1
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Wu HL, Busman-Sahay K, Weber WC, Waytashek CM, Boyle CD, Bateman KB, Reed JS, Hwang JM, Shriver-Munsch C, Swanson T, Northrup M, Armantrout K, Price H, Robertson-LeVay M, Uttke S, Kumar MR, Fray EJ, Taylor-Brill S, Bondoc S, Agnor R, Junell SL, Legasse AW, Moats C, Bochart RM, Sciurba J, Bimber BN, Sullivan MN, Dozier B, MacAllister RP, Hobbs TR, Martin LD, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, Colgin LMA, Siliciano RF, Siliciano JD, Estes JD, Smedley JV, Axthelm MK, Meyers G, Maziarz RT, Burwitz BJ, Stanton JJ, Sacha JB. Allogeneic immunity clears latent virus following allogeneic stem cell transplantation in SIV-infected ART-suppressed macaques. Immunity 2023; 56:1649-1663.e5. [PMID: 37236188 PMCID: PMC10524637 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) from donors lacking C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5Δ32/Δ32) can cure HIV, yet mechanisms remain speculative. To define how alloHSCT mediates HIV cure, we performed MHC-matched alloHSCT in SIV+, anti-retroviral therapy (ART)-suppressed Mauritian cynomolgus macaques (MCMs) and demonstrated that allogeneic immunity was the major driver of reservoir clearance, occurring first in peripheral blood, then peripheral lymph nodes, and finally in mesenteric lymph nodes draining the gastrointestinal tract. While allogeneic immunity could extirpate the latent viral reservoir and did so in two alloHSCT-recipient MCMs that remained aviremic >2.5 years after stopping ART, in other cases, it was insufficient without protection of engrafting cells afforded by CCR5-deficiency, as CCR5-tropic virus spread to donor CD4+ T cells despite full ART suppression. These data demonstrate the individual contributions of allogeneic immunity and CCR5 deficiency to HIV cure and support defining targets of alloimmunity for curative strategies independent of HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L Wu
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Kathleen Busman-Sahay
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Whitney C Weber
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Courtney M Waytashek
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Carla D Boyle
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Katherine B Bateman
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Jason S Reed
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Joseph M Hwang
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Christine Shriver-Munsch
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Tonya Swanson
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Mina Northrup
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Kimberly Armantrout
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Heidi Price
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Mitch Robertson-LeVay
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Samantha Uttke
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Mithra R Kumar
- Department of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Emily J Fray
- Department of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Sol Taylor-Brill
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Stephen Bondoc
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Rebecca Agnor
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Stephanie L Junell
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Cassandra Moats
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Rachele M Bochart
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Joseph Sciurba
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Benjamin N Bimber
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Michelle N Sullivan
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Brandy Dozier
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Rhonda P MacAllister
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Theodore R Hobbs
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Lauren D Martin
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Lois M A Colgin
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Robert F Siliciano
- Department of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Janet D Siliciano
- Department of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jacob D Estes
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Jeremy V Smedley
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Gabrielle Meyers
- Division of Blood and Marrow Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Richard T Maziarz
- Division of Blood and Marrow Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Benjamin J Burwitz
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Stanton
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA
| | - Jonah B Sacha
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97007, USA.
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2
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Wu HL, Greene JM, Swanson T, Shriver-Munsch C, Armantrout K, Weber WC, Bateman KB, Maier NM, Northrup M, Legasse AW, Moats C, Axthelm MK, Smedley J, Maziarz RT, Martin LD, Hobbs T, Burwitz BJ, Sacha JB. Terumo spectra optia leukapheresis of cynomolgus macaques for hematopoietic stem cell and T cell collection. J Clin Apher 2020; 36:67-77. [PMID: 32941672 DOI: 10.1002/jca.21842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Macaques are physiologically relevant animal models of human immunology and infectious disease that have provided key insights and advanced clinical treatment in transplantation, vaccinology, and HIV/AIDS. However, the small size of macaques is a stumbling block for studies requiring large numbers of cells, such as hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for transplantation, antigen-specific lymphocytes for in-depth immunological analysis, and latently-infected CD4+ T-cells for HIV cure studies. Here, we provide a detailed protocol for collection of large numbers of HSCs and T-cells from cynomolgus macaques as small as 3 kg using the Terumo Spectra Optia apheresis system, yielding an average of 5.0 × 109 total nucleated cells from mobilized animals and 1.2 × 109 total nucleated cells from nonmobilized animals per procedure. This report provides sufficient detail to adapt this apheresis technique at other institutions, which will facilitate more efficient and detailed analysis of HSCs and their progeny blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L Wu
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Justin M Greene
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Tonya Swanson
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Christine Shriver-Munsch
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Kimberly Armantrout
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Whitney C Weber
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Katherine B Bateman
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Nicholas M Maier
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Mina Northrup
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Cassandra Moats
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeremy Smedley
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Richard T Maziarz
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Lauren Drew Martin
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Theodore Hobbs
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Benjamin J Burwitz
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Jonah B Sacha
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
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3
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Hansen SG, Marshall EE, Malouli D, Ventura AB, Hughes CM, Ainslie E, Ford JC, Morrow D, Gilbride RM, Bae JY, Legasse AW, Oswald K, Shoemaker R, Berkemeier B, Bosche WJ, Hull M, Womack J, Shao J, Edlefsen PT, Reed JS, Burwitz BJ, Sacha JB, Axthelm MK, Früh K, Lifson JD, Picker LJ. A live-attenuated RhCMV/SIV vaccine shows long-term efficacy against heterologous SIV challenge. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/501/eaaw2607. [PMID: 31316007 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw2607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have established that strain 68-1-derived rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV) vectors expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) proteins (RhCMV/SIV) are able to elicit and maintain cellular immune responses that provide protection against mucosal challenge of highly pathogenic SIV in rhesus monkeys (RMs). However, these efficacious RhCMV/SIV vectors were replication and spread competent and therefore have the potential to cause disease in immunocompromised subjects. To develop a safer CMV-based vaccine for clinical use, we attenuated 68-1 RhCMV/SIV vectors by deletion of the Rh110 gene encoding the pp71 tegument protein (ΔRh110), allowing for suppression of lytic gene expression. ΔRh110 RhCMV/SIV vectors are highly spread deficient in vivo (~1000-fold compared to the parent vector) yet are still able to superinfect RhCMV+ RMs and generate high-frequency effector-memory-biased T cell responses. Here, we demonstrate that ΔRh110 68-1 RhCMV/SIV-expressing homologous or heterologous SIV antigens are highly efficacious against intravaginal (IVag) SIVmac239 challenge, providing control and progressive clearance of SIV infection in 59% of vaccinated RMs. Moreover, among 12 ΔRh110 RhCMV/SIV-vaccinated RMs that controlled and progressively cleared an initial SIV challenge, 9 were able to stringently control a second SIV challenge ~3 years after last vaccination, demonstrating the durability of this vaccine. Thus, ΔRh110 RhCMV/SIV vectors have a safety and efficacy profile that warrants adaptation and clinical evaluation of corresponding HCMV vectors as a prophylactic HIV/AIDS vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott G Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Emily E Marshall
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Daniel Malouli
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Abigail B Ventura
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Colette M Hughes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Emily Ainslie
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Julia C Ford
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - David Morrow
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Roxanne M Gilbride
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jin Y Bae
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Kelli Oswald
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Rebecca Shoemaker
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Brian Berkemeier
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - William J Bosche
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Michael Hull
