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Alavi P, Yousef Abdualla R, Brown D, Mojiri A, Nagendran J, Lewis J, Bourque SL, Jahroudi N. Aging Is Associated With Organ-Specific Alterations in the Level and Expression Pattern of von Willebrand Factor. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:2183-2196. [PMID: 37732483 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND VWF (von Willebrand factor) is an endothelial-specific procoagulant protein with a major role in thrombosis. Aging is associated with increased circulating levels of VWF, which presents a risk factor for thrombus formation. METHODS Circulating plasma, cellular protein, and mRNA levels of VWF were determined and compared in young and aged mice. Major organs were subjected to immunofluorescence analyses to determine the vascular pattern of VWF expression and the presence of platelet aggregates. An in vitro model of aging, using extended culture time of endothelial cells, was used to explore the mechanism of age-associated increased VWF levels. RESULTS Increased circulating plasma levels of VWF with elevated levels of larger multimers, indicative of VWF functional activity, were observed in aged mice. VWF mRNA and cellular protein levels were significantly increased in the brains, lungs, and livers but not in the kidneys and hearts of aged mice. Higher proportion of small vessels in brains, lungs, and livers of aged mice exhibited VWF expression compared with young, and this was concomitant with increased platelet aggregate formation. Prolonged culture of endothelial cells resulted in increased cell senescence that correlated with increased VWF expression; VWF expression was specifically detected in senescent cultured endothelial cells and abolished in response to p53 knockdown. A significantly higher proportion of VWF expressing endothelial cells in vivo exhibited senescence markers SA-β-Gal (senescence-associated β-galactosidase) and p53 in aged mouse brains compared with that of the young. CONCLUSIONS Aging elicits a heterogenic response in endothelial cells with regard to VWF expression, leading to organ-specific increase in VWF levels and alterations in vascular tree pattern of expression. This is concomitant with increased platelet aggregate formation. The age-associated increase in VWF expression may be modulated through the process of cell senescence, and p53 transcription factor contributes to its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parnian Alavi
- Departments of Medicine (P.A., R.Y.A., A.M., N.J.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Radya Yousef Abdualla
- Departments of Medicine (P.A., R.Y.A., A.M., N.J.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Douglas Brown
- Oncology (D.B., J.L.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Anahita Mojiri
- Departments of Medicine (P.A., R.Y.A., A.M., N.J.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Now with Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX (A.M.)
| | | | - John Lewis
- Oncology (D.B., J.L.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Stephane L Bourque
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (S.L.B.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Nadia Jahroudi
- Departments of Medicine (P.A., R.Y.A., A.M., N.J.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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2
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Fang Z, Wang X, Sun X, Hu W, Miao QR. The Role of Histone Protein Acetylation in Regulating Endothelial Function. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:672447. [PMID: 33996829 PMCID: PMC8113824 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.672447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC), consisting of the innermost cellular layer of all types of vessels, is not only a barrier composer but also performing multiple functions in physiological processes. It actively controls the vascular tone and the extravasation of water, solutes, and macromolecules; modulates circulating immune cells as well as platelet and leukocyte recruitment/adhesion and activation. In addition, EC also tightly keeps coagulation/fibrinolysis balance and plays a major role in angiogenesis. Therefore, endothelial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of many diseases. Growing pieces of evidence suggest that histone protein acetylation, an epigenetic mark, is altered in ECs under different conditions, and the acetylation status change at different lysine sites on histone protein plays a key role in endothelial dysfunction and involved in hyperglycemia, hypertension, inflammatory disease, cancer and so on. In this review, we highlight the importance of histone acetylation in regulating endothelial functions and discuss the roles of histone acetylation across the transcriptional unit of protein-coding genes in ECs under different disease-related pathophysiological processes. Since histone acetylation changes are conserved and reversible, the knowledge of histone acetylation in endothelial function regulation could provide insights to develop epigenetic interventions in preventing or treating endothelial dysfunction-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Fang
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, United States
| | - Xiaoran Sun
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, United States
| | - Wenquan Hu
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, United States
| | - Qing R. Miao
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, United States
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3
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Chen X, He Y, Fu W, Sahebkar A, Tan Y, Xu S, Li H. Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) and Atherosclerosis: A Mechanistic and Pharmacological Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581015. [PMID: 33282862 PMCID: PMC7688915 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), the most common underlying pathology for coronary artery disease, is a chronic inflammatory, proliferative disease in large- and medium-sized arteries. The vascular endothelium is important for maintaining vascular health. Endothelial dysfunction is a critical early event leading to AS, which is a major risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction. Accumulating evidence has suggested the critical roles of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in regulating vascular cell homeostasis and AS. The purpose of this review is to present an updated view on the roles of HDACs (Class I, Class II, Class IV) and HDAC inhibitors in vascular dysfunction and AS. We also elaborate on the novel therapeutic targets and agents in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Chen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong He
