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Heaton ES, Hu M, Liu T, Hui H, Tan Y, Ye K, Jin S. Extracellular matrix-derived peptide stimulates the generation of endocrine progenitors and islet organoids from iPSCs. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231185858. [PMID: 37435573 PMCID: PMC10331343 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231185858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have enormous potential in producing human tissues endlessly. We previously reported that type V collagen (COL5), a pancreatic extracellular matrix protein, promotes islet development and maturation from iPSCs. In this study, we identified a bioactive peptide domain of COL5, WWASKS, through bioinformatic analysis of decellularized pancreatic ECM (dpECM)-derived collagens. RNA-sequencing suggests that WWASKS induces the formation of pancreatic endocrine progenitors while suppressing the development of other types of organs. The expressions of hypoxic genes were significantly downregulated in the endocrine progenitors formed under peptide stimulation. Furthermore, we unveiled an enhancement of iPSC-derived islets' (i-islets) glucose sensitivity under peptide stimulation. These i-islets secrete insulin in a glucose responsive manner. They were comprised of α, β, δ, and γ cells and were assembled into a tissue architecture similar to that of human islets. Mechanistically, the peptide is able to activate the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, permitting the translocation of β-catenin from the cytoplasm to the nucleus for pancreatic progenitor development. Collectively, for the first time, we demonstrated that an ECM-derived peptide dictates iPSC fate toward the generation of endocrine progenitors and subsequent islet organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma S Heaton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thomas J. Watson College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thomas J. Watson College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Tianzheng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thomas J. Watson College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Huang Hui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thomas J. Watson College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Yinfei Tan
- Genomics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kaiming Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thomas J. Watson College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
- Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Sha Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thomas J. Watson College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
- Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
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2
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Marui S, Nishikawa Y, Shiokawa M, Yokode M, Matsumoto S, Muramoto Y, Ota S, Nakamura T, Yoshida H, Okada H, Kuwada T, Matsumori T, Kuriyama K, Fukuda A, Saur D, Aoi T, Uza N, Kodama Y, Chiba T, Seno H. Context-Dependent Roles of Hes1 in the Adult Pancreas and Pancreatic Tumor Formation. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:1613-1629.e12. [PMID: 36075324 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The Notch signaling pathway is an important pathway in the adult pancreas and in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), with hairy and enhancer of split-1 (HES1) as the core molecule in this pathway. However, the roles of HES1 in the adult pancreas and PDAC formation remain controversial. METHODS We used genetically engineered dual-recombinase mouse models for inducing Hes1 deletion under various conditions. RESULTS The loss of Hes1 expression in the adult pancreas did not induce phenotypic alterations. However, regeneration was impaired after caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. In a pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) mouse model, PanINs rarely formed when Hes1 deletion preceded PanIN formation, whereas more PanINs were formed when Hes1 deletion succeeded PanIN formation. In a PDAC mouse model, PDAC formation was also enhanced by Hes1 deletion after PanIN/PDAC development; therefore, Hes1 promotes PanIN initiation but inhibits PanIN/PDAC progression. RNA sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that Hes1 deletion enhanced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via Muc5ac up-regulation in PDAC progression. The results indicated that HES1 is not required for maintaining the adult pancreas under normal conditions, but is important for regeneration during recovery from pancreatitis; moreover, Hes1 plays different roles, depending on the tumor condition. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the context-dependent roles of HES1 in the adult pancreas and pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiko Marui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Advanced Medical Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shiokawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Masataka Yokode
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shimpei Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuya Muramoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sakiko Ota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeharu Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuwada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Matsumori
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Kuriyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihisa Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dieter Saur
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar Technische Universität München, München, Bayern, Germany; Division of Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Takashi Aoi
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Uza
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuzo Kodama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Chiba
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Döppler HR, Liou GY, Storz P. Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide and Downstream Protein Kinase D1 Signaling Is a Common Feature of Inducers of Pancreatic Acinar-to-Ductal Metaplasia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010137. [PMID: 35052641 PMCID: PMC8772746 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) is a reversible process that occurs after pancreatic injury, but becomes permanent and leads to pancreatic lesions in the presence of an oncogenic mutation in KRAS,. While inflammatory macrophage-secreted chemokines, growth factors that activate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and oncogenic KRAS have been implicated in the induction of ADM, it is currently unclear whether a common underlying signaling mechanism exists that drives this process. In this study, we show that different inducers of ADM increase levels of hydrogen peroxide, most likely generated at the mitochondria, and upregulate the expression of Protein Kinase D1 (PKD1), a kinase that can be activated by hydrogen peroxide. PKD1 expression in acinar cells affects their survival and mediates ADM, which is in part due to the PKD1 target NF-κB. Overall, our data implicate ROS-PKD1 signaling as a common feature of different inducers of pancreatic ADM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike R. Döppler
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (H.R.D.); (G.-Y.L.)
