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Zhang M, Ma Y, Wang Z, Wang G, Wang Q, Li X, Lin F, Zhang C. Prevalence and transmission of pretreatment drug resistance in people living with HIV-1 in Shanghai China, 2017-2021. Virulence 2024; 15:2373105. [PMID: 38934465 PMCID: PMC11212556 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2373105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The implementation of pretreatment drug-resistance (PDR) surveillance among people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) is a top priority in countries using efavirenz (EFV)/nevirapine (NVP) for first-line ART. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of PDR among PLWH in Shanghai, China during 2017-2021, and to reveal PDR transmission between Shanghai and other regions of China. A total of 5050 PLWH not on ART during 2017-2021 were included. Partial HIV-1 pol sequences were amplified, sequenced, and analysed for drug-resistance mutations (DRMs). Besides, transmission network of PDR variants was inferred using HIV-TRACE. The overall prevalence of PDR was 4.8% (242/5050; 95% CI, 4.2-5.4). Prevalence of NNRTI-associated PDR was 3.9% (95% CI, 3.4-4.5), higher than those of NRTI-associated (0.8%; 95% CI, 0.5-1.1) and PI-associated PDR (0.9%; 95% CI, 0.6-1.2). High prevalence of PDR (especially high-level resistance) to EFV (132/5050, 2.6%) and NVP (137/5050, 2.7%) were found. CRF01_AE (46.0%) was the predominant HIV-1 genotype with any DRMs, followed by CRF55_01B (21.0%), and CRF07_BC (15.1%). Two NRTI-associated (S68G/N/R and T215A/N/S/Y), five NNRTI-associated (V179D/E/T/L, K103N/R/S/T, E138A/G/K, V106M/I/A and Y181C/I) and two PI-associated mutations (M46I/L/V and Q58E) were the most common observed DRMs in PDR patients in Shanghai. The vast majority of S68G occurred in CRF01_AE (45%). M46I/L/V and Q58E showed a relatively high prevalence in CRF01_AE (4.1%) and CRF07_BC (12.6%). Transmission network analyses demonstrated cross-regional transmission links of PDR variants between Shanghai and other regions of China, which was mainly driven by the potential low-level DRM V179D/E. These results provide crucial information for clinical decision making of first-line ART in PLWH with PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Ma
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyan Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianying Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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2
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Wan Z, Zhang C. How to report and make sense of a new HIV-1 circulating recombinant form? Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1343143. [PMID: 38450164 PMCID: PMC10915052 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1343143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Co-circulation of multiple HIV-1 subtypes in the same high-risk groups leads to the on-going generation of various inter-subtype recombinants, including unique (URFs) and circulating (CRFs) recombinant forms, which brings a new challenge for the prevention and eradication of HIV/AIDS. Identification and prompt reporting of new CRFs will provide not only new insights into the understanding of genetic diversity and evolution of HIV-1, but also an early warning of potential prevalence of these variants. Currently, 140 HIV-1 CRFs have been described; however, their prevalence and clinical importance are less concerned. Apart from the mosaic genomic maps, less other valuable information, including the clinical and demographic data, genomic sequence characteristics, origin and evolutionary dynamics, as well as representative genomic fragments for determining the variants, are available for most of these CRFs. Accompanied with the growing increase of HIV-1 full-length genomic sequences, more and more CRFs will be identified in the near future due to the high recombination potential of HIV-1. Here, we discuss the prevalence and clinical importance of various HIV-1 CRFs and propose how to report and make sense of a new HIV-1 CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhou Wan
- Medical Laboratory of Taizhou Fourth People’s Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ma Y, Wan Z, Zhang M, Zhang C. Genomic Characteristics of the New HIV-1 CRF07_BC K 28E 32 Variant. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2024; 40:42-53. [PMID: 37312534 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2022.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Accompanied with the appearance and prevalence of the new K28E32 variant among men who have sex with men, HIV-1 circulating recombinant form 07_BC (CRF07_BC) was becoming the most predominant subtype circulating in China. The K28E32 variant with five specific mutations in reverse transcriptase coding region appears to have significantly higher in vitro HIV-1 replication ability than the wild-type strain. In this study, we characterized the special mutations/substitutions in the K28E32 variant at the genomic level. Ten specific mutations that rarely appeared in other six main HIV-1 subtypes/CRFs (A-D, CRF01_AE, and CRF02_AG) were identified in the coding genes/regions of the K28E32 variant, including S77L and a novel seven-amino acid detection (32DKELYPL38) (p6Δ7) in p6, I135L in integrase, T189S in Vif, H/Y15L/F in Vpr, I264V/A and LV/LI328-329VG in gp41, and H82C and S97P in Rev. The special locations of the novel p6Δ7, and gp41 mutations I264V/A and LV/LI328-329VG in crucial protein functional domains suggest that these mutations might be functionally important to the K28E32 variant. Furthermore, eight specific substitutions were identified in Rev responsive element (RRE) of the K28E32 variant, and were revealed to increase the stability of RRE structure with a lower minimum free energy. Whether these mutations/substitutions contribute to improved transmissibility of the CRF07_BC K28E32 variant needs to be further confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Ma
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenzhou Wan
- Medical Laboratory of Taizhou Fourth People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ye M, Chen X, Duo L, Ma J, Cao L, Zhang C, Zheng YT. Identification of two novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms of CRF111_01C and CRF116_0108 in southwestern Yunnan, China. Virulence 2022; 13:19-29. [PMID: 34951549 PMCID: PMC9794008 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.2010399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Yunnan, the region hardest hit by HIV/AIDS in China, is also an area with the most abundant HIV-1 genetic diversity. A large number of novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) and unique recombinants were identified among injection drug users in Yunnan; however, few were found among sexual contacts. Here, we obtained 15 near full-length genome sequences (NFLGs) from HIV-1 seropositive heterosexual contacts in Yunnan who received antiretroviral therapy during the period from 2014 to 2016. Phylogenetic analysis showed that six NFLGs belonged to CRF01_AE (n = 3) and CRF106_cpx (n = 3), and the other nine sequences were novel inter-subtype recombinants. Of the recombinants, two novel CRFs (CRF111_01 C (n = 4) and CRF116_0108 (n = 4)) and one CRF106_cpx variant (n = 1) were identified. CRF111_01 C had a CRF01_AE backbone with seven subtype C fragments inserted into the gag, pol, vif, env, nef and 3'LTR regions. CRF116_0108 had a CRF08_BC backbone with a CRF01_AE fragment inserted into the pol, tat, rev, vif, vpr, vpu and env regions. Phylogeographic analyses estimated that CRF111_01 C and CRF116_0108 originated approximately 1995.7-1998.6 and 1991.7-1993.7, respectively. These identifications of two novel HIV-1 CRFs highlighted the importance of continuous surveillance in heterosexual contacts and other high-risk groups in this region and the surrounding regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kiz-cuhk Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kiz-cuhk Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lin Duo
- Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin Ma
- Cangyuan Va Autonomous County People’s Hospital, Lincang, Yunnan, China
| | - Le Cao
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Chiyu Zhang
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kiz-cuhk Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,CONTACT Yong-Tang Zheng
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5
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A New HIV-1 K 28E 32-Reverse Transcriptase Variant Associated with the Rapid Expansion of CRF07_BC among Men Who Have Sex with Men. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0254522. [PMID: 36214682 PMCID: PMC9604004 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02545-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 CRF07_BC originated among injection drug users (IDUs) in China. After diffusing into men who have sex with men (MSM), CRF07_BC has shown a rapid expansion in this group; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identified a new K28E32 variant of CRF07_BC that was characterized by five specific mutations (E28K, K32E, E248V, K249Q, and T338S) in reverse transcriptase. This variant was mainly prevalent among MSM, and was overrepresented in transmission clusters, suggesting that it could have driven the rapid expansion of CRF07_BC in MSM, though founder effects cannot be ruled out. It was descended from an evolutionary intermediate accumulating four specific mutations and formed an independent phylogenetic node with an estimated origin time in 2003. The K28E32 variant was demonstrated to have significantly higher in vitro HIV-1 replication ability than the wild type. Mutations E28K and K32E play a critical role in the improvement of in vitro HIV-1 replication ability, reflected by improved reverse transcription activity. The results could allow public health officials to use this marker (especially E28K and K32E mutations in the reverse transcriptase (RT) coding region) to target prevention measures prioritizing MSM population and persons infected with this variant for test and treat initiatives. IMPORTANCE HIV-1 has very high mutation rate that is correlated with the survival and adaption of the virus. The variants with higher transmissibility may be more selective advantage than the strains with higher virulence. Several HIV-1 variants were previously demonstrated to be correlated with higher viral load and lower CD4 T cell count. Here, we first identified a new variant (the K28E32 variant) of HIV-1 CRF07_BC, described its origin and evolutionary dynamics, and demonstrated its higher in vitro HIV-1 replication ability than the wild type. We demonstrated that five RT mutations (especially E28K and K32E) significantly improve in vitro HIV-1 replication ability. The appearance of the new K28E32 variant was associated with the rapidly increasing prevalence of CRF07_BC among MSM.
