1
|
Thiruvengadam R, Venkidasamy B, Easwaran M, Chi HY, Thiruvengadam M, Kim SH. Dynamic interplay of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) in plant resilience: unveiling the signaling pathways and metabolic responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:198. [PMID: 39023775 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Plants respond to environmental challenges by producing reactive species such as ROS and RNS, which play critical roles in signaling pathways that lead to adaptation and survival strategies. Understanding these pathways, as well as their detection methods and effects on plant development and metabolism, provides insight into increasing crop tolerance to combined stresses. Plants encounter various environmental stresses (abiotic and biotic) that affect plant growth and development. Plants sense biotic and abiotic stresses by producing different molecules, including reactive species, that act as signaling molecules and stimulate secondary messengers and subsequent gene transcription. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are produced in both physiological and pathological conditions in the plasma membranes, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. Various techniques, including spectroscopy, chromatography, and fluorescence methods, are used to detect highly reactive, short-half-life ROS and RNS either directly or indirectly. In this review, we highlight the roles of ROS and RNS in seed germination, root development, senescence, mineral nutrition, and post-harvest control. In addition, we provide information on the specialized metabolism involved in plant growth and development. Secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, are produced in low concentrations in plants for signaling and metabolism. Strategies for improving crop performance under combined drought and pathogen stress conditions are discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Thiruvengadam
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Maheswaran Easwaran
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Hee Youn Chi
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao X, Xu H, Yang Y, Sun T, Ullah F, Zhu P, Lu Y, Huang J, Wang Z, Lu Z, Guo J. Defense Responses of Different Rice Varieties Affect Growth Performance and Food Utilization of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Larvae. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 17:9. [PMID: 38244131 PMCID: PMC10799839 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-024-00683-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée), is one of the most serious pests on rice. At present, chemical control is the main method for controlling this pest. However, the indiscriminate use of chemical insecticides has non-target effects and may cause environmental pollution. Besides, leaf curling behavior by C. medinalis may indirectly reduce the efficacy of chemical spray. Therefore, it is crucial to cultivate efficient rice varieties resistant to this pest. Previous studies have found that three different rice varieties, Zhongzao39 (ZZ39), Xiushui134 (XS134), and Yongyou1540 (YY1540), had varying degrees of infestation by C. medinalis. However, it is currently unclear whether the reason for this difference is related to the difference in defense ability of the three rice varieties against the infestation of C. medinalis. To explore this issue, the current study investigated the effects of three rice varieties on the growth performance and food utilization capability of the 4th instar C. medinalis. Further, it elucidated the differences in defense responses among different rice varieties based on the differences in leaf physiological and biochemical indicators and their impact on population occurrence. The results showed that the larval survival rate was the lowest, and the development period was significantly prolonged after feeding on YY1540. This was not related to the differences in leaf wax, pigments, and nutritional components among the three rice varieties nor to the feeding preferences of the larvae. The rate of superoxide anion production, hydrogen peroxide content, and the activity of three protective enzymes were negatively correlated with larval survival rate, and they all showed the highest in YY1540 leaves. Compared to other tested varieties, although the larvae feeding on YY1540 had higher conversion efficiency of ingested food and lower relative consumption rate, their relative growth was faster, indicating stronger food utilization capability. However, they had a lower accumulation of protein. This suggests that different rice varieties had different levels of oxidative stress after infestation by C. medinalis. The defense response of YY1540 was more intense, which was not conducive to the development of the larvae population. These results will provide new insights into the interaction mechanism between different rice varieties and C. medinalis and provide a theoretical basis for cultivating rice varieties resistant to this pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro- Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro- Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro- Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Tianyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro- Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Farman Ullah
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro- Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Pingyang Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro- Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jianlei Huang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Zhengliang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhongxian Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro- Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Jiawen Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro- Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kuanar SR, Sarkar RK, Panigrahi R, Mohapatra PK. Introgression of SUB1 aggravates the susceptibility of the popular rice cultivars Swarna and Savitri to stagnant flooding. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9032. [PMID: 37270542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35251-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of the Sub1 gene for tolerance to flash flooding and its introgression into high-yielding rice cultivars are major targets in rice breeding for flood-prone rice agro-ecosystems for ensuring yield stability. However, knowledge is scant on the response of the modified genotypes under stagnant flooding (SF) to meet the challenge of finding a superior allele that may confer greater resilience to the plant under a stress-prone environment. In pursuance, we have tested the response of Sub1-introgression in two popular rice varieties, Swarna and Savitri to SF by comparing the biochemical factors in the control of flag leaf senescence and its primary production mechanisms of the parental lines' versus Sub1-introgressed lines. The activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GR), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased while various parameters of primary production like total chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance (gs), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and photosynthetic activity (Pn) decreased progressively with passage of time in the flag leaf of the cultivars during the post-anthesis period and SF-treatment increased the enzyme activity while depressing primary production further. Introgression of Sub1 had no influence on these activities under control conditions but widened the margin of effects under SF. It was concluded that the functional ability of flag leaf in mega rice cultivars like Swarna and Savitri decreased significantly by SF because of an ethylene-mediated promotion of senescence of the flag leaf. The enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity by SF could not sustain the stability of primary production in the flag leaf. The introgression of the Sub1 gene made the cultivars more vulnerable to SF because the gene induced overexpression of ethylene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Rani Kuanar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
- Anchal College, Padampur, 768036, India
| | | | - Rashmi Panigrahi
