1
|
Sun G. Death and survival from executioner caspase activation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 156:66-73. [PMID: 37468421 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Executioner caspases are evolutionarily conserved regulators of cell death under apoptotic stress. Activated executioner caspases drive apoptotic cell death through cleavage of diverse protein substrates or pyroptotic cell death in the presence of gasdermin E. On the other hand, activation of executioner caspases can also trigger pro-survival and pro-proliferation signals. In recent years, a growing body of studies have demonstrated that cells can survive from executioner caspase activation in response to stress and that the survivors undergo molecular and phenotypic alterations. This review focuses on death and survival from executioner caspase activation, summarizing the role of executioner caspases in apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death and discussing the potential mechanism and consequences of survival from stress-induced executioner caspase activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gongping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Eluu SC, Obayemi JD, Salifu AA, Yiporo D, Oko AO, Aina T, Oparah JC, Ezeala CC, Etinosa PO, Ugwu CM, Esimone CO, Soboyejo WO. In-vivo studies of targeted and localized cancer drug release from microporous poly-di-methyl-siloxane (PDMS) devices for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:31. [PMID: 38167999 PMCID: PMC10761815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment is challenging and frequently characterized by an aggressive phenotype and low prognosis in comparison to other subtypes. This paper presents fabricated implantable drug-loaded microporous poly-di-methyl-siloxane (PDMS) devices for the delivery of targeted therapeutic agents [Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone conjugated paclitaxel (PTX-LHRH) and Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone conjugated prodigiosin (PG-LHRH)] for the treatment and possible prevention of triple-negative cancer recurrence. In vitro assessment using the Alamar blue assay demonstrated a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in percentage of cell growth in a time-dependent manner in the groups treated with PG, PG-LHRH, PTX, and PTX-LHRH. Subcutaneous triple-negative xenograft breast tumors were then induced in athymic female nude mice that were four weeks old. Two weeks later, the tumors were surgically but partially removed, and the device implanted. Mice were observed for tumor regrowth and organ toxicity. The animal study revealed that there was no tumor regrowth, six weeks post-treatment, when the LHRH targeted drugs (LHRH-PTX and LHRH-PGS) were used for the treatment. The possible cytotoxic effects of the released drugs on the liver, kidney, and lung are assessed using quantitative biochemical assay from blood samples of the treatment groups. Ex vivo histopathological results from organ tissues showed that the targeted cancer drugs released from the implantable drug-loaded device did not induce any adverse effect on the liver, kidneys, or lungs, based on the results of qualitative toxicity studies. The implications of the results are discussed for the targeted and localized treatment of triple negative breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S C Eluu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Ifite Awka, 420110, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - J D Obayemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Higgins Lab, Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gateway Park Life Sciences and Bioengineering Centre, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 60 Prescott Street, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - A A Salifu
- Department of Engineering, Morrissey College of Arts and Science, Boston College, Boston, USA
| | - D Yiporo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ashesi University, Berekuso, Ghana
| | - A O Oko
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, David Umahi Federal, University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Nigeria
| | - T Aina
- Department of Material Science, African University of Science and Technology, Km 10 Airport Road, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - J C Oparah
- Department of Material Science, African University of Science and Technology, Km 10 Airport Road, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - C C Ezeala
- Department of Material Science, African University of Science and Technology, Km 10 Airport Road, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - P O Etinosa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Higgins Lab, Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - C M Ugwu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Ifite Awka, 420110, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - C O Esimone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Ifite Awka, 420110, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - W O Soboyejo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Higgins Lab, Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gateway Park Life Sciences and Bioengineering Centre, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 60 Prescott Street, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA.
- Department of Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 100 Seymour Rd, Utica, NY, 13502, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maduabuchi WO, Tansi FL, Faenger B, Southern P, Pankhurst QA, Steiniger F, Westermann M, Hilger I. Local Magnetic Hyperthermia and Systemic Gemcitabine/Paclitaxel Chemotherapy Triggers Neo-Angiogenesis in Orthotopic Pancreatic Tumors without Involvement of Auto/Paracrine Tumor Cell VEGF Signaling and Hypoxia. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:33. [PMID: 38201461 PMCID: PMC10778317 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in exploring the therapeutically mediated modulation of tumor vascularization of pancreatic cancer, which is known for its poorly perfused tumor microenvironment limiting the delivery of therapeutic agents to the tumor site. Here, we assessed how magnetic hyperthermia in combination with chemotherapy selectively affects growth, the vascular compartment of tumors, and the presence of tumor cells expressing key regulators of angiogenesis. To that purpose, a orthotopic PANC-1 (fluorescent human pancreatic adenocarcinoma) mouse tumor model (Rj:Athym-Foxn1nu/nu) was used. Magnetic hyperthermia was applied alone or in combination with systemic chemotherapy (gemcitabine 50 mg per kg body weight, nab-pacitaxel 30 mg/kg body weight) on days 1 and 7 following magnetic nanoparticle application (dose: 1 mg per 100 mm3 of tumor). We used ultrasound imaging, immunohistochemistry, multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT), and hematology to assess the biological parameters mentioned above. We found that magnetic hyperthermia in combination with gemcitabine/paclitaxel chemotherapy was able to impact tumor growth (decreased volumes and Ki67 expression) and to trigger neo-angiogenesis (increased small vessel diameter) as a result of the therapeutically mediated cell damages/stress in tumors. The applied stressors activated specific pro-angiogenic mechanisms, which differed from those seen in hypoxic conditions involving HIF-1α, since (a) treated tumors showed a significant decrease of cells expressing VEGF, CD31, HIF-1α, and neuropilin-1; and (b) the relative tumor blood volume and oxygen level remained unchanged. Neo-angiogenesis seems to be the result of the activation of cell stress pathways, like MAPK pathways (high number of pERK-expressing tumor cells). In the long term, the combination of magnetic hyperthermia and chemotherapy could potentially be applied to transiently modulate tumor angiogenesis and to improve drug accessibility during oncologic therapies of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wisdom O. Maduabuchi
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany (F.L.T.); (B.F.)
| | - Felista L. Tansi
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany (F.L.T.); (B.F.)
| | - Bernd Faenger
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany (F.L.T.); (B.F.)
| | - Paul Southern
- Resonant Circuits Limited, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, UK; (P.S.); (Q.A.P.)
- Healthcare Biomagnetics Laboratory, University College London, 21 Albemarle St., London W1S 4BS, UK
| | - Quentin A. Pankhurst
- Resonant Circuits Limited, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, UK; (P.S.); (Q.A.P.)
- Healthcare Biomagnetics Laboratory, University College London, 21 Albemarle St., London W1S 4BS, UK
| | - Frank Steiniger
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Ziegelmuehlenweg 1, 07743 Jena, Germany; (F.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Martin Westermann
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Ziegelmuehlenweg 1, 07743 Jena, Germany; (F.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Ingrid Hilger
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany (F.L.T.); (B.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li M, Feng Z, Han R, Hu B, Zhang R, Wang H. Paclitaxel promotes mTOR signaling-mediated apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells by targeting MUC20. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:3089-3096. [PMID: 37772424 PMCID: PMC10626250 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of paclitaxel on the apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells in relation to MUC20. METHODS RT-qPCR analysis, a CCK-8 assay, western blotting, and flow cytometry were used to analyze the anticancer effects of paclitaxel treatment or OE-MUC20 in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The in vitro results showed that paclitaxel significantly induced MUC20 upregulation and that paclitaxel treatment or OE-MUC20 significantly decreased esophageal cancer cell viability and increased mTOR signaling activation and apoptosis. In addition, PKM2, a key downstream molecule of mTOR signaling, similarly showed significant upregulation after paclitaxel treatment in cells with OE-MUC20, and its expression was attenuated after treatment with mTOR inhibitors. In a nude mouse model, tumor growth was slow in the OE-MUC20 group and accelerated after inhibition of mTOR signaling. CONCLUSION These data suggest that MUC20 is an important target of paclitaxel in esophageal cancer and promotes apoptosis through activation of mTOR signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial HospitalShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Zhen Feng
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial HospitalShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Benchuang Hu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First People's Hospital of JiningJiningChina
| | - Renfeng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanChina
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial HospitalShandong UniversityJinanChina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jain A, Dadsena S, Holthuis JCM. A switchable ceramide transfer protein for dissecting the mechanism of ceramide‐induced mitochondrial apoptosis. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:3739-3750. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Jain
- Molecular Cell Biology Division Department of Biology/Chemistry and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics Osnabrück University of Osnabrück Germany
| | - Shashank Dadsena
- Molecular Cell Biology Division Department of Biology/Chemistry and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics Osnabrück University of Osnabrück Germany
| | - Joost C. M. Holthuis
- Molecular Cell Biology Division Department of Biology/Chemistry and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics Osnabrück University of Osnabrück Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shanmugam T, Joshi N, Ahamad N, Deshmukh A, Banerjee R. Enhanced absorption, and efficacy of oral self-assembled paclitaxel nanocochleates in multi-drug resistant colon cancer. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119482. [PMID: 32492505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy in drug-resistant cancers remains a challenge. Owing to associated poor bioavailability, oral administration of hydrophobic anticancer drugs like paclitaxel has been quite challenging, with the scenario being further complicated by Pgp efflux in drug-resistant tumours. We developed a novel nanocochleates (CPT) system encapsulating paclitaxel (PTX) to treat resistant colon cancer by oral administration. PTX encapsulated nanocochleates (PTX-CPT), made up of phosphatidylserine in size range of 350-600 nm with -20 ± 5.2 mV zeta potential were protected from degradation at acidic gastric pH and showed sustained PTX release over 48 h under intestinal pH condition. In vitro cytotoxicity studies on HCT-116 & HCT-15 cells (multi-drug resistant) established IC50 value of <10 and 69 nM, respectively, which was significantly lower when compared to commercial Taxol formulation. Further, the in vivo efficacy with five oral doses of 30 mg/kg PTX-CPT in an HCT-15 drug-resistant colon cancer xenograft mouse model showed more than 25 fold reduction in the tumour growth inhibition as compared to intravenous Taxol which showed just 1.94% inhibition. Interestingly, PTX-CPT treated mice also showed significantly lower proliferation index and microvessel density when compared to Taxol treated mice. Nanocochleates showed lower toxicity with at LD-50 value greater than 300 mg/kg as described in OECD 423 guideline. The enhanced efficacy of PTX-CPT speculated due to its internalization by active endocytosis, ability to escape Pgp efflux, and due to a combined effect of the pro-apoptotic and antiangiogenic role. Taken together, the results suggested the PTX-CPT a promising strategy for efficiently treating drug-resistant colon cancer orally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaivel Shanmugam
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Nitin Joshi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Nadim Ahamad
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Atul Deshmukh
- Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology & Immunohistochemistry Centre, Mumbai 400003, India
| | - Rinti Banerjee
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Čermák V, Dostál V, Jelínek M, Libusová L, Kovář J, Rösel D, Brábek J. Microtubule-targeting agents and their impact on cancer treatment. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 99:151075. [PMID: 32414588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) constitute a diverse group of chemical compounds that bind to microtubules and affect their properties and function. Disruption of microtubules induces various cellular responses often leading to cell cycle arrest or cell death, the most common effect of MTAs. MTAs have found a plethora of practical applications in weed control, as fungicides and antiparasitics, and particularly in cancer treatment. Here we summarize the current knowledge of MTAs, the mechanisms of action and their role in cancer treatment. We further outline the potential use of MTAs in anti-metastatic therapy based on inhibition of cancer cell migration and invasiveness. The two main problems associated with cancer therapy by MTAs are high systemic toxicity and development of resistance. Toxic side effects of MTAs can be, at least partly, eliminated by conjugation of the drugs with various carriers. Moreover, some of the novel MTAs overcome the resistance mediated by both multidrug resistance transporters as well as overexpression of specific β-tubulin types. In anti-metastatic therapy, MTAs should be combined with other drugs to target all modes of cancer cell invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Čermák