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Fu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Łódź, Poland
| | - Yuhui Tan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Mojiri A, Alavi P, Lorenzana Carrillo MA, Nakhaei-Nejad M, Sergi CM, Thebaud B, Aird WC, Jahroudi N. Endothelial cells of different organs exhibit heterogeneity in von Willebrand factor expression in response to hypoxia. Atherosclerosis 2019; 282:1-10. [PMID: 30665023 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We have previously demonstrated that in response to hypoxia, von Willebrand factor (VWF) expression is upregulated in lung and heart endothelial cells both in vitro and in vivo, but not in kidney endothelial cells. The aim of our current study was to determine whether endothelial cells of different organs employ distinct molecular mechanisms to mediate VWF response to hypoxia. METHODS We used cultured human primary lung, heart and kidney endothelial cells to determine the activation of endogenous VWF as well as exogenously expressed VWF promoter in response to hypoxia. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and siRNA knockdown analyses were used to determine the roles of VWF promoter associated transacting factors in mediating its hypoxia response. Platelet aggregates formations in vascular beds of mice were used as a marker for potential functional consequences of hypoxia-induced VWF upregulation in vivo. RESULTS Our analyses demonstrated that while Yin Yang 1 (YY1) and specificity protein 1 (Sp1) participate in the hypoxia-induced upregulation of VWF specifically in lung endothelial cells, GATA6 mediates this process specifically in heart endothelial cells. In both cell types, the response to hypoxia involves the decreased association of the NFIB repressor with the VWF promoter, and the increased acetylation of the promoter-associated histone H4. In mice exposed to hypoxia, the upregulation of VWF expression was concomitant with the presence of thrombi in heart and lung, but not kidney vascular beds. CONCLUSIONS Heart and lung endothelial cells demonstrated VWF upregulation in response to hypoxia, using distinct mechanisms, while this response was lacking in kidney endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Mojiri
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Parnian Alavi
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | | | - Consolato M Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bernard Thebaud
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute & CHEO Research Institute, Pediatrics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - William C Aird
- Center for Vascular Biology Research and Division of Molecular and Vascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nadia Jahroudi
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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5
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Burke LJ, Sevcik J, Gambino G, Tudini E, Mucaki EJ, Shirley BC, Whiley P, Parsons MT, De Leeneer K, Gutiérrez‐Enríquez S, Santamariña M, Caputo SM, Santana dos Santos E, Soukupova J, Janatova M, Zemankova P, Lhotova K, Stolarova L, Borecka M, Moles‐Fernández A, Manoukian S, Bonanni B, Edwards SL, Blok MJ, van Overeem Hansen T, Rossing M, Diez O, Vega A, Claes KB, Goldgar DE, Rouleau E, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Rogan PK, Caligo M, Spurdle AB, Brown MA. BRCA1 and BRCA2 5' noncoding region variants identified in breast cancer patients alter promoter activity and protein binding. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:2025-2039. [PMID: 30204945 PMCID: PMC6282814 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of next generation sequencing for clinical testing is detecting an escalating number of variants in noncoding regions of the genome. The clinical significance of the majority of these variants is currently unknown, which presents a significant clinical challenge. We have screened over 6,000 early-onset and/or familial breast cancer (BC) cases collected by the ENIGMA consortium for sequence variants in the 5' noncoding regions of BC susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, and identified 141 rare variants with global minor allele frequency < 0.01, 76 of which have not been reported previously. Bioinformatic analysis identified a set of 21 variants most likely to impact transcriptional regulation, and luciferase reporter assays detected altered promoter activity for four of these variants. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that three of these altered the binding of proteins to the respective BRCA1 or BRCA2 promoter regions, including NFYA binding to BRCA1:c.-287C>T and PAX5 binding to BRCA2:c.-296C>T. Clinical classification of variants affecting promoter activity, using existing prediction models, found no evidence to suggest that these variants confer a high risk of disease. Further studies are required to determine if such variation may be associated with a moderate or low risk of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie J. Burke
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Jan Sevcik
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Gaetana Gambino
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Section of Molecular GeneticsDepartment of Laboratory MedicineUniversity Hospital of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Emma Tudini
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Eliseos J. Mucaki
- University of Western Ontario, Department of BiochemistrySchulich School of Medicine and DentistryLondonOntarioCanada
| | | | - Phillip Whiley
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Michael T. Parsons
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Kim De Leeneer
