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Reyes-Cervantes A, Robles-Morales DL, Tec-Caamal EN, Jiménez-González A, Medina-Moreno SA. Performance evaluation of Trichoderma reseei in tolerance and biodegradation of diuron herbicide in agar plate, liquid culture and solid-state fermentation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:137. [PMID: 38504029 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03931-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the performance of the fungus Trichoderma reesei to tolerate and biodegrade the herbicide diuron in its agrochemical presentation in agar plates, liquid culture, and solid-state fermentation. The tolerance of T. reesei to diuron was characterized through a non-competitive inhibition model of the fungal radial growth on the PDA agar plate and growth in liquid culture with glucose and ammonium nitrate, showing a higher tolerance to diuron on the PDA agar plate (inhibition constant 98.63 mg L-1) than in liquid culture (inhibition constant 39.4 mg L-1). Diuron biodegradation by T. reesei was characterized through model inhibition by the substrate on agar plate and liquid culture. In liquid culture, the fungus biotransformed diuron into 3,4-dichloroaniline using the amide group from the diuron structure as a carbon and nitrogen source, yielding 0.154 mg of biomass per mg of diuron. A mixture of barley straw and agrolite was used as the support and substrate for solid-state fermentation. The diuron removal percentage in solid-state fermentation was fitted by non-multiple linear regression to a parabolic surface response model and reached the higher removal (97.26%) with a specific aeration rate of 1.0 vkgm and inoculum of 2.6 × 108 spores g-1. The diuron removal in solid-state fermentation by sorption on barley straw and agrolite was discarded compared to the removal magnitude of the biosorption and biodegradation mechanisms of Trichoderma reesei. The findings in this work about the tolerance and capability of Trichoderma reesei to remove diuron in liquid and solid culture media demonstrate the potential of the fungus to be implemented in bioremediation technologies of herbicide-polluted sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Reyes-Cervantes
- Posgrado en Biotecnología, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Mpio., Carretera Pachuca Cd. Sahagún Km. 20, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hgo, Mexico
| | - Diana Laura Robles-Morales
- Posgrado en Biotecnología, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Mpio., Carretera Pachuca Cd. Sahagún Km. 20, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hgo, Mexico
| | - Edgar Noé Tec-Caamal
- Centre of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Querétaro, Av. Epigmenio González 500, 76130, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Angélica Jiménez-González
- Posgrado en Biotecnología, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Mpio., Carretera Pachuca Cd. Sahagún Km. 20, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hgo, Mexico
| | - Sergio Alejandro Medina-Moreno
- Posgrado en Biotecnología, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Mpio., Carretera Pachuca Cd. Sahagún Km. 20, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hgo, Mexico.
- Centre of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Querétaro, Av. Epigmenio González 500, 76130, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico.
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Ramamoorthy NK, Pallam RB, Subash Chandrabose K, Sahadevan R, Vemuri VS. A critical process variable-regulated, parameter-balancing auxostat, performed using disposed COVID-19 personal protective equipment-based substrate mixture, yields sustained and improved endoglucanase titers. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 54:19-38. [PMID: 37149786 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2204479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fifty percent of the overall operational expenses of biorefineries are incurred during enzymatic-saccharification processes. Cellulases have a global-market value of $1621 USD. Dearth of conventional lignocelluloses have led to the exploration of their waste stream-based, unconventional sources. Native fungus-employing cellulase-production batches fail to yield sustained enzyme titers. It could be attributed to variations in the enzyme-production broth's quasi-dilatant behavior, its fluid and flow properties; heat and oxygen transfer regimes; kinetics of fungal growth; and nutrient utilization. The current investigation presents one of the first-time usages of a substrate mixture, majorly comprising disposed COVID-19 personal protective-equipment (PPE). To devise a sustainable and scalable cellulase-production process, various variable-regulated, continuous-culture auxostats were performed. The glucose concentration-maintaining auxostat recorded consistent endoglucanase titers throughout its feeding-cum-harvest cycles; furthermore, it enhanced oxygen transfer, heat transfer co-efficient, and mass transfer co-efficient by 91.5, 36, and 77%, respectively. Substrate-characterization revealed that an unintended, autoclave-based organsolv pretreatment caused unanticipated increases in endoglucanase titers. The cumulative lab-scale cellulase-production cost was found to be $16.3. The proposed approach is economical, and it offers a pollution-free waste management process, thereby generating carbon credits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navnit Kumar Ramamoorthy