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Zhou Y, Huang S, Cui M, Guo Z, Tang H, Lyu H, Ni Y, Lu Y, Feng Y, Wang Y, Jing F, Huang S, Li J, Xu Y, Mei W. Comparison between HIV self-testing and facility-based HIV testing approach on HIV early detection among men who have sex with men: A cross-sectional study. Front Immunol 2022; 13:857905. [PMID: 36177052 PMCID: PMC9513029 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.857905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To assess whether HIV self-testing (HIVST) has a better performance in identifying HIV-infected cases than the facility-based HIV testing (HIVFBT) approach. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among men who have sex with men (MSM) by using an online questionnaire (including information on sociodemographic, sexual biography, and HIV testing history) and blood samples (for limiting antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay, gene subtype testing, and taking confirmed HIV test). MSM who were firstly identified as HIV positive through HIVST and HIVFBT were compared. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test was used to explore any association between both groups and their subgroups. Results In total, 124 MSM HIV cases were identified from 2017 to 2021 in Zhuhai, China, including 60 identified through HIVST and 64 through HIVFBT. Participants in the HIVST group were younger (≤30 years, 76.7% vs. 46.9%), were better educated (>high school, 61.7% vs. 39.1%), and had higher viral load (≥1,000 copies/ml, 71.7% vs. 50.0%) than MSM cases identified through HIVFBT. The proportion of early HIV infection in the HIVST group was higher than in the HIVFBT group, identified using four recent infection testing algorithms (RITAs) (RITA 1, 46.7% vs. 25.0%; RITA 2, 43.3% vs. 20.3%; RITA 3, 30.0% vs. 14.1%; RITA 4, 26.7% vs. 10.9%; all p < 0.05). Conclusions The study showed that HIVST has better HIV early detection among MSM and that recent HIV infection cases mainly occur in younger and better-educated MSM. Compared with HIVFBT, HIVST is more accessible to the most at-risk population on time and tends to identify the case early. Further implementation studies are needed to fill the knowledge gap on this medical service model among MSM and other target populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of HIV Prevention, Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, China
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Shaoli Huang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University-University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingting Cui
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihui Guo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haotong Tang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Hang Lyu
- Department of HIV Prevention, Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yuxin Ni
- Dermatology Hospital of South Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- University of North Carolina Project-China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Dermatology Hospital of South Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- University of North Carolina Project-China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunlong Feng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuyu Wang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengshi Jing
- Institute for Healthcare Artificial Intelligence, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shanzi Huang
- Department of HIV Prevention, Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jiarun Li
- Department of HIV Prevention, Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Science, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Wenhua Mei, ; Yao Xu,
| | - Wenhua Mei
- Department of HIV Prevention, Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, China
- *Correspondence: Wenhua Mei, ; Yao Xu,
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7
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Yang X, Zhu H, An W, Zhao J, Lu X, Sun W, Li Y. Genetic characterization of a novel HIV‑1 CRF01_AE/ CRF07_BC recombinant form found among men who have sex with men in Baoding City, Hebei Province, China. Arch Virol 2022; 167:2395-2402. [PMID: 35945380 PMCID: PMC9362970 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Large numbers of unique recombinant forms (URF) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) have been found among sexual transmission populations in China. Here, we report a novel second-generation URF of HIV-1 named BD201AQ that was isolated from an HIV-1-positive man who was infected through homosexual transmission in Baoding City, Hebei Province, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on the near-full-length genome (NFLG) sequence indicated that BD201AQ formed a monophyletic branch that did not cluster with other HIV-1 subtypes. Recombination analysis showed that the NFLG of BD201AQ had 12 segments, six CRF07_BC and six CRF01_AE segments, with CRF07_BC as the main framework. These findings indicate that the constant emergence of novel recombinant forms should receive more attention and that more measures should be taken to monitor the molecular epidemiological characteristics of HIV-1 and to prevent the spread of HIV-1 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuegang Yang
- Infection Division, Baoding People's Hospital, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Huiying Zhu
- Infection Division, Baoding People's Hospital, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Weina An
- Clinical Laboratory, Baoding People's Hospital, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Infection Division, Baoding People's Hospital, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Xinli Lu
- Department of AIDS Research, Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, China
| | - Wenlong Sun
- Clinical Laboratory, Baoding People's Hospital, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Yongqin Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Baoding People's Hospital, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China.
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8
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Enhanced Transmissibility and Decreased Virulence of HIV-1 CRF07_BC May Explain Its Rapid Expansion in China. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0014622. [PMID: 35727067 PMCID: PMC9431131 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00146-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 CRF07_BC is one of the most common circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) in China and is becoming increasingly prevalent especially in HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM). The reason why this strain expanded so quickly in China remains to be defined. We previously observed that individuals infected with HIV-1 CRF07_BC showed slower disease progression than those infected with HIV-1 subtype B or CRF01_AE. CRF07_BC viruses carry two unique mutations in the p6Gag protein: insertion of PTAPPE sequences downstream of the original Tsg101 binding domain, and deletion of a seven-amino-acid sequence (30PIDKELY36) that partially overlaps with the Alix binding domain. In this study, we confirmed the enhanced transmission capability of CRF07_BC over HIV-1 subtype B or CRF01_AE by constructing HIV-1 transmission networks to quantitatively evaluate the growth rate of transmission clusters of different HIV-1 genotypes. We further determined lower virus infectivity and slower replication of CRF07_BC with aforementioned PTAPPE insertion (insPTAP) and/or PIDKELY deletion (Δ7) in the p6Gag protein, which in turn may increase the pool of people infected with CRF07_BC and the risk of HIV-1 transmission. These new features of CRF07_BC may explain its quick spread and will help adjust prevention strategy of HIV-1 epidemic. IMPORTANCE HIV-1 CRF07_BC is one of the most common circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) in China. The question is why and how CRF07_BC expanded so rapidly remains unknown. To address the question, we explored the transmission capability of CRF07_BC by constructing HIV-1 transmission networks to quantitatively evaluate the growth rate of transmission clusters of different HIV-1 genotypes. We further characterized the role of two unique mutations in CRF07_BC, PTAPPE insertion (insPTAP) and/or PIDKELY deletion (Δ7) in the p6Gag in virus replication. Our results help define the molecular mechanism regarding the association between the unique mutations and the slower disease progression of CRF07_BC as well as the quick spread of CRF07_BC in China.
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9
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Ding X, Chaillon A, Pan X, Zhang J, Zhong P, He L, Chen W, Fan Q, Jiang J, Luo M, Xia Y, Guo Z, Smith DM. Characterizing genetic transmission networks among newly diagnosed HIV-1 infected individuals in eastern China: 2012-2016. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269973. [PMID: 35709166 PMCID: PMC9202869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to elucidate the characteristics of HIV molecular epidemiology and identify transmission hubs in eastern China using genetic transmission network and lineage analyses. HIV-TRACE was used to infer putative relationships. Across the range of epidemiologically-plausible genetic distance (GD) thresholds (0.1-2.0%), a sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the optimal threshold, generating the maximum number of transmission clusters and providing reliable resolution without merging different small clusters into a single large cluster. Characteristics of genetically linked individuals were analyzed using logistic regression. Assortativity (shared characteristics) analysis was performed to infer shared attributes between putative partners. 1,993 persons living with HIV-1 were enrolled. The determined GD thresholds within subtypes CRF07_BC, CRF01_AE, and B were 0.5%, 1.2%, and 1.7%, respectively, and 826 of 1,993 (41.4%) sequences were linked with at least one other sequence, forming 188 transmission clusters of 2-80 sequences. Clustering rates for the main subtypes CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC, and B were 50.9% (523/1027), 34.2% (256/749), and 32.1% (25/78), respectively. Median cluster sizes of these subtypes were 2 (2-52, n = 523), 2 (2-80, n = 256), and 3 (2-6, n = 25), respectively. Subtypes in individuals diagnosed and residing in Hangzhou city (OR = 1.423, 95% CI: 1.168-1.734) and men who have sex with men (MSM) were more likely to cluster. Assortativity analysis revealed individuals were more likely to be genetically linked to individuals from the same age group (AIage = 0.090, P<0.001) and the same area of residency in Zhejiang (AIcity = 0.078, P<0.001). Additionally, students living with HIV were more likely to be linked with students than show a random distribution (AI student = 0.740, P<0.01). These results highlight the importance of Hangzhou City in the regional epidemic and show that MSM comprise the population rapidly transmitting HIV in Zhejiang Province. We also provide a molecular epidemiology framework for improving our understanding of HIV transmission dynamics in eastern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobei Ding
- Department of AIDS and STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Antoine Chaillon
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Xiaohong Pan
- Department of AIDS and STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiafeng Zhang
- Department of AIDS and STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of AIDS and STD Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin He
- Department of AIDS and STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanjun Chen
- Department of AIDS and STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Fan
- Department of AIDS and STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of AIDS and STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingyu Luo
- Department of AIDS and STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of AIDS and STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Guo
- Department of AIDS and STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Davey M. Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America
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10
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Li K, Liu M, Chen H, Li J, Liang Y, Feng Y, Xing H, Shao Y. Using molecular transmission networks to understand the epidemic characteristics of HIV-1 CRF08_BC across China. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:497-506. [PMID: 33657968 PMCID: PMC7993390 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.189905 10.1080/22221751.2021.1899056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
HIV-1 CRF08_BC has become a major epidemic in heterosexuals and intravenous drug users (IDUs) in southern China. In order to evaluate the trends of its epidemic and facilitate targeted HIV prevention, we constructed the genetic transmission networks based on its pol sequences, derived from the National HIV Molecular Epidemiology Survey. Through retrospective network analysis, to study the epidemiological and demographic correlations with the transmission network. Of the 1,829 study subjects, 639 (34.9%) were clustered in 151 transmission networks. Factors associated with increased clustering include IDUs, heterosexual men, young adults and people with lower education (P < 0.05 for all). The IDUs, MSM, young adult and person with low education had more potential transmission links as well (P < 0.05 for all). The most crossover links were found between heterosexual women and IDUs, with 30.9% heterosexual women linked to IDUs. The crossover links heterosexual women were mainly those with middle age and single (P < 0.001). This study indicated that the HIV-1 CRF08_BC epidemic was still on going in China with more than one third of the infected people clustered in the transmission networks. Meanwhile, the study could help identify the active CRF08_BC spreader in the local community and greatly facilitate précising AIDS prevention with targeted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiliang Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanling Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Hou Z, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Tu A, Liu T, Du X, Dai C, Xu Y, Qiao R, Tan J. Characterization and Recombinant Genotypes of HIV-1 in Gansu Province, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2021; 37:946-953. [PMID: 34107769 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2021.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to monitor the diversity and evolution of HIV-1 genotypes, especially in some remote and undeveloped regions in China where the diversity and distribution of HIV-1 genotypes are not fully clear. To investigate the genotypes and distribution of HIV-1 in far Northwestern Gansu Province of China, we selected 220 HIV-1-positive plasma samples from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Gansu from January 2016 to December 2018. The viral load of inclusion samples were over 1,000 copies per milliliter. The gag, pol, and env gene of HIV-1 were amplified by nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction kit, sequenced, and then identified genotypes using HIV-BLAST tool and the neighbor-joining method. One hundred fifty of 220 inclusion samples were successfully determined HIV-1 genotypes. Our results show that circulating recombinant forms (CRF) 07_BC and CRF01_AE are predominant and accounted for 46.7% and 28.0%, respectively. Other HIV-1 subtypes and genotypes included B/B' (6.0%), CRF08_BC (4.0%), and C (1.3%). In addition, we reported CRF65_cpx and CRF55_01B subtypes in Gansu for the first time. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the sequences of different samples are scattered in different genotype groups, and no obvious aggregation occurs. Our results indicate the genetic variety and complexity of HIV-1 and provide critical information for HIV/AIDS control and prevention in Gansu Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjie Hou
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lincai Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, China
| | - Aixia Tu
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Geriatrics, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiufen Du
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chen Dai
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yaning Xu
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruijuan Qiao
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiying Tan
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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12
