1
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Do BT, Hsu PP, Vermeulen SY, Wang Z, Hirz T, Abbott KL, Aziz N, Replogle JM, Bjelosevic S, Paolino J, Nelson SA, Block S, Darnell AM, Ferreira R, Zhang H, Milosevic J, Schmidt DR, Chidley C, Harris IS, Weissman JS, Pikman Y, Stegmaier K, Cheloufi S, Su XA, Sykes DB, Vander Heiden MG. Nucleotide depletion promotes cell fate transitions by inducing DNA replication stress. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00327-7. [PMID: 38823395 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Control of cellular identity requires coordination of developmental programs with environmental factors such as nutrient availability, suggesting that perturbing metabolism can alter cell state. Here, we find that nucleotide depletion and DNA replication stress drive differentiation in human and murine normal and transformed hematopoietic systems, including patient-derived acute myeloid leukemia (AML) xenografts. These cell state transitions begin during S phase and are independent of ATR/ATM checkpoint signaling, double-stranded DNA break formation, and changes in cell cycle length. In systems where differentiation is blocked by oncogenic transcription factor expression, replication stress activates primed regulatory loci and induces lineage-appropriate maturation genes despite the persistence of progenitor programs. Altering the baseline cell state by manipulating transcription factor expression causes replication stress to induce genes specific for alternative lineages. The ability of replication stress to selectively activate primed maturation programs across different contexts suggests a general mechanism by which changes in metabolism can promote lineage-appropriate cell state transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Do
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Peggy P Hsu
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02113, USA; Rogel Cancer Center and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Sidney Y Vermeulen
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zhishan Wang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Taghreed Hirz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02113, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Keene L Abbott
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Najihah Aziz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02113, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Joseph M Replogle
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Stefan Bjelosevic
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan Paolino
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Samantha A Nelson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Samuel Block
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alicia M Darnell
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Raphael Ferreira
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02113, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jelena Milosevic
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02113, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Daniel R Schmidt
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Christopher Chidley
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Isaac S Harris
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Jonathan S Weissman
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yana Pikman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sihem Cheloufi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Stem Cell Center, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Center for RNA Biology and Medicine, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Xiaofeng A Su
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - David B Sykes
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02113, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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2
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Yu F, Chen Y, Zhou M, Liu L, Liu B, Liu J, Pan T, Luo Y, Zhang X, Ou H, Huang W, Lv X, Xi Z, Xiao R, Li W, Cao L, Ma X, Zhang J, Lu L, Zhang H. Generation of a new therapeutic D-peptide that induces the differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells through A TLR-2 signaling pathway. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:51. [PMID: 38272890 PMCID: PMC10810823 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01822-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is caused by clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem cells. Differentiation therapy is emerging as an important treatment modality for leukemia, given its less toxicity and wider applicable population, but the arsenal of differentiation-inducing agents is still very limited. In this study, we adapted a competitive peptide phage display platform to search for candidate peptides that could functionally induce human leukemia cell differentiation. A monoclonal phage (P6) and the corresponding peptide (pep-P6) were identified. Both L- and D-chirality of pep-P6 showed potent efficiency in inducing AML cell line differentiation, driving their morphologic maturation and upregulating the expression of macrophage markers and cytokines, including CD11b, CD14, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. In the THP-1 xenograft animal model, administration of D-pep-P6 was effective in inhibiting disease progression. Importantly, exposure to D-pep-P6 induced the differentiation of primary human leukemia cells isolated AML patients in a similar manner to the AML cell lines. Further mechanism study suggested that D-pep-P6 induced human leukemia cell differentiation by directly activating a TLR-2 signaling pathway. These findings identify a novel D-peptide that may promote leukemia differentiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingshi Chen
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mo Zhou
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Antimicrobial Agent and Immunotechnology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingling Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun-yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bingfeng Liu
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Antimicrobial Agent and Immunotechnology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Antimicrobial Agent and Immunotechnology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuewen Luo
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Antimicrobial Agent and Immunotechnology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Antimicrobial Agent and Immunotechnology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hailan Ou
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjing Huang
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Lv
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihui Xi
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruozhi Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun-yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lixue Cao
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiancai Ma
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun-yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lijuan Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Antimicrobial Agent and Immunotechnology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Dahariya S, Raghuwanshi S, Sangeeth A, Malleswarapu M, Kandi R, Gutti RK. Megakaryoblastic leukemia: a study on novel role of clinically significant long non-coding RNA signatures in megakaryocyte development during treatment with phorbol ester. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:3477-3488. [PMID: 33890137 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02937-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Acute megakaryocytic leukemia (AMKL) is one of the rarest sub-types of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AMKL is characterized by high proliferation of megakaryoblasts and myelofibrosis of bone marrow, this disease is also associated with poor prognosis. Previous analyses have reported that the human megakaryoblastic cells can be differentiated into cells with megakaryocyte (MK)-like characteristics by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). However, little is known about the mechanism responsible for regulating this differentiation process. We performed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) profiling to investigate the differently expressed lncRNAs in megakaryocyte blast cells treated with and without PMA and examined those that may be responsible for the PMA-induced differentiation of megakaryoblasts into MKs. We found 30 out of 90 lncRNA signatures to be differentially expressed after PMA treatment of megakaryoblast cells, including the highly expressed JPX lncRNA. Further, in silico lncRNA-miRNA and miRNA-mRNA interaction analysis revealed that the JPX is likely involved in unblocking the expression of TGF-β receptor (TGF-βR) by sponging oncogenic miRNAs (miR-9-5p, miR-17-5p, and miR-106-5p) during MK differentiation. Further, we report the activation of TGF-βR-induced non-canonical ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT pathways during PMA-induced MK differentiation and ploidy development. The present study demonstrates that TGF-βR-induced non-canonical ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT pathways are associated with PMA-induced MK differentiation and ploidy development; in this molecular mechanism, JPX lncRNA could act as a decoy for miR-9-5p, miR-17-5p, and miR-106-5p, titrating them away from TGF-βR mRNAs. Importantly, this study reveals the activation of ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT pathway in PMA-induced Dami cell differentiation into MK. The identified differentially expressed lncRNA signatures may facilitate further study of the detailed molecular mechanisms associated with MK development. Thus, our data provide numerous targets with therapeutic potential for the modulation of the differentiation of megakaryoblastic cells in AMKL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Dahariya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, TS, 500046, India
| | - Sanjeev Raghuwanshi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, TS, 500046, India
| | - Anjali Sangeeth
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, TS, 500046, India
| | - Mahesh Malleswarapu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, TS, 500046, India
| | - Ravinder Kandi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, TS, 500046, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gutti
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, TS, 500046, India.