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, India
| | - Revanth Babu Pallam
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, India
| | | | | | - Venkateswara Sarma Vemuri
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, India
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Ramamoorthy NK, Vengadesan V, Pallam RB, Sadras SR, Sahadevan R, Sarma VV. A pilot-scale sustainable biorefinery, integrating mushroom cultivation and in-situ pretreatment-cum-saccharification for ethanol production. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 53:954-967. [PMID: 36633578 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2162922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Biomass pretreatment incurs 40% of the overall cost of biorefinery operations. The usage of mushroom cultivation as a pretreatment/delignification technique, and bio-ethanol production from spent mushroom substrates, after subsequent pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation processes, have been reported earlier. However, the present pilot-scale, entirely-organic demonstration is one of the very first biorefinery models, which efficiently consolidates: biomass pretreatment; in-situ cellulase production and saccharification; mushroom cultivation, thereby improving the overall operational economy. During pretreatment, the oyster mushroom, Pluerotus florida VS-6, matures into distinct substrate mycelia and fruiting bodies. Consequential variations in the kinetics of growth, biomass degradation/substrate utilization, oxygen uptake and transfer rates, and enzyme production, have been analyzed. Signifying the first-time usage of a biomass mixture, comprising vegetative waste and e-commerce packaging waste, the 30 day-long, bio-economical, non-inhibitor-generating, catabolite repression-limited, solid-state in-situ pretreatment-cum-saccharification, resulted in: 78% lignin degradation; 13.25% soluble-sugar release; 18.25% mushroom yield; 0.88 FPU/g.ds cellulase secretion. The in-situ saccharified biomass, when sequentially subjected to ex-situ enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation, showed 37.35% saccharification, and a bio-ethanol yield of 0.425 g per g of glucose, respectively. Apart from yielding engine-ready bio-ethanol, the model doubles as an agripreneurial proposition, and encourages mushroom cultivation and consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navnit Kumar Ramamoorthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry, India
| | - Vinoth Vengadesan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry, India
| | - Revanth Babu Pallam
- Department of Biotechnology, Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry, India
| | - Sudha Rani Sadras
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry, India
| | | | - Vemuri Venkateswara Sarma
- Department of Biotechnology, Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry, India
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Tomico-Cuenca I, Mach RL, Mach-Aigner AR, Derntl C. An overview on current molecular tools for heterologous gene expression in Trichoderma. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 2021; 8:11. [PMID: 34702369 PMCID: PMC8549263 DOI: 10.1186/s40694-021-00119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi of the genus Trichoderma are routinely used as biocontrol agents and for the production of industrial enzymes. Trichoderma spp. are interesting hosts for heterologous gene expression because their saprotrophic and mycoparasitic lifestyles enable them to thrive on a large number of nutrient sources and some members of this genus are generally recognized as safe (GRAS status). In this review, we summarize and discuss several aspects involved in heterologous gene expression in Trichoderma, including transformation methods, genome editing strategies, native and synthetic expression systems and implications of protein secretion. This review focuses on the industrial workhorse Trichoderma reesei because this fungus is the best-studied member of this genus for protein expression and secretion. However, the discussed strategies and tools can be expected to be transferable to other Trichoderma species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Tomico-Cuenca
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Robert L Mach
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Astrid R Mach-Aigner
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Christian Derntl
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Wien, Austria.
