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Wang J, Ouyang F, An S, Wang L, Xu N, Ma J, Wang J, Zhang H, Kong L. Variation, coordination, and trade-offs between needle structures and photosynthetic-related traits across five Picea species: consequences on plant growth. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:242. [PMID: 35581540 PMCID: PMC9112436 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Picea species are distributed and planted world-wide due to their great ecological and economic values. It has been reported that Picea species vary widely in growth traits in a given environment, which reflects genetic and phenotypic differences among species. However, key physiological processes underlying tree growth and the influencing factors on them are still unknown. RESULTS Here, we examined needle structures, needle chemical components, physiological characteristics and growth traits across five Picea species in a common garden in Tianshui, Gansu province in China: Picea glauca, P. mariana, P. likiangensis, P. koraiensis, and P. crassifolia, among which P. glauca and P. mariana were introduced from North America, P. likiangensis was from Lijiang, Yunan province in China, P. koraiensis was from Yichun, Heilongjiang province in China, and P. crassifolia was native to the experimental site. It was found that nearly all traits varied significantly among species. Tissue-level anatomical characteristics and leaf mass per area (LMA) were affected by needle size, but the variations of them were not associated with the variations in photosynthetic and biochemical capacity among species. Variations in area-based maximum photosynthesis (Pnmax) were affected by stomatal conductance (gs), mesophyll conductance (gm) and biochemical parameters including maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax), and maximum electron transport rate (Jmax). The fraction of N allocated to different photosynthetic apparatus displayed contrasting values among species, which contributed to the species variations in photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) and Pnmax. Additionally, all growth traits were positively correlated with Pnmax and PNUE. CONCLUSION Needle structures are less important than needle biochemical parameters in determining the variations in photosynthetic capacity across the five Picea species. Pnmax and PNUE are closedly associated with the fraction of N allocated to photosynthetic apparatus (Pphoto) compared with leaf N content per area (Narea). The tremendous growth differences among the five Picea species were substantially related to the interspecies variation in Pnmax and PNUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangqun Ouyang
- Beijing Floriculture Engineering Technology Research Centre, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China.
| | - Sanping An
- Research Institute of Forestry of Xiaolong Mountain, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Secondary Forest Cultivation, Tianshui, 741022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Wang
- Research Institute of Forestry of Xiaolong Mountain, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Secondary Forest Cultivation, Tianshui, 741022, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Xu
- Research Institute of Forestry of Xiaolong Mountain, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Secondary Forest Cultivation, Tianshui, 741022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Ma
- Research Institute of Forestry of Xiaolong Mountain, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Secondary Forest Cultivation, Tianshui, 741022, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hanguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisheng Kong
- Department of Biology, Centre for Forest Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
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Van Sundert K, Arfin Khan MAS, Bharath S, Buckley YM, Caldeira MC, Donohue I, Dubbert M, Ebeling A, Eisenhauer N, Eskelinen A, Finn A, Gebauer T, Haider S, Hansart A, Jentsch A, Kübert A, Nijs I, Nock CA, Nogueira C, Porath-Krause AJ, Radujković D, Raynaud X, Risch AC, Roscher C, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Schuchardt MA, Schütz M, Siebert J, Sitters J, Spohn M, Virtanen R, Werner C, Wilfahrt P, Vicca S. Fertilized graminoids intensify negative drought effects on grassland productivity. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2441-2457. [PMID: 33675118 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Droughts can strongly affect grassland productivity and biodiversity, but responses differ widely. Nutrient availability may be a critical factor explaining this variation, but is often ignored in analyses of drought responses. Here, we used a standardized nutrient addition experiment covering 10 European grasslands to test if full-factorial nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium addition affected plant community responses to inter-annual variation in drought stress and to the extreme summer drought of 2018 in Europe. We found that nutrient addition amplified detrimental drought effects on community aboveground biomass production. Drought effects also differed between functional groups, with a negative effect on graminoid but not forb biomass production. Our results imply that eutrophication in grasslands, which promotes dominance of drought-sensitive graminoids over forbs, amplifies detrimental drought effects. In terms of climate change adaptation, agricultural management would benefit from taking into account differential drought impacts on fertilized versus unfertilized grasslands, which differ in ecosystem services they provide to society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Van Sundert
