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Wu Z, Yin Y, Liu R, Li X, Sun Y, Yau SY, Wu L, Liu Y, Adzic M, Zhang H, Chen G. A refined formula derived from Jiawei-Xiaoyao pill exerts rapid antidepressant-like effects in LPS-induced depression by reducing neuroinflammation and restoring neuroplasticity signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118647. [PMID: 39094756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jiawei-Xiaoyao Pill (JWX), a classic formula in traditional Chinese medicine, is derived from Xiaoyao Pill by adding significant amounts of Gardeniae Fructus (GF) and Moutan Cortex (MC). It is frequently used for the treatment of depression. JWX has been demonstrated to uniquely elicit rapid antidepressant-like effects within the prescribed dosage range. To date, GF has been shown to have rapid antidepressant-like effects, but a much higher dose is required than its proportion in JWX. It is assumed that the synergism of GF with a minimum number of other herbs in JWX serves as a refined formula that exerts these rapid antidepressant-like effects. Identification of a refined formula is important for prioritizing the herbs and ingredients to optimize the quality control of JWX. However, such a refined formula for JWX has not been identified yet. AIM OF THE STUDY Here we aimed to identify a refined formula derived from JWX for optimized rapid antidepressant-like effects. Since the neuroinflammation mechanism involving in depression treatment has not been previously investigated for JWX, we tested the mechanism for both JWX and the refined formula. MATERIALS AND METHODS Individual herbs (MC; ASR, Angelica Sinensis Radix; Bupleuri Radix; Paeonia Radix Alba) that show antidepressant-like responses were mixed with GF at the proportional dosage in JWX to identify the refined formula. Rapid antidepressant-like effects were assessed by using NSF (Novelty Suppressed Feeding Test) and other behavioral tests following a single administration. The identified formula was further tested in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive model, and the molecular signaling mechanisms were investigated using Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence, and pharmacological inhibition of mTOR signaling. Scopolamine (Scop) was used as a positive control for induction of rapid antidepressant effects. RESULTS A combination of GF, MC and ASR (GMA) at their dosages proportional to JWX induced behavioral signs of rapid antidepressant-like responses in both normal and LPS-treated mice, with the antidepressant-like effects sustained for 5 d. Similar to JWX or Scop, GMA rapidly reduced the neuroinflammation signaling of Iba-1-NF-кB, enhanced neuroplasticity signaling of CaMKII-mTOR-BDNF, and attenuated the upregulated expressions of the NMDAR sub-units GluN1 and GluN2B in the hippocampus of LPS-treated mice. GMA, JWX and Scop rapidly restored the number of BDNF-positive cells reduced by LPS treatment in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. Furthermore, rapamycin, a selective inhibitor of mTOR, blunted the rapid antidepressant-like effects and hippocampal BDNF signaling upregulation by GMA. CONCLUSION GMA may serve as a refined formula from JWX, capable of inducing rapid antidepressant-like effects. In the LPS-induced depression model, the effects of GMA were mediated via rapidly alleviating neuroinflammation and enhancing neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjie Wu
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Zhuhai Institute of Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519070, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Brain-Peripheral Homeostasis and Comprehensive Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Ying Yin
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Zhuhai Institute of Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519070, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Brain-Peripheral Homeostasis and Comprehensive Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Ruiyi Liu
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Zhuhai Institute of Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519070, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Brain-Peripheral Homeostasis and Comprehensive Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Xianhui Li
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Zhuhai Institute of Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519070, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Brain-Peripheral Homeostasis and Comprehensive Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Yan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Suk-Yu Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, PR China
| | - Lei Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Zhuhai Institute of Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519070, PR China
| | - Miroslav Adzic
- "Vinča Institute" of Nuclear Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology 090, University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Hailou Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Zhuhai Institute of Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519070, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Brain-Peripheral Homeostasis and Comprehensive Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Zhuhai Institute of Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519070, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Brain-Peripheral Homeostasis and Comprehensive Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
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Zhang Z, Su D, Lai M, Song Y, Li H, Yang M, Zhu G, Liu H, Ai Z. New antidepressant mechanism of Yueju Pill: Increasing ghrelin level by inhibiting gastric mTOR/S6K signaling pathway and sensitizing hippocampal GHS-R. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37038. [PMID: 39296021 PMCID: PMC11407933 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Yueju Pill (YJ) not only has good antidepressant effect but also can effectively treat digestive system diseases. However,it remains unclear whether the mechanism of antidepressant action of YJ is related to the peripheral digestive system. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the antidepressant mechanism of YJ on ghrelin level based on gastric mTOR/S6K signal pathway and sensitized hippocampal Ghrelin/GHS-R system in CUMS mice. Experimental procedure The depression model was induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and social isolation. The antidepressant effect of YJ was observed by behavioral experiment and hemodynamic experiments. Ghrelin levels in in hippocampus and blood were measured by Elisa kit, and the mRNA of ghrelin in mice stomach was measured by Real-time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The activation level of gastric mTOR/S6K signal pathway was detected by Western Blot (WB). Rapamycin (Rapa) and L-Leucine (L-Leu) were used to verify the effects of YJ on the synthesis and release of ghrelin. The activity of GHS-R in hippocampus was observed by immunofluorescence. Hippocampal neuronal damage was evaluated by HE staining and Nissl staining. The level of central neurotransmitter was measured by liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer (LC-MS). Results and conclusion YJ ameliorates CUMS-induced depressive-like behavior by inhibiting the gastric mTOR/S6K signaling pathway and increasing GHR expression in the mouse stomach. However, these effects of YJ could be resisted by L-Leu (a mTOR receptor agonist). Further studies have shown that YJ can sensitize the Ghrelin/GHS-R system in the hippocampus, with significant neuroprotective effects, and is also involved in regulating the levels of key neurotransmitters (5-hydroxytryptamine, Dopamine and γ-aminobutyric acid) in depressive-like states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhentao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Dan Su
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Meixizi Lai
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yonggui Song
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Jiangxi Guxiang Jinyun Comprehensive Health Industry Co., Ltd., Nanchang, China
| | - Genhua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhifu Ai
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
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Bommaraju S, Dhokne MD, Arun EV, Srinivasan K, Sharma SS, Datusalia AK. An insight into crosstalk among multiple signalling pathways contributing to the pathophysiology of PTSD and depressive disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 131:110943. [PMID: 38228244 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive disorders represent two significant mental health challenges with substantial global prevalence. These are debilitating conditions characterized by persistent, often comorbid, symptoms that severely impact an individual's quality of life. Both PTSD and depressive disorders are often precipitated by exposure to traumatic events or chronic stress. The profound impact of PTSD and depressive disorders on individuals and society necessitates a comprehensive exploration of their shared and distinct pathophysiological features. Although the activation of the stress system is essential for maintaining homeostasis, the ability to recover from it after diminishing the threat stimulus is also equally important. However, little is known about the main reasons for individuals' differential susceptibility to external stressful stimuli. The solution to this question can be found by delving into the interplay of stress with the cognitive and emotional processing of traumatic incidents at the molecular level. Evidence suggests that dysregulation in these signalling cascades may contribute to the persistence and severity of PTSD and depressive symptoms. The treatment strategies available for this disorder are antidepressants, which have shown good efficiency in normalizing symptom severity; however, their efficacy is limited in most individuals. This calls for the exploration and development of innovative medications to address the treatment of PTSD. This review delves into the intricate crosstalk among multiple signalling pathways implicated in the development and manifestation of these mental health conditions. By unravelling the complexities of crosstalk among multiple signalling pathways, this review aims to contribute to the broader knowledge base, providing insights that could inform the development of targeted interventions for individuals grappling with the challenges of PTSD and depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumadhura Bommaraju
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh (UP) 226002, India
| | - Mrunali D Dhokne
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh (UP) 226002, India
| | - E V Arun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh (UP) 226002, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Srinivasan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Shyam Sunder Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Datusalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh (UP) 226002, India; Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh (UP) 226002, India.
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Nguyen QTN, Park J, Kim DY, Tran DT, Han IO. Forskolin rescues hypoxia-induced cognitive dysfunction in zebrafish with potential involvement of O-GlcNAc cycling regulation. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116032. [PMID: 38281601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Repeated sublethal hypoxia exposure induces brain inflammation and affects the initiation and progression of cognitive dysfunction. Experiments from the current study showed that hypoxic exposure downregulates PKA/CREB signaling, which is restored by forskolin (FSK), an adenylate cyclase activator, in both Neuro2a (N2a) cells and zebrafish brain. FSK significantly protected N2a cells from hypoxia-induced cell death and neurite shrinkage. Intraperitoneal administration of FSK for 5 days on zebrafish additionally led to significant recovery from hypoxia-induced social interaction impairment and learning and memory (L/M) deficit. FSK suppressed hypoxia-induced neuroinflammation, as indicated by the observed decrease in NF-κB activation and GFAP expression. We further investigated the potential effect of FSK on O-GlcNAcylation changes induced by hypoxia. Intriguingly FSK induced marked upregulation of the protein level of O-GlcNAc transferase catalyzing addition of the GlcNAc group to target proteins, accompanied by elevated O-GlcNAcylation of nucleocytoplasmic proteins. The hypoxia-induced O-GlcNAcylation decrease in the brain of zebrafish was considerably restored following FSK treatment. Based on the collective results, we propose that FSK rescues hypoxia-induced cognitive dysfunction, potentially through regulation of HBP/O-GlcNAc cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh T N Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Dong Yeol Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Duong T Tran
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Inn Oc Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea.