| | - Geou-Yarh Liou
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (H.R.D.); (G.-Y.L.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Cancer Research & Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
| | - Peter Storz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (H.R.D.); (G.-Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-904-953-6909; Fax: +1-904-953-0277
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Martens S, Coolens K, Van Bulck M, Arsenijevic T, Casamitjana J, Fernandez Ruiz A, El Kaoutari A, Martinez de Villareal J, Madhloum H, Esni F, Heremans Y, Leuckx G, Heimberg H, Bouwens L, Jacquemin P, De Paep DL, In't Veld P, D'Haene N, Bouchart C, Dusetti N, Van Laethem JL, Waelput W, Lefesvre P, Real FX, Rovira M, Rooman I. Discovery and 3D imaging of a novel ΔNp63-expressing basal cell type in human pancreatic ducts with implications in disease. Gut 2021; 71:gutjnl-2020-322874. [PMID: 34330784 PMCID: PMC9484383 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aggressive basal-like molecular subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) harbours a ΔNp63 (p40) gene expression signature reminiscent of a basal cell type. Distinct from other epithelia with basal tumours, ΔNp63+ basal cells reportedly do not exist in the normal pancreas. DESIGN We evaluated ΔNp63 expression in human pancreas, chronic pancreatitis (CP) and PDAC. We further studied in depth the non-cancerous tissue and developed a three-dimensional (3D) imaging protocol (FLIP-IT, Fluorescence Light sheet microscopic Imaging of Paraffin-embedded or Intact Tissue) to study formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples at single cell resolution. Pertinent mouse models and HPDE cells were analysed. RESULTS In normal human pancreas, rare ΔNp63+ cells exist in ducts while their prevalence increases in CP and in a subset of PDAC. In non-cancer tissue, ΔNp63+ cells are atypical KRT19+ duct cells that overall lack SOX9 expression while they do express canonical basal markers and pertain to a niche of cells expressing gastrointestinal stem cell markers. 3D views show that the basal cells anchor on the basal membrane of normal medium to large ducts while in CP they exist in multilayer dome-like structures. In mice, ΔNp63 is not found in adult pancreas nor in selected models of CP or PDAC, but it is induced in organoids from larger Sox9low ducts. In HPDE, ΔNp63 supports a basal cell phenotype at the expense of a classical duct cell differentiation programme. CONCLUSION In larger human pancreatic ducts, basal cells exist. ΔNp63 suppresses duct cell identity. These cells may play an important role in pancreatic disease, including PDAC ontogeny, but are not present in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrina Martens
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Katarina Coolens
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Mathias Van Bulck
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Tatjana Arsenijevic
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Hopital Erasme Service de Gastroenterologie d'Hepato-Pancreatologie et d'Oncologie Digestive, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Joan Casamitjana
- Department of Physiological Science, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona (UB), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Pancreas Regeneration: Pancreatic Progenitors and Their Niche Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, P-CMR[C], Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Angel Fernandez Ruiz
- Department of Physiological Science, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona (UB), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Pancreas Regeneration: Pancreatic Progenitors and Their Niche Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, P-CMR[C], Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Abdessamad El Kaoutari
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille - CRCM, INSERM UMR1068, CRCM, Marseille, France
- COMPO Unit, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Hediel Madhloum
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Farzad Esni
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yves Heremans
- Laboratory of Beta Cell Neogenesis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Gunter Leuckx
- Laboratory of Beta Cell Neogenesis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Harry Heimberg
- Laboratory of Beta Cell Neogenesis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Luc Bouwens
- Cell Differentiation Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Patrick Jacquemin
- Institut de Duve, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Peter In't Veld
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Nicky D'Haene
- Department of Pathology, Hopital Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Christelle Bouchart
- Department of Radiation-Oncology, Jules Bordet Institute, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Nelson Dusetti
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille - CRCM, INSERM UMR1068, CRCM, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Luc Van Laethem