- Center for Medical GeneticsGhent University Hospitaland Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | | | - Marta Santamariña
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica‐SERGASGrupo de Medicina Xenómica‐USC, CIBERER, IDISSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Sandrine M. Caputo
- Service de GénétiqueDepartment de Biologie des TumeursInstitut CurieParisFrance
| | - Elizabeth Santana dos Santos
- Service de GénétiqueDepartment de Biologie des TumeursInstitut CurieParisFrance
- Department of oncologyCenter for Translational OncologyCancer Institute of the State of São Paulo ‐ ICESPSão PauloBrazil
- A.C.Camargo Cancer CenterSão PauloBrazil
| | - Jana Soukupova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Marketa Janatova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Petra Zemankova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Klara Lhotova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Lenka Stolarova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Mariana Borecka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | | | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical GeneticsDepartment of Medical Oncology and HematologyFondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT)MilanItaly
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and GeneticsIstituto Europeo di OncologiaMilanItaly
| | - ENIGMA Consortium
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Stacey L. Edwards
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Maria Rossing
- Center for Genomic MedicineCopenhagen University Hospital, RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics GroupVall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO)BarcelonaSpain
- Area of Clinical and Molecular GeneticsUniversity Hospital Vall d'Hebron (UHVH)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica‐SERGASGrupo de Medicina Xenómica‐USC, CIBERER, IDISSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Kathleen B.M. Claes
- Center for Medical GeneticsGhent University Hospitaland Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | | | | | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic TestingDepartment of ResearchFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di MilanoMilanItaly
| | | | - Peter K. Rogan
- University of Western Ontario, Department of BiochemistrySchulich School of Medicine and DentistryLondonOntarioCanada
- CytoGnomix Inc.LondonOntarioCanada
| | - Maria Caligo
- Section of Molecular GeneticsDepartment of Laboratory MedicineUniversity Hospital of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Melissa A. Brown
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
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6
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Krönung SK, Beyer U, Chiaramonte ML, Dolfini D, Mantovani R, Dobbelstein M. LTR12 promoter activation in a broad range of human tumor cells by HDAC inhibition. Oncotarget 2018; 7:33484-97. [PMID: 27172897 PMCID: PMC5085097 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A considerable proportion of the human genome consists of transposable elements, including the long terminal repeats (LTRs) of endogenous retroviruses. During evolution, such LTRs were occasionally inserted upstream of protein-coding genes, contributing to their regulation. We previously identified the LTR12 from endogenous retrovirus 9 (ERV9) as a regulator of proapoptotic genes such as TP63 or TNFRSF10B. The promoter activity of LTR12 is largely confined to the testes, silenced in testicular carcinoma, but reactivated in testicular cancer cells by broad-range histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. Here we show that inhibition of HDAC1-3 is sufficient for LTR12 activation. Importantly, HDAC inhibitors induce LTR12 activity not only in testicular cancer cells, but also in cells derived from many additional tumor species. Finally, we characterize the transcription factor NF-Y as a mediator of LTR12 promoter activity and HDAC inhibitor-induced apoptosis, in the context of widespread genomic binding of NF-Y to specific LTR12 sequences. Thus, HDAC inhibitor-driven LTR12 activation represents a generally applicable means to induce proapoptotic genes in human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja K Krönung
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University Medical Center, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Beyer
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University Medical Center, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Diletta Dolfini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, UniversitàdegliStudi di Milano, Via Celoria, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Mantovani
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, UniversitàdegliStudi di Milano, Via Celoria, Milan, Italy
| | - Matthias Dobbelstein
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University Medical Center, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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7
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Gurtner A, Manni I, Piaggio G. NF-Y in cancer: Impact on cell transformation of a gene essential for proliferation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2016; 1860:604-616. [PMID: 27939755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
NF-Y is a ubiquitous heterotrimeric transcription factor with a binding affinity for the CCAAT consensus motif, one of the most common cis-acting element in the promoter and enhancer regions of eukaryote genes in direct (CCAAT) or reverse (ATTGG) orientation. NF-Y consists of three subunits, NF-YA, the regulatory subunit of the trimer, NF-YB, and NF-YC, all required for CCAAT binding. Growing evidence in cells and animal models support the notion that NF-Y, driving transcription of a plethora of cell cycle regulatory genes, is a key player in the regulation of proliferation. Proper control of cellular growth is critical for cancer prevention and uncontrolled proliferation is a hallmark of cancer cells. Indeed, during cell transformation aberrant molecular pathways disrupt mechanisms controlling proliferation and many growth regulatory genes are altered in tumors. Here, we review bioinformatics, molecular and functional evidence indicating the involvement of the cell cycle regulator NF-Y in cancer-associated pathways. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Nuclear Factor Y in Development and Disease, edited by Prof. Roberto Mantovani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymone Gurtner