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Global Change Ecology Centre of Excellence, Biology Department, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Mohammed A S Arfin Khan
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
- Department of Disturbance Ecology, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Siddharth Bharath
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Maria C Caldeira
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ian Donohue
- Department of Zoology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maren Dubbert
- Ecosystem Physiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Isotope Biogeochemistry and Gas Fluxes, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Anne Ebeling
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- Department of Experimental Interaction Ecology, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anu Eskelinen
- Department of Physiological Diversity, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alain Finn
- Department of Zoology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tobias Gebauer
- Geobotany, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sylvia Haider
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Geobotany, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Amandine Hansart
- Département de biologie, CNRS, Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), Ecole normale supérieure, PSL University, Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Anke Jentsch
- Department of Disturbance Ecology, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Angelika Kübert
- Ecosystem Physiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ivan Nijs
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Global Change Ecology Centre of Excellence, Biology Department, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Charles A Nock
- Geobotany, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Renewable Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Carla Nogueira
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anita J Porath-Krause
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Dajana Radujković
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Global Change Ecology Centre of Excellence, Biology Department, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Xavier Raynaud
- Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, UPEC, IRD, CNRS, INRA, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, iEES Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anita C Risch
- Community Ecology Research Unit, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Roscher
- Department of Physiological Diversity, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Max A Schuchardt
- Department of Disturbance Ecology, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Martin Schütz
- Community Ecology Research Unit, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Julia Siebert
- Department of Experimental Interaction Ecology, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Judith Sitters
- Ecology and Biodiversity, Biology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie Spohn
- Department of Soil and Environment, Sveriges Landbruksuniversitet (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - Peter Wilfahrt
- Department of Disturbance Ecology, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Sara Vicca
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Global Change Ecology Centre of Excellence, Biology Department, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Saito A, Shinjo S, Ito D, Doi Y, Sato A, Wakabayashi Y, Honda J, Arai Y, Maeda T, Ohyama T, Higuchi K. Enhancement of Photosynthetic Iron-Use Efficiency Is an Important Trait of Hordeum vulgare for Adaptation of Photosystems to Iron Deficiency. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10020234. [PMID: 33504088 PMCID: PMC7911540 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Leaf iron (Fe) contents in Fe-deficiency-tolerant plants are not necessarily higher than that in Fe-deficiency-susceptible ones, suggesting an unknown mechanism involved in saving and allowing the efficient use of minimal Fe. To quantitatively evaluate the difference in Fe economy for photosynthesis, we compared the ratio of CO2 assimilation rate to Fe content in newly developed leaves as a novel index of photosynthetic iron-use efficiency (PIUE) among 23 different barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties. Notably, varieties originating from areas with alkaline soil increased PIUE in response to Fe-deficiency, suggesting that PIUE enhancement is a crucial and genetically inherent trait for acclimation to Fe-deficient environments. Multivariate analyses revealed that the ability to increase PIUE was correlated with photochemical quenching (qP), which is a coefficient of light energy used in photosynthesis. Nevertheless, the maximal quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry, non-photochemical quenching, and quantum yield of carbon assimilation showed a relatively low correlation with PIUE. This result suggests that the ability of Fe-deficiency-tolerant varieties of barley to increase PIUE is related to optimizing the electron flow downstream of PSII, including cytochrome b6f and photosystem I.