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Zhang H, Sun Y, Huang Z, Wu Z, Ying Y, Liu R, Lin J, Li C, Chen G. Jiawei-Xiaoyao pill elicits a rapid antidepressant effect, dependent on activating CaMKII/mTOR/BDNF signaling pathway in the hippocampus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:117016. [PMID: 37567427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jiawei-Xiaoyao pill (JWX), a traditional Chinese medicine, was recorded in ancient Chinese medicine pharmacopoeia using for treatment of various diseases, including mood disorders. Current mainstream antidepressants have a disadvantage in delayed onset of action. The rapid antidepressant potential of JWX and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to assess the rapid antidepressant potential of JWX, within the prescription dose range, and the distinct underlying neuroplasticity signaling mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rapid antidepressant response of JWX were determined using various behavioral paradigms, and in a corticosterone (CORT)-induced depression model in mice. The molecular neuroplasticity signaling and the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus was evaluated using immunoblotting and immunostaining. The contribution of specific signaling was investigated using pharmacological interventions. RESULTS A single dose of JWX induced rapid and persistent antidepressant effects in both the normal and chronic CORT-exposed mice. The phosphorylation of CaMKII, mTOR, ERK and the expressions of BDNF, synapsin1 and PSD95 increased at 30 min post JWX. JWX restored the expression of BDNF in the hippocampal dentate gyrus reduced by CORT-exposure. The rapid antidepressant effect and upregulation of BDNF expression by JWX was blunted by a mTOR antagonist, rapamycin, or a CaMKII antagonist, KN-93. CaMKII signaling blockade blunted mTOR signaling activated by JWX, but not vice versa. CONCLUSION JWX elicits a rapid antidepressant effect, via quickly stimulating CaMKII signaling, subsequently activating mTOR-BDNF signaling pathway, and thus enhancing hippocampal neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailou Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zihao Huang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhangjie Wu
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yin Ying
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ruiyi Liu
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Juan Lin
- Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Holdings Limited., Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain and Hutchison Whampoa Ltd., Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chuyuan Li
- Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Holdings Limited., Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain and Hutchison Whampoa Ltd., Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Ünal GÖ, Erkılınç G, Öztürk KH, Doguç DK, Özmen Ö. The beneficial effects of vortioxetine on BDNF, CREB, S100B, β amyloid, and glutamate NR2b receptors in chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:2499-2513. [PMID: 37555927 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06445-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression, one of the most significant mental disorders, is still poorly understood in terms of its pathogenetic mechanisms despite its well-recognized association with stress. OBJECTIVES The current study's goal was to ascertain how the novel antidepressant drug vortioxetine (VOR) affected the BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), S100, amyloid β (Aβ), CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein), and NR2B, as well as its impact on depression-like behaviors, and tissue damage in an experimental rodent model of depression caused by chronic unpredictable stress. METHODS We employed twenty-eight Wistar albino male rats, and we randomly divided them into four groups, each consisting of 7 rats: control, CUMS (chronic unpredictable mild stress), CUMS+vortioxetine (CUMS+VOR), and CUMS+fluoxetine (CUMS+FLU). Sucrose preference and forced swimming tests (SPT and FST, respectively), PCR, ELISA, and histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation were made on brains. RESULTS The behaviors of reduced immobility in the FST and increased sucrose preference were observed in the CUMS group and they improved in the groups treated with VOR and FLU. Compared with the control group, the group exposed to CUMS showed increased Aβ and decreased BDNF, CREB, and S-100 expressions, as well as neuronal degeneration (p<0.001). VOR and FLU treatment ameliorate the findings. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated significant ameliorative effects of VOR in an experimental model of chronic unpredictable depression to reduce brain tissue damage and depression-like behaviors in rats. Effects of CUMS on the brain and possible effects of VOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülin Özdamar Ünal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Gamze Erkılınç
- Department of Pathology, Urla State Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Kuyaş Hekimler Öztürk
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Duygu Kumbul Doguç
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Özlem Özmen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey.
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Ren L, Zhang H, Tao W, Xue W, Chen Y, Zou Z, Guo X, Shen Q, Wang W, Jiang H, Tang J, Feng Q, Chen G. Hippocampal pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide mediates rapid antidepressant-like effects of Yueju pill. Neuropeptides 2023; 101:102350. [PMID: 37285664 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Yueju pill, a classic Chinese Medicine formulated, was recently found to produce rapid antidepressant-like effects in a PKA-CREB signaling-dependent manner. In our study, we found that the Yueju pill induced a remarkable increase in PACAP. The intracerebroventricular injection of PACAP agonist induced a rapid antidepressant-like effect; conversely, the intrahippocampal infusion of a PACAP antagonist reversed the antidepressant response of the Yueju pill. Mice with hippocampal PACAP knockdown via viral-mediated RNAi displayed depression-like behavior. PACAP knockdown also blunted the antidepressant effect of the Yueju pill. PACAP knockdown resulted in down-regulated CREB and expression of the synaptic protein PSD95 at both baselines and after administration of the Yueju pill. However, administration of the Yueju pill in the knockdown mice promoted PACAP and PKA levels. Chronically stressed mice showed deficient hippocampal PACAP-PKA-CREB signaling and depression-like behavior, which were reversed by a single dose of the Yueju pill. In this study, we demonstrated that the up-regulation of PACAP induced activating of PKA-CREB signaling would play a part in the rapid antidepressant-like effects of the Yueju pill. We also identified iridoids fraction of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GJ-IF), a vital component of the Yueju pill, was identified to recapitulate rapid antidepressant-like behavior through increased hippocampal PACAP expression of the Yueju pill. The promotion of hippocampal PACAP may collectively represent a novel mechanism of rapid antidepressant-like effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ren
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Hailou Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders & School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weiwei Tao
- Basic Teaching and Research Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenda Xue
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Basic Teaching and Research Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhilu Zou
- Basic Teaching and Research Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qinqin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haitang Jiang
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Juanjuan Tang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Quansheng Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders & School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Gutiérrez-Casares JR, Segú-Vergés C, Sabate Chueca J, Pozo-Rubio T, Coma M, Montoto C, Quintero J. In silico evaluation of the role of lisdexamfetamine on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder common psychiatric comorbidities: mechanistic insights on binge eating disorder and depression. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1118253. [PMID: 37457000 PMCID: PMC10347683 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1118253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric condition well recognized in the pediatric population that can persist into adulthood. The vast majority of patients with ADHD present psychiatric comorbidities that have been suggested to share, to some extent, the pathophysiological mechanism of ADHD. Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) is a stimulant prodrug approved for treating ADHD and, in the US, also for binge eating disorder (BED). Herein, we evaluated, through a systems biology-based in silico method, the efficacy of a virtual model of LDX (vLDX) as ADHD treatment to improve five common ADHD psychiatric comorbidities in adults and children, and we explored the molecular mechanisms behind LDX's predicted efficacy. After the molecular characterization of vLDX and the comorbidities (anxiety, BED, bipolar disorder, depression, and tics disorder), we created a protein-protein interaction human network to which we applied artificial neural networks (ANN) algorithms. We also generated virtual populations of adults and children-adolescents totaling 2,600 individuals and obtained the predicted protein activity from Therapeutic Performance Mapping System models. The latter showed that ADHD molecular description shared 53% of its protein effectors with at least one studied psychiatric comorbidity. According to the ANN analysis, proteins targeted by vLDX are predicted to have a high probability of being related to BED and depression. In BED, vLDX was modeled to act upon neurotransmission and neuroplasticity regulators, and, in depression, vLDX regulated the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and glutamatergic excitotoxicity. In conclusion, our modeling results, despite their limitations and although requiring in vitro or in vivo validation, could supplement the design of preclinical and potentially clinical studies that investigate treatment for patients with ADHD with psychiatric comorbidities, especially from a molecular point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ramón Gutiérrez-Casares
- Unidad Ambulatoria de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental de la Infancia, Niñez y Adolescencia, Hospital Perpetuo Socorro, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Cristina Segú-Vergés
- Anaxomics Biotech, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Carmen Montoto
- Department of Medical, Takeda Farmacéutica España, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Quintero
- Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Departamento de Medicina Legal, Patología y Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Wang G, Yang H, Zuo W, Mei X. Antidepressant-like effect of acute dose of Naringin involves suppression of NR1 and activation of protein kinase A/cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein/brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in hippocampus. Behav Pharmacol 2023; 34:101-111. [PMID: 36503881 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Naringin (Nr) has been identified to have antidepressant-like effects through repeated treatment. However, the underlying mechanism of the rapid antidepressant-like effects of Nr was still unclear. The present study used behavioral tests, classic depressive model and pharmacological methods to reveal the rapid antidepressant-like potential of Nr. We found that a single dose of Nr (20 mg/kg) produced antidepressant-like action after 2 h in the tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST). Moreover, ketamine-like effects were also demonstrated by using the chronic mild stress model (CMS) and learned helplessness (LH), and the results showed that Nr reversed all behavioral defects, TST, FST, source preference test (SPT) in CMS, and LH testing, TST, FST in LH model, at 2 h after a single administration. In addition, Nr (20 mg/kg) could improve the abnormal expressions of NMDA receptor NR1 and PKA/CREB/BDNF pathway in hippocampus 2 h after a single administration in CMS mice. Further investigation revealed that activation of NMDA receptors by NMDA (750 mg/kg) could block the antidepressant effects of acute administration of Nr (20 mg/kg). However, the inhibition of NMDA receptors by MK-801 (0.05 mg/kg) promoted the subdose of Nr (10 mg/kg) to have antidepressant effect, which was similar to the effective dose Nr (20 mg/kg). Taken together, acute dose of Nr produces rapid antidepressant-like action, and the underlying mechanism could be through inhibiting NMDA receptors in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Wang
- Department of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Haixia Yang
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenren Zuo
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Mei
- Department of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
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10
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Ebrahimi P, Seyedmirzaei H, Moradi K, Bagheri S, Moeini M, Mohammadi MR, Akhondzadeh S. Cilostazol as adjunctive therapy in treatment of children with autism spectrum disorders: a double-blind and placebo-controlled randomized trial. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2023; 38:89-95. [PMID: 36165508 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate cilostazol therapeutic effects on aberrant behaviors of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children and its safety profile in a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Sixty-six children with confirmed ASD were allocated to receive either daily 50-mg cilostazol (increased to 100 mg/day after 2 weeks) or matched placebo in addition to risperidone. The Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community Edition (ABC-C) scale and a checklist of probable adverse effects were used to assess the behavioral outcomes and safety profile at weeks 0, 5, and 10 of the study. Sixty-one participants, with comparable baseline characteristics, completed the trial. Unlike other ABC-C subscales, repeated-measures analysis showed significant effect for time × treatment interaction in the hyperactivity subscale ( P = 0.047; partial eta squared = 0.06). We used the median value for the baseline score hyperactivity subscale [median (interquartile range) = 31 (24-37)] to stratify participants to higher hyperactivity and lower hyperactivity subgroups and found that only participants with higher hyperactivity benefit from cilostazol adjunctive therapy ( P = 0.028; partial eta squared = 0.14). Cilostazol could be considered as a safe agent with beneficial effects on hyperactivity in children with ASD and higher levels of hyperactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parnia Ebrahimi
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Homa Seyedmirzaei
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (INRP), Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Kamyar Moradi
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Sayna Bagheri
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mahdi Moeini
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Mohammadi
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Shahin Akhondzadeh
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
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11
