1
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Churchhouse AMD, Billard CV, Suzuki T, Pohl SÖG, Doleschall NJ, Donnelly K, Nixon C, Arends MJ, Din S, Kirkwood K, Marques Junior J, Von Kriegsheim A, Coffelt SB, Myant KB. Loss of DOCK2 potentiates Inflammatory Bowel Disease-associated colorectal cancer via immune dysfunction and IFNγ induction of IDO1 expression. Oncogene 2024:10.1038/s41388-024-03135-9. [PMID: 39242821 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03135-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease-associated colorectal cancer (IBD-CRC) is a known and serious complication of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) affecting the colon. However, relatively little is known about the pathogenesis of IBD-associated colorectal cancer in comparison with its sporadic cancer counterpart. Here, we investigated the function of Dock2, a gene mutated in ~10% of IBD-associated colorectal cancers that encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). Using a genetically engineered mouse model of IBD-CRC, we found that whole body loss of Dock2 increases tumourigenesis via immune dysregulation. Dock2-deficient tumours displayed increased levels of IFNγ-associated genes, including the tryptophan metabolising, immune modulatory enzyme, IDO1, when compared to Dock2-proficient tumours. This phenotype was driven by increased IFNγ-production in T cell populations, which infiltrated Dock2-deficient tumours, promoting IDO1 expression in tumour epithelial cells. We show that IDO1 inhibition delays tumourigenesis in Dock2 knockout mice, and we confirm that this pathway is conserved across species as IDO1 expression is elevated in human IBD-CRC and in sporadic CRC cases with mutated DOCK2. Together, these data demonstrate a previously unidentified tumour suppressive role of DOCK2 that limits IFNγ-induced IDO1 expression and cancer progression, opening potential new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia M D Churchhouse
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Caroline V Billard
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Toshiyasu Suzuki
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sebastian Ö G Pohl
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nora J Doleschall
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kevin Donnelly
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mark J Arends
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Shahida Din
- Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kathryn Kirkwood
- Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jair Marques Junior
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alex Von Kriegsheim
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Seth B Coffelt
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kevin B Myant
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Edinburgh, UK.
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2
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Zhao F, Huang Y, Ji J, Liu X, Li X, Zou L, Wu K, Liu XD, Zeng S, Wang X, Hu W, Song Y, Lu Z, Zhou B, Li P, Wang W, Zhao M, Chen J, Yi L, Fan S. IDO1 promotes CSFV replication by mediating tryptophan metabolism to inhibit NF-κB signaling. J Virol 2024; 98:e0045824. [PMID: 38814067 PMCID: PMC11265401 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00458-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan metabolism plays a crucial role in facilitating various cellular processes essential for maintaining normal cellular function. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan (Trp) into kynurenine (Kyn), thereby initiating the degradation of Trp. The resulting Kyn metabolites have been implicated in the modulation of immune responses. Currently, the role of IDO1-mediated tryptophan metabolism in the process of viral infection remains relatively unknown. In this study, we discovered that classical swine fever virus (CSFV) infection of PK-15 cells can induce the expression of IDO1, thereby promoting tryptophan metabolism. IDO1 can negatively regulate the NF-κB signaling by mediating tryptophan metabolism, thereby facilitating CSFV replication. We found that silencing the IDO1 gene enhances the expression of IFN-α, IFN-β, and IL-6 by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, our observations indicate that both silencing the IDO1 gene and administering exogenous tryptophan can inhibit CSFV replication by counteracting the cellular autophagy induced by Rapamycin. This study reveals a novel mechanism of IDO1-mediated tryptophan metabolism in CSFV infection, providing new insights and a theoretical basis for the treatment and control of CSFV.IMPORTANCEIt is well known that due to the widespread use of vaccines, the prevalence of classical swine fever (CSF) is shifting towards atypical and invisible infections. CSF can disrupt host metabolism, leading to persistent immune suppression in the host and causing significant harm when co-infected with other diseases. Changes in the host's metabolic profiles, such as increased catabolic metabolism of amino acids and the production of immunoregulatory metabolites and their derivatives, can also influence virus replication. Mammals utilize various pathways to modulate immune responses through amino acid utilization, including increased catabolic metabolism of amino acids and the production of immunoregulatory metabolites and their derivatives, thereby limiting viral replication. Therefore, this study proposes that targeting the modulation of tryptophan metabolism may represent an effective approach to control the progression of CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaoyao Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junzhi Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linke Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keke Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao di Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sen Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenshuo Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiwan Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bolun Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Li
- Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, China, Yunfu, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingqiu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinding Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangqi Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Guo S, Yang Q, Fan Y, Ran M, Shi Q, Song Z. Characterization and expression profiles of toll-like receptor genes (TLR2 and TLR5) in immune tissues of hybrid yellow catfish under bacterial infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 150:109627. [PMID: 38754649 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) is one of the most economically important freshwater species in Asia. However, pathogenic bacterial infections often cause high rates of mortality and economic losses in practical aquaculture. Previous studies in mammals have shown that Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) are involved in the recognition of cell wall components such as lipopolysaccharides and flagella of various bacteria, thereby acting as key regulators in the innate immunity response. However, TLR2 and TLR5 in yellow catfish have not been characterized. In the present study, TLR2 and TLR5 were examined through comparative genomic approaches. The gene structure, collinearity, protein spatial structure, and phylogenetic relationships were compared with those in multiple representative vertebrates. Meanwhile, quantitative real-time PCR was conducted to explore transcriptional changes in TLR2 and TLR5 in immune tissues after infection with exogenous A. hydrophila and E. tarda. The results demonstrated the presence of TLR2 and TLR5 in yellow catfish. However, a systematic analysis showed that TLR2 was not associated with the arrangement of diverse neighboring genes. The expression of hybrid yellow catfish TLR2 transcripts in multiple tissues (including liver, spleen, kidney, and intestine) was significantly up-regulated after infection with A. hydrophila and E. tarda, suggesting that hybrid yellow catfish TLR2 and TLR5 may participate in the immune process. Taken together, the results indicate that TLR2 and TLR5 are conserved in terms of evolution and possess significant antibacterial activity as well as regulatory properties in immune-related tissues and thus play key roles in host defense against pathogen invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengtao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Qingzhuoma Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yuxin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Miling Ran
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhaobin Song
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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4
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Yang C, Merlin D. Unveiling Colitis: A Journey through the Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Model. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:844-853. [PMID: 38280217 PMCID: PMC11063560 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are valuable tools for investigating the factors involved in IBD pathogenesis and evaluating new therapeutic options. The dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced model of colitis is arguably the most widely used animal model for studying the pathogenesis of and potential treatments for ulcerative colitis (UC), which is a primary form of IBD. This model offers several advantages as a research tool: it is highly reproducible, relatively easy to generate and maintain, and mimics many critical features of human IBD. Recently, it has also been used to study the role of gut microbiota in the development and progression of IBD and to investigate the effects of other factors, such as diet and genetics, on colitis severity. However, although DSS-induced colitis is the most popular and flexible model for preclinical IBD research, it is not an exact replica of human colitis, and some results obtained from this model cannot be directly applied to humans. This review aims to comprehensively discuss different factors that may be involved in the pathogenesis of DSS-induced colitis and the issues that should be considered when using this model for translational purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Yang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA
| | - Didier Merlin
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA
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5
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Seong H, Song JW, Lee KH, Jang G, Shin DM, Shon WJ. Taste receptor type 1 member 3 regulates Western diet-induced male infertility. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159433. [PMID: 38007088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Western diet (WD), characterized by a high intake of fats and sugary drinks, is a risk factor for male reproductive impairment. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. Taste receptor type 1 member 3 (TAS1R3), activated by ligands of WD, is highly expressed in extra-oral tissues, particularly in the testes. Here, we investigated to determine the effects of WD intake on male reproduction and whether TAS1R3 mediates WD-induced impairment in male reproduction. Male C57BL/6 J wild-type (WT) and Tas1r3 knockout (KO) mice were fed either a normal diet and plain water (ND) or a 60 % high-fat-diet and 30 % (w/v) sucrose water (WD) for 18 weeks (n = 7-9/group). Long-term WD consumption significantly impaired sperm count, motility and testicular morphology in WT mice with marked Tas1r3 overexpression, whereas Tas1r3 KO mice were protected from WD-induced reproductive impairment. Testicular transcriptome analysis revealed downregulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and significantly elevated AMPK-targeted nuclear receptor 4A1 (Nr4a1) expression in WD-fed Tas1r3 KO mice. In vitro studies further validated that Tas1r3 knockdown in Leydig cells prevented the suppression of Nr4a1 and downstream steroidogenic genes (Star, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd3b1) caused by high glucose, fructose, and palmitic acid levels, and maintained the levels of testosterone. Additionally, we analyzed the public human dataset to assess the clinical implications of our findings and confirmed a significant association between TAS1R3 and male-infertility-related diseases. Our findings suggest that TAS1R3 regulates WD-induced male reproductive impairment via the AMPK/NR4A1 signaling and can be a novel therapeutic target for male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hobin Seong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon-Hee Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Jang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Mi Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Jeong Shon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Zhang J, Huang YJ, Trapecar M, Wright C, Schneider K, Kemmitt J, Hernandez-Gordillo V, Yoon JY, Poyet M, Alm EJ, Breault DT, Trumper DL, Griffith LG. An immune-competent human gut microphysiological system enables inflammation-modulation by Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:31. [PMID: 38553449 PMCID: PMC10980819 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk of microbes with human gut epithelia and immune cells is crucial for gut health. However, there is no existing system for a long-term co-culture of human innate immune cells with epithelium and oxygen-intolerant commensal microbes, hindering the understanding of microbe-immune interactions in a controlled manner. Here, we established a gut epithelium-microbe-immune (GuMI) microphysiological system to maintain the long-term continuous co-culture of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii/Faecalibacterium duncaniae with colonic epithelium, antigen-presenting cells (APCs, herein dendritic cells and macrophages), and CD4+ naive T cells circulating underneath the colonic epithelium. In GuMI-APC condition, multiplex cytokine assays suggested that APCs contribute to the elevated level of cytokines and chemokines secreted into both apical and basolateral compartments compared to GuMI condition that lacks APC. In GuMI-APC with F. prausnitzii (GuMI-APC-FP), F. prausnitzii increased the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes such as toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) and interferon alpha 1 (IFNA1) in the colonic epithelium, without a significant effect on cytokine secretion, compared to the GuMI-APC without bacteria (GuMI-APC-NB). In contrast, in the presence of CD4+ naive T cells (GuMI-APCT-FP), TLR1, IFNA1, and IDO1 transcription levels decreased with a simultaneous increase in F. prausnitzii-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL8) compared to GuMI-APC-FP that lacks T cells. These results highlight the contribution of individual innate immune cells in regulating the immune response triggered by the gut commensal F. prausnitzii. The integration of defined populations of immune cells in the gut microphysiological system demonstrated the usefulness of GuMI physiomimetic platform to study microbe-epithelial-immune interactions in healthy and disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Yu-Ja Huang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Martin Trapecar