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Li K, Liu M, Chen H, Li J, Liang Y, Feng Y, Xing H, Shao Y. Using molecular transmission networks to understand the epidemic characteristics of HIV-1 CRF08_BC across China. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:497-506. [PMID: 33657968 PMCID: PMC7993390 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1899056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 CRF08_BC has become a major epidemic in heterosexuals and intravenous drug users (IDUs) in southern China. In order to evaluate the trends of its epidemic and facilitate targeted HIV prevention, we constructed the genetic transmission networks based on its pol sequences, derived from the National HIV Molecular Epidemiology Survey. Through retrospective network analysis, to study the epidemiological and demographic correlations with the transmission network. Of the 1,829 study subjects, 639 (34.9%) were clustered in 151 transmission networks. Factors associated with increased clustering include IDUs, heterosexual men, young adults and people with lower education (P < 0.05 for all). The IDUs, MSM, young adult and person with low education had more potential transmission links as well (P < 0.05 for all). The most crossover links were found between heterosexual women and IDUs, with 30.9% heterosexual women linked to IDUs. The crossover links heterosexual women were mainly those with middle age and single (P < 0.001). This study indicated that the HIV-1 CRF08_BC epidemic was still on going in China with more than one third of the infected people clustered in the transmission networks. Meanwhile, the study could help identify the active CRF08_BC spreader in the local community and greatly facilitate précising AIDS prevention with targeted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiliang Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanling Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Kumar N, Forastiere L, Janmohamed K, Zhang TP, Sha Y, Yu F, Yang L, Tucker JD, Tang W, Alexander M. Blocking and being blocked on gay dating apps among MSM attending a sexual health clinic: an observational study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2127. [PMID: 34798857 PMCID: PMC8605500 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12182-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are limited studies on blocking and men who have sex with men (MSM) health outcomes. We need such data in China, to better understand the relationship between Chinese MSM gay app use and health outcomes, thus providing insight on risky sexual behaviors and HIV transmission among Chinese MSM - one of the world’s largest MSM communities. Blocking someone is when users select a function on an app to prevent another user from contacting them and being blocked is when someone is prevented from contacting another user. We studied the correlates of blocking on the world’s largest gay dating app among Chinese MSM (N = 208). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey as part of an HIV testing intervention in Guangzhou, China, May–December 2019. Using logistic regression models, we estimated the correlates of blocking (e.g. sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behavior, HIV testing history, social network data). Results MSM had a mean age of 27.9 years (SD = 7.1) and median of one sexual partner in the last 3 months. About 62% had blocked someone in their lifetime and 46% had been blocked in their lifetime. Each additional male partner was associated with an 87% (aOR = 1.87, 95%CI = 1.03, 3.40) increased chance of being blocked. Reporting a versatile sexual role was related with a 90% (aOR = 0.10, 95%CI = 0.02, 0.45) decreased likelihood of blocking behavior and an 86% (aOR = 0.14, 95%CI = 0.04, 0.46) reduced chance of being blocked. Conclusions Number of male partners may be associated with blocking behavior, with implications for the design of online sexual health interventions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-12182-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Kumar
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Laura Forastiere
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Tiange P Zhang
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Project-China, No. 2 Lujing Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China.,Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Yongjie Sha
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Project-China, No. 2 Lujing Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Blued.com, Beijing, China
| | - Ligang Yang
- Southern Medical University Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joseph D Tucker
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Project-China, No. 2 Lujing Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China.,School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Weiming Tang
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Project-China, No. 2 Lujing Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China.,Southern Medical University Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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14
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Wei L, Li H, Lv X, Zheng C, Li G, Yang Z, Chen L, Han X, Zou H, Gao Y, Cheng J, Wang H, Zhao J. Impact of HIV-1 CRF55_01B infection on the evolution of CD4 count and plasma HIV RNA load in men who have sex with men prior to antiretroviral therapy. Retrovirology 2021; 18:22. [PMID: 34399785 PMCID: PMC8365277 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-021-00567-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CRF55_01B is a newly identified HIV-1 circulating recombinant form originated from MSM in China. However, its impact on the disease progression and transmission risk has not been investigated. This study aimed to determine the impact of CRF55_01B infection on viral dynamics and immunological status so as to provide scientific evidence for further control and prevention effort on CRF55_01B. Linear mixed effect models were applied to evaluate CD4 cell count decline and viral load increase by subtype. Results Of the 3418 blood samples, 1446 (42.3%) were CRF07_BC, 1169 (34.2%) CRF01_AE, 467 (13.7%) CRF55_01B, 249 (7.3%) type B, and 87 (2.5%) other subtypes (CRF_08BC, CRF_01B, C). CRF55_01B had become the third predominant strain since 2012 in Shenzhen, China. CRF55_01B-infected MSM showed lower median of CD4 count than CRF07_BC-infected MSM (349.5 [IQR, 250.2–474.8] vs. 370.0 [IQR, 278.0–501.0], P < 0.05). CRF55_01B infection was associated with slower loss of CD4 count than CRF01_AE (13.6 vs. 23.3 [cells/µl]¹/²/year, P < 0.05)among MSM with initial CD4 count of 200–350 cells/µl. On the other hand, those infected with CRF55_01B showed higher median plasma HIV RNA load (5.4 [IQR, 5.0–5.9]) than both CRF01_AE (5.3 [IQR, 4.8–5.7], P < 0.05) and CRF07_BC (5.0 log10 [IQR, 4.5–5.5], P < 0.001) at the initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Furthermore, the annual increasing rate of viral load for CRF55_01B infection was significantly higher than that of CRF07_BC (2.0 vs. 0.7 log10 copies/ml/year, P < 0.01). Conclusions The relatively lower CD4 count and faster increase of plasma HIV RNA load of CRF55_01B-infected MSM without antiretroviral therapy suggest that CRF55_01B may lead to longer asymptomatic phase and higher risk of HIV transmission. Strengthened surveillance, tailored prevention strategies and interventions, and in-depth research focusing on CRF55_01B are urgently needed to forestall potential epidemic. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12977-021-00567-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wei
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xing Lv
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenli Zheng
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guilian Li
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhengrong Yang
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoxu Han
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Ministry of Health, Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huachun Zou
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China.,School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yanxiao Gao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinquan Cheng
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Wang
- HKU-AIDS Institute Shenzhen Research Laboratory, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China.
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15
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Chen S, Yang Q, He J, Fan X, Liu Z, Qiu J, Zheng Z, Gu J, Cheng W, Hao Y, Li J, Hao C. The effects of intimate relationship characteristics on unprotected anal intercourse among same-sex male couples in China: a dyadic analysis using the actor-partner interdependence model. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:593. [PMID: 34157968 PMCID: PMC8218385 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) within the context of concurrent sexual relationship are prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM) who have regular male sex partners and it aggravates the risk of HIV infection among this community. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of intimate relationship characteristics on UAI among MSM couples at the dyadic level. METHODS Two hundred four MSM couples were recruited from a HIV testing clinic from April 2017 to April 2018 in Guangzhou, China. The actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) was applied for dyadic analysis. Each MSM couple was divided into the insertive role and the receptive role according to their regular anal sex role. In this context, actor effect is the impact of an MSM's intimate relationship characteristics on his own UAI, and partner effect is the impact of his partner's intimate relationship characteristics on his UAI. RESULTS Of the 408 participants, 58.82% had UAI with regular male sex partner (UAI-RP) and 8.09% had concurrent UAI. Intimate relationship characteristics were associated with concurrent UAI, but not associated with UAI-RP. For the receptive role, his relationship investment exerted significant actor and partner effects on concurrent UAI (AOR actor = 1.31, P < 0.001; AOR partner = 1.17, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, receptive role's violence experience within relationship exerted significant actor effects on his own concurrent UAI (AOR actor = 6.43, P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Relationship investment and violence experience influenced concurrent UAI among MSM couples and it varied in different sex roles. Additional assistance on empowerment, relationship therapy and sexual agreement is urgently needed to reduce their high possibility on engagement of HIV-related risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qingling Yang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Juan He
- Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiongzhi Fan
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhongqi Liu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jialing Qiu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhiwei Zheng
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jing Gu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health & Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Health Information Research Center & Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weibin Cheng
- Institute for Healthcare Artificial Intelligence Application, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuantao Hao
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health & Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Health Information Research Center & Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health & Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Health Information Research Center & Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Chun Hao
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health & Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Health Information Research Center & Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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16
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Zhang D, Zheng C, Li H, Li H, Liu Y, Wang X, Jia L, Chen L, Yang Z, Gan Y, Zhong Y, Han J, Li T, Li J, Zhao J, Li L. Molecular surveillance of HIV-1 newly diagnosed infections in Shenzhen, China from 2011 to 2018. J Infect 2021; 83:76-83. [PMID: 33932447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Shenzhen is suffering severe HIV epidemic. No systematic surveillance on high risk populations, HIV genetic diversity, transmitted drug resistance (TDR) and molecular transmission clusters (MTCs) have been reported yet. In this study, we described them based on newly diagnosed HIV positive cases from 2011 to 2018 in Shenzhen city, China. METHODS Plasma samples of newly reported HIV positive cases in Shenzhen, China were collected from 2011 to 2018. The HIV pol gene was amplified and sequenced for subtyping, genetic characterization, TDR and phylogenetic analysis. Demographic and risk characteristics associated with transmitted drug resistance-associated mutations (TDRAMs) and MTCs were explored by using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS 10,378 HIV pol sequences were successfully obtained from newly diagnosed patients with available background information. The most prevalent HIV-1 subtype was CRF07_BC (40.92%). CRF07_BC, CRF55_01B and URFs increased across years. Total TDR was 6.02% during 2011 to 2018. CRF01_AE, CRF08_BC, CRF55_01B and subtype B were more likely to be associated with TDRAMs than CRF07_BC. 4460 (42.98%) patients were infected with strains included in MTCs. Patients younger than 30 and over 50 years were more likely to cluster. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance and molecular transmission clusters in Shenzhen should raise a high alert. Interventions targeting on patients with strains locating in MTCs should be considered to improve prevention effect in Shenzhen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Chenli Zheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Hanping Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Hao Li
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Lei Jia
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhengrong Yang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China; Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yongxia Gan
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China; Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yifan Zhong
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China; Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jingwan Han
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Tianyi Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China.
| | - Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China.
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17
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Chen Y, Shen Z, Feng Y, Ruan Y, Li J, Tang S, Tang K, Liang S, Pang X, McNeil EB, Xing H, Chongsuvivatwong V, Lin M, Lan G. HIV-1 subtype diversity and transmission strain source among men who have sex with men in Guangxi, China. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8319. [PMID: 33859273 PMCID: PMC8050077 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87745-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid increase in HIV prevalence of men who have sex with men (MSM) in recent years and common human migration and travelling across different provinces in China, MSM are now finding it easier to meet each other, which might contribute to local HIV epidemics as well as fueling cross-province transmission. We performed a cross-sectional survey in 2018-2019 to investigate the current HIV subtype diversity and inferred HIV strain transmission origin among MSM in Guangxi province, China based on a phylogenetic analysis. Based on 238 samples, we found that the HIV-1 subtype diversity was more complicated than before, except for three major HIV subtypes/circulating recombinant forms (CRFs): CRF07_BC, CRF01_AE, CRF55_01B, five other subtypes/CRFs (CRF59_01B, B, CRF08_BC, CRF67_01B, CRF68_01B) and five unique recombinant forms (URFs) were detected. In total, 76.8% (169/220) of samples were infected with HIV from local circulating strains, while others originated from other provinces, predominantly Guangdong and Shanghai. The high diversity of HIV recombinants and complicated HIV transmission sources in Guangxi MSM indicates that there has been an active sexual network between HIV positive MSM both within and outside Guangxi without any effective prevention. Inter-province collaboration must be enforced to provide tailored HIV prevention and control services to MSM in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Institute of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Guangxi Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China
| | - Zhiyong Shen
- Institute of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Guangxi Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Institute of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Guangxi Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (SKLID), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yuhua Ruan
- Institute of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Guangxi Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (SKLID), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Institute of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Guangxi Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China
| | - Shuai Tang
- Institute of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Guangxi Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China
| | - Kailing Tang
- Institute of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Guangxi Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China
| | - Shujia Liang
- Institute of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Guangxi Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China
| | - Xianwu Pang
- Institute of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Guangxi Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China
| | - Edward B McNeil
- Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
| | - Hui Xing
- Institute of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Guangxi Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (SKLID), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 102206, China
| | | | - Mei Lin
- Institute of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Guangxi Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China.
| | - Guanghua Lan
- Institute of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Guangxi Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530028, China.