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Havukainen S, Pujol-Giménez J, Valkonen M, Hediger MA, Landowski CP. Functional characterization of a highly specific L-arabinose transporter from Trichoderma reesei. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:177. [PMID: 34496831 PMCID: PMC8425032 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01666-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lignocellulose biomass has been investigated as a feedstock for second generation biofuels and other value-added products. Some of the processes for biofuel production utilize cellulases and hemicellulases to convert the lignocellulosic biomass into a range of soluble sugars before fermentation with microorganisms such as yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. One of these sugars is l-arabinose, which cannot be utilized naturally by yeast. The first step in l-arabinose catabolism is its transport into the cells, and yeast lacks a specific transporter, which could perform this task. Results We identified Trire2_104072 of Trichoderma reesei as a potential l-arabinose transporter based on its expression profile. This transporter was described already in 2007 as d-xylose transporter XLT1. Electrophysiology experiments with Xenopus laevis oocytes and heterologous expression in yeast revealed that Trire2_104072 is a high-affinity l-arabinose symporter with a Km value in the range of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\sim$$\end{document}∼ 0.1–0.2 mM. It can also transport d-xylose but with low affinity (Km\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\sim$$\end{document}∼ 9 mM). In yeast, l-arabinose transport was inhibited slightly by d-xylose but not by d-glucose in an assay with fivefold excess of the inhibiting sugar. Comparison with known l-arabinose transporters revealed that the expression of Trire2_104072 enabled yeast to uptake l-arabinose at the highest rate in conditions with low extracellular l-arabinose concentration. Despite the high specificity of Trire2_104072 for l-arabinose, the growth of its T. reesei deletion mutant was only affected at low l-arabinose concentrations. Conclusions Due to its high affinity for l-arabinose and low inhibition by d-glucose or d-xylose, Trire2_104072 could serve as a good candidate for improving the existing pentose-utilizing yeast strains. The discovery of a highly specific l-arabinose transporter also adds to our knowledge of the primary metabolism of T. reesei. The phenotype of the deletion strain suggests the involvement of other transporters in l-arabinose transport in this species. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-021-01666-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Havukainen
- VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Ltd, Tietotie 2, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Jonai Pujol-Giménez
- Membrane Transport Discovery Lab, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 15, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 15, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mari Valkonen
- VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Ltd, Tietotie 2, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Matthias A Hediger
- Membrane Transport Discovery Lab, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 15, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 15, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
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Havukainen S, Pujol-Giménez J, Valkonen M, Westerholm-Parvinen A, Hediger MA, Landowski CP. Electrophysiological characterization of a diverse group of sugar transporters from Trichoderma reesei. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14678. [PMID: 34282161 PMCID: PMC8290022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93552-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichoderma reesei is an ascomycete fungus known for its capability to secrete high amounts of extracellular cellulose- and hemicellulose-degrading enzymes. These enzymes are utilized in the production of second-generation biofuels and T. reesei is a well-established host for their production. Although this species has gained considerable interest in the scientific literature, the sugar transportome of T. reesei remains poorly characterized. Better understanding of the proteins involved in the transport of different sugars could be utilized for engineering better enzyme production strains. In this study we aimed to shed light on this matter by characterizing multiple T. reesei transporters capable of transporting various types of sugars. We used phylogenetics to select transporters for expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes to screen for transport activities. Of the 18 tested transporters, 8 were found to be functional in oocytes. 10 transporters in total were investigated in oocytes and in yeast, and for 3 of them no transport function had been described in literature. This comprehensive analysis provides a large body of new knowledge about T. reesei sugar transporters, and further establishes X. laevis oocytes as a valuable tool for studying fungal sugar transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Havukainen
- Protein Production Team, VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Ltd, Tietotie 2, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Jonai Pujol-Giménez
- Membrane Transport Discovery Lab, Department of Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mari Valkonen
- Protein Production Team, VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Ltd, Tietotie 2, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ann Westerholm-Parvinen
- Protein Production Team, VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Ltd, Tietotie 2, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Matthias A Hediger
- Membrane Transport Discovery Lab, Department of Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christopher P Landowski
- Protein Production Team, VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Ltd, Tietotie 2, 02150, Espoo, Finland.
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7