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, UOSD SAFU, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Manni
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, UOSD SAFU, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Piaggio
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, UOSD SAFU, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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8
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Ma J, Wang P, Yao Y, Liu Y, Li Z, Liu X, Li Z, Zhao X, Xi Z, Teng H, Liu J, Xue Y. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA MALAT1 increases the blood–tumor barrier permeability by up-regulating miR-140. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2016; 1859:324-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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9
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Iordanskiy S, Van Duyne R, Sampey GC, Woodson CM, Fry K, Saifuddin M, Guo J, Wu Y, Romerio F, Kashanchi F. Therapeutic doses of irradiation activate viral transcription and induce apoptosis in HIV-1 infected cells. Virology 2015; 485:1-15. [PMID: 26184775 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The highly active antiretroviral therapy reduces HIV-1 RNA in plasma to undetectable levels. However, the virus continues to persist in the long-lived resting CD4(+) T cells, macrophages and astrocytes which form a viral reservoir in infected individuals. Reactivation of viral transcription is critical since the host immune response in combination with antiretroviral therapy may eradicate the virus. Using the chronically HIV-1 infected T lymphoblastoid and monocytic cell lines, primary quiescent CD4(+) T cells and humanized mice infected with dual-tropic HIV-1 89.6, we examined the effect of various X-ray irradiation (IR) doses (used for HIV-related lymphoma treatment and lower doses) on HIV-1 transcription and viability of infected cells. Treatment of both T cells and monocytes with IR, a well-defined stress signal, led to increase of HIV-1 transcription, as evidenced by the presence of RNA polymerase II and reduction of HDAC1 and methyl transferase SUV39H1 on the HIV-1 promoter. This correlated with the increased GFP signal and elevated level of intracellular HIV-1 RNA in the IR-treated quiescent CD4(+) T cells infected with GFP-encoding HIV-1. Exposition of latently HIV-1infected monocytes treated with PKC agonist bryostatin 1 to IR enhanced transcription activation effect of this latency-reversing agent. Increased HIV-1 replication after IR correlated with higher cell death: the level of phosphorylated Ser46 in p53, responsible for apoptosis induction, was markedly higher in the HIV-1 infected cells following IR treatment. Exposure of HIV-1 infected humanized mice with undetectable viral RNA level to IR resulted in a significant increase of HIV-1 RNA in plasma, lung and brain tissues. Collectively, these data point to the use of low to moderate dose of IR alone or in combination with HIV-1 transcription activators as a potential application for the "Shock and Kill" strategy for latently HIV-1 infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Iordanskiy
- School of Systems Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Rachel Van Duyne
- School of Systems Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Gavin C Sampey
- School of Systems Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Caitlin M Woodson
- School of Systems Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Kelsi Fry
- School of Systems Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Mohammed Saifuddin
- School of Systems Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Jia Guo
- School of Systems Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Yuntao Wu
- School of Systems Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Fabio Romerio
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Fatah Kashanchi
- School of Systems Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
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10
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Antagonistic controls of chromatin and mRNA start site selection by Tup family corepressors and the CCAAT-binding factor. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 35:847-55. [PMID: 25535331 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00924-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tup family corepressors contribute to critical cellular responses, such as the stress response and differentiation, presumably by inducing repressive chromatin, though the precise repression mechanism remains to be elucidated. The Schizosaccharomyces pombe fission yeast Tup family corepressors Tup11 and Tup12 (Tup11/12), which are orthologs of Tup1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae budding yeast and Groucho in Drosophila, negatively control chromatin and the transcriptional activity of some stress-responsive genes. Here, we demonstrate that Tup11/12 repress transcription of a gluconeogenesis gene, fbp1⁺, by three distinct mechanisms. First, Tup11/12 inhibit chromatin remodeling in the fbp1⁺ promoter region where the Atf1 and Rst2 transcriptional activators bind. Second, they repress the formation of an open chromatin configuration at the fbp1⁺ TATA box. Third, they repress mRNA transcription per se by regulating basic transcription factors. These inhibitory actions of Tup11/12 are antagonized by three different types of transcriptional activators: CREB/ATF-type Atf1, C₂H₂zinc finger-type Rst2, and CBF/NF-Y-type Php5 proteins. We also found that impaired chromatin remodeling and fbp1⁺ mRNA transcription in php5Δ strains are rescued by the double deletions of tup11⁺ and tup12⁺, although the distribution of the transcription start sites becomes broader than that in wild-type cells. These data reveal a new mechanism of precise determination of the mRNA start site by Tup family corepressors and CBF/NF-Y proteins.
