Well-constructed single-layer molybdenum disulfide nanorose cross-linked by three dimensional-reduced graphene oxide network for superior water splitting and lithium storage property

EXSCLAIM!: Harnessing materials science literature for self-labeled microscopy datasets

This work introduces the EXSCLAIM! toolkit for the automatic extraction, separation, and caption-based natural language annotation of images from scientific literature. EXSCLAIM! is used to show how rule-based natural language processing and image recognition can be leveraged to construct an electron microscopy dataset containing thousands of keyword-annotated nanostructure images. Moreover, it is demonstrated how a combination of statistical topic modeling and semantic word similarity comparisons can be used to increase the number and variety of keyword annotations on top of the standard annotations from EXSCLAIM! With large-scale imaging datasets constructed from scientific literature, users are well positioned to train neural networks for classification and recognition tasks specific to microscopy-tasks often otherwise inhibited by a lack of sufficient annotated training data.

Pencil Graphite Electrocatalytic Sensors Modified by Pyrene Coated Reduced Graphene Oxide Decorated with Molybdenum Disulfide Nanoroses for Hydrazine and 4-Nitrophenol Detection in Real Water Samples

Novel nanostructured platforms based on Pencil Graphite Electrodes (PGEs), modified with pyrene carboxylic acid (PCA) functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO), and then decorated by chronoamperometry electrodeposition of MoS2 nanoroses (NRs) (MoS2NRs/PCA-rGO/PGEs) were manufactured for the electrocatalytic detection of hydrazine (N2H4) and 4-nitrophenol, pollutants highly hazardous for environment and human health. The surface morphology and chemistry of the MoS2NRs/PCA-rGO/PGEs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), assessing the coating of the PCA-rGO/PGEs by dense multilayers of NRs. N2H4 and 4-nitrophenol have been monitored by Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV), and the MoS2NRs/PCA-rGO/PGEs electroanalytical properties have been compared to the PGEs, as neat and modified by PCA-rGO. The MoS2NRs/PCA-rGO/PGEs demonstrated a higher electrochemical and electrocatalytic activity, due to their high surface area and conductivity, and very fast heterogeneous electron transfer kinetics at the interphase with the electrolyte. LODs lower than the U.S. EPA recommended concentration values in drinking water, namely 9.3 nM and 13.3 nM, were estimated for N2H4 and 4-nitrophenol, respectively and the MoS2NRs/PCA-rGO/PGEs showed good repeatability, reproducibility, storage stability, and selectivity. The effectiveness of the nanoplatforms for monitoring N2H4 and 4-nitrophenol in tap, river, and wastewater was addressed.

Advanced Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation by CdO-g-C3N4 in Aqueous Medium under Visible Light

Herein, hydrothermal fabrication of CdO-g-C3N4 photocatalyst for a substantially better photocatalytic recital in water splitting is presented. The XRD analysis confirms the cubic phase of CdO-g-C3N4, whereas FTIR and UV-VIS studies revealed the presence of respective groups and a median band gap energy (2.55 eV) of the photocatalyst, respectively, which further enhanced its photo-electrochemical (PEC) properties. The SEM displays the oblong structures of g-C3N4 sheets and nano rod-like morphology of CdO and CdO-g-C3N4, respectively. The HR-TEM exhibits morphology & orientation of the grains and substantiates the polycrystal-line nature of CdO-g-C3N4 nanocomposite. The photocatalytic water-splitting concert is evaluated by PEC experiments under 1 SUN visible light irradiation. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) comprehend the CdO-g-C3N4 as a hydrogen evolution photocatalyst. A photocurrent density beyond ≥5 mA/cm2 is recorded from CdO-g-C3N4, which is 5-6 folds greater than pure CdO and g-C3N4. The efficient separation and transfer of charges allocated to CdO-g-C3N4 and fabricating heterojunctions between g-C3N4 and CdO suppresses the unfavorable electron-hole pairs recombination process. Thus, it recesses charge transfer resistance, augmenting enhanced photocatalytic performance under 1 SUN irradiation.