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Baldi N, de Valk SC, Sousa-Silva M, Casal M, Soares-Silva I, Mans R. Evolutionary engineering reveals amino acid substitutions in Ato2 and Ato3 that allow improved growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on lactic acid. FEMS Yeast Res 2021; 21:6286924. [PMID: 34042971 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foab033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the complete set of proteins involved in transport of lactic acid across the cell membrane has not been determined. In this study, we aimed to identify transport proteins not previously described to be involved in lactic acid transport via a combination of directed evolution, whole-genome resequencing and reverse engineering. Evolution of a strain lacking all known lactic acid transporters on lactate led to the discovery of mutated Ato2 and Ato3 as two novel lactic acid transport proteins. When compared to previously identified S. cerevisiae genes involved in lactic acid transport, expression of ATO3T284C was able to facilitate the highest growth rate (0.15 ± 0.01 h-1) on this carbon source. A comparison between (evolved) sequences and 3D models of the transport proteins showed that most of the identified mutations resulted in a widening of the narrowest hydrophobic constriction of the anion channel. We hypothesize that this observation, sometimes in combination with an increased binding affinity of lactic acid to the sites adjacent to this constriction, are responsible for the improved lactic acid transport in the evolved proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Baldi
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Claire de Valk
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Sousa-Silva
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Margarida Casal
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Isabel Soares-Silva
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Robert Mans
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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Dual Regulatory Role of Chromatin Remodeler ISW1 in Coordinating Cellulase and Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis in Trichoderma reesei. mBio 2021; 13:e0345621. [PMID: 35130719 PMCID: PMC8822348 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03456-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The saprophytic filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei represents one of the most prolific cellulase producers isolated from nature. T. reesei also produces a typical yellow pigment identified as sorbicillinoids during cultivation. Here, we identified an evolutionarily conserved histone remodeling factor, ISW1, in T. reesei that simultaneously participates in regulating cellulase and the yellow pigment biosynthesis. Trisw1 deletion almost abolished vegetable growth, asexual spore formation, and cellulase gene expression. However, its absence significantly enhanced the production of the yellow pigment. The observed dual regulatory role of TrISW1 was dependent on its ATPase activity. We demonstrated that Trisw1 disruption elevated the transcription of ypr1 coding for the transcriptional activator of sor genes encoding the polyketide synthases catalyzing the biosynthesis of sorbicillinoids but compromised that of xyr1 encoding the key transcriptional activator of cellulase genes. Discrete T. reesei homologous ISW1 accessory factors were also found to exert differential effects on the expression of these two types of genes. Further analyses showed that TrISW1 was recruited to cellulase gene promoters, and its absence interfered with loss of histone H4 at the cbh1 and eg1 promoters upon cellulose induction. To the contrary, Trisw1 deletion facilitated loss of H4 at the sor locus. These data indicate that TrISW1 represents an important chromatin remodeler with a dual role in coordinating the cellulolytic response and biosynthesis of the major secondary metabolite in T. reesei. IMPORTANCE Microorganisms, including Trichoderma reesei, constantly face the challenge to outcompete other species to ensure efficient colonization in their natural habitat. They achieve this usually by adopting two alternative strategies by either maintaining fast growth on limited nutrient resources or producing a versatile array of secondary metabolites to fight against competitors. These two strategies, however, have to be subtly controlled to balance the assignment of and thus make the best use of cellular resources. Here, we identified a chromatin remodeling factor, TrISW1, with a dual role in coordinating the cellulolytic response and biosynthesis of the major secondary metabolite in T. reesei. The data also provide a novel insight into how T. reesei takes advantage of a chromatin remodeler to exquisitely balance two different adaptive strategies to ensure an efficient allocation of cellular resources to achieve efficient colonization in a specific environment.
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Li J, Liu Q, Li J, Lin L, Li X, Zhang Y, Tian C. RCO-3 and COL-26 form an external-to-internal module that regulates the dual-affinity glucose transport system in Neurospora crassa. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:33. [PMID: 33509260 PMCID: PMC7841889 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01877-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low- and high-affinity glucose transport system is a conserved strategy of microorganism to cope with environmental glucose fluctuation for their growth and competitiveness. In Neurospora crassa, the dual-affinity glucose transport system consists of a low-affinity glucose transporter GLT-1 and two high-affinity glucose transporters HGT-1/HGT-2, which play diverse roles in glucose transport, carbon metabolism, and cellulase expression regulation. However, the regulation of this dual-transporter system in response to environmental glucose fluctuation is not yet clear. RESULTS In this study, we report that a regulation module consisting of a downstream transcription factor COL-26 and an upstream non-transporting glucose sensor RCO-3 regulates the dual-affinity glucose transport system in N. crassa. COL-26 directly binds to the promoter regions of glt-1, hgt-1, and hgt-2, whereas RCO-3 is an upstream factor of the module whose deletion mutant resembles the Δcol-26 mutant phenotypically. Transcriptional profiling analysis revealed that Δcol-26 and Δrco-3 mutants had similar transcriptional profiles, and both mutants had impaired response to a glucose gradient. We also showed that the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) complex is involved in regulation of the glucose transporters. AMPK is required for repression of glt-1 expression in starvation conditions by inhibiting the activity of RCO-3. CONCLUSIONS RCO-3 and COL-26 form an external-to-internal module that regulates the glucose dual-affinity transport system. Transcription factor COL-26 was identified as the key regulator. AMPK was also involved in the regulation of the dual-transporter system. Our findings provide novel insight into the molecular basis of glucose uptake and signaling in filamentous fungi, which may aid in the rational design of fungal strains for industrial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Jingen Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Liangcai Lin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yongli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Chaoguang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
