, including severe anaphylaxis, are becoming clearer. This review summarises what we currently know, and don't know, about the factors which influence developing pro-allergic immunity particularly during the early-life perinatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Ptaschinski
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Bernhard F Gibbs
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, North Holmes Road, Canterbury, Kent, CT1 1QU, UK.
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Del Refugio Morfin Maciel BM, Álvarez Castelló M. [Risk factors for food allergy]. REVISTA ALERGIA MÉXICO 2023; 70:214-221. [PMID: 38506859 DOI: 10.29262/ram.v70i4.1329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergy is the result of genetic and environmental interactions, including time, route, and dose of food exposure in susceptible patients. Risk factors can be: 1) genetic and 2) environmental, and these, in turn, are divided into prenatal, perinatal and postnatal. Food allergy appears frequently and depends on multiple risk factors (genetic and environmental), which in turn are divided into: prenatal, natal and postnatal factors; They participate in the expression of the disease and clinical intervention is not possible in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca María Del Refugio Morfin Maciel
- Alergóloga Pediatra, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría; Académico numerario de la Academia Mexicana de Pediatría; Maestría en Ciencias Mé-dicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Alergóloga, Hospital San Ángel Inn Chapultepec, Ciudad de
| | - Mirta Álvarez Castelló
- Doctor en Ciencias médicas, Especialista en Medicina General Integral y Alergología; Hospital Universitario General Calixto García; Investigadora Titular; Profesora auxiliar
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Ansotegui Zubeldia IJ, Fiocchi A. [Introduction to food allergy]. REVISTA ALERGIA MÉXICO 2023; 70:208-210. [PMID: 38506857 DOI: 10.29262/ram.v70i4.1308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Food allergy is a common chronic disorder that affects infants, children, adolescents, and adults. The prevalence of food allergy has increased in recent decades throughout the world, not limited to Western countries. Since there is no treatment, this focuses on avoiding allergens, in addition to educating patients and caregivers in the emergency treatment of acute reactions, for example: application of epinephrine. Studies suggest that accidental reactions occur in about 45% of children with food allergies each year, although most reactions are mild or moderate in severity. Hospital admissions for food anaphylaxis vary from 4 to 20 per 100,000 inhabitants; Deaths are rare, with an estimated incidence of 0.03 to 0.3 per million people with food allergy. Death from food anaphylaxis is rare and appears to have remained stable, possibly due to increases in food allergen labeling, diagnostic services, rates of intramuscular epinephrine prescription, and awareness of food allergies. Omalizumab is a drug approved for several disorders (chronic hives or difficult asthma) and may help reduce symptoms associated with food allergy. The relative importance of alternative technologies, management strategies and policies for food allergy varies from one region to another, due to differences in the epidemiology, education, socioeconomic well-being, and cultural preferences of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Javier Ansotegui Zubeldia
- Director Médico Ejecutivo, Expresidente de la Organización Mundial de Alergia (WAO). Jefe del Departamento de Alergia e Inmunología, Hospital Quironsalud, Bizkaia, Bilbao,
| | - Alessandro Fiocchi
- Director responsable de la S.C. de Pediatría, Hospital Materno Infantil Macedonio Melloni, Milán, Italia. Director del Departamento Materno Infantil, Hospital Fatebenefratelli-Ophthalmic de Milán, Italia. Profesor adjunto de la Escuela de Es-pecialización en Pediatría III, Universidad de Milán y Consejero de la Sociedad Italiana de Pediatría, Sección Lombarda. Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesú IRCCS Allergy division, Roma, Italia
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Vitamin D and Omega-3 (Fatty Acid) Supplementation in Pregnancy for the Primary Prevention of Food Allergy in Children-Literature Review. CHILDREN 2023; 10:children10030468. [PMID: 36980026 PMCID: PMC10047068 DOI: 10.3390/children10030468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
During the last decades the prevalence of food allergy (FA), an adverse immune response to a specific food antigen, has risen, with negative effects on the quality of life (QoL) of many children and their families. The pathogenesis of FA is complex, involving both genetic and environmental factors. SPINK5, STAT6, HLA and FOXP3 are some of the genes that are reported to be implicated in FA development. Regarding environmental factors, particular interest has been focused on modification of the dietary habits of pregnant women for the primary prevention of FA. Specifically, Vitamin D and omega-3 (Ω-3) fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy may influence the development of FA in the offspring. Vitamin D is a hormone with various actions, including mediation of the immune system, reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines and promoting tolerance. Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy suppresses T-regulatory cells in the fetus, and Vitamin D supplementation might protect against FA development. Dietary Ω-3 fatty acids are found mainly in fish and vegetable oils. They are beneficial for human health, playing a role in the immune system as anti-inflammatory agents, and providing cell membrane stabilization with inhibition of antigen presentation. It is documented that maternal supplementation with Ω-3 during pregnancy may protect from allergic sensitization in the children. The aim of this literature review was to explore the potential preventive role of maternal supplementation during pregnancy with Vitamin D and Ω-3 in the development of FA in the offspring. With the prevalence of FA rising, all the possible protective mechanisms and measures for FA prevention need to be explored, starting with those that can be modified.
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Ganesan V, Sharma A, Tomar S, Schuler CF, Hogan SP. IL-4 receptor alpha signaling alters oral food challenge and immunotherapy outcomes in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:182-191.e6. [PMID: 35934083 PMCID: PMC11157665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergy diagnosis and management causes a number of social and emotional challenges for individuals with food allergies and their caregivers. This has led to increased interest in developing approaches to accurately predict food allergy diagnosis, severity of food allergic reactions, and treatment outcomes. However, the utility of these approaches is somewhat conflicting. OBJECTIVE We sought to develop and utilize a murine model that mimics the disease course of food allergy diagnosis and treatment in humans and to identify biomarkers that predict reactivity during food challenge (FC) and responsiveness during oral immunotherapy (OIT) and how these outcomes are modified by genetics. METHODS Skin-sensitized intestinal IL-9 transgenic (IL9Tg) and IL9Tg mice backcrossed onto the IL-4RαY709F background received a single intragastric exposure of egg antigen (ovalbumin), underwent oral FC and OIT; food allergy severity, mast cell activation, and ovalbumin-specific IgE levels were examined to determine the predictability of these outcomes in determining reactivity and treatment outcomes. RESULTS Subcutaneous sensitization and a single intragastric allergen challenge of egg antigen to BALB/c IL9Tg mice and Il4raY709F IL9Tg induced a food allergic reaction. Enhanced IL-4Rα signaling altered the symptoms induced by the first oral exposure, decreased the cumulative antigen dose, increased the severity of reaction during oral FC, and altered the frequency of adverse events and OIT outcomes. Biomarkers after first oral exposure indicated that only the severity of the initial reaction significantly correlated with cumulative dose of oral FC. CONCLUSION Collectively, these data indicate that single nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-4Rα can alter clinical symptoms of food allergic reactions, severity, and reactive dose during FC and OIT, and that severity of first reaction can predict the likelihood of reaction during FC in mice with IL-4Rα gain of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Ganesan
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Ankit Sharma
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Sunil Tomar
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Charles F Schuler
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Simon P Hogan
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
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Jiao L, Su CW, Cao T, Zheng S, Walker WA, Shi HN. Maternal Influences and Intervention Strategies on the Development of Food Allergy in Offspring. Front Immunol 2022; 13:817062. [PMID: 35281070 PMCID: PMC8904425 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.817062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergies and other immune-mediated diseases have become serious health concerns amongst infants and children in developed and developing countries. The absence of available cures limits disease management to allergen avoidance and symptomatic treatments. Research has suggested that the presence of maternal food allergies may expose the offspring to genetic predisposition, making them more susceptible to allergen sensitization. The following review has focused on epidemiologic studies regarding maternal influences of proneness to develop food allergy in offspring. The search strategy was "food allergy OR maternal effects OR offspring OR prevention". A systematically search from PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct and Google Scholar was conducted. Specifically, it discussed the effects of maternal immunity, microbiota, breastfeeding, genotype and allergy exposure on the development of food allergy in offspring. In addition, several commonly utilized prenatal and postpartum strategies to reduce food allergy proneness were presented, including early diagnosis of high-risk infants and various dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lefei Jiao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Chien-Wen Su
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Tinglan Cao
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Shasha Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, California Baptist University, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - W. Allan Walker
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Hai Ning Shi
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
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Baghlaf MA, Eid NMS. Prevalence, Risk Factors, Clinical Manifestation, Diagnosis Aspects and Nutrition Therapy in Relation to both IgE and IgG Cow’s Milk Protein Allergies among a Population of Saudi Arabia: A Literature Review. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.9.2.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cow milk protein allergy (CMPA) becoming a major public health issue that has attracted the attention of health professionals and researchers. This paper aimed to review the important aspects of both IgE and IgG types of cow’s milk protein allergy in terms of prevalence, clinical manifestation, risk factors, other health-related issues and nutritional therapy proposed for such allergies in the adult and pediatric population in Saudi Arabia. A search on “cow’s milk allergy” was done using PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus Engine for published papers between 1993 and 2020 to find studies yielding knowledge on that context. The prevalence of cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) among infants is now in the range of 2–3%. This type of allergy is also detected in adulthood but less frequently. CMPA is defined as an immunological reaction to specific proteins in milk. CMPA is classified based on its type as an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated form and an immunoglobulin G (IgG)-mediated form, each type representing different immunological pathways. The presence of Genetic aspects, family history and short duration of breastfeeding in the infant are among the risk factors contributing to this form of allergy. Its manifestations mainly present as skin presentation, followed by the gastrointestinal and respiratory presentation in most cases in addition to a life-threatening anaphylactic reaction that may occur in 12% of cases. food allergy committees have developed strict diagnosis criteria, including blood testing for food-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE), a skin prick test and double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFC) as the gold standard. A diet free of cow’s milk protein (CMP) allergen and including the appropriate alternative milk formula is the first line of prevention recommended by many organizations and food allergy experts. As for Saudi Arabia, more research and clinical trials are required to discuss the various aspects of adult and pediatric CMPA and to provide a better understanding along with good control strategies implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashail A Baghlaf
- 1Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura M S Eid
- 2Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Nutrition, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
The risk factors for food allergy (FA) include both genetic variants and environmental factors. Advances using both candidate-gene association studies and genome-wide approaches have led to the identification of FA-associated genes involved in immune responses and skin barrier functions. Epigenetic changes have also been associated with the risk of FA. In this chapter, we outline current understanding of the genetics, epigenetics and the interplay with environmental risk factors associated with FA. Future studies of gene-environment interactions, gene-gene interactions, and multi-omics integration may help shed light on the mechanisms of FA, and lead to improved diagnostic and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Johansson
- Division of Asthma Research, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Tesfaye B Mersha
- Division of Asthma Research, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA.
