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Gorgieva S, Jančič U, Cepec E, Trček J. Production efficiency and properties of bacterial cellulose membranes in a novel grape pomace hydrolysate by Komagataeibacter melomenusus AV436 T and Komagataeibacter xylinus LMG 1518. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125368. [PMID: 37330080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The microbial production of cellulose using different bacterial species has been extensively examined for various industrial applications. However, the cost-effectiveness of all these biotechnological processes is strongly related to the culture medium for bacterial cellulose (BC) production. Herein, we examined a simple and modified procedure for preparing grape pomace (GP) hydrolysate, without enzymatic treatment, as a sole growth medium for BC production by acetic acid bacteria (AAB). The central composite design (CCD) was used to optimise the GP hydrolysate preparation toward the highest reducing sugar contents (10.4 g/L) and minimal phenolic contents (4.8 g/L). The experimental screening of 4 differently prepared hydrolysates and 20 AAB strains identified the recently described species Komagataeibacter melomenusus AV436T as the most efficient BC producer (up to 1.24 g/L dry BC membrane), followed by Komagataeibacter xylinus LMG 1518 (up to 0.98 g/L dry BC membrane). The membranes were synthesized in only 4 days of bacteria culturing, 1 st day with shaking, followed by 3 days of static incubation. The produced BC membranes in GP-hydrolysates showed, in comparison to the membranes made in a complex RAE medium 34 % reduction of crystallinity index with the presence of diverse cellulose allomorphs, presence of GP-related components within the BC network responsible for the increase of hydrophobicity, the reduction of thermal stability and 48.75 %, 13.6 % and 43 % lower tensile strength, tensile modulus, and elongation, respectively. Here presented study is the first report on utilising a GP-hydrolysate without enzymatic treatment as a sole culture medium for efficient BC production by AAB, with recently described species Komagataeibacter melomenusus AV436T as the most efficient producer in this type of food-waste material. The scale-up protocol of the scheme presented here will be needed for the cost-optimisation of BC production at the industrial levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selestina Gorgieva
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Urška Jančič
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Eva Cepec
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Janja Trček
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Do UT, Kim J, Luu QS, Nguyen QT, Jang T, Park Y, Shin H, Whiting N, Kang DK, Kwon JS, Lee Y. Accurate detection of enzymatic degradation processes of gelatin-alginate microcapsule by 1H NMR spectroscopy: Probing biodegradation mechanism and kinetics. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 304:120490. [PMID: 36641177 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With an increase in the severity of environmental pollution caused by microbeads, the development of biodegradable microcapsules that can be applied in diverse fields has attracted significant attention. The degradation processes are directly related to biodegradable microcapsule creation with high stability and persistence. In this study, biodegradable microcapsules are synthesized via a complex coacervation approach using gelatin and alginate as the capsule main wall materials; additionally, enzyme-induced decomposition mechanisms are proposed by observing spectral changes in proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) analyses. Additional analytical techniques confirm the chemical structure, morphology, and size distribution of the synthesized capsules; these uniform spherical microcapsules are 20-30 μm in size and possess a smooth surface. In addition to characterization, the microcapsules were exposed to targeted enzymes to investigate enzymatic effects using short-term and long-term degradation kinetics. Close inspection reveals that determination of the degradation rate constant of the major components in the capsule is feasible, and suggests two types of 4-stage degradation mechanisms that are enzyme-specific. These investigations demonstrate that capsule degradation can be explored in detail using 1H NMR spectroscopy to provide a viable strategy for monitoring degradation properties in the development of new biodegradable polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uyen Thi Do
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Quy Son Luu
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Quynh Thi Nguyen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Taeho Jang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Yeeun Park
- Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Hwicheol Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Nicholas Whiting
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Dong-Ku Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea.
| | - Jas-Sung Kwon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea; Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors(CRCIV), Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea.
| | - Youngbok Lee
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea; Department of Applied Chemistry, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea; Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea.
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Wu J, Dong Y, Zhang H, Liu J, Renneckar S, Saddler J. Reduced cellulose accessibility slows down enzyme-mediated hydrolysis of cellulose. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 371:128647. [PMID: 36681353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme-mediated hydrolysis of cellulose always starts with an initial rapid phase, which gradually slows down, sometimes resulting in incomplete cellulose hydrolysis even after prolonged incubation. Although mechanisms such as end-product inhibition are known to play a role, the predominant mechanism appears to be reduced cellulose accessibility to the enzymes. When using Simon's stain to quantify accessibility, the accessibility of mechanically disintegrated and phosphoric acid-swollen cellulose substrates decreased as hydrolysis proceeded. In contrast, the poor initial accessibility of Avicel remained low throughout hydrolysis. However, washing the residual cellulose increased cellulose accessibility, likely due to the removal of tightly bound but non-productive enzymes which blocked access to more active enzymes in solution. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis of the initial and residual cellulose collected when the hydrolysis plateaued, showed an increase in the roughness of the cellulose surface, possibly resulting in the tighter binding of less active cellulases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Forest Product Biotechnology/Bioenergy Group, Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yintian Dong
- Forest Product Biotechnology/Bioenergy Group, Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Huaiyu Zhang
- Advanced Renewable Materials Lab, Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jingyun Liu
- Forest Product Biotechnology/Bioenergy Group, Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada; School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Scott Renneckar
- Advanced Renewable Materials Lab, Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jack Saddler
- Forest Product Biotechnology/Bioenergy Group, Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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Production of Biomodified Bleached Kraft Pulp by Catalytic Conversion Using Penicillium verruculosum Enzymes: Composition, Properties, Structure, and Application. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The global development of the bioeconomy is impossible without technologies for comprehensive processing of plant renewable resources. The use of proven pretreatment technologies raises the possibility of the industrial implementation of the enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides from lignocellulose considering the process’s complexity. For instance, a well-tuned kraft pulping produces a substrate easily degraded by cellulases and hemicelulases. Enzymatic hydrolysis of bleached hardwood kraft pulp was carried out using an enzyme complex of endoglucanases, cellobiohydrolases, β-glucosidases, and xylanases produced by recombinant strains of Penicillium verruculosum at a 10 FPU/g mixture rate and a 10% substrate concentration. As a result of biocatalysis, the following products were obtained: sugar solution, mainly glucose, xylobiose, xylose, as well as other minor reducing sugars; a modified complex based on cellulose and xylan. The composition of the biomodified kraft pulp was determined by HPLC. The method for determining the crystallinity on an X-ray diffractometer was used to characterize the properties. The article shows the possibility of producing biomodified cellulose cryogels by amorphization with concentrated 85% H3PO4 followed by precipitation with water and supercritical drying. The analysis of the enzymatic hydrolysate composition revealed the predominance of glucose (55–67%) among the reducing sugars with a maximum content in the solution up to 6% after 72 h. The properties and structure of the modified kraft pulp were shown to change during biocatalysis; in particular, the crystallinity increased by 5% after 3 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. We obtained cryogels based on the initial and biomodified kraft pulp with conversion rates of 35, 50, and 70%. The properties of these cryogels are not inferior to those of cryogels based on industrial microcrystalline cellulose, as confirmed by the specific surface area, degree of swelling, porosity, and SEM images. Thus, kraft pulp enzymatic hydrolysis offers prospects not only for producing sugar-rich hydrolysates for microbiological synthesis, but also cellulose powders and cryogels with specified properties.