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Mental Health Services for Men Who Have Sex with Men in China. Community Ment Health J 2021; 57:380-386. [PMID: 32594327 PMCID: PMC7765735 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-020-00660-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the presence of mental health challenges and related service utilization among MSM in China. An online cross-sectional survey recruited 520 MSM in Guangdong, China, to evaluate the participants' psychiatric symptoms, service fulfillment, and challenges. A high proportion of the participants experienced at least one psychiatric symptom in the past year, but less than half of their mental health service needs were fulfilled. The preferred agencies for mental health services were provincial and city-level general hospitals or primary health centers. Lack of knowledge and misconceptions of mental health services were the primary reasons for not receiving necessary services. Mental health service fulfillment was associated with younger age, lower education, higher income, local residency, cohabitation, and disclosure of MSM status. The high rate of mental health issues and gaps in service seeking indicates an urgent need to increase mental health awareness among MSM.
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Huang XH, Yu G, Zheng C, Zhou PP, Anderson C, Zhao J, Lam TTY, Li Y, Chen L, Lin P, Zhang M, Yan J, He X. Genomic characterization of a new CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC case from a MSM patient in Guangdong, China. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6383-6387. [PMID: 33448453 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC clades dominate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics in China. Both clades have been identified in the men who have sex with men (MSM) population in Guangdong province, raising a serious concern of possible complex recombination events ahead. Here, we report the first case of CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC recombinant sampled from a MSM patient in southern China. The genomic structure of this case is a mosaic with some regions resembling the CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC clades. Our phylogenetic analyses show that the two parental lineages of this recombinant virus were mainly found in the MSM population. This case has a different genomic composition compared with other recombinants descended from the same parental clades CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC. Our finding suggests that the MSM populations have become a hotspot for expanding viral diversity through the viral recombination mechanism. Therefore, further epidemiologic surveillance and monitoring should be conducted within the MSM populations to help advance our knowledge of viral transmission mechanisms. Additionally, these measures will serve to enhance the control and prevention of HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-He Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guolong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenli Zheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping-Ping Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Claire Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jin Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang He
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Wang X, Li D, Gao M, Zhou Y, Guo C, Zhang T, Zhang L, Wang W. Factors Associated with Medication Adherence for People Living with Acute HIV Infection in a Tertiary Chinese Hospital in Beijing. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:1078716. [PMID: 33506008 PMCID: PMC7806394 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1078716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Both the management and caregiving intervention of people living with HIV (PLWH), especially during acute HIV-1 infection, represent a public health issue and a form of social support. This current study analyzed the demographic and clinical factors associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence of PLWH from positive HIV diagnosis to ART initiation in a tertiary Chinese hospital in Beijing. A total of 200 participants diagnosed with acute HIV-1 infection were enrolled in this study. We collected demographic and clinical data by the use of a self-reported questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to determine associations between potential variables and outcomes. We found that medication adherence was impacted by years of ART and number of reminders (all P < 0.05). In addition, medication adherence was associated with viral load at 48 weeks (P = 0.035). Future studies are needed to investigate effective interventions that could facilitate ART adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Wang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Meixia Gao
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yuefang Zhou
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Caiping Guo
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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21
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Lan Y, He X, Li L, Zhou P, Huang X, Deng X, Li J, Fan Q, Li F, Tang X, Cai W, Hu F. Complicated genotypes circulating among treatment naïve HIV-1 patients in Guangzhou, China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 87:104673. [PMID: 33309773 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Guangzhou city is the political, economic, and cultural center of the Guangdong Province, China. The molecular epidemiological characteristics of HIV-1 in Guangzhou are not widely known. The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics of HIV-1 genotypes among treatment naïve HIV/AIDS patients living in Guangzhou. HIV-1 RNA was extracted from serum specimens. The partial pol gene of the HIV-1 genome was amplified and sequenced. The genotypes were screened using the subtyping tool COMET and further confirmed by phylogenetic analysis, with the exception of the URFs that were analyzed by jpHMM and RIP. The distributions of HIV genotypes in different risk populations were analyzed. Subsequently, pol sequences were used to construct transmission networks and analyze drug resistance. Twelve HIV-1 genotypes including 3 subtypes and 9 CRFs, with several URFs were identified from 1388 HIV-1 sequences, which were derived from 1490 patients. The main genotypes circulating in Guangzhou were CRF07_BC (38.3%), CRF01_AE (32.3%), and CRF55_01B (10.7%). CRF01_AE was the secondary dominant strain and multiple lineages of CRF01_AE had been identified in Guangzhou. The 01B recombinant forms, including CRF55_01B, CRF59_01B and CRF68_01B, have circulated widely in Guangzhou. 42.22% (586/1388) of the study sequences fell into 143 transmission networks, and the three main clusters revealed that sequences from MSM and HET populations were intermixed. 5.40% (75/1388) of patients had pre-treatment drug resistance. The HIV-1 strains that were present in Guangzhou have demonstrated complex genotypes. Particular attention should be given on these genotypes for the further strategy of prevention and intervention of HIV transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lan
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Xiang He
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Linghua Li
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Pingping Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Xuhe Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Xizi Deng
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Junbin Li
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Qinghong Fan
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Feng Li
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Xiaoping Tang
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Weiping Cai
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China.
| | - Fengyu Hu
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China.
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Peng X, Xu Y, Wu N. Beijing as the hub of CRF07_BC transmission from the intravenous drug users to men who have sex with men in China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2020:AID.2020.0147. [PMID: 33287623 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2020.0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses officially retracts the Instant Online/Just Accepted version of the article entitled, "Beijing as the hub of CRF07_BC transmission from the intravenous drug users to men who have sex with men in China" (epub 7 Dec 2020; doi.org/10.1089/aid.2020.0147). A technical issue caused the unedited, accepted version to post online before all plagiarism checks were finalized. Those checks determined that there was too much duplication from previously published sources which prevented the continuance to final publication. The technical issue that caused the premature posting has since been corrected. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses and its Publisher are committed to upholding the standards of scientific publishing and the community it serves. BACKGROUND The HIV-1 CRF07_BC strain has been increasing in frequency in China, is now the major recombination subtype in the men who have sex with men (MSM) population. However, to date, the evolutionary history of CRF07_BC in MSM in China has not been explored in greater detail. METHODS All available partial gag, pol and env segments of CRF07_BC were obtained from the Los Alamos HIV database. We performed phylogenetic analysis for these fragments by using the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, as implemented in BEAST. We estimated the history of viral migration between different areas over time using the discrete Bayesian phylogeographical method. RESULTS Spatial reconstruction showed that Yunnan had the highest root state posterior probability (0.89 in pol, 0.60 in gag, 0.87 in env). The virus migrated from Yunnan to Beijing in 1990s through intravenous drug users (IDU). The highest root state posterior probability of MSM cluster is Beijing (0.93 in pol, 0.90 in gag and 0.37 in env). In the beginning of 2000s, Beijing became the primary epicenter as CRF07_BC had expanded their geographical distribution to many provinces in China in MSM population. Guangdong and Shanghai were secondary epicenters, with a large extent of viruses. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the spatial and temporal spread of CRF07_BC in MSM population in China. It revealed that Beijing was the hub of CRF07_BC transmission from IDU to MSM in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Peng
- Zhejiang University, 12377, 79 qingchun Road, Hangzhou, China, 310058;
| | - Yufan Xu
- Zhejiang University, 12377, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Nanping Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;
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23
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Chen C, Huang J, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Xiaonan Yu N. Resilience Moderated the Predictive Effect of Dual Stigma on Distress Among Chinese Newly Diagnosed HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men. AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR AIDS EDUCATION 2020; 32:403-415. [PMID: 33112678 DOI: 10.1521/aeap.2020.32.5.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have examined the distinct stigmas of people living with HIV or of men who have sex with men (MSM). To capture the composite stress of HIV-positive MSM and the mixed stigma they experience, we conceptualized a compound stigma combining HIV status and homosexual identity. At two waves with an interval of 6 months, the results of 112 Chinese newly diagnosed HIV-positive MSM showed that dual stigma at baseline increased distress symptoms 6 months later. Resilience moderated these effects, as the dual stigma increased, distress symptoms intensified more rapidly for individuals with lower resilience than they did for those with higher resilience. Our findings highlight that dual stigma, as an intensified risk factor, predicted distress among the Chinese newly diagnosed HIV-positive MSM, conditioned by the protective factor of resilience. The results have strong implications for developing resilience-based intervention programs in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiasheng Huang
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, China
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Nancy Xiaonan Yu
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, China
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Yan F, Shi CX, Zhang Y, Chen J, Williams AB, Li X. "I'll Change His Sexual Orientation, I Don't Think About HIV": A Qualitative Study to Explore Attitudes, Behaviors, and Experiences Among Wives of Men Who Have Sex With Men in Mainland China. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2020; 31:428-438. [PMID: 32205501 PMCID: PMC7478852 DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In mainland China, HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) has risen sharply in the past decade. However, few HIV studies have directly addressed the female spouses' (tongqi) experiences, a population estimated at 14 million [Cheng, F. K. (2016). I want to come forward: Voices from Chinese tongqi. Cogent Social Sciences, 2(1), 1158343. doi:10.1080/23311886.2016.1158343; Zhu, J. (2018). "Unqueer" kinship? Critical reflections on "marriage fraud" in mainland China. Sexualities, 21(7), 1075-1091. doi:10.1177/1363460717719240]. We conducted this exploratory qualitative study to understand tongqi's attitudes toward same-sex sexuality and HIV risk as well as their sexual history. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 24 tongqi between October 2015 and September 2016. Data were coded and analyzed using thematic analysis. We identified four primary themes: (a) surprise, initial disbelief, and negative attitudes toward their husbands' same-sex sexuality; (b) maintenance of regular sexual contact, particularly before pregnancy; (c) unprotected sex with marital and extramarital partners; and (d) low perception of HIV risk. Strategies to increase HIV knowledge and testing uptake are urgently needed among these vulnerable women but must be implemented with caution to avoid exacerbating high levels of homophobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yan
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, Mainland China
| | - Cynthia X. Shi
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ye Zhang
- Zhuhai Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangzhou, Mainland China
| | - Jia Chen
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, Mainland China
| | - Ann Bartley Williams
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Xianhong Li
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, Mainland China
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Zhang J, Yao J, Jiang J, Pan X, Luo M, Xia Y, Fan Q, Ding X, Ruan J, Handel A, Bahl J, Chen W, Zha L, Fu T. Migration interacts with the local transmission of HIV in developed trade areas: A molecular transmission network analysis in China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 84:104376. [PMID: 32454244 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The HIV-1 epidemic is a remarkable public health concern in China, especially in developed trade areas. We aimed to investigate the interaction of migration with the local transmission network in a typical trade area, Yiwu City, the world's largest commodity distribution center. Based on 390 pol sequences from 413 participants diagnosed between 2014 and 2016, putative transmission clusters and the underlying demographic and behavioral characteristics were analyzed. Recent infection status was determined by HIV-1 limiting antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay to identify active clusters. Multiple subtypes were identified, with a predominance of CRF01_AE (47.4%) and CRF07_BC (40.8%), followed by 9 other subtypes and 8 URFs. Multivariable analyses revealed that individuals in clusters were more likely to be local residents, infected through heterosexual behaviors, and infected with CRF01_AE (P < .05). Of men who have sex with men (MSM), 81% were linked to other MSM, and only 3% were linked to heterosexual women. Of heterosexual women, 67% were linked to heterosexual men, and 11% to MSM. Yiwu residents were more likely to link to locals than that of migrants (43% vs 20%, P < .001). By contrast, local MSM and migrant MSM all had high percentages of linkage to migrant MSM (57% vs 69%, P = .069). Our findings reveal that migration promotes the dissemination and dynamic change of HIV, which are interwoven between locals and migrants. The results highlight the far-reaching influence of migrant MSM on the local HIV transmission network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Zhang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Jiaming Yao
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Xiaohong Pan
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China.
| | - Mingyu Luo
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Qin Fan
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Xiaobei Ding
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Jianjun Ruan
- Yiwu Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Andreas Handel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Informatics Institute, Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Justin Bahl
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Wanjun Chen
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Lianqi Zha
- Yiwu Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Tao Fu
- Yiwu Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yiwu 322000, China.