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11
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Lin YC, Chen YN, Lin KF, Wang FF, Chou TY, Chen MY. Association of p21 with NF-YA suppresses the expression of Polo-like kinase 1 and prevents mitotic death in response to DNA damage. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e987. [PMID: 24407240 PMCID: PMC4040702 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is an important mitotic kinase and its expression is tightly regulated in the cell cycle and in the DNA damage response. PLK1 expression is previously shown to be suppressed by p53 and/or p21. Here, we demonstrate that the CCAAT box in the PLK1 promoter is pivotal for p53/p21-mediated PLK1 repression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) associated with the CCAAT box-containing region of PLK1 promoter in unstressed cells, whereas adriamycin (ADR) induced the recruitment of p21 with a concomitant reduction in the occupancy of CDK2 in this region. Expression of p21 inhibited the interaction between CDK2 and the nuclear factor YA (NF-YA) subunit of the CCAAT box-binding transcription factor NF-Y. A mutant p21 that is defective in CDK2 binding was unable to disrupt the CDK2-NF-YA interaction or suppress PLK1 transcription. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated the interaction between NF-YA and p21, and in vitro assays showed that p21 could directly bind to NF-YA. Knockdown of NF-YA decreased the amount of PLK1 promoter-associated p21 and abolished p21-mediated PLK1 repression in cells treated with ADR. Depletion of NF-YA diminished the p53-regulated transcriptional activation and suppressed the p53-mediated protection from mitotic death after DNA damage, and these effects of NF-YA deletion were alleviated by PLK1 depletion. Our findings have uncovered a novel p21/NF-YA/PLK1 axis critical for maintaining the checkpoint function of p53 to prevent mitotic death in the DNA damage-induced response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-N Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K-F Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - F-F Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T-Y Chou
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M-Y Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center and Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Shi X, Metges CC, Seyfert HM. Interaction of C/EBP-beta and NF-Y factors constrains activity levels of the nutritionally controlled promoter IA expressing the acetyl-CoA carboxylase-alpha gene in cattle. BMC Mol Biol 2012; 13:21. [PMID: 22738246 PMCID: PMC3441787 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-13-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase-alpha (ACC-α) is rate limiting for de novo fatty acid synthesis. Among the four promoters expressing the bovine gene, promoter IA (PIA) is dominantly active in lipogenic tissues. This promoter is in principal repressed but activated under favorable nutritional conditions. Previous analyses already coarsely delineated the repressive elements on the distal promoter but did not resolve the molecular nature of the repressor. Knowledge about the molecular functioning of this repressor is fundamental to understanding the nutrition mediated regulation of PIA activity. We analyzed here the molecular mechanism calibrating PIA activity. Results We finely mapped the repressor binding sites in reporter gene assays and demonstrate together with Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays that nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-β (C/EBPβ) each separately repress PIA activity by binding to their cognate low affinity sites, located on distal elements of the promoter. Simultaneous binding of both factors results in strongest repression. Paradoxically, over expression of NFY factors, but also - and even more so - of C/EBPβ significantly activated the promoter when bound to high affinity sites on the proximal promoter. However, co-transfection experiments revealed that NF-Y may eventually diminish the strong stimulatory effect of C/EBPβ at the proximal PIA in a dose dependent fashion. We validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation, that NF-Y and C/EBP factors may physically interact. Conclusion The proximal promoter segment of PIA appears to be principally in an active state, since even minute concentrations of both, NF-Y and C/EBPβ factors can saturate the high affinity activator sites. Higher factor concentrations will saturate the low affinity repressive sites on the distal promoter resulting in reduced and calibrated promoter activity. Based on measurements of the mRNA concentrations of those factors in different tissues we propose that the interplay of both factors may set tissue-specific limits for PIA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanming Shi
- Research Unit for Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
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13
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Cha-Molstad H, Xu G, Chen J, Jing G, Young ME, Chatham JC, Shalev A. Calcium channel blockers act through nuclear factor Y to control transcription of key cardiac genes. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 82:541-9. [PMID: 22734068 DOI: 10.1124/mol.112.078253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
First-generation calcium channel blockers such as verapamil are a widely used class of antihypertensive drugs that block L-type calcium channels. We recently discovered that they also reduce cardiac expression of proapoptotic thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), suggesting that they may have unappreciated transcriptional effects. By use of TXNIP promoter deletion and mutation studies, we found that a CCAAT element was mediating verapamil-induced transcriptional repression and identified nuclear factor Y (NFY) to be the responsible transcription factor as assessed by overexpression/knockdown and luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in cardiomyocytes and in vivo in diabetic mice receiving oral verapamil. We further discovered that increased NFY-DNA binding was associated with histone H4 deacetylation and transcriptional repression and mediated by inhibition of calcineurin signaling. It is noteworthy that the transcriptional control conferred by this newly identified verapamil-calcineurin-NFY signaling cascade was not limited to TXNIP, suggesting that it may modulate the expression of other NFY targets. Thus, verapamil induces a calcineurin-NFY signaling pathway that controls cardiac gene transcription and apoptosis and thereby may affect cardiac biology in previously unrecognized ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjoo Cha-Molstad
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-2182, USA
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14
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The NF-Y/p53 liaison: well beyond repression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2011; 1825:131-9. [PMID: 22138487 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
NF-Y is a sequence-specific transcription factor - TF - targeting the common CCAAT promoter element. p53 is a master TF controlling the response to stress signals endangering genome integrity, often mutated in human cancers. The NF-Y/p53 - and p63, p73 - interaction results in transcriptional repression of a subset of genes within the vast NF-Y regulome under DNA-damage conditions. Recent data shows that NF-Y is also involved in pro-apoptotic activities, either directly, by mediating p53 transcriptional activation, or indirectly, by being targeted by a non coding RNA, PANDA. The picture is subverted in cells carrying Gain-of-function mutant p53, through interactions with TopBP1, a protein also involved in DNA repair and replication. In summary, the connection between p53 and NF-Y is crucial in determining cell survival or death.