Defect engineering of oxide perovskites for catalysis and energy storage: synthesis of chemistry and materials science

Oxide perovskites have emerged as an important class of materials with important applications in many technological areas, particularly thermocatalysis, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and energy storage. However, their implementation faces numerous challenges that are familiar to the chemist and materials scientist. The present work surveys the state-of-the-art by integrating these two viewpoints, focusing on the critical role that defect engineering plays in the design, fabrication, modification, and application of these materials. An extensive review of experimental and simulation studies of the synthesis and performance of oxide perovskites and devices containing these materials is coupled with exposition of the fundamental and applied aspects of defect equilibria. The aim of this approach is to elucidate how these issues can be integrated in order to shed light on the interpretation of the data and what trajectories are suggested by them. This critical examination has revealed a number of areas in which the review can provide a greater understanding. These include considerations of (1) the nature and formation of solid solutions, (2) site filling and stoichiometry, (3) the rationale for the design of defective oxide perovskites, and (4) the complex mechanisms of charge compensation and charge transfer. The review concludes with some proposed strategies to address the challenges in the future development of oxide perovskites and their applications.

Molybdenum impregnated g-C3N4 nanotubes as potentially active photocatalyst for renewable energy applications

Molybdenum (Mo) impregnated g-C3N4 (Mo-CN) nanotubes are fabricated via a thermal/hydrothermal process to augment photoelectrochemical properties during solar-driven water-splitting (SDWS) reactions. Graphitic-C3N4 is an attractive material for photocatalysis because of its suitable band energy, high thermal and chemical stability. The FE-SEM and HR-TEM comprehend the nanotube-like morphology of Mo-CN. The spectroscopic characterization revealed bandgap energy of 2.63 eV with high visible-light activity. The x-ray diffraction of pristine g-C3N4 and Mo-CN nanotubes discloses the formation of triazine-based nanocrystalline g-C3N4, which remains stable during hydrothermal impregnation of Mo. Furthermore, Mo-CN nanotubes possess high sp2-hybridized nitrogen content, and metallic/oxidized Mo nanoparticles (in a ratio of 1:2) are impregnated into g-C3N4. The XPS analysis confirms C, N, and Mo for known atomic and oxidation states in Mo-CN. Furthermore, high photocurrent efficiency (~ 5.5 mA/cm2) is observed from 5%-Mo-CN nanotubes. That displays efficient SDWS by 5%-Mo-CN nanotubes than other counterparts. Impedance spectroscopy illustrated the lowest charge transfer resistance (Rct) of 5%-Mo-CN nanotubes, which further confirms the fast electron transfer kinetics and efficient charge separation resulting in high photocurrent generation. Hence, 5%Mo-CN composite nanotubes can serve as a potential photocatalytic material for viable solar-driven water splitting.

Vertical MoS2 on SiO2/Si and graphene: effect of surface morphology on photoelectrochemical properties

Two-dimensional materials have attracted intensive attention recently due to their unique optical and electronic properties and their promising applications in water splitting and solar cells. As a representative layer-structured of transition metal dichalcogenides, MoS2 has attracted considerable devotion owing to its exceptional photo and electro properties. Here, we show that the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) growth of MoS2 on Si photocathode and graphene/Si photocathode can be used to prepare photoelectrocatalysts for water splitting. We explore a bottom-up method to grow vertical heterostructures of MoS2 and graphene by using the two-step CVD. Graphene is first grown through ambient-pressure CVD on a Cu substrate and then transferred onto SiO2/Si substrate by using the chemical wet transfer followed by the second CVD method to grow MoS2 over the graphene/SiO2/Si. The effect of the growth temperatures of MoS2 is studied, and the optimum temperature is 800 °C. The MoS2 produced at 800 °C has the highest photocurrent density at -0.23 mA cm-2 in 0.5 M Na2SO4 and -0.51 mA cm-2 in 0.5 M H2SO4 at -0.8 V versus Ag/AgCl. The linear sweep voltammetry shows that MoS2 in 0.5 M H2SO4 has about 55% higher photocurrent density than MoS2 in Na2SO4 due to the higher concentration of protons (H+) in the H2SO4 electrolyte solution. Protons are reduced to H2 at lower overvoltage and hydrogen generation is thus enhanced at higher photocurrent density. MoS2/graphene/SiO2/Si (MGS) has -0.07 mA cm-2 at -0.8 V versus Ag/AgCl of photocurrent density, which is 70% lower than that of bare MoS2 because MGS is thicker compared with MoS2. Thus, MoS2 has potential as a photocatalyst in photoelectrochemical water splitting. The structure and the morphology of MoS2 play an important role in determining the photocurrent performance.