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jennie Womack
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jason Shao
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Paul T Edlefsen
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jason S Reed
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Ben J Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jonah B Sacha
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Klaus Früh
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Louis J Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
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4
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Marshall EE, Malouli D, Hansen SG, Gilbride RM, Hughes CM, Ventura AB, Ainslie E, Selseth AN, Ford JC, Burke D, Kreklywich CN, Womack J, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Kahl C, Streblow D, Edlefsen PT, Picker LJ, Früh K. Enhancing safety of cytomegalovirus-based vaccine vectors by engaging host intrinsic immunity. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/501/eaaw2603. [PMID: 31316006 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw2603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV)-based vaccines maintain effector memory T cell responses (TEM) that protect ~50% of rhesus monkeys (RMs) challenged with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Because human CMV (HCMV) causes disease in immunodeficient subjects, clinical translation will depend upon attenuation strategies that reduce pathogenic potential without sacrificing CMV's unique immunological properties. We demonstrate that "intrinsic" immunity can be used to attenuate strain 68-1 RhCMV vectors without impairment of immunogenicity. The tegument proteins pp71 and UL35 encoded by UL82 and UL35 of HCMV counteract cell-intrinsic restriction via degradation of host transcriptional repressors. When the corresponding RhCMV genes, Rh110 and Rh59, were deleted from 68-1 RhCMV (ΔRh110 and ΔRh59), we observed only a modest growth defect in vitro, but in vivo, these modified vectors manifested little to no amplification at the injection site and dissemination to distant sites, in contrast to parental 68-1 RhCMV. ΔRh110 was not shed at any time after infection and was not transmitted to naïve hosts either by close contact (mother to infant) or by leukocyte transfusion. In contrast, ΔRh59 was both shed and transmitted by leukocyte transfusion, indicating less effective attenuation than pp71 deletion. The T cell immunogenicity of ΔRh110 was essentially identical to 68-1 RhCMV with respect to magnitude, TEM phenotype, epitope targeting, and durability. Thus, pp71 deletion preserves CMV vector immunogenicity while stringently limiting vector spread, making pp71 deletion an attractive attenuation strategy for HCMV vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Marshall
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Daniel Malouli
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Scott G Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Roxanne M Gilbride
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Colette M Hughes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Abigail B Ventura
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Emily Ainslie
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Andrea N Selseth
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Julia C Ford
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - David Burke
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Craig N Kreklywich
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jennie Womack
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Christoph Kahl
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Daniel Streblow
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Paul T Edlefsen
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Louis J Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
| | - Klaus Früh
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
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5
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Wu HL, Weber WC, Shriver-Munsch C, Swanson T, Northrup M, Price H, Armantrout K, Robertson-LeVay M, Reed JS, Bateman KB, Mahyari E, Thomas A, Junell SL, Hobbs TR, Martin LD, MacAllister R, Bimber BN, Slifka MK, Legasse AW, Moats C, Axthelm MK, Smedley J, Lewis AD, Colgin L, Meyers G, Maziarz RT, Burwitz BJ, Stanton JJ, Sacha JB. Viral opportunistic infections in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation mirror human transplant infectious disease complications. Xenotransplantation 2020; 27:e12578. [PMID: 31930750 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and xenotransplantation are accompanied by viral reactivations and virus-associated complications resulting from immune deficiency. Here, in a Mauritian cynomolgus macaque model of fully MHC-matched allogeneic HSCT, we report reactivations of cynomolgus polyomavirus, lymphocryptovirus, and cytomegalovirus, macaque viruses analogous to HSCT-associated human counterparts BK virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and human cytomegalovirus. Viral replication in recipient macaques resulted in characteristic disease manifestations observed in HSCT patients, such as polyomavirus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis and tubulointerstitial nephritis or lymphocryptovirus-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. However, in most cases, the reconstituted immune system, alone or in combination with short-term pharmacological intervention, exerted control over viral replication, suggesting engraftment of functional donor-derived immunity. Indeed, the donor-derived reconstituted immune systems of two long-term engrafted HSCT recipient macaques responded to live attenuated yellow fever 17D vaccine (YFV 17D) indistinguishably from untransplanted controls, mounting 17D-targeted neutralizing antibody responses and clearing YFV 17D within 14 days. Together, these data demonstrate that this macaque model of allogeneic HSCT recapitulates clinical situations of opportunistic viral infections in transplant patients and provides a pre-clinical model to test novel prophylactic and therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L Wu
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Whitney C Weber
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | | | - Tonya Swanson
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Mina Northrup
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Heidi Price
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Kimberly Armantrout
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | | | - Jason S Reed
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Katherine B Bateman
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Eisa Mahyari
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Archana Thomas
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.,Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Stephanie L Junell
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Division of Medical Physics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Theodore R Hobbs
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Lauren D Martin
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Rhonda MacAllister
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Benjamin N Bimber
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Mark K Slifka
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.,Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Cassandra Moats
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Jeremy Smedley
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Anne D Lewis
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Lois Colgin
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Gabrielle Meyers
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Richard T Maziarz
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Benjamin J Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Jeffrey J Stanton
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Jonah B Sacha
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
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6
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Wu HL, Weber W, Abdulhaqq SA, Shriver-Munsch C, Swanson T, Northrup M, Armantrout K, Price H, Robertson-LeVay M, Reed JS, Bateman KB, Bimber BN, Junell SL, MacAllister R, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Moats C, Smedley J, Hobbs TR, Martin LD, Meyers G, Maziarz RT, Burwitz BJ, Stanton JJ, Sacha JB. Donor T cell chimerism correlates with viral reservoir clearance following allogeneic stem cell transplantation in fully cART-suppressed Mauritian cynomolgus macaques. J Virus Erad 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30120-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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7
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Malherbe DC, Mendy J, Vang L, Barnette PT, Reed J, Lakhashe SK, Owuor J, Gach JS, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, LaBranche CC, Montefiori D, Forthal DN, Park B, Wilson JM, McLinden JH, Xiang J, Stapleton JT, Sacha JB, Haynes BF, Liao HX, Ruprecht RM, Smith J, Gurwith M, Haigwood NL, Alexander J. Combination Adenovirus and Protein Vaccines Prevent Infection or Reduce Viral Burden after Heterologous Clade C Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Mucosal Challenge. J Virol 2018; 92:e01092-17. [PMID: 29093095 PMCID: PMC5752948 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01092-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV vaccine development is focused on designing immunogens and delivery methods that elicit protective immunity. We evaluated a combination of adenovirus (Ad) vectors expressing HIV 1086.C (clade C) envelope glycoprotein (Env), SIV Gag p55, and human pegivirus GBV-C E2 glycoprotein. We compared replicating simian (SAd7) with nonreplicating human (Ad4) adenovirus-vectored vaccines paired with recombinant proteins in a novel prime-boost regimen in rhesus macaques, with the goal of eliciting protective immunity against SHIV challenge. In both vaccine groups, plasma and buccal Env-specific IgG, tier 1 heterologous neutralizing antibodies, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated viral inhibition were readily generated. High Env-specific T cell responses elicited in all vaccinees were significantly greater than responses targeting Gag. After three intrarectal exposures to heterologous tier 1 clade C SHIV, all 10 sham-vaccinated controls were infected, whereas 4/10 SAd7- and 3/10 Ad4-vaccinated macaques remained uninfected or maintained tightly controlled plasma viremia. Time to infection was significantly delayed in SAd7-vaccinated macaques compared to the controls. Cell-associated