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4
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Gažová I, Lefevre L, Bush SJ, Clohisey S, Arner E, de Hoon M, Severin J, van Duin L, Andersson R, Lengeling A, Hume DA, Summers KM. The Transcriptional Network That Controls Growth Arrest and Macrophage Differentiation in the Human Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line THP-1. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:498. [PMID: 32719792 PMCID: PMC7347797 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The response of the human acute myeloid leukemia cell line THP-1 to phorbol esters has been widely studied to test candidate leukemia therapies and as a model of cell cycle arrest and monocyte-macrophage differentiation. Here we have employed Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE) to analyze a dense time course of transcriptional regulation in THP-1 cells treated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) over 96 h. PMA treatment greatly reduced the numbers of cells entering S phase and also blocked cells exiting G2/M. The PMA-treated cells became adherent and expression of mature macrophage-specific genes increased progressively over the duration of the time course. Within 1–2 h PMA induced known targets of tumor protein p53 (TP53), notably CDKN1A, followed by gradual down-regulation of cell-cycle associated genes. Also within the first 2 h, PMA induced immediate early genes including transcription factor genes encoding proteins implicated in macrophage differentiation (EGR2, JUN, MAFB) and down-regulated genes for transcription factors involved in immature myeloid cell proliferation (MYB, IRF8, GFI1). The dense time course revealed that the response to PMA was not linear and progressive. Rather, network-based clustering of the time course data highlighted a sequential cascade of transient up- and down-regulated expression of genes encoding feedback regulators, as well as transcription factors associated with macrophage differentiation and their inferred target genes. CAGE also identified known and candidate novel enhancers expressed in THP-1 cells and many novel inducible genes that currently lack functional annotation and/or had no previously known function in macrophages. The time course is available on the ZENBU platform allowing comparison to FANTOM4 and FANTOM5 data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iveta Gažová
- The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lucas Lefevre
- The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J Bush
- The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Clohisey
- The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Erik Arner
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michiel de Hoon
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Jessica Severin
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Lucas van Duin
- Bioinformatics Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robin Andersson
- Bioinformatics Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kim M Summers
- The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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5
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Feng Z, Chen Q. Raised CD40L expression attenuates drug resistance in Adriamycin-resistant THP-1 cells. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2188-2194. [PMID: 32104283 PMCID: PMC7027340 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia is a common hematological malignancy that often exhibits strong drug resistance when treated using conventional chemotherapy. Although numerous studies have been carried out to develop methods of overcoming drug resistance, the results have generally been unsatisfactory. CD40 ligand (CD40L) has been shown to improve the sensitivity of cancer cells to drug treatment. In the present study, Adriamycin (ADM)-resistant human monocytic THP-1 cells (THP-1/A cells) were developed by incubating THP-1 cells with increasing concentrations of ADM. Cells were transfected with CD40L vectors to explore the potential involvement of CD40L in regulating multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer. Cell proliferation and viability were measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay; cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry, trypan blue staining and caspase-3 activity; and the expression of MDR-associated protein 1 (MRP1) and permeability glycoprotein (P-gp) was analyzed using western blotting. The results revealed that the protein expression levels of MRP1 and P-gp were downregulated by raised CD40L expression and that the combination of raised CD40L expression with daunorubicin (DNR), a drug from which ADM is derived, significantly increased the extent of cell apoptosis, indicating that drug resistance was effectively attenuated by CD40L. Collectively, these results suggested that CD40L may contribute towards reducing DNR resistance in THP-1/A cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Feng
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
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6
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Gao M, Pang H, Kim YM, Lu X, Wang X, Lee J, Wang M, Meng F, Li S. An extra chromosome 9 derived from either a normal chromosome 9 or a derivative chromosome 9 in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia positive for t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3): A case report. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6725-6731. [PMID: 31807181 PMCID: PMC6876330 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Translocation (9;11)(p21.3;q23.3) is one of the most common lysine methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A)-rearrangements in de novo and therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that the KMT2A/MLLT3 super elongation complex subunit (MLLT3) fusion gene on the derivative chromosome 11 serves a crucial role in leukemogenesis. Trisomy 9 as a secondary chromosome change in patients with t(9;11) is relatively rare. The present study reported a unique case of AML with a chromosome 9 trisomy secondary to t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3) through the cytogenetic analysis of leukemic blood and bone marrow. Further characterization with fluorescence in situ hybridization and array comparative genomic hybridization analysis revealed that this extra chromosome 9 was either a copy of normal chromosome 9 or a derivative chromosome 9. Conversely with the previously reported favorable outcome of AML patients with t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3), in the present study, the cells with only translocation persisted, whereas the cells with an extra chromosome 9 disappeared following initial chemotherapy. With this unique case, the present study hypothesized that the extra chromosome 9 could serve a crucial role in AML disease progression and contribute to cellular sensitivity to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hui Pang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA
| | - Young Mi Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA
| | - Xianglan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA
| | - Xianfu Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mingwei Wang
- Clinical Medical College of Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Fanzheng Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Shibo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA
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7
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Feng Z, Chen Q, Ren M, Tian Z, Gong Y. CD40L inhibits cell growth of THP-1 cells by suppressing the PI3K/Akt pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3011-3017. [PMID: 31114244 PMCID: PMC6476227 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s175347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the hematological malignant tumor with high mortality, is still difficult to treat. CD40L is a type II transmembrane protein, which has been reported to have the potential to inhibit growth of some cancer cells. Materials and methods In order to determine the role of CD40L on AML-M5 cell line THP-1, we overexpressed CD40L in the cells using a lentiviral vector system (pHBLV-CMVIE-Zs Green-T2A-puro vector); overexpression was confirmed by the detection of green fluorescent protein and CD40L protein expression. Results Cellular apoptosis, proliferation, and cycle assays showed that CD40L could promote the apoptosis of, suppress the proliferation of, and stimulate the arrest of the G1/S phase of THP-1 cells. Finally, the protein expression of P53, Bax/Bcl-2, cyclinD1, PCNA, PTEN, and p-Akt illustrated that CD40L may partly influence cell growth of THP-1 cells through those genes, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and a PI3K/Akt activator. Conclusion Taken together, CD40L could inhibit cell growth of THP-1 cells through the PI3K/Akt pathway, indicating that the overexpression of CD40L may be a potential target to treat the AML-M5 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Feng