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A New Insight into the Composition and Physical Characteristics of Corncob—Substantiating Its Potential for Tailored Biorefinery Objectives. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8120704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Corncobs of four different corn varieties were physically segregated into two different anatomical portions, namely the corncob outer (CO) and corncob pith (CP). The biomass composition analysis of both the CO and CP was performed by four different methods. The CP showed a higher carbohydrate and lower lignin content (83.32% and 13.58%, respectively) compared with the CO (79.93% and 17.12%, respectively) in all of the methods. The syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio was observed to be higher in the CP (1.34) than in the CO (1.28). The comprehensive physical characterization of both samples substantiated the lower crystallinity and lower thermal stability that was observed in the CP compared to the CO. These properties make the CP more susceptible to glycanases, as evident from the enzymatic saccharification of CP carried out with a commercial cellulase and xylanase in this work. The yields obtained were 70.57% and 88.70% of the respective theoretical yields and were found to be equal to that of pure cellulose and xylan substrates. These results support the feasibility of the tailored valorization of corncob anatomical portions, such as enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from CP without pretreatment combined with the bioethanol production from pretreated CO to achieve an economical biorefinery output from corncob feedstock.
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Lima AR, Cristofoli NL, Rosa da Costa AM, Saraiva JA, Vieira MC. Comparative study of the production of cellulose nanofibers from agro-industrial waste streams of Salicornia ramosissima by acid and enzymatic treatment. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Choi J, Lee J, Makarem M, Huang S, Kim SH. Numerical Simulation of Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation Intensity for Non-Centrosymmetric Domains Interspersed in an Amorphous Matrix: A Case Study for Cellulose in Plant Cell Wall. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:6629-6641. [PMID: 36037433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c03897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vibrational sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy can specifically probe molecular species non-centrosymmetrically arranged in a centrosymmetric or isotropic medium. This capability has been extensively utilized to detect and study molecular species present at the two-dimensional (2D) interface at which the centrosymmetry or isotropy of bulk phases is naturally broken. The same principle has been demonstrated to be very effective for the selective detection of non-centrosymmetric crystalline nanodomains interspersed in three-dimensional (3D) amorphous phases. However, the full spectral interpretation of SFG features has been difficult due to the complexity associated with the theoretical calculation of SFG responses of such 3D systems. This paper describes a numerical method to predict the relative SFG intensities of non-centrosymmetric nanodomains in 3D systems as functions of their size and concentration as well as their assembly patterns, i.e., the distributions of tilt, azimuth, and rotation angles with respect to the lab coordinate. We applied the developed method to predict changes in the CH and OH stretch modes characteristic to crystalline cellulose microfibrils distributed with various orders, which are relevant to plant cell wall structures. The same algorithm can also be applied to any SFG-active nanodomains interspersed in 3D amorphous matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juseok Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Jongcheol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Mohamadamin Makarem
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Shixin Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Seong H Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Choi W, Abraham A, Ko J, Son JG, Cho J, Sang BI, Yeom B. Anisotropic Alignment of Bacterial Nanocellulose Ionogels for Unconventionally High Combination of Stiffness and Damping. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30056-30066. [PMID: 35737510 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ionogels are emerging materials for advanced electrochemical devices; however, their mechanical instability to external stresses has raised concerns about their safety. This study reports aligned bacterial nanocellulose (BC) ionogel films swelled with the model ionic liquid (IL) of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMImBF4) for an unprecedented combination of high stiffness and high energy dissipation without significant loss of ionic conductivity. The aligned BC ionogel films are prepared through wet-state stretching methods, followed by drying and swelling by ILs. The aligned ionogel films exhibit significantly improved dynamic mechanical properties, overcoming the mechanical conventional limit of traditional materials by 2.0 times at 25 °C and by a maximum of 4.0 times at 0 °C. Additionally, the same samples exhibit relatively high ionic conductivities of 0.16 mS cm-1 at 20 °C and 0.45 mS cm-1 at 60 °C with storage moduli over 10 GPa. The synergistic effect of the mechanical reinforcements by alignment of the BC nanofibers and the plasticizing effects by ILs could be attributed to the significant enhancement of dynamic mechanical properties and the retention of ionic conductivities. These results will lead to a deeper understanding of the material design for mechanically superior ionogel systems with increasing demands for advanced electronic and electrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonseok Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Amith Abraham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongkuk Ko
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Gon Son
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhan Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-In Sang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongjun Yeom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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Nemeş NS, Ardean C, Davidescu CM, Negrea A, Ciopec M, Duţeanu N, Negrea P, Paul C, Duda-Seiman D, Muntean D. Antimicrobial Activity of Cellulose Based Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040735. [PMID: 35215647 PMCID: PMC8875754 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials available for a wide range of applications are generally polysaccharides. They may have inherent antimicrobial activity in the case of chitosan. However, in order to have specific functionalities, bioactive compounds must be immobilized or incorporated into the polymer matrix, as in the case of cellulose. We studied materials obtained by functionalizing cellulose with quaternary ammonium salts: dodecyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide (DDTMABr), tetradecyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide (TDTMABr), hexadecyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride (HDTMACl), some phosphonium salts: dodecyl-triphenyl phosphonium bromide (DDTPPBr) and tri n-butyl-hexadecyl phosphonium bromide (HDTBPBr) and extractants containing sulphur: 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and thiourea (THIO). Cel-TDTMABr material, whose alkyl substituent chain conformation was shortest, showed the best antimicrobial activity for which, even at the lowest functionalization ratio, 1:0.012 (w:w), the microbial inhibition rate is 100% for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Among the materials obtained by phosphonium salt functionalization, Cel-DDTPPBr showed a significant bactericidal effect compared to Cel-HDTBPBr. For instance, to the same functionalization ratio = 1:0.1, the inhibition microbial growth rate is maximum in the case of Cel-DDTPPBr for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. At the same time, for the Cel-HDTBPBr material, the total bactericidal effect is not reached even at the functionalization ratio 1:0.5. This behavior is based on the hydrophobicity difference between the two extractants, DDTPPBr and HDTBPBr. Cel-MBT material has a maximum antimicrobial effect upon Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans at functionalized ratio = 1:0.5. Cel-THIO material showed a bacteriostatic and fungistatic effect, the inhibition of microbial growth being a maximum of 76% for Staphylococcus aureus at the functionalized ratio = 1:0.5. From this perspective, biomaterials obtained by SIR impregnation of cellulose can be considered a benefit to be used to obtain biomass-derived materials having superior antimicrobial properties versus the non-functional support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Sorina Nemeş