- School of Life Science, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Sambalpur, 768019, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou B, Gao X, Zhao F. Integration of mRNA and miRNA Analysis Reveals the Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Salt Stress Response in Hemerocallis fulva. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087290. [PMID: 37108448 PMCID: PMC10139057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to non-coding small RNAs which have been shown to take a regulatory function at the posttranscriptional level in plant growth development and response to abiotic stress. Hemerocallis fulva is an herbaceous perennial plant with fleshy roots, wide distribution, and strong adaptability. However, salt stress is one of the most serious abiotic stresses to limit the growth and production of Hemerocallis fulva. To identify the miRNAs and their targets involved in the salt stress resistance, the salt-tolerant H. fulva with and without NaCl treatment were used as materials, and the expression differences of miRNAs-mRNAs related to salt-tolerance were explored and the cleavage sites between miRNAs and targets were also identified by using degradome sequencing technology. In this study, twenty and three significantly differential expression miRNAs (p-value < 0.05) were identified in the roots and leaves of H. fulva separately. Additionally, 12,691 and 1538 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were also obtained, respectively, in roots and leaves. Moreover, 222 target genes of 61 family miRNAs were validated by degradome sequencing. Among the DE miRNAs, 29 pairs of miRNA targets displayed negatively correlated expression profiles. The qRT-PCR results also showed that the trends of miRNA and DEG expression were consistent with those of RNA-seq. A gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these targets revealed that the calcium ion pathway, oxidative defense response, microtubule cytoskeleton organization, and DNA binding transcription factor responded to NaCl stress. Five miRNAs, miR156, miR160, miR393, miR166, and miR396, and several hub genes, squamosa promoter-binding-like protein (SPL), auxin response factor 12 (ARF), transport inhibitor response 1-like protein (TIR1), calmodulin-like proteins (CML), and growth-regulating factor 4 (GRF4), might play central roles in the regulation of NaCl-responsive genes. These results indicate that non-coding small RNAs and their target genes that are related to phytohormone signaling, Ca2+ signaling, and oxidative defense signaling pathways are involved in H. fulva's response to NaCl stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shahid M, Singh UB, Khan MS, Singh P, Kumar R, Singh RN, Kumar A, Singh HV. Bacterial ACC deaminase: Insights into enzymology, biochemistry, genetics, and potential role in amelioration of environmental stress in crop plants. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1132770. [PMID: 37180266 PMCID: PMC10174264 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1132770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth and productivity of crop plants worldwide are often adversely affected by anthropogenic and natural stresses. Both biotic and abiotic stresses may impact future food security and sustainability; global climate change will only exacerbate the threat. Nearly all stresses induce ethylene production in plants, which is detrimental to their growth and survival when present at higher concentrations. Consequently, management of ethylene production in plants is becoming an attractive option for countering the stress hormone and its effect on crop yield and productivity. In plants, ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) serves as a precursor for ethylene production. Soil microorganisms and root-associated plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that possess ACC deaminase activity regulate growth and development of plants under harsh environmental conditions by limiting ethylene levels in plants; this enzyme is, therefore, often designated as a "stress modulator." TheACC deaminase enzyme, encoded by the AcdS gene, is tightly controlled and regulated depending upon environmental conditions. Gene regulatory components of AcdS are made up of the LRP protein-coding regulatory gene and other regulatory components that are activated via distinct mechanisms under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. ACC deaminase-positive PGPR strains can intensively promote growth and development of crops being cultivated under abiotic stresses including salt stress, water deficit, waterlogging, temperature extremes, and presence of heavy metals, pesticides and other organic contaminants. Strategies for combating environmental stresses in plants, and improving growth by introducing the acdS gene into crop plants via bacteria, have been investigated. In the recent past, some rapid methods and cutting-edge technologies based on molecular biotechnology and omics approaches involving proteomics, transcriptomics, metagenomics, and next generation sequencing (NGS) have been proposed to reveal the variety and potential of ACC deaminase-producing PGPR that thrive under external stresses. Multiple stress-tolerant ACC deaminase-producing PGPR strains have demonstrated great promise in providing plant resistance/tolerance to various stressors and, therefore, it could be advantageous over other soil/plant microbiome that can flourish under stressed environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shahid
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Shahid, ; Udai B. Singh, ; Prakash Singh,
| | - Udai B. Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Shahid, ; Udai B. Singh, ; Prakash Singh,
| | - Mohammad Saghir Khan
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prakash Singh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Veer Kunwar Singh College of Agriculture, Bihar Agricultural University, Dumraon, India
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Shahid, ; Udai B. Singh, ; Prakash Singh,
| | - Ratan Kumar
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Rohtas, Bihar Agricultural University, Bikramganj, Bihar, India
| | - Raj Narian Singh
- Directorate of Extension Education, Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Swamy Keshwanand Rajasthan Agriculture University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
| | - Harsh V. Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun Q, Xu Z, Huang W, Li D, Zeng Q, Chen L, Li B, Zhang E. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis reveals salicylic acid and flavonoid pathways' key roles in cabbage's defense responses to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1005764. [PMID: 36388482 PMCID: PMC9659849 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1005764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is a vascular bacteria pathogen causing black rot in cabbage. Here, the resistance mechanisms of cabbage against Xcc infection were explored by integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis. Pathogen perception, hormone metabolisms, sugar metabolisms, and phenylpropanoid metabolisms in cabbage were systemically re-programmed at both transcriptional and metabolic levels after Xcc infection. Notably, the salicylic acid (SA) metabolism pathway was highly enriched in resistant lines following Xcc infection, indicating that the SA metabolism pathway may positively regulate the resistance of Xcc. Moreover, we also validated our hypothesis by showing that the flavonoid pathway metabolites chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid could effectively inhibit the growth of Xcc. These findings provide valuable insights and resource datasets for further exploring Xcc-cabbage interactions and help uncover molecular breeding targets for black rot-resistant varieties in cabbage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Baohua Li
- *Correspondence: Baohua Li, ; Enhui Zhang,
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zafari S, Vanlerberghe GC, Igamberdiev AU. The Role of Alternative Oxidase in the Interplay between Nitric Oxide, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Ethylene in Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) Plants Incubated under Normoxic and Hypoxic Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7153. [PMID: 35806157 PMCID: PMC9266549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants with the modified levels of alternative oxidase (AOX) were used to evaluate the physiological roles of AOX in regulating nitro-oxidative stress and metabolic changes after exposing plants to hypoxia for 6 h. Under normoxia, AOX expression resulted in the decrease of nitric oxide (NO) levels and of the rate of protein S-nitrosylation, while under hypoxia, AOX overexpressors exhibited higher NO and S-nitrosylation levels than knockdowns. AOX expression was essential in avoiding hypoxia-induced superoxide and H2O2 levels, and this was achieved via higher activities of catalase and glutathione reductase and the reduced expression of respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) in overexpressors as compared to knockdowns. The AOX overexpressing lines accumulated less pyruvate and exhibited the increased transcript and activity levels of pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase under hypoxia. This suggests that AOX contributes to the energy state of hypoxic tissues by stimulating the increase of pyruvate flow into fermentation pathways. Ethylene biosynthesis genes encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase, ACC oxidase, and ethylene-responsive factors (ERFs) were induced during hypoxia and correlated with AOX and NO levels. We conclude that AOX controls the interaction of NO, reactive oxygen species, and ethylene, triggering a coordinated downstream defensive response against hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somaieh Zafari
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Greg C. Vanlerberghe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada;
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Abir U. Igamberdiev