- Department of Hematology, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, .,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Mingqiang Ren
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zuguo Tian
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuping Gong
- Department of Hematology, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,
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8
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Ghasemian Sorbeni F, Montazersaheb S, Ansarin A, Esfahani A, Rezamand A, Sakhinia E. Molecular analysis of more than 140 gene fusion variants and aberrant activation of EVI1 and TLX1 in hematological malignancies. Ann Hematol 2017; 96:1605-1623. [PMID: 28779353 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-3075-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Gene fusions are observed in abnormal chromosomal rearrangements such as translocations in hematopoietic malignancies, especially leukemia subtypes. Hence, it is critical to obtain correct information about these rearrangements in order to apply proper treatment techniques. To identify abnormal molecular changes in patients with leukemia, we developed a multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (MRT-PCR) protocol and investigated more than 140 gene fusions resulting from variations of 29 prevalent chromosomal rearrangements along with EVI1 and TLX1 oncogenic expression in the presence of optimized primers. The potential of the MRT-PCR method was approved by evaluating the available cell lines as positive control and confirmed by sequencing. Samples from 53 patients afflicted with hematopoiesis malignancies were analyzed. Results revealed at least one chromosomal rearrangement in 69% of acute myeloid leukemia subjects, 64% of acute lymphoblastic leukemia subjects, and 81% of chronic myeloid leukemia subjects, as well as a subject with hypereosinophilic syndrome. Also, five novel fusion variants were detected. Results of this study also showed that chromosomal rearrangements, both alone and in conjunction with other rearrangements, are involved in leukemogenesis. Moreover, it was found that EVI1 is a suitable hallmark for hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Atefeh Ansarin
- Tabriz Genetic Analysis Center (TGAC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Esfahani
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azim Rezamand
- Department of Pediatrics, Children Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Sakhinia
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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9
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Upregulation of CD11b and CD86 through LSD1 inhibition promotes myeloid differentiation and suppresses cell proliferation in human monocytic leukemia cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:85085-85101. [PMID: 29156705 PMCID: PMC5689595 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
LSD1 (Lysine Specific Demethylase1)/KDM1A (Lysine Demethylase 1A), a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent histone H3K4/K9 demethylase, sustains oncogenic potential of leukemia stem cells in primary human leukemia cells. However, the pro-differentiation and anti-proliferation effects of LSD1 inhibition in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are not yet fully understood. Here, we report that small hairpin RNA (shRNA) mediated LSD1 inhibition causes a remarkable transcriptional activation of myeloid lineage marker genes (CD11b/ITGAM and CD86), reduction of cell proliferation and decrease of clonogenic ability of human AML cells. Cell surface expression of CD11b and CD86 is significantly and dynamically increased in human AML cells upon sustained LSD1 inhibition. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR) analyses of histone marks revealed that there is a specific increase of H3K4me2 modification and an accompanied increase of H3K4me3 modification at the respective CD11b and CD86 promoter region, whereas the global H3K4me2 level remains constant. Consistently, inhibition of LSD1 in vivo significantly blocks tumor growth and induces a prominent increase of CD11b and CD86. Taken together, our results demonstrate the anti-tumor properties of LSD1 inhibition on human AML cell line and mouse xenograft model. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into the LSD1 functions in controlling both differentiation and proliferation in AML.
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10
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Zheng Q, Wang H, Wang Z, Liu J, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Lu Y, You H, Jin G. Reprogramming of histone methylation controls the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages. FEBS J 2017; 284:1309-1323. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi‐Fan Zheng
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Medical College Xiamen University China
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology Xiamen University China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma Xiamen University China
| | - Hui‐Min Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Medical College Xiamen University China
| | - Zhan‐Feng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery China‐Japan Union Hospital Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Jin‐Yang Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Medical College Xiamen University China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Medical College Xiamen University China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Medical College Xiamen University China
| | - Yuan‐Hua Lu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Medical College Xiamen University China
| | - Han You
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology Xiamen University China
| | - Guang‐Hui Jin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Medical College Xiamen University China
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology Xiamen University China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma Xiamen University China
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11
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MLL-AF9 and MLL-AF4 oncofusion proteins bind a distinct enhancer repertoire and target the RUNX1 program in 11q23 acute myeloid leukemia. Oncogene 2017; 36:3346-3356. [PMID: 28114278 PMCID: PMC5474565 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In 11q23 leukemias, the N-terminal part of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene is fused to >60 different partner genes. In order to define a core set of MLL rearranged targets, we investigated the genome-wide binding of the MLL-AF9 and MLL-AF4 fusion proteins and associated epigenetic signatures in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines THP-1 and MV4-11. We uncovered both common as well as specific MLL-AF9 and MLL-AF4 target genes, which were all marked by H3K79me2, H3K27ac and H3K4me3. Apart from promoter binding, we also identified MLL-AF9 and MLL-AF4 binding at specific subsets of non-overlapping active distal regulatory elements. Despite this differential enhancer binding, MLL-AF9 and MLL-AF4 still direct a common gene program, which represents part of the RUNX1 gene program and constitutes of CD34+ and monocyte-specific genes. Comparing these data sets identified several zinc finger transcription factors (TFs) as potential MLL-AF9 co-regulators. Together, these results suggest that MLL fusions collaborate with specific subsets of TFs to deregulate the RUNX1 gene program in 11q23 AMLs.