- Renewable Energy Research Institute-ICER, Politehnica University of Timisoara, 138 Gavril Musicescu Street, 300501 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Cristina Ardean
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University of Timişoara, 2 Piaţa Victoriei, 300006 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.); (A.N.); (M.C.); (P.N.); (C.P.)
| | - Corneliu Mircea Davidescu
- Renewable Energy Research Institute-ICER, Politehnica University of Timisoara, 138 Gavril Musicescu Street, 300501 Timisoara, Romania;
- Correspondence: (C.M.D.); (N.D.)
| | - Adina Negrea
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University of Timişoara, 2 Piaţa Victoriei, 300006 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.); (A.N.); (M.C.); (P.N.); (C.P.)
| | - Mihaela Ciopec
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University of Timişoara, 2 Piaţa Victoriei, 300006 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.); (A.N.); (M.C.); (P.N.); (C.P.)
| | - Narcis Duţeanu
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University of Timişoara, 2 Piaţa Victoriei, 300006 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.); (A.N.); (M.C.); (P.N.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.D.); (N.D.)
| | - Petru Negrea
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University of Timişoara, 2 Piaţa Victoriei, 300006 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.); (A.N.); (M.C.); (P.N.); (C.P.)
| | - Cristina Paul
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University of Timişoara, 2 Piaţa Victoriei, 300006 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.); (A.N.); (M.C.); (P.N.); (C.P.)
| | - Daniel Duda-Seiman
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timişoara, 2 Piata Eftimie Murgu, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Delia Muntean
- Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Microbiology, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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Soeiro VS, Tundisi LL, Novaes LC, Mazzola PG, Aranha N, Grotto D, Júnior JM, Komatsu D, Gama FM, Chaud MV, Jozala AF. Production of bacterial cellulose nanocrystals via enzymatic hydrolysis and evaluation of their coating on alginate particles formed by ionotropic gelation. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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11
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Lotfy VF, Basta AH, Abdel-Monem MO, Abdel-Hamed GZ. Utilization of bacteria in rotten Guava for production of bacterial cellulose from isolated and protein waste. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Basta AH, Lotfy VF, Micky JA, Salem AM. Hydroxypropylcellulose-based liquid crystal materials. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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13
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Wen P, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Xu Y, Zhang J. Alkaline post-incubation improves the saccharification of poplar after hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid pretreatment. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:151. [PMID: 34215309 PMCID: PMC8254297 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01999-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid (HPAA) is widely used in pretreatment of lignocellulose because it has a good capability in selective delignification. However, high concentration (more than 60%) of HPAA increases the cost of pretreatment and the risk of explosion. In this work, alkaline post-incubation was employed to decrease the HPAA loading and improve the saccharification of poplar. RESULTS Pretreatment with 100% HPAA removed 91.0% lignin and retained 89.9% glucan in poplar. After poplar was pretreated by 100% HPAA at 60 °C for 2 h, the glucan conversion in enzymatic hydrolysis by cellulase increased to 90.1%. Alkaline incubation reduced the total lignin, surface lignin, and acetyl group of HPAA-pretreated poplar. More than 92% acetyl groups of HPAA-pretreated poplar were removed by alkaline incubation with 1.0% NaOH at 50 °C for 1 h. After incubation of 60% HPAA-pretreated poplar with 1.0% NaOH, the glucan conversion enhanced to 95.0%. About 40% HPAA loading in pretreatment was reduced by alkaline incubation without the decrease of glucose yield. CONCLUSIONS Alkaline post-incubation had strong ability on the deacetylation and delignification of HPAA-pretreated poplar, exhibiting a strong promotion on the enzymatic hydrolysis yield. This report represented alkaline incubation reduced the HPAA loading, improved pretreatment safety, exhibiting excellent potential application in saccharification of poplar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Wen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037 China
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100 China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100 China
| | - Junjun Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Yong Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037 China
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100 China
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Agrawal R, Verma A, Singhania RR, Varjani S, Di Dong C, Kumar Patel A. Current understanding of the inhibition factors and their mechanism of action for the lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125042. [PMID: 33813178 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biorefining of lignocellulosic biomass is a relatively new concept but it has strong potential to develop and partially replace the fossil derived fuels and myriad of value products to subsequently reduce the greenhouse gas emissions. However, the energy and cost intensive process of releasing the entrapped fermentable sugars is a major challenge for its commercialization. Various factors playing a detrimental role during enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass are inherent recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass, expensive enzymes, sub-optimal enzyme composition, lack of synergistic activity and enzyme inhibition caused by various inhibitors. The current study investigated the mechanism of enzyme inhibition during lignocellulosic biomass saccharification especially at high solid loadings. These inhibition factors are categorized into physio-chemical factors, water-soluble and -insoluble enzyme inhibitors, oligomers and enzyme-lignin binding. Furthermore, different approaches are proposed to alleviate the challenges and improve the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency such as supplementation with surfactants, synergistic catalytic/non-catalytic proteins, and bioprocess modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Agrawal
- The Energy and Resources Institute, TERI Gram, Gwal Pahari, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Verma
- College of Basic Science and Humanities, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar - 385506 (Banaskantha), Gujarat, India