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Ptaschinski C, Rasky AJ, Fonseca W, Lukacs NW. Stem Cell Factor Neutralization Protects From Severe Anaphylaxis in a Murine Model of Food Allergy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:604192. [PMID: 33786039 PMCID: PMC8005333 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.604192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Food allergy is a growing public health problem with ~15 million people affected in the United States. In allergic food disease, IgE on mast cells bind to ingested antigens leading to the activation and degranulation of mast cells. Stem cell factor (SCF) is mast cell growth and activation factor that is required for peripheral tissue mast cells. We targeted a specific isoform of SCF, the larger 248 amino acid form, that drives peripheral tissue mast cell differentiation using a specific monoclonal antibody in a model of food allergy. Ovalbumin sensitized and intragastrically challenged mice were monitored for symptoms of anaphylaxis including respiratory distress, diarrhea, and a reduction in body temperature. During the second week of challenges, allergic mice were injected with an antibody to block SCF248 or given IgG control. Mice treated with α-SCF248 had a decreased incidence of diarrhea and no reduction in body temperature suggesting a reduction in anaphylaxis compared to IgG control treated animals. Re-stimulated mesenteric lymph nodes indicated that α-SCF248 treated mice had decreased OVA-specific Th2 cytokine production compared to IgG control treated allergic animals. The reduction of food induced anaphylaxis was accompanied by a significant reduction in gut leak. The mesenteric lymph node cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and showed a decrease in the number of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in mice injected with α-SCF248. Morphometric enumeration of esterase+ mast cells demonstrated a significant reduction throughout the small intestine. Using a more chronic model of persistent food-induced anaphylaxis, short term therapeutic treatment with α-SCF248 during established disease effectively blocked food induced anaphylaxis. Together, these data suggest that therapeutically blocking SCF248 in food allergic animals can reduce the severity of food allergy by reducing mast cell mediated disease activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Ptaschinski
- Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Wendy Fonseca
- Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nicholas W Lukacs
- Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Current insights into the genetics of food allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 147:15-28. [PMID: 33436162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy (FA), a growing public health burden in the United States, and familial aggregation studies support strong roles for both genes and environment in FA risk. Deepening our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving FAs is paramount to improving its prevention, diagnosis, and clinical management. In this review, we document lessons learned from the genetics of FA that have aided our understanding of these mechanisms. Although current genetic association studies suffer from low power, heterogeneity in definition of FA, and difficulty in our ability to truly disentangle FA from food sensitization (FS) and general atopy genetics, they reveal a set of genetic loci, genes, and variants that continue to implicate the importance of barrier and immune function genes across the atopic march, and FA in particular. The largest reported effects on FA are from MALT1 (odds ratio, 10.99), FLG (average odds ratio, ∼2.9), and HLA (average odds ratio, ∼2.03). The biggest challenge in the field of FA genetics is to elucidate the specific mechanism of action on FA risk and pathogenesis for these loci, and integrative approaches including genetics/genomics with transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics will be critical next steps to translating these genetic insights into practice.
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Laha A, Ghosh A, Moitra S, Saha I, Kumar Saha G, Bhattacharya S, Podder S. Association of the STAT6 rs3024974 (C/T) Polymorphism with IgE-Mediated Food Sensitization among West Bengal Population in India. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2019; 181:200-210. [PMID: 31865311 DOI: 10.1159/000504575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Genetic polymorphisms associated with IgE-mediated food sensitization have been a robust area of research for decades. A genome-wide search for susceptible loci regulating the IgE response (atopy) identified the candidate gene STAT6, which is important in the context of food allergic manifestations. OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to investigate the sensitization of West Bengal population against some common allergenic food items and to study the role of the STAT6 gene polymorphism in elevating food-specific IgE levels among sensitized individuals. METHODS Skin prick test was performed for 6 food items among 501 patients (126 children, 85 adolescents, and 290 adults)from West Bengal, India. Among them, 165 patients were selected for measurement of total IgE and food-specific IgE levels along with 165 controls. Finally, the STAT6 (rs3024974 (C/T) polymorphism was genotyped in 139 cases and control subjects. RESULTS Shrimp was identified as a dominant food allergen in adolescents and adults, whereas milk sensitization was highest in children. Food-sensitized patients with onset during childhood had significantly higher total IgE levels compared to patients with onset during adulthood (p < 0.00001). The frequency of the rs3024974 CC genotype in both cases and control subjects (55.40 and 46.76%, respectively) was higher than that of CT or TT. Patients with childhood onset bearing the CC genotype had significantly higher specific IgE levels in comparison to those with adult onset (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Food sensitization has a genetic background and the rs3024974 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility and reaction severity in food-sensitized patients in West Bengal population in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Laha
- Allergology and Applied Entomology Research Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Barasat Government College, Kolkata, India
| | - Amlan Ghosh
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Ishita Saha
- Department of Physiology, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Srijit Bhattacharya
- Postgraduate Department of Physics, Barasat Government College, Kolkata, India
| | - Sanjoy Podder
- Allergology and Applied Entomology Research Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Barasat Government College, Kolkata, India,
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Nibbering B, Ubags NDJ. Microbial interactions in the atopic march. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 199:12-23. [PMID: 31777060 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human body is populated by a large number of microorganisms and exist in symbiosis with these immensely diverse communities, which are suggested to influence health and disease. The microbiota plays an essential role in the maturation and function of the immune system. The prevalence of atopic diseases has increased drastically over the past decades, and the co-occurrence of multiple allergic diseases and allergic sensitization starting in early life has gained a great deal of attention. Immune responses in different organs affected by allergic diseases (e.g. skin, intestine and lung) may be linked to microbial changes in peripheral tissues. In the current review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of microbial interactions in allergic diseases and their potential role in the atopic march.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nibbering
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N D J Ubags
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Cardoso C, Provinciatto P, Godoi D, Fonseca M, Ferreira B, Teixeira G, Cunha F, Pinzan C, da Silva J. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT-6) mediates Th2 inflammation and tissue damage in a murine model of peanut-induced food allergy. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2019; 47:535-543. [PMID: 31196774 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Food allergies are inflammatory conditions mediated by Th2 and probably STAT-6 dependent immune responses. OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Here we investigated the role of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 6 (STAT-6) in development of inflammation in peanut allergy. METHODS To induce food allergy, wild-type (WT) and mice deficient for STAT-6 (Stat6-/-) were sensitized with peanut proteins and challenged with peanut seeds. RESULTS WT animals lost weight and refused the peanut diet, in contrast to Stat6-/- mice, which had a better maintenance of body weight and more regular seeds' consumption. The augmented peanut-specific IgG, IgG1 and IgE in the allergic WT was abolished in Stat6-/- animals that also presented increased IgG2a. There was an overall reduction in the gut mediators in the absence of STAT-6, including those related to inflammatory and Th2 responses, in contrast to a rising counter regulatory and Th1 reaction in Stat-6-/- mice. These animals had IFN-γ and IL-10 similar to WT after the four-week challenge. Most interestingly, Stat-6-/- mice had no intestinal damage, in contrast to WT animals, which had inflammatory infiltrate, tissue destruction, epithelial exulceration, edema, congestion and loss of villous architecture in the small gut segments. CONCLUSIONS STAT-6 plays an important role in the establishment of the Th2 inflammatory responses and intestinal damage in peanut allergy.