Plasma-Induced Exfoliation Provides Onion-Like Graphene-Surrounded MoS2 Nanosheets for a Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

With the goal of obtaining sustainable earth-abundant electrocatalyst materials displaying high performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), here we propose a facile one-pot plasma-induced electrochemical process for the fabrication of new core-shell structures of ultrathin MoS₂ nanosheets engulfed within onion-like graphene nanosheets (OGNs@MoS₂). The resultant OGNs@MoS₂ structures not only increased the number of active sites of the semiconducting MoS₂ nanosheets but also enhanced their conductivity. Our OGNs@MoS₂ composites exhibited high HER performance, characterized by a low overpotential of 118 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^-2, a Tafel slope of 73 mV dec^-1, and long-time stability of 10⁵ s without degradation; this performance is much better than that of the sheet-like graphene-wrapped MoS₂ composite GNs@MoS₂ (182 mV, 82 mV dec^-1) and is among the best ever reported for composites involving MoS₂ and graphene nanosheets prepared through a simple one-batch process and using a low temperature and a short time for the HER. This approach appears to be an effective and simple strategy for tuning the morphologies of composites of graphene and transition metal dichalcogenide materials for a broad range of energy applications.

A Novel Reduced Graphene Oxide-Attapulgite (RGO-ATP) Supported Fe2O3 Catalyst for Heterogeneous Fenton-like Oxidation of Ciprofloxacin: Degradation Mechanism and Pathway

Ciprofloxacin, a third-generation fluoroquinolones (FQs) antibiotic, is observed to increasingly pollute the environment. In this study, a three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide-attapulgite-based catalyst Fe2O3/RGO-ATP was prepared and used to analyze the degradation of ciprofloxacin in a heterogeneous Fenton reaction. The heterogeneous catalyst Fe2O3/RGO-ATP was prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method, and the samples were characterized using BET(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface area, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effect of reaction time, temperature, pH, initial concentration, H2O2 dosage and reuse time on the degradation of ciprofloxacin by the catalyst Fe2O3/RGO-ATP was investigated. The optimum conditions of degradation of ciprofloxacin are observed to be 60 °C, pH 5, H2O2 concentration of 2.9724 mmol/L, and initial ciprofloxacin concentration of 50 mg/L. The catalyst could be reused several times with a decline in catalytic capacity. Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT) was also employed to study the degradation products of ciprofloxacin in the aqueous solution. The results show that the heterogeneous catalyst Fe2O3/RGO-ATP possessed an excellent ability for the catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin. Direct hydroxyl oxidation is noted to be the main pathway of degradation of ciprofloxacin, and no defluorination reaction is observed during the degradation process.

Plasmonic-induced overgrowth of amorphous molybdenum sulfide on nanoporous gold: An ambient synthesis method of hybrid nanoparticles with enhanced electrocatalytic activity

Hybrid materials of earth abundant transition metal dichalcogenides and noble metal nanoparticles, such as molybdenum sulfide (MoS_x) and gold nanoparticles, exhibit synergistic effects that can enhance electrocatalytic reactions. However, most current hybrid MoS_x-gold synthesis requires an energy intensive heat source of >500 °C or chemical plating to achieve deposition of MoS_x on the gold surface. Herein, we demonstrate the direct overgrowth of MoS_x over colloidal nanoporous gold (NPG), conducted feasibly under ambient conditions, to form hybrid particles with enhanced electrocatalytic performance toward hydrogen evolution reaction. Our strategy exploits the localized surface plasmon resonance-mediated photothermal heating of NPG to achieve >230 °C surface temperature, which induces the decomposition of the (NH₄)₂MoS₄ precursor and direct overgrowth of MoS_x over NPG. By tuning the concentration ratio between the precursor and NPG, the amount of MoS_x particles deposited can be systematically controlled from 0.5% to 2% of the Mo/(Au + Mo) ratio. Importantly, we find that the hybrid particles exhibit higher bridging and an apical S to terminal S atomic ratio than pure molybdenum sulfide, which gives rise to their enhanced electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction. We demonstrate that hybrid MoS_x-NPG exhibits >30 mV lower onset potential and a 1.7-fold lower Tafel slope as compared to pure MoS_x. Our methodology provides an energy- and cost-efficient synthesis pathway, which can be extended to the synthesis of various functional hybrid structures with unique properties for catalysis and sensing applications.