| | - Reeta Rani Singhania
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382010, India
| | - Cheng Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
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15
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Zhou Z, Ju X, Chen J, Wang R, Zhong Y, Li L. Charge-oriented strategies of tunable substrate affinity based on cellulase and biomass for improving in situ saccharification: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124159. [PMID: 33010717 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass makes it resistant to enzymatic hydrolysis. The electron-rich surface of the lignin and cellulose-alike structure of hemicellulose competitively absorb the cellulase. Thus, modifying the surface charge on biomass components to alter cellulase affinity is an urgent requisite. Developing charge tunable cellulase will alter substrate affinity. Also, charge-based immobilization generates controllable substrate affinity. Within immobilized cellulase involved in situ biomass saccharification, charge effects made a crucial contribution. In addition to affecting the interaction between immobilized cellulase and biomass, charge exerts an impact on cellulase to immobilize the materials, further investigation is essential. This study aims to review the charge effects on the cellulase affinity in biomass saccharification, strategies of charge tunable cellulase, and immobilized cellulase, thereby explaining the role of electrostatic interaction. In terms of electrostatic behavior, the pathways and plans to improve in situ biomass saccharification seem to be promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Xin Ju
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Rong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Yuqing Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Liangzhi Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China.
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16
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Cheng Y, Mondal AK, Wu S, Xu D, Ning D, Ni Y, Huang F. Study on the Anti-Biodegradation Property of Tunicate Cellulose. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3071. [PMID: 33371516 PMCID: PMC7767540 DOI: 10.3390/polym12123071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tunicate is a kind of marine animal, and its outer sheath consists of almost pure Iβ crystalline cellulose. Due to its high aspect ratio, tunicate cellulose has excellent physical properties. It draws extensive attention in the construction of robust functional materials. However, there is little research on its biological activity. In this study, cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis was conducted on tunicate cellulose. During the hydrolysis, the crystalline behaviors, i.e., crystallinity index (CrI), crystalline size and degree of polymerization (DP), were analyzed on the tunicate cellulose. As comparisons, similar hydrolyses were performed on cellulose samples with relatively low CrI, namely α-cellulose and amorphous cellulose. The results showed that the CrI of tunicate cellulose and α-cellulose was 93.9% and 70.9%, respectively; and after 96 h of hydrolysis, the crystallinity, crystalline size and DP remained constant on the tunicate cellulose, and the cellulose conversion rate was below 7.8%. While the crystalline structure of α-cellulose was significantly damaged and the cellulose conversion rate exceeded 83.8% at the end of 72 h hydrolysis, the amorphous cellulose was completely converted to glucose after 7 h hydrolysis, and the DP decreased about 27.9%. In addition, tunicate cellulose has high anti-mold abilities, owing to its highly crystalized Iβ lattice. It can be concluded that tunicate cellulose has significant resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis and could be potentially applied as anti-biodegradation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Cheng
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
| | - Ajoy Kanti Mondal
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
- Institute of Fuel Research and Development, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Shuai Wu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
| | - Dezhong Xu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
| | - Dengwen Ning
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
| | - Yonghao Ni
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
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17
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Ye D, Rongpipi S, Kiemle SN, Barnes WJ, Chaves AM, Zhu C, Norman VA, Liebman-Peláez A, Hexemer A, Toney MF, Roberts AW, Anderson CT, Cosgrove DJ, Gomez EW, Gomez ED. Preferred crystallographic orientation of cellulose in plant primary cell walls. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4720. [PMID: 32948753 PMCID: PMC7501228 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18449-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer on earth, is a versatile, energy rich material found in the cell walls of plants, bacteria, algae, and tunicates. It is well established that cellulose is crystalline, although the orientational order of cellulose crystallites normal to the plane of the cell wall has not been characterized. A preferred orientational alignment of cellulose crystals could be an important determinant of the mechanical properties of the cell wall and of cellulose-cellulose and cellulose-matrix interactions. Here, the crystalline structures of cellulose in primary cell walls of onion (Allium cepa), the model eudicot Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and moss (Physcomitrella patens) were examined through grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). We find that GIWAXS can decouple diffraction from cellulose and epicuticular wax crystals in cell walls. Pole figures constructed from a combination of GIWAXS and X-ray rocking scans reveal that cellulose crystals have a preferred crystallographic orientation with the (200) and (110)/([Formula: see text]) planes preferentially stacked parallel to the cell wall. This orientational ordering of cellulose crystals, termed texturing in materials science, represents a previously unreported measure of cellulose organization and contradicts the predominant hypothesis of twisting of microfibrils in plant primary cell walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ye
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sintu Rongpipi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sarah N Kiemle
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- 123 Clapp Laboratory, Mount Holyoke College, 50 College Street, South Hadley, MA, 01075, USA
| | - William J Barnes
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Arielle M Chaves
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Victoria A Norman
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Alexander Liebman-Peláez
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Alexander Hexemer
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Michael F Toney
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Alison W Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Charles T Anderson
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Daniel J Cosgrove
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Esther W Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Enrique D Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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18
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Yamada T, Teranishi W, Park K, Jiang J, Tachikawa T, Furusato S, Sajiki H. Development of Carbon‐Neutral Cellulose‐Supported Heterogeneous Palladium Catalysts for Chemoselective Hydrogenation. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Yamada
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Gifu Pharmaceutical University 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu 501-1196 Japan