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Suaini NHA, Wang Y, Soriano VX, Martino DJ, Allen KJ, Ellis JA, Koplin JJ. Genetic determinants of paediatric food allergy: A systematic review. Allergy 2019; 74:1631-1648. [PMID: 30835860 DOI: 10.1111/all.13767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic determinants of food allergy have not been systematically reviewed. We therefore systematically reviewed the literature on the genetic basis of food allergy, identifying areas for further investigation. METHODS We searched three electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and PubMed) on 9 January 2018. Two authors screened retrieved articles for review according to inclusion criteria and extracted relevant information on study characteristics and measures of association. Eligible studies included those that reported an unaffected nonatopic control group, had genetic information and were carried out in children. RESULTS Of the 2088 studies retrieved, 32 met our inclusion criteria. Five were genome-wide association studies, and the remaining were candidate gene studies. Twenty-two of the studies were carried out in a predominantly Caucasian population with the remaining 10 from Asian-specific populations or unspecified ethnicity. We found FLG, HLA, IL10, IL13, as well as some evidence for other variants (SPINK5, SERPINB and C11orf30) that are associated with food allergy. CONCLUSIONS Little genetic research has been carried out in food allergy, with FLG, HLA and IL13 being the most reproducible genes for an association with food allergy. Despite promising results, existing genetic studies on food allergy are inundated with issues such as inadequate sample size and absence of multiple testing correction. Few included replication analyses or population stratification measures. Studies addressing these limitations along with functional studies are therefore needed to unravel the mechanisms of action of the identified genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor H. A. Suaini
- Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research Murdoch Children’s Research Institute Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research Murdoch Children’s Research Institute Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Victoria X. Soriano
- Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research Murdoch Children’s Research Institute Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - David J. Martino
- Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research Murdoch Children’s Research Institute Parkville Victoria Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Katrina J. Allen
- Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research Murdoch Children’s Research Institute Parkville Victoria Australia
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Royal Children's Hospital Parkville Victoria Australia
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Justine A. Ellis
- Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
- Genes, Environment & Complex Disease Murdoch Children’s Research Institute Parkville Victoria Australia
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Faculty of Health Deakin University Burwood Victoria Australia
| | - Jennifer J. Koplin
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research Murdoch Children’s Research Institute Parkville Victoria Australia
- School of Population and Global Health University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
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16
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Ginkel CD, Pettersson ME, Dubois AEJ, Koppelman GH. Association of STAT6 gene variants with food allergy diagnosed by double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges. Allergy 2018; 73:1337-1341. [PMID: 29457221 PMCID: PMC6032865 DOI: 10.1111/all.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the role of two STAT6 gene variants in food allergy using data of patients and their parents who underwent double‐blind placebo‐controlled food challenges (DBPCFCs). After quality control, 369 trios were analysed including 262 children (71.0%) with food allergy. Associations were tested by the Family based association test. The A alleles of both SNPs were associated with food allergy (P = .036 and P = .013 for rs324015 and rs1059513, respectively). Furthermore, these A alleles were associated with peanut allergy, higher sIgE levels to both peanut and cow's milk, more severe symptoms and higher eliciting doses during peanut and cow's milk DBPCFCs (all P < .05). In silico analysis indicates that the identified risk variants increase STAT6 expression which stimulates the differentiation of CD4 + T cells to the Th2 subset. In conclusion, STAT6 variants may be involved in the pathophysiology of food allergy and their role seems to be independent of the allergenic food.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. D. Ginkel
- University Medical Center Groningen Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Paediatric Allergy GRIAC Research Institute University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - M. E. Pettersson
- University Medical Center Groningen Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Paediatric Allergy GRIAC Research Institute University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - A. E. J. Dubois
- University Medical Center Groningen Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Paediatric Allergy GRIAC Research Institute University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - G. H. Koppelman
- University Medical Center Groningen Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Paediatric Allergy GRIAC Research Institute University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
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17
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Liu X, Hong X, Tsai HJ, Mestan KK, Shi M, Kefi A, Hao K, Chen Q, Wang G, Caruso D, Geng H, Gao Y, He J, Kumar R, Wang H, Yu Y, Bartell T, Tan XD, Schleimer RP, Weeks DE, Pongracic JA, Wang X. Genome-wide association study of maternal genetic effects and parent-of-origin effects on food allergy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0043. [PMID: 29489655 PMCID: PMC5851764 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous genetic studies of food allergy (FA) have mainly focused on inherited genotypic effects. The role of parental genotypic effects remains largely unexplored. Leveraging existing genome-wide association study (GWAS) data generated from the Chicago Food Allergy Study, we examined maternal genotypic and parent-of-origin (PO) effects using multinomial likelihood ratio tests in 588 complete and incomplete Caucasian FA trios. We identified 1 single nucleotide polymorphism with significant (P < 5×10) maternal effect on any FA (rs4235235), which is located in a noncoding RNA (LOC101927947) with unknown function. We also identified 3 suggestive (P < 5×10) loci with maternal genetic effects: 1 for any FA (rs976078, in a gene desert region on 13q31.1) and 2 for egg allergy (rs1343795 and rs4572450, in the ZNF652 gene, where genetic variants have been associated with atopic dermatitis). Three suggestive loci with PO effect were observed: 1 for peanut allergy (rs4896888 in the ADGB gene) and 2 for any FA in boys only (rs1036504 and rs2917750 in the IQCE gene). Findings from this family-based GWAS of FA provided some preliminary evidence on maternal genotypic or PO effects on FA. Additional family-based studies are needed to confirm our findings and gain new insight into maternal and paternal genetic contribution to FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
- Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Karen K. Mestan
- Division of Neonatology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Min Shi
- Biostatistics Branch, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Amira Kefi
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
- Department of Bioinformatics, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Qi Chen
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
| | - Guoying Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Deanna Caruso
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hua Geng
- Department of Pediatrics
- Center for Intestinal and Liver Inflammation Research, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute
| | - Yufeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlin He
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Hongjian Wang
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Yunxian Yu
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tami Bartell
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
| | - Xiao-Di Tan
- Department of Pediatrics
- Center for Intestinal and Liver Inflammation Research, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute
| | - Robert P. Schleimer
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Daniel E. Weeks
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jacqueline A. Pongracic
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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18
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Cornez I, Yajnanarayana SP, Wolf AM, Wolf D. JAK/STAT disruption induces immuno-deficiency: Rationale for the development of JAK inhibitors as immunosuppressive drugs. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 451:88-96. [PMID: 28131742 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are mediating immune cells responses through the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Being critical for immune cells, a defective JAK/STAT signaling leads to various immune disorders, such as immunodeficiency. In contrast, hyperactivation of JAK/STAT signaling is linked to autoimmunity and cancer. Targeting the JAK/STAT proteins by small protein inhibitors impedes immune cell function by uncoupling cells from cytokine effects and by interfering with functional immune cell hallmarks, such as cell migration. This review will explore immune syndromes driven by JAK/STAT deregulation and discuss the emerging role of JAK inhibitors as immunosuppressive drugs used in autoimmunity and transplantation medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Cornez
- Medical Clinic 3, Oncology, Hematology, Immunoncology and Rheumatology, University Clinic Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Anna Maria Wolf
- Medical Clinic 3, Oncology, Hematology, Immunoncology and Rheumatology, University Clinic Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Medical Clinic 3, Oncology, Hematology, Immunoncology and Rheumatology, University Clinic Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany; Laboratory for Tumorimmunology, Department of Medicine V, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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19
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Food allergy is common among children and adults worldwide. Recent studies have improved our understanding of the genetic mechanism of food allergy and further studies may result in clinical application through genetic testing. RECENT FINDINGS Genetic factors are important in the development of food allergy. An increasing number of genes have been associated with food allergy in recent years. These include mutations and genetic variants in the filaggrin gene, the association of human leukocyte antigen DR and DQ regions with food allergy, copy number variation impacting CTNNA3 and RBFOX1, DNA methylation that partially mediates single nucleotide polymorphism association at the HLA-DR and DQ loci, as well as other genes. Several studies have implicated differences in gut microbiota composition in food allergy. SUMMARY With the advance of high-throughput genotyping and sequencing techniques together with improved analytical methods, the contributions of genetic and environmental factors in development of food allergy are being clarified. Yet much remains to be explored and more studies with larger sample sizes, better phenotyping, and improved quality control genomics methods are needed. The ultimate goal is the development of a panel of reliable markers for genetic testing in food allergy to improve overall patient care.