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HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and drug resistance-associated mutations among treatment-naïve blood donors in China. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7571. [PMID: 32371875 PMCID: PMC7200736 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Surveillance of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) molecular diversity and drug resistance-associated mutations (DRMs) among treatment-naïve blood donors is critical for monitoring viral evolution and blood safety. From 2016-2017, 199 plasma samples were collected from 24 blood centers and confirmed as HIV viral load positive or serologically reactive in National Centers for Clinical Laboratories (NCCL), of which 179 were sequenced and subtyped in the gag, protease (PR)-reverse transcriptase (RT), integrase (IN) and/or envelope (env) regions. DRMs in PR-RT and IN regions were analyzed in Stanford HIVdb Program. The majority of subtypes were circulating recombinant form (CRF) 07_BC (34.6%) and CRF01_AE (32.4%); many unique recombinant forms (URFs) (39, 21.8%) and other rare CRFs were observed in the study. Notably, CRF02_AG and CRF06_cpx strains typically found in Africa were firstly identified amongst Chinese blood donors. DRMs were common, with 28 of 179 (15.6%) specimens carrying DRMs, including the PR N88S and RT K103N mutations, which have been implicated in elevated resistance to antiretroviral drugs. Furthermore, 4 HIV-1 isolates (2.4%, 4/168) had surveillance drug-resistance mutation (SDRM), including 3 nonnucleosidereverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) SDRMs (1 K101E, 2 K103N) and 1 protease inhibitor (PI) SDRM (M46I). The HIV viral diversity among blood donors observed in this study suggest that ongoing HIV-1 recombination is becoming progressively complex in China, and lots of DRMs found in the study exacerbate the primary drug resistance landscape, which highlight the necessity of timely genotypic drug resistance monitoring and molecular surveillance of HIV-1 among blood donors.
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The prevalence, temporal trends, and geographical distribution of HIV-1 subtypes among men who have sex with men in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol Infect 2020; 147:e83. [PMID: 30869019 PMCID: PMC6518548 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268818003400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this meta-analysis was to provide a comprehensive overview of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 subtypes and to investigate temporal and geographical trends of the HIV-1 epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. Chinese and English articles published between January 2007 and December 2017 were systematically searched. Pooled HIV-1 prevalence was calculated, and its stability was analysed using sensitivity analysis. Subgroups were based on study time period, sampling area and prevalence. Publication bias was measured using Funnel plot and Egger's test. A total of 68 independent studies that included HIV-1 molecular investigations were eligible for meta-analysis. Circulating recombinant form (CRF) 01_AE (57.36%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 53.76–60.92) was confirmed as the most prevalent HIV-1 subtype among MSM in China. Subgroup analysis for time period found that CRF01_AE steadily increased prior to 2012 but decreased during 2012–2016. Further whereas CRF07_BC increased over time, B/B′ decreased over time. CRF55_01B has increased in recent years, with higher pooled estimated rate in Guangdong (12.22%, 95% CI 10.34–13.17) and Fujian (8.65%, 95% CI 4.98–13.17) provinces. The distribution of HIV-1 subtypes among MSM in China has changed across different regions and periods. HIV-1 strains in MSM are becoming more complex. Long-term molecular monitoring in this population remains necessary for HIV-1 epidemic control and prevention.
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HIV-1 Drug Resistance, Distribution of Subtypes, and Drug Resistance-Associated Mutations in Virologic Failure Individuals in Chengdu, Southwest China, 2014-2016. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5894124. [PMID: 32280691 PMCID: PMC7128060 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5894124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The National Free Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Program in China has initiated to provide ART to HIV-1 patients, which has acted as an efficient method to suppress viral replication and helps prevent onward transmissions. But the problems of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) may also come along. There is little data on the prevalence of HIVDR in Chengdu, where the number of HIV/AIDS patients ranks first among provincial capitals. Therefore, epidemiological surveillance was conducted in this area. From 2014 to 2016, HIV/AIDS patients (15 years and older) who had received first-line ART for at least six months were enrolled. Demographic, behavioral information and medical history were recorded, and blood samples were collected for viral loads and immune cell count analyses. HIV-1 pol was obtained for HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance-associated mutations (DRMs) among virologic failure patients. A total of 13,782 individuals were enrolled, and 481 samples were sequenced for subtypes and drug resistance analysis. Six subtypes were identified, among which CRF01_AE (54.3%) and CRF07_BC (41.6%) were the dominant subtypes, and CRF55_01B (0.4%) was detected in Chengdu for the first time. The prevalence of HIVDR in treatment-experienced patients was 1.8%, with 1.2% to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), 1.7% to non-NRTIs (NNRTIs), and 0.14% to protease inhibitors (PIs). The leading DRMs observed in the study were M184I/V (59.59%) against NRTIs and K103N (37.55%) against NNRTIs. This study focused on the HIVDR surveillance among patients receiving treatment in Chengdu. The overall prevalence of HIVDR was relatively low among treated patients. These findings were believed to be contributed to an understanding of HIV-1 subtypes, HIVDR prevalence, and DRMs in Chengdu and thereby optimizing clinical management, prevention, and control of HIV.
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29
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Abstract
To investigate the genetic diversity, spatiotemporal dynamics, and transmission networks of HIV-1 CRF55_01B epidemic in China. A total of 209 partial pol gene sequences of HIV-1 CRF55_01B were sampled during 2007–2015 from 7 provinces of China. Phylogenetic analyses and trait diffusion process of these sequences were performed using Bayesian methods. Distance-based molecular network analyses were performed to infer putative relationships. Characteristics of genetically linked individuals were analyzed. Our study identified that HIV-1 CRF55_01B likely originated among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangdong province in January 2003 (April 2000–April 2005), and that Guangdong province and MSM are major hubs for the spread of the HIV-1 CRF55_01B epidemic in China. A Bayesian Skygrid plot revealed that the effective population size of HIV-1 CRF55_01B experienced increased phase followed by a plateau. All sequences from persons of unknown risk clustered within groups who reported MSM risk. This could be because Chinese MSM may not report such risk due to HIV/AIDS-related stigmatization and discrimination. This study inferred the transmission dynamics of the HIV-1 CRF55_01B epidemic in China at high resolution. The methods developed in this study may be critical for designing effective HIV prevention strategies in China and beyond.
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Zhou J, Lu X, Feng Y, Li M, Zhu Y, Kang R, Zhou Z, Liu L, Cao Z, Ge Z, Ou W, li K, Ruan Y, Liao L, Shao Y, Xing H. Genome Sequence of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF103_01B) Identified from Hebei Province, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2020; 36:234-241. [PMID: 31482718 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported a novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF) among three epidemiologically unlinked patients through men having sex with men in Hebei Province, China. It was named CRF103_01B (this is temporary as we have not received the CRF number from HIV databases). A near full-length genome phylogenetic tree showed that CRF103_01B was generated by three B (Western origin) segments and CRF01_AE that was described as cluster 5 lineage of CRF01_AE (CRF01-5). The emergence of CRF103_01B increased the complexity of the HIV-1 epidemic in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Lu
- Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Zhu
- Baoding Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baoding, China
| | - Ruihua Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zehua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangwen Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Weidong Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Kang li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuhua Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lingjie Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
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Zhang D, Wu J, Zhang Y, Shen Y, Dai S, Wang X, Xing H, Lin J, Han J, Li J, Qin Y, Liu Y, Miao L, Su B, Li H, Li L. Genetic characterization of HIV-1 epidemic in Anhui Province, China. Virol J 2020; 17:17. [PMID: 32014042 PMCID: PMC6998069 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-1281-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anhui Province in China is facing a severe HIV epidemic with an increasing number of newly diagnosed cases. Methods In this study, HIV genetic characteristics in the province were investigated. Newly reported HIV-positive individuals from 15 districts of Anhui Province were enrolled and interviewed. Total viral RNA was extracted from plasma isolated from blood samples. We amplified and sequenced an HIV pol fragment of the 1062 bp. The sequences were used for determination of HIV subtypes and the presence of drug resistance mutations. Transmission networks were constructed to explore possible relationships. And all of assembled partial pol genes were submitted to the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database website to find the transmitted drug resistance. Results Partial pol gene sequences were obtained from 486 cases. The results showed that MSM was the most dominant transmission route (253, 52.06%), followed by heterosexual transmission (210, 43.21%) and blood-borne transmission (1, 0.21%). Many subtypes were identified, including CRF01_AE (226, 46.50%), CRF07_BC (151, 31.07%), subtype B (28, 5.76%), CRF08_BC (20, 4.12%), CRF55_01B (15, 3.09%), CRF68_01B (7, 1.44%), CRF67_01B (3, 0.62%), CRF57_BC (2, 0.41%), CRF59_01B (2, 0.41%), CRF79_0107 (2, 0.41%), subtype C (2, 0.41%), CRF64_BC (1, 0.21%), and circulating recombinant forms (URFs) (27, 5.55%). Four transmission subnetworks containing high transmission risk individuals (with degree ≥4) were identified based on CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC sequences, including two CRF01_AE transmission subnetworks constituted by elderly people with average ages of 67.9 and 61.5 years. Infection occurred most likely through heterosexual transmission, while the other two CRF07_BC transmission subnetworks consist mainly of MSMs with average ages of 31.73 and 34.15. The level of HIV-transmitted drug resistance is 3.09%. Conclusions The simultaneous spread of multiple HIV subtypes in Anhui province underscores that close surveillance of the local HIV epidemic is necessary. Furthermore, the elderly people were frequently involved, arguing for behaviour intervention in this specific population besides the MSM risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yuelan Shen
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Sheying Dai
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Hui Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jingwan Han
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yizu Qin
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Lifeng Miao
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Bin Su
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Hanping Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
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Han M, Tang S, Li Z, Guan X, Zheng N, Wang L, Zhang D, Hu G. Genetic Characterization of a Novel HIV-1 CRF07_BC/CRF55_01B Recombinant Form Identified in Jiangmen, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2020; 36:134-137. [PMID: 31482714 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
New recombinant variants are a predominant challenge for preventing the spread of the HIV-1 epidemic. In this study, we confirmed a novel HIV-1 CRF07_BC/CRF55_01B recombinant form for the first time, which was isolated from a male patient in Jiangmen, China. The genomic sequence of the variant with four CRF55_01B segments inserted into the CRF07_BC backbone is 8,510 bp in length, extending from nucleotides 669 to 9,293 according to the HXB2 genome. Specifically, the recombinant strain contains site mutations associated with drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Han
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shixing Tang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiju Li
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Guan
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nancai Zheng
- Institute of STD/AIDS Prevention and Control, Jiangmen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Institute of STD/AIDS Prevention and Control, Jiangmen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Donghe Zhang
- Institute of STD/AIDS Prevention and Control, Jiangmen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guifang Hu
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Ge Z, Getaneh Y, Liang Y, Lv B, Liu Z, Li K, Ou W, Liu D, Ma P, Shao Y. Identification of a Novel HIV-1 Second-Generation (CRF01_AE/B) Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Tianjin, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2020; 36:138-142. [PMID: 31482723 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report a novel HIV-1 second-generation recombinant form composed of CRF01_AE and subtype B detected from a married HIV-positive male subject infected through homosexual behavior in Tianjin in northern China. The near full-length genome analyses showed that two regions of subtype B inserted into the CRF01_AE backbone with four recombinant breakpoints observed in the pol gene region. Subregion tree analyses demonstrated that the CRF01_AE regions of the recombinant were greatly clustered with the CRF01_AE subcluster 4 lineage, which was found primarily among men who have sex with men (MSM) in northern China. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detection of a novel HIV-1 second-generation recombinant form (CRF01AE/B) in Tianjin, which indicates active transmission networks of HIV-1 infection among MSM in this region. The emergence of the novel second-generation recombinant form highlights the increasing complexity of HIV-1 epidemic among MSM population and the importance to monitor potential novel circulating recombinant forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangwen Ge