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12
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Heo SK, Noh EK, Gwon GD, Kim JY, Jo JC, Choi Y, Koh S, Baek JH, Min YJ, Kim H. Radotinib inhibits acute myeloid leukemia cell proliferation via induction of mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and CDK inhibitors. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 789:280-290. [PMID: 27477352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Radotinib is a BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the second-line treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. However, effects of radotinib on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are unclear. In the present study, we observed that radotinib exerted cytotoxic effects on AML cells. Of the various AML cell lines examined (NB4, HL60, HEL 92.1.7, and THP-1), Kasumi-1 was the most sensitive to radotinib. Results of microarray analysis showed that 417 and 595 genes associated with apoptosis and cell cycle regulation, respectively, were differently expressed (i.e., showed >2-fold difference in expression). Radotinib-induced apoptosis involved the mitochondrial pathway. Moreover, radotinib increased the apoptosis of and induced caspase-3 activity in both Kasumi-1 cells and bone marrow cells (BMCs) obtained from patients with AML. Radotinib also increased cleaved caspase-3, caspase-7, and caspase-9 levels and decreased the number of proliferating Kasumi-1 cells and BMCs from patients with AML. In addition, radotinib induced G0/G1 phase arrest by inducing CDKIs p21 and p27 and by inhibiting CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6. These results indicate that radotinib induces caspase-dependent apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest in AML cells by regulating CDKI-CDK-cyclin cascade. Moreover, these results indicate that radotinib inhibits AML cell proliferation by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and CDKIs p21 and p27. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that radotinib can be potentially used for the anti-leukemic therapy of patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook-Kyoung Heo
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 682-060, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Kyu Noh
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Dong Gwon
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 682-060, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yi Kim
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 682-060, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Cheol Jo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunsuk Choi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - SuJin Koh
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Baek
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Min
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hawk Kim
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 682-060, Republic of Korea; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Chiew MY, Boo NY, Voon K, Cheong SK, Leong PP. Generation of a MLL-AF9-specific stem cell model of acute monocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2016; 58:162-170. [PMID: 27185517 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2016.1180683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute monocytic leukemia (AML-M5), a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), affects mostly young children and has poor prognosis. The mechanisms of treatment failure of AML-M5 are still unclear. In this study, we generated iPSC from THP-1 cells from a patient with AML-M5, using retroviruses encoding the pluripotency-associated genes (OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC). These AML-M5-derived iPSC showed features similar with those of human embryonic stem cells in terms of the morphology, gene expression, protein/antigen expression and differentiation capability. Parental-specific markers were down-regulated in these AML-M5-derived iPSCs. Expression of MLL-AF9 fusion gene (previously identified to be associated with pathogenesis of AML-M5) was observed in all iPSC clones as well as parental cells. We conclude that AML-M5-specific iPSC clones have been successfully developed. This disease model may provide a novel approach for future study of pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention of AML-M5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men Yee Chiew
- a Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman , Kajang , Malaysia
| | - Nem Yun Boo
- a Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman , Kajang , Malaysia
| | - Kenny Voon
- b Research Laboratory , International Medical University , Bukit Jalil , Malaysia
| | - Soon Keng Cheong
- a Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman , Kajang , Malaysia
| | - Pooi Pooi Leong
- a Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman , Kajang , Malaysia
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14
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Zeng C, Wang W, Yu X, Yang L, Chen S, Li Y. Pathways related to PMA-differentiated THP1 human monocytic leukemia cells revealed by RNA-Seq. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2015; 58:1282-7. [PMID: 26582014 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-015-4967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous analyses have reported that the human monocytic cell line THP1 can be differentiated into cells with macrophage-like characteristics by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). However, little is known about the mechanism responsible for regulating this differentiation process. Here, we performed high-throughput RNA-Seq analysis to investigate the genes differently expressed in THP1 cells treated with and without PMA and examined those that may be responsible for the PMA-induced differentiation of monocytes into macrophages. We found 3,000 genes to be differentially expressed after PMA treatment. Gene ontology analysis revealed that genes related to cellular processes and regulation of biological processes were significantly enriched. KEGG analysis also demonstrated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and phagosome pathway. Importantly, we reveal an important role of the PI3K/AKT pathway in PMA-induced THP1 cell differentiation. The identified DEGs and pathways may facilitate further study of the detailed molecular mechanisms of THP1 differentiation. Thus, our results provide numerous potential therapeutic targets for modulation of the differentiation of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChengWu Zeng
- First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - WenTao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - XiBao Yu
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - LiJian Yang
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - ShaoHua Chen
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - YangQiu Li
- First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China. .,Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China. .,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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15