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Hopital Erasme Service de Gastroenterologie d'Hepato-Pancreatologie et d'Oncologie Digestive, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Wim Waelput
- Department of Pathology, UZ Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Pierre Lefesvre
- Department of Pathology, UZ Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Francisco X Real
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Meritxell Rovira
- Department of Physiological Science, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona (UB), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Pancreas Regeneration: Pancreatic Progenitors and Their Niche Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, P-CMR[C], Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ilse Rooman
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
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5
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Edelman HE, McClymont SA, Tucker TR, Pineda S, Beer RL, McCallion AS, Parsons MJ. SOX9 modulates cancer biomarker and cilia genes in pancreatic cancer. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:485-499. [PMID: 33693707 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive form of cancer with high mortality. The cellular origins of PDAC are largely unknown; however, ductal cells, especially centroacinar cells (CACs), have several characteristics in common with PDAC, such as expression of SOX9 and components of the Notch-signaling pathway. Mutations in KRAS and alterations to Notch signaling are common in PDAC, and both these pathways regulate the transcription factor SOX9. To identify genes regulated by SOX9, we performed siRNA knockdown of SOX9 followed by RNA-seq in PANC-1s, a human PDAC cell line. We report 93 differentially expressed (DE) genes, with convergence on alterations to Notch-signaling pathways and ciliogenesis. These results point to SOX9 and Notch activity being in a positive feedback loop and SOX9 regulating cilia production in PDAC. We additionally performed ChIP-seq in PANC-1s to identify direct targets of SOX9 binding and integrated these results with our DE gene list. Nine of the top 10 downregulated genes have evidence of direct SOX9 binding at their promoter regions. One of these targets was the cancer stem cell marker EpCAM. Using whole-mount in situ hybridization to detect epcam transcript in zebrafish larvae, we demonstrated that epcam is a CAC marker and that Sox9 regulation of epcam expression is conserved in zebrafish. Additionally, we generated an epcam null mutant and observed pronounced defects in ciliogenesis during development. Our results provide a link between SOX9, EpCAM and ciliary repression that can be exploited in improving our understanding of the cellular origins and mechanisms of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Edelman
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, 470 Miller Research Building, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sarah A McClymont
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, 470 Miller Research Building, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tori R Tucker
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Natural Sciences II, CA 92697, USA
| | - Santiago Pineda
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Natural Sciences II, CA 92697, USA
| | - Rebecca L Beer
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, 470 Miller Research Building, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andrew S McCallion
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, 470 Miller Research Building, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Michael J Parsons
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, 470 Miller Research Building, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Natural Sciences II, CA 92697, USA
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6
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Cep215 is essential for morphological differentiation of astrocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17000. [PMID: 33046744 PMCID: PMC7550586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72728-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cep215 (also known as Cdk5rap2) is a centrosome protein which is involved in microtubule organization. Cep215 is also placed at specific subcellular locations and organizes microtubules outside the centrosome. Here, we report that Cep215 is involved in morphological differentiation of astrocytes. Cep215 was specifically localized at the glial processes as well as centrosomes in developing astrocytes. Morphological differentiation of astrocytes was suppressed in the Cep215-deleted P19 cells and in the Cep215-depleted embryonic hippocampal culture. We confirm that the microtubule organizing function of Cep215 is critical for the glial process formation. However, Cep215 is not involved in the regulation of cell proliferation nor cell specification. Based on the results, we propose that Cep215 organizes microtubules for glial process formation during astrocyte differentiation.