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles Wright
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kirsten Schneider
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - John Kemmitt
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Jun Young Yoon
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mathilde Poyet
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eric J Alm
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David T Breault
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David L Trumper
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Linda G Griffith
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Center for Gynepathology Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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7
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Wang J, Zhao X, Wang Q, Zheng X, Simayi D, Zhao J, Yang P, Mao Q, Xia H. FAM76B regulates PI3K/Akt/NF-κB-mediated M1 macrophage polarization by influencing the stability of PIK3CD mRNA. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:107. [PMID: 38421448 PMCID: PMC10904503 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Macrophage polarization is closely related to inflammation development, yet how macrophages are polarized remains unclear. In our study, the number of M1 macrophages was markedly increased in Fam76b knockout U937 cells vs. wild-type U937 cells, and FAM76B expression was decreased in M1 macrophages induced from different sources of macrophages. Moreover, Fam76b knockout enhanced the mRNA and protein levels of M1 macrophage-associated marker genes. These results suggest that FAM76B inhibits M1 macrophage polarization. We then further explored the mechanism by which FAM76B regulates macrophage polarization. We found that FAM76B can regulate PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway-mediated M1 macrophage polarization by stabilizing PIK3CD mRNA. Finally, FAM76B was proven to protect against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization through the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway in vivo. In summary, FAM76B regulates M1 macrophage polarization through the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway in vitro and in vivo, which may inform the development of future therapeutic strategies for IBD and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhi Wang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Zheng
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dilihumaer Simayi
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Zhao
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyan Yang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Haibin Xia
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Krause JL, Engelmann B, Schaepe SS, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Jehmlich N, Chang HD, Slanina U, Hoffman M, Lehmann J, Zenclussen AC, Herberth G, von Bergen M, Haange SB. DSS treatment does not affect murine colonic microbiota in absence of the host. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2297831. [PMID: 38165179 PMCID: PMC10763643 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2297831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising globally; however, its etiology is still not fully understood. Patient genetics, immune system, and intestinal microbiota are considered critical factors contributing to IBD. Preclinical animal models are crucial to better understand the importance of individual contributing factors. Among these, the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis model is the most widely used. DSS treatment induces gut inflammation and dysbiosis. However, its exact mode of action remains unclear. To determine whether DSS treatment induces pathogenic changes in the microbiota, we investigated the microbiota-modulating effects of DSS on murine microbiota in vitro. For this purpose, we cultured murine microbiota from the colon in six replicate continuous bioreactors. Three bioreactors were supplemented with 1% DSS and compared with the remaining PBS-treated control bioreactors by means of microbiota taxonomy and functionality. Using metaproteomics, we did not identify significant changes in microbial taxonomy, either at the phylum or genus levels. No differences in the metabolic pathways were observed. Furthermore, the global metabolome and targeted short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) quantification did not reveal any DSS-related changes. DSS had negligible effects on microbial functionality and taxonomy in vitro in the absence of the host environment. Our results underline that the DSS colitis mouse model is a suitable model to study host-microbiota interactions, which may help to understand how intestinal inflammation modulates the microbiota at the taxonomic and functional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannike Lea Krause
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin, a Leibniz Institute – DRFZ, Schwiete laboratory for microbiota and inflammation, Berlin, Germany
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beatrice Engelmann
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephanie Serena Schaepe
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Jehmlich
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hyun-Dong Chang
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin, a Leibniz Institute – DRFZ, Schwiete laboratory for microbiota and inflammation, Berlin, Germany
- Chair of Cytometry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulla Slanina
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-mediated Diseases – CIMD, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maximillian Hoffman
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-mediated Diseases – CIMD, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörg Lehmann
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-mediated Diseases – CIMD, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Preclinical Development and Validation, Fraunhofer-Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology – IZI, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ana Claudia Zenclussen
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven-Bastiaan Haange
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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9
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Lee KH, Song JW, Kim CS, Seong H, Shin DM, Shon WJ. Taste receptor type 1 member 3 mediates diet-induced cognitive impairment in mice. Life Sci 2023; 334:122194. [PMID: 37865176 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Long-term consumption of a western diet (WD), which is characterized by high intake of saturated fats and sugary drinks, causes cognitive impairment. However, the molecular mechanism by which WD induces cognitive impairment remains unclear. Taste receptor type 1 member 3 (TAS1R3), activated by ligands of WD, is expressed in extra-oral tissues, including the brain, and particularly in the hippocampus. This study investigated whether TAS1R3 regulates WD-induced cognitive impairment in mice. MAIN METHODS Male C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and Tas1r3 knock-out (KO) mice were fed either a normal diet (ND) or WD for 18 weeks. Cognitive functions were assessed using novel object recognition and Barnes maze tests. The mechanisms underlying WD-induced cognitive impairment were assessed using RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. KEY FINDINGS Cognitive impairment was observed in WT mice fed WD (WT-WD) compared with WT-ND mice. Conversely, mice lacking TAS1R3 were not cognitively impaired even under long-term WD feeding. Hippocampal transcriptome analysis revealed upregulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and increased AMPK-targeted sirtuin 3 expression in KO-WD mice. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that response to oxidative stress was downregulated, whereas neurogenesis was upregulated in dentate gyrus of KO-WD mice. In vitro studies validated the findings, indicating that Tas1r3 knockdown directly upregulated decreased sirtuin 3 expression, its downstream genes-related to oxidative stress, and apoptosis induced by WD condition in hippocampal neuron cells. SIGNIFICANCE TAS1R3 acts as a critical mediator of WD-induced cognitive impairment in mice, thereby offering potential as a novel therapeutic target to prevent WD-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keon-Hee Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hobin Seong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Mi Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Jeong Shon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Song JW, Lee KH, Seong H, Shin DM, Shon WJ. Taste receptor type 1 member 3 enables western diet-induced anxiety in mice. BMC Biol 2023; 21:243. [PMID: 37926812 PMCID: PMC10626698 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence supports that the Western diet (WD), a diet high in saturated fat and sugary drinks, contributes to the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders, which are the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide. However, the underlying mechanisms by which WD causes anxiety remain unclear. Abundant expression of taste receptor type 1 member 3 (TAS1R3) has been identified in the hypothalamus, a key brain area involved in sensing peripheral nutritional signals and regulating anxiety. Thus, we investigated the influence of excessive WD intake on anxiety and mechanisms by which WD intake affects anxiety development using wild-type (WT) and Tas1r3 deficient (Tas1r3-/-) mice fed a normal diet (ND) or WD for 12 weeks. RESULTS WD increased anxiety in male WT mice, whereas male Tas1r3-/- mice were protected from WD-induced anxiety, as assessed by open field (OF), elevated plus maze (EPM), light-dark box (LDB), and novelty-suppressed feeding (NSF) tests. Analyzing the hypothalamic transcriptome of WD-fed WT and Tas1r3-/- mice, we found 1,432 genes significantly up- or down-regulated as a result of Tas1r3 deficiency. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis revealed that the CREB/BDNF signaling-mediated maintenance of neuronal regeneration, which can prevent anxiety development, was enhanced in WD-fed Tas1r3-/- mice compared with WD-fed WT mice. Additionally, in vitro studies further confirmed that Tas1r3 knockdown prevents the suppression of Creb1 and of CREB-mediated BDNF expression caused by high levels of glucose, fructose, and palmitic acid in hypothalamic neuronal cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results imply that TAS1R3 may play a key role in WD-induced alterations in hypothalamic functions, and that inhibition of TAS1R3 overactivation in the hypothalamus could offer therapeutic targets to alleviate the effects of WD on anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon-Hee Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hobin Seong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Mi Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Jeong Shon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Zhang J, Huang YJ, Trapecar M, Wright C, Schneider K, Kemmit J, Hernandez-Gordillo V, Yoon JY, Alm EJ, Breault DT, Trumper D, Griffith LG. An immune-competent human gut microphysiological system enables inflammation-modulation of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3373576. [PMID: 37886530 PMCID: PMC10602192 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3373576/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Crosstalk of microbes with human gut epithelia and immune cells is crucial for gut health. However, there is no existing system for a long-term co-culture of human innate immune cells with epithelium and oxygen-intolerant commensal microbes, hindering the understanding of microbe-immune interactions in a controlled manner. Here, we establish a gut epithelium-microbe-immune microphysiological system to maintain the long-term continuous co-culture of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii/Faecalibacterium duncaniae with colonic epithelium, antigen-presenting cells (APCs, herein dendritic cells and macrophages), with CD4+ naïve T cells circulating underneath the colonic epithelium. Multiplex cytokine assays suggested that APCs contribute to the elevated level of cytokines and chemokines being secreted into both apical and basolateral compartments. In contrast, the absence of APCs does not allow reliable detection of these cytokines. In the presence of APCs, F. prausnitzii increased the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes such as toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) and interferon alpha 1 (IFNA1) in the colonic epithelium, but no significant change on the secreted cytokines. In contrast, integration of CD4+ naïve T cells reverses this effect by decreasing the transcription of TLR1, IFNA1, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, and increasing the F. prausnitzii-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8, MCP-1/CCL2, and IL1A. These results highlight the contribution of individual innate immune cells in the regulation of the immune response triggered by the gut commensal F. prausnitzii. The successful integration of defined populations of immune cells in this gut microphysiological system demonstrated the usefulness of the GuMI physiomimetic platform to study microbe-epithelial-immune interactions in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yu-Ja Huang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Martin Trapecar
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles Wright
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kirsten Schneider
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - John Kemmit
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Jun Young Yoon
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eric J. Alm
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David T. Breault
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Trumper
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Linda G. Griffith
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Gynepathology Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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12