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Heo SK, Noh EK, Yoon DJ, Jo JC, Choi Y, Koh S, Baek JH, Park JH, Min YJ, Kim H. Radotinib Induces Apoptosis of CD11b+ Cells Differentiated from Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129853. [PMID: 26065685 PMCID: PMC4466365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Radotinib, developed as a BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is approved for the second-line treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in South Korea. However, therapeutic effects of radotinib in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that radotinib significantly decreases the viability of AML cells in a dose-dependent manner. Kasumi-1 cells were more sensitive to radotinib than NB4, HL60, or THP-1 cell lines. Furthermore, radotinib induced CD11b expression in NB4, THP-1, and Kasumi-1 cells either in presence or absence of all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). We found that radotinib promoted differentiation and induced CD11b expression in AML cells by downregulating LYN. However, CD11b expression induced by ATRA in HL60 cells was decreased by radotinib through upregulation of LYN. Furthermore, radotinib mainly induced apoptosis of CD11b+ cells in the total population of AML cells. Radotinib also increased apoptosis of CD11b+ HL60 cells when they were differentiated by ATRA/dasatinib treatment. We show that radotinib induced apoptosis via caspase-3 activation and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in CD11b+ cells differentiated from AML cells. Our results suggest that radotinib may be used as a candidate drug in AML or a chemosensitizer for treatment of AML by other therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook-Kyoung Heo
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, 682-060, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Kyu Noh
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Joon Yoon
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, 682-060, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Cheol Jo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunsuk Choi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - SuJin Koh
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Baek
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoo Park
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Myongji Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, 412-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Min
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hawk Kim
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, 682-060, Republic of Korea
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, 682-714, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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16
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MicroRNA-196b promotes cell proliferation and suppress cell differentiation in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 457:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Fleischmann KK, Pagel P, Schmid I, Roscher AA. RNAi-mediated silencing of MLL-AF9 reveals leukemia-associated downstream targets and processes. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:27. [PMID: 24517546 PMCID: PMC3924703 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The translocation t(9;11)(p22;q23) leading to the leukemogenic fusion gene MLL-AF9 is a frequent translocation in infant acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study aimed to identify genes and molecular processes downstream of MLL-AF9 (alias MLL-MLLT3) which could assist to develop new targeted therapies for such leukemia with unfavorable prognosis. Methods In the AML cell line THP1 which harbors this t(9;11) translocation, endogenous MLL-AF9 was silenced via siRNA while ensuring specificity of the knockdown and its efficiency on functional protein level. Results The differential gene expression profile was validated for leukemia-association by gene set enrichment analysis of published gene sets from patient studies and MLL-AF9 overexpression studies and revealed 425 differentially expressed genes. Gene ontology analysis was consistent with a more differentiated state of MLL-AF9 depleted cells, with involvement of a wide range of downstream transcriptional regulators and with defined functional processes such as ribosomal biogenesis, chaperone binding, calcium homeostasis and estrogen response. We prioritized 41 gene products as candidate targets including several novel and potentially druggable effectors of MLL-AF9 (AHR, ATP2B2, DRD5, HIPK2, PARP8, ROR2 and TAS1R3). Applying the antagonist SCH39166 against the dopamine receptor DRD5 resulted in reduced leukemic cell characteristics of THP1 cells. Conclusion Besides potential new therapeutic targets, the described transcription profile shaped by MLL-AF9 provides an information source into the molecular processes altered in MLL aberrant leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin K Fleischmann
- Children's Research Center, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr, von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 2a, München 80337, Germany.
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18
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DACH1 regulates cell cycle progression of myeloid cells through the control of cyclin D, Cdk 4/6 and p21Cip1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 420:91-5. [PMID: 22405764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.02.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The cell-fate determination factor Dachshund, a component of the Retinal Determination Gene Network (RDGN), has a role in breast tumor proliferation through the repression of cyclin D1 and several key regulators of embryonic stem cell function, such as Nanog and Sox2. However, little is known about the role of DACH1 in a myeloid lineage as a cell cycle regulator. Here, we identified the differential expression levels of extensive cell cycle regulators controlled by DACH1 in myeloid progenitor cells. The forced expression of DACH1 induced p27(Kip1) and repressed p21(Cip1), which is a pivotal characteristic of the myeloid progenitor. Furthermore, DACH1 significantly increased the expression of cyclin D1, D3, F, and Cdk 1, 4, and 6 in myeloid progenitor cells. The knockdown of DACH1 blocked the cell cycle progression of HL-60 promyeloblastic cells through the decrease of cyclin D1, D3, F, and Cdk 1, 4, and 6 and increase in p21(Cip1), which in turn decreased the phosphorylation of the Rb protein. The expression of Sox2, Oct4, and Klf4 was significantly up-regulated by the forced expression of DACH1 in mouse myeloid progenitor cells.
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Abstract
The study of three-dimensional genome organization is an exciting research area, which has benefited from the rapid development of high-resolution molecular mapping techniques over the past decade. These methods are derived from the chromosome conformation capture (3C) technique and are each aimed at improving some aspect of 3C. All 3C technologies use formaldehyde fixation and proximity-based ligation to capture chromatin contacts in cell populations and consider in vivo spatial proximity more or less inversely proportional to the frequency of measured interactions. The 3C-carbon copy (5C) method is among the most quantitative of these approaches. 5C is extremely robust and can be used to study chromatin organization at various scales. Here, we present a modified 5C analysis protocol adapted for sequencing with an Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine™ (PGM™). We explain how Torrent 5C libraries are produced and sequenced. We also describe the statistical and computational methods we developed to normalize and analyze raw Torrent 5C sequence data. The Torrent 5C protocol should facilitate the study of in vivo chromatin architecture at high resolution because it benefits from high accuracy, greater speed, low running costs, and the flexibility of in-house next-generation sequencing.