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li R, Sun J, Ning X, Liu D, Chen X. BpEIL1 negatively regulates resistance to Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria alternata in birch. Gene 2022; 97:81-91. [PMID: 35675986 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pathogen attacks affect tree health, causing considerable economic losses as well as serious damage to the surrounding environment. Understanding the disease resistance mechanisms of trees is important for tree breeding. In previous studies on birch (Betula platyphylla × B. pendula), we identified a lesion mimic mutant called lmd. We found that reduced expression of BpEIL1 was responsible for the phenotype in lmd. Following cloning, we acquired several BpEIL1 overexpression and suppression lines in birch. In this study, we cloned the BpEIL1 promoter and found that BpEIL1 was primarily expressed in leaves, particularly in veins. We further studied the traits of transgenic lines and the function of BpEIL1 in disease resistance in birch using the BpEIL1 overexpression line OE9, the suppression line SE13 and the non-transgenic line NT. We found that hydrogen peroxide accumulated in SE13 leaves. Ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activity significantly increased in SE13. SE13 was more resistant to the fungal pathogens Alternaria alternata and Rhizoctonia solani than were the OE9 and NT lines. RNA-seq indicated that pathways related to signal transduction, disease resistance and plant immunity were enriched in SE13. BpEIL1 is thus a negative regulatory transcription factor for disease resistance in birch. This study provides a reference for disease resistance of birch and other trees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranhong Li
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University
| | - Xiaomeng Ning
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Aamir M, Karmakar P, Singh VK, Kashyap SP, Pandey S, Singh BK, Singh PM, Singh J. A novel insight into transcriptional and epigenetic regulation underlying sex expression and flower development in melon (Cucumis melo L.). PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:1729-1764. [PMID: 33547804 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is an important cucurbit and has been considered as a model plant for studying sex determination. The four most common sexual morphotypes in melon are monoecious (A-G-M), gynoecious (--ggM-), andromonoecious (A-G-mm), and hermaphrodite (--ggmm). Sex expression in melons is complex, as the genes and associated networks that govern the sex expression are not fully explored. Recently, RNA-seq transcriptomic profiling, ChIP-qPCR analysis integrated with gene ontology annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways predicted the differentially expressed genes including sex-specific ACS and ACO genes, in regulating the sex-expression, phytohormonal cross-talk, signal transduction, and secondary metabolism in melons. Integration of transcriptional control through genetic interaction in between the ACS7, ACS11, and WIP1 in epistatic or hypostatic manner, along with the recruitment of H3K9ac and H3K27me3, epigenetically, overall determine sex expression. Alignment of protein sequences for establishing phylogenetic evolution, motif comparison, and protein-protein interaction supported the structural conservation while presence of the conserved hydrophilic and charged residues across the diverged evolutionary group predicted the functional conservation of the ACS protein. Presence of the putative cis-binding elements or DNA motifs, and its further comparison with DAP-seq-based cistrome and epicistrome of Arabidopsis, unraveled strong ancestry of melons with Arabidopsis. Motif comparison analysis also characterized putative genes and transcription factors involved in ethylene biosynthesis, signal transduction, and hormonal cross-talk related to sex expression. Overall, we have comprehensively reviewed research findings for a deeper insight into transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of sex expression and flower development in melons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Aamir
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (ICAR-IIVR), Varanasi, India
| | - Pradip Karmakar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (ICAR-IIVR), Varanasi, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Singh
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sarvesh Pratap Kashyap
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (ICAR-IIVR), Varanasi, India
| | - Sudhakar Pandey
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (ICAR-IIVR), Varanasi, India
| | - Binod Kumar Singh
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (ICAR-IIVR), Varanasi, India
| | - Prabhakar Mohan Singh
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (ICAR-IIVR), Varanasi, India
| | - Jagdish Singh
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (ICAR-IIVR), Varanasi, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
López WR, Garcia-Jaramillo DJ, Ceballos-Aguirre N, Castaño-Zapata J, Acuña-Zornosa R, Jovel J. Transcriptional responses to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) Snyder & Hansen infection in three Colombian tomato cultivars. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:412. [PMID: 34496757 PMCID: PMC8425103 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) is a compendium of pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungal strains. Pathogenic strains may cause vascular wilt disease and produce considerable losses in commercial tomato plots. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms mediating resistance to Fol in tomato, the aim of our study was to characterize the transcriptional response of three cultivars (CT1, CT2 and IAC391) to a pathogenic (Fol-pt) and a non-pathogenic (Fo-npt) strain of Fo. RESULTS All cultivars exhibited differentially expressed genes in response to each strain of the fungus at 36 h post-inoculation. For the pathogenic strain, CT1 deployed an apparent active defense response that included upregulation of WRKY transcription factors, an extracellular chitinase, and terpenoid-related genes, among others. In IAC391, differentially expressed genes included upregulated but mostly downregulated genes. Upregulated genes mapped to ethylene regulation, pathogenesis regulation and transcription regulation, while downregulated genes potentially impacted defense responses, lipid transport and metal ion binding. Finally, CT2 exhibited mostly downregulated genes upon Fol-pt infection. This included genes involved in transcription regulation, defense responses, and metal ion binding. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that CT1 mounts a defense response against Fol-pt. IAC391 exhibits an intermediate phenotype whereby some defense response genes are activated, and others are suppressed. Finally, the transcriptional profile in the CT2 hints towards lower levels of resistance. Fo-npt also induced transcriptional changes in all cultivars, but to a lesser extent. Results of this study will support genetic breeding programs currently underway in the zone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Ricardo López
- Departamento de Física y Química. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Dora Janeth Garcia-Jaramillo
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
- Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas. Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Nelson Ceballos-Aguirre
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia.
- Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas. Manizales, Caldas, Colombia.
| | - Jairo Castaño-Zapata
- Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas. Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Ricardo Acuña-Zornosa
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Juan Jovel
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia.
- Research Office. Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mellidou I, Koukounaras A, Kostas S, Patelou E, Kanellis AK. Regulation of Vitamin C Accumulation for Improved Tomato Fruit Quality and Alleviation of Abiotic Stress. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050694. [PMID: 34066421 PMCID: PMC8148108 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an essential multifaceted phytonutrient for both the human diet and plant growth. Optimum levels of AsA accumulation combined with balanced redox homeostasis are required for normal plant development and defense response to adverse environmental stimuli. Notwithstanding its moderate AsA levels, tomatoes constitute a good source of vitamin C in the human diet. Therefore, the enhancement of AsA levels in tomato fruit attracts considerable attention, not only to improve its nutritional value but also to stimulate stress tolerance. Genetic regulation of AsA concentrations in plants can be achieved through the fine-tuning of biosynthetic, recycling, and transport mechanisms; it is also linked to changes in the whole fruit metabolism. Emerging evidence suggests that tomato synthesizes AsA mainly through the l-galactose pathway, but alternative pathways through d-galacturonate or myo-inositol, or seemingly unrelated transcription and regulatory factors, can be also relevant in certain developmental stages or in response to abiotic factors. Considering the recent advances in our understanding of AsA regulation in model and other non-model species, this review attempts to link the current consensus with novel technologies to provide a comprehensive strategy for AsA enhancement in tomatoes, without any detrimental effect on plant growth or fruit development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ifigeneia Mellidou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hao Elgo-Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (A.K.K.)