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Datamining and functional environmental genomics reassess the phylogenetics and functional diversity of fungal monosaccharide transporters. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:647-660. [PMID: 33394157 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-11076-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sugar transporters are essential components of carbon metabolism and have been extensively studied to control sugar uptake by yeasts and filamentous fungi used in fermentation processes. Based on published information on characterized fungal sugar porters, we show that this protein family encompasses phylogenetically distinct clades. While several clades encompass transporters that seemingly specialized on specific "sugar-related" molecules (e.g., myo-inositol, charged sugar analogs), others include mostly either mono- or di/oligosaccharide low-specificity transporters. To address the issue of substrate specificity of sugar transporters, that protein primary sequences do not fully reveal, we screened "multi-species" soil eukaryotic cDNA libraries for mannose transporters, a sugar that had never been used to select transporters. We obtained 19 environmental transporters, mostly from Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. Among them, one belonged to the unusual "Fucose H+ Symporter" family, which is only known in Fungi for a rhamnose transporter in Aspergillus niger. Functional analysis of the 19 transporters by expression in yeast and for two of them in Xenopus laevis oocytes for electrophysiological measurements indicated that most of them showed a preference for D-mannose over other tested D-C6 (glucose, fructose, galactose) or D-C5 (xylose) sugars. For the several glucose and fructose-negative transporters, growth of the corresponding recombinant yeast strains was prevented on mannose in the presence of one of these sugars that may act by competition for the binding site. Our results highlight the potential of environmental genomics to figure out the functional diversity of key fungal protein families and that can be explored in a context of biotechnology. KEY POINTS: • Most fungal sugar transporters accept several sugars as substrates. • Transporters, belonging to 2 protein families, were isolated from soil cDNA libraries. • Environmental transporters featured novel substrate specificities.
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Jiang Y, Shen Y, Gu L, Wang Z, Su N, Niu K, Guo W, Hou S, Bao X, Tian C, Fang X. Identification and Characterization of an Efficient d-Xylose Transporter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:2702-2710. [PMID: 32054270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
d-Xylose is the most abundant hemicellulosic monomer on earth, but wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae has very limited d-xylose uptake capacity. We conducted bioprospecting for new sugar transporters from the d-xylose-consuming filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei and identified three candidates belonging to the major facilitator superfamily. When they were expressed in yeast and assayed for d-xylose uptake, one of them, Xltr1p, had d-xylose transport activity that was more efficient than that of Gal2p, an endogenous yeast transporter. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to examine the functional contributions of 13 amino acid residues for the uptake of d-xylose, and these experiments identified particular amino acids that function distinctly in d-xylose vs glucose transport (e.g., F300). Excitingly, the yeast strain expressing the N326FXltr1p variant was able to carry a "high efficiency" transport for d-xylose but was nearly unable to utilize glucose; in contrast, the strain with the F300AXltr1p variant grew on glucose but lost d-xylose transport activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lichuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ning Su
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Kangle Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shaoli Hou
- Yantai Huakangrongzan Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Xiaoming Bao
- College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chaoguang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
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12
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Dennis EK, Kim JH, Parkin S, Awuah SG, Garneau-Tsodikova S. Distorted Gold(I)–Phosphine Complexes as Antifungal Agents. J Med Chem 2019; 63:2455-2469. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily K. Dennis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Sean Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Samuel G. Awuah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
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13
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Zhou YR, Song XY, Li Y, Shi JC, Shi WL, Chen XL, Liu WF, Liu XM, Zhang WX, Zhang YZ. Enhancing peptaibols production in the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum SMF2 by elimination of a putative glucose sensor. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:3030-3040. [PMID: 31403179 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Trichoderma spp. are main producers of peptide antibiotics known as peptaibols. While peptaibols have been shown to possess a range of biological activities, molecular understanding of the regulation of their production is largely unclear, which hampers the production improvement through genetic engineering. Here, we demonstrated that the orthologue of glucose sensors in the outstanding biocontrol fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum SMF2, TlSTP1, participates in the regulation of peptaibols production. Deletion of Tlstp1 markedly impaired hyphal growth and conidiation, but significantly increased peptaibols yield by 5-fold for Trichokonins A and 2.6-fold for Trichokonins B. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses showed that the increased peptaibols production occurs at the transcriptional levels of the two nonribosomal peptide synthetase encoding genes, tlx1 and tlx2. Transcriptome analyses of the wild type and the Tlstp1 mutant strains indicated that TlSTP1 exerts a regulatory effect on a set of genes that are involved in a number of metabolic and cellular processes, including synthesis of several other secondary metabolites. These results suggest an important role of TlSTP1 in the regulation of vegetative growth and peptaibols production in T. longibrachiatum SMF2 and provide insights into construction of peptaibol-hyperproducing strains through genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Rong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Chao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei-Ling Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiu-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiang-Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei-Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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14