| | - Wataru Teranishi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Gifu Pharmaceutical University 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu 501-1196 Japan
| | - Kwihwan Park
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Gifu Pharmaceutical University 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu 501-1196 Japan
| | - Jing Jiang
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Gifu Pharmaceutical University 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu 501-1196 Japan
| | - Takumu Tachikawa
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Gifu Pharmaceutical University 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu 501-1196 Japan
| | - Shinichi Furusato
- Production engineering department JNC Corporation 1-1 Noguchi, Minamata Kumamoto 867-8501 Japan
| | - Hironao Sajiki
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Gifu Pharmaceutical University 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu 501-1196 Japan
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19
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The Impact of Composition and Morphology on Ionic Conductivity of Silk/Cellulose Bio-Composites Fabricated from Ionic Liquid and Varying Percentages of Coagulation Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134695. [PMID: 32630158 PMCID: PMC7370005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Blended biocomposites created from the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between polysaccharides and structural proteins exhibit useful and unique properties. However, engineering these biopolymers into applicable forms is challenging due to the coupling of the material’s physicochemical properties to its morphology, and the undertaking that comes with controlling this. In this particular study, numerous properties of the Bombyx mori silk and microcrystalline cellulose biocomposites blended using ionic liquid and regenerated with various coagulation agents were investigated. Specifically, the relationship between the composition of polysaccharide-protein bio-electrolyte membranes and the resulting morphology and ionic conductivity is explored using numerous characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray scattering, atomic force microscopy (AFM) based nanoindentation, and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS). The results revealed that when silk is the dominating component in the biocomposite, the ionic conductivity is higher, which also correlates with higher β-sheet content. However, when cellulose becomes the dominating component in the biocomposite, this relationship is not observed; instead, cellulose semicrystallinity and mechanical properties dominate the ionic conduction.
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20
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Lin D, Liu Z, Shen R, Chen S, Yang X. Bacterial cellulose in food industry: Current research and future prospects. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:1007-1019. [PMID: 32387361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose, a pure exocellular polysaccharide produced by microorganisms, has many excellent properties as compared with plant-derived cellulose, including high water holding capability, high surface area, rheological properties, biocompatibility. Due to its suspending, thickening, water holding, stabilizing, bulking and fluid properties, BC has been demonstrated as a promising low calorie bulking ingredient for the development of novel rich functional foods of different forms such as powder gelatinous or shred foams, which facilitate its application in food industry. In this review, the recent reports on the biosynthesis, structure and general application of bacterial cellulose in food industry have been summarized and discussed. The main application of bacterial cellulose in current food industry includes raw food materials, additive ingredients, packing materials, delivery system, enzyme and cell immobilizers. In addition, we also propose the potential challenges and explore the solution of expanding the application of BC in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Lin
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
| | - Zhe Liu
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Rui Shen
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Siqian Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
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21
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Brandes R, de Souza L, Carminatti C, Recouvreux D. Production with a High Yield of Bacterial Cellulose Nanocrystals by Enzymatic Hydrolysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219581x19500157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose nanocrystals are highly crystalline structures with nanoscopic scale dimensions that have received increased attention in the nanocomposites area. Its properties, such as large surface area, low density, mechanical strength and ease of modification, are attractive to the preparation many kinds of nanomaterials applied multifunctional in various fields. Besides, the cellulose nanocrystals are from abundant and renewable sources that are biodegradable. An altemative method is to obtain bacterial cellulose nanocrystal by enzymatic hydrolysis because it is, less expensive, it does not use chemicals and it requires much less energy. In this sense, the primary objective of this study was to produce bacterial cellulose using glycerol as a carbon source and isolate nanocrystals from bacterial cellulose using the enzymatic hydrolysis. This study also investigated the yield of nanocrystals depending on the weight of the bacterial cellulose hydrogel, keeping constant some enzymes. The study shows us that the enzymatic method has the best performance when using cellulose hydrogel 2[Formula: see text]g to 40[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]L cellulase enzyme (endoglucanase) and 1[Formula: see text]mL of citrate buffer. Also, it was observed that the yield of nanocrystals decrease with increasing time required for the hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Brandes
- Polymer and Composite Materials Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Joinville SC 89218080, Brazil
| | - Leticia de Souza
- Polymer and Composite Materials Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Joinville SC 89218080, Brazil
| | - Claudimir Carminatti
- Polymer and Composite Materials Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Joinville SC 89218080, Brazil
| | - Derce Recouvreux
- Polymer and Composite Materials Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Joinville SC 89218080, Brazil
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22
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Dar MA, Pawar KD, Rajput BP, Rahi P, Pandit RS. Purification of a cellulase from cellulolytic gut bacterium, Bacillus tequilensis G9 and its evaluation for valorization of agro-wastes into added value byproducts. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Blessing B, Trout C, Morales A, Rybacki K, Love SA, Lamoureux G, O'Malley SM, Hu X, Salas‐de la Cruz D. Morphology and ionic conductivity relationship in silk/cellulose biocomposites. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cory Trout
- Computational and Integrative BiologyRutgers University Camden NJ USA
| | | | - Karleena Rybacki
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University Camden NJ USA
| | - Stacy A Love
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University Camden NJ USA
| | - Guillaume Lamoureux
- Department of ChemistryRutgers University Camden NJ USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University Camden NJ USA
| | - Sean M O'Malley
- Computational and Integrative BiologyRutgers University Camden NJ USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University Camden NJ USA
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biomedical EngineeringRowan University Glassboro NJ USA
| | - David Salas‐de la Cruz