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yimam Getaneh
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bowen Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanmou Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Weidong Ou
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Nankai University Second People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Ma
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Second People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Zuo L, Liu K, Liu H, Hu Y, Zhang Z, Qin J, Xu Q, Peng K, Jin X, Wang JH, Zhang C. Trend of HIV-1 drug resistance in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis of data accumulated over 17 years (2001-2017). EClinicalMedicine 2020; 18:100238. [PMID: 31922125 PMCID: PMC6948268 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.100238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence and spread of HIV-1 drug resistance may compromise HIV control globally. In response to HIV/AIDS epidemic, China launched national HIV/AIDS treatment program in 2003, and started to accumulate drug resistance data since 2001. In this study we aimed to assess the level, trend and distribution of HIV-1 drug resistance during a period of 17 years from 2001 to 2017, and to characterize crucial drug resistance mutations. METHODS We systematically reviewed 4737 studies published between January 1, 2001 and March 31, 2019 in PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Database, Web of Science, conference abstracts from the Chinese Medical Association and the Chinese AIDS Academic Conferences, and selected 170 studies that met our study criteria. To assess the prevalence of drug resistance in whole country or a local region, we performed pooled analyses of raw data. The transformed proportions were pooled using the inverse variance fixed effects methods or the DerSimonian-Laired random effects methods. The temporal trend of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) was determined using generalized additive model implemented in the Mgcv version 1.8 package. HIV-1 genotypic resistance was analyzed using the Stanford HIVdb algorithm. FINDINGS We assembled 218 datasets from 170 selected studies (129 in Chinese and 41 in English), covering 21,451 ART-naïve and 30,475 ART-treated individuals with HIV-1 infection. The pooled prevalence of TDR was 3.0% (95%CI: 2.8-3.2), including 0.7% (95%CI: 0.4-1.0), 1.4% (95%CI: 1.3-1.6) and 0.5% (95%CI: 0.4-0.6) for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), non-NRTI (NNRTI) and protease inhibitor (PI) resistance, respectively. The acquired drug resistance (ADR) prevalence was 44.7% (95%CI: 39.3-50.2), including 31.4% (95%CI: 28.2-34.6), 39.5% (95%CI: 35.6-43.5) and 1.0% (95%CI: 0.8-1.2) for NRTI, NNRTI and PI resistance, respectively. TDR and ADR prevalence had characteristic regional patterns. The worst prevalence of drug resistance occurred in Central China, and higher ADR prevalence occurred in South China than North China. TDR in whole country has risen since 2012, and this rise was driven mainly by NNRTI resistance. One NRTI-associated (M184V/I) and three NNRTI-associated (K103N/S, Y181C/I and G190A/S) mutations had high percentages in ART-naïve and ART-treated individuals, and these mutations conferred high-level resistance to 3TC, EFV and/or NVP. INTERPRETATION These findings suggest that the current available first-line ART regimens containing 3TC and/or EFV or NVP need to be revised. In addition, scale-up of multiple viral load measurements per year and drug resistance testing prior to ART initiation are recommended. Furthermore, implementation of pre-treatment education and counseling to improve patient adherence to ART is encouraged. FUNDING This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81672033, U1302224, and 81271888) and Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of Virology of China (2019IOV002).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zuo
- Institute of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kai Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Honglian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yihong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianru Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Qinggang Xu
- Institute of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002, China
| | - Ke Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Joint Laboratory of Invertebrate Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xia Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Corresponding author.
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Ge Z, Liu D, Lv B, Liang Y, Li K, Feng Y, Sun J, Ou W, Ma P, Shao Y. Genomic Characterization of a Novel HIV-1 CRF01_AE/07_BC Recombinant Virus from a Married Man Who Has Sex with Men in Tianjin, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2019; 35:780-784. [PMID: 31187637 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report in this study a novel HIV-1 second-generation recombinant form (TJIH0172) composed of CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC isolated from a married HIV-positive male subject infected through homosexual behavior in Tianjin, China. The phylogenetic analysis of the near full-length genome of TJIH0172 reveals that one region of CRF07_BC inserted into the CRF01_AE backbone with two recombinant breakpoints observed in the vpu and env gene regions, respectively. The CRF01_AE regions (the regions I and III) of the recombinant are greatly clustered with the CRF01_AE subcluster 4 lineage, which is mainly circulating among men who have sex with men (MSM) in northern China. The CRF07_BC region (II) is clustered with two sequences (JX960600 and KF250366), which were discovered in the MSM population in Liaoning Province and Beijing city in northern China, respectively. The emergence of the novel recombinant strain from a married man who has sex with men in Tianjin, China, highlights the increasing complexity of the HIV-1 epidemic between MSM and their female partners and further molecular epidemiological investigation should be taken to track married MSM and their female partners to prevent HIV transmit from HIV high-risk populations to general populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangwen Ge
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Nankai University Second People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bowen Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yi Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Ou
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ping Ma
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Second People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Wu ZL, Guan GY, Zhao JH, Ma XM, Wang XM, Yang DZ, Cao M, Rawle DJ. Dynamic Characteristics and HIV Infection of Men who have Sex with Men from 2011 to 2017 in Yinchuan, Ningxia, China. Curr HIV Res 2019; 16:364-373. [PMID: 30659545 PMCID: PMC6446446 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x17666190119094035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, an important area for ethnic Hui settlement in Northwest China, is a low HIV prevalence region. However, HIV infection rates among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Ningxia have increased to an alarming level, despite scale-up of control measures in recent years. This study aimed to understand the demographical and sexual behavior dynamics of MSM and to explore the factors associated with HIV infection. METHODS Annual cross-sectional surveys were carried out among MSM during 2011~2017 in Yinchuan, the capital city of Ningxia. Information regarding social demographics, sexual behavior and HIV prevention knowledge was collected. Blood samples were taken for HIV, HCV serological and genetic analysis, and syphilis serological analysis. The dynamic trend was analyzed with trend χ2 test and factors associated with HIV infection were identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The study found a decreasing trend for mean age of the MSM population over the study period. MSMs with a college education or higher increased significantly, while the proportions that were in a marriage significantly decreased over the study period. The rate of HIV positive among MSM increased during the study period (p<0.05), however, the rate of recently diagnosed infections decreased from 2012 (p<0.05). Overall, a very high proportion (98%) of MSM had basic knowledge of HIV prevention, however, only approximately 40% of them used condoms consistently during anal sex with male partners. Unprotected anal sex was identified as a risk factor associated with HIV infection, as was syphilis infection. Local residency status and MSM who received intervention and detection services were the factors that decreased HIV infection risk. Sequence analysis identified the HIV-1 CRF55_01B subtype from MSM for the first time in Yinchuan. CONCLUSION The reduction of recent HIV diagnoses is an encouraging sign of successful HIV control measures in MSM in Ningxia. The finding that a high proportion of MSM had knowledge of HIV prevention but still conducted unprotected sex highlights the need for further control measures to change unsafe sexual practices among MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Lan Wu
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Guang-Yu Guan
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhao
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Xue-Min Ma
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Xue-Min Wang
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Dong-Zhi Yang
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Min Cao
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Daniel J Rawle
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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Zhang W, Zhang H, Li Y, Liu J, Long Q, Cheng B, Liang Q, Kong Y, Huang L, Wu L. Genomic Characterization of a New HIV-1 CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC Recombinant Virus Form in Guizhou in Southwest China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2019; 35:684-688. [PMID: 30924681 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel HIV-1 second-generation recombinant form (CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC) was isolated from an HIV-positive subject among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guizhou province in Southwest China. Recombinant analyses of the near full-length genome suggested that the strain was composed of CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC with one region of CRF07-BC inserted into a CRF01-AE backbone. Further analysis indicated that the CRF01_AE regions of the recombinant were highly clustered together with a subcluster 4 lineage of CRF01_AE, which is exclusively circulating among MSM in China. The CRF07_BC region of the recombinant was clustered with the CRF07_BC cluster, which was identified among MSM. The emergence of the novel HIV-1 recombinant may be a harbinger of more novel intersubtypes recombinants occurring in Guizhou province in Southwest China, and was of great important in understanding the dynamics and complexity of the HIV-1 epidemic in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangming Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jiangkou County, Tongren, Guizhou, China
| | - Jinhe Liu
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qingyuan Long
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Kaili, Guizhou, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qiulin Liang
- Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yihua Kong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Kaili, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling Huang
- People's Hospital of Zunyi City Bo Zhou District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Li Wu
- People's Hospital of Zunyi City Bo Zhou District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Jia D, Zhao J, Liu Y, Wang X, Jia L, Gui T, Chen L, Zheng C, Han J, Li T, Li J, Li H, Li L. Two-year cross-sectional studies reveal that single, young MSMs in Shenzhen, China are at high risk for HIV infection. Virol J 2019; 16:83. [PMID: 31228958 PMCID: PMC6589171 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1189-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shenzhen City is a rapidly growing area with a large number of floating populations, thus making it difficult to control HIV. Serial cross-sectional studies are helpful for the prediction of epidemiological tendency. In this study, two parallel cross-sectional studies were compared to explore changes in HIV epidemiology in Shenzhen, China. METHODS Two hundred and fifty newly reported HIV-positive cases were randomly selected in Shenzhen City in 2013 and 2015. Socio-demographical information was collected with informed consent. Full-length gag and partial pol genes were amplified using nested RT-PCR followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The genotypes of anti-HIV drug resistance were also analyzed. The characteristics of the HIV epidemics of 2013 and 2015 were compared to identify patterns. RESULTS The proportion of single, young MSMs dramatically increased in 2015 compared to 2013. Many subtypes, including CRF07_BC (36.4%), CRF01_AE (34.1%), CRF55_01B (10.2%), B (6.4%), CRF08_BC (3.4%), CRF59_01B (0.9%), C (0.7%), D (0.2%), CRF68_01B (0.2%), CRF67_01B (0.2%), and unique recombinant forms (URFs, 7.3%), were identified. Close phylogenetic relationships between strains prevalent in Shenzhen and other areas of China was observed. No epidemic cluster confined to single, young MSMs was identified. 0.4 and 2.8% of the strains contained transmitted drug-resistant mutations in 2013 and 2015, respectively. CONCLUSION Although the interval period is short, changes in HIV epidemiology in Shenzhen City are distinct. Frequent surveillance of HIV epidemics in Shenzhen City is thus necessary. Single, young MSMs have become a high-risk population for HIV infection and should be considered as focus population for HIV prevention and behavior intervention in Shenzhen City.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijing Jia
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Lei Jia
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Tao Gui
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenli Zheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingwan Han
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Hanping Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China.