and plasma virus levels were significantly lower in each group of vaccinated macaques compared to controls; the lowest plasma viral burden was found in animals vaccinated with the SAd7 vectors, suggesting superior immunity conferred by the replicating simian vectors. Furthermore, higher V1V2-specific binding antibody titers correlated with viral control in the SAd7 vaccine group. Thus, recombinant Ad plus protein vaccines generated humoral and cellular immunity that was effective in either protecting from SHIV acquisition or significantly reducing viremia in animals that became infected, consequently supporting additional development of replicating Ad vectors as HIV vaccines.IMPORTANCE There is a well-acknowledged need for an effective AIDS vaccine that protects against HIV infection and limits in vivo viral replication and associated pathogenesis. Although replicating virus vectors have been advanced as HIV vaccine platforms, there have not been any direct comparisons of the replicating to the nonreplicating format. The present study directly compared the replicating SAd7 to nonreplicating Ad4 vectors in macaques and demonstrated that in the SAd7 vaccine group, the time to infection was significantly delayed compared to the control group, and V1V2 Env-specific binding antibodies correlated with viral outcomes. Viral control was significantly enhanced in vaccinated macaques compared to controls, and in infected SAd7-vaccinated macaques compared to Ad4-vaccinated macaques, suggesting that this vector may have conferred more effective immunity. Because blocking infection is so difficult with current vaccines, development of a vaccine that can limit viremia if infection occurs would be valuable. These data support further development of replicating adenovirus vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine C Malherbe
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Lo Vang
- PaxVax, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Philip T Barnette
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Jason Reed
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Samir K Lakhashe
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Joshua Owuor
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Johannes S Gach
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Celia C LaBranche
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Donald N Forthal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Byung Park
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - James M Wilson
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James H McLinden
- The Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jinhua Xiang
- The Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jack T Stapleton
- The Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jonah B Sacha
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hua-Xin Liao
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ruth M Ruprecht
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Nancy L Haigwood
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
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8
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Wu HL, Wiseman RW, Hughes CM, Webb GM, Abdulhaqq SA, Bimber BN, Hammond KB, Reed JS, Gao L, Burwitz BJ, Greene JM, Ferrer F, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Park BS, Brackenridge S, Maness NJ, McMichael AJ, Picker LJ, O'Connor DH, Hansen SG, Sacha JB. The Role of MHC-E in T Cell Immunity Is Conserved among Humans, Rhesus Macaques, and Cynomolgus Macaques. J Immunol 2018; 200:49-60. [PMID: 29150562 PMCID: PMC5736429 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
MHC-E is a highly conserved nonclassical MHC class Ib molecule that predominantly binds and presents MHC class Ia leader sequence-derived peptides for NK cell regulation. However, MHC-E also binds pathogen-derived peptide Ags for presentation to CD8+ T cells. Given this role in adaptive immunity and its highly monomorphic nature in the human population, HLA-E is an attractive target for novel vaccine and immunotherapeutic modalities. Development of HLA-E-targeted therapies will require a physiologically relevant animal model that recapitulates HLA-E-restricted T cell biology. In this study, we investigated MHC-E immunobiology in two common nonhuman primate species, Indian-origin rhesus macaques (RM) and Mauritian-origin cynomolgus macaques (MCM). Compared to humans and MCM, RM expressed a greater number of MHC-E alleles at both the population and individual level. Despite this difference, human, RM, and MCM MHC-E molecules were expressed at similar levels across immune cell subsets, equivalently upregulated by viral pathogens, and bound and presented identical peptides to CD8+ T cells. Indeed, SIV-specific, Mamu-E-restricted CD8+ T cells from RM recognized antigenic peptides presented by all MHC-E molecules tested, including cross-species recognition of human and MCM SIV-infected CD4+ T cells. Thus, MHC-E is functionally conserved among humans, RM, and MCM, and both RM and MCM represent physiologically relevant animal models of HLA-E-restricted T cell immunobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L Wu
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Roger W Wiseman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Colette M Hughes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Gabriela M Webb
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Shaheed A Abdulhaqq
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Benjamin N Bimber
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Katherine B Hammond
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Jason S Reed
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Lina Gao
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Benjamin J Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Justin M Greene
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Fidel Ferrer
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Byung S Park
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Simon Brackenridge
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J Maness
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70118; and
| | - Andrew J McMichael
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, United Kingdom
| | - Louis J Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - David H O'Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715
| | - Scott G Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Jonah B Sacha
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006;
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
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9
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Burwitz BJ, Wu HL, Abdulhaqq S, Shriver-Munsch C, Swanson T, Legasse AW, Hammond KB, Junell SL, Reed JS, Bimber BN, Greene JM, Webb GM, Northrup M, Laub W, Kievit P, MacAllister R, Axthelm MK, Ducore R, Lewis A, Colgin LMA, Hobbs T, Martin LD, Ferguson B, Thomas CR, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, Meyers G, Stanton JJ, Maziarz RT, Sacha JB. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation in fully MHC-matched Mauritian cynomolgus macaques recapitulates diverse human clinical outcomes. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1418. [PMID: 29127275 PMCID: PMC5681693 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01631-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a critically important therapy for hematological malignancies, inborn errors of metabolism, and immunodeficiency disorders, yet complications such as graft-vs.-host disease (GvHD) limit survival. Development of anti-GvHD therapies that do not adversely affect susceptibility to infection or graft-vs.-tumor immunity are hampered by the lack of a physiologically relevant, preclinical model of allogeneic HSCT. Here we show a spectrum of diverse clinical HSCT outcomes including primary and secondary graft failure, lethal GvHD, and stable, disease-free full donor engraftment using reduced intensity conditioning and mobilized peripheral blood HSCT in unrelated, fully MHC-matched Mauritian-origin cynomolgus macaques. Anti-GvHD prophylaxis of tacrolimus, post-transplant cyclophosphamide, and CD28 blockade induces multi-lineage, full donor chimerism and recipient-specific tolerance while maintaining pathogen-specific immunity. These results establish a new preclinical allogeneic HSCT model for evaluation of GvHD prophylaxis and next-generation HSCT-mediated therapies for solid organ tolerance, cure of non-malignant hematological disease, and HIV reservoir clearance. Rhesus macaques are not ideal for studying response to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) owing to complex MHC genetics that prevent full MHC-matching. Here the authors show that inbred Mauritian-origin cynomolgus macaques are a superior preclinical model of allogeneic stem cell transplantation that mimics diverse clinical outcomes of human allo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Helen L Wu
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Shaheed Abdulhaqq
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Christine Shriver-Munsch
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Tonya Swanson
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Katherine B Hammond
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Stephanie L Junell
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jason S Reed
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Benjamin N Bimber
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Justin M Greene
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Gabriela M Webb
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Mina Northrup
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Wolfram Laub
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Paul Kievit
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Rhonda MacAllister
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Rebecca Ducore
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Anne Lewis
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Lois M A Colgin
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Theodore Hobbs
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Lauren D Martin
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Betsy Ferguson
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Charles R Thomas
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 2450 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Gabrielle Meyers
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Stanton
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Richard T Maziarz
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jonah B Sacha
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA. .,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.