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Průmyslová 595, 25242 Vestec u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Dostál
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Jelínek
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology & Center for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Libusová
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kovář
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology & Center for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Rösel
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Průmyslová 595, 25242 Vestec u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Brábek
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Průmyslová 595, 25242 Vestec u Prahy, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fragni M, Palma Lopez LP, Rossini E, Abate A, Cosentini D, Salvi V, Vezzoli S, Poliani PL, Bosisio D, Hantel C, Tiberio GAM, Grisanti S, Memo M, Terzolo M, Berruti A, Sigala S. In vitro cytotoxicity of cabazitaxel in adrenocortical carcinoma cell lines and human adrenocortical carcinoma primary cell cultures ☆. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 498:110585. [PMID: 31536779 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adrenocortical cancer (ACC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. The overall 5-year survival rate of patients with ENS@T stage IV ACC is less than 15%. Systemic antineoplastic therapies have a limited efficacy and new drugs are urgently needed. Human ACC primary cultures and cell lines were used to assess the cytotoxic effect of cabazitaxel, and the role of P-glycoprotein in mediating this effect. Cabazitaxel reduced ACC cell viability, both in ACC cell lines and in ACC primary cell cultures. Molecular and pharmacological targeting of ABCB1/P-gp did not modify its cytotoxic effect in NCI-H295R cells, while it increased the paclitaxel-induced toxicity. Cabazitaxel modified the expression of proteins involved in cellular physiology, such as apoptosis and cell cycle regulation. The drug combination cabazitaxel/mitotane exerted an additive/moderate synergism in different ACC cell experimental models. These results provide a rationale for testing cabazitaxel in a clinical study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Fragni
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lilian Patricia Palma Lopez
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Rossini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Abate
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Deborah Cosentini
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Section of Oncology and Experimental Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Vezzoli
- Forensic Medicine Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pietro Luigi Poliani
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia at ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Section of Oncology and Experimental Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Constanze Hantel
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische Ernährung, Universitätsspital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Germany
| | - Guido A M Tiberio
- Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia at ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Grisanti
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Massimo Terzolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Internal Medicine 1, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berruti
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Sandra Sigala
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Han B, Jiang P, Li Z, Yu Y, Huang T, Ye X, Li X. Coptisine-induced apoptosis in human colon cancer cells (HCT-116) is mediated by PI3K/Akt and mitochondrial-associated apoptotic pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 48:152-160. [PMID: 30195873 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the word. Coptisine (COP), an isoquinoline alkaloid derived from Coptis chinensis Franch, possesses a wide variety of pharmacological effects. However, its anti-proliferative effect on colon cancer is not fully elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to ascertain whether COP inhibits HCT-116 cell growth and to further explore the molecular mechanism in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Cell migration was detected using wound healing assay. Apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analysis via flow cytometry. Hoechst 33342 was used for morphology observation. The expression levels of proteins related to mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway were detected by western blotting. In addition, the antitumor ability of COP was further measured in athymic nude mice. RESULTS COP significantly decreased cell viability and migration in HCT-116 cells. Flow cytometry and Hoechst 33342 analysis confirmed that COP suppressed cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis. COP decreased Δψm dose-dependently and induced intracellular ROS production time-dependently. Western blotting showed that COP activated mitochondrial-associated apoptosis by down-regulating Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, pro-caspase 3, XIAP level and up-regulating Bax, Bad, cytochrome c, Apaf-1, AIF and cleaved caspase-3 expression. In addition, COP also attenuated PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In vivo study showed that 150 mg/kg COP significantly delayed the tumor development in BALB/c nude mice. Immunohistochemical analysis also confirmed the activated apoptosis in tumor tissue. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that COP induces apoptosis in HCT-116 cells through PI3K/Akt and mitochondrial-associated apoptotic pathway. Our findings suggest that COP has potential to be a therapeutic candidate for colon cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Chongqing productivity promotion center for the modernization of Chinese traditional medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Pu Jiang
- Chongqing productivity promotion center for the modernization of Chinese traditional medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Zhaoxing Li
- Chongqing productivity promotion center for the modernization of Chinese traditional medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Chongqing productivity promotion center for the modernization of Chinese traditional medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Chongqing productivity promotion center for the modernization of Chinese traditional medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Xuegang Li
- Chongqing productivity promotion center for the modernization of Chinese traditional medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ong YS, Saiful Yazan L, Ng WK, Abdullah R, Mustapha NM, Sapuan S, Foo JB, Tor YS, How CW, Abd Rahman N, Zakarial Ansar FH. Thymoquinone loaded in nanostructured lipid carrier showed enhanced anticancer activity in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:1567-1582. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the enhancement of anticancer activity of thymoquinone (TQ) by the use of nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) in 4T1 tumor-bearing female BALB/c mice. Material & methods: TQ was incorporated into NLC (TQNLC) by using high pressure homogenization. TQNLC and TQ were orally administered to the mice. Results & conclusion: TQNLC and TQ are potential chemotherapeutic drugs as they exhibited anticancer activity. The use of NLC as a carrier has enhanced the therapeutic property of TQ by increasing the survival rate of mice. The antimetastasis effect of TQNLC and TQ to the lungs was evidence by downregulation of MMP-2. TQNLC and TQ induced apoptosis via modulation of Bcl-2 and caspase-8 in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sze Ong
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Latifah Saiful Yazan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wei Keat Ng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Noordin M Mustapha
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sarah Sapuan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jhi Biau Foo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yin Sim Tor
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wun How
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Napsiah Abd Rahman
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fatin Hannani Zakarial Ansar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Han B, Jiang P, Liu W, Xu H, Li Y, Li Z, Ma H, Yu Y, Li X, Ye X. Role of Daucosterol Linoleate on Breast Cancer: Studies on Apoptosis and Metastasis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:6031-6041. [PMID: 29878766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The antitumor property of steroids in sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas L.) remains poorly understood. Herein, we investigated the anticancer effect on breast carcinoma of daucosterol linoleate (DL), a steroid isolated from sweet potato. DL inhibited the cell viability of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells at an IC50 value of 53.27 ± 9.02 μg/mL, while the effect was modest in ER-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Flow cytometry indicated that the DL-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells is dose-dependent. However, DL inhibited tumor growth and tumor weight at 100 mg/kg in MCF-7 xenograft nude mice. DL diminished the expression of Bcl-xl, Bcl-2, and XIAP, while increasing Bax, Bad, and activated caspase-dependent apoptosis in tumor tissues. Furthermore, DL inactivated the upstream Pi3k/Akt/NF-κB pathway. In the 4T1 spontaneous metastasis model, DL blocked metastasis progression, decreased the number of visible metastasis foci and inhibited metastasis size distribution in lung tissue. Further studies showed that DL suppressed VEGF, MMP 2, and MMP 9 expression in both tumor and lung tissues. From these results, we can assume that DL is a potential adjuvant therapy for ER-positive breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Chongqing Productivity Promotion Center for the Modernization of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China
| | - Pu Jiang
- Chongqing Productivity Promotion Center for the Modernization of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China
| | - Wuyang Liu
- Chongqing Productivity Promotion Center for the Modernization of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China
| | - Heshan Xu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Sweet Potato, School of Life Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Yuanfeng Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Sweet Potato, School of Life Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Zhaoxing Li
- Chongqing Productivity Promotion Center for the Modernization of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China
| | - Hang Ma
- Chongqing Productivity Promotion Center for the Modernization of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China
| | - Yang Yu
- Chongqing Productivity Promotion Center for the Modernization of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China
| | - Xuegang Li
- Chongqing Productivity Promotion Center for the Modernization of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Sweet Potato, School of Life Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Subban K, Singh S, Subramani R, Johnpaul M, Chelliah J. Fungal 7-epi-10-deacetyltaxol produced by an endophytic Pestalotiopsis microspora induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2). BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:504. [PMID: 29183320 PMCID: PMC5706334 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1993-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paclitaxel (taxol) is a potent anticancer drug that is used in the treatment of a wide variety of cancerous. In the present study, we identified a taxol derivative named 7-epi-10-deacetyltaxol (EDT) from the culture of an endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis microspora isolated from the bark of Taxodium mucronatum. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of fungal EDT on cell proliferation, the induction of apoptosis and the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis in human hepatoma HepG2 cells in vitro. METHODS The endophytic fungus was identified by traditional and molecular taxonomical characterization and the fungal EDT was purified using column chromatography and confirmed by various spectroscopic and chromatographic comparisons with authentic paclitaxel. We studied the in vitro effects of EDT on HepG2 cells for parameters such as cell cycle distribution, DNA fragmentation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and nuclear morphology. Further, western blot analysis was used to evaluate Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), p38-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP) expression. RESULTS We demonstrate that the fungal EDT exhibited significant in vitro cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. We investigated cytotoxicity mechanism of EDT in HepG2 cells. The results showed nuclear condensation and DNA fragmentation were observed in cells treated with fungal EDT. Besides, the fungal EDT arrested HepG2 cells at G2/M phase of cell cycle. Furthermore, fungal EDT induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner associated with ROS generation and increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, p38 MAPKs and PARP cleavage. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that EDT induced apoptotic cell death in HepG2 cells occurs through intrinsic pathway by generation of ROS mediated and activation of MAPK pathway. This is the first report for 7-epi-10-deacetyltaxol (EDT) isolated from a microbial source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamalraj Subban
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012 India
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Satpal Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012 India
| | - Ramesh Subramani
- Department of Biology, College of Engineering, Science & Technology, Fiji National University, Natabua Campus, Lautoka, Fiji Islands
| | - Muthumary Johnpaul
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Jayabaskaran Chelliah
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012 India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ndombera FT. Anti-cancer agents and reactive oxygen species modulators that target cancer cell metabolism. PURE APPL CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2016-1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractTraditionally the perspective on reactive oxygen species (ROS) has centered on the role they play as carcinogenic or cancer-causing radicals. Over the years, characterization and functional studies have revealed the complexity of ROS as signaling molecules that regulate various physiological cellular responses or whose levels are altered in various diseases. Cancer cells often maintain high basal level of ROS and are vulnerable to any further increase in ROS levels beyond a certain protective threshold. Consequently, ROS-modulation has emerged as an anticancer strategy with synthesis of various ROS-inducing or responsive agents that target cancer cells. Of note, an increased carbohydrate uptake and/or induction of death receptors of cancer cells was exploited to develop glycoconjugates that potentially induce cellular stress, ROS and apoptosis. This mini review highlights the development of compounds that target cancer cells by taking advantage of redox or metabolic alteration in cancer cells.