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Shon WJ, Song JW, Oh SH, Lee KH, Seong H, You HJ, Seong JK, Shin DM. Gut taste receptor type 1 member 3 is an intrinsic regulator of Western diet-induced intestinal inflammation. BMC Med 2023; 21:165. [PMID: 37118698 PMCID: PMC10148556 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02848-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term intake of a Western diet (WD), characterized by a high-fat content and sugary drinks, is hypothesized to contribute to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite the identified clinical association, the molecular mechanisms by which dietary changes contribute to IBD development remain unknown. Therefore, we examined the influence of long-term intake of a WD on intestinal inflammation and the mechanisms by which WD intake affects IBD development. METHODS Mice fed normal diet or WD for 10 weeks, and bowel inflammation was evaluated through pathohistological and infiltrated inflammatory cell assessments. To understand the role of intestinal taste receptor type 1 member 3 (TAS1R3) in WD-induced intestinal inflammation, cultured enteroendocrine cells harboring TAS1R3, subjected to RNA interference or antagonist treatment, and Tas1r3-deficient mice were used. RNA-sequencing, flow cytometry, 16S metagenomic sequencing, and bioinformatics analyses were performed to examine the involved mechanisms. To demonstrate their clinical relevance, intestinal biopsies from patients with IBD and mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis were analyzed. RESULTS Our study revealed for the first time that intestinal TAS1R3 is a critical mediator of WD-induced intestinal inflammation. WD-fed mice showed marked TAS1R3 overexpression with hallmarks of serious bowel inflammation. Conversely, mice lacking TAS1R3 failed to exhibit inflammatory responses to WD. Mechanistically, intestinal transcriptome analysis revealed that Tas1r3 deficiency suppressed mTOR signaling, significantly increasing the expression of PPARγ (a major mucosal defense enhancer) and upregulating the expression of PPARγ target-gene (tight junction protein and antimicrobial peptide). The gut microbiota of Tas1r3-deficient mice showed expansion of butyrate-producing Clostridia. Moreover, an increased expression of host PPARγ-signaling pathway proteins was positively correlated with butyrate-producing microbes, suggesting that intestinal TAS1R3 regulates the relationship between host metabolism and gut microflora in response to dietary factors. In cultured intestinal cells, regulation of the TAS1R3-mTOR-PPARγ axis was critical for triggering an inflammatory response via proinflammatory cytokine production and secretion. Abnormal regulation of the axis was observed in patients with IBD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the TAS1R3-mTOR-PPARγ axis in the gut links Western diet consumption with intestinal inflammation and is a potential therapeutic target for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jeong Shon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Won Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon-Hee Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hobin Seong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju You
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Mi Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Shon WJ, Jung MH, Kim Y, Kang GH, Choi EY, Shin DM. Sugar-sweetened beverages exacerbate high-fat diet-induced inflammatory bowel disease by altering the gut microbiome. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 113:109254. [PMID: 36572070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
High-fat diets (HFDs) and frequent consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are potential contributors to increasing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidences. While HFDs have been implicated in mild intestinal inflammation, the role of sucrose in SSBs remains unclear. Therefore, we studied the role of SSBs in IBD pathogenesis in a mouse model and humans. C57BL6/J mice were given ad libitum access to a sucrose solution or plain water for 10 weeks, with or without an HFD. Interestingly, sucrose solution consumption alone did not induce gut inflammation in mice; however, when combined with an HFD, it dramatically increased the inflammation score, submucosal edema, and CD45+ cell infiltration. 16S ribosomal RNA gene-sequencing revealed that sucrose solution and HFD co-consumption significantly increased the relative abundance of IBD-related pathogenic bacteria when compared with HFD consumption. RNA sequencing and flow cytometry showed that co-consumption promoted pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine synthesis, dendritic-cell expansion, and IFN-γ+TNF-α+CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation. Fecal microbiota transplantation from HFD- and sucrose water-fed mice into gut-sterilized mice increased the susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in the recipient mice. Consistent herewith, high consumption of SSBs and animal fat-rich diets markedly increased systemic inflammation-associated IBD marker expression in humans. In conclusion, SSBs exacerbate HFD-induced colitis by triggering a shift of the gut microbiome into a pathobiome. Our findings provide new insights for the development of strategies aimed at preventing IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jeong Shon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ho Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Hoon Kang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environment and Human Interface, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Mi Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Proietti E, Pauwels RW, de Vries AC, Orecchini E, Volpi C, Orabona C, Peppelenbosch MP, Fuhler GM, Mondanelli G. Modulation of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 During Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity in Humans and Mice. Int J Tryptophan Res 2023; 16:11786469231153109. [PMID: 36798536 PMCID: PMC9926376 DOI: 10.1177/11786469231153109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1), a key enzyme in tryptophan metabolism, is strongly up-regulated both in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and animal models of colitis, however its role in the pathogenesis is still controversial. In this study, we investigated IDO1 expression and activity in a mouse model of DSS-induced chronic colitis as well as in colon biopsies and sera from IBD patients. Methods Chronic colitis was induced in mice through the oral administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and IDO1 activity was induced by i.p. treatment with N-acetyl serotonin (NAS). IDO1 expression and catalytic activity (measured as Kyn/Trp ratio) was evaluated in sera and tissue samples collected from mice and 93 IBD patients under immunotherapy with Vedolizumab (VDZ) or Ustekinumab (UST). Results Strong up-regulation of IDO1 was found in colons of mice with acute colitis, which follows disease activity. Enhanced IDO1 activity by NAS treatment protects the intestinal mucosa during the recovery phase of chronic colitis. In IBD patients, IDO1 expression and activity correlate with the severity of mucosal inflammation with inflamed regions showing higher IDO1 expression compared to non-inflamed regions within the same patient. Endoscopic response to VDZ/UST treatment is associated with decreased expression of IDO1. Conclusions This is the first study demonstrating immunomodulatory activity of IDO1 in a chronic mouse model of DSS-induced colitis. As its expression and catalytic activity correlate with the grade of mucosal inflammation and treatment response, IDO1 could represent a promising biomarker for disease severity and treatment monitoring in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Proietti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Renske W.M. Pauwels
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie C. de Vries
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Orecchini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudia Volpi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Ciriana Orabona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Gwenny M. Fuhler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giada Mondanelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy,Giada Mondanelli, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Severi, 1, Perugia, Umbria 06132, Italy.
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15
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Ding M, Yu Y, Zhu Z, Tian H, Guo Y, Zan R, Tian Y, Jiang R, Li K, Sun G, Han R, Li D, Kang X, Yan F. Regulation of the MyD88 gene in chicken spleen inflammation induced by stress. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad060. [PMID: 36805927 PMCID: PMC10022378 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the regulatory role of the myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) gene in the stress inflammatory response to chicken spleen, the chicken stress model and macrophage (HD11) inflammation model were constructed in this study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative real-time PCR were used to investigate the effects of MyD88 on immune and inflammatory indicators. The results demonstrated that the levels of IgG, CD3+ and CD4+ in the serum of chickens in the beak trimming stress and heat stress groups decreased significantly compared to the control group without stress (P < 0.05), and the inflammation-related indices IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and NF-κB increased significantly (P < 0.05). Stress up-regulated the expression levels of MyD88, IL-1β, NF-κB and TLR4 in the spleen, stimulated the release of inflammatory factors. Overexpression of MyD88 significantly up-regulated the expression levels of the inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, NF-κB and TLR4 in HD11 cells (P < 0.05). Co-treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) further promoted the expression levels of the inflammatory cytokines in HD11 cells. Interference with the expression of MyD88 significantly reduced the expression level of inflammatory factors in HD11 cells (P < 0.05) and had an antagonistic effect with LPS to alleviate the inflammatory reaction. In conclusion, the MyD88 gene has a pro-inflammatory effect and is highly expressed in the beak trimming and heat stress models in chicks, regulating the inflammatory response in poultry. It was involved in regulating the expression of immune-related genes in HD11 cells and had a synergistic effect with LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxia Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yange Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhaoyan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Huihui Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yujie Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruilong Zan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Kui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Guirong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruili Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Donghua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Fengbin Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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Wang J, Gao H, Xie Y, Wang P, Li Y, Zhao J, Wang C, Ma X, Wang Y, Mao Q, Xia H. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide alleviates dextran sodium sulfate-induced inflammatory bowel disease by regulating M1/M2 macrophage polarization via the STAT1 and STAT6 pathways. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1044576. [PMID: 37144216 PMCID: PMC10151498 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1044576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of colonic homeostasis caused by aberrant M1/M2 macrophage polarization contributes to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is the primary active constituent of traditional Chinese herbal Lycium barbarum L., which has been widely demonstrated to have important functions in regulating immune activity and anti-inflammatory. Thus, LBP may protect against IBD. To test this hypothesis, the DSS-induced colitis model was established in mice, then the mice were treated with LBP. The results indicated that LBP attenuated the weight loss, colon shortening, disease activity index (DAI), and histopathological scores of colon tissues in colitis mice, suggesting that LBP could protect against IBD. Besides, LBP decreased the number of M1 macrophages and the protein level of Nitric oxide synthase 2(NOS2) as a marker of M1 macrophages and enhanced the number of M2 macrophages and the protein level of Arginase 1(Arg-1) as a marker of M2 macrophages in colon tissues from mice with colitis, suggesting that LBP may protect against IBD by regulating macrophage polarization. Next, the mechanistic studies in RAW264.7 cells showed that LBP inhibited M1-like phenotype by inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT1, and promoted M2-like phenotype by promoting the phosphorylation of STAT6. Finally, immunofluorescence double-staining results of colon tissues showed that LBP regulated STAT1 and STAT6 pathways in vivo. The results in the study demonstrated that LBP could protect against IBD by regulating macrophage polarization through the STAT1 and STAT6 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Huiying Gao
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu Li
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Junli Zhao
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuwen Wang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Department of Pathology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Haibin Xia
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Haibin Xia, ,
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METTL3 Regulates the Inflammatory Response in CPB2 Toxin-Exposed IPEC-J2 Cells through the TLR2/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415833. [PMID: 36555481 PMCID: PMC9781724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens beta2 (CPB2) toxin is one of the main pathogenic toxins produced by Clostridium perfringens, which causes intestinal diseases in animals and humans. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most common reversible modification in eukaryotic disease processes. Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) regulates immunity and inflammatory responses induced by the bacterial infections in animals. However, METTL3's involvement in CPB2-treated intestinal porcine epithelial cell line-J2 (IPEC-J2) remains unclear. In the current study, we used methylated RNA immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay to determine the role of METTL3 in CPB2-exposed IPEC-J2 cells. The findings revealed that m6A and METTL3 levels were increased in CPB2 treated IPEC-J2 cells. Functionally, METTL3 overexpression promoted the release of inflammatory factors, increased cytotoxicity, decreased cell viability and disrupted tight junctions between cells, while the knockdown of METTL3 reversed these results. Furthermore, METTL3 was involved in the inflammatory response of IPEC-J2 cells by activating the TLR2/NF-κB signaling pathway through regulating TLR2 m6A levels. In conclusion, METTL3 overexpression triggered the TLR2/NF-κB signaling pathway and promoted CPB2-induced inflammatory responses in IPEC-J2 cells. These findings may provide a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of diarrhea caused by Clostridium perfringens.