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Chandra P, Luthra R, Zuo Z, Yao H, Ravandi F, Reddy N, Garcia-Manero G, Kantarjian H, Jones D. Acute myeloid leukemia with t(9;11)(p21-22;q23): common properties of dysregulated ras pathway signaling and genomic progression characterize de novo and therapy-related cases. Am J Clin Pathol 2010; 133:686-93. [PMID: 20395514 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpgii1tt4nyogi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We compared pathogenetic features of 32 de novo and 29 therapy-related (t) t(9;11)(p21-22;q23)/MLLT3-MLL acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases to identify progression factors and to assess whether distinction between these manifestations is warranted. MLLT3-MLL rearrangement was commonly the sole karyotypic abnormality at diagnosis, with many secondary chromosomal changes emerging at relapse in both subgroups. Ras point mutations were common in both groups (overall, 18/50 [36%]) and associated with monocytic phenotype and aneuploid progression. Expression patterns of 675 microRNAs profiled in 7 cases were also similar, with let-7 species linked to Ras down-modulation expressed at low levels. Outcome for both groups was poor (relapsed or refractory in 49/61 [80%] cases); however, patients with t-AML were generally older and female, with worse outcome (P = .03), likely secondary to t-AML mostly arising in patients with breast cancer following topoisomerase inhibitor-containing chemotherapy. Ras activation seems to complement the MLLT3-MLL oncogene in transformation with features of de novo and t-AML with MLLT3-MLL being similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranil Chandra
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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21
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Fu JF, Hsu CL, Shih LY. MLL/AF10(OM-LZ)-immortalized cells expressed cytokines and induced host cell proliferation in a mouse bone marrow transplantation model. Int J Cancer 2010; 126:1621-9. [PMID: 19711340 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Several mouse models studying the MLL fusion-induced leukemic transformation showed that a myeloproliferation stage precedes leukemia or occurred as the only phenotype of hematological disorder in mice. We established 6 MLL/AF10(OM-LZ)-immortalized cell lines by retrovirally transducing the fusion gene into bone marrow cells from B6 or congenic GFP-B6 mice. Immunophenotypic and cytological analyses revealed that the immortalized cell lines could be divided into 2 types. Type I had a high percentage of cells expressing monocytic lineage marker CD115 in the medium containing IL3 and could terminally differentiate into granulocytes and monocytes in response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) treatments, respectively. On the other hand, type II had a low percentage of cells expressing CD115. The type II cell lines could not differentiate into granulocytes by G-CSF treatment and died rapidly in response to M-CSF treatment. Transplantation of both types I and II cells induced lethal myeloproliferative disease (MPD)-like myeloid leukemia in most of the sublethally irradiated B6 mice. Flow cytometric analysis of GFP and lineage markers of the peripheral blood cells from MPD mice revealed that the monocytes and granulocytes were generated not only from the donor cells but also from the host cells. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the MLL/AF10(OM-LZ)-immortalized cells expressed mRNAs encoding colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) of M-CSF and GM-CSF and inflammatory cytokines of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha. Our results showed that the MLL/AF10(OM-LZ)-immortalized cells could induce host cell proliferation in the transplanted mice, probably through stimulation by CSFs or cytokines produced by the donor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Fen Fu
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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22
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Forrest ARR, Kanamori-Katayama M, Tomaru Y, Lassmann T, Ninomiya N, Takahashi Y, de Hoon MJL, Kubosaki A, Kaiho A, Suzuki M, Yasuda J, Kawai J, Hayashizaki Y, Hume DA, Suzuki H. Induction of microRNAs, mir-155, mir-222, mir-424 and mir-503, promotes monocytic differentiation through combinatorial regulation. Leukemia 2009; 24:460-6. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2009.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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23
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Kobayashi S, Obata M, Hagihara M, Motohashi K, Ito S, Ohshima R, Sakai R, Maruta A, Kanamori H. The presence of mature granulocytes/monocytes derived from leukemic cells in MLL-associated leukemia. Int J Hematol 2009; 90:591-596. [PMID: 19936877 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-009-0441-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2009] [Revised: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We observed the mature granulocytes/monocytes derived from leukemic cells in patients with acute myeloid leukemia who present mixed lineage leukemia gene (MLL). Morphologic observation and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis (FISH) for chromosome 11q23 abnormality were studied, and a multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was done to identify the fusion partners with MLL. The bone marrow cells with FISH signals of MLL showed the cell differentiation of the myeloid and/or monocytic lineages in 4 of 6 AML patients. MLL partner genes were AF6, AF9, ELL, and ENL, respectively. There was no correlation between the fusion partner and the appearance of mature cells derived from MLL clones. RT-PCR showed the fusion between MLL exon 9 or 10 and the partner genes in mature granulocytes/monocytes. These findings suggest that subgroup of leukemia cells with MLL rearrangement has the differentiation potential of leukemic cells and mature granulocytes/monocytes derived from MLL clones may be biologically different from normal mature cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Kobayashi
- Division of Clinical Laboratory, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masato Obata
- Division of Clinical Laboratory, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Maki Hagihara
- Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 1-1-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, 241-0815, Japan
| | - Kenji Motohashi
- Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 1-1-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, 241-0815, Japan
| | - Satomi Ito
- Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 1-1-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, 241-0815, Japan
| | - Rika Ohshima
- Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 1-1-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, 241-0815, Japan
| | - Rika Sakai
- Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 1-1-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, 241-0815, Japan
| | - Atsuo Maruta
- Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 1-1-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, 241-0815, Japan
| | - Heiwa Kanamori
- Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 1-1-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, 241-0815, Japan.
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24
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The transcriptional network that controls growth arrest and differentiation in a human myeloid leukemia cell line. Nat Genet 2009; 41:553-62. [PMID: 19377474 DOI: 10.1038/ng.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Using deep sequencing (deepCAGE), the FANTOM4 study measured the genome-wide dynamics of transcription-start-site usage in the human monocytic cell line THP-1 throughout a time course of growth arrest and differentiation. Modeling the expression dynamics in terms of predicted cis-regulatory sites, we identified the key transcription regulators, their time-dependent activities and target genes. Systematic siRNA knockdown of 52 transcription factors confirmed the roles of individual factors in the regulatory network. Our results indicate that cellular states are constrained by complex networks involving both positive and negative regulatory interactions among substantial numbers of transcription factors and that no single transcription factor is both necessary and sufficient to drive the differentiation process.