- Department of ChemistryRutgers University Camden NJ USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University Camden NJ USA
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24
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Chávez-Guerrero L, Silva-Mendoza J, Sepúlveda-Guzmán S, Medina-Aguirre NA, Vazquez-Rodriguez S, Cantú-Cárdenas ME, García-Gómez NA. Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose nanoplatelets as a source of sugars with the concomitant production of cellulose nanofibrils. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 210:85-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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A cellulolytic fungal biofilm enhances the consolidated bioconversion of cellulose to short chain fatty acids by the rumen microbiome. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3355-3365. [PMID: 30847541 PMCID: PMC6449290 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the multispecies biofilm membrane reactors (MBM reactors) to provide distinguished niches for aerobic and anaerobic microbes at the same time was used for the investigation of the consolidated bioprocessing of cellulose to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). A consortium based consolidated bioprocess (CBP) was designed. The rumen microbiome was used as the converting microbial consortium, co-cultivated with selected individual aerobic fungi which formed a biofilm on the tubular membrane flushed with oxygen. The beneficial effect of the fungal biofilm on the process yields and productivities was attributed to the enhanced cellulolytic activities compared with those achieved by the rumen microbiome alone. At 30 °C, the MBM system with Trichoderma reesei biofilm reached a concentration 39% higher (7.3 g/L SCFAs), than the rumen microbiome alone (5.1 g/L) using 15 g/L crystalline cellulose as the substrate. Fermentation temperature was crucial especially for the composition of the short chain fatty acids produced. The temperature increase resulted in shorter fatty acids produced. While a mixture of acetic, propionic, butyric, and caproic acids was produced at 30 °C with Trichoderma reesei biofilm, butyric and caproic acids were not detected during the fermentations at 37.5 °C carried out with Coprinopsis cinerea as the biofilm forming fungus. Apart from the presence of the fungal biofilm, no parameter studied had a significant impact on the total yield of organic acids produced, which reached 0.47 g of total SCFAs per g of cellulose (at 30 °C and at pH 6, with rumen inoculum to total volume ratio equal to 0.372).
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26
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de Araújo EA, de Oliveira Neto M, Polikarpov I. Biochemical characterization and low-resolution SAXS structure of two-domain endoglucanase BlCel9 from Bacillus licheniformis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:1275-1287. [PMID: 30547217 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9508-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulose feedstock constitutes the most abundant carbon source in the biosphere; however, its recalcitrance remains a challenge for microbial conversion into biofuel and bioproducts. Bacillus licheniformis is a microbial mesophilic bacterium capable of secreting a large number of glycoside hydrolase (GH) enzymes, including a glycoside hydrolase from GH family 9 (BlCel9). Here, we conducted biochemical and biophysical studies of recombinant BlCel9, and its low-resolution molecular shape was retrieved from small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data. BlCel9 is an endoglucanase exhibiting maximum catalytic efficiency at pH 7.0 and 60 °C. Furthermore, it retains 80% of catalytic activity within a broad range of pH values (5.5-8.5) and temperatures (up to 50 °C) for extended periods of time (over 48 h). It exhibits the highest hydrolytic activity against phosphoric acid swollen cellulose (PASC), followed by bacterial cellulose (BC), filter paper (FP), and to a lesser extent carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). The HPAEC-PAD analysis of the hydrolytic products demonstrated that the end product of the enzymatic hydrolysis is primarily cellobiose, and also small amounts of glucose, cellotriose, and cellotetraose are produced. SAXS data analysis revealed that the enzyme adopts a monomeric state in solution and has a molecular mass of 65.8 kDa as estimated from SAXS data. The BlCel9 has an elongated shape composed of an N-terminal family 3 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM3c) and a C-terminal GH9 catalytic domain joined together by 20 amino acid residue long linker peptides. The domains are closely juxtaposed in an extended conformation and form a relatively rigid structure in solution, indicating that the interactions between the CBM3c and GH9 catalytic domains might play a key role in cooperative cellulose biomass recognition and hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evandro Ares de Araújo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Saocarlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Mário de Oliveira Neto
- Departmento de Física e Biofísica, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", R. Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin 689, Jardim Sao Jose, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Igor Polikarpov
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Saocarlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
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27
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Huang S, Makarem M, Kiemle SN, Zheng Y, He X, Ye D, Gomez EW, Gomez ED, Cosgrove DJ, Kim SH. Dehydration-induced physical strains of cellulose microfibrils in plant cell walls. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 197:337-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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28
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Exploring the gut of Helicoverpa armigera for cellulose degrading bacteria and evaluation of a potential strain for lignocellulosic biomass deconstruction. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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Jones JA, Kerr R, Haltli B, Tinto WF. Temperature and pH effect on glucose production from pretreated bagasse by a novel species of Citrobacter and other bacteria. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00657. [PMID: 29942873 PMCID: PMC6010966 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulolytic bacteria that produce cellulases, which are active over a range of pH and temperatures, can be used to catalyze hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulosic material. This is important in the production of second generation biofuels among other biotechnological applications. In this investigation, bacteria isolated from sugarcane bagasse were identified as strains of Enterobacter xiangfangensis, Serratia rubidaea, Klebsiella pneumoniae and a novel species of Citrobacter designated Citrobacter sp. UWIBGS10. The glucose production potential of these strains was studied on thermally and solvent pretreated sugarcane bagasse. This was performed at 24-hour intervals up to 168 hours in the range of pH 5-9 and temperature range 25-40 °C. Maximal concentrations of glucose for Citrobacter sp. UWIBGS10 occurred at pH 6 and 25 °C. For E. xiangfangensis, S. rubidaea, K. pneumoniae glucose concentrations were consistent across the pH and temperature ranges examined. From these results it could be concluded that the bacteria demonstrated ability for lignocellulolytic hydrolysis for the production of glucose and could be further explored for the characterization of commercial cellulolytic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila A.D. Jones
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, St. Michael, Barbados