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20
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Muraro A, Lemanske RF, Castells M, Torres MJ, Khan D, Simon HU, Bindslev-Jensen C, Burks W, Poulsen LK, Sampson HA, Worm M, Nadeau KC. Precision medicine in allergic disease-food allergy, drug allergy, and anaphylaxis-PRACTALL document of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Allergy 2017; 72:1006-1021. [PMID: 28122115 DOI: 10.1111/all.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This consensus document summarizes the current knowledge on the potential for precision medicine in food allergy, drug allergy, and anaphylaxis under the auspices of the PRACTALL collaboration platform. PRACTALL is a joint effort of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, which aims to synchronize the European and American approaches to allergy care. Precision medicine is an emerging approach for disease treatment based on disease endotypes, which are phenotypic subclasses associated with specific mechanisms underlying the disease. Although significant progress has been made in defining endotypes for asthma, definitions of endotypes for food and drug allergy or for anaphylaxis lag behind. Progress has been made in discovery of biomarkers to guide a precision medicine approach to treatment of food and drug allergy, but further validation and quantification of these biomarkers are needed to allow their translation into practice in the clinical management of allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Muraro
- Food Allergy Referral Centre Veneto Region; Department of Women and Child Health; Padua General University Hospital; Padua Italy
| | - R. F. Lemanske
- Department of Pediatrics; University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; Madison WI USA
| | - M. Castells
- Drug Hypersensitivity and Desensitization Center; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | - M. J. Torres
- Allergy Unit; Regional University Hospital of Malaga-IBIMA; UMA; Malaga Spain
| | - D. Khan
- Division of Allergy & Immunology; Department of Internal Medicine; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas TX USA
| | - H.-U. Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - C. Bindslev-Jensen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre; Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA); Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - W. Burks
- Department of Pediatrics; University of North Carolina; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - L. K. Poulsen
- Allergy Clinic; Copenhagen University Hospital at Gentofte Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - H. A. Sampson
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York NY USA
| | - M. Worm
- Klinik für Dermatologie; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - K. C. Nadeau
- Department of Medicine; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford CA USA
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford CA USA
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21
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Martino DJ, Ashley S, Koplin J, Ellis J, Saffery R, Dharmage SC, Gurrin L, Matheson MC, Kalb B, Marenholz I, Beyer K, Lee Y, Hong X, Wang X, Vukcevic D, Motyer A, Leslie S, Allen KJ, Ferreira MAR. Genomewide association study of peanut allergy reproduces association with amino acid polymorphisms in
HLA
‐
DRB
1. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:217-223. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. J. Martino
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - S. Ashley
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research Clayton Vic. Australia
| | - J. Koplin
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
- School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - J. Ellis
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - R. Saffery
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - S. C. Dharmage
- School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - L. Gurrin
- School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - M. C. Matheson
- School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - B. Kalb
- Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center of MDC Charité Berlin Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin Germany
| | - I. Marenholz
- Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center of MDC Charité Berlin Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin Germany
| | - K. Beyer
- Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Y.‐A. Lee
- Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center of MDC Charité Berlin Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin Germany
| | - X. Hong
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA
| | - X. Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA
| | - D. Vukcevic
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Centre for Systems Genomics Schools of Mathematics and Statistics and Biosciences The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - A. Motyer
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Centre for Systems Genomics Schools of Mathematics and Statistics and Biosciences The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - S. Leslie
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Centre for Systems Genomics Schools of Mathematics and Statistics and Biosciences The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - K. J. Allen
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
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Krishnamurthy P, Kaplan MH. STAT6 and PARP Family Members in the Development of T Cell-dependent Allergic Inflammation. Immune Netw 2016; 16:201-10. [PMID: 27574499 PMCID: PMC5002446 DOI: 10.4110/in.2016.16.4.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic inflammation requires the orchestration of altered gene expression in the target tissue and in the infiltrating immune cells. The transcription factor STAT6 is critical in activating cytokine gene expression and cytokine signaling both in the immune cells and in target tissue cells including airway epithelia, keratinocytes and esophageal epithelial cells. STAT6 is activated by the cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 to mediate the pathogenesis of allergic disorders such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergy and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). In this review, we summarize the role of STAT6 in allergic diseases, its interaction with the co-factor PARP14 and the molecular mechanisms by which STAT6 and PARP14 regulate gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mark H Kaplan
- Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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23
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Martino DJ, Saffery R, Allen KJ, Prescott SL. Epigenetic modifications: mechanisms of disease and biomarkers of food allergy. Curr Opin Immunol 2016; 42:9-15. [PMID: 27218660 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The rise in IgE-mediated food allergy in recent times is the likely result of gene-environment interactions mediated via epigenetic pathways. As epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, are at the interface between the environment and the genome, they may be ideal biomarkers of modifiable disease pathways. High-throughput methylation profiling of immune cell subtypes or whole blood from patients allows the identification of disease specific epigenetic variants. If faithfully tracking with disease parameters, these 'signatures' may have clinical applications as biomarkers of disease or therapeutic response. Development of such tools will depend on a number of factors, including determining the most appropriate experimental approach, analysis methodology, patient groups, and informative target cells/tissues. Here we discuss these potential applications and their implications for food allergy practise.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Martino
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Australia; Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Australia; University of Western Australia, Department of Paediatrics, Australia; IN-FLAME International Inflammation Network, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Australia
| | - Katrina J Allen
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Australia; University of Manchester, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Australia; IN-FLAME International Inflammation Network, Australia
| | - Susan L Prescott
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Australia; University of Western Australia, Department of Paediatrics, Australia; IN-FLAME International Inflammation Network, Australia.
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24
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Hussein YM, Alzahrani SS, Alharthi AA, Alhazmi AS, Ghonaim MM, Alghamdy AAN, El Askary A. Gene Polymorphism of Interleukin-4, Interleukin-4 Receptor and STAT6 in Children with Atopic Dermatitis in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Immunol Invest 2016; 45:223-34. [PMID: 27018548 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2015.1135943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF STUDY This work was performed to evaluate the level of IL-4, and to clarify the role of IL-4 gene polymorphism at position cytosine -590-to-thyamine (C-590T), IL-4Rα gene polymorphism at position adenine +4679-to-guanine (A+4679G) [isoleucine-50-valine (I50V)] and STAT6 gene polymorphism at position guanine 2964-to-adenine (G2964A) in Saudi children with non-atopic dermatitis (non-AD) and atopic dermatitis (AD) to identify their role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study included 150 children: 50 healthy children as controls, 50 with non-AD, and 50 with AD. They were subjected to full clinical examination, complete blood picture, skin prick test, and determination of serum interleukin-4 (IL-4) and total immunoglobulin-E (IgE) levels. Detection of interleukin-4 gene (C-590T), interleukin-4 receptor alpha gene (A+4679G) (I50V), and STAT6 gene (G2964A) polymorphisms were performed by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS There was a significant (P < 0.01) association between genotype and allele frequencies of IL-4Rα (A+4679G) (I50V) polymorphism in the AD group (but not non-AD group). Moreover, there was a significant association between genotype and allele frequencies of the STAT6 (G2946A) polymorphism in the non-AD (P < 0.05) and AD (P < 0.01) groups. On the other hand, there was no significant association between genotype and allele frequencies of the (C-590T) polymorphism in the non-AD group and AD group. There was a significant (P < 0.001) higher total IgE level in patients compared to the controls. Moreover, the mean values of total IgE were significantly different among the different allelic variants of (C-590T), (I50V), (G2964A) polymorphisms of IL-4, IL-4Rα, and STAT6 genes, respectively, in all the studied groups. On the other hand, there was no significant difference of serum IL-4 levels among all the studied patients, or among the different allelic variants of (C-590T), (I50V), (G2964A) polymorphisms of IL-4, IL-4Rα, and STAT6 genes, respectively. CONCLUSION IL-4Rα gene (I50V) and STAT6 gene (G2964) polymorphisms may play a role in development of eczema; however, the IL-4 gene polymorphism (C-590T) had no relationship with susceptibility to the disease among Saudi children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousri M Hussein
- a Medical Laboratories Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences , Taif University , Taif , Saudi Arabia.,b Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine , Zagazig University , Zagazig , Egypt
| | - Saad S Alzahrani
- c Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine , Taif University , Taif , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abd Allah Alharthi
- d Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine , Taif University , Taif , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman S Alhazmi
- a Medical Laboratories Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences , Taif University , Taif , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mabrouk M Ghonaim
- a Medical Laboratories Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences , Taif University , Taif , Saudi Arabia.,e Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine , Menoufiya University , Menoufiya , Egypt
| | - Abd Alrahman N Alghamdy
- f Community Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences , Taif University , Taif , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad El Askary
- a Medical Laboratories Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences , Taif University , Taif , Saudi Arabia.,g Medical Biochemistry Department, Damietta Faculty of Medicine , Al-Azhar University , Damietta , Egypt
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25
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Gonipeta B, Kim E, Gangur V. Mouse models of food allergy: how well do they simulate the human disorder? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016; 55:437-52. [PMID: 24915373 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.657807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy is a growing health problem with serious concerns due to high potential for fatality. Rapid advances in the knowledge on causes and mechanisms as well as in developing effective prevention/therapeutic strategies are needed. To meet these goals, mouse models that simulate the human disorder are highly desirable. During the past decade, several mouse models of food allergies have been reported. Here, we briefly reviewed the human disorder and then critically evaluated these models seeking answers to the following important questions: To what extent do they simulate the human disorder? What are the strengths and limitations of these models? What are the challenges facing this scientific area? Our analysis suggest that: (i) the mouse models, with inherent strengths and limitations, are available for many major food allergies; there is scope for additional model development and validation; (ii) models mostly simulate the severe forms of human disorder with similar immune and clinical features; (iii) the approaches used to develop some of the mouse models may be questionable; and (iv) the specific mechanisms of sensitization as wells as oral elicitation of fatal reactions in both humans and mice remains incompletely understood and therefore warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babu Gonipeta
- a Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan , USA
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Regulatory T cell reprogramming toward a Th2-cell-like lineage impairs oral tolerance and promotes food allergy. Immunity 2015; 42:512-23. [PMID: 25769611 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Oral immunotherapy has had limited success in establishing tolerance in food allergy, reflecting failure to elicit an effective regulatory T (Treg) cell response. We show that disease-susceptible (Il4ra(F709)) mice with enhanced interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) signaling exhibited STAT6-dependent impaired generation and function of mucosal allergen-specific Treg cells. This failure was associated with the acquisition by Treg cells of a T helper 2 (Th2)-cell-like phenotype, also found in peripheral-blood allergen-specific Treg cells of food-allergic children. Selective augmentation of IL-4R signaling in Treg cells induced their reprogramming into Th2-like cells and disease susceptibility, whereas Treg-cell-lineage-specific deletion of Il4 and Il13 was protective. IL-4R signaling impaired the capacity of Treg cells to suppress mast cell activation and expansion, which in turn drove Th2 cell reprogramming of Treg cells. Interruption of Th2 cell reprogramming of Treg cells might thus provide candidate therapeutic strategies in food allergy.