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10
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Hansen SG, Piatak M, Ventura AB, Hughes CM, Gilbride RM, Ford JC, Oswald K, Shoemaker R, Li Y, Lewis MS, Gilliam AN, Xu G, Whizin N, Burwitz BJ, Planer SL, Turner JM, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Nelson JA, Früh K, Sacha JB, Estes JD, Keele BF, Edlefsen PT, Lifson JD, Picker LJ. Addendum: Immune clearance of highly pathogenic SIV infection. Nature 2017. [PMID: 28636599 DOI: 10.1038/nature22984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/nature12519.
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11
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Hirsch AJ, Smith JL, Haese NN, Broeckel RM, Parkins CJ, Kreklywich C, DeFilippis VR, Denton M, Smith PP, Messer WB, Colgin LMA, Ducore RM, Grigsby PL, Hennebold JD, Swanson T, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, MacAllister R, Wiley CA, Nelson JA, Streblow DN. Correction: Zika Virus infection of rhesus macaques leads to viral persistence in multiple tissues. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006317. [PMID: 28380070 PMCID: PMC5381941 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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12
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Hirsch AJ, Smith JL, Haese NN, Broeckel RM, Parkins CJ, Kreklywich C, DeFilippis VR, Denton M, Smith PP, Messer WB, Colgin LMA, Ducore RM, Grigsby PL, Hennebold JD, Swanson T, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, MacAllister R, Wiley CA, Nelson JA, Streblow DN. Zika Virus infection of rhesus macaques leads to viral persistence in multiple tissues. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006219. [PMID: 28278237 PMCID: PMC5344528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), an emerging flavivirus, has recently spread explosively through the Western hemisphere. In addition to symptoms including fever, rash, arthralgia, and conjunctivitis, ZIKV infection of pregnant women can cause microcephaly and other developmental abnormalities in the fetus. We report herein the results of ZIKV infection of adult rhesus macaques. Following subcutaneous infection, animals developed transient plasma viremia and viruria from 1-7 days post infection (dpi) that was accompanied by the development of a rash, fever and conjunctivitis. Animals produced a robust adaptive immune response to ZIKV, although systemic cytokine response was minimal. At 7 dpi, virus was detected in peripheral nervous tissue, multiple lymphoid tissues, joints, and the uterus of the necropsied animals. Notably, viral RNA persisted in neuronal, lymphoid and joint/muscle tissues and the male and female reproductive tissues through 28 to 35 dpi. The tropism and persistence of ZIKV in the peripheral nerves and reproductive tract may provide a mechanism of subsequent neuropathogenesis and sexual transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec J. Hirsch
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Jessica L. Smith
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Nicole N. Haese
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Rebecca M. Broeckel
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Christopher J. Parkins
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Craig Kreklywich
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Victor R. DeFilippis
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Michael Denton
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Patricia P. Smith
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - William B. Messer
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Lois M. A. Colgin
- Pathology Services Unit, Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Rebecca M. Ducore
- Pathology Services Unit, Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Peta L. Grigsby
- Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Jon D. Hennebold
- Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Tonya Swanson
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Alfred W. Legasse
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Michael K. Axthelm
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Rhonda MacAllister
- Clinical Medicine Unit, Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Clayton A. Wiley
- UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Division of Neuropathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jay A. Nelson
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Daniel N. Streblow
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
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13
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Burwitz BJ, Malouli D, Bimber BN, Reed JS, Ventura AB, Hancock MH, Uebelhoer LS, Bhusari A, Hammond KB, Espinosa Trethewy RG, Klug A, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Nelson JA, Park BS, Streblow DN, Hansen SG, Picker LJ, Früh K, Sacha JB. Cross-Species Rhesus Cytomegalovirus Infection of Cynomolgus Macaques. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1006014. [PMID: 27829026 PMCID: PMC5102353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytomegaloviruses (CMV) are highly species-specific due to millennia of co-evolution and adaptation to their host, with no successful experimental cross-species infection in primates reported to date. Accordingly, full genome phylogenetic analysis of multiple new CMV field isolates derived from two closely related nonhuman primate species, Indian-origin rhesus macaques (RM) and Mauritian-origin cynomolgus macaques (MCM), revealed distinct and tight lineage clustering according to the species of origin, with MCM CMV isolates mirroring the limited genetic diversity of their primate host that underwent a population bottleneck 400 years ago. Despite the ability of Rhesus CMV (RhCMV) laboratory strain 68-1 to replicate efficiently in MCM fibroblasts and potently inhibit antigen presentation to MCM T cells in vitro, RhCMV 68-1 failed to productively infect MCM in vivo, even in the absence of host CD8+ T and NK cells. In contrast, RhCMV clone 68-1.2, genetically repaired to express the homologues of the HCMV anti-apoptosis gene UL36 and epithelial cell tropism genes UL128 and UL130 absent in 68-1, efficiently infected MCM as evidenced by the induction of transgene-specific T cells and virus shedding. Recombinant variants of RhCMV 68-1 and 68-1.2 revealed that expression of either UL36 or UL128 together with UL130 enabled productive MCM infection, indicating that multiple layers of cross-species restriction operate even between closely related hosts. Cumulatively, these results implicate cell tropism and evasion of apoptosis as critical determinants of CMV transmission across primate species barriers, and extend the macaque model of human CMV infection and immunology to MCM, a nonhuman primate species with uniquely simplified host immunogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Daniel Malouli
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Benjamin N. Bimber
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Jason S. Reed
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Abigail B. Ventura
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Meaghan H. Hancock
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Luke S. Uebelhoer
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Amruta Bhusari
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Katherine B. Hammond
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Renee G. Espinosa Trethewy
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Alex Klug
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Alfred W. Legasse
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Michael K. Axthelm
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Jay A. Nelson
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Byung S. Park
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Daniel N. Streblow
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Scott G. Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Louis J. Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Klaus Früh
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Jonah B. Sacha