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Leite JM, Pitumpe Arachchige PS, Ciampitti IA, Hettiarachchi GM, Maurmann L, Trivelin PCO, Prasad PVV, Sunoj SVJ. Co-addition of humic substances and humic acids with urea enhances foliar nitrogen use efficiency in sugarcane ( Saccharum officinarum L.). Heliyon 2020; 6:e05100. [PMID: 33117897 PMCID: PMC7581923 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Humic substances (HS) and humic acids (HA) are proven to enhance nutrient uptake and growth in plants. Foliar application of urea combined with HS and HA offers an alternative strategy to increase nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The objective of this study was to understand the effects of foliar application of HA and HS along with urea on NUE and response of different biometric, biochemical and physiological traits of sugarcane with respect to cultivar, mode of foliar application, geographic location and intervals of foliar application. To study this, two different independent Experiments were conducted in green house facilities at two different agro-climatic zones (USA and Brazil) using two different predominant varieties, modes and intervals of foliar applications. The three different foliar applications used in this study were (1) urea (U), (2) mixture of urea and HS (U+HS) and (3) HA (U+HA). In both Experiments, 15N (nitrogen isotope) recovery or NUE was higher in U+HS followed by U+HA. However, magnitude of NUE changed according to the differences in two Experiments. Results showed that foliar application of U+HS and U+HA was rapidly absorbed and stored in the form of protein and starch. Also induced changes in photosynthesis, intrinsic water use efficiency, protein, total soluble sugars and starch signifying a synergistic effect of U+HS and U+HA on carbon and nitrogen metabolism. These results showed promising use of HS and HA with urea to improve NUE in sugarcane compared to using the urea alone. Simultaneously, mode, quantity, and interval of foliar application should be standardized based on the geographic locations and varieties to optimize the NUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Leite
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.,Department of Soil Science, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Leila Maurmann
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Paulo C O Trivelin
- Laboratory of Stable Isotopes, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - P V Vara Prasad
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - S V John Sunoj
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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Mutale-Joan C, Redouane B, Najib E, Yassine K, Lyamlouli K, Laila S, Zeroual Y, Hicham EA. Screening of microalgae liquid extracts for their bio stimulant properties on plant growth, nutrient uptake and metabolite profile of Solanum lycopersicum L. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2820. [PMID: 32071360 PMCID: PMC7028939 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the biostimulant effects of 18 Crude Bio-Extracts (CBEs) obtained from Microalgae and Cyanobacteria on tomato plant growth, chlorophyll content, nutrient uptake and metabolite profile. Significant root and shoot length improvement (112.65%, 53.70%); was recorded at treatment with Aphanothece sp and C. ellipsoidea CBEs respectively. Meanwhile, the highest root and shoot dry weight (DW) (34.81%, 58.69%) were obtained at treatment with Aphanothece sp. The latter also displayed the maximum uptake of Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which increased by 185.17%, 119.36% and 78.04% respectively compared with non-treated plants. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) confirmed that Phosphorus and Potassium levels in roots were closely related to enhanced Root length, whereas Nitrogen and chlorophyll b were closely related to Shoot and root DW. Additionally, Gas Chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) indicated that treatment with CBEs, induced the production of a vast array of metabolites. Treated plants recorded higher accumulation of palmitic and stearic acids, which could indicate a stimulation in de novo Lipid synthesis. CBEs also triggered the accumulation of pyridine-3-carboxamide (an amide active form of vitamin B3) and Linolenic acid; one of the key precursors in the biosynthetic pathway leading to plant jasmonates. Our results are a first step towards understanding the effects of microalgal extracts on plant physiology and biochemical pathways. Further investigations on biochemical fractionation of microalgal extracts and agronomic tests of their purified bioactive compounds could be a useful principal novelty for in-depth study of CBE action mechanisms. Other useful tools include; Comparative hormone profiling of treated and non-treated plants accompanied with combined High-Throughput Plant Phenotyping, transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanda Mutale-Joan
- Green Biotechnology laboratory, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MASCIR), Rabat Design Center Rue Mohamed Al Jazouli - Madinat Al Irfane Rabat 10 100, Rabat, Morocco
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment. Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
| | - Benhima Redouane
- Green Biotechnology laboratory, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MASCIR), Rabat Design Center Rue Mohamed Al Jazouli - Madinat Al Irfane Rabat 10 100, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Elmernissi Najib
- Green Biotechnology laboratory, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MASCIR), Rabat Design Center Rue Mohamed Al Jazouli - Madinat Al Irfane Rabat 10 100, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Kasmi Yassine
- Green Biotechnology laboratory, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MASCIR), Rabat Design Center Rue Mohamed Al Jazouli - Madinat Al Irfane Rabat 10 100, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Karim Lyamlouli
- AgBSprogram UM6P University Jorflasfar Morocco, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sbabou Laila
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment. Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
| | - Youssef Zeroual
- AgBSprogram UM6P University Jorflasfar Morocco, Rabat, Morocco
| | - El Arroussi Hicham
- Green Biotechnology laboratory, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MASCIR), Rabat Design Center Rue Mohamed Al Jazouli - Madinat Al Irfane Rabat 10 100, Rabat, Morocco.