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Wang L, Yang R, Cao Y, Zheng F, Meng X, Zhong Y, Chen G, Zhang W, Liu W. CLP1, a Novel Plant Homeo Domain Protein, Participates in Regulating Cellulase Gene Expression in the Filamentous Fungus Trichoderma reesei. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1700. [PMID: 31447796 PMCID: PMC6691364 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The stringent regulatory network of cellulase gene expression in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei involves multiple transcriptional regulators. However, identification and mechanistic investigation of these regulators are still insufficient. Here, we identified a novel transcriptional regulator, CLP1, a plant homeo domain (PHD) Protein that participates in regulating T. reesei cellulase gene expression. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that CLP1 homologs are widely distributed in filamentous fungi including Trichoderma, Penicillium, Fusarium, Neurospora, and Aspergillus species. We demonstrated that CLP1 is a nuclear protein and lack of CLP1 significantly impaired the induced expression of cellulase genes. ChIP experiments showed CLP1 binding to the cellulase gene promoters specifically under cellulose conditions and compromised XYR1 occupancy on the same promoters in the absence of CLP1 at the early induction stage. XYR1 overexpression fully rescued the defect in cellulase production but not the defect in conidia formation in the clp1 null mutant. Further analysis showed that the PHD is required for the CLP1 appropriate subcellular localization as well as the induced cellulase gene expression and conidiation. Taken together, these data demonstrated an important role of CLP1 in the regulation of cellulase and xylanase gene expression in T. reesei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Renfei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanli Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fanglin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangfeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaohua Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Weixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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15
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Patzke K, Prananingrum P, Klemens PAW, Trentmann O, Rodrigues CM, Keller I, Fernie AR, Geigenberger P, Bölter B, Lehmann M, Schmitz-Esser S, Pommerrenig B, Haferkamp I, Neuhaus HE. The Plastidic Sugar Transporter pSuT Influences Flowering and Affects Cold Responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 179:569-587. [PMID: 30482788 PMCID: PMC6426421 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose (Suc) is one of the most important types of sugars in plants, serving inter alia as a long-distance transport molecule, a carbon and energy storage compound, an osmotically active solute, and fuel for many anabolic reactions. Suc biosynthesis and degradation pathways are well known; however, the regulation of Suc intracellular distribution is poorly understood. In particular, the cellular function of chloroplast Suc reserves and the transporters involved in accumulating these substantial Suc levels remain uncharacterized. Here, we characterize the plastidic sugar transporter (pSuT) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), which belongs to a subfamily of the monosaccharide transporter-like family. Transport analyses with yeast cells expressing a truncated, vacuole-targeted version of pSuT indicate that both glucose and Suc act as substrates, and nonaqueous fractionation supports a role for pSuT in Suc export from the chloroplast. The latter process is required for a correct transition from vegetative to reproductive growth and influences inflorescence architecture. Moreover, pSuT activity affects freezing-induced electrolyte release. These data further underline the central function of the chloroplast for plant development and the modulation of stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Patzke
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - Patrick A W Klemens
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Oliver Trentmann
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - Isabel Keller
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institut for Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Golm, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter Geigenberger
- Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Biocenter, Department II, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Bettina Bölter
- Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Biocenter, Department II, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Biocenter, Department II, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | | | | | - Ilka Haferkamp
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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16