| | - Athanasios Koukounaras
- Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Stefanos Kostas
- Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Efstathia Patelou
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Angelos K. Kanellis
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (A.K.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Quan M, Liu X, Xiao L, Chen P, Song F, Lu W, Song Y, Zhang D. Transcriptome analysis and association mapping reveal the genetic regulatory network response to cadmium stress in Populus tomentosa. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:576-591. [PMID: 32937662 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in plant abiotic stress responses, but the response of lncRNA-mediated genetic networks to cadmium (Cd) treatment remain elusive in trees, the promising candidates for phytoremediation of Cd contamination. We identified 172 Cd-responsive lncRNAs and 295 differentially expressed target genes in the leaves of Cd-treated Populus tomentosa. Functional annotation revealed that these lncRNAs were involved in various processes, including photosynthesis, hormone regulation, and phenylalanine metabolism. Association studies identified 78 significant associations, representing 14 Cd-responsive lncRNAs and 28 target genes for photosynthetic and leaf physiological traits. Epistasis uncovered 83 pairwise interactions among these traits, revealing Cd-responsive lncRNA-mediated genetic networks for photosynthesis and leaf physiology in P. tomentosa. We focused on the roles of two Cd-responsive lncRNA-gene pairs, MSTRG.22608.1-PtoMYB73 and MSTRG.5634.1-PtoMYB27, in Cd tolerance of Populus, and detected insertions/deletions within lncRNAs as polymorphisms driving target gene expression. Genotype analysis of lncRNAs and heterologous overexpression of PtoMYB73 and PtoMYB27 in Arabidopsis indicated their effects on enhancing Cd tolerance, photosynthetic rate, and leaf growth, and the potential interaction mechanisms of PtoMYB73 with abiotic stresses. Our study identifies the genetic basis for the response of Populus to Cd treatment, facilitating genetic improvement of Cd tolerance in trees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Quan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Panfei Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyuan Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuepeng Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Deqiang Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhou X, Li X, Wei W, Duan X, Zhang H, Ding M, Yao W, Wang Q, Wang W, Yang Y. Association between genetic polymorphisms of telomere pathway genes and hydrogen peroxide level in omethoate exposure workers. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 82:103541. [PMID: 33161111 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the association between genetic variations in telomere pathway genes and the level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in omethoate exposure workers. METHODS A total of 180 omethoate exposure workers and 115 healthy controls were recruited. The level of H2O2 in plasma was determined with molybdenic acid colorimetry. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length was used to detect polymorphisms in POT1 rs1034794, POT1 rs10250202, TERF1 rs3863242, and TERT rs2736098. RESULTS The level of H2O2 in exposure group (4.26 ± 0.71) was significantly higher than that in control group (3.29 ± 0.46). Generalized linear models indicated that risk factors for the increase H2O2 level were exposure [β(95 % CI) = 0.951 (0.806, 1.096), P < 0.001] and AA + AT genotype in POT1 rs034794 [β(95 % CI) = 0.397 (0.049, 0.745), P = 0.025]. CONCLUSION The increase H2O2 level was associated with omethoate exposure and AA + AT genotypes in POT1 gene rs1034794. It provided a new idea that polymorphisms in telomere pathway genes may indirectly regulate telomere length by influencing oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinling Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wan Wei
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoran Duan
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingcui Ding
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Health Inspection of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongli Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hartman S, Sasidharan R, Voesenek LACJ. The role of ethylene in metabolic acclimations to low oxygen. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:64-70. [PMID: 31856295 PMCID: PMC7754284 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Submerged plants ultimately suffer from shortage in cellular oxygen availability (hypoxia) as a result of impaired gas diffusion underwater. The gaseous plant hormone ethylene is rapidly entrapped in submerged plant tissues and is an established regulator of morphological and anatomical flood-adaptive responses. Multiple recent discoveries suggest that ethylene also plays a crucial role in hypoxia anticipation and metabolic acclimation during plant submergence. Ethylene was shown to accelerate and enhance the hypoxic response through enhanced stability of specific transcription factors (group VII ethylene response factors). Moreover, we suggest that ethylene could play an important role in the induction of autophagy and promote reactive oxygen species amelioration, thereby contributing to enhanced survival during flooding, hypoxia, and reoxygenation stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sjon Hartman
- Plant EcophysiologyInstitute of Environmental BiologyUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CHUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Rashmi Sasidharan
- Plant EcophysiologyInstitute of Environmental BiologyUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CHUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
A celery transcriptional repressor AgERF8 negatively modulates abscisic acid and salt tolerance. Mol Genet Genomics 2020; 296:179-192. [PMID: 33130909 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-020-01738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ethylene response factors (ERFs) widely exist in plants and have been reported to be an important regulator of plant abiotic stress. Celery, a common economic vegetable of Apiaceae, contains lots of ERF transcription factors (TFs) with various functions. AP2/ERF TFs play positive or negative roles in plant growth and stress response. Here, AgERF8, a gene encoding EAR-type AP2/ERF TF, was identified. The AgERF8 mRNA accumulated in response to both abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and salt treatment. AgERF8 was proving to be a nucleus-located protein and could bind to GCC-box. The overexpression of AgERF8 in Arabidopsis repressed the transcription of downstream genes, AtBGL and AtBCH. Arabidopsis overexpressing AgERF8 gene showed inhibited root growth under ABA and NaCl treatments. AgERF8 transgenic lines showed low tolerance to ABA and salt stress than wild-type plants. Low increment in SOD and POD activities, increased accumulation of MDA, and significantly decreased plant fresh weights and chlorophyll levels were detected in AgERF8 hosting lines after treated with ABA and NaCl. Furthermore, the overexpression of AgERF8 also inhibited the levels of ascorbic acid and antioxidant-related genes (AtCAT1, AtSOD1, AtPOD, AtSOS1, AtAPX1, and AtP5CS1) expression in transgenic Arabidopsis. This finding indicated that AgERF8 negatively affected the resistance of transgenic Arabidopsis to ABA and salt stress through regulating downstream genes expression and relevant physiological changes. It will provide a potential sight to further understand the functions of ERF TFs in celery.
Collapse
|
16
|
Li P, Chai Z, Lin P, Huang C, Huang G, Xu L, Deng Z, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Zhao X. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of AP2/ERF transcription factors in sugarcane (Saccharum spontaneum L.). BMC Genomics 2020; 21:685. [PMID: 33008299 PMCID: PMC7531145 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07076-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR (AP2/ERF) transcription factors play essential roles in plant growth, development, metabolism, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, few studies concerning AP2/ERF genes in sugarcane which are the most critical sugar and energy crops worldwide. RESULTS A total of 218 AP2/ERF genes were identified in the Saccharum spontaneum genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes could be divided into four groups, including 43 AP2s, 160 ERFs and Dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) factors, 11 ABI3/VPs (RAV), and four Soloist genes. These genes were unevenly distributed on 32 chromosomes. The structural analysis of SsAP2/ERF genes showed that 91 SsAP2/ERFs lacked introns. Sugarcane and sorghum had a collinear relationship between 168 SsAP2/ERF genes and sorghum AP2/ERF genes that reflected their similarity. Multiple cis-regulatory elements (CREs) present in the SsAP2/ERF promoter were related to abiotic stresses, suggesting that SsAP2/ERF activity could contribute to sugarcane adaptation to environmental changes. The tissue-specific analysis showed spatiotemporal expression of SsAP2/ERF in the stems and leaves of sugarcane at different development stages. In ten sugarcane samples, 39 SsAP2/ERFs were not expressed, whereas 58 SsAP2/ERFs were expressed in all samples. Quantitative PCR experiments showed that SsERF52 expression was up-regulated under salt stress, but suppressed under dehydration stress. SsSoloist4 had the most considerable upregulation in response to treatment with the exogenous hormones ABA and GA. Within 3 h of ABA or PEG6000 treatment, SsSoloist4 expression was up-regulated, indicating that this gene could play a role in the responses to ABA and GA-associated dehydration stress. Analysis of AP2/ERF gene expression patterns under different treatments indicated that SsAP2/ERF genes played an essential role in dehydration and salt stress responses of S. spontaneum. CONCLUSIONS In this study, a total of 218 members of the AP2 / ERF superfamily were identified in sugarcane, and their genetic structure, evolution characteristics, and expression patterns were studied and analyzed. The results of this study provide a foundation for future analyses to elucidate the importance of AP2/ERF transcription factors in the function and molecular breeding of sugarcane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiting Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane & Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhe Chai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Biological Resources & Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Pingping Lin
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane & Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chaohua Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane & Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Guoqiang Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane & Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Liangnian Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane & Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zuhu Deng
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane & Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Muqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Biological Resources & Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Xinwang Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane & Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Biological Resources & Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China. .,Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Conservation and Divergence in Duplicated Fiber Coexpression Networks Accompanying Domestication of the Polyploid Gossypium hirsutum L. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2020; 10:2879-2892. [PMID: 32586849 PMCID: PMC7407458 DOI: 10.1534/g3.120.401362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gossypium hirsutum L. (Upland cotton) has an evolutionary history involving inter-genomic hybridization, polyploidization, and subsequent domestication. We analyzed the developmental dynamics of the cotton fiber transcriptome accompanying domestication using gene coexpression networks for both joint and homoeologous networks. Remarkably, most genes exhibited expression for at least one homoeolog, confirming previous reports of widespread gene usage in cotton fibers. Most coexpression modules comprising the joint network are preserved in each subgenomic network and are enriched for similar biological processes, showing a general preservation of network modular structure for the two co-resident genomes in the polyploid. Interestingly, only one fifth of homoeologs co-occur in the same module when separated, despite similar modular structures between the joint and homoeologous networks. These results suggest that the genome-wide divergence between homoeologous genes is sufficient to separate their co-expression profiles at the intermodular level, despite conservation of intramodular relationships within each subgenome. Most modules exhibit D-homoeolog expression bias, although specific modules do exhibit A-homoeolog bias. Comparisons between wild and domesticated coexpression networks revealed a much tighter and denser network structure in domesticated fiber, as evidenced by its fewer modules, 13-fold increase in the number of development-related module member genes, and the poor preservation of the wild network topology. These results demonstrate the amazing complexity that underlies the domestication of cotton fiber.