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15
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Dolfini D, Gatta R, Mantovani R. NF-Y and the transcriptional activation of CCAAT promoters. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 47:29-49. [PMID: 22050321 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2011.628970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The CCAAT box promoter element and NF-Y, the transcription factor (TF) that binds to it, were among the first cis-elements and trans-acting factors identified; their interplay is required for transcriptional activation of a sizeable number of eukaryotic genes. NF-Y consists of three evolutionarily conserved subunits: a dimer of NF-YB and NF-YC which closely resembles a histone, and the "innovative" NF-YA. In this review, we will provide an update on the functional and biological features that make NF-Y a fundamental link between chromatin and transcription. The last 25 years have witnessed a spectacular increase in our knowledge of how genes are regulated: from the identification of cis-acting sequences in promoters and enhancers, and the biochemical characterization of the corresponding TFs, to the merging of chromatin studies with the investigation of enzymatic machines that regulate epigenetic states. Originally identified and studied in yeast and mammals, NF-Y - also termed CBF and CP1 - is composed of three subunits, NF-YA, NF-YB and NF-YC. The complex recognizes the CCAAT pentanucleotide and specific flanking nucleotides with high specificity (Dorn et al., 1997; Hatamochi et al., 1988; Hooft van Huijsduijnen et al, 1987; Kim & Sheffery, 1990). A compelling set of bioinformatics studies clarified that the NF-Y preferred binding site is one of the most frequent promoter elements (Suzuki et al., 2001, 2004; Elkon et al., 2003; Mariño-Ramírez et al., 2004; FitzGerald et al., 2004; Linhart et al., 2005; Zhu et al., 2005; Lee et al., 2007; Abnizova et al., 2007; Grskovic et al., 2007; Halperin et al., 2009; Häkkinen et al., 2011). The same consensus, as determined by mutagenesis and SELEX studies (Bi et al., 1997), was also retrieved in ChIP-on-chip analysis (Testa et al., 2005; Ceribelli et al., 2006; Ceribelli et al., 2008; Reed et al., 2008). Additional structural features of the CCAAT box - position, orientation, presence of multiple Transcriptional Start Sites - were previously reviewed (Dolfini et al., 2009) and will not be considered in detail here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diletta Dolfini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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16
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Ahn J, Choi JH, Won M, Kang CM, Gyun MR, Park HM, Kim CH, Chung KS. The activation of p38 MAPK primarily contributes to UV-induced RhoB expression by recruiting the c-Jun and p300 to the distal CCAAT box of the RhoB promoter. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 409:211-6. [PMID: 21565167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.04.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The Ras-related small GTP-binding protein RhoB is rapidly induced in response to genotoxic stresses caused by ionizing radiation. It is known that UV-induced RhoB expression results from the binding of activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) via NF-Y to the inverted CCAAT box (-23) of the RhoB promoter. Here, we show that the association of c-Jun with the distal CCAAT box (-72) is primarily involved in UV-induced RhoB expression and p38 MAPK regulated RhoB induction through the distal CCAAT box. UV-induced RhoB expression and apoptosis were markedly attenuated by pretreatment with the p38 MAPK inhibitor. siRNA knockdown of RhoB, ATF2 and c-Jun resulted in decreased RhoB expression and eventually restored the growth of UV-irradiated Jurkat cells. In the reporter assay using luciferase under the RhoB promoter, inhibition of RhoB promoter activity by the p38 inhibitor and knockdown of c-Jun using siRNA occurred through the distal CCAAT box. Immunoprecipitation and DNA affinity protein binding assays revealed the association of c-Jun and p300 via NF-YA and the dissociation of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) via c-Jun recruitment to the CCAAT boxes of the RhoB promoter. These results suggest that the activation of p38 MAPK primarily contributes to UV-induced RhoB expression by recruiting the c-Jun and p300 proteins to the distal CCAAT box of the RhoB promoter in Jurkat cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Ahn
- Genome Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
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17
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ATM-dependent IGF-1 induction regulates secretory clusterin expression after DNA damage and in genetic instability. Oncogene 2011; 30:3745-54. [PMID: 21460853 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Secretory clusterin (sCLU) is a stress-induced, pro-survival glycoprotein elevated in early-stage cancers, in particular in APC/Min-defective colon cancers. sCLU is upregulated after exposure to various cytotoxic agents, including ionizing radiation (IR), leading to a survival advantage. We found that stimulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-1R protein kinase signaling was required for sCLU induction after IR exposure. Here, we show that activation of Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated kinase (ATM) by endogenous or exogenous forms of DNA damage was required to relieve basal repression of IGF-1 transcription by the p53/NF-YA complex, leading to sCLU expression. Although p53 levels were stabilized and elevated after DNA damage, dissociation of NF-YA, and thereby p53, from the IGF-1 promoter resulted in IGF-1 induction, indicating that NF-YA was rate limiting. Cells with elevated endogenous DNA damage (deficient in H2AX, MDC1, NBS1, mTR or hMLH1) or cells exposed to DNA-damaging agents had elevated IGF-1 expression, resulting in activation of IGF-1R signaling and sCLU induction. In contrast, ATM-deficient cells were unable to induce sCLU after DNA damage. Our results integrate DNA damage resulting from genetic instability, IR, or chemotherapeutic agents, to ATM activation and abrogation of p53/NF-YA-mediated IGF-1 transcriptional repression, that induces IGF-1-sCLU expression. Elucidation of this pathway should uncover new mechanisms for cancer progression and reveal new targets for drug development to overcome resistance to therapy.