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7
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Aydin S, Sağraç D, Şahin F. Differentiation Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Pancreatic β-Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1247:135-156. [PMID: 32002800 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells having the capability to differentiate into other type of cells and renewing themselves, gained so much importance in recent years. Investigations in stem cells revealed that mesenchymal stem cells can successfully differentiate into other type of cells like adipocytes, hepatocytes, osteocytes, neurocytes and chondrocytes. In addition, these cells can also differentiate into insulin-producing beta cells. Insulin is a crucial hormone for glucose balance of the body. Insufficiency or unavailability of insulin is called diabetes. External insulin intake, as well as pancreas or islet transplantation, is the most basic treatment of diabetes. In vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate that stem cell therapy is also used in the cure of diabetes. Differentiation process of stem cells into beta cells releasing insulin is quite complicated. There are many different reports for the differentiation of stem cells in the literature. The success of differentiation of stem cells into beta cells depends on several factors like the source of stem cells, chemicals added into the differentiation medium and the duration of differentiation protocol. Distinct studies for the differentiation of stem cells into insulin-secreting cells are available in the literature. Moreover, thanks to the superior differentiation capacity of stem cells, they are being preferred in clinical studies. Stem cells were clinically used to heal diabetic ulcer, to increase c-peptide level and insulin secretion in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Mesenchymal stem cells having high differentiation potential to insulin-secreting cells are encouraging vehicles for both in vivo and in vitro studies together with clinical trials for diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Aydin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Derya Sağraç
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, İstanbul, Turkey
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8
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Acinar cells in the neonatal pancreas grow by self-duplication and not by neogenesis from duct cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12643. [PMID: 28974717 PMCID: PMC5626771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12721-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic acinar cells secrete digestive enzymes necessary for nutrient digestion in the intestine. They are considered the initiating cell type of pancreatic cancer and are endowed with differentiation plasticity that has been harnessed to regenerate endocrine beta cells. However, there is still uncertainty about the mechanisms of acinar cell formation during the dynamic period of early postnatal development. To unravel cellular contributions in the exocrine acinar development we studied two reporter mouse strains to trace the fate of acinar and duct cells during the first 4 weeks of life. In the acinar reporter mice, the labelling index of acinar cells remained unchanged during the neonatal pancreas growth period, evidencing that acinar cells are formed by self-duplication. In line with this, duct cell tracing did not show significant increase in acinar cell labelling, excluding duct-to-acinar cell contribution during neonatal development. Immunohistochemical analysis confirms massive levels of acinar cell proliferation in this early period of life. Further, also increase in acinar cell size contributes to the growth of pancreatic mass.We conclude that the growth of acinar cells during physiological neonatal pancreas development is by self-duplication (and hypertrophy) rather than neogenesis from progenitor cells as was suggested before.
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9
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Gnatenko DA, Kopantzev EP, Sverdlov ED. [Fibroblast growth factors and their effects in pancreas organogenesis]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2017; 63:211-218. [PMID: 28781254 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20176303211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) - growth factors that regulate many important biological processes, including proliferation and differentiation of embryonic cells during organogenesis. In this review, we will summarize current information about the involvement of FGFs in the pancreas organogenesis. Pancreas organogenesis is a complex process, which involves constant signaling from mesenchymal tissue. This orchestrates the activation of various regulator genes at specific stages, determining the specification of progenitor cells. Alterations in FGF/FGFR signaling pathway during this process lead to incorrect activation of the master genes, which leads to different pathologies during pancreas development. Understanding the full picture about role of FGF factors in pancreas development will make it possible to more accurately understand their role in other pathologies of this organ, including carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Gnatenko
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - E P Kopantzev
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - E D Sverdlov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences
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10
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Abstract
Acinar cells in the adult pancreas show high plasticity and can undergo transdifferentiation to a progenitor-like cell type with ductal characteristics. This process, termed acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM), is an important feature facilitating pancreas regeneration after injury. Data from animal models show that cells that undergo ADM in response to oncogenic signalling are precursors for pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia lesions, which can further progress to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). As human pancreatic adenocarcinoma is often diagnosed at a stage of metastatic disease, understanding the processes that lead to its initiation is important for the discovery of markers for early detection, as well as options that enable an early intervention. Here, the critical determinants of acinar cell plasticity are discussed, in addition to the intracellular and extracellular signalling events that drive acinar cell metaplasia and their contribution to development of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Storz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Room 306 Griffin Building, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
