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Kim S, Shukla RK, Yu H, Baek A, Cressman SG, Golconda S, Lee GE, Choi H, Reneau JC, Wang Z, Huang CA, Liyanage NPM, Kim S. CD3e-immunotoxin spares CD62L lo Tregs and reshapes organ-specific T-cell composition by preferentially depleting CD3e hi T cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1011190. [PMID: 36389741 PMCID: PMC9643874 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1011190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
CD3-epsilon(CD3e) immunotoxins (IT), a promising precision reagent for various clinical conditions requiring effective depletion of T cells, often shows limited treatment efficacy for largely unknown reasons. Tissue-resident T cells that persist in peripheral tissues have been shown to play pivotal roles in local and systemic immunity, as well as transplant rejection, autoimmunity and cancers. The impact of CD3e-IT treatment on these local cells, however, remains poorly understood. Here, using a new murine testing model, we demonstrate a substantial enrichment of tissue-resident Foxp3+ Tregs following CD3e-IT treatment. Differential surface expression of CD3e among T-cell subsets appears to be a main driver of Treg enrichment in CD3e-IT treatment. The surviving Tregs in CD3e-IT-treated mice were mostly the CD3edimCD62Llo effector phenotype, but the levels of this phenotype markedly varied among different lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs. We also found notable variations in surface CD3e levels among tissue-resident T cells of different organs, and these variations drive CD3e-IT to uniquely reshape T-cell compositions in local organs. The functions of organs and anatomic locations (lymph nodes) also affected the efficacy of CD3e-IT. The multi-organ pharmacodynamics of CD3e-IT and potential treatment resistance mechanisms identified in this study may generate new opportunities to further improve this promising treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihyoung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Rajni Kant Shukla
- Department of Microbial Immunity and Infection, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Hannah Yu
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Alice Baek
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sophie G. Cressman
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sarah Golconda
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ga-Eun Lee
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Hyewon Choi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - John C. Reneau
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Zhirui Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Christene A. Huang
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Namal P. M. Liyanage
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Department of Microbial Immunity and Infection, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Namal P. M. Liyanage, ; Sanggu Kim,
| | - Sanggu Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Namal P. M. Liyanage, ; Sanggu Kim,
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Kim S, Shukla RK, Kim E, Cressman SG, Yu H, Baek A, Choi H, Kim A, Sharma A, Wang Z, Huang CA, Reneau JC, Boyaka PN, Liyanage NPM, Kim S. Comparison of CD3e Antibody and CD3e-sZAP Immunotoxin Treatment in Mice Identifies sZAP as the Main Driver of Vascular Leakage. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1221. [PMID: 35740248 PMCID: PMC9220018 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-CD3-epsilon (CD3e) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and CD3e immunotoxins (ITs) are promising targeted therapy options for various T-cell disorders. Despite significant advances in mAb and IT engineering, vascular leakage syndrome (VLS) remains a major dose-limiting toxicity for ITs and has been poorly characterized for recent "engineered" mAbs. This study undertakes a direct comparison of non-mitogenic CD3e-mAb (145-2C11 with Fc-silentTM murine IgG1: S-CD3e-mAb) and a new murine-version CD3e-IT (saporin-streptavidin (sZAP) conjugated with S-CD3e-mAb: S-CD3e-IT) and identifies their distinct toxicity profiles in mice. As expected, the two agents showed different modes of action on T cells, with S-CD3e-mAb inducing nearly complete modulation of CD3e on the cell surface, while S-CD3e-IT depleted the cells. S-CD3e-IT significantly increased the infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) into the tissue parenchyma of the spleen and lungs, a sign of increased vascular permeability. By contrast, S-CD3e-mAbs-treated mice showed no notable signs of vascular leakage. Treatment with control ITs (sZAP conjugated with Fc-silent isotype antibodies) induced significant vascular leakage without causing T-cell deaths. These results demonstrate that the toxin portion of S-CD3e-IT, not the CD3e-binding portion (S-CD3e-mAb), is the main driver of vascular leakage, thus clarifying the molecular target for improving safety profiles in CD3e-IT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihyoung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.K.); (R.K.S.); (E.K.); (S.G.C.); (H.Y.); (A.B.); (H.C.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (P.N.B.); (N.P.M.L.)
| | - Rajni Kant Shukla
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.K.); (R.K.S.); (E.K.); (S.G.C.); (H.Y.); (A.B.); (H.C.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (P.N.B.); (N.P.M.L.)
| | - Eunsoo Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.K.); (R.K.S.); (E.K.); (S.G.C.); (H.Y.); (A.B.); (H.C.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (P.N.B.); (N.P.M.L.)