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Yu H, Zhang F, Wen Y, Zheng Z, Chen G, Pan Y, Wu P, Ye Q, Han J, Chen X, Liu C, Shen T. Mechanism of interventional effect and targets of Zhuyu pill in regulating and suppressing colitis and cholestasis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1038188. [PMID: 36408242 PMCID: PMC9666482 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1038188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Zhuyu pill (ZYP) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription composed of two drugs, Coptis chinensis Franch. and Tetradium ruticarpum (A. Jussieu) T. G. Hartley, and is commonly used in the clinical treatment of diseases of the digestive system. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of ZYP on colitis remains unclear. In this study, a colitis rat model was induced with 2,4,6-trinitro-benzenesulfonic acid (TNBS, 100 mg/kg) and treated with ZYP (low dose: 0.6 g/kg, high dose: 1.2 g/kg). Disease activity index, colonic weight index, and weight change ratio were used to evaluate the model and efficacy. LC-MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to measure differences in fecal metabolism and microorganism population among the control, model, low-dose ZYP, and high-dose ZYP groups. To elucidate the mechanism of interventional effect of ZYP, Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between fecal metabolism and fecal microbial number. High-dose and low-dose ZYP both exhibited significant interventional effects on colitis rat models, and high-dose ZYP produced a better interventional effect compared with low-dose ZYP. Based on a metabolomics test of fecal samples, significantly altered metabolites in the model and high-dose ZYP treatment groups were identified. In total, 492 metabolites were differentially expressed. Additionally, sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene in fecal samples revealed that the high-dose ZYP could improve TNBS-induced fecal microbiota dysbiosis. Ultimately, changes in tryptophan metabolism and Firmicutes and Gammaproteobacteria populations were detected after ZYP treatment in both colitis and cholestasis. Therefore, we conclude that tryptophan metabolism and Firmicutes and Gammaproteobacteria populations are the core targets of the anti-inflammatory effect of ZYP. These findings provide a scientific basis for further investigation of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ZYP in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueqiang Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,Department of Pediatrics, Guang’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang’an, China
| | - Zhili Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoyang Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingying Pan
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peijie Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaobo Ye
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Xiaofeng Chen, ; Chao Liu, ; Tao Shen,
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Xiaofeng Chen, ; Chao Liu, ; Tao Shen,
| | - Tao Shen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Xiaofeng Chen, ; Chao Liu, ; Tao Shen,
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19
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Lindholm M, Di Sabatino A, Manon-Jensen T, Mazza G, Madsen GI, Giuffrida P, Pinzani M, Krag A, Karsdal MA, Kjeldsen J, Mortensen JH. A Serological Biomarker of Laminin Gamma 1 Chain Degradation Reflects Altered Basement Membrane Remodeling in Crohn's Disease and DSS Colitis. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:3662-3671. [PMID: 34561759 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The laminin gamma 1 chain (LMγ1) is abundant along the crypt-villus axis in the intestinal basement membrane. AIMS We investigated whether a serological biomarker of laminin degradation was associated with disease activity in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and in rats with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. METHODS Serum samples from CD patients (n = 43), healthy subjects (n = 19), and Sprague Dawley rats receiving 5-6% DSS water for five days and regular drinking water for 11 days were included in this study. The LG1M biomarker, a neo-epitope degradation fragment of the LMγ1 chain generated by matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9), was measured in serum to estimate the level of laminin degradation. RESULTS Serum LG1M was elevated in CD patients with active and inactive disease compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.0001). LG1M distinguished CD patients from healthy subjects, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.81 (p < 0.0001). Serum LG1M was decreased in DSS rats compared to controls 2 days after DSS withdrawal, and increased upon reversal of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Increased serum LG1M in active and inactive CD patients supports the evidence of altered LM expression in both inflamed and non-inflamed tissue. Moreover, lower LG1M levels in the early healing phase of DSS-induced colitis may reflect ongoing mucosal repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majken Lindholm
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark. .,Department of Medical Gastroenterology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Tina Manon-Jensen
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Giuseppe Mazza
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Gunvor I Madsen
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Paolo Giuffrida
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Massimo Pinzani
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten A Karsdal
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jens Kjeldsen
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Joachim H Mortensen
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
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20
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Renal transcriptome profiles in mice reveal the need for sufficient water intake irrespective of the drinking water type. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10911. [PMID: 35764881 PMCID: PMC9240086 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14815-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to characterize the impact of long-term dehydration in terms of physiological and biochemical parameters, as well as renal transcriptomes. Furthermore, we assessed whether consumption of specific types of water elicit more beneficial effects on these health parameters. To this end, C57BL/6 mice were either provided water for 15 min/day over 2 and 4 weeks (water restricted; RES), or ad libitum access to distilled (CON), tap, spring, or purified water. Results show that water restriction decreases urine output and hematocrit levels while increasing brain vasopressin mRNA levels in RES mice compared to control mice (CON). Meanwhile, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were higher in the RES group compared to the CON group. Kidney transcriptome analysis further identified kidney damage as the most significant biological process modulated by dehydration. Mechanistically, prolonged dehydration induces kidney damage by suppressing the NRF2-signaling pathway, which targets the cytoprotective defense system. However, type of drinking water does not appear to impact physiological or blood biochemical parameters, nor the renal transcriptome profile, suggesting that sufficient water consumption is critical, irrespective of the water type. Importantly, these findings also inform practical action for environmental sustainability by providing a theoretical basis for reducing bottled water consumption.
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21
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Jovanovic F, Sudhakar A, Knezevic NN. The Kynurenine Pathway and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Inflammation as a Common Denominator. Int J Tryptophan Res 2022; 15:11786469221099214. [PMID: 35620306 PMCID: PMC9128055 DOI: 10.1177/11786469221099214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex metabolic disorder commonly seen in females of reproductive age. The pathophysiology of PCOS is multifactorial and includes dysfunction in ovarian steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis, impaired gonadotropin levels, insulin resistance, gut microbiota imbalance, genetic predisposition, and lifestyle preferences. Low-grade inflammatory conditions such as obesity and impaired glucose tolerance are common metabolic disturbances in women with PCOS. A growing body of literature suggests strong evidence rendering PCOS in close proximity with chronic inflammation as documented by high levels of serum white blood cells, C-reactive protein, and various proinflammatory cytokines seen in this condition. Inflammation seems to be the most common metabolic denominator between the kynurenine pathway and PCOS. The association of tryptophan and kynurenine pathway has already been well documented in mood disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, chronic pain conditions, and different inflammatory states. In this manuscript, we describe the influence of sex steroid hormones on different enzymes of the KP; inflammatory nature of PCOS and CRP as a marker of IDO/TDO activity; and the effects of altered gut flora in women with PCOS. This review provides a novel view of the available evidence of tryptophan and downstream metabolites in PCOS in the context of underlying inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Jovanovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Merit Health Wesley, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Aboorva Sudhakar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Merit Health Wesley, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Nebojsa Nick Knezevic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA
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22
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Lushnikova A, Bohr J, Wickbom A, Münch A, Sjöberg K, Hultgren O, Wirén A, Hultgren Hörnquist E. Patients With Microscopic Colitis Have Altered Levels of Inhibitory and Stimulatory Biomarkers in Colon Biopsies and Sera Compared to Non-inflamed Controls. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:727412. [PMID: 34722568 PMCID: PMC8555710 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.727412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Microscopic colitis (MC) is an inflammatory bowel condition with two subtypes, lymphocytic colitis (LC) and collagenous colitis (CC). Unlike patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and non-inflamed individuals, MC patients have reduced risk of developing colorectal cancer, possibly due to increased immune surveillance in MC patients. Aim: To examine differences in levels of immunomodulatory molecules, including those involved in immune checkpoint mechanisms, in sera from patients with MC and in colonic biopsies from patients with MC and UC compared with controls. Methods: Using Luminex, 23 analytes (4-1BB, 4-1BBL, APRIL, BAFF, BTLA, CD27, CD28, CD80, CTLA-4, E-cadherin, Galectin-3, GITR, HVEM, IDO, IL-2Rα, LAG-3, MICA, MICB, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, sCD40L and TIM-3) were studied in serum from patients with active MC (n = 35) and controls (n = 23), and in colonic biopsies from patients with active LC (n = 9), active CC (n = 16) and MC in histological remission (LC n = 6, CC n = 6), active UC (n = 15) and UC in remission (n = 12) and controls (n = 58). Results: In serum, IDO, PD-1, TIM-3, 4-1BB, CD27, and CD80 were decreased whereas 4-1BBL and IL-2Rα were increased in MC patients compared with controls. In contrast, in biopsies, levels of PD-L2 and 4-1BB were increased in MC and UC patients with active disease. Furthermore, in biopsies from CC and UC but not LC patients with active disease, CTLA-4, PD-1, APRIL, BAFF, and IL-2Rα were increased compared with controls. PD-L1 was increased in CC but not UC or LC patients. CD27 and TIM-3 were decreased in biopsies from MC patients in comparison to controls whereas levels of MICB were decreased in patients with active UC compared with controls. Conclusions: Compared with non-inflamed controls, levels of soluble and membrane-bound immunomodulatory molecules were systemically and locally altered in MC and UC patients, with most analytes being decreased in serum but enhanced in colonic biopsies. These findings contribute to knowledge about checkpoint molecules and their role as biomarkers in MC and may also contribute to knowledge about possible mechanisms behind the seemingly protective effects of MC against colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johan Bohr
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Örebro University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anna Wickbom
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Örebro University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Andreas Münch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Linköping, and Department of Health, Medicine, and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Klas Sjöberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Department of Gastroenterology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olof Hultgren
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anders Wirén
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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23
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Mishra V, Bose A, Kiran S, Banerjee S, Shah IA, Chaukimath P, Reshi MM, Srinivas S, Barman A, Visweswariah SS. Gut-associated cGMP mediates colitis and dysbiosis in a mouse model of an activating mutation in GUCY2C. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212653. [PMID: 34546338 PMCID: PMC8480670 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating mutations in receptor guanylyl cyclase C (GC-C), the target of gastrointestinal peptide hormones guanylin and uroguanylin, and bacterial heat-stable enterotoxins cause early-onset diarrhea and chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). GC-C regulates ion and fluid secretion in the gut via cGMP production and activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase II. We characterize a novel mouse model harboring an activating mutation in Gucy2c equivalent to that seen in an affected Norwegian family. Mutant mice demonstrated elevated intestinal cGMP levels and enhanced fecal water and sodium content. Basal and linaclotide-mediated small intestinal transit was higher in mutant mice, and they were more susceptible to DSS-induced colitis. Fecal microbiome and gene expression analyses of colonic tissue revealed dysbiosis, up-regulation of IFN-stimulated genes, and misregulation of genes associated with human IBD and animal models of colitis. This novel mouse model thus provides molecular insights into the multiple roles of intestinal epithelial cell cGMP, which culminate in dysbiosis and the induction of inflammation in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwas Mishra
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Avipsa Bose
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shashi Kiran
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sanghita Banerjee
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Idrees A Shah
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Pooja Chaukimath
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Mudasir M Reshi
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Swarna Srinivas
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anaxee Barman
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sandhya S Visweswariah
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
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24
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Ramprasath T, Han YM, Zhang D, Yu CJ, Zou MH. Tryptophan Catabolism and Inflammation: A Novel Therapeutic Target For Aortic Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:731701. [PMID: 34630411 PMCID: PMC8496902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.731701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic diseases are the primary public health concern. As asymptomatic diseases, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and atherosclerosis are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The inflammatory process constitutes an essential part of a pathogenic cascade of aortic diseases, including atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysms. Inflammation on various vascular beds, including endothelium, smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, and inflammatory cell infiltration (monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, etc.), play critical roles in the initiation and progression of aortic diseases. The tryptophan (Trp) metabolism or kynurenine pathway (KP) is the primary way of degrading Trp in most mammalian cells, disturbed by cytokines under various stress. KP generates several bioactive catabolites, such as kynurenine (Kyn), kynurenic acid (KA), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK), etc. Depends on the cell types, these metabolites can elicit both hyper- and anti-inflammatory effects. Accumulating evidence obtained from various animal disease models indicates that KP contributes to the inflammatory process during the development of vascular disease, notably atherosclerosis and aneurysm development. This review outlines current insights into how perturbed Trp metabolism instigates aortic inflammation and aortic disease phenotypes. We also briefly highlight how targeting Trp metabolic pathways should be considered for treating aortic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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25