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Zhou PP, Yu G, Kuang YQ, Huang XH, Li Y, Fu X, Lin P, Yan J, He X. Rapid and complicated HIV genotype expansion among high-risk groups in Guangdong Province, China. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:185. [PMID: 30795762 PMCID: PMC6387515 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3788-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Guangdong Province is one of the most developed and populous provinces in southern China, with frequent foreign exchanges and large transient population. The annual number of cases of HIV/AIDS reported in Guangdong has been higher than most of provinces in China for several successive years. HIV infection by heterosexual transmission occurs across the province, with transmission among men who have sex with men occurring mainly in larger urban centers. There is a lack of widespread and representative data on the distribution of HIV subtypes in Guangdong. This study aimed to thoroughly investigate and estimate the prevalence and distribution of HIV-1 subtypes using a city-based sampling strategy to better understand the characteristics of HIV transmission in Guangdong. Methods Archived plasma samples (n = 1205) from individuals diagnosed as HIV-1 infection in 2013 were selected randomly from all 21 cities in Guangdong Province. Genotypes were determined using env and/or gag sequences using phylogenetic analysis. The distributions of HIV genotypes in different risk groups and different cities were analyzed. Results A total of 15 genotypes, including six discordant genotypes, were identified. The four main HIV-1 subtypes in Guangdong were CRF01_AE (43.2%), CRF07_BC (26.3%), CRF55_01B (8.5%), and CRF08_BC (8.4%). CRF01_AE was the predominant subtype in all risk populations. The high mobility of people shaped the complexity of the HIV genotypes, while the switch of risk factors affected the distribution and future trend of HIV-1 genotypes in Guangdong. Another epicenter located in the western region in addition to the known epicenter cities in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong may exist. Conclusions Our study provides a comprehensive molecular epidemiologic dataset to understand the diversity and distribution of HIV genotypes in Guangdong, as well as to clarify the unique region- and risk group-specific transmission dynamics. The results provide critical and insightful information for more effective intervention strategies to limit HIV transmission in the future. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-019-3788-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ping Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Guolong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Yi-Qun Kuang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511430, China.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Xu-He Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Yan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511430, China.
| | - Xiang He
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511430, China.
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40
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Huang Q, Ou W, Feng Y, Li F, Li K, Sun J, Ge Z, Xing H, Liang H, Shao Y. Near Full-Length Genomic Characterization of HIV-1 CRF01_AE/B Recombinant Strains Identified in Hebei, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2019; 35:196-204. [PMID: 30117324 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2018.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports a novel HIV-1 recombinant form of CRF01_AE/B that was isolated from a 22-year-old male individual (HE150308) residing in Hebei province, China. The near full-length genome (NFLG) phylogenetic tree showed that the strain was clustered with CRF01_AE reference sequences and placed at the peripheral position within the branch of CRF01_AE strains. The bootscaning and similarity plot analysis revealed that the NFLG of this novel recombinant was composed of eight interlaced segments, including four CRF01_AE and four subtype B segments separated by seven breakpoints observed in the gag, pol, and nef regions of HIV-1 genome. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the CRF01_AE subregions were from the previously identified CRF01_AE cluster 5, and the B subregions were correlated with the B strains originated from Europe and America. They were all the lineages widely prevalent in men who have sex with men (MSM) population in China. In recent years, a large number of recombinants between CRF01_AE and B strains are constantly emerging in the MSM population in China. This continual and recurrent recombination between CRF01_AE and B in high-risk group people deserves more attention and further monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Ou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jia Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangwen Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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Yang LG, Zhang XH, Zhao PZ, Chen ZY, Ke WJ, Ren XQ, Wang LY, Chen WY, Tucker JD. Gonorrhea and chlamydia prevalence in different anatomical sites among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in Guangzhou, China. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:675. [PMID: 30563478 PMCID: PMC6299533 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3579-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A high rectal and oropharyngeal sexually transmitted infection (STI) burden has been reported among men who have sex with men (MSM) in many regions, but little data exists on rectal and oropharyngeal STIs among MSM in China. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of gonorrhea and chlamydia at different anatomic sites among MSM in Guangzhou, China. Methods We recruited a cross-sectional sample of MSM in one Chinese city and collected detailed information about socio-demographic characteristics and sexual behaviors. Men had urine, rectal, and pharyngeal swab samples tested for gonorrhea and chlamydia using nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT). Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to evaluate factors associated with gonorrhea and chlamydia. Among men without any STI symptoms, we also examined the prevalence of gonorrhea and chlamydia by anatomical site. Results We enrolled 463 men between January 2015 and March 2017. A total of 58/463 (12.5%) of men had gonorrhea and 84/463 (18.1%) had chlamydia. MSM with gonorrhea were more likely to have been recruited from the STI clinic (OR 3.41, 95% CI 1.94–5.99), living with HIV (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.18–4.92), diagnosed had STI co-infection (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.39–4.69). MSM with chlamydia were more likely to be students (OR 1.8, 95% CI 0.99–3.39). Most gonorrhea (34/58, 59%) and chlamydia (64/84, 76%) infections were not associated with STI symptoms. Conclusion Asymptomatic gonorrhea and chlamydia infection were common in this sample of Chinese MSM. Further research is necessary to determine optimal STI screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Gang Yang
- Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, 510091, China.
| | - Xiao-Hui Zhang
- Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.,Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Pei-Zhen Zhao
- Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.,Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Chen
- Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.,Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Wu-Jian Ke
- Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.,Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Xu-Qi Ren
- Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.,Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Liu-Yuan Wang
- Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.,Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Wei-Ying Chen
- Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.,Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Joseph D Tucker
- Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.,Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, 510091, China.,Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, USA.,Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Li K, Ou W, Feng Y, Sun J, Ge Z, Xing H, Liang H, Shao Y. Near Full-Length Genomic Characterization of a Novel HIV Type 1 Recombinant Form (CRF01_AE/B) Identified from Anhui, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2018; 34:1100-1105. [PMID: 30073841 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2018.0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 recombinant forms contribute substantially to its genetic evolution. This study reports a novel HIV-1 second-generation recombinant form (AH150299) composed of CRF01_AE and subtype B, isolated from an HIV-positive female subject infected through heterosexual contact in Anhui province of eastern China. The analyses of the near full-length genome sequence showed that one subtype B segment was inserted into the CRF01_AE backbone, with two recombinant breakpoints observed in the vif/vpr and env/nef gene regions. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the CRF01_AE region of the recombinant belongs to CRF01_AE cluster 4, and the B subregions were correlated with the B strains circulating among men who have sex with men in China. In recent years, the emergence of novel recombinant strains reflected the complexity of the HIV-1 epidemic in Anhui, suggesting the significance of continuous monitoring of the dynamic transmissions of HIV-1 in eastern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Ou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangwen Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Lian Y, Zhao Y, Wang J, Shi C, Wang K, Wang X, Wu G, Wei H, Wei X, Luo Y, Zhao M, Wu Z. A health communication intervention to integrate partner testing with antiretroviral therapy service among men who have sex with men in China: an observational cohort study. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1235. [PMID: 30400787 PMCID: PMC6219259 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6147-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In China, antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics focus on treating people living with HIV and are not required to undertake testing of high-risk populations. To improve partner testing among MSM, we implemented a health communication pilot intervention integrating partner testing with ART services. We aimed to assess the feasibility of the partner referral service and identify the predictors of both successful partner referral for HIV testing and HIV-positive test results among referred partners. Methods This program ran from April 2014 through December 2015 at designated ART clinics in six cities. The index participants, men living with HIV enrolled at an ART clinic, were assigned a case manager who assumed responsibility for routine ART-related counseling and mobilization of HIV-positive index participants for partner referral testing. Case managers were either nurses or contract staff. The successful referral rate was the proportion of index participants who referred a sexual partner for HIV testing. The HIV-positive partner rate was the proportion of the newly referred contacts who tested HIV-positive. Factors associated with the successful referral rate and the HIV-positive partner rate were assessed. Results Two thousand three hundred eighty-two index participants were enrolled. The median age was 30 years (IQR 26–37). 829index participants (34.80%) successfully referred at least one sexual partner for screening, and 92 (11.10%) referred partners were HIV-positive. Having a hospital nurse as case manager was associated with both successful partner referral (AHR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.36–1.80) and having a HIV-positive partner (AHR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.45–3.92). Index participants who were married (AHR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.20–1.73) or employed (AHR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.11–1.49) were more likely to successfully refer a partner for testing. Stable male partner relations were more likely to result in a referred partner testing HIV-positive (AHR = 5.50, 95% CI = 1.85–16.39). Conclusion Our findings indicated that integration of MSM partner testing with ART services via health communication was feasible. Nurses as case managers effectively encouraged index participants to refer their sexual partners for HIV testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lian
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai road, Changing district, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai road, Changing district, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Joyce Wang
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Cynthia Shi
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai road, Changing district, Beijing, 102206, China.,Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS and Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, 135 College Street, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kerong Wang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohui Wu
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongxia Wei
- Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhao
- 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zunyou Wu
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai road, Changing district, Beijing, 102206, China
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Impact of worker emigration on HIV epidemics in labour export areas: a molecular epidemiology investigation in Guangyuan, China. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16046. [PMID: 30375405 PMCID: PMC6207672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33996-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the molecular epidemic characteristics and viral transmission patterns of HIV-1 in a typical labor export area, Guangyuan city, China. Based on conducting phylogenetic trees and molecular transmission networks, a phylogenetic analysis was performed on HIV-1 pol sequences obtained from 211 migrant-history workers, 83 non-migrant-history individuals, and 21 migrant-history unknown individuals between January, 2012 and February, 2017 in Guangyuan city. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that CRF07_BC (48.3%, n = 152) and CRF01_AE (33.3%, n = 105) were the dominant strains in Guangyuan city, and circulated by multiple lineages with various epidemic characteristics. Geographic network analysis showed that Guangyuan city-related sequences with 20.3% CRF07_BC and 28.3% CRF01_AE were linked to that of other provinces, compared to that with 1.7% CRF07_BC and 5.0% CRF01_AE in cities of Sichuan. Molecular transmission network analysis further illustrated that migrant-history workers linked more sequences from other provinces than non-migrant-history individuals in both CRF07_BC (29.3% versus 0.0%, P = 0.013) and CRF01_AE (40.5% versus 10.0%, P = 0.001) networks. Our results highlighted that migrant-history workers in recent year played a vital role in fueling HIV-1 epidemic in Guangyuan city. Molecular transmission network analysis could be a useful approach for disclosing the transmission mechanism of HIV, which should be used in prevention and intervention efforts.