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Sturgill ER, Malouli D, Hansen SG, Burwitz BJ, Seo S, Schneider CL, Womack JL, Verweij MC, Ventura AB, Bhusari A, Jeffries KM, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Hudson AW, Sacha JB, Picker LJ, Früh K. Natural Killer Cell Evasion Is Essential for Infection by Rhesus Cytomegalovirus. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005868. [PMID: 27580123 PMCID: PMC5006984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural killer cell receptor NKG2D activates NK cells by engaging one of several ligands (NKG2DLs) belonging to either the MIC or ULBP families. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) UL16 and UL142 counteract this activation by retaining NKG2DLs and US18 and US20 act via lysomal degradation but the importance of NK cell evasion for infection is unknown. Since NKG2DLs are highly conserved in rhesus macaques, we characterized how NKG2DL interception by rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV) impacts infection in vivo. Interestingly, RhCMV lacks homologs of UL16 and UL142 but instead employs Rh159, the homolog of UL148, to prevent NKG2DL surface expression. Rh159 resides in the endoplasmic reticulum and retains several NKG2DLs whereas UL148 does not interfere with NKG2DL expression. Deletion of Rh159 releases human and rhesus MIC proteins, but not ULBPs, from retention while increasing NK cell stimulation by infected cells. Importantly, RhCMV lacking Rh159 cannot infect CMV-naïve animals unless CD8+ cells, including NK cells, are depleted. However, infection can be rescued by replacing Rh159 with HCMV UL16 suggesting that Rh159 and UL16 perform similar functions in vivo. We therefore conclude that cytomegaloviral interference with NK cell activation is essential to establish but not to maintain chronic infection. Natural killer (NK) cells are an important subset of the innate immune system that rapidly responds to cellular transformation and infection. The importance of NK cell control of viral infection is dramatically illustrated by our results revealing that cytomegalovirus (CMV) is unable to establish infections in healthy individuals unless NK cell responses are subverted. By studying infection of rhesus macaques with rhesus CMV, a highly representative animal model for human CMV, we identified a key viral factor that allows RhCMV to limit NK cell activation by preventing NK cell activating ligands from trafficking to the cell surface. Importantly, we observed that this avoidance of NK cell activation is essential to establish infection in vivo because RhCMV lacking the NK cell evasion factor was unable to infect animals unless NK cells were depleted. By unmasking such viral stealth strategies it might be possible to harness innate immunity to prevent viral infection, the primary goal of CMV vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R. Sturgill
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Daniel Malouli
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Scott G. Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Benjamin J. Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Seongkyung Seo
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Christine L. Schneider
- Department of Life Sciences, Carroll University, Waukesha, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jennie L. Womack
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Marieke C. Verweij
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Abigail B. Ventura
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Amruta Bhusari
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Krystal M. Jeffries
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Alfred W. Legasse
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Michael K. Axthelm
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Amy W. Hudson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jonah B. Sacha
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Louis J. Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Klaus Früh
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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DeGottardi MQ, Okoye AA, Vaidya M, Talla A, Konfe AL, Reyes MD, Clock JA, Duell DM, Legasse AW, Sabnis A, Park BS, Axthelm MK, Estes JD, Reiman KA, Sekaly RP, Picker LJ. Effect of Anti-IL-15 Administration on T Cell and NK Cell Homeostasis in Rhesus Macaques. J Immunol 2016; 197:1183-98. [PMID: 27430715 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
IL-15 has been implicated as a key regulator of T and NK cell homeostasis in multiple systems; however, its specific role in maintaining peripheral T and NK cell populations relative to other γ-chain (γc) cytokines has not been fully defined in primates. In this article, we address this question by determining the effect of IL-15 inhibition with a rhesusized anti-IL-15 mAb on T and NK cell dynamics in rhesus macaques. Strikingly, anti-IL-15 treatment resulted in rapid depletion of NK cells and both CD4(+) and CD8(+) effector memory T cells (TEM) in blood and tissues, with little to no effect on naive or central memory T cells. Importantly, whereas depletion of NK cells was nearly complete and maintained as long as anti-IL-15 treatment was given, TEM depletion was countered by the onset of massive TEM proliferation, which almost completely restored circulating TEM numbers. Tissue TEM, however, remained significantly reduced, and most TEM maintained very high turnover throughout anti-IL-15 treatment. In the presence of IL-15 inhibition, TEM became increasingly more sensitive to IL-7 stimulation in vivo, and transcriptional analysis of TEM in IL-15-inhibited monkeys revealed engagement of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, suggesting alternative γc cytokine signaling may support TEM homeostasis in the absence of IL-15. Thus, IL-15 plays a major role in peripheral maintenance of NK cells and TEM However, whereas most NK cell populations collapse in the absence of IL-15, TEM can be maintained in the face of IL-15 inhibition by the activity of other homeostatic regulators, most likely IL-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Q DeGottardi
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Afam A Okoye
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Mukta Vaidya
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Aarthi Talla
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Audrie L Konfe
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Matthew D Reyes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Joseph A Clock
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Derick M Duell
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Amit Sabnis
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Byung S Park
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Jacob D Estes
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD 21702; and
| | - Keith A Reiman
- MassBiologics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, MA 02126
| | | | - Louis J Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006;
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16
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Hansen SG, Wu HL, Burwitz BJ, Hughes CM, Hammond KB, Ventura AB, Reed JS, Gilbride RM, Ainslie E, Morrow DW, Ford JC, Selseth AN, Pathak R, Malouli D, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Nelson JA, Gillespie GM, Walters LC, Brackenridge S, Sharpe HR, López CA, Früh K, Korber BT, McMichael AJ, Gnanakaran S, Sacha JB, Picker LJ. Broadly targeted CD8⁺ T cell responses restricted by major histocompatibility complex E. Science 2016; 351:714-20. [PMID: 26797147 PMCID: PMC4769032 DOI: 10.1126/science.aac9475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex E (MHC-E) is a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed, nonclassical MHC class Ib molecule with limited polymorphism that is primarily involved in the regulation of natural killer (NK) cells. We found that vaccinating rhesus macaques with rhesus cytomegalovirus vectors in which genes Rh157.5 and Rh157.4 are deleted results in MHC-E-restricted presentation of highly varied peptide epitopes to CD8αβ(+) T cells, at ~4 distinct epitopes per 100 amino acids in all tested antigens. Computational structural analysis revealed that MHC-E provides heterogeneous chemical environments for diverse side-chain interactions within a stable, open binding groove. Because MHC-E is up-regulated to evade NK cell activity in cells infected with HIV, simian immunodeficiency virus, and other persistent viruses, MHC-E-restricted CD8(+) T cell responses have the potential to exploit pathogen immune-evasion adaptations, a capability that might endow these unconventional responses with superior efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott G. Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Helen L. Wu
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Benjamin J. Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Colette M. Hughes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Katherine B. Hammond
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Abigail B. Ventura
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Jason S. Reed
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Roxanne M. Gilbride
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Emily Ainslie
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - David W. Morrow
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Julia C. Ford