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Tian Y, Li M, Zhang S, Hu J, Wu H, Wan M, Xue J, Wang L, Xiao H, Zhou G, Wang K, Liu Q. Microglia activation in the hippocampus mediates retinal degeneration-induced depressive-like behaviors via the NLRP3/IL-1β pathway. Brain Res Bull 2023; 192:70-79. [PMID: 36332880 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that patients with glaucoma are more prone to depression, but the mechanism of comorbid depression in patients with glaucoma remains unknown. Excessive neuroinflammation has been shown to participate in glaucoma-induced retinal degeneration and hippocampal neural apoptosis in depression. However, little research has been conducted to determine whether neuroinflammation contributes to glaucoma-induced depression. Since the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells is a hallmark of glaucoma, we investigated the role of microglia-induced neuroinflammation in retinal degeneration-induced depression and its potential mechanism. An N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced retinal degeneration model was established, and behavioral tests were conducted at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after retinal degeneration. After tissue collection, we used immunohistochemistry to assess the activation of microglia and real-time polymerase chain reaction to measure the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin-domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The mice exhibited depressive-like behaviors 14 and 21 days after retinal degeneration, based on the open field test, tail suspension test, and forced swimming test. Mice also displayed a lower body weight gain than the control group. In addition, microglial activation was observed in the hippocampus. Microglial proliferation was first observed in the dentate gyrus on day 3, while the number of microglia in cornu ammonis 1 grew the most. Moreover, not only was the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-18, and interleukin-6 promoted, but the messenger ribonucleic acid levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome were also increased. In conclusion, our research shows that NMDA-induced retinal degeneration can induce depressive-like behaviors, which may be attributed to hippocampal neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tian
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Meihui Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Juntao Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haoran Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mitchell Wan
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingxin Xue
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Leilei Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Honglei Xiao
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guomin Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention of Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kaidi Wang
- Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Qiong Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention of Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Han Y, Gu S, Li Y, Qian X, Wang F, Huang JH. Neuroendocrine pathogenesis of perimenopausal depression. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1162501. [PMID: 37065890 PMCID: PMC10098367 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1162501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
With the development of social economics and the increase of working pressure, more and more women are suffering from long-term serious stress and showing symptoms of perimenopausal depression (PMD). The incidence rate of PMD is increasing, and the physical and mental health are seriously affected. However, due to the lack of accurate knowledge of pathophysiology, its diagnosis and treatment cannot be accurately executed. By consulting the relevant literature in recent years, this paper elaborates the neuroendocrine mechanism of perimenopausal depression from the aspects of epigenetic changes, monoamine neurotransmitter and receptor hypothesis, glial cell-induced neuroinflammation, estrogen receptor, interaction between HPA axis and HPG axis, and micro-organism-brain gut axis. The purpose is to probe into new ways of treatment of PMD by providing new knowledge about the neuroendocrine mechanism and treatment of PMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Han
- Department of Psychology, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Simeng Gu
- Department of Psychology, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Simeng Gu,
| | - Yumeng Li
- Department of Psychology, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xin Qian
- Department of Psychology, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fushun Wang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jason H. Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, TX, United States
- Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University, Temple, TX, United States
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13
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Gurung P, Shrestha R, Lim J, Thapa Magar TB, Kim HH, Kim YW. Euonymus alatus Twig Extract Protects against Scopolamine-Induced Changes in Brain and Brain-Derived Cells via Cholinergic and BDNF Pathways. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010128. [PMID: 36615789 PMCID: PMC9823662 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the therapeutic and preventive effects of Euonymus alatus (EA) twig extract were investigated in a mouse model of cognitive deficit and B35 cells. Twig extract 1 was extracted with 70% ethanol and later twig extract 2 was extracted through liquid-liquid extraction with 70% ethanol and hexane. EA twig 2 (300 mg/kg) along with the standard drug donepezil (5 mg/kg) were orally administered to the mice for 34 days. Scopolamine was given intraperitoneally for 7 days. Administration of EA twig extract 2 significantly improved the passive avoidance test (PAT) in mice. EA twigs extract also restored the scopolamine-reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)/cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) signaling in B35 cells and the mouse hippocampus. In addition, EA twig extract significantly inhibited the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity in B35 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Chromatography and ESI MS analysis of EA twig extract revealed the presence of flavonoids; epicatechin, taxifolin, aromadendrin, and naringenin with catechin being the most abundant. These flavonoids exerted protective effects alone and had the possibility of synergistic effects in combination. Our work unmasks the ameliorating effect of EA twig extract 2 on scopolamine-associated cognitive impairments through the restoration of cholinergic systems and the BDNF/ERK/CREB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Gurung
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajeev Shrestha
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Junmo Lim
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Han-Hyuk Kim
- Medical Convergence Textile Center, Gyeongbuk Technopark, Gyeongsan 38412, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Wan Kim
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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14
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Chronotherapeutic neuroprotective effect of verapamil against lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in mice through modulation of calcium-dependent genes. Mol Med 2022; 28:139. [DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00564-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Neuroinflammation is a major mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is a major healthcare problem. Notwithstanding of ample researches figured out possible molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of AD, there is no definitive therapeutics that aid in neuroprotection. Therefore, searching for new agents and potential targets is a critical demand. We aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of verapamil (VRP) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation in mice and whether the time of VRP administration could affect its efficacy.
Methods
Forty male albino mice were used and were divided into normal control, LPS only, morning VRP, and evening VRP. Y-maze and pole climbing test were performed as behavioral tests. Hematoxylin and eosin together with Bielschowsky silver staining were done to visualize neuroinflammation and phosphorylated tau protein (pTAU); respectively. Additionally, the state of mitochondria, the levels of microglia-activation markers, inflammatory cytokines, intracellular Ca2+, pTAU, and Ca2+-dependent genes involving Ca2+/ calmodulin dependent kinase II (CAMKII) isoforms, protein kinase A (PKA), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), with the level of VRP in the brain tissue were measured.
Results
LPS successfully induced neuroinflammation and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, which was indicated by elevated levels of microglia markers, inflammatory cytokines, and intracellular Ca2+ with compromised mitochondria and downregulated CAMKII isoforms, PKA, CREB and BDNF. Pretreatment with VRP showed significant enhancement in the architecture of the brain and in the behavioral tests as indicated by the measured parameters. Moreover, morning VRP exhibited better neuroprotective profile compared to the evening therapy.
Conclusions
VRP highlighted a multilevel of neuroprotection through anti-inflammatory activity, Ca2+ blockage, and regulation of Ca2+-dependent genes. Furthermore, chronotherapy of VRP administration should be consider to achieve best therapeutic efficacy.
Graphical Abstract
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15
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Abd Elrahim Abd Elkader HT, Essawy AE, Al-Shami AS. Astragalus species: Phytochemistry, biological actions and molecular mechanisms underlying their potential neuroprotective effects on neurological diseases. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 202:113293. [PMID: 35780924 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illnesses are prevalent and life-threatening disorders characterized by a wide range of clinical syndromes and comorbidities, all of which have complex origins and share common molecular pathomechanisms. Although the pathophysiology of neurological illnesses is not completely understood, researchers have discovered that several ion channels and signalling pathways may have played a role in disease pathogenesis. Active substances from Astragalus sp. are being employed for nutrition, and their usefulness in the treatment of neurological illnesses is receiving more attention. Because their extracts and active components exert different pharmacological effects on a variety of ailments, they have a long history of usage as a cure for various diseases. This review summarizes the research work on Astragalus and their biologically active constituents as potential candidates for the protection against and treatment of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders to show the potential efficacy of Astragalus sp. and its active ingredients in treating some neurological diseases. Simultaneously, the chemical structures of these active compounds, their sources, biological properties, and mechanisms are also listed. In ethnopharmacological applications, Astragalus membranaceus and spinosus have been studied as traditional medicines worldwide. The chemical constituents of Astragalus species mainly comprise terpenoids, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. The extracts and phytochemical compounds of Astragalus species exhibit various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antitumor, anticonvulsive, immunomodulatory, and other activities. Based on the current literature, we conclude that Astragalus is a promising dietary herb with multiple potential signal modulating applications that mainly include the modulation of neurotransmitters and receptors, anti-inflammatory activities, inhibition of amyloid aggregation, induction of myelin sheath repair and neurogenesis, as well as activation of the signalling pathways relevant to neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amina E Essawy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Al-Shami
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Biotechnology Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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16
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Tang D, Liang Q, Zhang M, Li M, Zhang Q, Zhang S, Ai L, Wu C. Anti-depression effectiveness of essential oil from the fruits of Zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim. on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression behavior in mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:999962. [PMID: 36204228 PMCID: PMC9530639 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.999962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruits of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. Was a popular traditional Chinese herbal medicine for pain relief, itching prevention, and diarrhea relief. The fruits of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. Essential oil (HEO) had an effect of improving anxiety and other emotional disorders. In this paper, we aim to systematically research the antidepressant effects of HEO on Chronic Mild Unpredictable Stimulation (CUMS) mice and explore the relevant molecular mechanisms. Experimental mice were exposed to CUMS for 8 weeks. Meanwhile, for 8 weeks, Sertraline hydrochloride (20 mg/kg/day) and HEO (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg/day) were administered by gavage. HEO treatment increased residence time of central zone in OFT and open-arm in EPM test but decreased immobility times in FST and TST. Moreover, HEO treatment improved the levels of 5-HT, DA, NE, and BDNF, but reduced CRF and CORT levels of the HPA axis in the hippocampus. Network pharmacology predicted the possible mechanisms for the antidepressant effects of HEO by regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The mRNA expression of PI3K and Akt were increased, and immunofluorescence results in the hippocampus indicated that HEO treatment could increase the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt. Besides, the viability of CORT-treated PC12 cells was significantly improved by HEO treatment. The AO-EB staining, MOMP analysis, and flow cytometry analysis results showed HEO inhibiting the CORT-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells significantly. Besides, the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt in COTR-induced PC12 cells could increase by HEO treatment. In conclusion, HEO ameliorated depression behavior induced by CUMS, potentially via regulating HPA axis and activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to reduce neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Tang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Qi Liang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Meiyan Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine/Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-Origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Ai
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Li Ai, ; Chunjie Wu,
| | - Chunjie Wu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Li Ai, ; Chunjie Wu,
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Marrero-Cristobal G, Gelpi-Dominguez U, Morales-Silva R, Alvarado-Torres J, Perez-Torres J, Perez-Perez Y, Sepulveda-Orengo M. Aerobic exercise as a promising nonpharmacological therapy for the treatment of substance use disorders. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:1602-1642. [PMID: 34850988 PMCID: PMC9156662 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the prevalence and public health impact of substance use disorders (SUDs), effective long-term treatments remain elusive. Aerobic exercise is a promising, nonpharmacological treatment currently under investigation as a strategy for preventing drug relapse. Aerobic exercise could be incorporated into the comprehensive treatment regimens for people with substance abuse disorders. Preclinical studies of SUD with animal models have shown that aerobic exercise diminishes drug-seeking behavior, which leads to relapse, in both male and female rats. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the effects of substance abuse-induced cellular and physiological adaptations believed to be responsible for drug-seeking behavior. Accordingly, the overall goal of this review is to provide a summary and an assessment of findings to date, highlighting evidence of the molecular and neurological effects of exercise on adaptations associated with SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ursula Gelpi-Dominguez
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Roberto Morales-Silva
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - John Alvarado-Torres
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Joshua Perez-Torres
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Yobet Perez-Perez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Marian Sepulveda-Orengo
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