| | - Sophie G. Cressman
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.K.); (R.K.S.); (E.K.); (S.G.C.); (H.Y.); (A.B.); (H.C.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (P.N.B.); (N.P.M.L.)
| | - Hannah Yu
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.K.); (R.K.S.); (E.K.); (S.G.C.); (H.Y.); (A.B.); (H.C.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (P.N.B.); (N.P.M.L.)
| | - Alice Baek
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.K.); (R.K.S.); (E.K.); (S.G.C.); (H.Y.); (A.B.); (H.C.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (P.N.B.); (N.P.M.L.)
| | - Hyewon Choi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.K.); (R.K.S.); (E.K.); (S.G.C.); (H.Y.); (A.B.); (H.C.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (P.N.B.); (N.P.M.L.)
| | - Alan Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.K.); (R.K.S.); (E.K.); (S.G.C.); (H.Y.); (A.B.); (H.C.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (P.N.B.); (N.P.M.L.)
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.K.); (R.K.S.); (E.K.); (S.G.C.); (H.Y.); (A.B.); (H.C.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (P.N.B.); (N.P.M.L.)
- Department of Microbial Immunity and Infection, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zhirui Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (Z.W.); (C.A.H.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Division of Transplant Surgery, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christene A. Huang
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (Z.W.); (C.A.H.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Division of Transplant Surgery, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - John C. Reneau
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Prosper N. Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.K.); (R.K.S.); (E.K.); (S.G.C.); (H.Y.); (A.B.); (H.C.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (P.N.B.); (N.P.M.L.)
| | - Namal P. M. Liyanage
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.K.); (R.K.S.); (E.K.); (S.G.C.); (H.Y.); (A.B.); (H.C.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (P.N.B.); (N.P.M.L.)
- Department of Microbial Immunity and Infection, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sanggu Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.K.); (R.K.S.); (E.K.); (S.G.C.); (H.Y.); (A.B.); (H.C.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (P.N.B.); (N.P.M.L.)
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Burwitz BJ, Wu HL, Abdulhaqq S, Shriver-Munsch C, Swanson T, Legasse AW, Hammond KB, Junell SL, Reed JS, Bimber BN, Greene JM, Webb GM, Northrup M, Laub W, Kievit P, MacAllister R, Axthelm MK, Ducore R, Lewis A, Colgin LMA, Hobbs T, Martin LD, Ferguson B, Thomas CR, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, Meyers G, Stanton JJ, Maziarz RT, Sacha JB. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation in fully MHC-matched Mauritian cynomolgus macaques recapitulates diverse human clinical outcomes. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1418. [PMID: 29127275 PMCID: PMC5681693 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01631-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a critically important therapy for hematological malignancies, inborn errors of metabolism, and immunodeficiency disorders, yet complications such as graft-vs.-host disease (GvHD) limit survival. Development of anti-GvHD therapies that do not adversely affect susceptibility to infection or graft-vs.-tumor immunity are hampered by the lack of a physiologically relevant, preclinical model of allogeneic HSCT. Here we show a spectrum of diverse clinical HSCT outcomes including primary and secondary graft failure, lethal GvHD, and stable, disease-free full donor engraftment using reduced intensity conditioning and mobilized peripheral blood HSCT in unrelated, fully MHC-matched Mauritian-origin cynomolgus macaques. Anti-GvHD prophylaxis of tacrolimus, post-transplant cyclophosphamide, and CD28 blockade induces multi-lineage, full donor chimerism and recipient-specific tolerance while maintaining pathogen-specific immunity. These results establish a new preclinical allogeneic HSCT model for evaluation of GvHD prophylaxis and next-generation HSCT-mediated therapies for solid organ tolerance, cure of non-malignant hematological disease, and HIV reservoir clearance. Rhesus macaques are not ideal for studying response to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) owing to complex MHC genetics that prevent full MHC-matching. Here the authors show that inbred Mauritian-origin cynomolgus macaques are a superior preclinical model of allogeneic stem cell transplantation that mimics diverse clinical outcomes of human allo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Helen L Wu
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Shaheed Abdulhaqq
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Christine Shriver-Munsch
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Tonya Swanson
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Katherine B Hammond
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Stephanie L Junell
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jason S Reed
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Benjamin N Bimber
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Justin M Greene
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Gabriela M Webb
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Mina Northrup
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Wolfram Laub
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Paul Kievit
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Rhonda MacAllister
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Rebecca Ducore
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Anne Lewis
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Lois M A Colgin
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Theodore Hobbs
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Lauren D Martin
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Betsy Ferguson
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Charles R Thomas
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 2450 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Gabrielle Meyers
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Stanton
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Richard T Maziarz
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jonah B Sacha
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA. .,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.
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