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Andrea N. Selseth
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Reesab Pathak
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Daniel Malouli
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Alfred W. Legasse
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Michael K. Axthelm
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Jay A. Nelson
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | | | - Lucy C. Walters
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX37FZ, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Brackenridge
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX37FZ, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah R. Sharpe
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX37FZ, United Kingdom
| | - César A. López
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory
| | - Klaus Früh
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Bette T. Korber
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory
- The New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87545
| | - Andrew J. McMichael
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX37FZ, United Kingdom
| | - S. Gnanakaran
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory
| | - Jonah B. Sacha
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Louis J. Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
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17
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Okoye AA, Rohankhedkar M, Konfe AL, Abana CO, Reyes MD, Clock JA, Duell DM, Sylwester AW, Sammader P, Legasse AW, Park BS, Axthelm MK, Nikolich-Žugich J, Picker LJ. Effect of IL-7 Therapy on Naive and Memory T Cell Homeostasis in Aged Rhesus Macaques. J Immunol 2015; 195:4292-305. [PMID: 26416281 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with gradual deterioration of adaptive immune function, a hallmark of which is the profound loss of naive T cells (TN) associated with decline in thymic output and export of new cells into the peripheral T cell pool. Because the lymphotropic cytokine IL-7 plays crucial roles in both development of TN in the thymus and TN homeostasis in the periphery, we sought to determine the extent to which therapeutic administration of IL-7 could reverse TN deficiency in aging rhesus macaques (RM), either by enhancement of the demonstrably reduced thymopoiesis or by peripheral TN expansion. Our results indicate that treatment of both adult (8-15 y) and old (>20 y) RM with recombinant simian IL-7 (rsIL-7) results in only transient increases in peripheral CD4(+) and CD8(+) TN numbers with no long-term benefit, even with repeated therapy. This transient effect was due to peripheral TN expansion and not enhanced thymic function, and appeared to be limited by induction of IL-7 nonresponsiveness. However, rsIL-7 therapy had a more promising effect on the central memory T cell (TCM) population (both CD4(+) and CD8(+)) in adult and old RM, doubling the numbers of these cells in circulation and maintaining this larger population long term. IL-7 therapy did not reduce TCR diversity of the memory T cell compartment, suggesting that rsIL-7-induced expansion was symmetrical. Thus, although rsIL-7 failed to counter age-associated TN loss, the ability of this therapy to expand clonotypically diverse CD4(+) and CD8(+) TCM populations might potentially improve adaptive immune responsiveness in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afam A Okoye
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Mukta Rohankhedkar
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Audrie L Konfe
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Chike O Abana
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Matthew D Reyes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Joseph A Clock
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Derick M Duell
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Andrew W Sylwester
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | | | - Alfred W Legasse
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Byung S Park
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Janko Nikolich-Žugich
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724; and The Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724.
| | - Louis J Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006;
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18
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Fukazawa Y, Lum R, Okoye AA, Park H, Matsuda K, Bae JY, Hagen SI, Shoemaker R, Deleage C, Lucero C, Morcock D, Swanson T, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Hesselgesser J, Geleziunas R, Hirsch VM, Edlefsen PT, Piatak M, Estes JD, Lifson JD, Picker LJ. B cell follicle sanctuary permits persistent productive simian immunodeficiency virus infection in elite controllers. Nat Med 2015; 21:132-9. [PMID: 25599132 PMCID: PMC4320022 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 391] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic-phase HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication is reduced by as much as 10,000-fold in elite controllers (ECs) compared with typical progressors (TPs), but sufficient viral replication persists in EC tissues to allow viral sequence evolution and induce excess immune activation. Here we show that productive SIV infection in rhesus monkey ECs, but not TPs, is markedly restricted to CD4(+) follicular helper T (TFH) cells, suggesting that these EC monkeys' highly effective SIV-specific CD8(+) T cells can effectively clear productive SIV infection from extrafollicular sites, but their relative exclusion from B cell follicles prevents their elimination of productively infected TFH cells. CD8(+) lymphocyte depletion in EC monkeys resulted in a dramatic re-distribution of productive SIV infection to non-TFH cells, with restriction of productive infection to TFH cells resuming upon CD8(+) T cell recovery. Thus, B cell follicles constitute 'sanctuaries' for persistent SIV replication in the presence of potent anti-viral CD8(+) T cell responses, potentially complicating efforts to cure HIV infection with therapeutic vaccination or T cell immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Fukazawa
- 1] Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA. [2] Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Richard Lum
- 1] Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA. [2] Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Afam A Okoye
- 1] Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA. [2] Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Haesun Park
- 1] Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA. [2] Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Kenta Matsuda
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jin Young Bae
- 1] Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA. [2] Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Shoko I Hagen
- 1] Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA. [2] Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Rebecca Shoemaker
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Claire Deleage
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Carissa Lucero
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - David Morcock
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Tonya Swanson
- 1] Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA. [2] Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- 1] Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA. [2] Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- 1] Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA. [2] Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | | | | | - Vanessa M Hirsch
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul T Edlefsen
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael Piatak
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jacob D Estes
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Louis J Picker
- 1] Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA. [2] Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health &Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
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19