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11
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Nakano Y, Nakao S, Sumiyoshi H, Mikami K, Tanno Y, Sueoka M, Kasahara D, Kimura H, Moro T, Kamiya A, Hozumi K, Inagaki Y. Identification of a novel alpha-fetoprotein-expressing cell population induced by the Jagged1/Notch2 signal in murine fibrotic liver. Hepatol Commun 2017; 1:215-229. [PMID: 29404455 PMCID: PMC5721449 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is well known to possess high regenerative capacity in response to partial resection or tissue injury. However, liver regeneration is often impaired in the case of advanced liver fibrosis/cirrhosis when mature hepatocytes can hardly self‐proliferate. Hepatic progenitor cells have been implicated as a source of hepatocytes in regeneration of the fibrotic liver. Although alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is known as a clinical marker of progenitor cell induction in injured/fibrotic adult liver, the origin and features of such AFP‐producing cells are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate a unique and distinct AFP‐expressing cell population that is induced by the Jagged1/Notch2 signal in murine fibrotic liver. Following repeated carbon tetrachloride injections, a significant number of AFP‐positive cells with high proliferative ability were observed along the fibrous septa depending on the extent of liver fibrosis. These AFP‐positive cells exhibited features of immature hepatocytes that were stained positively for hepatocyte‐lineage markers, such as albumin and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha, and a stem/progenitor cell marker Sox9. A combination of immunohistological examination of fibrotic liver tissues and coculture experiments with primary hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells indicated that increased Jagged1 expression in activated hepatic stellate cells stimulated Notch2 signaling and up‐regulated AFP expression in adjacent hepatocytes. The mobilization and proliferation of AFP‐positive cells in fibrotic liver were further enhanced after partial hepatectomy, which was significantly suppressed in Jagged1‐conditional knockout mice. Finally, forced expression of the intracellular domain of Notch2 in normal liver induced a small number of AFP‐expressing hepatocytes in vivo. Conclusion: Insight is provided into a novel pathophysiological role of Jagged1/Notch2 signaling in the induction of AFP‐positive cells in fibrotic liver through the interaction between hepatocytes and activated hepatic stellate cells. (Hepatology Communications 2017;1:215‐229)
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Nakano
- Center for Matrix Biology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University Isehara Japan.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara Japan
| | - Sachie Nakao
- Center for Matrix Biology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University Isehara Japan.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara Japan
| | - Hideaki Sumiyoshi
- Center for Matrix Biology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University Isehara Japan.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara Japan
| | - Kenichiro Mikami
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara Japan.,Present address: Present address for Kenichiro Mikami is Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine Hirosaki Japan
| | - Yuri Tanno
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara Japan
| | - Minako Sueoka
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara Japan
| | - Daigo Kasahara
- Center for Matrix Biology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University Isehara Japan.,Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokai University School of Engineering Hiratsuka Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokai University School of Engineering Hiratsuka Japan
| | - Tadashi Moro
- Center for Matrix Biology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University Isehara Japan.,Research Laboratory, Minophagen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd Zama Japan
| | - Akihide Kamiya
- Center for Matrix Biology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University Isehara Japan.,Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara Japan
| | - Katsuto Hozumi
- Center for Matrix Biology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University Isehara Japan.,Department of Immunology Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara Japan
| | - Yutaka Inagaki
- Center for Matrix Biology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai University Isehara Japan.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara Japan.,Institute of Medical Sciences Tokai University Isehara Japan
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12
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Goto T, Elbahrawy A, Furuyama K, Horiguchi M, Hosokawa S, Aoyama Y, Tsuboi K, Sakikubo M, Hirata K, Masui T, Kubo H, Sakai Y, Uemoto S, Kawaguchi Y. Liver-specific Prox1 inactivation causes hepatic injury and glucose intolerance in mice. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:624-635. [PMID: 28129664 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Previous reports have revealed that Prospero-related homeobox 1 (Prox1) is required for the migration and differentiation of hepatoblasts during embryonic liver formation. However, the role of Prox1 in adults remains to be elucidated. We created liver-specific Prox1 knockout mice to verify the role of Prox1 in adult hepatocytes. The mutant mice exhibit hepatic injury and a nonobese, insulin-resistant diabetic phenotype in vivo. Hepatocyte injury is observed predominantly in the perivenous region and is characterized by the formation of vacuoles and emergence of round-shaped mitochondria, suggesting that the effect of Prox1 on the maintenance of adult hepatocytes is region dependent. Furthermore, glycolysis is suppressed, and both oxidative phosphorylation and autophagy are upregulated in the livers of Prox1 knockout mice, indicating that Prox1 has a role in regulating energy homeostasis in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Goto
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ashraf Elbahrawy
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kenichiro Furuyama