Polymeric Graphene Bulk Materials with a 3D Cross-Linked Monolithic Graphene Network

Although many great potential applications are proposed for graphene, till now none are yet realized as a stellar application. The most challenging issue for such practical applications is to figure out how to prepare graphene bulk materials while maintaining the unique two-dimensional (2D) structure and the many excellent properties of graphene sheets. Herein, such polymeric graphene bulk materials containing three-dimensional (3D) cross-linked networks with graphene sheets as the building unit are reviewed. The theoretical research on various proposed structures of graphene bulk materials is summarized first. Then, the synthesis or fabrication of these graphene materials is described, which comprises mainly two approaches: chemical vapor deposition and cross-linking using graphene oxide directly. Finally, some exotic and exciting potential applications of these graphene bulk materials are presented.

Ordered meso- and macroporous perovskite oxide catalysts for emerging applications

Hierarchically ordered perovskite materials which have potential applications in chemistry, energy and materials science.

Three-dimensional Graphene with MoS 2 Nanohybrid as Potential Energy Storage/Transfer Device

Portable and matured energy storage devices are in high demand for future flexible electronics. Flowery shaped MoS2 nanostructures with porous and flake like morphology was used to study the supercapacitive nature with specific capacitance (C sp ) of 169.37F/g, the energy density of 28.43 Wh/Kg and power density of 10.18 W/Kg. This nanoflower like architecture was decorated on 3D-graphene on Graphite electrode to design the solid-state-supercapacitor prototype device of dimensions of 23.6 × 22.4 × 0.6 mm3 having considerable high Csp of 58.0F/g and energy density of 24.59 Wh/Kg, and power density of 8.8 W/Kg. Four fabricated supercapacitors were connected in series for real state practical demonstration using the light emitting diode that remains enlightened for 40 s by charging it only for 25 s. This study demonstrates the 3D-graphene/MoS2 nanohybrid has a quite high overall potential window nearly about 2.7 V (-1.5 to +1.2 V) in KOH-PVA medium which can be used for the development of solid-state supercapacitors thereby completely eliminating the need for any expensive ionic liquid mediums thus building an exciting potential for high-performance energy storage/transfer devices.

In Situ Production of Graphene-Fiber Hybrid Structures

We report a scalable method to obtain a new material where large graphene sheets form webs linking carbon fibers. Film-fiber hybrid nonwoven mats are formed during fiber processing and converted to carbon structures after a simple thermal treatment. This contrasts with multistep methods that attempt to mix previously prepared graphene and fibers, or require complicated and costly processes for deposition of graphene over carbon fibers. The developed graphene-fiber hybrid structures have seamless connections between graphene and fibers, and in fact the graphene "veils" extend directly from one fiber into another forming a continuous surface. The graphene-fiber hybrid structures are produced in situ from aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) solutions. The solutions were subjected to centrifugal spinning to produce fine nanofiber mats. The addition of salt to the polymer solution stimulated a capillarity effect that promoted the formation of thin veils, which become graphene sheets upon dehydration by sulfuric acid vapor followed by carbonization (at relatively low temperatures, below 800 °C). These veils extend over several micrometers within the pores of the fiber network, and consist of crystalline graphene layers that cross-link the fibers to form a highly interconnected hybrid network. The surface area and pore diameter of the hybrid structures were measured to be 521 m²g^-1 and 10 nm, respectively. The resulting structure shows high electrical conductivity, 550 S/m, and promising shielding of electromagnetic interference, making it an attractive system for a broad range of electronic applications.