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18
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Gao F, Yang S, Wang J, Zhu G. cAMP-PKA cascade: An outdated topic for depression? Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113030. [PMID: 35486973 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent depressed mood and causes serious socioeconomic burden worldwide. Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, deficiency of monoamine transmitters, neuroinflammation and abnormalities of the gut flora are strongly associated with the onset of depression. The cyclic AMP (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) cascade, a major cross-species cellular signaling pathway, is supposed as important player and regulator of depression onset by controlling synaptic plasticity, cytokinesis, transcriptional regulation and HPA axis. In the central nervous system, the cAMP-PKA cascade can dynamically shape neural circuits by enhancing synaptic plasticity, and affect K+ channels by phosphorylating Kir4.1, thereby regulating neuronal excitation. The reduction of cAMP-PKA cascade affects neuronal excitation as well as synaptic plasticity, ultimately leading to pathological outcome of depression, while activation of cAMP-PKA cascade would provide a rapid antidepressant effect. In this review, we proposed to reconsider the function of cAMP-PKA cascade, especially in the rapid antidepressant effect. Local activation or indirect activation of PKA through adjusting anchor proteins would provide new idea for acute treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Shaojie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
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Yoo HS, Shanmugalingam U, Smith PD. Potential roles of branched-chain amino acids in neurodegeneration. Nutrition 2022; 103-104:111762. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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20
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Zhang H, Sun Y, Yau SY, Zhou Y, Song X, Zhang HT, Zhu B, Wu H, Chen G. Synergistic effects of two natural compounds of iridoids on rapid antidepressant action by up-regulating hippocampal PACAP signaling. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:4078-4091. [PMID: 35362097 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Current mainstream antidepressants have limited efficacy and a delayed onset of action. Yueju is a traditional herbal medicine conferring rapid antidepressant activity. Here we attempted to identify the effective compounds from Yueju and the underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A transcriptomic analysis was employed to discover key candidate molecules for rapid antidepressant response. The enriched compounds in Yueju were identified with HPLC. Antidepressant effects were evaluated periodically using various behavioral paradigms. The mechanistic signaling was assessed using site-directed pharmacological intervention or optogenetic manipulation. KEY RESULTS A transcriptomic analysis revealed that Yueju up-regulated pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) expression in the hippocampus. Two iridoids geniposide (GP) and shanzhiside methyl-ester (SM) were enriched in Yueju. Co-treatment of GP and SM each at an equivalent dose in Yueju synergistically increased PACAP expression and elicited rapid antidepressant effects, which were prevented by intra-hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) infusions of a PACAP antagonist or optogenetic inactivation of PACAP-expressing neurons. GP-SM co-treatment rapidly reduced CaMKII phosphorylation and enhanced mTOR/4EBP1/P70S6k/BDNF signaling, while intra-DG infusions of a CaMKII activator blunted rapid antidepressant effects and BDNF expression up-regulation induced by GP-SM co-treatment. A single administration of GP-SM rapidly improved depression-like behaviors and up-regulated hippocampal PACAP signaling in the repeated corticosterone-induced depression model, further confirming its rapid antidepressant action and the involvement of PACAP. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS GP-SM co-treatment elicited a synergistic effect on rapid antidepressant effects via triggering hippocampal PACAP activity and associated CaMKII-BDNF signaling, shedding lights on the development of novel targeted antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailou Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders & School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neurogeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders & School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Suk-Yu Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanmeng Zhou
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, China
| | - Xinxin Song
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, China
| | - Han-Ting Zhang
- Departments of Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine & Psychiatry, the Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Boran Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoxin Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders & School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neurogeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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21
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Zou Z, Huang J, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Xu B, Wang P, Chen G. Repeated Yueju, But Not Fluoxetine, Induced Sustained Antidepressant Activity in a Mouse Model of Chronic Learned Helplessness: Involvement of CaMKII Signaling in the Hippocampus. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:1442578. [PMID: 35251201 PMCID: PMC8894000 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1442578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression is characterized with long disease length, whereas one major disadvantage of current mainstream treatment of depression is a high rate of relapse and recurrence. A sustained antidepressant activity is proposed to facilitate the prevention of relapse/recurrence. Here we compared the long-term antidepressant effect of Yueju, a traditional Chinese medicine formula, and a conventional antidepressant, fluoxetine, as well as revealing the underlying mechanism of long-term antidepressant effect of Yueju. METHODS Clinical long-term depression condition was modelled by using chronic learned helplessness (cLH) protocol in ICR strain mice. The short-term and long-term antidepressant effects of drugs were assessed with learned helplessness (LH), tail suspension test (TST), forced swim test (FST), and novelty-suppressed feeding (NSF) test. The expression of PKA, CaMKII signaling, and NR1, the NMDA receptor subunit, in hippocampus was determined. A CaMKII inhibitor (KN-62) was used to assess the role of CaMKII signaling in antidepressant effects of Yueju or fluoxetine. RESULTS In the mice exposed to chronic learned helplessness (cLH) procedure, administration of Yueju or fluoxetine for 3 weeks elicited comparable antidepressant effects, indicated by learned helplessness test, as well as TST and NSF. However, 5 days after termination of the 3-week-long drug administration, only mice previously treated with Yueju still showed the alleviation of depressive-like behaviors. At this time, the downregulation of PKA and p-CaMKII/CaMKII and upregulation of NMDA receptor subunit NR1 in the hippocampus were normalized in animals previously treated with Yueju. In contrast, none of the expressions of these proteins were changed in mice previously treated with fluoxetine. Interestingly, an administration of KN-62 blunted the antidepressant effect of Yueju. CONCLUSION These findings showed the sustained antidepressant efficacy of chronic treatment with routine dose of Yueju and the CaMKII signaling activation may play a critical role in the sustained antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilu Zou
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neurodegeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jiaru Huang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Center for Translational Systems Biology and Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Center for Translational Systems Biology and Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bo Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neurodegeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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22
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Glavonic E, Mitic M, Adzic M. Hallucinogenic drugs and their potential for treating fear-related disorders: Through the lens of fear extinction. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:947-969. [PMID: 35165930 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fear-related disorders, mainly phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder, are highly prevalent, debilitating disorders that pose a significant public health problem. They are characterized by aberrant processing of aversive experiences and dysregulated fear extinction, leading to excessive expression of fear and diminished quality of life. The gold standard for treating fear-related disorders is extinction-based exposure therapy (ET), shown to be ineffective for up to 35% of subjects. Moreover, ET combined with traditional pharmacological treatments for fear-related disorders, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, offers no further advantage to patients. This prompted the search for ways to improve ET outcomes, with current research focused on pharmacological agents that can augment ET by strengthening fear extinction learning. Hallucinogenic drugs promote reprocessing of fear-imbued memories and induce positive mood and openness, relieving anxiety and enabling the necessary emotional engagement during psychotherapeutic interventions. Mechanistically, hallucinogens induce dynamic structural and functional neuroplastic changes across the fear extinction circuitry and temper amygdala's hyperreactivity to threat-related stimuli, effectively mitigating one of the hallmarks of fear-related disorders. This paper provides the first comprehensive review of hallucinogens' potential to alleviate symptoms of fear-related disorders by focusing on their effects on fear extinction and the underlying molecular mechanisms. We overview both preclinical and clinical studies and emphasize the advantages of hallucinogenic drugs over current first-line treatments. We highlight 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and ketamine as the most effective therapeutics for fear-related disorders and discuss the potential molecular mechanisms responsible for their potency with implications for improving hallucinogen-assisted psychotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilija Glavonic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milos Mitic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Adzic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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23
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Lichlyter DA, Krumm ZA, Golde TA, Doré S. Role of CRF and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in stroke: revisiting temporal considerations and targeting a new generation of therapeutics. FEBS J 2022; 290:1986-2010. [PMID: 35108458 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischaemic neurovascular stroke represents a leading cause of death in the developed world. Preclinical and human epidemiological evidence implicates the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family of neuropeptides as mediators of acute neurovascular injury pathology. Preclinical investigations of the role of CRF, CRF receptors and CRF-dependent activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis have pointed toward a tissue-specific and temporal relationship between activation of these pathways and physiological outcomes. Based on the literature, the major phases of ischaemic stroke aetiology may be separated into an acute phase in which CRF and anti-inflammatory stress signalling are beneficial and a chronic phase in which these contribute to neural degeneration, toxicity and apoptotic signalling. Significant gaps in knowledge remain regarding the pathway, temporality and systemic impact of CRF signalling and stress biology in neurovascular injury progression. Heterogeneity among experimental designs poses a challenge to defining the apparent reciprocal relationship between neurological injury and stress metabolism. Despite these challenges, it is our opinion that the elucidated temporality may be best matched with an antibody against CRF with a half-life of days to weeks as opposed to minutes to hours as with small-molecule CRF receptor antagonists. This state-of-the-art review will take a multipronged approach to explore the expected potential benefit of a CRF antibody by modulating CRF and corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 signalling, glucocorticoids and autonomic nervous system activity. Additionally, this review compares the modulation of CRF and HPA axis activity in neuropsychiatric diseases and their counterpart outcomes post-stroke and assess lessons learned from antibody therapies in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Lichlyter
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zachary A Krumm
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Todd A Golde
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sylvain Doré
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Pharmaceutics, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
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24
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Shi Y, Chen M, Zhao Z, Pan J, Huang S. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analyses of Mechanisms Underlying Effects of the Cyperi Rhizoma- Chuanxiong Rhizoma Herb Pair on Depression. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:5704578. [PMID: 34976096 PMCID: PMC8716227 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5704578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of the Cyperi Rhizoma-Chuanxiong Rhizoma herb pair (CCHP) against depression using a network pharmacology approach. METHODS A network pharmacology approach, including screening of active compounds, target prediction, construction of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses, and molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MMPBSA), were used to explore the mechanisms of CCHP against depression. RESULTS Twenty-six active compounds and 315 and 207 targets of CCHP and depression, respectively, were identified. The PPI network suggested that AKT1, IL-6, TP53, DRD2, MAPK1, NR3C1, TNF, etc., were core targets. GO enrichment analyses showed that positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, plasma membrane, and protein binding were of great significance. Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, dopaminergic synapse, and mTOR signaling pathway were important pathways. Molecular docking results revealed good binding affinities for the core compounds and core targets. MD simulations and MMPBSA validated that quercetin can stably bind to 6hhi. CONCLUSIONS The effects of CCHP against depression involve multiple components, targets, and pathways, and these findings will promote further research on and clinical application of CCHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Shi
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Mingqi Chen
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zehua Zhao
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Juhua Pan
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shijing Huang