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masashi Horiguchi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hosokawa
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Aoyama
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Tsuboi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Morito Sakikubo
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Hirata
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Masui
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hajime Kubo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Sakai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shinji Uemoto
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Kawaguchi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
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13
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Yin C. Molecular mechanisms of Sox transcription factors during the development of liver, bile duct, and pancreas. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 63:68-78. [PMID: 27552918 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The liver and pancreas are the prime digestive and metabolic organs in the body. After emerging from the neighboring domains of the foregut endoderm, they turn on distinct differentiation and morphogenesis programs that are regulated by hierarchies of transcription factors. Members of SOX family of transcription factors are expressed in the liver and pancreas throughout development and act upstream of other organ-specific transcription factors. They play key roles in maintaining stem cells and progenitors. They are also master regulators of cell fate determination and tissue morphogenesis. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of SOX transcription factors in mediating liver and pancreas development. We discuss their contribution to adult organ function, homeostasis and injury responses. We also speculate how the knowledge of SOX transcription factors can be applied to improve therapies for liver diseases and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyue Yin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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14
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Kopp JL, Grompe M, Sander M. Stem cells versus plasticity in liver and pancreas regeneration. Nat Cell Biol 2016; 18:238-45. [PMID: 26911907 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cell replacement in adult organs can be achieved through stem cell differentiation or the replication or transdifferentiation of existing cells. In the adult liver and pancreas, stem cells have been proposed to replace tissue cells, particularly following injury. Here we review how specialized cell types are produced in the adult liver and pancreas. Based on current evidence, we propose that the plasticity of differentiated cells, rather than stem cells, accounts for tissue repair in both organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janel L Kopp
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Markus Grompe
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Maike Sander
- Department of Pediatrics and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0695, USA
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15
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Lanzoni G, Cardinale V, Carpino G. The hepatic, biliary, and pancreatic network of stem/progenitor cell niches in humans: A new reference frame for disease and regeneration. Hepatology 2016; 64:277-86. [PMID: 26524612 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Stem/progenitors for liver, biliary tree, and pancreas exist at early stages of development in the definitive ventral endoderm forming the foregut. In humans, they persist postnatally as part of a network, with evidence supporting their contributions to hepatic and pancreatic organogenesis throughout life. Multiple stem cell niches persist in specific anatomical locations within the human biliary tree and pancreatic ducts. In liver and pancreas, replication of mature parenchymal cells ensures the physiological turnover and the restoration of parenchyma after minor injuries. Although actively debated, multiple observations indicate that stem/progenitor cells contribute to repair pervasive, chronic injuries. The most primitive of the stem/progenitor cells, biliary tree stem cells, are found in peribiliary glands within extrahepatic and large intrahepatic bile ducts. Biliary tree stem cells are comprised of multiple subpopulations with traits suggestive of maturational lineage stages and yet capable of self-replication and multipotent differentiation, being able to differentiate to mature liver cells (hepatocytes, cholangiocytes) and mature pancreatic cells (including functional islet endocrine cells). Hepatic stem cells are located within canals of Hering and bile ductules and are capable of differentiating to hepatocyte and cholangiocyte lineages. The existence, phenotype, and anatomical location of stem/progenitors in the adult pancreas are actively debated. Ongoing studies suggest that pancreatic stem cells reside within the biliary tree, primarily the hepatopancreatic common duct, and are rare in the pancreas proper. Pancreatic ducts and pancreatic duct glands harbor committed pancreatic progenitors. CONCLUSION The hepatic, biliary, and pancreatic network of stem/progenitor cell niches should be considered as a framework for understanding liver and pancreatic regeneration after extensive or chronic injuries and for the study of human chronic diseases affecting these organs. (Hepatology 2016;64:277-286).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Carpino
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico,", Rome, Italy
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16
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Domínguez-Bendala J, Lanzoni G, Klein D, Álvarez-Cubela S, Pastori RL. The Human Endocrine Pancreas: New Insights on Replacement and Regeneration. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2016; 27:153-162. [PMID: 26774512 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is an effective cell therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) but its clinical application is limited due to shortage of donors. After a decade-long period of exploration of potential alternative cell sources, the field has only recently zeroed in on two of them as the most likely to replace islets. These are pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) (through directed differentiation) and pancreatic non-endocrine cells (through directed differentiation or reprogramming). Here we review progress in both areas, including the initiation of Phase I/II clinical trials using human embryonic stem cell (hESc)-derived progenitors, advances in hESc differentiation in vitro, novel insights on the developmental plasticity of the pancreas, and groundbreaking new approaches to induce β cell conversion from the non-endocrine compartment without genetic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Domínguez-Bendala