Collapse
|
18
|
Nazir F, Fariduddin Q, Khan TA. Hydrogen peroxide as a signalling molecule in plants and its crosstalk with other plant growth regulators under heavy metal stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126486. [PMID: 32234629 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) acts as a significant regulatory component interrelated with signal transduction in plants. The positive role of H2O2 in plants subjected to myriad of abiotic factors has led us to comprehend that it is not only a free radical, generated as a product of oxidative stress, but also helpful in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis in crop plants. Studies over the last two centuries has indicated that H2O2 is a key molecule which regulate photosynthesis, stomatal movement, pollen growth, fruit and flower development and leaf senescence. Exogenously-sourced H2O2 at nanomolar levels functions as a signalling molecule, facilitates seed germination, chlorophyll content, stomatal opening, and delays senescence, while at elevated levels, it triggers oxidative burst to organic molecules, which could lead to cell death. Furthermore, H2O2 is also known to interplay synergistically or antagonistically with other plant growth regulators such as auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene and salicylic acid, nitric oxide and Ca2+ (as signalling molecules), and brassinosteroids (steroidal PGRs) under myriad of environmental stresses and thus, mediate plant growth and development and reactions to abiotic factors. The purpose of this review is to specify accessible knowledge on the role and dynamic mechanisms of H2O2 in mediating growth responses and plant resilience to HM stresses, and its crosstalk with other significant PGRs in controlling various processes. More recently, signal transduction by mitogen activated protein kinases and other transcription factors which attenuate HM stresses in plants have also been dissected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faroza Nazir
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Qazi Fariduddin
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Tanveer Alam Khan
- Department of Plant Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstraße 3, D-06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Identification of EIL and ERF Genes Related to Fruit Ripening in Peach. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082846. [PMID: 32325835 PMCID: PMC7216043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Peach (Prunus persica) is a climacteric fruit with a relatively short shelf life due to its fast ripening or softening process. Here, we report the association of gene families encoding ethylene insensitive-3 like (EIL) and ethylene response factor (ERF) with fruit ripening in peach. In total, 3 PpEILs and 12 PpERFs were highly expressed in fruit, with the majority showing a peak of expression at different stages. All three EILs could activate ethylene biosynthesis genes PpACS1 and PpACO1. One out of the 12 PpERFs, termed PpERF.E2, is a homolog of ripening-associated ERFs in tomato, with a consistently high expression throughout fruit development and an ability to activate PpACS1 and PpACO1. Additionally, four subgroup F PpERFs harboring the EAR repressive motif were able to repress the PpACO1 promoter but could also activate the PpACS1 promoter. Promoter deletion assay revealed that PpEILs and PpERFs could participate in transcriptional regulation of PpACS1 through either direct or indirect interaction with various cis-elements. Taken together, these results suggested that all three PpEILs and PpERF.E2 are candidates involved in ethylene biosynthesis, and EAR motif-containing PpERFs may function as activator or repressor of ethylene biosynthesis genes in peach. Our study provides an insight into the roles of EILs and ERFs in the fruit ripening process.
Collapse
|
20
|
Tolosa LN, Zhang Z. The Role of Major Transcription Factors in Solanaceous Food Crops under Different Stress Conditions: Current and Future Perspectives. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9010056. [PMID: 31906447 PMCID: PMC7020414 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth, development, and productivity are adversely affected by environmental stresses such as drought (osmotic stress), soil salinity, cold, oxidative stress, irradiation, and diverse diseases. These impacts are of increasing concern in light of climate change. Noticeably, plants have developed their adaptive mechanism to respond to environmental stresses by transcriptional activation of stress-responsive genes. Among the known transcription factors, DoF, WRKY, MYB, NAC, bZIP, ERF, ARF and HSF are those widely associated with abiotic and biotic stress response in plants. Genome-wide identification and characterization analyses of these transcription factors have been almost completed in major solanaceous food crops, emphasizing these transcription factor families which have much potential for the improvement of yield, stress tolerance, reducing marginal land and increase the water use efficiency of solanaceous crops in arid and semi-arid areas where plant demand more water. Most importantly, transcription factors are proteins that play a key role in improving crop yield under water-deficient areas and a place where the severity of pathogen is very high to withstand the ongoing climate change. Therefore, this review highlights the role of major transcription factors in solanaceous crops, current and future perspectives in improving the crop traits towards abiotic and biotic stress tolerance and beyond. We have tried to accentuate the importance of using genome editing molecular technologies like CRISPR/Cas9, Virus-induced gene silencing and some other methods to improve the plant potential in giving yield under unfavorable environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lemessa Negasa Tolosa
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebie Laboratory of Agricultural Water Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shijiazhuang 050021, China;
- University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhengbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebie Laboratory of Agricultural Water Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shijiazhuang 050021, China;
- University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS, Beijing 100101, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Deciphering hydrogen peroxide-induced signalling towards stress tolerance in plants. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:395. [PMID: 31656733 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants encounter a variety of adverse environmental conditions, such as high salinity, drought, extreme heat/cold and heavy metals contamination (abiotic stress) or attack of various pathogens (biotic stress). These detrimental environmental factors enhanced the ROS production such as singlet oxygen (1O2), superoxide (O2 •-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radicals (OH•). ROS are highly reactive and directly target several cellular molecules and metabolites, which lead to severe cellular dysfunction. Plants respond to oxidative damages by activating antioxidant machinery to trigger signalling cascades for stress tolerance. H2O2 signalling balances the plant metabolism through cross-talk with other signals and plant hormones during growth, development and stress responses. H2O2 facilitates the regulation of different stress-responsive transcription factors (TFs) including NAC, Zinc finger, WRKY, ERF, MYB, DREB and bZIP as both upstream and downstream events during stress signalling. The present review focuses on the biological synthesis of the H2O2 and its effect on the upregulation of kinase genes and stress related TFs for imparting stress tolerance.