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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Sisakht M, Khoshdel Z, Mahmoodazdeh A, Shafiee SM, Takhshid MA. Adrenomedullin increases cAMP accumulation and BDNF expression in rat DRG and spinal motor neurons. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:978-985. [PMID: 34712429 PMCID: PMC8528252 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.54796.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Adrenomedullin (AM) has high expression in the spinal cord. In this study, we investigated the expression of AM and its receptor components, including calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) and receptor activity modifying proteins (RAMPs) in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal motor (SM) neurons. Furthermore, the effects of AM on cAMP/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), AKT/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) signaling pathways, and expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) were evaluated. Materials and Methods Rat embryonic DRG and SM neurons were isolated, purified, and cultured. Real-time PCR was used to assess expressions of AM, CLR, and RAMPs. cAMP levels, p-CREB, BDNF, and NT-3 were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. p-AKT and p-GSK-3β levels were determined by western blotting. Real-time PCR showed expressions of AM, CLR, RAMP2, and RAMP3 in both DRG and SM neurons. Results AM increased cAMP accumulation and p-CREB levels in DRG and SM neurons. AM increased p-AKT and p-GSK-3β in DRG, but not SM neurons. AM significantly increased BDNF expression in both DRG and SM neurons. There was also an increase in NT-3 level in both DRG and SM neurons, which is statistically significant in SM neurons. Conclusion These results showed both DRG and SM neurons are targets of AM actions in the spinal cord. An increase in BDNF expression by AM in both DRG and SM neurons suggests the possible beneficial role of AM in protecting, survival, and regeneration of sensory and motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Sisakht
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Khoshdel
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Mahmoodazdeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sayed Mohammad Shafiee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Takhshid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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26
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Lu C, Liu X, Li J, Huang Y, Huang X, Dai G, Wu L. Merazin Hydrate Produces Rapid Antidepressant Effects Depending on Activating mTOR Signaling by Upregulating Downstream Synaptic Proteins in the Hippocampus. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3939-3946. [PMID: 34601865 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder has become an increasingly serious disease in the world. However, convenient antidepressants have low efficacy and slow onset defects, which is dangerous for suicidal tendency patients. Nowadays, rapid antidepressant research has become the focus. Merazin hydrate (MH), a component of the natural herb Fructus Aurantii, has been shown to produce rapid antidepressant-like effects in animal models. However, the mechanism of its rapid antidepressant-like effects was still elusive like that of ketamine. The study aimed to reveal the relationship between the rapid antidepressant-like effects of MH and mTOR signaling, which is closely related to rapid antidepressants. The results showed that a single administration of MH was capable of reversing the behavioral defects at 2 h in two classic depressive models including learned helplessness (LH) and chronic mild stress (CMS). Moreover, the phosphorylated expression of mTOR, reduced by LH or CMS, was upregulated after a single administration of MH, and the expressions of BDNF and synaptic proteins in the hippocampus were also reversed 2 h later, similar to ketamine. Moreover, LH increased the expressions of eNOS, IL-10, and TNF-α in serum, which were all reversed by a single dose of MH at 2 h, similar to ketamine. Furthermore, we used rapamycin, an antagonist of mTOR, to confirm whether the rapid antidepressant-like effects of MH depend on mTOR or not. We found that inhibiting the activation of mTOR blocked the rapid antidepressant-like effects of MH, which also inhibited the upregulation of expressions of BDNF and PSD95. To sum up, the rapid antidepressant effect of MH depended on the activation of mTOR to regulate downstream BNDF and synaptic protein expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Xiangfei Liu
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yunke Huang
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
- Master Degree Candidate at Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fudan University Medical School, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Xi Huang
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Guoliang Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
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27
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Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1): Potential application in mood disorders: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:192-210. [PMID: 34537265 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for innovation with respect to therapeutics in psychiatry. Available evidence indicates that the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist SEP-363856 is promising, as it improves measures of cognitive and reward function in schizophrenia. Hedonic and cognitive impairments are transdiagnostic and constitute major burdens in mood disorders. Herein, we systematically review the behavioural and genetic literature documenting the role of TAAR1 in reward and cognitive function, and propose a mechanistic model of TAAR1's functions in the brain. Notably, TAAR1 activity confers antidepressant-like effects, enhances attention and response inhibition, and reduces compulsive reward seeking without impairing normal function. Further characterization of the responsible mechanisms suggests ion-homeostatic, metabolic, neurotrophic, and anti-inflammatory enhancements in the limbic system. Multiple lines of evidence establish the viability of TAAR1 as a biological target for the treatment of mood disorders. Furthermore, the evidence suggests a role for TAAR1 in reward and cognitive function, which is attributed to a cascade of events that are relevant to the cellular integrity and function of the central nervous system.
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28
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Sun Y, Zhang H, Wu Z, Yu X, Yin Y, Qian S, Wang Z, Huang J, Wang W, Liu T, Xue W, Chen G. Quercitrin Rapidly Alleviated Depression-like Behaviors in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Mice: The Involvement of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB Signaling Suppression and CREB/BDNF Signaling Restoration in the Hippocampus. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3387-3396. [PMID: 34469122 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercitrin (Qc) is a well-known flavonoid compound that exerts anti-inflammation effects on various diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the antidepressant-like response of Qc and its underlying mechanisms concerning neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity in mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression-like behaviors. The results showed a single dose of Qc (10 mg/kg) produced an antidepressant-like effect at 2 h postadministration and lasted for at least 3 days. The expressions of neuroplasticity signaling molecules of pCREB/BDNF/PSD95/Synapsin1 were upregulated at 2 h, and ERK signaling was upregulated for 3 days in the hippocampus after a single administration of Oc or ketamine. A 5-day treatment of LPS led to depression-like behaviors, including reduced sucrose preference and increased immobility in the tail suspension test or forced swim test, which were all reversed by a single dose of Qc. In LPS-treated mice, Qc reduced the levels of inflammation-related factors including IL-10, IL-1β, and TNF-α in serum, as well as the activations of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB and MEK/ERK pathways in the hippocampus. Moreover, Qc restored the expressions of pCREB/BDNF/PSD95/Synapsin1 signaling in the hippocampus that were impaired by LPS. LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, but not PD98059, a MEK inhibitor, produced effects similar to Qc. LY294002 also restored the expressions of pCREB/BDNF/PSD95/Synapsin1 signaling in the hippocampus impaired by LPS. Additionally, subeffective doses of Qc and LY294002 induced behavioral and molecular synergism. Together, the depression-like behaviors in LPS-treated mice were alleviated by a single dose of Qc likely via inhibition of the activations PI3K/AKT/NF-κB inflammation signaling and subsequent improvement of neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hailou Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhangjie Wu
- Center for Translational Systems Biology and Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinlang Yu
- Center for Translational Systems Biology and Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Center for Translational Systems Biology and Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shiyu Qian
- Center for Translational Systems Biology and Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ziying Wang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiaru Huang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Translational Systems Biology and Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Center for Translational Systems Biology and Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenda Xue
- Center for Translational Systems Biology and Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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29
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Yu JZ, Wang J, Sheridan SD, Perlis RH, Rasenick MM. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids promote astrocyte differentiation and neurotrophin production independent of cAMP in patient-derived neural stem cells. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4605-4615. [PMID: 32504049 PMCID: PMC10034857 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0786-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from epidemiological and laboratory studies, as well as randomized placebo-controlled trials, suggests supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may be efficacious for treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). The mechanisms underlying n-3 PUFAs potential therapeutic properties remain unknown. There are suggestions in the literature that glial hypofunction is associated with depressive symptoms and that antidepressants may normalize glial function. In this study, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived neuronal stem cell lines were generated from individuals with MDD. Astrocytes differentiated from patient-derived neuronal stem cells (iNSCs) were verified by GFAP. Cells were treated with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or stearic acid (SA). During astrocyte differentiation, we found that n-3 PUFAs increased GFAP expression and GFAP positive cell formation. BDNF and GDNF production were increased in the astrocytes derived from patients subsequent to n-3 PUFA treatment. Stearic Acid (SA) treatment did not have this effect. CREB activity (phosphorylated CREB) was also increased by DHA and EPA but not by SA. Furthermore, when these astrocytes were treated with n-3 PUFAs, the cAMP antagonist, RP-cAMPs did not block n-3 PUFA CREB activation. However, the CREB specific inhibitor (666-15) diminished BDNF and GDNF production induced by n-3 PUFA, suggesting CREB dependence. Together, these results suggested that n-3 PUFAs facilitate astrocyte differentiation, and may mimic effects of some antidepressants by increasing production of neurotrophic factors. The CREB-dependence and cAMP independence of this process suggests a manner in which n-3 PUFA could augment antidepressant effects. These data also suggest a role for astrocytes in both MDD and antidepressant action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Zhou Yu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Jennifer Wang
- Center for Experimental Drugs and Diagnostics and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Steven D Sheridan
- Center for Experimental Drugs and Diagnostics and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Roy H Perlis
- Center for Experimental Drugs and Diagnostics and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Division of Clinical Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02114, USA
| | - Mark M Rasenick
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Pax Neuroscience, Glenview, IL, 60025, USA.
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Sluter MN, Hou R, Li L, Yasmen N, Yu Y, Liu J, Jiang J. EP2 Antagonists (2011-2021): A Decade's Journey from Discovery to Therapeutics. J Med Chem 2021; 64:11816-11836. [PMID: 34352171 PMCID: PMC8455147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the wake of health disasters associated with the chronic use of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor drugs, it has been widely proposed that modulation of downstream prostanoid synthases or receptors might provide more specificity than simply shutting down the entire COX cascade for anti-inflammatory benefits. The pathogenic actions of COX-2 have long been thought attributable to the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signaling through its Gαs-coupled EP2 receptor subtype; however, the truly selective EP2 antagonists did not emerge until 2011. These small molecules provide game-changing tools to better understand the EP2 receptor in inflammation-associated conditions. Their applications in preclinical models also reshape our knowledge of PGE2/EP2 signaling as a node of inflammation in health and disease. As we celebrate the 10-year anniversary of this breakthrough, the exploration of their potential as drug candidates for next-generation anti-inflammatory therapies has just begun. The first decade of EP2 antagonists passes, while their future looks brighter than ever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison N Sluter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Ruida Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Lexiao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Nelufar Yasmen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Jiawang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- Medicinal Chemistry Core, Office of Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Jianxiong Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
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31
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Yu Y, Song H, Liu J, Wang P, Wang C. Efficiency and safety of yueju antidepressant for primary depression patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Herb Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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32
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Merging the Multi-Target Effects of Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula in Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Depression. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14070659. [PMID: 34358084 PMCID: PMC8308724 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and debilitating psychiatric disease characterized by persistent low mood, lack of energy, hypoactivity, anhedonia, decreased libido, and impaired cognitive and social functions. However, the multifactorial etiology of MDD remains largely unknown due the complex interaction between genetics and environment involved. Kleeb Bua Daeng (KBD) is a Thai traditional herbal formula that has been used to promote brain health. It consists of a 1:1:1 ratio of the aerial part of Centella asiatica, Piper nigrum fruit, and the petals of Nelumbo nucifera. According to the pharmacological activities of the individual medicinal plants, KBD has good potential as a treatment for MDD. The present study investigated the antidepressant activity of KBD in an unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mouse model. Daily administration of KBD to UCMS mice ameliorated both anhedonia, by increasing 2% sucrose intake, and hopeless behavior, by reducing immobility times in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) without any effect on locomotor activity. The mechanism of KBD activity was multi-modal. KBD promoted neurogenesis by upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cyclic AMP-responsive element binding (CREB) mRNA expression in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Daily treatment with KBD significantly reversed UCMS-induced HPA axis dysregulation by upregulating the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) while downregulating serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) and FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) mRNA expression. KBD treatment also normalized proinflammatory cytokine expression including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. KBD and its component extracts also exhibited an inhibitory effect in vitro on monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B. The multiple antidepressant actions of KBD emphasize its potential as an effective, novel treatment for MDD.