| | - R.G. Kerr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Prince Edwards Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - B.A. Haltli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Prince Edwards Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Winston F. Tinto
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, St. Michael, Barbados
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30
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Biochemical characterization, low-resolution SAXS structure and an enzymatic cleavage pattern of BlCel48 from Bacillus licheniformis. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 111:302-310. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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31
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Huang S, Makarem M, Kiemle SN, Hamedi H, Sau M, Cosgrove DJ, Kim SH. Inhomogeneity of Cellulose Microfibril Assembly in Plant Cell Walls Revealed with Sum Frequency Generation Microscopy. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:5006-5019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Tan H, Miao R, Liu T, Yang L, Yang Y, Chen C, Lei J, Li Y, He J, Sun Q, Peng W, Gan B, Huang Z. A bifunctional cellulase-xylanase of a new Chryseobacterium strain isolated from the dung of a straw-fed cattle. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:381-398. [PMID: 29205864 PMCID: PMC5812240 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new cellulolytic strain of Chryseobacterium genus was screened from the dung of a cattle fed with cereal straw. A putative cellulase gene (cbGH5) belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 5 subfamily 46 (GH5_46) was identified and cloned by degenerate PCR plus genome walking. The CbGH5 protein was overexpressed in Pichia pastoris, purified and characterized. It is the first bifunctional cellulase-xylanase reported in GH5_46 as well as in Chryseobacterium genus. The enzyme showed an endoglucanase activity on carboxymethylcellulose of 3237 μmol min-1 mg-1 at pH 9, 90 °C and a xylanase activity on birchwood xylan of 1793 μmol min-1 mg-1 at pH 8, 90 °C. The activity level and thermophilicity are in the front rank of all the known cellulases and xylanases. Core hydrophobicity had a positive effect on the thermophilicity of this enzyme. When similar quantity of enzymatic activity units was applied on the straws of wheat, rice, corn and oilseed rape, CbGH5 could obtain 3.5-5.0× glucose and 1.2-1.8× xylose than a mixed commercial cellulase plus xylanase of Novozymes. When applied on spent mushroom substrates made from the four straws, CbGH5 could obtain 9.2-15.7× glucose and 3.5-4.3× xylose than the mixed Novozymes cellulase+xylanase. The results suggest that CbGH5 could be a promising candidate for industrial lignocellulosic biomass conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tan
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Renyun Miao
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Tianhai Liu
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Lufang Yang
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Yumin Yang
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Chunxiu Chen
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Jianrong Lei
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Yuhui Li
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jiabei He
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qun Sun
- College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Weihong Peng
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Bingcheng Gan
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Zhongqian Huang
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
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33
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Penttilä PA, Imai T, Hemming J, Willför S, Sugiyama J. Enzymatic hydrolysis of biomimetic bacterial cellulose-hemicellulose composites. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 190:95-102. [PMID: 29628264 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The production of biofuels and other chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass is limited by the inefficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. Here a biomimetic composite material consisting of bacterial cellulose and wood-based hemicelluloses was used to study the effects of hemicelluloses on the enzymatic hydrolysis with a commercial cellulase mixture. Bacterial cellulose synthesized in the presence of hemicelluloses, especially xylan, was found to be more susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis than hemicellulose-free bacterial cellulose. The reason for the easier hydrolysis could be related to the nanoscale structure of the substrate, particularly the packing of cellulose microfibrils into ribbons or bundles. In addition, small-angle X-ray scattering was used to show that the average nanoscale morphology of bacterial cellulose remained unchanged during the enzymatic hydrolysis. The reported easier enzymatic hydrolysis of bacterial cellulose produced in the presence of wood-based xylan offers new insights to overcome biomass recalcitrance through genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paavo A Penttilä
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Gokasho, 611-0011 Uji, Japan.
| | - Tomoya Imai
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Gokasho, 611-0011 Uji, Japan
| | - Jarl Hemming
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3-5, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Stefan Willför
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3-5, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Junji Sugiyama
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Gokasho, 611-0011 Uji, Japan
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34
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Chávez-Guerrero L, Sepúlveda-Guzmán S, Silva-Mendoza J, Aguilar-Flores C, Pérez-Camacho O. Eco-friendly isolation of cellulose nanoplatelets through oxidation under mild conditions. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 181:642-649. [PMID: 29254018 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.11.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Agave is recognized as a low recalcitrant material, which makes it a potential source to obtain nanocellulose. Aqueous dispersions (in water, H2O2, H2O2/H2SO4) of agave powder were heated at 120°C under vapor pressure (1kg/cm2). The resultant materials were observed with an optical microscope (OM), a laser scanning microscope (LSM) to obtain the thickness measurement and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observe morphology. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to obtain the chemical structure. Cellulose nanoplatelets (CNPs) from Agave salmiana were successfully isolated under mild conditions. Physicochemical analysis indicates that lignin was removed in a single step oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in presence of sulfuric acid at low concentration (0.17M). The CNPs images revealed the presence of entangled cellulose nanofibrils (Ø≈14nm) along the nanoplatelets (thickness ≈80nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Chávez-Guerrero
- Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering School, Pedro de Alba s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, 66455, México.
| | - S Sepúlveda-Guzmán
- Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering School, Pedro de Alba s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, 66455, México.
| | - J Silva-Mendoza
- Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Chemistry School, Pedro de Alba s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, 66455, México.
| | - C Aguilar-Flores
- Papaloapan University, Chemistry School, Circuito Central #200, Parque Industrial, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, 68400, México.
| | - O Pérez-Camacho
- Research Center for Applied Chemistry, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo No. 140, Saltillo, Coahuila, 25294, México.