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Hansen SG, Piatak M, Ventura AB, Hughes CM, Gilbride RM, Ford JC, Oswald K, Shoemaker R, Li Y, Lewis MS, Gilliam AN, Xu G, Whizin N, Burwitz BJ, Planer SL, Turner JM, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Nelson JA, Früh K, Sacha JB, Estes JD, Keele BF, Edlefsen PT, Lifson JD, Picker LJ. Correction: Corrigendum: Immune clearance of highly pathogenic SIV infection. Nature 2014. [DOI: 10.1038/nature13840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Malouli D, Howell GL, Legasse AW, Kahl C, Axthelm MK, Hansen SG, Früh K. Full genome sequence analysis of a novel adenovirus of rhesus macaque origin indicates a new simian adenovirus type and species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 3-4:18-29. [PMID: 25530944 DOI: 10.1016/j.virep.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple novel simian adenoviruses have been isolated over the past years and their potential to cross the species barrier and infect the human population is an ever present threat. Here we describe the isolation and full genome sequencing of a novel simian adenovirus (SAdV) isolated from the urine of two independent, never co-housed, late stage simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques. The viral genome sequences revealed a novel type with a unique genome length, GC content, E3 region and DNA polymerase amino acid sequence that is sufficiently distinct from all currently known human- or simian adenovirus species to warrant classifying these isolates as a novel species of simian adenovirus. This new species, termed Simian mastadenovirus D (SAdV-D), displays the standard genome organization for the genus Mastadenovirus containing only one copy of the fiber gene which sets it apart from the old world monkey adenovirus species HAdV-G, SAdV-B and SAdV-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Malouli
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Grant L Howell
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Christoph Kahl
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Scott G Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Klaus Früh
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
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21
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Burwitz BJ, Reed JS, Hammond KB, Ohme MA, Planer SL, Legasse AW, Ericsen AJ, Richter Y, Golomb G, Sacha JB. Technical advance: liposomal alendronate depletes monocytes and macrophages in the nonhuman primate model of human disease. J Leukoc Biol 2014; 96:491-501. [PMID: 24823811 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.5ta0713-373r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonhuman primates are critical animal models for the study of human disorders and disease and offer a platform to assess the role of immune cells in pathogenesis via depletion of specific cellular subsets. However, this model is currently hindered by the lack of reagents that safely and specifically ablate myeloid cells of the monocyte/macrophage Lin. Given the central importance of macrophages in homeostasis and host immunity, development of a macrophage-depletion technique in nonhuman primates would open new avenues of research. Here, using LA at i.v. doses as low as 0.1 mg/kg, we show a >50% transient depletion of circulating monocytes and tissue-resident macrophages in RMs by an 11-color flow cytometric analysis. Diminution of monocytes was followed rapidly by emigration of monocytes from the bone marrow, leading to a rebound of monocytes to baseline levels. Importantly, LA was well-tolerated, as no adverse effects or changes in gross organ function were observed during depletion. These results advance the ex vivo study of myeloid cells by flow cytometry and pave the way for in vivo studies of monocyte/macrophage biology in nonhuman primate models of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jason S Reed
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Katherine B Hammond
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Merete A Ohme
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Shannon L Planer
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Alfred W Legasse
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Adam J Ericsen
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Gershon Golomb
- Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jonah B Sacha
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA;
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22
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Malouli D, Hansen SG, Nakayasu ES, Marshall EE, Hughes CM, Ventura AB, Gilbride RM, Lewis MS, Xu G, Kreklywich C, Whizin N, Fischer M, Legasse AW, Viswanathan K, Siess D, Camp DG, Axthelm MK, Kahl C, DeFilippis VR, Smith RD, Streblow DN, Picker LJ, Früh K. Cytomegalovirus pp65 limits dissemination but is dispensable for persistence. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:1928-44. [PMID: 24691437 DOI: 10.1172/jci67420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The most abundantly produced virion protein in human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the immunodominant phosphoprotein 65 (pp65), which is frequently included in CMV vaccines. Although it is nonessential for in vitro CMV growth, pp65 displays immunomodulatory functions that support a potential role in primary and/or persistent infection. To determine the contribution of pp65 to CMV infection and immunity, we generated a rhesus CMV lacking both pp65 orthologs (RhCMVΔpp65ab). While deletion of pp65ab slightly reduced growth in vitro and increased defective particle formation, the protein composition of secreted virions was largely unchanged. Interestingly, pp65 was not required for primary and persistent infection in animals. Immune responses induced by RhCMVΔpp65ab did not prevent reinfection with rhesus CMV; however, reinfection with RhCMVΔUS2-11, which lacks viral-encoded MHC-I antigen presentation inhibitors, was prevented. Unexpectedly, induction of pp65b-specific T cells alone did not protect against RhCMVΔUS2-11 challenge, suggesting that T cells targeting multiple CMV antigens are required for protection. However, pp65-specific immunity was crucial for controlling viral dissemination during primary infection, as indicated by the marked increase of RhCMVΔpp65ab genome copies in CMV-naive, but not CMV-immune, animals. Our data provide rationale for inclusion of pp65 into CMV vaccines but also demonstrate that pp65-induced T cell responses alone do not recapitulate the protective effect of natural infection.
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23
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Hansen SG, Sacha JB, Hughes CM, Ford JC, Burwitz BJ, Scholz I, Gilbride RM, Lewis MS, Gilliam AN, Ventura AB, Malouli D, Xu G, Richards R, Whizin N, Reed JS, Hammond KB, Fischer M, Turner JM, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Edlefsen PT, Nelson JA, Lifson JD, Früh K, Picker LJ. Cytomegalovirus vectors violate CD8+ T cell epitope recognition paradigms. Science 2013; 340:1237874. [PMID: 23704576 DOI: 10.1126/science.1237874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
CD8(+) T cell responses focus on a small fraction of pathogen- or vaccine-encoded peptides, and for some pathogens, these restricted recognition hierarchies limit the effectiveness of antipathogen immunity. We found that simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) protein-expressing rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV) vectors elicit SIV-specific CD8(+) T cells that recognize unusual, diverse, and highly promiscuous epitopes, including dominant responses to epitopes restricted by class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Induction of canonical SIV epitope-specific CD8(+) T cell responses is suppressed by the RhCMV-encoded Rh189 gene (corresponding to human CMV US11), and the promiscuous MHC class I- and class II-restricted CD8(+) T cell responses occur only in the absence of the Rh157.5, Rh157.4, and Rh157.6 (human CMV UL128, UL130, and UL131) genes. Thus, CMV vectors can be genetically programmed to achieve distinct patterns of CD8(+) T cell epitope recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott G Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
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24
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Weyand NJ, Wertheimer AM, Hobbs TR, Sisko JL, Taku NA, Gregston LD, Clary S, Higashi DL, Biais N, Brown LM, Planer SL, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Wong SW, So M. Neisseria infection of rhesus macaques as a model to study colonization, transmission, persistence, and horizontal gene transfer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:3059-64. [PMID: 23382234 PMCID: PMC3581930 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1217420110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The strict tropism of many pathogens for man hampers the development of animal models that recapitulate important microbe-host interactions. We developed a rhesus macaque model for studying Neisseria-host interactions using Neisseria species indigenous to the animal. We report that Neisseria are common inhabitants of the rhesus macaque. Neisseria isolated from the rhesus macaque recolonize animals after laboratory passage, persist in the animals for at least 72 d, and are transmitted between animals. Neisseria are naturally competent and acquire genetic markers from each other in vivo, in the absence of selection, within 44 d after colonization. Neisseria macacae encodes orthologs of known or presumed virulence factors of human-adapted Neisseria, as well as current or candidate vaccine antigens. We conclude that the rhesus macaque model will allow studies of the molecular mechanisms of Neisseria colonization, transmission, persistence, and horizontal gene transfer. The model can potentially be developed further for preclinical testing of vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Weyand