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Giacomo Lanzoni
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Dagmar Klein
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Silvia Álvarez-Cubela
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ricardo L Pastori
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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17
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Carpino G, Puca R, Cardinale V, Renzi A, Scafetta G, Nevi L, Rossi M, Berloco PB, Ginanni Corradini S, Reid LM, Maroder M, Gaudio E, Alvaro D. Peribiliary Glands as a Niche of Extrapancreatic Precursors Yielding Insulin-Producing Cells in Experimental and Human Diabetes. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1332-42. [PMID: 26850087 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Peribiliary glands (PBGs) are niches in the biliary tree and containing heterogeneous endodermal stem/progenitors cells that can differentiate, in vitro and in vivo, toward pancreatic islets. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in experimental and human diabetes, proliferation of cells in PBGs and differentiation of the biliary tree stem/progenitor cells (BTSCs) toward insulin-producing cells. Diabetes was generated in mice by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 200 mg/kg (N = 12) or 120 mg/kg (N = 12) of streptozotocin. Liver, pancreas, and extrahepatic biliary trees were en bloc dissected and examined. Cells in PBGs proliferated in experimental diabetes, and their proliferation was greatest in the PBGs of the hepatopancreatic ampulla, and inversely correlated with the pancreatic islet area. In rodents, the cell proliferation in PBGs was characterized by the expansion of Sox9-positive stem/progenitor cells that gave rise to insulin-producing cells. Insulin-producing cells were located mostly in PBGs in the portion of the biliary tree closest to the duodenum, and their appearance was associated with upregulation of MafA and Gli1 gene expression. In patients with type 2 diabetes, PBGs at the level of the hepatopancreatic ampulla contained cells showing signs of proliferation and pancreatic fate commitment. In vitro, high glucose concentrations induced the differentiation of human BTSCs cultures toward pancreatic beta cell fates. The cells in PBGs respond to diabetes with proliferation and differentiation towards insulin-producing cells indicating that PBG niches may rescue pancreatic islet impairment in diabetes. These findings offer important implications for the pathophysiology and complications of this disease. Stem Cells 2016;34:1332-1342.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Carpino
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico,", Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Puca
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anastasia Renzi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Scafetta
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Nevi
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Rossi
- Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale B Berloco
- Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ginanni Corradini
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lola M Reid
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marella Maroder
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Eleonora Lorillard Spencer-Cenci Foundation, Rome, Italy
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18
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Li XY, Zhai WJ, Teng CB. Notch Signaling in Pancreatic Development. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 17:ijms17010048. [PMID: 26729103 PMCID: PMC4730293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway plays a significant role in embryonic cell fate determination and adult tissue homeostasis. Various studies have demonstrated the deep involvement of Notch signaling in the development of the pancreas and the lateral inhibition of Notch signaling in pancreatic progenitor differentiation and maintenance. The targeted inactivation of the Notch pathway components promotes premature differentiation of the endocrine pancreas. However, there is still the contrary opinion that Notch signaling specifies the endocrine lineage. Here, we review the current knowledge of the Notch signaling pathway in pancreatic development and its crosstalk with the Wingless and INT-1 (Wnt) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Yan Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China.
| | - Wen-Jun Zhai
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Chun-Bo Teng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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19
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Bansal R, van Baarlen J, Storm G, Prakash J. The interplay of the Notch signaling in hepatic stellate cells and macrophages determines the fate of liver fibrogenesis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18272. [PMID: 26658360 PMCID: PMC4677309 DOI: 10.1038/srep18272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) known as "master producers" and macrophages as "master regulators", are the key cell types that strongly contribute to the progression of liver fibrosis. Since Notch signaling regulates multiple cellular processes, we aimed to study the role of Notch signaling in HSCs differentiation and macrophages polarization and to evaluate its implication in liver fibrogenesis. Notch pathway components were found to be significantly upregulated in TGFβ-activated HSCs, inflammatory M1 macrophages, and in mouse and human fibrotic livers. Interestingly, inhibition of Notch using a selective γ-secretase inhibitor, Avagacestat, significantly inhibited TGFβ-induced HSC activation and contractility, and suppressed M1 macrophages. Additionally, Avagacestat inhibited M1 driven-fibroblasts activation and fibroblasts-driven M1 polarization (nitric oxide release) in fibroblasts and macrophages co-culture, and conditioned medium studies. In vivo, post-disease treatment with Avagacestat significantly attenuated fibrogenesis in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis mouse model. These effects were attributed to the reduction in HSCs activation, and inhibition of inflammatory M1 macrophages and upregulation of suppressive M2 macrophages. These findings suggest that Notch signaling plays a crucial role in HSC activation and M1/M2 polarization of macrophages in liver fibrosis. These results provide new insights for the development of novel therapies against liver fibrosis through modulation of Notch signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Bansal