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Chandhni PR, Pradhan D, Sowmya K, Gupta S, Kadyan S, Choudhary R, Gupta A, Gulati G, Mallappa RH, Kaushik JK, Grover S. Ameliorative Effect of Surface Proteins of Probiotic Lactobacilli in Colitis Mouse Models. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:679773. [PMID: 34539597 PMCID: PMC8447872 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.679773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in concern from viable cells of probiotics specifically in acute inflammatory conditions has led to the emergence of the concept of postbiotics as a safer alternative therapy in the field of health and wellness. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of surface proteins from three probiotic strains in dextran sodium sulfate and trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid = induced colitis mouse models. The molecular weight of total surface proteins extracted from the three probiotic strains ranged from ∼25 to ∼250 kDa with the presence of negligible levels of endotoxins. Surface layer proteins (SLPs) (∼45 kDa) were found to be present only in the Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM strain. In the in vivo study, significant differences were not observed in the weight loss and general appetite, however, the decrease in colon length was apparent in TNBS colitis control mice. Further, the administration of these surface proteins significantly reversed the histopathological damages induced by the colitogens and improved the overall histological score. The oral ingestion of these surface proteins also led to a decrease in myeloperoxidase activity and TNF-α expression while the IL-10 levels significantly increased for the strain NCFM followed by MTCC 5690 and MTCC 5689. Overall, the present study signifies the ameliorative role of probiotic surface proteins in colitis mice, thereby, offering a potential and safer alternative for the management of inflammatory bowel disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Chandhni
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Diwas Pradhan
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Kandukuri Sowmya
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Sunny Gupta
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Saurabh Kadyan
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Ritu Choudhary
- Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Archita Gupta
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Ganga Gulati
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | | | - Jai K Kaushik
- Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Sunita Grover
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
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26
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Haq S, Grondin JA, Khan WI. Tryptophan-derived serotonin-kynurenine balance in immune activation and intestinal inflammation. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21888. [PMID: 34473368 PMCID: PMC9292703 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100702r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous tryptophan metabolism pathways lead to the production of serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine; 5‐HT), kynurenine, and several downstream metabolites which are involved in a multitude of immunological functions in both health and disease states. Ingested tryptophan is largely shunted to the kynurenine pathway (95%) while only minor portions (1%–2%) are sequestered for 5‐HT production. Though often associated with the functioning of the central nervous system, significant production of 5‐HT, kynurenine and their downstream metabolites takes place within the gut. Accumulating evidence suggests that these metabolites have essential roles in regulating immune cell function, intestinal inflammation, as well as in altering the production and suppression of inflammatory cytokines. In addition, both 5‐HT and kynurenine have a considerable influence on gut microbiota suggesting that these metabolites impact host physiology both directly and indirectly via compositional changes. It is also now evident that complex interactions exist between the two pathways to maintain gut homeostasis. Alterations in 5‐HT and kynurenine are implicated in the pathogenesis of many gastrointestinal dysfunctions, including inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, these pathways present numerous potential therapeutic targets, manipulation of which may aid those suffering from gastrointestinal disorders. This review aims to update both the role of 5‐HT and kynurenine in immune regulation and intestinal inflammation, and analyze the current knowledge of the relationship and interactions between 5‐HT and kynurenine pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Haq
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jensine A Grondin
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Waliul I Khan
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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27
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Ala M. Tryptophan metabolites modulate inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer by affecting immune system. Int Rev Immunol 2021; 41:326-345. [PMID: 34289794 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2021.1954638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophan is an essential amino acid, going through three different metabolic pathways in the intestines. Indole pathway in the gut microbiota, serotonin system in the enterochromaffin cells and kynurenine pathway in the immune cells and intestinal lining are the three arms of tryptophan metabolism in the intestines. Clinical, in vivo and in vitro studies showed that each one of these arms has a significant impact on IBD. This review explains how different metabolites of tryptophan are involved in the pathophysiology of IBD and colorectal cancer, as a major complication of IBD. Indole metabolites alleviate colitis and protect against colorectal cancer while serotonin arm follows a more complicated and receptor-specific pattern. Indole metabolites and kynurenine interact with aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) to induce T regulatory cells differentiation, confine Th17 and Th1 response and produce anti-inflammatory mediators. Kynurenine decreases tumor-infiltrating CD8+ cells and mediates tumor cells immune evasion. Serotonin system also increases colorectal cancer cells proliferation and metastasis while, indole metabolites can profoundly decrease colorectal cancer growth. Targeted therapy for tryptophan metabolites may improve the management of IBD and colorectal cancer, e.g. supplementation of indole metabolites such as indole-3-carbinol (I3C), inhibition of kynurenine monooxygenase (KMO) and selective stimulation or inhibition of specific serotonergic receptors can mitigate colitis. Furthermore, it will be explained how indole metabolites supplementation, inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), KMO and serotonin receptors can protect against colorectal cancer. Additionally, extensive molecular interactions between tryptophan metabolites and intracellular signaling pathways will be thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Ala
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Chen LM, Bao CH, Wu Y, Liang SH, Wang D, Wu LY, Huang Y, Liu HR, Wu HG. Tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism: a link between the gut and brain for depression in inflammatory bowel disease. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:135. [PMID: 34127024 PMCID: PMC8204445 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02175-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which mainly includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is a group of chronic bowel diseases that are characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloody stools. IBD is strongly associated with depression, and its patients have a higher incidence of depression than the general population. Depression also adversely affects the quality of life and disease prognosis of patients with IBD. The tryptophan-kynurenine metabolic pathway degrades more than 90% of tryptophan (TRP) throughout the body, with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the key metabolic enzyme, being activated in the inflammatory environment. A series of metabolites of the pathway are neurologically active, among which kynerunic acid (KYNA) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) are molecules of great interest in recent studies on the mechanisms of inflammation-induced depression. In this review, the relationship between depression in IBD and the tryptophan-kynurenine metabolic pathway is overviewed in the light of recent publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ming Chen
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110 Ganhe Road, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 650 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Chun-Hui Bao
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110 Ganhe Road, Shanghai, 200437, China.
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 650 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Yu Wu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110 Ganhe Road, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Shi-Hua Liang
- Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Nettelbosje 2, Groningen, 9747 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Di Wang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110 Ganhe Road, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Lu-Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 650 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 650 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Hui-Rong Liu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110 Ganhe Road, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 650 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Huan-Gan Wu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110 Ganhe Road, Shanghai, 200437, China.
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 650 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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Wen X, Wang HG, Zhang MN, Zhang MH, Wang H, Yang XZ. Fecal microbiota transplantation ameliorates experimental colitis via gut microbiota and T-cell modulation. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:2834-2849. [PMID: 34135557 PMCID: PMC8173381 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i21.2834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence has demonstrated that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has a promising therapeutic effect on mice with experimental colitis and patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), although the mechanism of FMT is unclear.
AIM To evaluate the protective effect of FMT on UC and clarify its potential dependence on the gut microbiota, through association analysis of gut microbiota with colon transcriptome in mice.
METHODS Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced experimental colitis was established and fecal microbiota was transplanted by gavage. Severity of colon inflammation was measured by body weight, disease activity index, colon length and histological score. Gut microbiota alteration was analyzed through 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the colon were obtained by transcriptome sequencing. The activation status of colonic T lymphocytes in the lamina propria was evaluated by flow cytometry.
RESULTS Compared with the DSS group, the weight loss, colon length shortening and inflammation were significantly alleviated in the FMT group. The scores of disease activity index and colon histology decreased obviously after FMT. FMT restored the balance of gut microbiota, especially by upregulating the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and downregulating the relative abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and Turicibacter. In the transcriptomic analysis, 128 DEGs intersected after DSS treatment and FMT. Functional annotation analysis suggested that these DEGs were mainly involved in T-lymphocyte activation. In the DSS group, there was an increase in colonic T helper CD4+ and T cytotoxic CD8+ cells by flow cytometry. FMT selectively downregulated the ratio of colonic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to maintain intestinal homeostasis. Furthermore, Clostri dium_sensu_stricto_1 was significantly related to inflammation-related genes including REG3G, CCL8 and IDO1.
CONCLUSION FMT ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in mice via regulating the gut microbiota and T-cell modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong-Gang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min-Na Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng-Hui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu Province, China
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Sun Y, Huo J, Zhong S, Zhu J, Li Y, Li X. Chemical structure and anti-inflammatory activity of a branched polysaccharide isolated from Phellinus baumii. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 268:118214. [PMID: 34127216 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Phellinus baumii is used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and gastroenteritis. In this study, a 46 kDa heteropolysaccharide SHPS-1 was isolated from fruiting bodies of P. baumii. SHPS-1 consisted of arabinose, mannose, glucose, and galactose at a molar ratio of 2.2:15.7:49.3:32.8. SHPS-1 had a backbone containing 1,3-linked β-D-Glcp and 1,6-linked α-D-Galp residues, and Araf, Manp and Galp units were attached as oligosaccharidic side chains to the backbone at C-6 of some glucopyranoses. SHPS-1 decreased phosphorylation level of STAT-1 and expression levels of STAT-1 targeted genes such as iNOS and TNF-α in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, SHPS-1 promoted the expression of IL-10 and macrophage mannose receptor CD 206, markers of tissue repairing macrophages. SHPS-1 alleviated ulcerative colitis in mice by decreasing pro-inflammatory genes and increasing anti-inflammatory and tissue repairing genes. Collectively, SHPS-1 polysaccharide from P. baumii had anti-inflammatory activity and can potentially treat IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Sun
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Jianggan, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jinxi Huo
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Jianggan, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Shi Zhong
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Jianggan, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jianxun Zhu
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Jianggan, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yougui Li
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Jianggan, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Yangzhou Borui Saccharide Biotech Co., Ltd, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu, China
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Pillalamarri N, Abdullah, Ren G, Khan L, Ullah A, Jonnakuti S, Ullah M. Exploring the utility of extracellular vesicles in ameliorating viral infection-associated inflammation, cytokine storm and tissue damage. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101095. [PMID: 33887552 PMCID: PMC8053440 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as potential mediators of intercellular communication. EVs are nano-sized, lipid membrane-bound vesicles that contains biological information in the form of proteins, metabolites and/or nucleic acids. EVs are key regulators of tissue repair mechanisms, such as in the context of lung injuries. Recent studies suggest that EVs have the ability to repair COVID19-associated acute lung damage. EVs hold great promise for therapeutic treatments, particularly in treating a potentially fatal autoimmune response and attenuate inflammation. They are known to boost lung immunity and are involved in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases, including viral infection. EV-based immunization technology has been proven to elicit robust immune responses in many models of infectious disease, including COVID-19. The field of EV research has tremendous potential in advancing our understanding about viral infection pathogenesis, and can be translated into anti-viral therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagavalli Pillalamarri
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | - Abdullah
- Molecular Medicine Department of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, United States
| | - Gang Ren
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | - Luqman Khan
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States
| | - Asad Ullah
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States
| | - Sriya Jonnakuti
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | - Mujib Ullah
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States; Molecular Medicine Department of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, United States.