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Yang Z, Li J, Dong Z, Wu N, Jin M. Correlates of recent HIV infection among men who have sex with men recruited through the internet in Huzhou City, Eastern China. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:5052-5061. [PMID: 30099921 PMCID: PMC6300933 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518789813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify factors associated with recent HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Huzhou City, Eastern China, who seek sexual partners via the internet. METHODS Adult members of Tencent QQ instant messaging software, who completed a face-to-face interview questionnaire and serological HIV testing at baseline, were enrolled into this prospective cohort study. Questionnaires and serological testing were also completed at 6 and 12 months. Cox proportional hazards was used for initial bivariate analyses of differences between participants with or without recent HIV infection, and for subsequent forward stepwise multiple regression of statistically significant variables. RESULTS Out of 415 baseline participants, 283 completed the 12-month follow-up (25 with recent HIV infection and 258 without; recent HIV infection rate, 8.20 per 100 person-years). Recent HIV infection was shown to be significantly associated with ≤ high school education (versus college/university), registered residence outside Huzhou City (versus within Huzhou City), having ≥ two male sexual partners, and syphilis infection. CONCLUSIONS Improving education levels, treating syphilis promptly, and reducing the number of male sexual partners may reduce HIV transmission among MSM in Eastern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrong Yang
- 1 Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Li
- 1 Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengquan Dong
- 1 Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nanping Wu
- 2 State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meihua Jin
- 1 Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Epidemiological surveillance of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance among newly diagnosed individuals in Shijiazhuang, northern China, 2014-2015. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198005. [PMID: 29870534 PMCID: PMC5988301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to considerable concerns about the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR). Sexual contact, particularly men who have sex with men (MSM) was the most prevalent form of HIV transmission in Shijiazhuang. Hence, we conducted an epidemiological surveillance study on TDR among newly diagnosed individuals who infected-HIV through sexual contact in from 2014-2015. METHODS Genotypic resistance mutations were defined using the WHO-2009 surveillance list. Potential impact on antiretroviral drug was predicted according to the Stanford HIV db program version 7.0. The role of transmission clusters in drug resistant strains was evaluated by phylogenetic and network analyses. RESULTS In this study, 589 individuals were recruited and 542 samples were amplified and sequenced successfully. The over prevalence of TDR was 6.1%: 1.8% to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), 2.0% to non- NRTIs (NNRTIs) and 2.4% to protease inhibitors (PIs), respectively. We did not find significant differences in the TDR prevalence by demographic and clinical characteristics (p > 0.05). Using network and phylogenetic analysis, almost 60.0% sequences were clustered together. Of these clusters, 2 included at least two individuals carrying the same resistance mutation, accounting for 21.2% (7/33) individuals with TDR. No significant difference was observed in the clustering rate between the individuals with and without TDR. CONCLUSIONS We obtained a moderate level TDR rate in studied region. These findings enhance our understanding of HIV-1 drug resistance prevalence in Shijiazhuang, and may be helpful for the comprehensive prevention and control of HIV-1.
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Chen ZW, Liu L, Chen G, Cheung KW, Du Y, Yao X, Lu Y, Chen L, Lin X, Chen Z. Surging HIV-1 CRF07_BC epidemic among recently infected men who have sex with men in Fujian, China. J Med Virol 2018; 90:1210-1221. [PMID: 29574774 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A rapidly increasing number of HIV-1 infections have been identified among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Fujian province of China since 2010. We aimed to investigate the causative factors underlying this surging epidemic. Using immunoassays for HIV-1 diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis for viral genotyping, we found that the number of MSM infections doubled from 171 in 2011 to 340 in 2013 with a significantly increased prevalent rate from 4.1% to 5.2%. Majority of these increased infections took place in Fuzhou, Xiamen, and Quanzhou, three large cities in Fujian, mainly among youth, unemployed, business, and well-educated MSMs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three major HIV-1 genotypes including CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC, and B/B' yet the surging MSM infections were primarily associated with the rapid sexual spread of CRF07_BC in addition to CRF01_AE. In particular, there was a significant proportional expansion of CRF07_BC infections among recently infected MSMs from 19% in 2012 to 41.9% in 2013. This increase was accompanied by emergence of complex patterns of viral recombination including multiple hybrid variants derived from CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC. Full-genome analysis indicated that CRF07_BC in Fujian was likely originated from similar strains previously found among IDUs in Yunnan province but with unique recombination break points. Our findings indicated that HIV-1 CRF07_BC has adapted for rapid sexual transmission, resulting in the surging HIV-1 epidemic and the emergence of new recombinant strains among MSMs in Fujian. Our findings have implications to vaccine and passive immunization trials in Fujian with emphasis on the induction of cross-subtype protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Chen
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China.,AIDS Institute and Department of Microbiology, State Key laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Li Liu
- AIDS Institute and Department of Microbiology, State Key laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China.,HKU-AIDS Institute Shenzhen Research Laboratory and AIDS Clinical Research Laboratory, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Guozhong Chen
- Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Ka-Wai Cheung
- AIDS Institute and Department of Microbiology, State Key laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Yanhua Du
- AIDS Institute and Department of Microbiology, State Key laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Xu Yao
- Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- AIDS Institute and Department of Microbiology, State Key laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China.,HKU-AIDS Institute Shenzhen Research Laboratory and AIDS Clinical Research Laboratory, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, P.R. China
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Li X, Gao R, Zhu K, Wei F, Fang K, Li W, Song Y, Ge Y, Ji Y, Zhong P, Wei P. Genetic transmission networks reveal the transmission patterns of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in China. Sex Transm Infect 2017; 94:111-116. [PMID: 28784618 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2016-053085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The epidemic of HIV-1 CRF01_AE has become a major public health issue in China. This study aimed to characterise the transmission patterns of genetic networks for CRF01_AE nationwide and elucidate possible opportunities for prevention. METHODS We isolated and conducted genetic transmission network analysis of all available CRF01_AE pol sequences (n=4704) from China in the Los Alamos HIV sequence database. RESULTS A total of 1391 (29.6%) sequences were identified as belonging to 400 separate networks. Of men who have sex with men (MSM) in the networks, 93.8% were linked to other MSM and only 2.4% were linked to heterosexual women. However, 11.8% heterosexual women in the networks were linked to MSM. Lineages composed mainly of MSM had higher transmission than those that were mostly heterosexuals. Of the 1391 individuals in networks, 513 (36.9%) were linked to cases diagnosed in different provinces. The proportion of individuals involved in inter-province links was interrelated with the number of migrant people (Spearman's r=0.738, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS The outcome of this study could help improve our ability to understand HIV transmission among various regions and risk groups in China, and highlighted the importance of targeting MSM and migrants by prevention and intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Li
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Gao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kexin Zhu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Feiran Wei
- Department of Oncology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Fang
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and School Health, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Song
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - You Ge
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Ji
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingmin Wei
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Transmission network characteristics based on env and gag sequences from MSM during acute HIV-1 infection in Beijing, China. Arch Virol 2017; 162:3329-3338. [PMID: 28726130 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3485-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Molecular epidemiology can be used to identify human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission clusters, usually using pol sequence for analysis. In the present study, we explored appropriate parameters to construct a simple network using HIV env and gag sequences instead of pol sequences for constructing a phylogenetic tree and a genetic transmission subnetwork, which were used to identify individuals with many potential transmission links and to explore the evolutionary dynamics of the virus among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing. We investigated 70 acute HIV-1 infections, which consisted of HIV-1 subtype B (15.71%), the circulating recombinant forms CRF01_AE (47.14%), CRF07_BC (21.43%), CRF55_01B (1.43%), and CRF65_cpx (4.29%), and an unknown subtype (10.00%). By exploring the similarities and differences among HIV env, gag and pol sequences in describing the dynamics of the HIV-1 CRF01_AE transmission subnetwork among Beijing MSM, we found that four key points of the env sequences (strains E-2011_BJ.CY_16014, E-2011_BJ.FT_16017, E-2011_BJ.TZ_16064, and E-2011_BJ.XW_16035) contained more transmission information than gag sequences (three key points: strains G-2011_BJ.CY_16014, G-2011_BJ.FT_16017, and G-2011_BJ.XW_16035) and pol sequences (two key points: strains P-2011_BJ.CY_16014 and P-2011_BJ.XW_16035). Although the env and gag sequence results were similar to pol sequences in describing the dynamics of the HIV-1 CRF01_AE transmission subnetwork, we were able to obtain more precise information, allowing identification of key points of subnetwork expansion, based on HIV env and gag sequences instead of pol sequences. Taken together, the key points we found will improve our current understanding of how HIV spreads between MSM populations in Beijing and help to better target preventative interventions for promoting public health.
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50
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Wu Y, Ren X, Yin D, Wang H, Wan Z, Li X, Hu G, Tang S. Characterization of a novel HIV-1 unique recombinant form between CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B in men who have sex with men in Guangzhou, China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175770. [PMID: 28403241 PMCID: PMC5389846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the genetic diversity of HIV-1 and emergence of novel HIV-1 unique recombinant forms (URF) in both HIV-infected intravenous drug users (IDU) and men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangzhou, China. We further characterized a novel URF strain isolated from an HIV-infected MSM, GD698. Near full-length genome (NFLG) phylogenic analysis showed that this novel URF was composed of CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B, with two recombinant breakpoints (nt 6,003 and 8,251 relative to the HXB2 genome) in the vpu/env and env genes, respectively. Twenty six percent of the genome is classified as CRF55_01B, spanning part of vpu and most of the env gene. The remaining 74% of the genome is classified as CRF07_BC. Both the backbone CRF07_BC sequence and CRF55_01B fragment were clustered with the HIV-1 isolates found in MSM. The emergence of the novel HIV-1 recombinant indicates the ongoing recombinants derived from the CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B isolates, and provides critical insights into our understanding of the dynamics and complexity of the HIV-1 epidemic in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuqi Ren
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengwei Wan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiufen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guifang Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (ST); (GH)
| | - Shixing Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (ST); (GH)
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