- Targeted Therapeutics, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7522NB, The Netherlands
| | - Joop van Baarlen
- Laboratorium Pathologie Oost-Nederland, Hengelo, 7555 BB, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Storm
- Targeted Therapeutics, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7522NB, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Jai Prakash
- Targeted Therapeutics, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7522NB, The Netherlands
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20
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Carpino G, Renzi A, Cardinale V, Franchitto A, Onori P, Overi D, Rossi M, Berloco PB, Alvaro D, Reid LM, Gaudio E. Progenitor cell niches in the human pancreatic duct system and associated pancreatic duct glands: an anatomical and immunophenotyping study. J Anat 2015; 228:474-86. [PMID: 26610370 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic duct glands (PDGs) are tubule-alveolar glands associated with the pancreatic duct system and can be considered the anatomical counterpart of peribiliary glands (PBGs) found within the biliary tree. Recently, we demonstrated that endodermal precursor niches exist fetally and postnatally and are composed functionally of stem cells and progenitors within PBGs and of committed progenitors within PDGs. Here we have characterized more extensively the anatomy of human PDGs as novel niches containing cells with multiple phenotypes of committed progenitors. Human pancreata (n = 15) were obtained from cadaveric adult donors. Specimens were processed for histology, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. PDGs were found in the walls of larger pancreatic ducts (diameters > 300 μm) and constituted nearly 4% of the duct wall area. All of the cells identified were negative for nuclear expression of Oct4, a pluripotency gene, and so are presumably committed progenitors and not stem cells. In the main pancreatic duct and in large interlobular ducts, Sox9(+) cells represented 5-30% of the cells within PDGs and were located primarily at the bottom of PDGs, whereas rare and scattered Sox9(+) cells were present within the surface epithelium. The expression of PCNA, a marker of cell proliferation, paralleled the distribution of Sox9 expression. Sox9(+) PDG cells proved to be Pdx1(+) /Ngn3(+/-) /Oct4A(-) . Nearly 10% of PDG cells were positive for insulin or glucagon. Intercalated ducts contained Sox9(+) /Pdx1(+) /Ngn3(+) cells, a phenotype that is presumptive of committed endocrine progenitors. Some intercalated ducts appeared in continuity with clusters of insulin-positive cells organized in small pancreatic islet-like structures. In summary, PDGs represent niches of a population of Sox9(+) cells exhibiting a pattern of phenotypic traits implicating a radial axis of maturation from the bottoms of the PDGs to the surface of pancreatic ducts. Our results complete the anatomical background that links biliary and pancreatic tracts and could have important implications for the common patho-physiology of biliary tract and pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Carpino
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Anastasia Renzi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Franchitto
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Onori
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Diletta Overi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Rossi
- Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lola M Reid
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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21
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Nakano Y, Negishi N, Gocho S, Mine T, Sakurai Y, Yazawa M, Abe K, Yagita H, Habu S, Kageyama R, Kawaguchi Y, Hozumi K. Disappearance of centroacinar cells in the Notch ligand-deficient pancreas. Genes Cells 2015; 20:500-11. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Nakano
- Department of Immunology and Research Center for Regenerative Medicine; Tokai University School of Medicine; 143 Shimokasuya Isehara 259-1193 Japan
- Department of Clinical Application; Center for iPS Cell Research and Application; Kyoto University; 53 Kawahara-cho Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507 Japan
| | - Naoko Negishi
- Department of Immunology and Research Center for Regenerative Medicine; Tokai University School of Medicine; 143 Shimokasuya Isehara 259-1193 Japan
- Department of Immunology; Juntendo University School of Medicine; 2-1-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku 113-0033 Japan
| | - Seiho Gocho
- Department of Internal Medicine; Tokai University School of Medicine; 143 Shimokasuya Isehara Kanagawa 259-1193 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mine
- Department of Internal Medicine; Tokai University School of Medicine; 143 Shimokasuya Isehara Kanagawa 259-1193 Japan
| | - Yuri Sakurai
- Department of Immunology and Research Center for Regenerative Medicine; Tokai University School of Medicine; 143 Shimokasuya Isehara 259-1193 Japan
| | - Masaki Yazawa
- Department of Immunology and Research Center for Regenerative Medicine; Tokai University School of Medicine; 143 Shimokasuya Isehara 259-1193 Japan
| | - Koichiro Abe
- Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine; Tokai University School of Medicine; 143 Shimokasuya Isehara 259-1193 Japan
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology; Juntendo University School of Medicine; 2-1-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku 113-0033 Japan
| | - Sonoko Habu
- Department of Immunology; Juntendo University School of Medicine; 2-1-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku 113-0033 Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Kageyama
- Institute of Virus Research; Kyoto University; 53 Kawahara-cho Kyoto 606-8507 Japan
| | - Yoshiya Kawaguchi
- Department of Clinical Application; Center for iPS Cell Research and Application; Kyoto University; 53 Kawahara-cho Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507 Japan
| | - Katsuto Hozumi
- Department of Immunology and Research Center for Regenerative Medicine; Tokai University School of Medicine; 143 Shimokasuya Isehara 259-1193 Japan
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