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25
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Fraser J, Rousseau M, Shenker S, Ferraiuolo MA, Hayashizaki Y, Blanchette M, Dostie J. Chromatin conformation signatures of cellular differentiation. Genome Biol 2009; 10:R37. [PMID: 19374771 PMCID: PMC2688928 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2009-10-4-r37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Revised: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 04/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the major genomics challenges is to better understand how correct gene expression is orchestrated. Recent studies have shown how spatial chromatin organization is critical in the regulation of gene expression. Here, we developed a suite of computer programs to identify chromatin conformation signatures with 5C technology http://Dostielab.biochem.mcgill.ca. We identified dynamic HoxA cluster chromatin conformation signatures associated with cellular differentiation. Genome-wide chromatin conformation signature identification might uniquely identify disease-associated states and represent an entirely novel class of human disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Fraser
- Department of Biochemistry and McGill Cancer Center, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, H3G1Y6, Canada
| | - Mathieu Rousseau
- McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, McGill University, 3775 University, Montréal, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Solomon Shenker
- Department of Biochemistry and McGill Cancer Center, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, H3G1Y6, Canada
| | - Maria A Ferraiuolo
- Department of Biochemistry and McGill Cancer Center, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, H3G1Y6, Canada
| | - Yoshihide Hayashizaki
- RIKEN Omics Science Center, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mathieu Blanchette
- McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, McGill University, 3775 University, Montréal, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Josée Dostie
- Department of Biochemistry and McGill Cancer Center, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, H3G1Y6, Canada
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26
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Ryningen A, Stapnes C, Paulsen K, Lassalle P, Gjertsen BT, Bruserud O. In vivo biological effects of ATRA in the treatment of AML. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2009; 17:1623-33. [PMID: 18922099 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.17.11.1623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is mandatory in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). Experimental studies suggest that ATRA can induce differentiation and apoptosis in leukaemia cells also for other acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) subtypes, but the clinical observations are conflicting. DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty-two AML patients with non-APL disease received oral ATRA alone (22.5 mg/m2 twice daily) for two days, the patients thereafter continued ATRA together with valproic acid and theophylline. We investigated the biological effects of the initial 2 days treatment with ATRA alone. Serum/plasma samples were collected before and after 2 days of ATRA, peripheral blood AML cells were collected from all 12 patients with circulating leukaemia cells (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00175812; EudraCT no. 2004-001663-22). RESULTS AML cells collected during therapy had altered flow cytometric forward and right angle light scatters but no morphological signs of differentiation. ATRA increased the percentage of circulating AML cells in G0/G1 phase for 9 out of 12 patients (p = 0.043). Circulating leukaemia cells derived during therapy had increased intracellular levels of P21 (mean increase in mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) being 18.2%, p = 0.017), and decreased levels of Gata-2 (mean decrease in MFI 19%, p = 0.026), NF-kappaB p65 (mean decrease in MFI 15.4%, p = 0.033) and Bcl-2 (mean decrease in MFI 7.2%, p = 0.005). In addition, increased systemic levels of the endothelial marker endocan (plasma) and the angioregulatory mediator angiopoietin-2 (serum) were observed. CONCLUSIONS In vivo ATRA treatment in AML affects leukaemic cell morphology, regulation of cell cycle progression and apoptosis, and possibly also microvascular endothelial cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ryningen
- University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital and Institute of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Bergen
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27
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Lee J, Hwang J, Kim HS, Kim S, Kim YH, Park SY, Kim KS, Ryoo ZY, Chang KT, Lee S. A comparison of gene expression profiles between primary human AML cells and AML cell line. Genes Genet Syst 2008; 83:339-45. [PMID: 18931459 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.83.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), hematologic malignancies are characterized by recurring chromosomal abnormalities. Chromosome translocation t(9;11)(p22;q23) is one of the most common genetic aberrations and results in the formation of the MLL-AF9 fusion gene that functions as a facilitator of cell growth directly. In order to study this type of AML, the cell lines with cytogenetically diagnosed t(9;11)(p22;q23), such as Mono Mac 6 (MM6), have been widely used. To examine whether there is any difference in gene expression between the primary human t(9;11) AML cells and MM6 cell line, genome-wide transcriptome analysis was performed on MM6 cell line using SAGE and the results were compared to the profile of primary human t(9;11) AML cells. 884 transcripts which were alternatively expressed between MM6 cells and primary human t(9;11) cells were identified through statistical analysis (P < 0.05) and 4-fold expression change. Of these transcripts, 830 (94%) matched to known genes or EST were classified by functional categories (http://david.abcc.ncifcrf.gov/). The majority of alternatively expressed genes in MM6 were involved in biosynthetic and metabolic processes, but HRAS, a protein that is known to be associated with leukemogenesis, was expressed only in MM6 cells and several other genes involved in Erk1/Erk2 MAPK pathway were also over-expressed in MM6. Therefore, since MM6 cell line has a similar expression profile to primary human t(9;11) AML in general and expresses uniquely a strong Erk1/Erk2 MAPK pathway including HRAS, it can be used as a model for HRAS-positive t(9;11) AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinseok Lee
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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28
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RAS oncogene suppression induces apoptosis followed by more differentiated and less myelosuppressive disease upon relapse of acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 2008; 113:1086-96. [PMID: 18952898 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-01-132316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To study the oncogenic role of the NRAS oncogene (NRAS(G12V)) in the context of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we used a Vav promoter-tetracycline transactivator (Vav-tTA)-driven repressible TRE-NRAS(G12V) transgene system in Mll-AF9 knock-in mice developing AML. Conditional repression of NRAS(G12V) expression greatly reduced peripheral white blood cell (WBC) counts in leukemia recipient mice and induced apoptosis in the transplanted AML cells correlated with reduced Ras/Erk signaling. After marked decrease of AML blast cells, myeloproliferative disease (MPD)-like AML relapsed characterized by cells that did not express NRAS(G12V). In comparison with primary AML, the MPD-like AML showed significantly reduced aggressiveness, reduced myelosuppression, and a more differentiated phenotype. We conclude that, in AML induced by an Mll-AF9 transgene, NRAS(G12V) expression contributes to acute leukemia maintenance by suppressing apoptosis and reducing differentiation of leukemia cells. Moreover, NRAS(G12V) oncogene has a cell nonautonomous role in suppressing erythropoiesis that results in the MPD-like AML show significantly reduced ability to induce anemia. Our results imply that targeting NRAS or RAS oncogene-activated pathways is a good therapeutic strategy for AML and attenuating aggressiveness of relapsed AML.