Collapse
|
14
|
Gillissen B, Richter A, Richter A, Preissner R, Schulze-Osthoff K, Essmann F, Daniel PT. Bax/Bak-independent mitochondrial depolarization and reactive oxygen species induction by sorafenib overcome resistance to apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:6478-6492. [PMID: 28154184 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.754184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is polyresistant to chemo- and radiotherapy and biologicals, including TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of RCC, has been shown to sensitize cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, in particular by down-regulation of the Bak-inhibitory Bcl-2 family protein Mcl-1. Here we demonstrate that sorafenib overcomes TRAIL resistance in RCC by a mechanism that does not rely on Mcl-1 down-regulation. Instead, sorafenib induces rapid dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) that is accompanied by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Loss of ΔΨm and ROS production induced by sorafenib are independent of caspase activities and do not depend on the presence of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins Bax or Bak, indicating that both events are functionally upstream of the mitochondrial apoptosis signaling cascade. More intriguingly, we find that it is sorafenib-induced ROS accumulation that enables TRAIL to activate caspase-8 in RCC. This leads to apoptosis that involves activation of an amplification loop via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Thus, our mechanistic data indicate that sorafenib bypasses central resistance mechanisms through a direct induction of ΔΨm breakdown and ROS production. Activation of this pathway might represent a useful strategy to overcome the cell-inherent resistance to cancer therapeutics, including TRAIL, in multiresistant cancers such as RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Gillissen
- From the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, University Medical Center Charité, Campus Berlin-Buch, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.,the German Cancer Consortium and German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Richter
- From the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, University Medical Center Charité, Campus Berlin-Buch, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.,the German Cancer Consortium and German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antje Richter
- From the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, University Medical Center Charité, Campus Berlin-Buch, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Preissner
- the Institute of Physiology and Experimental Clinical Research Center, University Medical Center Charité, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Schulze-Osthoff
- the German Cancer Consortium and German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,the Interfaculty Institute for Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076 Tübingen, Germany, and
| | - Frank Essmann
- the German Cancer Consortium and German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,the Interfaculty Institute for Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076 Tübingen, Germany, and
| | - Peter T Daniel
- From the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, University Medical Center Charité, Campus Berlin-Buch, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany, .,the German Cancer Consortium and German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Choi HE, Shin JS, Leem DG, Kim SD, Cho WJ, Lee KT. 6-(3,4-Dihydro-1H-isoquinoline-2-yl)-N-(6-methoxypyridine-2-yl) nicotinamide-26 (DIMN-26) decreases cell proliferation by induction of apoptosis and downregulation of androgen receptor signaling in human prostate cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 260:196-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
16
|
Li L, Wen XZ, Bu ZD, Cheng XJ, Xing XF, Wang XH, Zhang LH, Guo T, Du H, Hu Y, Fan B, Ji JF. Paclitaxel enhances tumoricidal potential of TRAIL via inhibition of MAPK in resistant gastric cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:3009-17. [PMID: 26986870 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) holds promise for cancer therapy due to its unique capacity to selectively trigger apoptosis in cancer cells. However, TRAIL therapy is greatly hampered by its resistance. A preclinical successful strategy is to identify combination treatments that sensitize resistant cancers to TRAIL. In the present study, we fully assessed TRAIL sensitivity in 9 gastric cancer cell lines. We found combined administration of paclitaxel (PTX) markedly enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis in resistant cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. The sensitization to TRAIL was accompanied by activation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, upregulation of TRAIL receptors and downregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins including C-IAP1, C-IAP2, Livin and Mcl-1. Noticeably, we found PTX could suppress the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Inhibition of MAPKs using specific inhibitors (ERK inhibitor U0126, JNK inhibitor SP600125 and P38 inhibitor SB202190) facilitated TRAIL-mediated apoptosis and cytotoxicity. Additionally, SP600125 upregulated TRAL receptors as well as downregulated C-IAP2 and Mcl-1 suggesting the anti-apoptotic role of JNK. Thus, PTX-induced suppression of MAPKs may contribute to restoring TRAIL senstitivity. Collectively, our comprehensive analyses gave new insight into the role of PTX on enhancing TRAIL sensitivity, and provided theoretical references on the development of combination treatment in TRAIL-resistant gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Zi Wen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-De Bu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Fang Xing
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wang
- Department of Tissue Bank, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Hai Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ting Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hong Du
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Tissue Bank, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Biao Fan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Fu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Smith ML, Murphy K, Doucette CD, Greenshields AL, Hoskin DW. The Dietary Flavonoid Fisetin Causes Cell Cycle Arrest, Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis, and Enhanced Cytotoxicity of Chemotherapeutic Drugs in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:1913-25. [PMID: 26755433 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Fisetin (3,3',4',7-tetrahydroxyflavone), a flavonoid found in a number of fruits and vegetables, has diverse biological activities, including cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of fisetin on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. TNBC has a poorer prognosis than other types of breast cancer and treatment options for this disease are limited. Fisetin inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells, as well as their ability to form colonies, without substantially affecting the growth of non-malignant cells. In addition, fisetin inhibited the growth of estrogen receptor-bearing MCF-7 breast cancer cells and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-overexpressing SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. Fisetin inhibited TNBC cell division and induced apoptosis, which was associated with mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-8, as well as the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1. Induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis by fisetin was confirmed by reduced killing of TNBC cells in the presence of the pan-caspase inhibitors Z-VAD-FMK and BOC-D-FMK. Decreased phosphorylation of histone H3 at serine 10 in fisetin-treated TNBC cells at G2/M phase of the cell cycle suggested that fisetin-induced apoptosis was the result of Aurora B kinase inhibition. Interestingly, the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide metabolite of cyclophosphamide on TNBC cells was increased in the presence of fisetin. These findings suggest that further investigation of fisetin is warranted for possible use in the management of TNBC. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1913-1925, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Smith
- Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Kaylee Murphy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Carolyn D Doucette
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Anna L Greenshields
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - David W Hoskin
- Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fujita Y, Kojima T, Kawakami K, Mizutani K, Kato T, Deguchi T, Ito M. miR-130a activates apoptotic signaling through activation of caspase-8 in taxane-resistant prostate cancer cells. Prostate 2015; 75:1568-78. [PMID: 26074357 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The acquisition of drug resistance is one of the most malignant phenotypes of cancer and identification of its therapeutic target is a prerequisite for the development of novel therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in various types of cancer and proposed as potential therapeutic targets for patients. In the present study, we aimed to identify miRNA that could serve as a therapeutic target for taxane-resistant prostate cancer. METHODS In order to identify miRNAs related to taxane-resistance, miRNA profiling was performed using prostate cancer PC-3 cells and paclitaxel-resistant PC-3 cell lines established from PC-3 cells. Microarray analysis of mRNA expression was also conducted to search for potential target genes of miRNA. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to examine miRNA binding to the 3'-UTR of target genes. The effects of ectopic expression of miRNA on cell growth, tubulin polymerization, drug sensitivity, and apoptotic signaling pathway were investigated in a paclitaxel-resistant PC-3 cell line. RESULTS The expression of miR-130a was down-regulated in all paclitaxel-resistant cell lines compared with parental PC-3 cells. Based on mRNA microarray analysis and luciferase reporter assay, we identified SLAIN1 as a direct target gene for miR-130a. Transfection of a miR-130a precursor into a paclitaxel-resistant cell line suppressed cell growth and increased the sensitivity to paclitaxel. Lastly, ectopic expression of miR-130a did not affect the polymerized tubulin level, but activated apoptotic signaling through activation of caspase-8. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that reduced expression of miR-130a may be involved in the paclitaxel-resistance and that miR-130a could be a therapeutic target for taxane-resistant prostate cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Fujita
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - Toshio Kojima
- Health Care Center, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Kyojiro Kawakami
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - Kosuke Mizutani
- Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Taku Kato
- Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takashi Deguchi
- Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ito