Collapse
|
22
|
Sharaf A, De Michele R, Sharma A, Fakhari S, Oborník M. Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Roles of Detoxification Systems in Response to Mercury in Chromera velia. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E647. [PMID: 31653042 PMCID: PMC6920818 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is an increasing global concern. Among heavy metals, mercury (Hg) is especially dangerous because of its massive release into the environment and high toxicity, especially for aquatic organisms. The molecular response mechanisms of algae to Hg exposure are mostly unknown. Here, we combine physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analysis to provide, for the first time, a comprehensive view on the pathways activated in Chromera velia in response to toxic levels of Hg. Production of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, two reactive oxygen species (ROS), showed opposite patterns in response to Hg2+ while reactive nitrogen species (RNS) levels did not change. A deep RNA sequencing analysis generated a total of 307,738,790 high-quality reads assembled in 122,874 transcripts, representing 89,853 unigenes successfully annotated in databases. Detailed analysis of the differently expressed genes corroborates the biochemical results observed in ROS production and suggests novel putative molecular mechanisms in the algal response to Hg2+. Moreover, we indicated that important transcription factor (TF) families associated with stress responses differentially expressed in C. velia cultures under Hg stress. Our study presents the first in-depth transcriptomic analysis of C. velia, focusing on the expression of genes involved in different detoxification defense systems in response to heavy metal stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdoallah Sharaf
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
- Genetic Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11241, Egypt.
| | - Roberto De Michele
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Ayush Sharma
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Safieh Fakhari
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Miroslav Oborník
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhao C, Zhang L, Zhang X, Xu Y, Wei Z, Sun B, Liang M, Li H, Hu F, Xu L. Regulation of endogenous phytohormones alters the fluoranthene content in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 688:935-943. [PMID: 31726575 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones are crucial endogenous modulators that regulate and integrate plant growth and responses to various environmental pollutants, including the uptake of pollutants into the plant. However, possible links between endogenous phytohormone pathways and pollutant accumulation are unclear. Here we describe the fluoranthene uptake, plant growth, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in relation to different endogenous phytohormones and different levels in Arabidopsis thaliana. Three phytohormone inhibitors-N-1-naphthyl-phthalamic acid (NPA), daminozide (DZ), and silver nitrate (SN)-were used to regulate endogenous auxin, gibberellin, and ethylene levels, respectively. Fluoranthene inhibited plant growth and root proliferation while increasing GST and SOD activity. The three inhibitors reduced fluoranthene levels in Arabidopsis by either affecting plant growth or modulating antioxidant enzyme activity. NPA reduced plant growth and increased CAT activity. SN promoted plant growth and increased POD and CAT activity, whereas DZ increased POD activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihao Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhou Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Wei
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Sun
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxiang Liang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixin Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang XQ, Han LH, Zhou W, Tao M, Hu QQ, Zhou YN, Li XB, Li DD, Huang GQ. GhEIN3, a cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) homologue of AtEIN3, is involved in regulation of plant salinity tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 143:83-93. [PMID: 31491703 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene insensitive 3 (EIN3), a key transcription factor in ethylene signal transduction, play important roles in plant stress signaling pathways. In this study, we isolated and characterized an EIN3-like gene from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), designated as GhEIN3. GhEIN3 is highly expressed in vegetative tissues, and its expression is induced by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and NaCl. Ectopic expression of GhEIN3 in Arabidopsis elevated plants' response to ethylene, which exhibit smaller leaves, more root hairs, shorter roots and hypocotyls. The germination rate, survival rate and root length of GhEIN3 transgenic plants were significantly improved compared to wild type under salt stress. GhEIN3 transgenic plants accumulated less H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA), while higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities were detected under salt stress. In addition, expression of several genes related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathway and ABA signaling pathway was increased in the GhEIN3 transgenic plants under salt stress. In contrast, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of GhEIN3 in cotton enhanced the sensitivity of transgenic plants to salt stress, accumulating higher H2O2 and MDA and lower SOD and POD activities compared to control plants. Collectively, our results revealed that GhEIN3 might be involved in the regulation of plant response to salt stress by regulating ABA and ROS pathway during plant growth and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qian Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Li-Hong Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Miao Tao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Qian-Qian Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Ying-Nan Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xue-Bao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Deng-Di Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Geng-Qing Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zheng Y, Chen C, Liang Y, Sun R, Gao L, Liu T, Li D. Genome-wide association analysis of the lipid and fatty acid metabolism regulatory network in the mesocarp of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) based on small noncoding RNA sequencing. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 39:356-371. [PMID: 30137626 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpy091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is the highest oil-yielding crop in the plant kingdom and accumulates 90% of palm oil in the mesocarp. However, the regulatory mechanisms of lipid and fatty acid (FA) metabolism in oil palm are just beginning to be understood, and more studies are needed, especially in the understanding of small noncoding RNA (ncRNA) and mRNA. Based on the deep sequencing of small noncoding RNAs and the degradome in five developmental mesocarp stages, 452 microRNAs (miRNAs), including 170 conserved known-miRNAs (kn-miRNAs) and 282 novel-miRNA (nov-miRNAs), were identified. After predicting the targets of those miRNAs to 37 FA synthesis-related genes, we found that 22 kn-miRNAs and 14 nov-miRNAs might be involved in FA metabolism pathways. Among them, eg-miR156c, eg-miR397, eg-miR444b and nov-miR129 regulated FA synthesis in plastids and the transport of FA-ACP from plastids to the endoplasmic reticulum by targeting acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 9 (LACS9), LACS4 and enoyl-ACP reductase (ENR), respectively. Nov-miR138 and nov-miR59 targeted glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), and nov-miR274 targeted phosphatidate phosphatase 1 (PAP1). Both target genes are involved in triacylglycerol synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum. Eg-miR156e and eg-miR156j played pivotal roles by targeting β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 12 (KCS12), and nov-miR201 targets very-long-chain enoyl-CoA reductase (ECR). Several miRNAs were also predicted to indirectly regulate FA synthesis and lipid metabolism through the squamosa promoter-binding protein-like gene (SPL), NAC and MYB transcription factors. As a whole, indications of a complex and extensive miRNA-mRNA regulatory network associated with FA metabolism in the mesocarp of the oil palm is presented. The results help to broaden the knowledge of potential mechanisms that might be regulated by miRNAs through modulation of the expression of FA-related target gene metabolism in the oil palm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Zheng
- Department of Biotechnology, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropic Bioresource, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | | | - Yuanxue Liang
- Department of Biotechnology, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropic Bioresource, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Ruhao Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropic Bioresource, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Lingchao Gao