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Hong X, Hao K, Ladd-Acosta C, Hansen KD, Tsai HJ, Liu X, Xu X, Thornton TA, Caruso D, Keet CA, Sun Y, Wang G, Luo W, Kumar R, Fuleihan R, Singh AM, Kim JS, Story RE, Gupta RS, Gao P, Chen Z, Walker SO, Bartell TR, Beaty TH, Fallin MD, Schleimer R, Holt PG, Nadeau KC, Wood RA, Pongracic JA, Weeks DE, Wang X. Genome-wide association study identifies peanut allergy-specific loci and evidence of epigenetic mediation in US children. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6304. [PMID: 25710614 PMCID: PMC4340086 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergy (FA) affects 2–10% of U.S. children and is a growing clinical and public health problem. Here we conduct the first genome-wide association study of well-defined FA, including specific subtypes (peanut, milk, and egg) in 2,759 U.S. participants (1,315 children; 1,444 parents) from the Chicago Food Allergy Study; and identify peanut allergy (PA)-specific loci in the HLA-DR and -DQ gene region at 6p21.32, tagged by rs7192 (p=5.5×10−8) and rs9275596 (p=6.8×10−10), in 2,197 participants of European ancestry. We replicate these associations in an independent sample of European ancestry. These associations are further supported by meta-analyses across the discovery and replication samples. Both single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with differential DNA methylation levels at multiple CpG sites (p<5×10−8); and differential DNA methylation of the HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DRB1 genes partially mediate the identified SNP-PA associations. This study suggests that the HLA-DR and -DQ gene region likely poses significant genetic risk for PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Hong
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, E4132, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Christine Ladd-Acosta
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Kasper D Hansen
- 1] Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA [2] McKusick-Nathans Insitute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- 1] Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA [2] Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan [3] Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Xin Liu
- 1] Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA [2] Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Timothy A Thornton
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Deanna Caruso
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, E4132, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Corinne A Keet
- 1] Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA [2] Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Yifei Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Guoying Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, E4132, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Wei Luo
- 1] Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA [2] College of Computer Science and Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Ramsay Fuleihan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Anne Marie Singh
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 61611, USA
| | - Jennifer S Kim
- 1] Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA [2] NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA
| | - Rachel E Story
- 1] Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA [2] NorthShore University Health Systems, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Ruchi S Gupta
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, E4132, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Sheila O Walker
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, E4132, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Tami R Bartell
- Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Terri H Beaty
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - M Daniele Fallin
- Department of Mental Health, Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Robert Schleimer
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Patrick G Holt
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; Perth and Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Kari Christine Nadeau
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Robert A Wood
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Jacqueline A Pongracic
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Daniel E Weeks
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- 1] Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, E4132, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA [2] Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
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Abstract
The prevalence of food allergy is rising for unclear reasons, with prevalence estimates in the developed world approaching 10%. Knowledge regarding the natural course of food allergies is important because it can aid the clinician in diagnosing food allergies and in determining when to consider evaluation for food allergy resolution. Many food allergies with onset in early childhood are outgrown later in childhood, although a minority of food allergy persists into adolescence and even adulthood. More research is needed to improve food allergy diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Savage
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1 Jimmy Fund Way, Smith Building, Room 516c, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1 Jimmy Fund Way, Smith Building, Room 626, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Christina B Johns
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1 Jimmy Fund Way, Smith Building, Room 516c, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Glosson NL, Bruns HA, Kaplan MH. Wheezing and itching: The requirement for STAT proteins in allergic inflammation. JAKSTAT 2014; 1:3-12. [PMID: 24058746 PMCID: PMC3670132 DOI: 10.4161/jkst.19086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of allergic inflammation requires the orchestration of gene expression from the inflamed tissue and from the infiltrating immune cells. Since many of the cytokines that promote allergic inflammation signal through hematopoietin family receptors, the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) family have obligate roles in pro-allergic cytokine-induced gene regulation in multiple cell types. In this review, we summarize work defining the contribution of each of the STAT family members to the development of allergic inflammation, using data from mouse models of allergic inflammation, studies on patient samples and correlations with single nucleotide polymorphisms in STAT genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Glosson
- Department of Pediatrics; Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research; Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis, IN USA
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Al-Muhsen S, Vazquez-Tello A, Jamhawi A, Al-Jahdali H, Bahammam A, Al Saadi M, Iqbal SM, Alfrayh A, Afzal S, Al-Khamis N, Halwani R. Association of the STAT-6 rs324011 (C2892T) variant but not rs324015 (G2964A), with atopic asthma in a Saudi Arabian population. Hum Immunol 2014; 75:791-5. [PMID: 24912007 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) transduces signals in response to IL-4 and IL-13 cytokine stimulations, resulting in many cell-specific responses. Some common STAT6 SNPs were associated with asthma predisposition and/or IgE levels, although discrepancies have also been reported. OBJECTIVE To determine whether STAT6 rs324011 and rs324015 polymorphisms are associated with atopic asthma in Saudi Arabian patients. METHODS A total of 536 Saudi individuals aged 11-70years old (230 atopic asthmatics, 306 healthy subjects) were recruited. DNA was purified from peripheral blood and genotyping for rs324011 and rs324015 polymorphisms was performed by PCR amplification, followed by cycle sequencing of the purified PCR fragments using BigDye chain terminator and capillary electrophoresis. RESULTS By the contrast of alleles tests, no significant differences between asthma and healthy groups were detected for both variants (rs324011: X(2)=0.25, Pearson's P-value=0.617; rs324015: X(2)=0.068, Pearson's P=0.814).When testing for genotypes, rs324011 homozygous T/T genotype was significantly associated with asthma, when the Recessive model is considered (T/T vs. C/C+C/T) (adjusted, OR=2.49, 95% CI=1.18-5.25, Pearson's P=0.014(∗), Yates' P=0.022(∗)). In contrast, rs324015 variant was not significantly associated with asthma. CONCLUSIONS Rs324011 homozygous T/T genotype was significantly associated with asthma risk whereas rs324015 genotypes were not in the Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Al-Muhsen
- Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alejandro Vazquez-Tello
- Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Jamhawi
- Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed Bahammam
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muslim Al Saadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaikh Mohammed Iqbal
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alfrayh
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sibtain Afzal
- Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Al-Khamis
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Riley JP, Kulkarni A, Mehrotra P, Koh B, Perumal NB, Kaplan MH, Goenka S. PARP-14 binds specific DNA sequences to promote Th2 cell gene expression. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83127. [PMID: 24376650 PMCID: PMC3869773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP-14, a member of the poly ADP-ribose polymerase super family, promotes T helper cell 2 (Th2) differentiation by regulating interleukin-4 (IL-4) and STAT6-dependent transcription. Yet, whether PARP-14 globally impacts gene regulation has not been determined. In this report, using an RNA pol II ChIP-seq approach, we identify genes in Th2 cells that are regulated by PARP-14, and either dependent or independent of ADP-ribosyltransferase catalytic activity. Our data demonstrate that PARP-14 enhances the expression of Th2 genes as it represses the expression of Th1-associated genes. Among the relevant targets are Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription genes required for polarizing Th1 and Th2 cells. To define a mechanism for PARP-14 function, we use an informatics approach to identify putative PARP-14 DNA binding sites. Two putative PARP-14 binding motifs are identified in multiple Th2 cytokine genes, and we demonstrate that PARP-14 interacts with each motif using in vitro binding assays. Taken together our results indicate that PARP-14 is an important factor for T helper cell differentiation and it binds to specific DNA sequences to mediate its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. Riley
- Department of Pediatrics, HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Aishwarya Kulkarni
- Department of Pediatrics, HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- School of Informatics, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Purvi Mehrotra