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jelínek M, Balušíková K, Schmiedlová M, Němcová-Fürstová V, Šrámek J, Stančíková J, Zanardi I, Ojima I, Kovář J. The role of individual caspases in cell death induction by taxanes in breast cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:8. [PMID: 25685064 PMCID: PMC4329194 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In previous study we showed that caspase-2 plays the role of an apical caspase in cell death induction by taxanes in breast cancer cells. This study deals with the role of other caspases. We tested breast cancer cell lines SK-BR-3 (functional caspase-3) and MCF-7 (nonfunctional caspase-3). Methods and results Using western blot analysis we demonstrated the activation of initiator caspase-8 and -9 as well as executioner caspase-6 and -7 in both tested cell lines after application of taxanes (paclitaxel, SB-T-1216) at death-inducing concentrations. Caspase-3 activation was also found in SK-BR-3 cells. Employing specific siRNAs after taxane application, suppression of caspase-3 expression significantly increased the number of surviving SK-BR-3 cells. Inhibition of caspase-7 expression also increased the number of surviving SK-BR-3 and MCF-7 cells. On the other hand, suppression of caspase-8 and caspase-9 expression had no significant effect on cell survival. However, caspase-9 seemed to be involved in the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-7. Caspase-3 and caspase-7 appeared to activate mutually. Furthermore, we observed a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (flow cytometric analysis) and cytochrome c release (confocal microscopy, western blot after cell fractionation) from mitochondria in SK-BR-3 cells. No such changes were observed in MCF-7 cells after taxane treatment. Conclusion We conclude that the activation of apical caspase-2 results in the activation of caspase-3 and -7 without the involvement of mitochondria. Caspase-9 can be activated directly via caspase-2 or alternatively after cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Subsequently, caspase-9 activation can also lead to caspase-3 and -7 activations. Caspase-3 and caspase-7 activate mutually. It seems that there is also a parallel pathway involving mitochondria that can cooperate in taxane-induced cell death in breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Jelínek
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Balušíková
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Schmiedlová
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vlasta Němcová-Fürstová
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Šrámek
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Stančíková
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ilaria Zanardi
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - Iwao Ojima
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - Jan Kovář
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Apoptosis resistance, mitotic catastrophe, and loss of ploidy control in Burkitt lymphoma. J Mol Med (Berl) 2014; 93:559-72. [PMID: 25548804 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-014-1242-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Resistance to cell death is the major cause of chemotherapy failure in most kinds of cancers, including Burkitt lymphoma (BL). When analyzing therapy resistance in Burkitt lymphoma (BL), we discovered a link between apoptosis resistance and ploidy control. We therefore studied systematically a panel of 15 BL lines for apoptosis induction upon treatment with microtubule inhibitors and compared three types of microtubule toxins, i.e., paclitaxel, nocodazole and vincristine. We found an inverse relationship between apoptosis sensitivity and ploidy control. Thus, cells resistant to paclitaxel- or nocodazole-induced apoptosis underwent mitotic catastrophe and developed polyploidy (>4N). Mechanistically, apoptosis resistance was linked to failure of caspase activation, which was most pronounced in cells lacking the pro-apoptotic multidomain Bcl-2 homologs Bax and Bak. Pharmacological caspase inhibition promoted polyploidy upon exposure to paclitaxel and nocodazole supporting the relationship between resistance to apoptosis and polyploidization. Of note, vincristine induced persistent mitotic arrest but no loss of ploidy control. Considering targets to facilitate Bax/Bak-independent cell death and to avoid drug-induced mitotic catastrophe and consecutive mitotic catastrophe should be of great importance to overcome therapy resistance and therapy-related events that result in ploidy changes and tumor progression. KEY MESSAGE Inverse relation of apoptosis and polyploidy induction by paclitaxel or nocodazole in BL. Resistant cells undergo mitotic catastrophe and develop polyploidy. Lack of Bax/Bak confers resistance and leads to induction of polyploidy in BL. Intact apoptosis response protects from polyploidy as a result of mitotic catastrophe.
Collapse
|
21
|
HAM SUNYOUNG, KIM KIHONG, KWON TAEHO, BAK YESOL, LEE DONGHUN, SONG YONGSEOK, PARK SUHO, PARK YUNSUN, KIM MANSUB, KANG JEONGWOO, HONG JINTAE, YOON DOYOUNG. Luteolin induces intrinsic apoptosis via inhibition of E6/E7 oncogenes and activation of extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways in HPV-18-associated cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:2683-91. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
22
|
Wadhawan M, Singh N, Rathaur S. Inhibition of cathepsin B by E-64 induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in filarial parasite. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93161. [PMID: 24667798 PMCID: PMC3965533 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current available antifilarial drug strategies only eliminate the larval stages of filarial parasites. Therefore, there is an urgent need of drugs which are macrofilaricidals. Identification of molecular targets crucial for survival of parasite is a prerequisite for drug designing. Cathepsin B, a cysteine protease family member is known to play crucial role in the normal growth, digestion of nutrients, exsheathment of the helminth parasites. Therefore, we targeted this enzyme in the filarial parasite using its specific inhibitor, E-64. METHODS AND FINDINGS We have exposed the parasites to E-64 and observed their motility and viability at various time intervals. It caused marked decrease in the motility and viability of the parasites ultimately leading to their death after 8 hours. It is well known that E-64 protects the cell from apoptosis, however, it causes apoptotic effect in carcinoma cell lines. To understand the mechanism of action of E-64 on parasite survival, we have measured levels of different apoptotic markers in the treated parasites. E-64 significantly reduced the level of ced-9 and activity of tyrosine phosphatases, cytochrome c oxidase. It also activated ced-3, homolog of mammalian caspase 3 suggesting initiation of an apoptotic like event in the filarial parasites. Different antioxidant enzymes were also evaluated to further explore the mechanism behind the death of the parasites. There was marked decrease in the level of GSH and activity of Glutathione reductase and glutathione-s-transferase leading to increased generation of reactive oxygen species. This led to the induced oxidation of fatty acids and protein which might alter the mitochondrial membrane permeability. CONCLUSION This study suggests that inhibition of cathepsin B by E-64 generates oxidative stress followed by mitochondrial mediated apoptotic like event in filarial parasites leading to their death. Hence, suggesting filarial cathepsin B as a potential chemotherapeutic target for lymphatic filariasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Wadhawan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Neetu Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sushma Rathaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sutton KM, Greenshields AL, Hoskin DW. Thymoquinone, a bioactive component of black caraway seeds, causes G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer cells with mutant p53. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:408-18. [PMID: 24579801 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.878739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ) from black caraway seeds has several anticancer activities; however, its effect on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells that lack functional tumor suppressor p53 is not known. Here, we explored the growth inhibitory effect of TQ on 2 TNBC cell lines with mutant p53. Cell metabolism assays showed that TQ inhibited TNBC cell growth without affecting normal cell growth. Flow cytometric analyses of TQ-treated TNBC cells showed G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis characterized by the loss of mitochondrial membrane integrity. Western blots of lysates from TQ-treated TNBC cells showed cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor in the cytoplasm, as well as caspase-9 activation consistent with the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Caspase-8 was also activated in TQ-treated TNBC cells, although the mechanism of activation is not clear at this time. Importantly, TQ-induced apoptosis was only partially inhibited by zVAD-fmk, indicating a role for caspase-independent effector molecules. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and increased γH2AX, as well as reduced Akt phosphorylation and decreased expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis, were evident in TQ-treated cells. Finally, TQ enhanced cisplatin- and docetaxel-induced cytotoxicity. These findings suggest that TQ could be useful in the management of TNBC, even when functional p53 is absent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Sutton
- a Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Induction of apoptosis and necroptosis by 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol is dependent on activity of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e990. [PMID: 24407243 PMCID: PMC4040651 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
24(S)-hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC), which is enzymatically produced in the brain, has an important role in maintaining brain cholesterol homeostasis. We have previously reported that 24S-OHC induces necroptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms by which 24S-OHC-induced cell death occurs. We found that lipid droplets formed at the early stages in the treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with 24S-OHC. These lipid droplets could be almost completely eliminated by treatment with a specific inhibitor or by siRNA knockdown of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1). In association with disappearance of lipid droplets, cell viability was recovered by treatment with the inhibitor or siRNA for ACAT1. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, we confirmed that 24S-OHC-treated cells exhibited accumulation of 24S-OHC esters but not of cholesteryl esters and confirmed that accumulation of 24S-OHC esters was reduced when ACAT1 was inhibited. 24S-OHC induced apoptosis in T-lymphoma Jurkat cells, which endogenously expressed caspase-8, but did not induce apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells, which expressed no caspase-8. In Jurkat cells treated with the pan-caspase inhibitor ZVAD and in caspase-8-deficient Jurkat cells, 24S-OHC was found to induce caspase-independent cell death, and this was partially but significantly inhibited by Necrostatin-1. Similarly, knockdown of receptor-interacting protein kinase 3, which is one of the essential kinases for necroptosis, significantly suppressed 24S-OHC-induced cell death in Jurkat cells treated with ZVAD. These results suggest that 24S-OHC can induce apoptosis or necroptosis, which of the two is induced being determined by caspase activity. Regardless of the presence or absence of ZVAD, 24S-OHC treatment induced the formation of lipid droplets and cell death in Jurkat cells, and this was suppressed by treatment with ACAT1 inhibitor. Collectively, these results suggest that it is ACAT1-catalyzed 24S-OHC esterification and the resulting lipid droplet formation that is the initial key event which is responsible for 24S-OHC-induced cell death.