- Department of Biotechnology, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropic Bioresource, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Annoroad Gene Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropic Bioresource, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang J, Huang R. Modulation of Ethylene and Ascorbic Acid on Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging in Plant Salt Response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:319. [PMID: 30936887 PMCID: PMC6431634 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress causes retarded plant growth and reduced crop yield. A complicated regulation network to response to salt stress has been evolved in plants under high salinity conditions. Ethylene is one of the most important phytohormones, playing a major role in salt stress response. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that ethylene modulates salt tolerance through reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Ascorbic acid (AsA) is a non-enzymatic antioxidant, contributing to ROS-scavenging and salt tolerance. Here, we mainly focus on the advances in understanding the modulation of ethylene and AsA on ROS-scavenging under salinity stress. We also review the regulators involved in the ethylene signaling pathway and AsA biosynthesis that respond to salt stress. Moreover, the AsA pool is affected by many environmental conditions, and the potential role of ethylene in AsA production is also extensively discussed. Novel insights into the roles and mechanisms of ethylene in AsA-mediated ROS homeostasis will provide critical information for improving crop salt tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Rongfeng Huang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Rongfeng Huang,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pluskota WE, Pupel P, Głowacka K, Okorska SB, Jerzmanowski A, Nonogaki H, Górecki RJ. Jasmonic acid and ethylene are involved in the accumulation of osmotin in germinating tomato seeds. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 232:74-81. [PMID: 30537615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The expression of SlNP24 encoding osmotin was studied in germinating tomato seeds Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Moneymaker. The results show that the accumulation of the transcripts of SlNP24 and its potential upstream regulator TERF1 encoding an ethylene response factor was induced by ethylene and methyl jasmonate in germinating tomato seeds. There was no effect of gibberellins on the expression of the genes studied. The expression of SlNP24 was localized in the micropylar region of the endosperm of tomato seeds. The promoter of tomato osmotin was active in the endosperm cells of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana seeds, which contain reporter genes under control of SlNP24 promoter. The activity of SlNP24 promoter in A. thaliana reporter line seeds was visible when the expression of its ortholog gene in A. thaliana (AtOMS34) was observed. The mechanism of induction and a possible role of NP24 in germinating tomato seeds are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta E Pluskota
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Piotr Pupel
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Głowacka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sylwia B Okorska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Andrzej Jerzmanowski
- Warsaw University and Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hiroyuki Nonogaki
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Ryszard J Górecki
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang L, Wang L, Chen Q, Chen G, Zhang S, Wu J, Tao S. Identification and comparative analysis of the MCU gene family in pear and its functions during fruit ripening. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 229:53-62. [PMID: 30036746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) plays an important role in cell senescence and aging in mammals. However, the function of MCU homologs during the ripening and senescence of postharvest fruit had not been characterized until recently. In this study, a comprehensive study was conducted on the characteristics of the MCU family genes in the pear genome. In total, seven PbrMCU genes were identified and classified into two subgroups. Whole-genome duplication (WGD)/segmental duplication is the main driving force behind their expansion. The genes contained various conserved motifs and cis-acting elements, and the correspondent proteins possessed a serial of conserved motifs. A total of six PbrMCUs with diverse expression patterns were detected as the pear fruit ripened. Following the results of the impact of postharvest treatments (ethrel and 1-methylcyclopropene) and transient overexpression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1 gene (PbrACO1), the candidate genes PbrMCU3, PbrMCU4, and PbrMCU7 were determined to be involved in pear ripening. Moreover, the response of mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 (PbrMICU1) transcription to the postharvest treatments was similar to that of PbrMCU4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Libin Wang
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Guodong Chen
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Juyou Wu
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
| | - Sutian Tao
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tao Q, Niu H, Wang Z, Zhang W, Wang H, Wang S, Zhang X, Li Z. Ethylene responsive factor ERF110 mediates ethylene-regulated transcription of a sex determination-related orthologous gene in two Cucumis species. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:2953-2965. [PMID: 29659946 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In plants, unisexual flowers derived from developmental sex determination form separate stamens and pistils that facilitate cross pollination. In cucumber and melon, ethylene plays a key role in sex determination. Six sex determination-related genes have been identified in ethylene biosynthesis in these Cucumis species. The interactions among these genes are thought to involve ethylene signaling; however, the underlying mechanism of regulation remains unknown. In this study, hormone treatment and qPCR assays were used to confirm expression of these sex determination-related genes in cucumber and melon is ethylene sensitive. RNA-Seq analysis subsequently helped identify the ethylene responsive factor (ERF) gene, CsERF110, related to ethylene signaling and sex determination. CsERF110 and its melon ortholog, CmERF110, shared a conserved AP2/ERF domain and showed ethylene-sensitive expression. Yeast one-hybrid and ChIP-PCR assays further indicated that CsERF110 bound to at least two sites in the promoter fragment of CsACS11, while transient transformation analysis showed that CsERF110 and CmERF110 enhance CsACS11 and CmACS11 promoter activity, respectively. Taken together, these findings suggest that CsERF110 and CmERF110 respond to ethylene signaling, mediating ethylene-regulated transcription of CsACS11 and CmACS11 in cucumber and melon, respectively. Furthermore, the mechanism involved in its regulation is thought to be conserved in these two Cucumis species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Tao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huanhuan Niu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shenhao Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zuo J, Wang Y, Zhu B, Luo Y, Wang Q, Gao L. Comparative Analysis of DNA Methylation Reveals Specific Regulations on Ethylene Pathway in Tomato Fruit. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9050266. [PMID: 29883429 PMCID: PMC5977206 DOI: 10.3390/genes9050266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an essential feature of epigenetic regulation and plays a role in various physiological and biochemical processes at CG, CHG, and CHH sites in plants. LeERF1 is an ethylene response factor (ERF) found in tomatoes which plays an important role in ethylene signal transduction. To explore the characteristics of DNA methylation in the ethylene pathway, sense-/antisense-LeERF1 transgenic tomato fruit were chosen for deep sequencing and bioinformatics parsing. The methylation type with the greatest distribution was CG, (71.60–72.80%) and CHH was found least frequently (10.70–12.50%). The level of DNA methylation was different among different tomato genomic regions. The differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were conjointly analyzed and 3030 different expressed genes were found, of which several are involved in ethylene synthesis and signaling transduction (such as ACS, ACO, MADS-Box, ERFs, and F-box). Furthermore, the relationships between DNA methylation and microRNAs (miRNAs) were also deciphered, providing basic information for the further study of DNA methylation and small RNAs involved in the ethylene pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zuo
- Key Laboratory of the Vegetable Postharvest Treatment of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University Campus, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Yunxiang Wang
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Benzhong Zhu
- Laboratory of Postharvest Molecular Biology of Fruits and Vegetables, Department of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yunbo Luo
- Laboratory of Postharvest Molecular Biology of Fruits and Vegetables, Department of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Vegetable Postharvest Treatment of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Lipu Gao
- Key Laboratory of the Vegetable Postharvest Treatment of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kanojia A, Dijkwel PP. Abiotic Stress Responses are Governed by Reactive Oxygen Species and Age. ANNUAL PLANT REVIEWS ONLINE 2018:295-326. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1002/9781119312994.apr0611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
|
32
|
Chao J, Yang S, Chen Y, Tian WM. Transcript Profiling of Hevea brasiliensis during Latex Flow. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1904. [PMID: 29163621 PMCID: PMC5682034 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Latex exploitation enhances latex regeneration in rubber trees. The latex exploitation-caused latex flow lasts from 10 min to a few hours, which is convenient for exploring the transcript profiling of latex metabolism-related genes at the different stages of latex flow. In the present study, the expression pattern of 62 latex metabolism-related genes involved in water transportation, carbohydrate metabolism, natural rubber biosynthesis, hormone signaling, ROS generation and scavenging, and latex coagulum across three stages of latex flow between rubber tree clones CATAS7-33-97 and CATAS8-79 were comparatively analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The two clones show differences in latex regeneration and have a different duration of latex flow. The results showed that the expression levels of 38 genes were significantly higher in CATAS8-79 latex than in CATAS7-33-97 during latex regeneration, while 45 genes had a notably higher expression level in CATAS8-79 latex during latex flow. Together with the activation of the MEP pathway and jasmonate pathway in CATAS8-79 latex, HbPIP1;3, HbPIP1;4, HbSUT3, HbSus3, HbHMGS1-2, HbMK should contribute to the high latex regeneration ability. The up-regulation of ethylene signaling and Hb44KD and the down-regulation of latex coagulation-related genes in CATAS8-79 latex might contribute to its longer latex flow duration. This study provides some cues for revealing the regulation of latex metabolism in rubber trees.