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Yin HF, Yin CM, Ouyang T, Sun SD, Chen WG, Yang XL, He X, Zhang CF. Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Genkwanin: A Novel Approach for Anti-Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:557-576. [PMID: 33603345 PMCID: PMC7886095 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s292417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to develop an optimized Genkwanin (GKA)-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) formulation to enhance the solubility, intestinal permeability, oral bioavailability and anti-colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) activity of GKA. METHODS We designed a SNEDDS comprised oil phase, surfactants and co-surfactants for oral administration of GKA, the best of which were selected by investigating the saturation solubility, constructing pseudo-ternary phase diagrams, followed by optimizing thermodynamic stability, emulsification efficacy, self-nanoemulsification time, droplet size, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), drug release and intestinal permeability. In addition, the physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetics of GKA-SNEDDS were characterized, and its anti-colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) activity and potential mechanisms were evaluated in AOM/DSS-induced C57BL/6J mice model. RESULTS The optimized nanoemulsion formula (OF) consists of Maisine CC, Labrasol ALF and Transcutol HP in a weight ratio of 20:60:20 (w/w/w), in which ratio the OF shows multiple improvements, specifically small mean droplet size, excellent stability, fast release properties as well as enhanced solubility and permeability. Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that compared with GKA suspension, the relative bioavailability of GKA-SNEDDS was increased by 353.28%. Moreover, GKA-SNEDDS not only significantly prevents weight loss and improves disease activity index (DAI) but also reduces the histological scores of inflammatory cytokine levels as well as inhibiting the formation of colon tumors via inducing tumor cell apoptosis in the AOM/DSS-induced CAC mice model. CONCLUSION Our results show that the developed GKA-SNEDDS exhibited enhanced oral bioavailability and excellent anti-CAC efficacy. In summary, GKA-SNEDDS, using lipid nanoparticles as the drug delivery carrier, can be applied as a potential drug delivery system for improving the clinical application of GKA.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Colitis/drug therapy
- Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism
- Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
- Daphne/chemistry
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Compounding
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Emulsions
- Flavones/administration & dosage
- Flavones/chemistry
- Flavones/pharmacology
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Molecular Structure
- Nanoparticles/administration & dosage
- Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Solubility
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Feng Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi QingFeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ming Yin
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Ouyang
- School of Chinese Materia Medical, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ding Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Guo Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lin Yang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin He
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Oliveira JAP, Gandini M, Sales JS, Fujimori SK, Barbosa MGM, Frutuoso VS, Moraes MO, Sarno EN, Pessolani MCV, Pinheiro RO. Mycobacterium leprae induces a tolerogenic profile in monocyte-derived dendritic cells via TLR2 induction of IDO. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 110:167-176. [PMID: 33040382 PMCID: PMC8359402 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4a0320-188r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzyme IDO‐1 is involved in the first stage of tryptophan catabolism and has been described in both microbicidal and tolerogenic microenvironments. Previous data from our group have shown that IDO‐1 is differentially regulated in the distinctive clinical forms of leprosy. The present study aims to investigate the mechanisms associated with IDO‐1 expression and activity in human monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (mDCs) after stimulation with irradiated Mycobacterium leprae and its fractions. M. leprae and its fractions induced the expression and activity of IDO‐1 in human mDCs. Among the stimuli studied, irradiated M. leprae and its membrane fraction (MLMA) induced the production of proinflammatory cytokines TNF and IL‐6 whereas irradiated M. leprae and its cytosol fraction (MLSA) induced an increase in IL‐10. We investigated if TLR2 activation was necessary for IDO‐1 induction in mDCs. We observed that in cultures treated with a neutralizing anti‐TLR2 antibody, there was a decrease in IDO‐1 activity and expression induced by M. leprae and MLMA. The same effect was observed when we used a MyD88 inhibitor. Our data demonstrate that coculture of mDCs with autologous lymphocytes induced an increase in regulatory T (Treg) cell frequency in MLSA‐stimulated cultures, showing that M. leprae constituents may play opposite roles that may possibly be related to the dubious effect of IDO‐1 in the different clinical forms of disease. Our data show that M. leprae and its fractions are able to differentially modulate the activity and functionality of IDO‐1 in mDCs by a pathway that involves TLR2, suggesting that this enzyme may play an important role in leprosy immunopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica A P Oliveira
- Leprosy Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Gandini
- Laboratory of Cellular Microbiology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jorgenilce S Sales
- Leprosy Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sérgio K Fujimori
- Laboratory for Development and Analytical Validation, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Farmanguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mayara G M Barbosa
- Cascalho-Platt Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Valber S Frutuoso
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milton O Moraes
- Leprosy Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Euzenir N Sarno
- Leprosy Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria C V Pessolani
- Laboratory of Cellular Microbiology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberta O Pinheiro
- Leprosy Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Lee HS, Lee J, Smolensky D, Lee SH. Potential benefits of patchouli alcohol in prevention of human diseases: A mechanistic review. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:107056. [PMID: 33039955 PMCID: PMC7543893 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Patchouli alcohol (PA) is a bioactive component in essential oil extracted from Pogostemon cablin. The present review provides the scientific mechanisms for health beneficial activities of PA in diverse disease models. PA possesses diverse health beneficial activities.
Patchouli alcohol (PA), a tricyclic sesquiterpene, is a dominant bioactive component in oil extracted from the aerial parts of Pogostemon cablin (patchouli). Diverse beneficial activities have been reported, including anti-influenza virus, anti-depressant, anti-nociceptive, vasorelaxation, lung protection, brain protection, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-colitis, pre-biotic-like, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and protective activities against metabolic diseases. However, detailed mechanistic studies are required to explore the possibility of developing PA as a functional food material or promising drug for the prevention and treatment of human diseases. This review highlights multiple molecular targets and working mechanisms by which PA mediates health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Seop Lee
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jihye Lee
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Dmitriy Smolensky
- Grain Quality and Structure Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - Seong-Ho Lee
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Hua B, Xiang J, Guo L, Lu D. MicroRNA-212-5p regulates the inflammatory response of periodontal ligament cells by targeting myeloid differentiation factor 88. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 118:104831. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sandes S, Figueiredo N, Pedroso S, Sant'Anna F, Acurcio L, Abatemarco Junior M, Barros P, Oliveira F, Cardoso V, Generoso S, Caliari M, Nicoli J, Neumann E, Nunes Á. Weissella paramesenteroides WpK4 plays an immunobiotic role in gut-brain axis, reducing gut permeability, anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors in murine models of colitis and chronic stress. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109741. [PMID: 33233306 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and mood disorders is complex and involves overlapping metabolic pathways, which may determine comorbidity. Several studies have been shown that this comorbidity could worsen IBD clinical course. The treatment of ulcerative colitis is complex, and involves traditional therapy to promote the function of epithelial barrier, reducing exacerbated inflammatory responses. Recently, it has been shown that some probiotic strains could modulate gut-brain axis, reducing depressive and anxiety scores in humans, including IBD patients. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the role of Weissella paramesenteroides WpK4 in murine models of ulcerative colitis and chronic stress. It was observed that bacterium ingestion improved health of colitis mice, reducing intestinal permeability, besides improving colon histopathological appearance. In stressed mice, bacterial consumption was associated with a reduced anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors. In both assays, the beneficial role of W. paramesenteroides WpK4 was related to its immunomodulatory feature. It is possible to state that W. paramesenteroides WpK4 exerted their beneficial roles in gut-brain axis through their immunomodulatory effects with consequences in several metabolic pathways related to intestinal permeability and hippocampal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sávio Sandes
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Brazil.