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu H, Chang S, Sun J, Zhu S, Pu C, Zhu Y, Wang Z, Xu RX. Ultrasound-mediated destruction of LHRHa-targeted and paclitaxel-loaded lipid microbubbles induces proliferation inhibition and apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:40-8. [PMID: 24266423 PMCID: PMC3903397 DOI: 10.1021/mp4005244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although paclitaxel (PTX) is used with platinum as the first line chemotherapy regimen for ovarian cancer, its clinical efficacy is often limited by severe adverse effects. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) technique holds a great promise in minimizing the side effects and maximizing the therapeutic efficacy. However, the technique typically uses nontargeted microbubbles with suboptimal efficiency. We synthesized targeted and PTX-loaded microbubbles (MBs) for UTMD mediated chemotherapy in ovarian cancer cells. PTX-loaded lipid MBs were coated with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LHRHa) through a biotin-avidin linkage to target the ovarian cancer A2780/DDP cells that express the LHRH receptor. In the cell culture studies, PTX-loaded and LHRHa-targeted MBs (TPLMBs) in combination with ultrasound (300 kHz, 0.5 W/cm(2), 30 s) demonstrated antiproliferative activities of 41.30 ± 3.93%, 67.76 ± 2.45%, and 75.93 ± 2.81% at 24, 48, and 72 h after the treatment, respectively. The cell apoptosis ratio at 24 h after the treatment is 32.6 ± 0.79%, which is significantly higher than other treatment groups such as PTX only and no-targeted PTX-loaded MBs (NPLMBs) with or without ultrasound mediation. Our experiment verifies the hypothesis that ultrasound mediation of ovarian cancer-targeted and drug-loaded MBs will enhance the PTX therapeutic efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Shufang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Jiangchuan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Shenyin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Caixiu Pu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Ronald X. Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Programmed cell death (apoptosis) is a coordinated set of events eventually leading to the massive activation of specialized proteases (caspases) that cleave numerous substrates, orchestrating fairly uniform biochemical changes than culminate in cellular suicide. Apoptosis can be triggered by a variety of stimuli, from external signals or growth factor withdrawal to intracellular conditions, such as DNA damage or ER stress. Arrestins regulate many signaling cascades involved in life-or-death decisions in the cell, so it is hardly surprising that numerous reports document the effects of ubiquitous nonvisual arrestins on apoptosis under various conditions. Although these findings hardly constitute a coherent picture, with the same arrestin subtypes, sometimes via the same signaling pathways, reported to promote or inhibit cell death, this might reflect real differences in pro- and antiapoptotic signaling in different cells under a variety of conditions. Recent finding suggests that one of the nonvisual subtypes, arrestin-2, is specifically cleaved by caspases. Generated fragment actively participates in the core mechanism of apoptosis: it assists another product of caspase activity, tBID, in releasing cytochrome C from mitochondria. This is the point of no return in committing vertebrate cells to death, and the aspartate where caspases cleave arrestin-2 is evolutionary conserved in vertebrate, but not in invertebrate arrestins. In contrast to wild-type arrestin-2, its caspase-resistant mutant does not facilitate cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyi Kook
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 2200 Pierce Ave, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Thomas SA, Vasudevan S, Thamkachy R, Lekshmi SU, Santhoshkumar TR, Rajasekharan KN, Sengupta S. Upregulation of DR5 receptor by the diaminothiazole DAT1 [4-amino-5-benzoyl-2-(4-methoxy phenyl amino) thiazole] triggers an independent extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in colon cancer cells with compromised pro and antiapoptotic proteins. Apoptosis 2013; 18:713-26. [PMID: 23435998 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-013-0826-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria mediated signalling is the more common way of apoptosis induction exhibited by many chemotherapeutic agents in cancer cells. Death receptor mediated signalling for apoptosis in many cells also requires further amplification from the mitochondrial pathway activation through tBid. Thus the potential of most chemotherapeutic agents in tumours with intrinsic apoptosis resistance due to changes in molecules involved in the mitochondrial pathway is limited. Diaminothiazoles were shown earlier to bind to tubulin thereby exhibiting cytotoxicity towards different cancer cells. We observed that the lead diaminothiazole, DAT1 [4-amino-5-benzoyl-2-(4-methoxy phenyl amino) thiazole] could induce apoptosis in the colon cancer cell line HCT116 by both pathways. However, in contrast to many other chemotherapeutic agents, DAT1 triggered apoptosis where the intrinsic pathway was blocked by changing the pro and antiapoptotic proteins. An independent extrinsic pathway activation triggered by the upregulation of DR5 receptor accounted for that. The induction of DR5 occurred in the transcriptional level and the essential role of DR5 was confirmed by the fact that siRNA downregulation of DR5 significantly reduced DAT1 induced apoptosis. HCT116 cells were earlier shown to have a type II response for apoptosis induction where extrinsic pathway was connected to the intrinsic pathway via the mediator protein tBid. Our finding thus indicates that the signalling events in the manifestation of apoptosis depend not only on the cancer cell type, but also on the inducer. Our results also place diaminothiazoles in a promising position in the treatment of tumours with compromised apoptotic factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sannu A Thomas
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum 695014, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ma S, Liu X, Xun Q, Zhang X. Neuroprotective effect of Ginkgolide K against H2O2-induced PC12 cell cytotoxicity by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 37:217-25. [PMID: 24225258 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b13-00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria and oxidative stress play important roles in neuronal cell death associated with cerebral ischemia. Elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction are thought to be responsible for cerebral ischemia injury along with neural cells death through several apoptotic mechanisms. In this study, exposure of rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at the concentration of 0.3 mM for 24 h caused significant loss of cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release from cells, ascent of ROS level and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) decrease. Moreover, the activities of caspase-9, caspase-8 and caspase-3 all were increased in H2O2-induced PC12 cells. However, pretreatment with ginkgolide K (GK) solutions of different concentrations (10, 50, 100 µM) for 24 h prior to exposuring to H2O2 significantly increased cells viability, suppressed LDH release, attenuated ROS level, prevented cytochrome c release from mitochondria and boosted MMP expression. In addition, ginkgolide K notably inhibited the caspase-3 and caspase-9 but not caspase-8 activities in exogenous H2O2-treated PC12 cells. These results demonstrated that ginkgolide K protected PC12 cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis by restoring MMP expression, ameliorating oxidative stress and subsequently leading to inhibit the activity of caspase-3 protein. Therefore, the present study supported that ginkgolide K may be a promising neuroprotective compound for cerebral ischemia treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Ma
- Pharmaceutical Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chakravarthi BV, Sujay R, Kuriakose GC, Karande AA, Jayabaskaran C. Inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis-inducing activity of fungal taxol and its precursor baccatin III purified from endophytic Fusarium solani. Cancer Cell Int 2013; 13:105. [PMID: 24152585 PMCID: PMC4016216 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-13-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Taxol (generic name paclitaxel), a plant-derived antineoplastic agent, used widely against breast, ovarian and lung cancer, was originally isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia. The limited supply of the drug has prompted efforts to find alternative sources, such as chemical synthesis, tissue and cell cultures of the Taxus species both of which are expensive and yield low levels. Fermentation processes with microorganisms would be the methods of choice to lower the costs and increase yields. Previously we have reported that F. solani isolated from T. celebica produced taxol and its precursor baccatin III in liquid grown cultures J Biosci 33:259-67, 2008. This study was performed to evaluate the inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis of cancer cell lines by the fungal taxol and fungal baccatin III of F. solani isolated from T. celebica. Methods Cell lines such as HeLa, HepG2, Jurkat, Ovcar3 and T47D were cultured individually and treated with fungal taxol, baccatin III with or without caspase inhibitors according to experimental requirements. Their efficacy on apoptotic induction was examined. Results Both fungal taxol and baccatin III inhibited cell proliferation of a number of cancer cell lines with IC50 ranging from 0.005 to 0.2 μM for fungal taxol and 2 to 5 μM for fungal baccatin III. They also induced apoptosis in JR4-Jurkat cells with a possible involvement of anti-apoptotic Bcl2 and loss in mitochondrial membrane potential, and was unaffected by inhibitors of caspase-9,-2 or -3 but was prevented in presence of caspase-10 inhibitor. DNA fragmentation was also observed in cells treated with fungal taxol and baccatin III. Conclusions The cytotoxic activity exhibited by fungal taxol and baccatin III involves the same mechanism, dependent on caspase-10 and membrane potential loss of mitochondria, with taxol having far greater cytotoxic potential.
Collapse
|
30
|
Caspase-cleaved arrestin-2 and BID cooperatively facilitate cytochrome C release and cell death. Cell Death Differ 2013; 21:172-84. [PMID: 24141717 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2013.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is programmed cell death triggered by activation of death receptors or cellular stress. Activation of caspases is the hallmark of apoptosis. Arrestins are best known for their role in homologous desensitization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Arrestins quench G protein activation by binding to activated phosphorylated GPCRs. Recently, arrestins have been shown to regulate multiple signalling pathways in G protein-independent manner via scaffolding signalling proteins. Here we demonstrate that arrestin-2 isoform is cleaved by caspases during apoptosis induced via death receptor activation or by DNA damage at evolutionarily conserved sites in the C-terminus. Caspase-generated arrestin-2-(1-380) fragment translocates to mitochondria increasing cytochrome C release, which is the key checkpoint in cell death. Cells lacking arrestin-2 are significantly more resistant to apoptosis. The expression of wild-type arrestin-2 or its cleavage product arrestin-2-(1-380), but not of its caspase-resistant mutant, restores cell sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli. Arrestin-2-(1-380) action depends on tBID: at physiological concentrations, arrestin-2-(1-380) directly binds tBID and doubles tBID-induced cytochrome C release from isolated mitochondria. Arrestin-2-(1-380) does not facilitate apoptosis in BID knockout cells, whereas its ability to increase caspase-3 activity and facilitate cytochrome C release is rescued when BID expression is restored. Thus, arrestin-2-(1-380) cooperates with another product of caspase activity, tBID, and their concerted action significantly contributes to cell death.
Collapse
|
31
|
Survivin status affects prognosis and chemosensitivity in epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2013; 23:256-63. [PMID: 23358177 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0b013e31827ad2b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore the clinical significance of survivin expression in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and the effect of survivin small hairpin RNA (shRNA) on survivin expression, apoptosis, and chemosensitivity in the human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR3. METHODS A retrospective review of 90 consecutive EOC patients with a median follow-up time of 51 months was conducted. Survivin expression was examined by immunohistochemistry. OVCAR3 cells were transfected in vitro with survivin shRNA. Survivin mRNA expression levels were detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Flow cytometry was applied to determine survivin protein expression levels and cell apoptotic rates. The MTT method was used to examine the effects of survivin shRNA on chemosensitivity in OVCAR3 cells. RESULTS Positive cytoplasmic expression of survivin was associated with advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, nonmucinous type, high grade, and recurrence. Positive survivin expression was also associated with platinum resistance (r = 0.306, P = 0.003). Statistical results indicated that FIGO stage (hazard rate = 1.649, P = 0.047) and cytoplasmic expression of survivin (hazard rate = 1.734, P = 0.010) were independent prognostic factors. Survivin mRNA and protein levels were lower in OVCAR3S (ovarian cancer cells transfected with a survivin recombinant vector) cells at 24 hours after transfection as compared with controls. The flow cytometric analysis revealed that survivin shRNA induced accumulation of cells in the G0/Gl phase, with a decrease in G2/M phase cells following 24 hours of culture as compared with a nontransfected group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, survivin shRNA increased the sensitivity of OVCAR3 cells to paclitaxel 15-fold (P < 0.05), whereas it had no significant effect on cisplatin (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In addition to FIGO stage, cytoplasmic survivin protein expression is an independent molecular marker for predicting EOC prognosis. Sequence-specific shRNA targeting survivin can effectively suppress survivin expression, enhance apoptosis, and increase the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel but not to cisplatin.