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Fitz E, Wanka F, Seiboth B. The Promoter Toolbox for Recombinant Gene Expression in Trichoderma reesei. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:135. [PMID: 30364340 PMCID: PMC6193071 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The ascomycete Trichoderma reesei is one of the main fungal producers of cellulases and xylanases based on its high production capacity. Its enzymes are applied in food, feed, and textile industry or in lignocellulose hydrolysis in biofuel and biorefinery industry. Over the last years, the demand to expand the molecular toolbox for T. reesei to facilitate genetic engineering and improve the production of heterologous proteins grew. An important instrument to modify the expression of key genes are promoters to initiate and control their transcription. To date, the most commonly used promoter for T. reesei is the strong inducible promoter of the main cellobiohydrolase cel7a. Beside this one, there is a number of alternative inducible promoters derived from other cellulase- and xylanase encoding genes and a few constitutive promoters. With the advances in genomics and transcriptomics the identification of new constitutive and tunable promoters with different expression strength was simplified. In this review, we will discuss new developments in the field of promoters and compare their advantages and disadvantages. Synthetic expression systems constitute a new option to control gene expression and build up complex gene circuits. Therefore, we will address common structural features of promoters and describe options for promoter engineering and synthetic design of promoters. The availability of well-characterized gene expression control tools is essential for the analysis of gene function, detection of bottlenecks in gene networks and yield increase for biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Fitz
- Research Division Biochemical Technology, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB) GmbH, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Wanka
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB) GmbH, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Seiboth
- Research Division Biochemical Technology, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB) GmbH, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
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17
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New Genomic Approaches to Enhance Biomass Degradation by the Industrial Fungus Trichoderma reesei. Int J Genomics 2018; 2018:1974151. [PMID: 30345291 PMCID: PMC6174759 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1974151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The filamentous fungi Trichoderma reesei is one of the most well-studied cellulolytic microorganisms. It is the most important fungus for the industrial production of enzymes to biomass deconstruction being widely used in the biotechnology industry, mainly in the production of biofuels. Here, we performed an analytic review of the holocellulolytic system presented by T. reesei as well as the transcriptional and signaling mechanisms involved with holocellulase expression in this fungus. We also discuss new perspectives about control of secretion and cellulase expression based on RNA-seq and functional characterization data of T. reesei growth in different carbon sources, which comprise glucose, cellulose, sophorose, and sugarcane bagasse.
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18
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Maslanka R, Kwolek-Mirek M, Zadrag-Tecza R. Consequences of calorie restriction and calorie excess for the physiological parameters of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. FEMS Yeast Res 2018; 17:4628043. [PMID: 29145638 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fox087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose plays an important role in cell metabolism and has an impact on cellular physiology. Changes in glucose availability may strongly influence growth rate of the cell size, cell metabolism and the rate of generation of cellular by-products, such as reactive oxygen species. The positive effect of low glucose concentration conditions-calorie restriction is observed in a wide range of species, including the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, yet little is known about the effect of high glucose concentrations-calorie excess. Such analysis seems to be particularly important due to recently common problem of diabetes and obesity. The effect of glucose on morphological and physiological parameters of the yeast cell was conducted using genetic alteration (disruption of genes involved in glucose signalling) and calorie restriction and calorie excess conditions. The results show a significant relationship among extracellular glucose concentration, cell size and reactive oxygen species generation in yeast cells. Furthermore, the results obtained through the use of mutant strains with disorders in glucose signalling pathways suggest that the intracellular level of glucose is more important than its extracellular concentration. These data also suggest that the calorie excess as a factor, which has a significant impact on cell physiology, requires further comprehensive analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Maslanka
- University of Rzeszow, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kwolek-Mirek
- University of Rzeszow, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Renata Zadrag-Tecza
- University of Rzeszow, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
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19
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Liang Z, Liu D, Lu X, Zong H, Song J, Zhuge B. Identification and characterization from Candida glycerinogenes of hexose transporters having high efficiency at high glucose concentrations. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5557-5567. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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20
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Nogueira KMV, de Paula RG, Antoniêto ACC, dos Reis TF, Carraro CB, Silva AC, Almeida F, Rechia CGV, Goldman GH, Silva RN. Characterization of a novel sugar transporter involved in sugarcane bagasse degradation in Trichoderma reesei. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:84. [PMID: 29619080 PMCID: PMC5879799 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1084-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trichoderma reesei is a saprophytic fungus implicated in the degradation of polysaccharides present in the cell wall of plants. T. reesei has been recognized as the most important industrial fungus that secretes and produces cellulase enzymes that are employed in the production of second generation bioethanol. A few of the molecular mechanisms involved in the process of biomass deconstruction by T. reesei; in particular, the effect of sugar transporters and induction of xylanases and cellulases expression are yet to be known. RESULTS In our study, we characterized a novel sugar transporter, which was previously identified by our group through in silico analysis of RNA-seq data. The novel T. reesei 69957-sugar transport system (Tr69957) is capable of transporting xylose, mannose, and cellobiose using a T. reesei 69957-sugar transport system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The