- Department of Pediatrics, HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Byunghee Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Narayanan B. Perumal
- School of Informatics, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Mark H. Kaplan
- Department of Pediatrics, HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Shreevrat Goenka
- Department of Pediatrics, HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
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Casaca VI, Illi S, Klucker E, Ballenberger N, Schedel M, von Mutius E, Kabesch M, Schaub B. STAT6 polymorphisms are associated with neonatal regulatory T cells and cytokines and atopic diseases at 3 years. Allergy 2013; 68:1249-58. [PMID: 24053457 DOI: 10.1111/all.12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transcription factor STAT6 is crucial for activation of the interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 pathway and has been linked to regulatory T cells (Tregs). Associations of STAT6 polymorphisms with IgE levels were described; however, their impact on neonatal immune responses and early disease development is unknown. METHODS STAT6 polymorphisms were genotyped in cord blood mononuclear cells by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Gene expression was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cytokines by Multiplex. At age 3 years, atopic diseases were assessed by questionnaires. RESULTS STAT6 rs324011 but not rs1059513 polymorphism was associated with significant or borderline significant decreased mRNA expression of Treg-associated genes (FOXP3, GITR, LAG3). Heterozygotes and minor allele homozygotes of rs324011 had low levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and increased interferon gamma (IFN-γ) (P ≤ 0.04), while heterozygotes and minor allele homozygotes of rs1059513 had increased TNF-α and Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (P ≤ 0.05). In minor allele homozygotes of rs324011, expression of Treg-associated genes was strongly inverse correlated with IFN-γ (unstimulated, r = -0.7, P = 0.111; LpA stimulation, r = -0.8, P = 0.011), but not in heterozygotes or major allele homozygotes. Heterozygotes and minor allele homozygotes of rs324011 presented a lower risk of atopic dermatitis and obstructive bronchitis until age 3 years. CONCLUSIONS Two STAT6 polymorphisms were associated with altered immune responses already at birth. STAT6 rs324011 was associated with lower neonatal Treg and increased Th1 response. Those neonates had a lower risk of atopic dermatitis and obstructive bronchitis until 3 years. Our data suggest a role for STAT6 polymorphisms in early immune regulation and implications on early atopic disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. I. Casaca
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy; University Children's Hospital Munich; LMU Munich; Munich; Germany
| | - S. Illi
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy; University Children's Hospital Munich; LMU Munich; Munich; Germany
| | - E. Klucker
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy; University Children's Hospital Munich; LMU Munich; Munich; Germany
| | - N. Ballenberger
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy; University Children's Hospital Munich; LMU Munich; Munich; Germany
| | - M. Schedel
- Department of Pediatrics; National Jewish Health; Denver; CO; USA
| | - E. von Mutius
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy; University Children's Hospital Munich; LMU Munich; Munich; Germany
| | - M. Kabesch
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology & Allergy; University Children's Hospital Eastern Bavaria (KUNO); University of Regensburg; Regensburg; Germany
| | - B. Schaub
- Department of Pulmonary & Allergy; University Children's Hospital Munich; LMU Munich; Munich; Germany
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Anderson WH, Koshy BT, Huang L, Mosteller M, Stinnett SW, Condreay LD, Ortega H. Genetic analysis of asthma exacerbations. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2013; 110:416-422.e2. [PMID: 23706709 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying genetic markers of susceptibility to exacerbations may improve patient management, decrease morbidity, and lead to drug development. OBJECTIVES To assess whether genetic markers associated with severe asthma exacerbations in previous reports are associated with less severe events that do not require intensive care and intubation and to identify additional markers in candidate genes and throughout the genome. METHODS A total of 199 patients and 502 controls (individuals without an exacerbation) were identified from 4 clinical trials. We genotyped 51 markers from 17 genes previously reported to be associated with exacerbations; a whole genome scan was used to identify additional markers. Admixture analysis was conducted to characterize the presence of ancestral groups. The genetic marker effects were assessed by logistic regression for each study followed by a meta-analysis. RESULTS Several coding variants in the IL4R gene had a genetic effect across 3 studies, including rs1805011 in IL4R (P < .0006). In addition, 3 markers in the IFNB1 gene showed evidence of association (P < .002) but only in the study with African Americans. Because these markers did not meet the prespecified multiplicity-adjusted significance level of P = .0002, we were unable to confirm previously published results for less severe events. The whole genome scan identified genes related to mast cell mediator release. The admixture analysis suggests that ancestry was best characterized by the presence of 3 ancestral groups. CONCLUSION We were unable to confirm previously reported associations of genetic markers with asthma exacerbations. Although, in general, the patients studied had less severe asthma than patients in earlier reports, these results suggest involvement of similar pathways. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifiers: NTC00452699, NCT00452348, NTC00102765, NCT00843193.
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Godava M, Vrtel R, Vodicka R. STAT6 - polymorphisms, haplotypes and epistasis in relation to atopy and asthma. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2013; 157:172-80. [PMID: 23752766 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND STAT6 has an important role in the IL-4 / IL-13 signalling pathway. Genome - wide association studies have shown that particular polymorphism (SNP) or haplotype variants of STAT6 as well as epigenetic gene modifications are associated with IgE level and asthma in childhood. METHODS A review of the available literature was performed to map out the function and signalling pathway of STAT6, studies of STAT6 SNPs association with susceptibility to asthma and atopy, covering the years 1997 - 2012 were summarized, and the value of epigenetic and epistatic influences on STAT6 and their relevance to the development of the studied phenotype (atopy or asthma) were determined. RESULTS There are 2 SNPs (rs71802646 and rs320411) with clinical association and proven functional effect on STAT6 expression. The effect of STAT6 SNPs cumulates in haplotypes and more potently during interaction with SNPs in the genes from the signalling pathway (IL4, IL4Ra, and IL13). Expression of STAT6 is also influenced by DNA methylation. Atopy is traditionally believed to be maternally inherited but there is one report about paternally overtransmitted STAT6 haplotype (TCA haplotype, built from rs324011, rs3024974 and rs4559 SNPs). CONCLUSIONS STAT6 polymorphisms and their combinations have an important influence on IgE level and development of asthma. However, the interaction between SNPs in the IL-4 / IL-13 signalling pathway is of greater impact. Hypermethylation of the STAT6 promoter is also significant in the regulation of STAT6 expression and this fact opens possibilities for targeting therapy in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Godava
- Department of Medical Genetics and Fetal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Yavuz ST, Buyuktiryaki B, Sahiner UM, Birben E, Tuncer A, Yakarisik S, Karabulut E, Kalayci O, Sackesen C. Factors that predict the clinical reactivity and tolerance in children with cow's milk allergy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2013; 110:284-9. [PMID: 23535094 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2013.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Specific IgE (sIgE) may be used for the diagnosis of cow's milk allergy (CMA) and as a guide to perform food challenge tests in patients with CMA. The effect of genetic variants on the prognosis of food allergy is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine the performance of sIgE analysis and the utility of the genetic variants of CD14, STAT6, IL13, IL10, SPINK5, and TSLP in predicting the clinical course in children with CMA. METHODS Serum sIgE levels of 94 children who underwent open food challenges and 54 children with anaphylaxis due to cow's milk (CM) were retrospectively analyzed between January 2002 and May 2009. The genetic polymorphisms were determined in 72 children. RESULTS A total of 148 children were followed up for a median of 3.5 years, and 42 of the 94 challenge results were positive. The probability curves with 95% decision points were 2.8 kU/L for younger than 1 year, 11.1 for younger than 2 years, 11.7 for younger than 4 years, and 13.7 for younger than 6 years. Sixty-six children outgrew CMA during follow-up. Children with initial an CM sIgE level less than 6 kU/L outgrew CMA earlier than children with an initial CM sIgE level of 6 kU/L or higher (P < .001). The age of tolerance development for CM was significantly higher in children with the GG genotype at rs324015 of the STAT6 gene compared with those with the AA+AG genotype (2 years [range, 1.5-3.9 years] vs 1.2 years [range, 1.0-2.2 years]) (P = .02). CONCLUSION The decision points of sIgE obtained in different age groups may help to determine the likelihood of clinical reactivity more precisely. The results suggest that sIgE levels and STAT6 gene variants may be important determinants to predict longer persistence of CMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tolga Yavuz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Brown P, Nair B, Mahajan SD, Sykes DE, Rich G, Reynolds JL, Aalinkeel R, Wheeler J, Schwartz SA. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in key cytokines may modulate food allergy phenotypes. Eur Food Res Technol 2012; 235:971-980. [PMID: 23230389 DOI: 10.1007/s00217-012-1827-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can play a direct or indirect role in phenotypic expression in food allergy pathogenesis. Our goal was to quantitate the expression of SNPs in relevant cytokines that were expressed in food allergic patients. SNPs in cytokine genes IL-4 and IL-10 are known to be important in IgE generation and regulation. We examined IL-4 (C-590T), IL-4Rα (1652A/G) and IL-10 (C-627A) SNPs using real-time PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Our results show that the AA, AG and GG genotypes for IL-4Rα (1652A/G) polymorphisms were statistically different in radioallergosorbent test (RAST) positive versus negative patients, and although no statistically significant differences were observed between genotypes in the IL-4 (C-590T) and IL-10 (C-627A) SNPs, we observed a significant decrease in IL-4 (C-590T) gene expression and increase in IL-4Rα (1652A/G) and IL-10 (C-627A) gene expression between RAST(+) versus RAST(-) patients, respectively. We also observed significant modulation in the protein expression of IL-4 and IL-10 in the serum samples of the RAST(+) patients as compared to the RAST(-) patients indicating that changes in SNP expression resulted in altered phenotypic response in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Brown
- Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo, 640 Ellicott Street, Room 444 Innovation Center, Buffalo Niagara Medical Campus, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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Hong X, Wang X. Early life precursors, epigenetics, and the development of food allergy. Semin Immunopathol 2012; 34:655-69. [PMID: 22777545 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-012-0323-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy (FA), a major clinical and public health concern worldwide, is caused by a complex interplay of environmental exposures, genetic variants, gene-environment interactions, and epigenetic alterations. This review summarizes recent advances surrounding these key factors, with a particular focus on the potential role of epigenetics in the development of FA. Epidemiologic studies have reported a number of nongenetic factors that may influence the risk of FA, such as timing of food introduction and feeding pattern, diet/nutrition, exposure to environmental tobacco smoking, prematurity and low birth weight, microbial exposure, and race/ethnicity. Current studies on the genetics of FA are mainly conducted using candidate gene approaches, which have linked more than 10 genes to the genetic susceptibility of FA. Studies on gene-environment interactions of FA are very limited. Epigenetic alteration has been proposed as one of the mechanisms to mediate the influence of early life environmental exposures and gene-environment interactions on the development of diseases later in life. The role of epigenetics in the regulation of the immune system and the epigenetic effects of some FA-associated environmental exposures are discussed in this review. There is a particular lack of large-scale prospective birth cohort studies that simultaneously assess the interrelationships of early life exposures, genetic susceptibility, epigenomic alterations, and the development of FA. The identification of these key factors and their independent and joint contributions to FA will allow us to gain important insight into the biological mechanisms by which environmental exposures and genetic susceptibility affect the risk of FA and will provide essential information to develop more effective new paradigms in the diagnosis, prevention, and management of FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Hong
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205-2179, USA.
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Lack G. Update on risk factors for food allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 129:1187-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Hancock DB, Romieu I, Chiu GY, Sienra-Monge JJ, Li H, Estela Del Rio-Navarro B, London SJ. STAT6 and LRP1 polymorphisms are associated with food allergen sensitization in Mexican children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 129:1673-6. [PMID: 22534531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Park H, Ahn K, Park MH, Lee SI. The HLA-DRB1 Polymorphism is Associated With Atopic Dermatitis, but not Egg Allergy in Korean Children. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2012; 4:143-9. [PMID: 22548207 PMCID: PMC3328731 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2012.4.3.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Purpose We investigated whether particular HLA-DRB1 polymorphisms contribute to egg allergy development in Korean children with atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods HLA-DRB1 alleles were determined by PCR-sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) and PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) methods in 185 patients with AD and 109 normal control (NC) subjects. AD patients were divided into two groups: 1) AD with egg allergy, consisting of 96 patients with egg allergies as determined by egg-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivity; and 2) AD without egg allergy, consisting of 89 patients without egg allergies. HLA-DRB1 alleles were classified into functional groups (A, De, Dr, E, Q, R, a). HLA-DRB1 phenotype and functional group frequencies in the AD, AD with egg allergy, and AD without egg allergy groups were compared with those in the NC group. Results The frequency of DRB1*08:02 was decreased in the AD with egg allergy group compared with the AD without egg allergy group (2.1% vs. 10.1%, P=0.021), and DRB1*15:01 was increased in the AD with egg allergy group compared with the AD without egg allergy group (22.9% vs. 11.2%, P=0.036). However, significance was lost after Bonferroni correction. HLA-DRB1*11:01 had a significantly higher frequency in AD patients compared with NCs (12.4% vs. 1.8%, corrected P=0.048) and was regarded as a susceptibility factor associated with AD. DRB1*08:03 was decreased in AD patients compared with NCs (10.8% vs. 19.3%, P=0.043). HLA-DRB1 functional group 'a', which includes DRB1*15:01, seemed to be associated with the development of egg allergy in AD (P=0.033), but this result was not significant after Bonferroni correction. Conclusions HLA-DRB1 polymorphism is not associated with egg allergy, but HLA-DRB1*11:01 is associated with AD in Korean children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwayoung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Granada M, Wilk JB, Tuzova M, Strachan DP, Weidinger S, Albrecht E, Gieger C, Heinrich J, Himes BE, Hunninghake GM, Celedón JC, Weiss ST, Cruikshank WW, Farrer LA, Center DM, O’Connor GT. A genome-wide association study of plasma total IgE concentrations in the Framingham Heart Study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 129:840-845.e21. [PMID: 22075330 PMCID: PMC3293994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopy and plasma IgE concentration are genetically complex traits, and the specific genetic risk factors that lead to IgE dysregulation and clinical atopy are an area of active investigation. OBJECTIVE We sought to ascertain the genetic risk factors that lead to IgE dysregulation. METHODS A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed in 6819 participants from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS). Seventy of the top single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected based on P values and linkage disequilibrium among neighboring SNPs and evaluated in a meta-analysis with 5 independent populations from the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg cohort, the British 1958 Birth Cohort, and the Childhood Asthma Management Program cohort. RESULTS Thirteen SNPs located in the region of 3 genes, FCER1A, signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6), and IL13, were found to have genome-wide significance in the FHS cohort GWAS. The most significant SNPs from the 3 regions were rs2251746 (FCER1A, P = 2.11 × 10(-12)), rs1059513 (STAT6, P = 2.87 × 10(-8)), and rs1295686 (IL13, P = 3.55 × 10(-8)). Four additional gene regions, HLA-G, HLA-DQA2, HLA-A, and Duffy blood group, chemokine receptor (DARC), reached genome-wide statistical significance in a meta-analysis combining the FHS and replication cohorts, although the DARC association did not appear independent of SNPs in the nearby FCER1A gene. CONCLUSION This GWAS of the FHS cohort has identified genetic loci in HLA genes that might have a role in the pathogenesis of IgE dysregulation and atopy. It also confirmed the association of the known susceptibility loci FCER1A, STAT6, and IL13 for the dysregulation of total IgE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Granada
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Jemma B. Wilk
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Marina Tuzova
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - David P. Strachan
- Division of Community Health Science, St George’s, University of London, London SW17 ORE, UK
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Dept. Of Dermatology and Allergy and ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; Dept. of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eva Albrecht
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Blanca E. Himes
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gary M. Hunninghake
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Juan C. Celedón
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology; Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Scott T. Weiss
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Departments of Medicine, Neurology, Ophthalmology, and Genetics and Genomics, Boston University School of Medicine, Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - David M. Center
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - George T. O’Connor
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study
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Tan THT, Ellis JA, Saffery R, Allen KJ. The role of genetics and environment in the rise of childhood food allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2011; 42:20-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03823.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Howell MD, Gao P, Kim BE, Lesley LJ, Streib JE, Taylor PA, Zaccaro DJ, Boguniewicz M, Beck LA, Hanifin JM, Schneider LC, Hata TR, Gallo RL, Kaplan MH, Barnes KC, Leung DYM. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 gene (STAT6) increases the propensity of patients with atopic dermatitis toward disseminated viral skin infections. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 128:1006-14. [PMID: 21762972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with increased susceptibility to recurrent skin infections. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine why a subset of patients with AD have an increased risk of disseminated viral skin infections. METHODS Human subjects with AD with a history of eczema herpeticum (EH) and various control groups were enrolled. Vaccinia virus (VV) expression was measured by means of PCR and immunofluorescent staining in skin biopsy specimens from each study group after incubation with VV. Transgenic mice with a constitutively active signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 gene (STAT6) were characterized for response to VV skin inoculation. Genotyping for 10 STAT6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was performed in a white patient sample (n = 444). RESULTS VV gene and protein expression were significantly increased in the skin of patients with EH compared with other subject groups after incubation with VV in vitro. Antibody neutralization of IL-4 and IL-13 resulted in lower VV replication in patients with a history of EH. Mice that expressed a constitutively active STAT6 gene compared with wild-type mice had increased mortality and satellite lesion formation after VV skin inoculation. Significant associations were observed between STAT6 SNPs and EH (rs3024975, rs841718, rs167769, and rs703817) and IFN-γ production. The strongest association was observed for a 2-SNP haplotype (patients with AD with a history of EH vs patients with AD without a history of EH, 24.9% vs 9.2%; P = 5.17 × 10(-6)). CONCLUSION The STAT6 gene increases viral replication in the skin of patients with AD with a history of EH. Further genetic association studies and functional investigations are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Howell