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Yin Y, Qian S, Chen Y, Sun Y, Li Y, Yu Y, Li J, Wu Z, Yu X, Ge R, Han J, Sun D, Wu H, Liu L, Xue W, Wang W. Latent Sex Differences in CaMKII-nNOS Signaling That Underlie Antidepressant-Like Effects of Yueju-Ganmaidazao Decoction in the Hippocampus. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:640258. [PMID: 34295228 PMCID: PMC8290083 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.640258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that Yueju-Ganmaidazao (YG) decoction induces rapid antidepressant-like effects, and the antidepressant response is mostly dependent on the suppression of nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate signaling in male mice. This study aimed to investigate the sex difference mediated by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)-neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) signaling involved in the antidepressant-like effect of YG in mice. We found that the immobility times in the tail suspension test (TST) were found to be decreased after the single injection of YG in male and female mice with the same dosage. Additionally, chronic administration for 4 days of subthreshold dosage of YG and escitalopram (ES) also significantly decreased the immobility time in mice of both sexes. Chronic subthreshold dosage of YG and ES in LPS-treated mice and in chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) mice both decreased the immobility time, which was increased by stress. Meanwhile, in CUS-treated mice, sucrose preference test, forced swimming test, and open field test were applied to further confirm the antidepressant-like effects of YG and ES. Moreover, CUS significantly decreased the expression of nNOS and CaMKII, and both YG and ES could enhance the expression in the hippocampus of female mice, which was opposite to that in male mice, while endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression was not affected by stress or drug treatment neither in male mice nor in female mice. Finally, subthreshold dosage of YG combined with 7-nitroindazole (nNOS inhibitor) induced the antidepressant-like effects both in female and in male mice, while the single use of YG or 7-NI did not display any effect. However, pretreatment with KN-93 (CaMKII inhibitor) only blocked the antidepressant-like effect of high-dosage YG in female mice. Meanwhile, in CUS mice, chronic stress caused NR1 overexpression and inhibited cAMP response element binding protein action, which were both reversed by YG and ES in male and female mice, implying that YG and ES produced the same antidepressant-like effect in mice of both sexes. The study revealed that chronic treatment with a subthreshold dose of YG also produced antidepressant-like effects in female mice, and these effects depended on the regulation of the CaMKII-nNOS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yin
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyu Qian
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongfei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangjie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinlang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Ge
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Han
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lanying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Mental Health Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenda Xue
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Wang YL, Wu HR, Zhang SS, Xiao HL, Yu J, Ma YY, Zhang YD, Liu Q. Catalpol ameliorates depressive-like behaviors in CUMS mice via oxidative stress-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome and neuroinflammation. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:353. [PMID: 34103482 PMCID: PMC8187638 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether catalpol exhibited neuroprotective effects in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice through oxidative stress-mediated nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin-domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and neuroinflammation. Deficits in behavioral tests, including open field test (OFT), forced swim test (FST), and elevated plus-maze test (EPM), were ameliorated following catalpol administration. To study the potential mechanism, western blots, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis and immunofluorescence imaging were performed on the hippocampus samples. We found that the defects of behavioral tests induced by CUMS could be reversed by the absence of NLRP3 and NLRP3 inflammasome might be involved in the antidepressant effects of catalpol on CUMS mice. Similar to the NLRP3 inflammasome, the expression of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and inducible nitride oxide synthase (iNOS) were increased after CUMS. The current study demonstrated that catalpol possessed anti-inflammatory effect on CUMS mice and inhibited microglial polarization to the M1 phenotype. In addition, the activity of mitochondrial oxidative stress might be involved in the NLRP3 activation, which was proved by the downregulation of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and cleaved IL-1β, after the administration of mitochondrion-targeted antioxidant peptide SS31. Taken together, we provided evidence that catalpol exhibited antidepressive effects on CUMS mice possibly via the oxidative stress-mediated regulation of NLRP3 and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-lin Wang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Hao-ran Wu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Shan-shan Zhang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Hong-lei Xiao
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Jin Yu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yuan-yuan Ma
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao-dong Zhang
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Neural Development Engineering Research Center, Henan, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Xia B, Chen C, Tao W. Neuroplasticity: A Key Player in the Antidepressant Action of Chinese Herbal Medicine. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:1115-1133. [PMID: 34049476 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a systematic medicine. It provides alternative strategies for the treatment of depression with its clinical experience, comprehensive diagnosis, and treatment theory. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is the major form of TCM prescription, and numerous CHMs have been demonstrated to possess remarkable antidepressant-like properties. A diversity of mechanisms have been implicated in CHM-associated antidepressant property. This paper reviewed the neuroplastic mechanisms underlying the antidepressant actions of CHM, finding that CHM repairs neuroplasticity by improving neurogenesis, neurotrophic factors, synaptic spine morphology, cell signaling, glutamatergic system, monoamine neurotransmitters, and neural apoptosis. CHM thereby exerts an antidepressant effect, attempting to offer a better understanding of the mechanisms implicated in TCM-related antidepressant-like efficacy and laying a foundation for the scientific evaluation and development of TCM in treating depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baomei Xia
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Science, Nanjing Normal University of Special Education, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.,School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Tao
- School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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36
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Yang WS, Shi Z, Dong X, Liu P, Chen M, Hu Y. Involvement of 5-HT-BDNF signaling axis in mediating synergistic antidepressant-like effects after combined administration of two oligosaccharide esters. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:1180-1191. [PMID: 33598202 PMCID: PMC7866620 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential mechanisms of depression involving herbal medicines and their specific compounds include elevated 5-HT level and downstream BDNF pathway. To identify potentially new combined therapeutic strategies, 3,6'-disinapoylsucrose (DISS) and tenuifoliside A (TFSA) have been observed to show antidepressant-like effects and its related 5-HT-BDNF pathway. We have tried to investigate whether combined administration of DISS and TFSA exerted more effective in the treatment of depression, as assessed through tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST). In addition, we also analyzed the expression of three important proteins, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding (CREB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and cAMP-regulated transcriptional coactivators (CRTC1), which have been shown to be involved in the regulation of the neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus. The DISS and TFSA separately, both at a dose of 5 mg/kg each, displayed small effect in the immobility time. However, combined treatment of these two in multiple doses exhibited better effect. Moreover, combined treatment of DISS and TFSA also demonstrated enhanced levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and stronger increase in the phosphorylation levels of CREB, BDNF, and CRTC1 proteins in the hippocampus. Overall, our results indicated that coadministration of these two oligosaccharide esters at low dose may induce more pronounced antidepressant activity, in comparison with individual treatment even at high dosage. Thus, the antidepressant properties of both these compounds can be attributed to their ability to influence 5-HT and BDNF pathway, and thereby suggesting that this combination strategy can definitely act as alternative therapy for depression disorder with very limited side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shan Yang
- Department of PharmacyMedical Supplier CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Medical School of Chinese PLAChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of OutpatientGroup 82 Military HospitalBaodingChina
| | - Zhen‐Guo Shi
- Department of PharmacyMedical Supplier CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Medical AffairPharmacy OfficeChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xian‐Zhe Dong
- Department of PharmacyMedical Supplier CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of PharmacyXuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of PharmacyMedical Supplier CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Meng‐li Chen
- Department of PharmacyMedical Supplier CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of PharmacyMedical Supplier CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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Saikosaponin A improved depression-like behavior and inhibited hippocampal neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia through p-CREB/BDNF pathway. Behav Brain Res 2021; 403:113138. [PMID: 33493495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression(PSD) is a common complication and associates with poor physical recovery, low quality of life and high mortality after cerebral infarction. However, the pathogenesis of PSD have not been elucidated thoroughly now, and there is a lack of effective therapy in clinic. It reported that Saikosaponin A, one of the main constituents from Chinese herb Bupleurum chinense, has pharmacological activity in anti-depression. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the potential effects and mechanisms of Saikosaponin A on the depression-like behavior after cerebral ischemic injury in rats. The rat model of PSD was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) and isolation. Behavior tests including open field test, beam-walking test, sucrose preference and forced swimming tests were performed. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were adopted to evaluate expression of phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein(p-CREB), brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) and apoptosis-related molecules in the dentate gyrus region of rat hippocampus. The TUNEL assay was used to determine neuronal apoptosis. We found that the rats subjected to MCAO combined with CUMS and isolation experienced significant depressive-like behavior. Administration of Saikosaponin A significantly ameliorated depressive-like behavior, and inhibited neuronal apoptosis, enhanced the level of p-CREB, BDNF and Bcl-2, reduced the level of Bax, Caspase-3 in the hippocampus of PSD rats. These results revealed that Saikosaponin A improved depression-like behavior and inhibited hippocampal neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia, presumably through increasing the expression of BDNF, p-CREB and Bcl-2, as well as decreasing the level of Bax, Caspase-3.