Collapse
|
32
|
Gillissen B, Richter A, Richter A, Overkamp T, Essmann F, Hemmati PG, Preissner R, Belka C, Daniel PT. Targeted therapy of the XIAP/proteasome pathway overcomes TRAIL-resistance in carcinoma by switching apoptosis signaling to a Bax/Bak-independent 'type I' mode. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e643. [PMID: 23703388 PMCID: PMC3674381 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
TRAIL is a promising anticancer agent, capable of inducing apoptosis in a wide range of treatment-resistant tumor cells. In ‘type II' cells, the death signal triggered by TRAIL requires amplification via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Consequently, deregulation of the intrinsic apoptosis-signaling pathway, for example, by loss of Bax and Bak, confers TRAIL-resistance and limits its application. Here, we show that despite resistance of Bax/Bak double-deficient cells, TRAIL-treatment resulted in caspase-8 activation and complete processing of the caspase-3 proenzymes. However, active caspase-3 was degraded by the proteasome and not detectable unless the XIAP/proteasome pathway was inhibited. Direct or indirect inhibition of XIAP by RNAi, Mithramycin A or by the SMAC mimetic LBW-242 as well as inhibition of the proteasome by Bortezomib overcomes TRAIL-resistance of Bax/Bak double-deficient tumor cells. Moreover, activation and stabilization of caspase-3 becomes independent of mitochondrial death signaling, demonstrating that inhibition of the XIAP/proteasome pathway overcomes resistance by converting ‘type II' to ‘type I' cells. Our results further demonstrate that the E3 ubiquitin ligase XIAP is a gatekeeper critical for the ‘type II' phenotype. Pharmacological manipulation of XIAP therefore is a promising strategy to sensitize cells for TRAIL and to overcome TRAIL-resistance in case of central defects in the intrinsic apoptosis-signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Gillissen
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, University Medical Center Charité, Campus Berlin-Buch, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jelínek M, Balušíková K, Kopperová D, Nĕmcová-Fürstová V, Šrámek J, Fidlerová J, Zanardi I, Ojima I, Kovář J. Caspase-2 is involved in cell death induction by taxanes in breast cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2013; 13:42. [PMID: 23672670 PMCID: PMC3685568 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-13-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We studied the role of caspase-2 in apoptosis induction by taxanes (paclitaxel, novel taxane SB-T-1216) in breast cancer cells using SK-BR-3 (nonfunctional p53, functional caspase-3) and MCF-7 (functional p53, nonfunctional caspase-3) cell lines. RESULTS Both taxanes induced apoptosis in SK-BR-3 as well as MCF-7 cells. Caspase-2 activity in SK-BR-3 cells increased approximately 15-fold within 48 h after the application of both taxanes at the death-inducing concentration (100 nM). In MCF-7 cells, caspase-2 activity increased approximately 11-fold within 60 h after the application of taxanes (300 nM). Caspase-2 activation was confirmed by decreasing levels of procaspase-2, increasing levels of cleaved caspase-2 and the cleavage of caspase-2 substrate golgin-160. The inhibition of caspase-2 expression using siRNA increased the number of surviving cells more than 2-fold in MCF-7 cells, and at least 4-fold in SK-BR-3 cells, 96 h after the application of death-inducing concentration of taxanes. The inhibition of caspase-2 expression also resulted in decreased cleavage of initiator caspases (caspase-8, caspase-9) as well as executioner caspases (caspase-3, caspase-7) in both cell lines after the application of taxanes. In control cells, caspase-2 seemed to be mainly localized in the nucleus. After the application of taxanes, it was released from the nucleus to the cytosol, due to the long-term disintegration of the nuclear envelope, in both cell lines. Taxane application led to some formation of PIDDosome complex in both cell lines within 24 h after the application. After taxane application, p21WAF1/CIP1 expression was only induced in MCF-7 cells with functional p53. However, taxane application did not result in a significant increase of PIDD expression in either SK-BR-3 or MCF-7 cells. The inhibition of RAIDD expression using siRNA did not affect the number of surviving SK-BR-3 and MCF-7 cells after taxane application at all. CONCLUSION Caspase-2 is required, at least partially, for apoptosis induction by taxanes in tested breast cancer cells. We suggest that caspase-2 plays the role of an apical caspase in these cells. Caspase-2 seems to be activated via other mechanism than PIDDosome formation. It follows the release of caspase-2 from the nucleus to the cytosol.
Collapse
|
34
|
The caspase pathway of linoelaidic acid (9t, 12t-c18:2)-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Lipids 2012; 48:115-26. [PMID: 23065354 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-012-3728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Trans fatty acids (TFA) are reported to contribute to inflammation and coronary heart disease. The study aim was to investigate the proapoptotic effects of two double bond TFA (TDTFA) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The HUVEC were grown in media supplied with linoelaidic acid (9t,12t-C18:2) at 50, 100, 200, 400 μmol/l for 24 or 48 h to examine the effects of TDTFA on the viability and apoptosis of these cells. Flow cytometry analysis and confocal scanning were used to measure apoptosis, cell binding of Annexin V and propidium iodide uptake. Colorimetric assay and RT-PCR were used to analyze enzyme activities and mRNA expression of caspase-3, -8 and -9 in HUVEC. Results showed that 9t,12t-C18:2 inhibited the viability of HUVEC in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. The percentages of 9t,12t-C18:2 induced apoptotic and necrotic cells significantly increased compared with that of the control. The activities and mRNA expression of caspase-8, -9 and -3 were significantly increased in 9t,12t-C18:2 treated cells compared to that of the control. Addition of specific inhibitors of caspase-8 (z-IETD-fmk) and caspase-9 (z-LEHD-fmk) to HUVEC was found to completely inhibit 9t,12t-C18:2-induced activation of caspase-3, and z-IETD-fmk inhibited the activation of caspase-9. Meanwhile, it was found that mRNA expression of Bid, Smac/DIABLO and the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c were significantly elevated by 9t,12t-C18:2 treatment. These results suggest that 9t,12t-C18:2 may induce apoptosis of HUVEC through activating caspase-8, -9 and -3. Both the death receptor pathway and the mitochondrial pathway may be involved in the apoptosis induced by 9t,12t-C18:2.
Collapse
|
35
|
Onen-Bayram FE, Durmaz I, Scherman D, Herscovici J, Cetin-Atalay R. A novel thiazolidine compound induces caspase-9 dependent apoptosis in cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:5094-102. [PMID: 22867707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The forward chemogenomics strategy allowed us to identify a potent cytotoxic thiazolidine compound as an apoptosis-inducing agent. Chemical structures were designed around a thiazolidine ring, a structure already noted for its anticancer properties. Initially, we evaluated these novel compounds on liver, breast, colon and endometrial cancer cell lines. The compound 3 (ALC67) showed the strongest cytotoxic activity (IC(50) ∼5 μM). Cell cycle analysis with ALC67 on liver cells revealed SubG1/G1 arrest bearing apoptosis. Furthermore we demonstrated that cytotoxicity of this compound was due to the activation of caspase-9 involved apoptotic pathway, which is death receptor independent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Esra Onen-Bayram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Kadıkoy, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ju HK, Lee HW, Chung KS, Choi JH, Cho JG, Baek NI, Chung HG, Lee KT. Standardized flavonoid-rich fraction of Artemisia princeps Pampanini cv. Sajabal induces apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway in human cervical cancer HeLa cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 141:460-468. [PMID: 22449440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Artemisia princeps Pampanini is widely used in Eastern traditional medicine for the treatment of circulatory disorders, such as, dysmenorrhea, hematuria, hemorrhoids, and inflammation, and is also used to treat chronic conditions, such as, cancers, ulcers, and digestive disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of a standardized flavonoid-rich fraction of Artemisia princeps Pampanini cv. Sajabal (FRAP) on the induction of apoptosis and the molecular mechanism involved in human cervical cancer HeLa cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human cervical cancer HeLa cells were treated with FRAP and apoptosis was detected by cell morphologic observation, annexin-V-PI staning and western blot analysis on the expression of protein associated with cell death. RESULTS FRAP led to the cleavages of caspase-3, -8, and -9 and the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in HeLa cells. Caspase-3 inhibitor (z-DEVD-fmk), caspase-8 inhibitor (z-IETD-fmk), caspase-9 inhibitor (z-LEHD), and broad caspase inhibitor (z-VAD-fmk) significantly suppressed the FRAP-induced accumulation of annexin V positive cells. Furthermore, it was found that FRAP caused a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol. Furthermore, the overexpression of Bcl-xL significantly prevented FRAP-induced apoptosis, MMP changes, and the activations of caspase-3, -8, and -9. Interestingly, pretreatment with caspase-8 inhibitor significantly reduced the FRAP-induced activation of caspase-3 but not that of caspase-9, whereas the caspase-3 inhibitor, z-DEVD-fmk, markedly attenuated the FRAP-induced activation of caspase-8. In BALB/c(nu/nu) mice bearing a HeLa xenograft, FRAP dosed at 25 or 50mg/kg significantly inhibited tumor growth. CONCLUSION Our results indicate caspase-mediated activation of the mitochondrial death pathway plays a critical role in the FRAP-induced apoptosis of HeLa cells and that FRAP inhibits the in vivo tumor growth of HeLa xenograft mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Kyung Ju
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Meshkini A, Yazdanparast R. Involvement of oxidative stress in taxol-induced apoptosis in chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:357-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2010] [Revised: 08/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
38
|
Henry RE, Andrysik Z, París R, Galbraith MD, Espinosa JM. A DR4:tBID axis drives the p53 apoptotic response by promoting oligomerization of poised BAX. EMBO J 2012; 31:1266-78. [PMID: 22246181 PMCID: PMC3298004 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2011.498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Depending on the context, cells either arrest or undergo apoptosis in response to p53 activation. Key mediators of both pathways are activated irrespective of the fate choice, but apoptotic cells selectively induce the DR4 death receptor pathway, caspase 8-mediated BID cleavage and activation of BAX. The cellular response to p53 activation varies greatly in a stimulus- and cell type-specific manner. Dissecting the molecular mechanisms defining these cell fate choices will assist the development of effective p53-based cancer therapies and also illuminate fundamental processes by which gene networks control cellular behaviour. Using an experimental system wherein stimulus-specific p53 responses are elicited by non-genotoxic versus genotoxic agents, we discovered a novel mechanism that determines whether cells undergo proliferation arrest or cell death. Strikingly, we observe that key mediators of cell-cycle arrest (p21, 14-3-3σ) and apoptosis (PUMA, BAX) are equally activated regardless of outcome. In fact, arresting cells display strong translocation of PUMA and BAX to the mitochondria, yet fail to release cytochrome C or activate caspases. Surprisingly, the key differential events in apoptotic cells are p53-dependent activation of the DR4 death receptor pathway, caspase 8-mediated cleavage of BID, and BID-dependent activation of poised BAX at the mitochondria. These results reveal a previously unappreciated role for DR4 and the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in cell fate choice following p53 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Henry