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29
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Liu H, Cheng EHY, Hsieh JJD. Bimodal degradation of MLL by SCFSkp2 and APCCdc20 assures cell cycle execution: a critical regulatory circuit lost in leukemogenic MLL fusions. Genes Dev 2007; 21:2385-98. [PMID: 17908926 PMCID: PMC1993870 DOI: 10.1101/gad.1574507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human chromosome 11q23 translocations disrupting MLL result in poor prognostic leukemias. It fuses the common MLL N-terminal approximately 1400 amino acids in-frame with >60 different partners without shared characteristics. In addition to the well-characterized activity of MLL in maintaining Hox gene expression, our recent studies established an MLL-E2F axis in orchestrating core cell cycle gene expression including Cyclins. Here, we demonstrate a biphasic expression of MLL conferred by defined windows of degradation mediated by specialized cell cycle E3 ligases. Specifically, SCF(Skp2) and APC(Cdc20) mark MLL for degradation at S phase and late M phase, respectively. Abolished peak expression of MLL incurs corresponding defects in G1/S transition and M-phase progression. Conversely, overexpression of MLL blocks S-phase progression. Remarkably, MLL degradation initiates at its N-terminal approximately 1400 amino acids, and tested prevalent MLL fusions are resistant to degradation. Thus, impaired degradation of MLL fusions likely constitutes the universal mechanism underlying all MLL leukemias. Our data conclude an essential post-translational regulation of MLL by the cell cycle ubiquitin/proteasome system (UPS) assures the temporal necessity of MLL in coordinating cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Molecular Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Emily H.-Y. Cheng
- Molecular Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - James J.-D. Hsieh
- Molecular Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Corresponding author.E-MAIL ; FAX (314) 362-1589
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30
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Zhou GB, Li G, Chen SJ, Chen Z. From dissection of disease pathogenesis to elucidation of mechanisms of targeted therapies: leukemia research in the genomic era. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2007; 28:1434-49. [PMID: 17723177 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2007.00684.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a group of heterozygous diseases of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells that involves dynamic change in the genome. Dissection of genetic abnormalities critical to leukemia initiation provides insights into the elusive leukemogenesis, identifies distinct subsets of leukemia and predicts prognosis individually, and can also provide rational therapeutic targets for curative approaches. The past three decades have seen tremendous advances in the analysis of genotype-phenotype connection of leukemia, and in the identification of molecular biomarkers for leukemia subtypes. Intriguingly, differentiation therapy, targeted therapy and chemotherapy have turned several subtypes of leukemia from highly fatal to highly curable. The use of all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide, which trigger degradation of PML-RARalpha, the causative fusion protein generated by t (15;17) translocation in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), has led to a dramatic improvement of APL clinical outcome. Imatinib mesylate/ Gleevec/STI571, which inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of BCR-ABL oncoprotein, has now become the new gold standard for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. Optimal use of chemotherapeutic agents together with a stringent application of prognostic factors for risk-directed therapy in clinical trials has resulted in a steady improvement in the treatment outcome of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hence, the pace of progress extrapolates to a prediction of leukemia control in the twenty-first century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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31
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Tonelli R, Sartini R, Fronza R, Freccero F, Franzoni M, Dongiovanni D, Ballarini M, Ferrari S, D'Apolito M, Di Cola G, Capranico G, Khobta A, Campanini R, Paolucci P, Minucci S, Pession A. G1 cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis by histone deacetylase inhibition in MLL-AF9 acute myeloid leukemia cells is p21 dependent and MLL-AF9 independent. Leukemia 2006; 20:1307-10. [PMID: 16617320 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Thomas M, Gessner A, Vornlocher HP, Hadwiger P, Greil J, Heidenreich O. Targeting MLL-AF4 with short interfering RNAs inhibits clonogenicity and engraftment of t(4;11)-positive human leukemic cells. Blood 2005; 106:3559-66. [PMID: 16046533 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-03-1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromosomal translocation t(4;11) marks infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with a particularly dismal prognosis. The leukemogenic role of the corresponding fusion gene MLL-AF4 is not well understood. We show that transient inhibition of MLL-AF4 expression with small interfering RNAs impairs the proliferation and clonogenicity of the t(4; 11)-positive human leukemic cell lines SEM and RS4;11. Reduction of mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)-ALL-1 fused gene from chromosome 4 (AF4) levels induces apoptosis associated with caspase-3 activation and diminished BCL-X(L) expression. Suppression of MLL-AF4 is paralleled by a decreased expression of the homeotic genes HOXA7, HOXA9, and MEIS1. MLL-AF4 depletion inhibits expression of the stem-cell marker CD133, indicating hematopoietic differentiation. Transfection of leukemic cells with MLL-AF4 siRNAs reduces leukemia-associated morbidity and mortality in SCID mice that received a xenotransplant, suggesting that MLL-AF4 depletion negatively affects leukemia-initiating cells. Our findings demonstrate that MLL-AF4 is important for leukemic clonogenicity and engraftment of this highly aggressive leukemia. Targeted inhibition of MLL-AF4 fusion gene expression may lead to an effective and highly specific treatment of this therapy-resistant leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Thomas
- Department of Molecular Biology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Germany
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33
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Montemurro L, Tonelli R, Fazzina R, Martino V, Marino F, Pession A. Identification of two MLL-MLLT3 (alias MLL-AF9) chimeric transcripts in the MOLM-13 cell line. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 154:96-7. [PMID: 15381384 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2004.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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