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Lee YJ, Kim HR, Lee CY, Hyun SA, Ko MY, Lee BS, Hwang DY, Ka M. 2-Phenylethylamine (PEA) Ameliorates Corticosterone-Induced Depression-Like Phenotype via the BDNF/TrkB/CREB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239103. [PMID: 33265983 PMCID: PMC7729630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a serious medical illness that is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. Corticosterone (CORT) increases depression-like behavior, with some effects on anxiety-like behavior. 2-Phenethylamine (PEA) is a monoamine alkaloid that acts as a central nervous system stimulant in humans. Here, we show that PEA exerts antidepressant effects by modulating the Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB)/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway in CORT-induced depression. To investigate the potential effects of PEA on CORT-induced depression, we first treated CORT (50 μM)-induced hippocampal neurons with 100 μM PEA for 24 h. We found that treatment with CORT altered dendritic spine architecture; however, treatment with PEA rescued dendritic spine formation via regulation of BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling. Next, we used a mouse model of CORT-induced depression. Mice were treated with CORT (20 mg/kg) for 21 days, followed by assessments of a battery of depression-like behaviors. During the final four days of CORT exposure, the mice were treated with PEA (50 mg/kg). We found that CORT injection promoted depression-like behavior and significantly decreased BDNF and TrkB expression in the hippocampus. However, treatment with PEA significantly ameliorated the behavioral and biochemical changes induced by CORT. Our findings reveal that PEA exerts antidepressant effects by modulating the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway in a mouse model of CORT-induced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ju Lee
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea;
| | - Hye Ryeong Kim
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
- Laboratory Animal Center, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 61062, Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
| | - Sung-Ae Hyun
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
| | - Moon Yi Ko
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
| | - Byoung-Seok Lee
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea;
| | - Minhan Ka
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-610-8095; Fax: +82-42-610-8252
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Kim HR, Lee YJ, Kim TW, Lim RN, Hwang DY, Moffat JJ, Kim S, Seo JW, Ka M. Asparagus cochinchinensis extract ameliorates menopausal depression in ovariectomized rats under chronic unpredictable mild stress. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:325. [PMID: 33109198 PMCID: PMC7590795 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a serious and common psychiatric disorder generally affecting more women than men. A woman's risk of developing depression increases steadily with age, and higher incidence is associated with the onset of menopause. Here we evaluated the antidepressant properties of Asparagus cochinchinensis (AC) extract and investigated its underlying mechanisms in a rat menopausal depression model. METHODS To model this menopausal depression, we induced a menopause-like state in rats via ovariectomy and exposed them to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 6 weeks, which promotes the development of depression-like symptoms. During the final 4 weeks of CUMS, rats were treated with either AC extract (1000 or 2000 mg/kg, PO), which has been reported to provide antidepressant effects, or with the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (10 mg/kg, IP). RESULTS We report that CUMS promotes depression-like behavior and significantly increases serum corticosterone and inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. We also found that CUMS decreases the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its primary receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), in OVX rats, and treatment with AC extract rescues both BDNF and TrkB expression levels. CONCLUSION These results suggest that AC extract exerts antidepressant effects, possibly via modulation of the BDNF-TrkB pathway, in a rat model of menopausal depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ryeong Kim
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Research Group, Research Center for Convergence Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory Animal Center, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 61062, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ju Lee
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Research Group, Research Center for Convergence Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wan Kim
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Research Group, Research Center for Convergence Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ri-Na Lim
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Research Group, Research Center for Convergence Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey J Moffat
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Soonil Kim
- Olmanfood Co., Ltd, Seoul, 03709, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung-Wook Seo
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Research Group, Research Center for Convergence Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Minhan Ka
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Research Group, Research Center for Convergence Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
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Wu L, Zhang T, Chen K, Lu C, Liu XF, Zhou JL, Huang YK, Yan H, Chen Y, Zhang CJ, Li JF, Shi SQ, Ren P, Huang X. Rapid antidepressant‐like effect of Fructus Aurantii depends on cAMP‐response element binding protein/Brain‐derived neurotrophic facto by mediating synaptic transmission. Phytother Res 2020; 35:404-414. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Ken Chen
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Pharmacy Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Xiang Fei Liu
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Jia Ling Zhou
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Yun Ke Huang
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
- Department Of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Fudan University Medical School Shanghai China
| | - Han Yan
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Chun Jie Zhang
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Jun Feng Li
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Shao Qi Shi
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Ping Ren
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
- Department of Geriatrics Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Xi Huang
- Institute of TCM‐Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
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Yu Y, Jiang J. COX-2/PGE 2 axis regulates hippocampal BDNF/TrkB signaling via EP2 receptor after prolonged seizures. Epilepsia Open 2020; 5:418-431. [PMID: 32913950 PMCID: PMC7469770 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to identify the signaling pathway that is immediately triggered by status epilepticus (SE) and in turn contributes to the excessive brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B (TrkB) signaling within the hippocampus. METHODS We used quantitative PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot analysis to examine gene expression at both mRNA and protein levels in the hippocampus following prolonged SE in mice and rats. Three classical animal models of SE were utilized in the present study to avoid any model- or species-specific findings. RESULTS We showed that both cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and BDNF in the hippocampus were rapidly upregulated after SE onset; however, the induction of COX-2 temporally preceded that of BDNF. Blocking COX-2 activity by selective inhibitor SC-58125 prevented BDNF elevation in the hippocampus following SE; prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a major product of COX-2 in the brain, was sufficient to stimulate hippocampal cells to secrete BDNF, suggesting that a PGE2 signaling pathway might be directly involved in hippocampal BDNF production. Inhibiting the Gαs-coupled PGE2 receptor EP2 by our recently developed selective antagonist TG6-10-1 decreased the SE-triggered phosphorylation of the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and activation of the BDNF/TrkB signaling in the hippocampus. SIGNIFICANCE The molecular mechanisms whereby BDNF/TrkB signaling is upregulated in the hippocampus by SE largely remain unknown. Our findings suggest that COX-2 via the PGE2/EP2 pathway regulates hippocampal BDNF/TrkB activity following prolonged seizures. EP2 inhibition by our bioavailable and brain-permeable antagonists such as TG6-10-1 might therefore provide a novel strategy to suppress the abnormal TrkB activity, an event that can sufficiently trigger pathogenic processes within the brain including acquired epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA
| | - Jianxiong Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA
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Wu L, Liu X, Huang Y, Lu C, Zhou J, Ren P, Huang X. Antidepressant-like Effect of Merazin Hydrate Depends on NO/ERK by Suppressing Its Downstream NF-κB or Nonactivating CREB/BDNF in Mouse Hippocampus. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2472-2481. [PMID: 32644793 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Merazin hydrate (MH), an essential ingredient of Fructus aurantii, has been identified to have an antidepressant-like effect. However, the molecular mechanisms of MH modulate depressive behavior are largely uncharacterized. Here, in lipopolysaccharide-induced mice, we identified that a single administration of MH recovered depressive behaviors and down-regulated the expressions of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the hippocampus after 1 day. Activation of nNOS by l-arginine led to depressive behaviors, and inhibition of nNOS contributed to antidepressive behaviors. Notably, MH only reversed the expression of nNOS's downstream NF-κB and not the CREB/BDNF pathway in the hippocampus, and MH's antidepressant-like effects were prevented by Asatone (an agonist of NF-κB) and not H89 (an antagonist of CREB). MH also normalized the expressions of GFAP and IB-1 in dentate gyrus in the hippocampus and inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-10, and TNF-α in serum. Overall, our studies reveal the molecular mechanisms of MH's antidepressant-like effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xiangfei Liu
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yunke Huang
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Fudan University Medical School, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jialing Zhou
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Qinhuai District, Nanjing 210000, P.R. China
| | - Xi Huang
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
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Wang X, Xu W, Chen H, Li W, Li W, Zhu G. Astragaloside IV prevents Aβ 1-42 oligomers-induced memory impairment and hippocampal cell apoptosis by promoting PPARγ/BDNF signaling pathway. Brain Res 2020; 1747:147041. [PMID: 32739157 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a natural product derived from Radix Astragali (Astragalus membranaceus), is beneficial for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the mechanisms underlying this benefit are not completely understood. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are potential therapeutic targets for AD. In this study, we found that amyloid β protein fragment 1-42 oligomers (AβO) suppressed BDNF and PPARγ expression, and inhibited tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) phosphorylation in cultured hippocampal neurons; these changes were ameliorated by treatment with AS-IV. Inhibition of PPARγ by genetic and pharmacological methods also blocked the effect of AS-IV on BDNF expression in AβO-treated cells. Importantly, exogenous BDNF protected against neurotoxicity and apoptosis induced by AβO, whereas inhibition of PPARγ reversed protective effects of AS-IV against these outcomes. In vivo data further revealed that AS-IV improved AβO-induced memory impairment and reduced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. Moreover, AS-IV suppressed the AβO-induced reduction in BDNF by promoting PPARγ activation in the hippocampus. Taken together, these results indicate that AS-IV prevents AβO-induced memory impairment and hippocampal neuronal apoptosis, probably by promoting the PPARγ/BDNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuncui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Experimental Center for Scientific Research, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Hejuntao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Experimental Center for Scientific Research, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Weizu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Experimental Center for Scientific Research, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.
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Namgyal D, Ali S, Mehta R, Sarwat M. The neuroprotective effect of curcumin against Cd-induced neurotoxicity and hippocampal neurogenesis promotion through CREB-BDNF signaling pathway. Toxicology 2020; 442:152542. [PMID: 32735850 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal neurotoxicity is one of the major challenges in today's era due to the large scale and widespread mechanisation of the production. However, the causative factors responsible for neurotoxicity are neither known nor do we have the availability of therapeutic approaches to deal with it. One of the major causative agents of neurotoxicity is a non-essential transition heavy metal, Cadmium (Cd), that reaches the central nervous system (CNS) through the nasal mucosa and olfactory pathway causing adverse structural and functional effects. In this study, we explored the neuroprotective efficacy of plant derived Curcumin which is reported to have pleiotropic biological activity including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-carcinogenic and anti-angiogenic effects. Four different concentrations of curcumin (20, 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg of the body weight) were used to assess the behavioural, biochemical, hippocampal proteins (BDNF, CREB, DCX and Synapsin II) and histological changes in Swiss Albino mice that were pre-treated with Cd (2.5 mg/kg). The findings showed that Cd exposure led to the behavioural impairment through oxidative stress, reduction of hippocampal neurogenesis associated proteins, and degeneration of CA3 and cortical neurons. However, treatment of different curcumin concentrations had effectively restored the behavioural changes in Cd-exposed mice through regulation of oxidative stress and up-regulation of hippocampal proteins in a dose-dependent manner. Significantly, a dose of 160 mg/kg body weight was found to be glaringly effective. From this study, we infer that curcumin reverses the adverse effects of neurotoxicity induced by Cd and promotes neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhondup Namgyal
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and Neuroscience, Amity University, Noida, UP, 201303, India; Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, UP, 201303, India
| | - Sher Ali
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Rachna Mehta
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and Neuroscience, Amity University, Noida, UP, 201303, India
| | - Maryam Sarwat
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, UP, 201303, India.