| | - Naiara Figueiredo
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Escola de Veterinária, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Pedroso
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe Sant'Anna
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Escola de Veterinária, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Acurcio
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mário Abatemarco Junior
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Barros
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Oliveira
- Departamento de Patologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Valbert Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Simone Generoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Caliari
- Departamento de Patologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jacques Nicoli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Neumann
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Nunes
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Brazil
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Renga G, Bellet MM, Pariano M, Gargaro M, Stincardini C, D'Onofrio F, Mosci P, Brancorsini S, Bartoli A, Goldstein AL, Garaci E, Romani L, Costantini C. Thymosin α1 protects from CTLA-4 intestinal immunopathology. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:3/10/e202000662. [PMID: 32817121 PMCID: PMC7441522 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates that Tα1 protects mice from anti–CTLA-4–induced colitis and sustains its antitumor activity, thus suggesting that Tα1 may be used in combination protocols. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors has represented a major boost in cancer therapy, but safety concerns are increasingly being recognized. Indeed, although beneficial at the tumor site, unlocking a safeguard mechanism of the immune response may trigger autoimmune-like effects at the periphery, thus making the safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors a research priority. Herein, we demonstrate that thymosin α1 (Tα1), an endogenous peptide with immunomodulatory activities, can protect mice from intestinal toxicity in a murine model of immune checkpoint inhibitor–induced colitis. Specifically, Tα1 efficiently prevented immune adverse pathology in the gut by promoting the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) 1–dependent tolerogenic immune pathway. Notably, Tα1 did not induce IDO1 in the tumor microenvironment, but rather modulated the infiltration of T-cell subsets by inverting the ratio between CD8+ and Treg cells, an effect that may depend on Tα1 ability to regulate the differentiation and chemokine expression profile of DCs. Thus, through distinct mechanisms that are contingent upon the context, Tα1 represents a plausible candidate to improve the safety/efficacy profile of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Renga
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marina M Bellet
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marilena Pariano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Gargaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Fiorella D'Onofrio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Mosci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Bartoli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Allan L Goldstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Enrico Garaci
- University San Raffaele and Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigina Romani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudio Costantini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Prado GKS, Torrinha KC, Cruz RE, Gonçalves ABB, Silva CAV, Oliveira FMS, Nunes AC, Gomes MA, Caliari MV. Weissella paramesenteroides WpK4 ameliorate the experimental amoebic colitis by increasing the expression of MUC-2 and the intestinal epithelial regeneration. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:1706-1719. [PMID: 32320114 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study evaluates the action of Weissella paramesenteroides WpK4 on amoebic colitis. METHODS AND RESULTS Weissella paramesenteroides WpK4 was administered in Entamoeba dispar infected and noninfected mice and clinical parameters were evaluated. Following 7 days, the caeca were collected for histopathology, morphometry and immunohistochemical staining of MUC-2, CDC-47 and IgA. The treatment reduced diarrhoea and the presence of blood in the faeces and diminished the area of necrosis, also causing weight gain. Also, the addition of this bacterium enhanced the expression of the mucin (MUC-2). The reduction in necrosis and increased CDC-47 expression indicates significant epithelial regeneration. The negative correlation between CDC-47 and the necrosis area reveals that the bacterium favoured the recovery of the necrotic regions and the positive correlation found between the expression of MUC-2 and CDC-47 indicates that the epithelial regeneration also supports the synthesis of MUC-2. CONCLUSIONS Weissella paramesenteroides WpK4 was able to increase the protection of the intestinal mucosa against experimental amoebic colitis through the increase of MUC-2 and epithelial regeneration. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Weissella paramesenteroides WpK4 presents the potential to become a complementary tool in the treatment of amoebic colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K S Prado
- Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - K C Torrinha
- Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - R E Cruz
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A B B Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - C A V Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - F M S Oliveira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A C Nunes
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M A Gomes
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M V Caliari
- Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Jiaweishaoyao Decoction Alleviates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis via Inhibiting Inflammation. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2020; 2020:7182874. [PMID: 32565784 PMCID: PMC7273494 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7182874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Jiaweishaoyao decoction (JWSYD) is a traditional prescription of Chinese medicine that is initially used for the treatment of diarrhea. This study is aimed at investigating the effects of JWSYD on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods DSS-induced UC mice and LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells were used as the UC model in vivo and in vitro. UC was assessed by body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, spleen weight, and histopathological score (HE staining). The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were analyzed by ELISA and qRT-PCR. The levels of NLRP3 inflammasome- and NF-κB pathway-associated proteins were measured by western blot. Results JWSYD alleviated DSS-induced UC in respect to body weight, DAI, colon length, spleen weight, and histopathological score. JWSYD reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in DSS-induced UC mice and the supernatants of LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. JWSYD suppressed the protein levels of inflammasome-associated proteins, including NLRP3, ASC1, Procaspase-1, Cleaved caspase-1, and Cleaved IL-1β in DSS-induced UC mice and LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. In addition, JWSYD suppressed the NF-κB pathway in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion JWSYD alleviated DSS-induced UC via inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathway.
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YAP Aggravates Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Regulating M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization and Gut Microbial Homeostasis. Cell Rep 2020; 27:1176-1189.e5. [PMID: 31018132 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation, epithelial cell regeneration, macrophage polarization, and gut microbial homeostasis are critical for the pathological processes associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). YAP (Yes-associated protein) is a key component of the Hippo pathway and was recently suggested to promote epithelial cell regeneration for IBD recovery. However, it is unclear how YAP regulates macrophage polarization, inflammation, and gut microbial homeostasis. Although YAP has been shown to promote epithelial regeneration and alleviate IBD, here we show that YAP in macrophages aggravates IBD, accompanied by the production of antimicrobial peptides and changes in gut microbiota. YAP impairs interleukin-4 (IL-4)/IL-13-induced M2 macrophage polarization while promoting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon γ (IFN-γ)-triggered M1 macrophage activation for IL-6 production. In addition, YAP expression is differently regulated during the induction of M2 versus M1 macrophages. This study suggests that fully understanding the multiple functions of YAP in different cell types is crucial for IBD therapy.
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41
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Zeng T, Deng G, Zhong W, Gao Z, Ma S, Mo C, Li Y, Huang S, Zhou C, Lai Y, Xie S, Xie Z, Chen Y, He S, Lv Z, Gao L. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1enhanceshepatocytes ferroptosis in acute immune hepatitis associated with excess nitrative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:668-679. [PMID: 31945497 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently recognized form of regulated cell death that is characterized by lipid peroxidation. However, the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in acute immune hepatitis (AIH) are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the classical ferroptotic events in the livers of mice with concanavalin A (ConA) to induce AIH. The dramatically upregulated gene indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) was identified with AIH, and its role in generation of ferroptosis and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) was assessed both in vitro and in vivo by genetic deletion or pharmacologic inhibition of IDO1. We observed that ferroptosis contributed to the ConA-induced hepatic damage, which was confirmed by the therapeutical effects of ferroptosis inhibitor (ferrostatin-1). Noteworthy, upregulation of hepatic IDO1 and nitrative stress in ConA-induced hepatic damage were also remarkably inhibited by the ferroptosis abolishment. Additionally, IDO1 deficiency contributed to ferroptosis resistance by activating solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11; also known as xCT) expression, accompanied with the reductions of murine liver lesions and RNS. Meanwhile, IDO inhibitor 1-methyl tryptophan alleviated murine liver damage with the reduction of inducible nitric oxide synthase and 3-nitrotyrosine expression. Consistent with the results in vivo, hepatocytes-specific knockdown of IDO1 led to ferroptosis resistance upon exposure to ferroptosis-inducing compound (Erastin) in vitro, whereas IDO1 overexpression aggravated the classical ferroptotic events, and the RNS stress. Overall, these results revealed a novel molecular mechanism of ferroptosis with the key feature of nitrative stress in ConA-induced liver injury, and also identified IDO1-dependent ferroptosis as a potential target for the treatment of AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanghui Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weichao Zhong
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No.1, Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuowei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuoyi Ma
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chan Mo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunjia Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sha Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuying Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuqi Lai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuwen Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zeping Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuyao Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Songqi He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhiping Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Xie Y, Zhou L, Yao X, Li Y. Protective Effects of Clostridium Butyricum in a Murine Model of Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis That Involve Inhibition of the TLR2 Signaling Pathway and T Helper 17 Cells. Am J Med Sci 2020; 360:176-191. [PMID: 32553747 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2020.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the role of Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) in conjunction with the Toll-like receptor2 (TLR2) signaling pathway and T helper 17 (Th17) cells in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. METHODS Forty 8-week-old BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups of 8 mice for 7 days: control, DSS (5% DSS), DSS+C. butyricum (1 × 109 CFU), DSS+C. butyricum (1 × 108 CFU) and DSS+C. butyricum (1 × 107 CFU) groups. We assessed the disease activity index (DAI) and histological damage scores. The expression levels of TLR2, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-κBp65), interleukin (IL) 17 (IL17), IL23 and retineic acid receptor related orphan nuclear receptor gamma t (RORγt) were determined through immunohistochemical staining, western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression levels of CD3+CD4+IL17+ cells in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS C. butyricum dose-dependently decreased DAI and histological damage scores in DSS mice and down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of TLR2, MyD88 and NF-κBp65 in mouse colon tissue (all P < 0.05). In addition, C. butyricum dose-dependently decreased the levels of CD3+CD4+IL17+ cells in peripheral blood and down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of IL17, IL23 and RORγt in mouse colon tissue (all P < 0.05). Moreover, the effect of C. butyricum on TLR2 was positively correlated with IL17, IL23 and RORγt. CONCLUSIONS C. butyricum exerts a dose-dependently protective effect on acute intestinal inflammation induced by DSS in mice, by inhibiting the TLR2 signaling pathway, down-regulating the expression of IL23 and RORγt, and inhibiting the secretion of IL17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Linyan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xinjie Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
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Arredondo-Hernández R, Schmulson M, Orduña P, López-Leal G, Zarate AM, Alanis-Funes G, Alcaraz LD, Santiago-Cruz R, Cevallos MA, Villa AR, Ponce-de-León Rosales S, López-Vidal Y. Mucosal Microbiome Profiles Polygenic Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Mestizo Individuals. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:72. [PMID: 32266159 PMCID: PMC7098960 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most frequent functional gastrointestinal disorder, worldwide, with a high prevalence among Mestizo Latin Americans. Because several inflammatory disorders appear to affect this population, a further understanding of host genomic background variants, in conjunction with colonic mucosa dysbiosis, is necessary to determine IBS physiopathology and the effects of environmental pressures. Using a simple polygenic model, host single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the taxonomic compositions of microbiota were compared between IBS patients and healthy subjects. As proof of concept, five IBS-Rome III patients and five healthy controls (HCs) were systematically studied. The human and bacterial intestinal metagenome of each subject was taxonomically annotated and screened for previously annotated IBS, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease-associated SNPs or taxon abundance. Dietary data and fecal markers were collected and associated with the intestinal microbiome. However, more than 1,000 variants were found, and at least 76 SNPs differentiated IBS patients from HCs, as did associations with 4 phyla and 10 bacterial genera. In this study, we found elements supporting a polygenic background, with frequent variants, among the Mestizo population, and the colonic mucosal enrichment of Bacteroides, Alteromonas, Neisseria, Streptococcus, and Microbacterium, may serve as a hallmark for IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Arredondo-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Microbioma, División de Estudios de Posgrado y División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Max Schmulson
- Laboratorio de Hígado, Páncreas y Motilidad (HIPAM), Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Orduña
- Laboratorio de Microbioma, División de Estudios de Posgrado y División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gamaliel López-Leal
- Programa de Inmunología Molecular Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Gerardo Alanis-Funes
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Luis David Alcaraz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rubí Santiago-Cruz
- Programa de Inmunología Molecular Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Cevallos
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Antonio R Villa
- Laboratorio de Microbioma, División de Estudios de Posgrado y División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Samuel Ponce-de-León Rosales
- Laboratorio de Microbioma, División de Estudios de Posgrado y División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yolanda López-Vidal
- Programa de Inmunología Molecular Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Lo Sasso G, Phillips BW, Sewer A, Battey JND, Kondylis A, Talikka M, Titz B, Guedj E, Peric D, Bornand D, Dulize R, Merg C, Corciulo M, Ouadi S, Yanuar R, Tung CK, Ivanov NV, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J. The reduction of DSS-induced colitis severity in mice exposed to cigarette smoke is linked to immune modulation and microbial shifts. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3829. [PMID: 32123204 PMCID: PMC7052152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) causes detrimental health effects, increasing the risk of cardiovascular, pulmonary diseases and carcinogenesis in exposed individuals. The impact of CS on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) has been established by a number of epidemiological and clinical studies. In fact, CS is associated with a higher risk of developing Crohn's disease (CD) while inversely correlates with the development, disease risks, and relapse rate of ulcerative colitis (UC). To investigate the effect of CS exposure on experimental colitis, we performed a comprehensive and integrated comparative analysis of colon transcriptome and microbiome in mice exposed to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and CS. Colon transcriptome analysis revealed that CS downregulated specific pathways in a concentration-dependent manner, affecting both the inflammatory state and composition of the gut microbiome. Metagenomics analysis demonstrated that CS can modulate DSS-induced dysbiosis of specific bacterial genera, contributing to resolve the inflammation or accelerate recovery. The risks of smoking far outweigh any possible benefit, thus smoking cessation must always be encouraged because of its significant health benefits. However, the inverse association between active smoking and the development of UC cannot be ignored and the present study lays the foundation for investigating potential molecular mechanisms responsible for the attenuation of colitis by certain compounds of tobacco when decoupled from combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lo Sasso
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Blaine W Phillips
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore
| | - Alain Sewer
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - James N D Battey
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Athanasios Kondylis
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Marja Talikka
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Bjoern Titz
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Guedj
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Dariusz Peric
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - David Bornand
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Remi Dulize
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Celine Merg
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Maica Corciulo
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Sonia Ouadi
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Rendy Yanuar
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore
| | - Ching Keong Tung
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore
| | - Nikolai V Ivanov
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Hoeng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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Gut microorganisms and their metabolites modulate the severity of acute colitis in a tryptophan metabolism-dependent manner. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:3591-3601. [PMID: 32055962 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Growing evidence shows that nutrient metabolism affects inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) development. Previously, we showed that deficiency of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (Ido1), a tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme, reduced the severity of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. However, the roles played by intestinal microbiota in generating the differences in disease progression between Ido1+/+ and Ido1-/- mice are unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the interactions between the intestinal microbiome and host IDO1 in governing intestinal inflammatory responses. METHODS Microbial 16s rRNA sequencing was conducted in Ido1+/+ and Ido1-/- mice after DSS treatment. Bacteria-derived tryptophan metabolites were measured in urine. Transcriptome analysis revealed the effects of the metabolite and IDO1 expression in HCT116 cells. Colitis severity of Ido1+/+ was compared to Ido1-/- mice following fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). RESULTS Microbiome analysis through 16S-rRNA gene sequencing showed that IDO1 deficiency increased intestinal bacteria that use tryptophan preferentially to produce indolic compounds. Urinary excretion of 3-indoxyl sulfate, a metabolized form of gut bacteria-derived indole, was significantly higher in Ido1-/- than in Ido1+/+ mice. Transcriptome analysis showed that tight junction transcripts were significantly increased by indole treatment in HCT116 cells; however, the effects were diminished by IDO1 overexpression. Using FMT experiments, we demonstrated that bacteria from Ido1-/- mice could directly attenuate the severity of DSS-induced colitis. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence that a genetic defect in utilizing tryptophan affects intestinal microbiota profiles, altering microbial metabolites, and colitis development. This suggests that the host and intestinal microbiota communicate through shared nutrient metabolic networks.