- BIO5 Institute and Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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25
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Hansen SG, Vieville C, Whizin N, Coyne-Johnson L, Siess DC, Drummond DD, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Oswald K, Trubey CM, Piatak M, Lifson JD, Nelson JA, Jarvis MA, Picker LJ. Addendum: Effector memory T cell responses are associated with protection of rhesus monkeys from mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus challenge. Nat Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1038/nm1211-1692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Cicin-Sain L, Sylwester AW, Hagen SI, Siess DC, Currier N, Legasse AW, Fischer MB, Koudelka CW, Axthelm MK, Nikolich-Zugich J, Picker LJ. Cytomegalovirus-specific T cell immunity is maintained in immunosenescent rhesus macaques. J Immunol 2011; 187:1722-32. [PMID: 21765018 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although CMV infection is largely benign in immunocompetent people, the specific T cell responses associated with control of this persistent virus are enormous and must be maintained for life. These responses may increase with advanced age and have been linked to an "immune risk profile" that is associated with poor immune responsiveness and increased mortality in aged individuals. Based on this association, it has been suggested that CMV-specific T cell responses might become dysfunctional with age and thereby contribute to the development of immune senescence by homeostatic disruption of other T cell populations, diminished control of CMV replication, and/or excess chronic inflammation. In this study, we use the rhesus macaque (RM) model of aging to ask whether the quantity and quality of CMV-specific T cell responses differ between healthy adult RMs and elderly RMs that manifest hallmarks of immune aging. We demonstrate that the size of the CD4(+) and CD8(+) CMV-specific T cell pools are similar in adult versus old RMs and show essentially identical phenotypic and functional characteristics, including a dominant effector memory phenotype, identical patterns of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 production and cytotoxic degranulation, and comparable functional avidities of optimal epitope-specific CD8(+) T cells. Most importantly, the response to and protection against an in vivo CMV challenge were identical in adult and aged RMs. These data indicate that CMV-specific T cell immunity is well maintained in old RMs and argue against a primary role for progressive dysfunction of these responses in the development of immune senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Cicin-Sain
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
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27
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Okoye A, Park H, Rohankhedkar M, Coyne-Johnson L, Lum R, Walker JM, Planer SL, Legasse AW, Sylwester AW, Piatak M, Lifson JD, Sodora DL, Villinger F, Axthelm MK, Schmitz JE, Picker LJ. Profound CD4+/CCR5+ T cell expansion is induced by CD8+ lymphocyte depletion but does not account for accelerated SIV pathogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 206:1575-88. [PMID: 19546246 PMCID: PMC2715089 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20090356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Depletion of CD8+ lymphocytes during acute simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of rhesus macaques (RMs) results in irreversible prolongation of peak-level viral replication and rapid disease progression, consistent with a major role for CD8+ lymphocytes in determining postacute-phase viral replication set points. However, we report that CD8+ lymphocyte depletion is also associated with a dramatic induction of proliferation among CD4+ effector memory T (TEM) cells and, to a lesser extent, transitional memory T (TTrM) cells, raising the question of whether an increased availability of optimal (activated/proliferating), CD4+/CCR5+ SIV “target” cells contributes to this accelerated pathogenesis. In keeping with this, depletion of CD8+ lymphocytes in SIV− RMs led to a sustained increase in the number of potential CD4+ SIV targets, whereas such depletion in acute SIV infection led to increased target cell consumption. However, we found that the excess CD4+ TEM cell proliferation of CD8+ lymphocyte–depleted, acutely SIV-infected RMs was completely inhibited by interleukin (IL)-15 neutralization, and that this inhibition did not abrogate the rapidly progressive infection in these RMs. Moreover, although administration of IL-15 during acute infection induced robust CD4+ TEM and TTrM cell proliferation, it did not recapitulate the viral dynamics of CD8+ lymphocyte depletion. These data suggest that CD8+ lymphocyte function has a larger impact on the outcome of acute SIV infection than the number and/or activation status of target cells available for infection and viral production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afam Okoye
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
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28
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Hansen SG, Vieville C, Whizin N, Coyne-Johnson L, Siess DC, Drummond DD, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Oswald K, Trubey CM, Piatak M, Lifson JD, Nelson JA, Jarvis MA, Picker LJ. Correction: Corrigendum: Effector memory T cell responses are associated with protection of rhesus monkeys from mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus challenge. Nat Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1038/nm0409-462d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Hansen SG, Vieville C, Whizin N, Coyne-Johnson L, Siess DC, Drummond DD, Legasse AW, Axthelm MK, Oswald K, Trubey CM, Piatak M, Lifson JD, Nelson JA, Jarvis MA, Picker LJ. Effector memory T cell responses are associated with protection of rhesus monkeys from mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus challenge. Nat Med 2009; 15:293-9. [PMID: 19219024 PMCID: PMC2720091 DOI: 10.1038/nm.1935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 566] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2008] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid onset of massive, systemic viral replication during primary HIV or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection and the immune evasion capabilities of these viruses pose fundamental problems for vaccines that depend upon initial viral replication to stimulate effector T cell expansion and differentiation. We hypothesized that vaccines designed to maintain differentiated effector memory T cell (TEM cell) responses at viral entry sites might improve efficacy by impairing viral replication at its earliest stage, and we have therefore developed SIV protein-encoding vectors based on rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV), the prototypical inducer of life-long TEM cell responses. RhCMV vectors expressing SIV Gag, Rev-Tat-Nef and Env persistently infected rhesus macaques, regardless of preexisting RhCMV immunity, and primed and maintained robust, SIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ TEM cell responses (characterized by coordinate tumor necrosis factor, interferon-gamma and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta expression, cytotoxic degranulation and accumulation at extralymphoid sites) in the absence of neutralizing antibodies. Compared to control rhesus macaques, these vaccinated rhesus macaques showed increased resistance to acquisition of progressive SIVmac239 infection upon repeated limiting-dose intrarectal challenge, including four macaques who controlled rectal mucosal infection without progressive systemic dissemination. These data suggest a new paradigm for AIDS vaccine development--vaccines capable of generating and maintaining HIV-specific TEM cells might decrease the incidence of HIV acquisition after sexual exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott G Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Department of Molecular Microbiology, and the Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 Northwest 185th Avenue, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA
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