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18
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Nassiri M, Liu J, Kulak S, Uwiera RRE, Aird WC, Ballermann BJ, Jahroudi N. Repressors NFI and NFY participate in organ-specific regulation of von Willebrand factor promoter activity in transgenic mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30:1423-9. [PMID: 20431063 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.206680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the role of repressors in cell type and organ-specific activation of von Willebrand factor (VWF) promoter sequences -487 to 247 in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS Activation patterns of wild-type and mutant VWF promoters (sequences -487 to 247) containing mutations in repressors nuclear factor-I (NFI)- and nuclear factor Y (NFY)-binding sites were analyzed in transgenic mice. Mutation of the NFI-binding site activated the promoter in heart and lung endothelial cells, whereas mutation of the NFY-binding site activated the promoter in kidney vasculature. Immunofluorescence analyses showed that NFIB was predominant in heart and lung endothelial cells, whereas NFIX was predominantly detected in kidney endothelial cell nuclei. By using chromatin immunoprecipitation, we demonstrated that the distal lung-specific enhancer (containing a YY1 site) of the VWF gene is brought in proximity to the NFI binding site. CONCLUSIONS The NFI and NFY repressors contribute differentially to organ-specific regulation of the VWF promoter, and the organ-specific action of NFI may reflect its organ-specific isoform distribution. In addition, the lung-specific enhancer region of the endogenous VWF gene may inhibit NFI repressor function through chromatin looping, which can approximate the 2 regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Nassiri
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AL, Canada
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19
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Leclerc GJ, Mou C, Leclerc GM, Mian AM, Barredo JC. Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce FPGS mRNA expression and intracellular accumulation of long-chain methotrexate polyglutamates in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: implications for combination therapy. Leukemia 2010; 24:552-62. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2009.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Pan Q, Wu Y, Lin T, Yao H, Yang Z, Gao G, Song E, Shen H. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 induces chromatin remodeling and modification at the proximal promoter of Sox9 gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 379:356-61. [PMID: 19103169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2008] [Accepted: 12/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Sox9 is a key transcription factor which plays an important role in chondrogenesis. Although Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) has been reported to induce Sox9 expression, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we used in vivo approaches to characterize BMP-2-induced alterations in chromatin organization around the Sox9 core promoter. Nuclease hypersensitive site mapping following BMP-2 stimulation showed an inducible hypersensitive site in the Sox9 proximal promoter. Immunoprecipitation (IP) experiments demonstrated that BMP-2 increased the association of the transcription factor NF-Y with histone acetyltransferase p300/CBP. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis showed the binding of the NF-Y-p300 complex to the Sox9 gene proximal promoter along with PCAF and RNA polymerase II. We also found that BMP-2 stimulation caused histone hyperacetylation and methylation at the Sox9 gene. Collectively, these data suggest that the activation of Sox9 gene transcription by BMP-2 is associated with chromatin remodeling and histone modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhui Pan
- Medical Research Center, No. 2 Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
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21
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Wakamatsu N, Collins JB, Parker JS, Tessema M, Clayton NP, Ton TVT, Hong HHL, Belinsky S, Devereux TR, Sills RC, Lahousse SA. Gene Expression Studies Demonstrate that the K-ras/Erk MAP Kinase Signal Transduction Pathway and Other Novel Pathways Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Cumene-induced Lung Tumors. Toxicol Pathol 2008; 36:743-52. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623308320801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
National Toxicology Program (NTP) inhalation studies demonstrated that cumene significantly increased the incidence of alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas and carcinomas in B6C3F1 mice. Cumene or isopropylbenzene is a component of crude oil used primarily in the production of phenol and acetone. The authors performed global gene expression analysis to distinguish patterns of gene regulation between cumene-induced tumors and normal lung tissue and to look for patterns based on the presence or absence of K- ras and p53 mutations in the tumors. Principal component analysis segregated the carcinomas into groups with and without K- ras mutations, but failed to separate the tumors based on p53 mutation status. Expression of genes associated with the Erk MAP kinase signaling pathway was significantly altered in carcinomas with K- ras mutations compared to tumors without K- ras mutations or normal lung. Gene expression analysis also suggested that cumene-induced carcinomas with K- ras mutations have greater malignant potential than those without mutations. In addition, significance analysis of function and expression (SAFE) demonstrated expression changes of genes regulated by histone modification in carcinomas with K- ras mutations. The gene expression analysis suggested the formation of alveolar/bronchiolar carcinomas in cumene-exposed mice typically involves mutation of K- ras, which results in increased Erk MAP kinase signaling and modification of histones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuko Wakamatsu
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer B. Collins