deletion of Tr69957 in T. reesei affected the fungal growth and biomass accumulation, and the sugar uptake in the presence of mannose, cellobiose, and xylose. Molecular docking studies revealed that Tr69957 shows reduced protein-ligand binding energy for interactions towards disaccharides in comparison with monosaccharides. Furthermore, the deletion of Tr69957 affected the gene expression of cellobiohydrolases (cel7a and cel6a), β-glucosidases (cel3a and cel1a), and xylanases (xyn1 and xyn2) in the cultures of parental and mutant strains in the presence of cellobiose and sugarcane bagasse (SCB). CONCLUSION The transporter Tr69957 of T. reesei can transport cellobiose, xylose, and mannose, and can affect the expression of a few genes encoding enzymes, such as cellulases and xylanases, in the presence of SCB. We showed for the first time that a filamentous fungus (T. reesei) contains a potential mannose transporter that may be involved in the degradation of cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline M. V. Nogueira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Renato Graciano de Paula
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | | | - Thaila F. dos Reis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Cláudia Batista Carraro
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Alinne Costa Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Fausto Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Carem Gledes Vargas Rechia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Gustavo H. Goldman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Roberto N. Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
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Xing Z, Wang S, Tran EJ. Characterization of the mammalian DEAD-box protein DDX5 reveals functional conservation with S. cerevisiae ortholog Dbp2 in transcriptional control and glucose metabolism. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 23:1125-1138. [PMID: 28411202 PMCID: PMC5473146 DOI: 10.1261/rna.060335.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
DEAD-box proteins are a class of nonprocessive RNA helicases that dynamically modulate the structure of RNA and ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs). However, the precise roles of individual members are not well understood. Work from our laboratory revealed that the DEAD-box protein Dbp2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an active RNA helicase in vitro that functions in transcription by promoting mRNP assembly, repressing cryptic transcription initiation, and regulating long noncoding RNA activity. Interestingly, Dbp2 is also linked to glucose sensing and hexose transporter gene expression. DDX5 is the mammalian ortholog of Dbp2 that has been implicated in cancer and metabolic syndrome, suggesting that the role of Dbp2 and DDX5 in glucose metabolic regulation is conserved. Herein, we present a refined biochemical and biological comparison of yeast Dbp2 and human DDX5 enzymes. We find that human DDX5 possesses a 10-fold higher unwinding activity than Dbp2, which is partially due to the presence of a mammalian/avian specific C-terminal extension. Interestingly, ectopic expression of DDX5 rescues the cold sensitivity, cryptic initiation defects, and impaired glucose import in dbp2Δ cells, suggesting functional conservation. Consistently, we show that DDX5 promotes glucose uptake and glycolysis in mouse AML12 hepatocyte cells, suggesting that mammalian DDX5 and S. cerevisiae Dbp2 share conserved roles in cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Xing
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA
| | - Siwen Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Tran
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA
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22
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The low affinity glucose transporter HxtB is also involved in glucose signalling and metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45073. [PMID: 28361917 PMCID: PMC5374493 DOI: 10.1038/srep45073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the drawbacks during second-generation biofuel production from plant lignocellulosic biomass is the accumulation of glucose, the preferred carbon source of microorganisms, which causes the repression of hydrolytic enzyme secretion by industrially relevant filamentous fungi. Glucose sensing, subsequent transport and cellular signalling pathways have been barely elucidated in these organisms. This study therefore characterized the transcriptional response of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans to the presence of high and low glucose concentrations under continuous chemostat cultivation with the aim to identify novel factors involved in glucose sensing and signalling. Several transcription factor- and transporter-encoding genes were identified as being differentially regulated, including the previously characterized glucose and xylose transporter HxtB. HxtB was confirmed to be a low affinity glucose transporter, localizing to the plasma membrane under low- and high-glucose conditions. Furthermore, HxtB was shown to be involved in conidiation-related processes and may play a role in downstream glucose signalling. A gene predicted to encode the protein kinase PskA was also identified as being important for glucose metabolism. This study identified several proteins with predicted roles in glucose metabolic processes and provides a foundation for further investigation into the response of biotechnologically important filamentous fungi to glucose.
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23
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Zhang W, Cao Y, Chen G, Liu W. Identification of the structural determinants for efficient glucose transport via segment swapping between two fungal glucose transporters. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01095h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The N- and C-terminal segments exert a profound effect on the glucose transport capability of Stp1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology
- School of Life Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- P. R. China
| | - Yanli Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology
- School of Life Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- P. R. China
| | - Guanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology
- School of Life Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology
- School of Life Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- P. R. China
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