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35
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Satari B, Karimi K, Molaverdi M. Structural features influential to enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose-solvent-based pretreated pinewood and elmwood for ethanol production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 41:249-264. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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36
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Reiniati I, Hrymak AN, Margaritis A. Kinetics of cell growth and crystalline nanocellulose production by Komagataeibacter xylinus. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Kansou K, Rémond C, Paës G, Bonnin E, Tayeb J, Bredeweg B. Testing scientific models using Qualitative Reasoning: Application to cellulose hydrolysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14122. [PMID: 29074872 PMCID: PMC5658447 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14281-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the accumulation of scientific information in natural science, even experts can find difficult to keep integrating new piece of information. It is critical to explore modelling solutions able to capture information scattered in publications as a computable representation form. Traditional modelling techniques are important in that regard, but relying on numerical information comes with limitations for integrating results from distinct studies, high-level representations can be more suited. We present an approach to stepwise construct mechanistic explanation from selected scientific papers using the Qualitative Reasoning framework. As a proof of concept, we apply the approach to modelling papers about cellulose hydrolysis mechanism, focusing on the causal explanations for the decreasing of hydrolytic rate. Two explanatory QR models are built to capture classical explanations for the phenomenon. Our results show that none of them provides sufficient explanation for a set of basic experimental observations described in the literature. Combining the two explanations into a third one allowed to get a new and sufficient explanation for the experimental results. In domains where numerical data are scarce and strongly related to the experimental conditions, this approach can aid assessing the conceptual validity of an explanation and support integration of knowledge from different sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Kansou
- INRA, Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, BP 71267, 44316, Nantes, France.
| | - Caroline Rémond
- FARE laboratory, INRA, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Gabriel Paës
- FARE laboratory, INRA, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Estelle Bonnin
- INRA, Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, BP 71267, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - Jean Tayeb
- FARE laboratory, INRA, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Bert Bredeweg
- Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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38
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Ling Z, Chen S, Zhang X, Takabe K, Xu F. Unraveling variations of crystalline cellulose induced by ionic liquid and their effects on enzymatic hydrolysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10230. [PMID: 28860612 PMCID: PMC5579251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09885-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquid (IL) is one of the pretreatment processes gaining considerable interests to remove the native recalcitrance of lignocellulose. But the cellulose crystalline transformation during the pretreatment and their correlations with enzymatic digestibility have not been fully elucidated. Microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) and holocellulose, which have differential sources and original crystallinity, were respectively pretreated with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4min]Cl). Cellulose crystalline variations as well as chemical and morphological changes were determined. Crystallinity of different materials was proved to influence the effects of pretreatment and following enzymatic digestibility. Recrystallized cellulose Iβ was revealed from slight initial cellulose Iα of Avicel, which was accomplished via formation of intermediate paracrystalline phases. The conversion yield of IL pretreated Avicel displayed no obvious changes, mainly resulted from initial high crystalline order and the recrystallization behavior. Recalcitrance of holocellulose was destroyed during cellulose allomorph transformation and hemicelluloses extraction, contributing to significant increase of glucose yield up to 92.20%. Explicit comprehension on cellulose supramolecular structure may help provide more efficient process for bioconversion after IL pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ling
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xueming Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Keiji Takabe
- Laboratory of Tree Cell Biology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Feng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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39
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Ma L, Liu R, Niu H, Wang F, Liu L, Huang Y. Freestanding conductive film based on polypyrrole/bacterial cellulose/graphene paper for flexible supercapacitor: large areal mass exhibits excellent areal capacitance. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.10.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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40
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Reiniati I, Hrymak AN, Margaritis A. Recent developments in the production and applications of bacterial cellulose fibers and nanocrystals. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2016; 37:510-524. [PMID: 27248159 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2016.1189871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cellulosic nanomaterials provide a novel and sustainable platform for the production of high performance materials enabled by nanotechnology. Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a highly crystalline material and contains pure cellulose without lignin and hemicellulose. BC offers an opportunity to provide control of the products' properties in-situ, via specific BC production methods and culture conditions. The BC potential in advanced material applications are hindered by a limited knowledge of optimal BC production conditions, efficient process scale-up, separation methods, and purification methods. There is a growing body of work on the production of bacterial cellulose nanocrystals (BCNs) from BC fibers. However, there is limited information regarding the effect of BC fibers' characteristics on the production of nanocrystals. This review describes developments in BC and BCNs production methods and factors affecting their yield and physical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Reiniati
- a Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario , Canada
| | - Andrew N Hrymak
- a Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario , Canada
| | - Argyrios Margaritis
- a Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario , Canada
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41
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Liu R, Ma L, Huang S, Mei J, Xu J, Yuan G. Large areal mass, flexible and freestanding polyaniline/bacterial cellulose/graphene film for high-performance supercapacitors. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21920a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible and freestanding electrodes with high mass loading in the range of 7–13 mg cm−2 made of polyaniline (PANI)/bacterial cellulose (BC)/graphene (GN) conductive paper through a simple filtering method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Lina Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Shu Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Jia Mei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Guohui Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- P. R. China
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