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Mathewos Tessema
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Natasha P. Clayton
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thai-Vu T. Ton
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hue-Hua L. Hong
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven Belinsky
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Theodora R. Devereux
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert C. Sills
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Lahousse
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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22
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Gurtner A, Fuschi P, Magi F, Colussi C, Gaetano C, Dobbelstein M, Sacchi A, Piaggio G. NF-Y dependent epigenetic modifications discriminate between proliferating and postmitotic tissue. PLoS One 2008; 3:e2047. [PMID: 18431504 PMCID: PMC2295263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2008] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of gene transcription requires posttranslational modifications of histones that, in concert with chromatin remodeling factors, shape the structure of chromatin. It is currently under intense investigation how this structure is modulated, in particular in the context of proliferation and differentiation. Compelling evidence suggests that the transcription factor NF-Y acts as a master regulator of cell cycle progression, activating the transcription of many cell cycle regulatory genes. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet completely understood. Here we show that NF-Y exerts its effect on transcription through the modulation of the histone "code". NF-Y colocalizes with nascent RNA, while RNA polymerase II is I phosphorylated on serine 2 of the YSPTSPS repeats within its carboxyterminal domain and histones are carrying modifications that represent activation signals of gene expression (H3K9ac and PAN-H4ac). Comparing postmitotic muscle tissue from normal mice and proliferating muscles from mdx mice, we demonstrate by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) that NF-Y DNA binding activity correlates with the accumulation of acetylated histones H3 and H4 on promoters of key cell cycle regulatory genes, and with their active transcription. Accordingly, p300 is recruited onto the chromatin of NF-Y target genes in a NF-Y-dependent manner, as demonstrated by Re-ChIP. Conversely, the loss of NF-Y binding correlates with a decrease of acetylated histones, the recruitment of HDAC1, and a repressed heterochromatic state with enrichment of histones carrying modifications known to mediate silencing of gene expression (H3K9me3, H3K27me2 and H4K20me3). As a consequence, NF-Y target genes are downregulated in this context. In conclusion, our data indicate a role of NF-Y in modulating the structure and transcriptional competence of chromatin in vivo and support a model in which NF-Y-dependent histone "code" changes contribute to the proper discrimination between proliferating and postmitotic cells in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymone Gurtner
- Molecular Oncogenesis Laboratory, Experimental Oncology Department, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Fuschi
- Molecular Oncogenesis Laboratory, Experimental Oncology Department, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Magi
- Molecular Oncogenesis Laboratory, Experimental Oncology Department, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Colussi
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Gaetano
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Matthias Dobbelstein
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ada Sacchi
- Molecular Oncogenesis Laboratory, Experimental Oncology Department, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Piaggio
- Molecular Oncogenesis Laboratory, Experimental Oncology Department, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Rome Oncogenomic Center, Experimental Oncology Department, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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vanWert JM, Wolfe SA, Grimes SR. Binding of RFX2 and NF-Y to the testis-specific histone H1t promoter may be required for transcriptional activation in primary spermatocytes. J Cell Biochem 2008; 104:1087-101. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Kleinschmidt AM, Nassiri M, Stitt MS, Wasserloos K, Watkins SC, Pitt BR, Jahroudi N. Sequences in intron 51 of the von Willebrand factor gene target promoter activation to a subset of lung endothelial cells in transgenic mice. J Biol Chem 2007; 283:2741-50. [PMID: 18048367 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m705466200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo analyses of the VWF promoter previously demonstrated that a fragment spanning sequences -487 to +247 targets promoter activation to brain vascular endothelial cells, whereas a longer fragment including 2182 bp of the 5'-flanking sequences, the first exon, and the first intron activated expression in endothelial cells of the heart and muscles as well as the brain of transgenic mice. These results suggested that additional VWF gene sequences were required for expression in other vascular endothelial cells in vivo. We have now identified a region within intron 51 of the VWF gene that is DNase I-hypersensitive (HSS) specifically in non-endothelial cells and interacts with endothelial and non-endothelial specific complexes that contain YY1. We demonstrate that beta-actin is associated with YY1 specifically in the nucleus of non-endothelial cells and is a component of the nuclear protein complexes that interact with the DNase I-hypersensitive region. In vitro transfection analyses demonstrated that HSS sequences containing this YY1-binding site do not significantly affect VWF promoter activity. However, in vivo analyses demonstrated that addition of these sequences to the VWF promoter (-487 to +247) results in promoter activation in lung and brain vascular endothelial cells. These results demonstrate that the HSS sequences in intron 51 of the VWF gene contain cis-acting elements that are necessary for the VWF gene transcription in a subset of lung endothelial cells in vivo.
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