Collapse
|
33
|
Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the roles of ROS scavenging genes in response to cadmium in two pak choi cultivars. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9217. [PMID: 28835647 PMCID: PMC5569009 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09838-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify key regulatory genes involved in ROS scavenging in response to cadmium (Cd) exposure in pak choi, eight cDNA libraries from Cd-treated and Cd-free roots of two cultivars, Baiyewuyueman (high Cd accumulator) and Kuishan’aijiaoheiye (low Cd accumulator), were firstly performed by RNA-sequencing. Totally 0.443 billion clean reads and 244,190 unigenes were obtained from eight transcriptome. About 797 and 1167 unigenes encoding ROS related proteins and transcription factors were identified. Of them, 11 and 16 ROS scavenging system related DEGs, and 29 and 15 transcription factors related DEGs were found in Baiyewuyueman and Kuishan’aijiaoheiye, respectively. Ten ROS-scavenging genes (Cu/Zn-SOD, GST1, PODs, TrxR2, PrxR, FER3 and NDPK) showed higher expression levels in Cd-exposed seedings of Baiyewuyueman than those of Kuishan’aijiaoheiye. Four genes (GPX, APX, GRX and GST3) specifically expressed in Cd-free roots of Kuishan’aijiaoheiye. For transcription factors, ERF12/13/22 and WRKY31 was up-regulated by Cd in Baiyewuyueman, while in Kuishan’aijiaoheiye, Cd induced down-regulations of bZIP, NAC and ZFP families. The results indicate that the two cultivars differed in the mechanism of ROS scavenging in response to Cd stress. Fe SOD1, POD A2/44/54/62 and GST1 may be responsible for the difference of Cd tolerance between Baiyewuyueman and Kuishan’aijiaoheiye.
Collapse
|
34
|
The microbe-secreted isopeptide poly-γ-glutamic acid induces stress tolerance in Brassica napus L. seedlings by activating crosstalk between H 2O 2 and Ca 2. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41618. [PMID: 28198821 PMCID: PMC5304171 DOI: 10.1038/srep41618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a microbe-secreted isopeptide that has been shown to promote growth and enhance stress tolerance in crops. However, its site of action and downstream signaling pathways are still unknown. In this study, we investigated γ-PGA-induced tolerance to salt and cold stresses in Brassica napus L. seedlings. Fluorescent labeling of γ-PGA was used to locate the site of its activity in root protoplasts. The relationship between γ-PGA-induced stress tolerance and two signal molecules, H2O2 and Ca2+, as well as the γ-PGA-elicited signaling pathway at the whole plant level, were explored. Fluorescent labeling showed that γ-PGA did not enter the cytoplasm but instead attached to the surface of root protoplasm. Here, it triggered a burst of H2O2 in roots by enhancing the transcription of RbohD and RbohF, and the elicited H2O2 further activated an influx of Ca2+ into root cells. Ca2+ signaling was transmitted via the stem from roots to leaves, where it elicited a fresh burst of H2O2, thus promoting plant growth and enhancing stress tolerance. On the basis of these observation, we propose that γ-PGA mediates stress tolerance in Brassica napus seedlings by activating an H2O2 burst and subsequent crosstalk between H2O2 and Ca2+ signaling.
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang Y, Zhao G, Li Y, Mo N, Zhang J, Liang Y. Transcriptomic Analysis Implies That GA Regulates Sex Expression via Ethylene-Dependent and Ethylene-Independent Pathways in Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:10. [PMID: 28154572 PMCID: PMC5243814 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Sex differentiation of flower buds is an important developmental process that directly affects fruit yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Plant hormones, such as gibberellins (GAs) and ethylene can promote development of male and female flowers, respectively, however, the regulatory mechanisms of GA-induced male flower formation and potential involvement of ethylene in this process still remain unknown. In this study, to unravel the genes and gene networks involved in GA-regulated cucumber sexual development, we performed high throughout RNA-Seq analyses that compared the transcriptomes of shoot tips between GA3 treated and untreated gynoecious cucumber plants. Results showed that GA3 application markedly induced male flowers but decreased ethylene production in shoot tips. Furthermore, the transcript levels of M (CsACS2) gene, ethylene receptor CsETR1 and some ethylene-responsive transcription factors were dramatically changed after GA3 treatment, suggesting a potential involvement of ethylene in GA-regulated sex expression of cucumber. Interestingly, GA3 down-regulated transcript of a C-class floral homeotic gene, CAG2, indicating that GA may also influence cucumber sex determination through an ethylene-independent process. These results suggest a novel model for hormone-mediated sex differentiation and provide a theoretical basis for further dissection of the regulatory mechanism of male flower formation in cucumber. Statement: We reveal that GA can regulate sex expression of cucumber via an ethylene-dependent manner, and the M (CsACS2), CsETR1, and ERFs are probably involved in this process. Moreover, CAG2, a C-class floral homeotic gene, may also participate in GA-modulated cucumber sex determination, but this pathway is ethylene-independent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Region, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Guiye Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Region, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Yushun Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Region, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Ning Mo
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Region, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Region, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Yan Liang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Region, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Liang,
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Marslin G, Sheeba CJ, Franklin G. Nanoparticles Alter Secondary Metabolism in Plants via ROS Burst. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:832. [PMID: 28580002 PMCID: PMC5437210 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The particles within the size range of 1 and 100 nm are known as nanoparticles (NPs). NP-containing wastes released from household, industrial and medical products are emerging as a new threat to the environment. Plants, being fixed to the two major environmental sinks where NPs accumulate - namely water and soil, cannot escape the impact of nanopollution. Recent studies have shown that plant growth, development and physiology are significantly affected by NPs. But, the effect of NPs on plant secondary metabolism is still obscure. The induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following interactions with NPs has been observed consistently across plant species. Taking into account the existing link between ROS and secondary signaling messengers that lead to transcriptional regulation of secondary metabolism, in this perspective we put forward the argument that ROS induced in plants upon their interaction with NPs will likely interfere with plant secondary metabolism. As plant secondary metabolites play vital roles in plant performance, communication, and adaptation, a comprehensive understanding of plant secondary metabolism in response to NPs is an utmost priority.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Marslin
- Chinese–German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhong, China
| | - Caroline J. Sheeba
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory Franklin
- Department of Integrative Plant Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznan, Poland
- *Correspondence: Gregory Franklin,
| |
Collapse
|