Nanocomposites of C3N4 with Layers of MoS2 and Nitrogenated RGO, Obtained by Covalent Cross-Linking: Synthesis, Characterization, and HER Activity

Generation of hydrogen by photochemical, electrochemical, and other means is a vital area of research today, and a variety of materials have been explored as catalysts for this purpose. C₃N₄, MoS₂, and nitrogenated RGO (NRGO) are some of the important catalytic materials investigated for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) reaction, but the observed catalytic activities are somewhat marginal. Prompted by preliminary reports that covalent cross-linking of 2D materials to generate heteroassemblies or nanocomposites may have beneficial effect on the catalytic activity, we have synthesized nanocomposites wherein C₃N₄ is covalently bonded to MoS₂ or NRGO nanosheets. The photochemical HER activity of the C₃N₄-MoS₂ nanocomposite is found to be remarkable with an activity of 12778 μmol h^-1 g^-1 and a turnover frequency of 2.35 h^-1. The physical mixture of C₃N₄ and MoS₂, on the other hand, does not exhibit notable catalytic activity. Encouraged by this result, we have studied electrochemical HER activity of these composites as well. C₃N₄-MoS₂ shows superior activity relative to a physical mixture of MoS₂ and C₃N₄. Density functional theory calculations have been carried out to understand the HER activity of the nanocomposites. Charge-transfer between the components and greater planarity of cross-linked layers are important causes of the superior catalytic activity of the nanocomposites. Covalent linking of such 2D materials appears to be a worthwhile strategy for catalysis and other applications.

Synergistically Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Hierarchical MoS2/TiNb2O7 Hetero-nanostructures as Anode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries

As potential high-performance anodes for Li-ion batteries (LIBs), hierarchical heteronanostructures consisting of TiNb₂O₇ nanofibers and ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets (TNO@MS HRs) were synthesized by simple electrospinning/hydrothermal processes. With their growth mechanism revealed, the TNO@MS HRs exhibited an entangled structure both for their ionic and electronic conducting pathways, which enabled the synergetic combination of one- and two-dimensional structures to be realized. In the potential range of 0.001-3 V vs Li/Li⁺, the TNO@MS HR-based LIBs exhibited high capacities of 872 and 740 mAh g^-1 after 42 and 200 cycles at a current density of 1 A g^-1, respectively, and excellent rate performance of 611 mAh g^-1 at 4 A g^-1. We believe that the fabrication route of TNO@MS HRs will find visibility for the use of anode electrodes for high capacity LIBs at low cost.

Plasmon-Induced Hot Electrons on Mesoporous Carbon for Decomposition of Organic Pollutants under Outdoor Sunlight Irradiation

In this study, a 4 in. CMK-8-Nafion membrane was fabricated using three-dimensional cubic ordered mesoporous carbon CMK-8 blended with a Nafion polymer. Plasmon-resonance hot electrons and holes from Au nanoparticles (NPs) combined with this CMK-8-Nafion membrane resulted in the effective decomposition of methyl orange (MO) due to the synergetic work of hot carriers with mesoporous carbon; a sample of Au/CMK-8-Nafion exposed to outdoor sunlight radiation for 150 min successfully removed 97% of MO. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to examine the generation of hydroxyl groups (OH-) during decomposition. Finally, the spatial distribution of hydroxyl groups was also investigated across the different coverage densities of plasmonic Au NPs.

Large area growth of vertically aligned luminescent MoS2 nanosheets

Vertically aligned MoS₂ nanosheets (NSs) with exposed edges were successfully synthesized over a large area (∼2 cm²). The NSs were grown using an ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition technique via rapid sulfurization of sputter deposited thick molybdenum films. Extensive characterization of the grown MoS₂ NSs has been carried out using high resolution scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM & TEM). A special care was given to the TEM lamella preparation process by means of a focused ion beam to preserve the NS growth direction. The cross-section TEM measurements revealed the growth of densely packed, vertically aligned and straight MoS₂ NSs. Additional characterization techniques such as atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) were used to evaluate the MoS₂ NSs. These studies revealed the high crystallinity and quality of the synthesized NSs. The MoS₂ NSs show visible light emission similar to mechanically exfoliated monolayer MoS₂ NSs. The striking PL signal comes from the exposed edges as shown by experimental and theoretical calculations. The vertical MoS₂ NSs also exhibit a hydrophobic character with a contact angle of 114°. The as-grown MoS₂ NSs would be highly useful in the development of catalysis, nano-optoelectronics, gas-sensing and bio-sensing device applications.

Enhanced lubrication and photocatalytic degradation of liquid paraffin by coral-like MoS2

Coral-like MoS₂ obtained by hydrothermal method can serve as both lubricating additive and photo-catalyst at different working stages in the full life cycle of LP, which exhibits great potential in developing environment-friendly lubricating systems.