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo 80206, USA
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Pyrhönen K, Hiltunen L, Kaila M, Näyhä S, Läärä E. Heredity of food allergies in an unselected child population: an epidemiological survey from Finland. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2011; 22:e124-32. [PMID: 20961338 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The heredity of food allergies (FA) has not previously been addressed in a large unselected child population. Our target population comprised all children born from April 2001 to March 2006 resident in one province of South-East Finland (n c. 6000), as identified from the national population register. In a questionnaire survey conducted in 2005-2006, data were obtained on allergic manifestations (FA symptoms, atopic rash, allergic asthma, hay fever/pollen allergy, or animal allergy) in the biologic parents of 3800 children (64% of the total). Concurrently with the survey but independently of it, results of specific immunoglobulin E antibodies (sIgE), skin prick tests (SPT), and open food challenges (OFC) in the offspring were collected from patient records throughout the province. Up to the age of 4 yr, the incidences of any positive FA test, a positive SPT or sIgE for food items, and a positive OFC in these children were threefold higher if both parents reported having an allergic manifestation and twofold higher if either mother or father had such a manifestation when compared with children whose parents did not report any of these conditions. The estimated risk of any positive FA test increased by a factor of 1.3 (95% CI 1.2-1.4) for each additional allergic manifestation in the parents. Positive FA tests in the offspring were relatively strongly associated with the reports of allergic phenotypes and the number of these phenotypes in their biologic parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Pyrhönen
- South Karelia District of Social and Health Services, Lappeenranta, Finland.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Food allergy, a growing clinical and public health problem in the United States and worldwide, is likely determined by multiple environmental and genetic factors. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent advances in food allergy genetic research. RECENT FINDINGS There is compelling evidence that genetic factors may play a role in food allergy. However, the specific genetic loci that may modulate individual risk of food allergy remain to be identified. To date, only a limited number of candidate gene association studies of food allergy have been reported. Polymorphism(s) in nine genes have been associated with the incidence of food allergy or food allergy severity in at least one study. But most of these findings remain to be replicated in independent populations. In contrast, there are considerable advances in genetics of other allergic diseases such as asthma and atopic dermatitis. Although asthma and atopic dermatitis often coexist with food allergy, the relevance of their candidate genes to food allergy remains to be evaluated. SUMMARY Genetics in food allergy is a promising research area but is still in its infancy. More studies are needed to dissect susceptible genes of food allergy. A genome-wide association approach may serve as a powerful tool to identify novel genes related to food allergy. Furthermore, the role of gene-environment interaction, gene-gene interaction, and epigenetics in food allergy remains largely unexplored. Given the complex nature of food allergy, future studies need to integrate environment, genomics, and epigenomics in order to better understand the multifaceted etiology and biological mechanisms of food allergy.
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Hitomi Y, Ebisawa M, Tomikawa M, Imai T, Komata T, Hirota T, Harada M, Sakashita M, Suzuki Y, Shimojo N, Kohno Y, Fujita K, Miyatake A, Doi S, Enomoto T, Taniguchi M, Higashi N, Nakamura Y, Tamari M. Associations of functional NLRP3 polymorphisms with susceptibility to food-induced anaphylaxis and aspirin-induced asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 124:779-85.e6. [PMID: 19767079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2009] [Revised: 07/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), controls the activity of inflammatory caspase-1 by forming inflammasomes, which leads to cleavage of the procytokines IL-1beta and IL-18. Recent studies have shown associations of human NLRP3 polymorphisms with susceptibility to various inflammatory diseases; however, the association with allergic diseases remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to examine whether NLRP3 polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to food allergy, food-induced anaphylaxis, and aspirin-induced asthma (AIA). METHODS We selected 15 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NLRP3 and conducted association analyses of NLRP3 using 574 and 1279 samples for food allergy and AIA, respectively. We further performed functional analyses of the susceptible SNPs. RESULTS Two NLRP3 SNPs (rs4612666 and rs10754558) were significantly associated with susceptibility to food-induced anaphylaxis (P = .00086 and P = .00068, respectively). The NLRP3 haplotype of the 2 SNPs also showed a significant association (P = .000098). We could confirm the association with susceptibility to another hypersensitivity phenotype, AIA (rs4612666, P = .0096). Functional analysis revealed that the risk alleles of rs4612666 and rs10754558 increased the enhancer activity of NLRP3 expression and NLRP3 mRNA stability, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the NLRP3 SNPs might play an important role in the development of food-induced anaphylaxis and AIA in a gain-of-function manner. Further research on the NLRP3 inflammasome will contribute to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods for food-induced anaphylaxis and AIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hitomi
- Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Center for Genomic Medicine, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
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Cochrane S, Beyer K, Clausen M, Wjst M, Hiller R, Nicoletti C, Szepfalusi Z, Savelkoul H, Breiteneder H, Manios Y, Crittenden R, Burney P. Factors influencing the incidence and prevalence of food allergy. Allergy 2009; 64:1246-55. [PMID: 19663867 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy is an increasing problem in Europe and elsewhere and severe reactions to food are also becoming more common. As food allergy is usually associated with other forms of allergic sensitisation it is likely that many risk factors are common to all forms of allergy. However the potential severity of the disease and the specific public heath measures required for food allergy make it important to identify the specific risk factors for this condition. Food allergy is unusual in that it often manifests itself very early in life and commonly remits with the development of tolerance. Hypotheses that explain the distribution of food allergy include specific genetic polymorphisms, the nature of the allergens involved and the unique exposure to large quantities of allergen through the gut. Progress has been made in developing more specific and testable hypotheses but the evidence for any of these is still only preliminary. Further collaborative research is required to develop an appropriate public health response to this growing problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cochrane
- Safety and Environmental Centre, Unilever Colworth, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford, UK
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Parvataneni S, Birmingham NP, Gonipeta B, Gangur V. Dominant, non-MHC genetic control of food allergy in an adjuvant-free mouse model. Int J Immunogenet 2009; 36:261-7. [PMID: 19624800 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2009.00860.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy is a potentially fatal immune-mediated disorder with incompletely understood mechanisms. We studied the genetic control of food allergy using major histocompatibility complex-identical mice (H2(s)) and an adjuvant-free method of sensitization. Whereas, transdermal exposure to hazelnut - a model allergenic food, elicited robust IgG1 response in both strains, an IgE response was evident only in A.SW mice. Following oral challenge, only A.SW but not SJL mice exhibited signs of systemic anaphylaxis and hypothermia. In addition, (A.SW x SJL) F1 hybrids exhibited IgE responsiveness, systemic anaphylaxis and hypothermia similar to A.SW, indicating dominant inheritance of these traits. Furthermore, whereas A.SW and F1 mice but not SJL elicited robust interleukin (IL)-4 response, all three strains elicited IL-5 and IL-13 responses by spleen cells. These data demonstrate for the first time, dominant non-MHC genetic control of food allergy and a critical role of IL-4 but not IL-5 or IL-13 in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Parvataneni
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Hopkin J. Immune and genetic aspects of asthma, allergy and parasitic worm infections: evolutionary links. Parasite Immunol 2009; 31:267-73. [PMID: 19388947 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2009.01104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There are important parallels in the immunobiology of allergy and asthma, and of the human host's response to parasitic worms. Th-2 immune actions with 'weep and sweep' mucosal biology are common to both - pathological in the first and protective in the second. Common up-regulating genetic variants of Th-2 immunity, notably in IL13 and STAT6, predict increased risk of asthma and allergy, but diminished intensity of infection by Ascaris and Schistosoma. Endemic exposures of humans to parasitic worms may have been one evolutionary force selecting for genetic variants that promote asthma and allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hopkin
- Institute of Life Science, School of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
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Prevalence of self-reported food allergy in Cartagena (Colombia) population. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2008; 36:320-4. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0546(08)75863-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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