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0347, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yang WS, Shimada K, Delva D, Patel M, Ode E, Skouta R, Stockwell BR. Identification of Simple Compounds with Microtubule-Binding Activity That Inhibit Cancer Cell Growth with High Potency. ACS Med Chem Lett 2012; 3:35-38. [PMID: 22247791 PMCID: PMC3256933 DOI: 10.1021/ml200195s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
We analyzed more than 1 million small molecules with
the goal of
finding simple synthetic compounds that potently inhibit cancer cell
growth. We identified three such compounds with unknown mechanisms
of action. Subsequent studies revealed that all three of these small
molecules target microtubules. These three scaffolds can serve as
templates for developing new microtubule-targeted agents, overcoming
the limits of existing microtubule-inhibiting drugs derived from complex
natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Seok Yang
- Department
of Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, Northwest Corner
Building, 12th Floor, 550 West 120th Street, MC 4846, New York, New
York 10027, United States
| | - Kenichi Shimada
- Department
of Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, Northwest Corner
Building, 12th Floor, 550 West 120th Street, MC 4846, New York, New
York 10027, United States
| | - Darnelle Delva
- Department
of Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, Northwest Corner
Building, 12th Floor, 550 West 120th Street, MC 4846, New York, New
York 10027, United States
| | - Milesh Patel
- Department
of Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, Northwest Corner
Building, 12th Floor, 550 West 120th Street, MC 4846, New York, New
York 10027, United States
| | - Egberamwen Ode
- Department
of Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, Northwest Corner
Building, 12th Floor, 550 West 120th Street, MC 4846, New York, New
York 10027, United States
| | - Rachid Skouta
- Department
of Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, Northwest Corner
Building, 12th Floor, 550 West 120th Street, MC 4846, New York, New
York 10027, United States
| | - Brent R. Stockwell
- Department
of Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, Northwest Corner
Building, 12th Floor, 550 West 120th Street, MC 4846, New York, New
York 10027, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yu YL, Su KJ, Chen CJ, Wei CW, Lin CJ, Yiang GT, Lin SZ, Harn HJ, Chen YLS. Synergistic anti-tumor activity of isochaihulactone and paclitaxel on human lung cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2011; 227:213-22. [PMID: 21391217 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance frequently develops in tumors during chemotherapy. Therefore, to improve the clinical outcome, more effective and tolerable combination treatment strategies are needed. Here, we show that isochaihulactone (K8) enhanced paclitaxel-induced apoptotic death in human lung cancer cells, and the enhancing effect was related to increased NSAID-activated gene-1 (NAG-1) expression. CalcuSyn software was used to evaluate the synergistic interaction of K8 and paclitaxel on human lung cancer cells; the synergistic effect of K8 in combination with paclitaxel was increased more than either of these drugs alone. Furthermore, the activity of ERK1/2 was enhanced by the combination of K8 and paclitaxel, and an ERK1/2 inhibitor dramatically inhibited NAG-1 expression in human lung cancer cells. Therefore, this synergistic apoptotic effect in human lung cancer cells may be directly associated with K8-induced NAG-1 expression through ERK1/2 activation. Moreover, over-expression of NAG-1 enhanced K8/paclitaxel-induced apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. In addition, treatment of nude mice with K8 combined with paclitaxel induced phospho-ERK1/2 and NAG-1 expression in vivo. Targeting of NAG-1 signaling could enhance therapeutic efficacy in lung cancer. Our results reveal that activation of NAG-1 by K8 enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel in human lung cancer cells via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Luen Yu
- The PhD Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Järvinen K, Hotti A, Santos L, Nummela P, Hölttä E. Caspase-8, c-FLIP, and caspase-9 in c-Myc-induced apoptosis of fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res 2011; 317:2602-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
42
|
Tang X, Xing Z, Tang H, Liang L, Zhao M. Human cell-death-inducing DFF45-like effector C induces apoptosis via caspase-8. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2011; 43:779-86. [PMID: 21865223 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmr073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cell-death-inducing DNA-fragmentation-factor (DFF45)-like effector C (CIDEC) is a potent apoptotic inducer. Previous studies have indicated that the Fat-specific protein 27 (Fsp27), a mouse homolog of CIDEC, induces apoptosis via caspase-3, -7, and -9 and triggers the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, which implies that the mitochondrial pathway is involved in Fsp27-induced apoptosis. In the current study, we found that CIDEC-induced apoptosis was mediated by caspase-8. The caspase inhibitor assay showed that CIDEC-induced apoptosis was dramatically reduced in the presence of the general caspase inhibitor, the caspase-3 inhibitor, and the caspase-8 inhibitor, whereas the caspase-9 inhibitor only weakly inhibited CIDEC-induced apoptosis. These results confirmed that the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-8 were involved in CIDEC-induced apoptosis. Moreover, in caspase-3- or caspase-8-deficient cells, CIDEC-induced apoptosis were dramatically decreased, which demonstrated that CIDEC-induced apoptosis might require the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-8. Because caspase-8 in general is a key effecter of death-receptor pathway and activated by Fas-Associated protein with Death Domain (FADD), we examined whether FADD was involved in CIDEC-induced apoptosis. Our results demonstrated that CIDEC-induced apoptosis was independent of FADD, suggesting that CIDEC-induced apoptosis might be in a death-receptor-independent, caspase-8-dependent manner. It was also found that the region of amino acid 168-200 in carboxyl domain of CIDEC was critical for its crucial pro-apoptotic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhang Y, Johansson E, Miller ML, Jänicke RU, Ferguson DJ, Plas D, Meller J, Anderson MW. Identification of a conserved anti-apoptotic protein that modulates the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25284. [PMID: 21980415 PMCID: PMC3184134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we identified an evolutionarily highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed protein (C9orf82) that shows structural similarities to the death effector domain of apoptosis-related proteins. RNAi knockdown of C9orf82 induced apoptosis in A-549 and MCF7/casp3-10b lung and breast carcinoma cells, respectively, but not in cells lacking caspase-3, caspase-10 or both. Apoptosis was associated with activated caspases-3, -8, -9 and -10, and inactivation of caspases 10 or 3 was sufficient to block apoptosis in this pathway. Apoptosis upon knockdown of C9orf82 was associated with increased caspase-10 expression and activation, which was required for the generation of an 11 kDa tBid fragment and activation of Caspase-9. These data suggest that C9orf82 functions as an anti-apoptotic protein that modulates a caspase-10 dependent mitochondrial caspase-3/9 feedback amplification loop. We designate this ubiquitously expressed and evolutionarily conserved anti-apoptotic protein Conserved Anti-Apoptotic Protein (CAAP). We also demonstrated that treatment of MCF7/casp3-10b cells with staurosporine and etoposides induced apoptosis and knockdown of CAAP expression. This implies that the CAAP protein could be a target for chemotherapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Elisabet Johansson
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Marian L. Miller
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Reiner U. Jänicke
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiooncology, Clinic and Policlinic for Radiation Therapy and Radiooncology, Clinical Center of the University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Donald J. Ferguson
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States of America
| | - David Plas
- Department of Cancer and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jarek Meller
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Departments of Environmental Health and Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Marshall W. Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yamaguchi R, Janssen E, Perkins G, Ellisman M, Kitada S, Reed JC. Efficient elimination of cancer cells by deoxyglucose-ABT-263/737 combination therapy. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24102. [PMID: 21949692 PMCID: PMC3176271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As single agents, ABT-263 and ABT-737 (ABT), molecular antagonists of the Bcl-2 family, bind tightly to Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bcl-w, but not to Mcl-1, and induce apoptosis only in limited cell types. The compound 2-deoxyglucose (2DG), in contrast, partially blocks glycolysis, slowing cell growth but rarely causing cell death. Injected into an animal, 2DG accumulates predominantly in tumors but does not harm other tissues. However, when cells that were highly resistant to ABT were pre-treated with 2DG for 3 hours, ABT became a potent inducer of apoptosis, rapidly releasing cytochrome c from the mitochondria and activating caspases at submicromolar concentrations in a Bak/Bax-dependent manner. Bak is normally sequestered in complexes with Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL. 2DG primes cells by interfering with Bak-Mcl-1 association, making it easier for ABT to dissociate Bak from Bcl-xL, freeing Bak to induce apoptosis. A highly active glucose transporter and Bid, as an agent of the mitochondrial apoptotic signal amplification loop, are necessary for efficient apoptosis induction in this system. This combination treatment of cancer-bearing mice was very effective against tumor xenograft from hormone-independent highly metastasized chemo-resistant human prostate cancer cells, suggesting that the combination treatment may provide a safe and effective alternative to genotoxin-based cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Yamaguchi