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45
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Li JM, Zhao Y, Sun Y, Kong LD. Potential effect of herbal antidepressants on cognitive deficit: Pharmacological activity and possible molecular mechanism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 257:112830. [PMID: 32259666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cognitive symptom is a "core" symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with clear deficit in memory, social and occupational function, and may persist during the remitting phase. Therefore, the remission of cognitive symptom has been considered as one of the main objectives in the treatment of MDD. Herbal antidepressants have been used to treat MDD, and there has been great advances in the understanding of the ability of these herbs to improve cognitive deficit linked to brain injury and various diseases including depression, Alzheimer disease, diabetes and age-related disorders. This systematic review summarizes the evidence from preclinical studies and clinical trials of herbal antidepressants with positive effects on cognitive deficit. The potential mechanisms by which herbal antidepressants prevent cognitive deficit are also reviewed. This review will facilitate further research and applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted an open-ended, English restricted search of MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science and Scopus for all available articles published or online before 31 December 2019, using terms pertaining to medical herb/phytomedicine/phytochemical/Chinese medicine and depression/major depressive disorder/antidepressant and/or cognitive impairment/cognitive deficit/cognitive dysfunction. RESULTS 7 prescriptions, more than 30 individual herbs and 50 phytochemicals from China, Japan, Korea and India with positive effects on the depressive state and cognitive deficit are reviewed herein. The evidence from preclinical studies and clinical trials proves that these herbal antidepressants exhibit positive effects on one or more aspects of cognitive defect including spatial, episodic, aversive, and short- and long-term memory. The action mode of the improvement of cognitive deficit by these herbal antidepressants is mediated mainly through two pathways. One pathway is to promote hippocampal neurogenesis through activating brain derived neurotrophic factor-tropomyosin-related kinase B signaling. The other pathway is to prevent neuronal apoptosis through the inhibition of neuro-inflammation and neuro-oxidation. CONCLUSION These herbal antidepressants, having potential therapy for cognitive deficit, may prevent pathological processes of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, these herbal medicines should provide a treasure trove, which will accelerate the development of new antidepressants that can effectively improve cognitive symptom in MDD. Studies on their molecular mechanisms may provide more potential targets and therapeutic approaches for new drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Ling-Dong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
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Anderzhanova E, Hafner K, Genewsky AJ, Soliman A, Pöhlmann ML, Schmidt MV, Blum R, Wotjak CT, Gassen NC. The stress susceptibility factor FKBP51 controls S-ketamine-evoked release of mBDNF in the prefrontal cortex of mice. Neurobiol Stress 2020; 13:100239. [PMID: 33344695 PMCID: PMC7739030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here the involvement of the stress-responsive glucocorticoid receptor co-chaperone FKBP51 in the mechanism of in vivo secretion of mature BDNF (mBDNF). We used a novel method combining brain microdialysis with a capillary electrophoresis-based immunoassay, to examine mBDNF secretion in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in vivo in freely moving mice. By combining optogenetic, neurochemical (KCl-evoked depolarization), and transgenic (conditional BDNF knockout mice) means, we have shown that the increase in extracellular mBDNF in vivo is determined by neuronal activity. Withal, mBDNF secretion in the mPFC of mice was stimulated by a systemic administration of S-ketamine (10 or 50 mg/kg) or S-hydroxynorketamine (10 mg/kg). KCl- and S-ketamine-evoked mBDNF secretion was strongly dependent on the expression of FKBP51. Moreover, the inability of S-ketamine to evoke a transient secretion in mBDNF in the mPFC in FKBP51- knockout mice matched the lack of antidepressant-like effect of S-ketamine in the tail suspension test. Our data reveal a critical role of FKBP51 in mBDNF secretion and suggest the involvement of mBDNF in the realization of immediate stress-coping behavior induced by acute S-ketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Anderzhanova
- Neurohomeostatis Research Group, Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinst. 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany.,BAU International University, Fridon Khalvashi st. 237, Batumi, 6010, Georgia
| | - Kathrin Hafner
- Department of Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas J Genewsky
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany.,Department Biology II Cognition and Neural Plasticity, Faculty of Medicine Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Großhaderner str. 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Azza Soliman
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics University Medical Centre, Mainz Langenbeckstr, 155131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Max L Pöhlmann
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Blum
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Versbacherstraße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten T Wotjak
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany.,Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Dept. CNS Discovery Research, Birkendorfer Str. 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Nils C Gassen
- Neurohomeostatis Research Group, Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
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Sanders O, Rajagopal L. Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials and Epidemiology with a Mechanistic Rationale. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2020; 4:185-215. [PMID: 32715279 PMCID: PMC7369141 DOI: 10.3233/adr-200191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies, clinical trials, and reviews suggest increasing 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) with phosphodiesterase inhibitors is disease-modifying in Alzheimer's disease (AD). cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) and cGMP/protein kinase G (PKG) signaling are disrupted in AD. cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG activate cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). CREB binds mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, inducing synaptogenesis, memory, and neuronal survival gene (e.g., brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α). cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG activate Sirtuin-1, which activates PGC1α. PGC1α induces mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant genes (e.g.,Nrf2) and represses BACE1. cAMP and cGMP inhibit BACE1-inducing NFκB and tau-phosphorylating GSK3β. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We review efficacy-testing clinical trials, epidemiology, and meta-analyses to critically investigate whether phosphodiesteraseinhibitors prevent or treat AD. RESULTS Caffeine and cilostazol may lower AD risk. Denbufylline and sildenafil clinical trials are promising but preliminary and inconclusive. PF-04447943 and BI 409,306 are ineffective. Vinpocetine, cilostazol, and nicergoline trials are mixed. Deprenyl/selegiline trials show only short-term benefits. Broad-spectrum phosphodiesterase inhibitor propentofylline has been shown in five phase III trials to improve cognition, dementia severity, activities of daily living, and global assessment in mild-to-moderate AD patients on multiple scales, including the ADAS-Cogand the CIBIC-Plus in an 18-month phase III clinical trial. However, two books claimed based on a MedScape article an 18-month phase III trial failed, so propentofylline was discontinued. Now, propentofylline is used to treat canine cognitive dysfunction, which, like AD, involves age-associated wild-type Aβ deposition. CONCLUSION Phosphodiesterase inhibitors may prevent and treat AD.
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de Freitas GB, Lourenco MV, De Felice FG. Protective actions of exercise-related FNDC5/Irisin in memory and Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2020; 155:602-611. [PMID: 32396989 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The proportion of elderly populations is rapidly booming, and human lifespan has considerably increased in the past century because of scientific and medical advances. However, the winds of change brought by the 21st century made sedentarism one of the factors that renders the brain vulnerable to age-related chronic diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Conversely, physical exercise has been shown to stimulate molecular mechanisms beneficial to cognition. Here, we review evidence showing the positive effects of physical exercise in the brain. We further discuss recent evidence that irisin, a myokine stimulated by physical exercise derived from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) transmembrane protein, has neuroprotective actions in the brain. Lastly, we highlight the importance of the crosstalk between the periphery and the brain in cognition and the therapeutic potential of FNDC5/irisin in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme B de Freitas
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies & Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mychael V Lourenco
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G De Felice
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies & Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Al Qudah M, Alfaqih M, Al-Shboul O, Saadeh R, Al-Dwairi A. Effect of cytokine treatment on the expression and secretion of brain derived neurotrophic factor in the smooth muscle of the rat colon. Biomed Rep 2020; 13:55-60. [PMID: 32440350 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines is increased during inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Previously, it was demonstrated that brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression is increased in experimental models of colitis. BDNF is partially responsible for the structural and functional changes that take place during IBD. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the upregulation of BDNF during gut inflammation are unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of direct treatment of smooth muscle cells with inflammatory cytokines on the synthesis and secretion of BDNF. BDNF expression and secretion levels were measured using ELISA kits on tissue lysates and on incubation media used to culture the rat colon smooth muscle tissues treated for 24 h with either tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α or interleukin (IL)-1β. Compared with the control tissue samples, treatment with TNF-α and IL-1β resulted in a significant increase in the protein expression levels of BDNF in the incubated smooth muscle tissue. TNF-α and IL-1β also stimulated the secretion of BDNF. Chelation of intracellular Ca2+ with BABTA-AM prevented the TNF-α and IL-1β-induced increase in BDNF protein expression and secretion levels. Furthermore, inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) significantly reduced BDNF expression levels when treated with cytokines but not secretion. In conclusion, proinflammatory cytokines that are upregulated during IBD, directly stimulated BDNF expression and secretion in a Ca2+ dependent manner. Considering the ability of BDNF to enhance smooth muscle contraction and pain sensation, this autocrine loop may partially explain the characteristic hypercontractility and hypersensitivity associated with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Al Qudah
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud Alfaqih
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Othman Al-Shboul
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Rami Saadeh
- Departments of Public Health, School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Al-Dwairi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
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Zhang H, Sun Y, Qian S, Ge R, Guo X, Shen Q, Sheng L, Nie C, Zhang Y, Yao Y, Zhou T, Wang W, Xue W, Chen G. Yueju-Ganmaidazao Decoction confers rapid antidepressant-like effects and the involvement of suppression of NMDA/NO/cGMP signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 250:112380. [PMID: 31707048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yueju-Ganmaidazao Decoction (YG) is a multiherbal medicine prescribed for treatment of mood disorder, consisting of two classical traditional Chinese herbal medicine Yueju and Ganmaidazao. Yueju and Ganmaidazao both are used for depression treatment. The combined decoction of Yueju and Ganmaidazao is prescribed to achieve optimal clinical outcomes by dealing with different symptoms of depression. Recent studies indicated ethanol extract of Yueju was capable to confer rapid antidepressant-like response. The antidepressant activity of YG decoction with fast-onset feature remains to be investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY Rapid and safe antidepressant treatment is urgently needed. This study aimed to assess the rapid antidepressant-like activity of YG and the underlying mechanism, focusing on NMDA/NO/cGMP signaling. MATERIALS AND METHODS The optimal doses for immediate and persistent antidepressant-like response were first screened using tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST) post a single administration of YG. The rapid action was further confirmed by using the chronic mild stress (CMS) and learned helplessness (LH) paradigms. The expressions of NMDA receptor subunits were evaluated post stress and YG. The contributions of NMDA, NO, and cGMP signaling to the antidepressant effect of YG were investigated systematically using pharmacological interventions. RESULTS The optimal dose for immediate and persistent antidepressant potential, evidenced with reduced immobility times in TST or FST from 30 min to 7 days, was determined. The rapid antidepressant-like effect was confirmed in CMS and LH paradigms, including instant normalization of sucrose preference behavior. The expression of NMDA subunit NR1 in the hippocampus was reduced from 30 min to 5 days post YG. In animals subjected to CMS and LH, hippocampal NR1 expression increased, reversed by YG. YG's antidepressant-like effect was blunted by pretreatment with the agonists along the signalings including NMDA (75 mg/kg), L-arginine (750 mg/kg) and sildenafil (5 mg/kg) in TST or FST. Conversely, administration of subeffective dose of individual antagonists, including MK-801 (0.05 mg/kg), 7-nitroindazole (30 mg/kg), methylene blue (10 mg/kg), in combination with a subeffective dose of YG, elicited antidepressant effects. CONCLUSION YG conferred rapid antidepressant-like effects, and the antidepressant response was essentially dependent on suppression of NMDA/NO/cGMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shiyu Qian
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rui Ge
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qinqin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chunying Nie
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenda Xue
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders and Research Center for TCM Fang-Zheng, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
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