Catalytic synergy effect of MoS2/reduced graphene oxide hybrids for a highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction

GO content tuning gradually enhanced the HER catalytic performance of the MoS₂/rGO hybrids, decreasing the Tafel slope from 82 to 48 mV per decade owing to an increase of catalytically active areas and an electronic transition of MoS₂.

Synergistically Enhanced Electrocatalytic Performance of an N-Doped Graphene Quantum Dot-Decorated 3D MoS2-Graphene Nanohybrid for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) were decorated on a three-dimensional (3D) MoS2-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) framework via a facile hydrothermal method. The distribution of N-GQDs on the 3D MoS2-rGO framework was confirmed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray elemental mapping, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy techniques. The resultant 3D nanohybrid was successfully demonstrated as an efficient electrocatalyst toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) under alkaline conditions. The chemical interaction between the electroactive N-GQDs and MoS2-rGO and the increased surface area and pore size of the N-GQDs/MoS2-rGO nanohybrid synergistically improved the ORR onset potential to +0.81 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). Moreover, the N-GQDs/MoS2-rGO nanohybrid showed better ORR stability for up to 3000 cycles with negligible deviation in the half-wave potential (E 1/2). Most importantly, the N-GQDs/MoS2-rGO nanohybrid exhibited a superior methanol tolerance ability even under a high concentration of methanol (3.0 M) in alkaline medium. Hence, the development of a low-cost metal-free graphene quantum dot-based 3D nanohybrid with high methanol tolerance may open up a novel strategy to design selective cathode electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cell applications.

Synthesis and characterization of MoS2 nanosheets

Here, we report on the synthesis of MoS2 nanosheets using a simple two-step additive-free growth technique. The as-synthesized nanosheets were characterized to determine their structure and composition, as well as their optical properties. The MoS2 nanosheets were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), including high-resolution scanning TEM imaging and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL). The as-produced MoS2 nanosheets are vertically aligned with curved edges and are densely populated. The TEM measurements confirmed that the nanosheets have the 2H-MoS2 crystal structure in agreement with the Raman results. The XPS results revealed the presence of high purity MoS2. Moreover, a prominent PL similar to mechanically exfoliated few and mono-layer MoS2 was observed for the as-grown nanosheets. For the thin (≤50 nm) nanosheets, the PL feature was observed at the same energy as that for a direct band-gap monolayer MoS2 (1.83 eV). Thus, the as-produced high-quality, large-area, MoS2 nanosheets could be potentially useful for various optoelectronic and catalysis applications.

Phosphoric acid-assisted synthesis of layered MoS2/graphene hybrids with electrolyte-dependent supercapacitive behaviors

An electrolyte-dependent behavior (greatly differ in pseudocapacitance) was investigated in the modified freestanding layered MoS₂/graphene hybrid.

Co9S8 nanoparticles encapsulated in nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon networks with improved lithium storage properties

Co₉S₈ nanoparticles encapsulated in nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon networks have been synthesized by annealing a cobalt containing metal organic framework with sulfur powders. The products exhibit excellent lithium storage properties.

Enhanced supercapacitor performance of a 3D architecture tailored using atomically thin rGO–MoS2 2D sheets

A stable, conductive, additive-free and scalable 3D architecture supercapacitor electrode fabricated by atomically thin 2D sheets of GO and MoS₂ shows superior electrochemical properties which are further substantiated using MD simulations.

A 3D graphene-supported MoS2 nanosphere and nanosheet heterostructure as a highly efficient free-standing hydrogen evolution electrode

A free-standing electrocatalytic electrode was synthesized by uniformly depositing cross-distributed MoS₂ nanospheres and nanosheets on a 3D graphene foam, which exhibited superior performance for hydrogen evolution.

Constructing aligned γ-Fe2O3 nanorods with internal void space anchored on reduced graphene oxide nanosheets for excellent lithium storage

Unique 1D aligned γ-Fe₂O₃ nanorods with internal void spaces anchored on 2D rGO nanosheets were successfully constructed. The resultant nanocomposites of γ-Fe₂O₃/rGO exhibit excellent lithium storage properties.