- Program of Cell Death and Apoptosis, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu J, Uematsu H, Tsuchida N, Ikeda MA. Essential role of caspase-8 in p53/p73-dependent apoptosis induced by etoposide in head and neck carcinoma cells. Mol Cancer 2011; 10:95. [PMID: 21801448 PMCID: PMC3160414 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-10-95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caspase-8 is a key upstream mediator in death receptor-mediated apoptosis and also participates in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis via cleavage of proapoptotic Bid. However, the role of caspase-8 in p53- and p73-dependent apoptosis induced by genotoxic drugs remains unclear. We recently reported that the reconstitution of procaspase-8 is sufficient for sensitizing cisplatin- but not etoposide-induced apoptosis, in chemoresistant and caspase-8 deficient HOC313 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells. Results We show that p53/p73-dependent caspase-8 activation is required for sensitizing etoposide-induced apoptosis by utilizing HOC313 cells carrying a temperature-sensitive p53G285K mutant. Restoration of wild-type p53 function under the permissive conditions, together with etoposide treatment, led to substantial transcriptional activation of proapoptotic Noxa and PUMA, but failed to induce apoptosis. In addition to p53 restoration, caspase-8 reconstitution was needed for sensitization to etoposide-induced apoptosis, mitochondria depolarization, and cleavage of the procaspases-3, and -9. In etoposide-sensitive Ca9-22 cells carrying a temperature-insensitive mutant p53, siRNA-based p73 knockdown blocked etoposide-induced apoptosis and procaspase-8 cleavage. However, induction of p73 protein and up-regulation of Noxa and PUMA, although observed in Ca9-22 cells, were hardly detected in etoposide-treated HOC313 cells under non-permissive conditions, suggesting a contribution of p73 reduction to etoposide resistance in HOC313 cells. Finally, the caspase-9 inhibitor Ac-LEHD-CHO or caspase-9 siRNA blocked etoposide-induced caspase-8 activation, Bid cleavage, and apoptosis in both cell lines, indicating that p53/p73-dependent caspase-8 activation lies downstream of mitochondria. Conclusions we conclude that p53 and p73 can act as upstream regulators of caspase-8, and that caspase-8 is an essential mediator of the p53/p73-dependent apoptosis induced by etoposide in HNSCC cells. Our data suggest the importance of caspase-8-mediated positive feedback amplification in the p53/p73-dependent apoptosis induced by etoposide in HNSCC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Section of Molecular Embryology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dorsey JF, Dowling ML, Kim M, Voong R, Solin LJ, Kao GD. Modulation of the anti-cancer efficacy of microtubule-targeting agents by cellular growth conditions. Cancer Biol Ther 2011; 9:809-18. [PMID: 20234172 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.9.10.11453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitotic spindle-disrupting agents target and disrupt microtubule dynamics. These agents include clinically important chemotherapies, including taxanes (paclitaxel (Taxol), docetaxel (Taxotere)) and vinca alkaloids (vincristine (Oncovin), vinblastine). Taxanes are a standard component of treatment for many malignancies, often in conjunction with other cytotoxic agents. However, the optimal sequencing of these treatments and whether efficacy may be influenced by in vitro cellular growth conditions remain incompletely investigated. Yet such preclinical investigations may guide clinical decision making. We therefore studied the effect of cell density on rapid killing by paclitaxel and vincristine. Breast, ovarian and prostate cancer cells were sensitive to rapid killing by either agent when grown at low density, but were markedly resistant when grown at high density, i.e. nearly confluent. The resistance of densely growing cells to rapid killing by these drugs translated to increased clonogenic survival. Pretreatment of densely growing cancer cells with cisplatin followed by paclitaxel, partially reversed the treatment resistance. Gene ontology associations from microarray analyses of cells grown at low and high density, suggested roles for membrane signal transduction and adhesion, but potentially also DNA damage repair and metabolism. Taken together, the treatment resistance at higher cell density may be associated with a lower proportion of active cycling in cells growing at high density as well as transduction of survival signals induced by increased cell-cell adhesion. Collectively these findings suggest mechanisms by which growth conditions may contribute to resistance to rapid killing by microtubule-disrupting drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay F Dorsey
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Biology and Imaging Program, Abramson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sun H, Yu T, Li J. Co-administration of perifosine with paclitaxel synergistically induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells: more than just AKT inhibition. Cancer Lett 2011; 310:118-28. [PMID: 21775054 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Here we report an oral alkylphospholipid perifosine dramatically sensitizes chemo-resistant ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel induced cell death and apoptosis in vitro. We found that co-administration perifosine with paclitaxel in human ovarian cancer cells led to the inhibition of AKT/mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), a marked increase in ceramide and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and a striking increase in the activation of pro-apoptosis pathways, including caspase 3, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). These signaling events together caused a marked increase of cancer cell apoptosis. Combining paclitaxel with perifosine may represent a novel anti-ovarian cancer strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Central Lab., Jining First People's Hospital, 6 Jiankang Road, Jining City, Shandong Province 272111, PR China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Joshi S, Braithwaite AW, Robinson PJ, Chircop M. Dynamin inhibitors induce caspase-mediated apoptosis following cytokinesis failure in human cancer cells and this is blocked by Bcl-2 overexpression. Mol Cancer 2011; 10:78. [PMID: 21708043 PMCID: PMC3142233 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-10-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of both classical (e.g. taxol) and targeted anti-mitotic agents (e.g. Aurora kinase inhibitors) is to disrupt the mitotic spindle. Such compounds are currently used in the clinic and/or are being tested in clinical trials for cancer treatment. We recently reported a new class of targeted anti-mitotic compounds that do not disrupt the mitotic spindle, but exclusively block completion of cytokinesis. This new class includes MiTMAB and OcTMAB (MiTMABs), which are potent inhibitors of the endocytic protein, dynamin. Like other anti-mitotics, MiTMABs are highly cytotoxic and possess anti-proliferative properties, which appear to be selective for cancer cells. The cellular response following cytokinesis failure and the mechanistic pathway involved is unknown. Results We show that MiTMABs induce cell death specifically following cytokinesis failure via the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. This involves cleavage of caspase-8, -9, -3 and PARP, DNA fragmentation and membrane blebbing. Apoptosis was blocked by the pan-caspase inhibitor, ZVAD, and in HeLa cells stably expressing the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2. This resulted in an accumulation of polyploid cells. Caspases were not cleaved in MiTMAB-treated cells that did not enter mitosis. This is consistent with the model that apoptosis induced by MiTMABs occurs exclusively following cytokinesis failure. Cytokinesis failure induced by cytochalasin B also resulted in apoptosis, suggesting that disruption of this process is generally toxic to cells. Conclusion Collectively, these data indicate that MiTMAB-induced apoptosis is dependent on both polyploidization and specific intracellular signalling components. This suggests that dynamin and potentially other cytokinesis factors are novel targets for development of cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Joshi
- Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, 214 Hawkesbury Road, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bhouri W, Bouhlel I, Boubaker J, Kilani S, Ghedira K, Ghedira LC. Induction of apoptosis in human lymphoblastoid cells by kaempferol 3-O-β-isorhamninoside and rhamnocitrin 3-O-β-isorhamninoside from Rhamnus alaternus L. (Rhamnaceae). Cell Prolif 2011; 44:283-90. [PMID: 21535269 PMCID: PMC6496618 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2011.00749.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Kaempferol 3-O-β-isorhamninoside (K3O-ir) and rhamnocitrin 3-O-β-isorhamninoside (R3O-ir) from Rhamnus alaternus L leaves are investigated for their ability to induce apoptosis in human lymphoblastoid cells. We have attempted to characterize apoptotic pathway activated by these two flavonoids. MATERIAL AND METHODS Apoptosis of the human TK6 lymphoblastoid cell line was detected by DNA fragmentation, PARP cleavage and by evaluating caspase activity. RESULTS Apoptosis was observed after 24- and 48-h incubation of the cells with the tested compounds. DNA fragmentation was observed after treatment with flavonoids; this was confirmed by demonstration of PARP cleavage. Caspase-3 and caspase-8 activities were induced by both K3O-ir and R3O-ir flavonoids showing highest activity with compound concentration of 400 μg/ml. CONCLUSION We have demonstrated that K3O-ir and R3O-ir induce apoptosis in human lymphoblastoid cells by the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Bhouri
- Laboratoire de biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté de Medecine Dentaire Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Université de Monastir, Tunisie
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mato S, Victoria Sánchez-Gómez M, Matute C. Cannabidiol induces intracellular calcium elevation and cytotoxicity in oligodendrocytes. Glia 2011; 58:1739-47. [PMID: 20645411 DOI: 10.1002/glia.21044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Heavy marijuana use has been linked to white matter histological alterations. However, the impact of cannabis constituents on oligodendroglial pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the in vitro effects of cannabidiol, the main nonpsychoactive marijuana component, on oligodendrocytes. Exposure to cannabidiol induced an intracellular Ca(2+) rise in optic nerve oligodendrocytes that was not primarily mediated by entry from the extracellular space, nor by interactions with ryanodine or IP(3) receptors. Application of the mitochondrial protonophore carbonylcyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP; 1 μM) completely prevented subsequent cannabidiol-induced Ca(2+) responses. Conversely, the increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) levels elicited by FCCP was reduced after previous exposure to cannabidiol, further suggesting that the mitochondria acts as the source of cannabidiol-evoked Ca(2+) rise in oligodendrocytes. n addition, brief exposure to cannabidiol (100 nM-10 μM) led to a concentration-dependent decrease of oligodendroglial viability that was not prevented by antagonists of CB(1), CB(2), vanilloid, A(2A) or PPARγ receptors, but was instead reduced in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+). The oligodendrotoxic effect of cannabidiol was partially blocked by inhibitors of caspase-3, -8 and -9, PARP-1 and calpains, suggesting the activation of caspase-dependent and -independent death pathways. Cannabidiol also elicited a concentration-dependent alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential, and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) that was reduced in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+). Finally, cannabidiol-induced cytotoxicity was partially prevented by the ROS scavenger trolox. Together, these results suggest that cannabidiol causes intracellular Ca(2+) dysregulation which can lead to oligodendrocytes demise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Mato
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|