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Xuan L, Ren L, Han F, Gong L, Wan Z, Yang S, Liu H, Lv Y, Liu L. Cytomegalovirus Infection Exacerbates Experimental Colitis by Promoting IL-23 Production. Inflammation 2019; 43:326-335. [PMID: 31701354 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated an association between cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, CMV infection is more common in patients with severe or steroid-refractory IBD. However, it is not clarified whether CMV worsens IBD or if it is merely a surrogate marker for IBD. Here, we used the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model to investigate if CMV infection exacerbates colitis. The mice were injected intraperitoneally with 10 MOI of murine CMV (MCMV) and thereafter, chronic colitis was induced by one cycle of DSS exposure. Anti-IL-23R mAb at 20 μg/mice and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an effective NF-κB inhibitor, at 50 mg/kg were administrated to the mice. The MCMV-infected mice had a shorter colon length and a higher histopathology score than the mock inoculum-treated mice, while anti-IL-23R mAb administration ameliorated the pathological changes. Expression of IL-23, phospho-NF-κB p65, and phospho-IκBα was upregulated in colon tissues of the MCMV-infected mice compared to mock inoculum-treated mice, while treatment with PDTC attenuated colonic IL-23 production. These data demonstrated that CMV infection could accelerate IBD development. This effect may be due to its activation on NF-κB signaling pathway and subsequently IL-23 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Xuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Lulu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Feifei Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Lili Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Zirui Wan
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yali Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Lihong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Extracellular Matrix Fragments of the Basement Membrane and the Interstitial Matrix Are Serological Markers of Intestinal Tissue Remodeling and Disease Activity in Dextran Sulfate Sodium Colitis. Dig Dis Sci 2019; 64:3134-3142. [PMID: 31123972 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05676-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic intestinal inflammation results in tissue damage partly caused by an increase in matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) activity causing degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. We studied intestinal tissue remodeling by quantifying ECM protein fragments in serum in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, to investigate ECM protein fragments as serological biomarkers of intestinal tissue remodeling and disease activity. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats received 5% DSS in drinking water for 5 days followed by 11 days with regular water. Disease activity index (DAI) was scored daily. Serum was collected on day 0, 6, 7, and 16. ELISAs were used to quantify MMP-derived remodeling fragments of basement membrane type IV collagen (C4M and PRO-C4) and interstitial matrix type III collagen (C3M and rPRO-C3). RESULTS In DSS rats, serum levels relative to baseline of C4M, PRO-C4, and C3M were elevated (P < 0.01; P < 0.001; P < 0.001) at day 7, which declined at day 16. Levels of rPRO-C3 were lower in DSS rats at day 7 and increased to normal levels at day 16. The ratio between C3M and rPRO-C3 showed an overall degradation (P < 0.0001) of collagen type III in DSS rats at day 7, which correlated to the DAI (r2 = 0.5588, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that remodeling of the basement membrane (C4M and PRO-C4) and the interstitial matrix (C3M and rPRO-C3) increased during DSS-induced colitis and declined with reversal of the disease. Thus, serological biochemical biomarkers of the ECM reflect tissue remodeling and could be studied as markers of disease activity in IBD.
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Alvarado DM, Chen B, Iticovici M, Thaker AI, Dai N, VanDussen KL, Shaikh N, Lim CK, Guillemin GJ, Tarr PI, Ciorba MA. Epithelial Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Modulates Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Notch Signaling to Increase Differentiation of Secretory Cells and Alter Mucus-Associated Microbiota. Gastroenterology 2019; 157:1093-1108.e11. [PMID: 31325428 PMCID: PMC6756966 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Inflammation, injury, and infection up-regulate expression of the tryptophan metabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in the intestinal epithelium. We studied the effects of cell-specific IDO1 expression in the epithelium at baseline and during intestinal inflammation in mice. METHODS We generated transgenic mice that overexpress fluorescence-tagged IDO1 in the intestinal epithelium under control of the villin promoter (IDO1-TG). We generated intestinal epithelial spheroids from mice with full-length Ido1 (controls), disruption of Ido1 (knockout mice), and IDO1-TG and analyzed them for stem cell and differentiation markers by real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence. Some mice were gavaged with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (E2348/69) to induce infectious ileitis, and ileum contents were quantified by polymerase chain reaction. Separate sets of mice were given dextran sodium sulfate or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid to induce colitis; intestinal tissues were analyzed by histology. We utilized published data sets GSE75214 and GDS2642 of RNA expression data from ilea of healthy individuals undergoing screening colonoscopies (controls) and patients with Crohn's disease. RESULTS Histologic analysis of small intestine tissues from IDO1-TG mice revealed increases in secretory cells. Enteroids derived from IDO1-TG intestine had increased markers of stem, goblet, Paneth, enteroendocrine, and tuft cells, compared with control enteroids, with a concomitant decrease in markers of absorptive cells. IDO1 interacted non-enzymatically with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor to inhibit activation of NOTCH1. Intestinal mucus layers from IDO1-TG mice were 2-fold thicker than mucus layers from control mice, with increased proportions of Akkermansia muciniphila and Mucispirillum schaedleri. Compared to controls, IDO1-TG mice demonstrated an 85% reduction in ileal bacteria (P = .03) when challenged with enteropathogenic E coli, and were protected from immune infiltration, crypt dropout, and ulcers following administration of dextran sodium sulfate or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid. In ilea of Crohn's disease patients, increased expression of IDO1 correlated with increased levels of MUC2, LYZ1, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor, but reduced levels of SLC2A5. CONCLUSIONS In mice, expression of IDO1 in the intestinal epithelial promotes secretory cell differentiation and mucus production; levels of IDO1 are positively correlated with secretory cell markers in ilea of healthy individuals and Crohn's disease patients. We propose that IDO1 contributes to intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Alvarado
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Baosheng Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Micah Iticovici
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ameet I Thaker
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Nattalie Dai
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kelli L VanDussen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nurmohammad Shaikh
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Chai K Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - Phillip I Tarr
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Matthew A Ciorba
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.
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Kanehara K, Ohnuma S, Kanazawa Y, Sato K, Kokubo S, Suzuki H, Karasawa H, Suzuki T, Suzuki C, Naitoh T, Unno M, Abe T. The indole compound MA-35 attenuates tumorigenesis in an inflammation-induced colon cancer model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12739. [PMID: 31484999 PMCID: PMC6726640 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48974-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In inflammatory bowel disease, chronic inflammation results in the development of colon cancer known as colitis-associated cancer. This disease is associated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) signaling. In addition, intestinal fibrosis is a common clinical complication that is promoted by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). In our previous study, MA-35 attenuated renal fibrosis by inhibiting both TNF-α and TGF-β1 signaling. This study aimed to identify the possible antitumor effects and antifibrotic effects of MA-35 using an AOM/DSS mouse model. MA-35 was orally administered every day for 70 days in the AOM/DSS mouse model. There was no difference in weight loss between the AOM/DSS group and the AOMDSS + MA-35 group, but the disease activity index score and the survival rate were improved by MA-35. MA-35 blocked the anemia and shortening of the colon induced by AOM/DSS. MA-35 reduced the macroscopic formation of tumors in the colon. In the microscopic evaluation, MA-35 reduced inflammation and fibrosis in areas with dysplasia. Furthermore, the TNF-α mRNA level in the colon tended to be reduced, and the interleukin 6, TGF-β1 and fibronectin 1 mRNA levels in the colon were significantly reduced by MA-35. These results suggested that MA-35 inhibited AOM/DSS-induced carcinogenesis by reducing inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Kanehara
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shinobu Ohnuma
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Yoshitake Kanazawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sato
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shoji Kokubo
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hideaki Karasawa
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Chitose Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naitoh
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan. .,Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan. .,Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
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Mondanelli G, Iacono A, Carvalho A, Orabona C, Volpi C, Pallotta MT, Matino D, Esposito S, Grohmann U. Amino acid metabolism as drug target in autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2019; 18:334-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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