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Flexas J, Carriquí M. Photosynthesis and photosynthetic efficiencies along the terrestrial plant's phylogeny: lessons for improving crop photosynthesis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 101:964-978. [PMID: 31833133 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is the basis of all life on Earth. Surprisingly, until very recently, data on photosynthesis, photosynthetic efficiencies, and photosynthesis limitations in terrestrial land plants other than spermatophytes were very scarce. Here we provide an updated data compilation showing that maximum photosynthesis rates (expressed either on an area or dry mass basis) progressively scale along the land plant's phylogeny, from lowest values in bryophytes to largest in angiosperms. Unexpectedly, both photosynthetic water (WUE) and nitrogen (PNUE) use efficiencies also scale positively through the phylogeny, for which it has been commonly reported that these two efficiencies tend to trade-off between them when comparing different genotypes or a single species subject to different environmental conditions. After providing experimental evidence that these observed trends are mostly due to an increased mesophyll conductance to CO2 - associated with specific anatomical changes - along the phylogeny, we discuss how these findings on a large phylogenetic scale can provide useful information to address potential photosynthetic improvements in crops in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Flexas
- Research Group on Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, Universitat de les Illes Balears - Instituto de Investigaciones Agroambientales y de Economía del Agua (UIB-INAGEA), Carretera de Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Spain
| | - Marc Carriquí
- Research Group on Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, Universitat de les Illes Balears - Instituto de Investigaciones Agroambientales y de Economía del Agua (UIB-INAGEA), Carretera de Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Spain
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 51, 7001, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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7
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Gong HD, Geng YJ, Yang C, Jiao DY, Chen L, Cai ZQ. Yield and resource use efficiency of Plukenetia volubilis plants at two distinct growth stages as affected by irrigation and fertilization. Sci Rep 2018; 8:80. [PMID: 29311616 PMCID: PMC5758783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18342-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is to test how seedlings (vegetative) and large plants (reproductive) of an oilseed crop (Plukenetia volubilis) responded to regulated deficit irrigation techniques (conventional deficit irrigation, DI; alternative partial root-zone irrigation, APRI) in a tropical humid monsoon area. Seedlings were more sensitive to water deficit than large plants. Although APRI did better than DI in saving water for both seedlings and large plants at the same amount of irrigation, full irrigation (FI) is optimal for faster seedling growth at the expense of water-use efficiency (WUE). The seed number per unit area was responsible for the total seed oil yield, largely depending on the active process of carbon and nitrogen storages at the whole-plant level. The magnitude of the increase in total seed and seed oil yield by fertilization was similar under different irrigation regimes. Compared with FI, DI can save water, but reduced the total seed yield and had lower agronomic nutrient-use efficiency (NUEagr); whereas APRI had similar total seed yield and NUEagr, but reduced water use greatly. Although the dual goal of increasing the yield and saving water was not compatible, maintaining a high yield and NUEagr at the cost of WUE is recommended for P. volubilis plantation in t he water-rich areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-De Gong
- School of Geography, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Yan-Jing Geng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China
| | - Dong-Ying Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, China
| | - Zhi-Quan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China.
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Li P, Dong H, Zheng C, Sun M, Liu A, Wang G, Liu S, Zhang S, Chen J, Li Y, Pang C, Zhao X. Optimizing nitrogen application rate and plant density for improving cotton yield and nitrogen use efficiency in the North China Plain. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185550. [PMID: 28981538 PMCID: PMC5628833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant population density (PPD) and nitrogen (N) application rate (NAR) are two controllable factors in cotton production. We conducted field experiments to investigate the effects of PPD, NAR and their interaction (PPD × NAR) on yield, N uptake and N use efficiency (NUE) of cotton using a split-plot design in the North China Plain during 2013 and 2014. The main plots were PPDs (plants m−2) of 3.00 (low), 5.25 (medium) and 7.50 (high) and the subplots were NARs of 0 (N-free), 112.5 (low), 225.0 (moderate) and 337.5 (high). During both 2013 and 2014, biological yield and N uptake of cotton increased significantly, but harvesting index decreased significantly with NAR and PPD increasing. With NAR increasing, internal nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) decreased significantly under three PPDs and agronomical NUE, physiologilal NUE, nitrogen recovery efficiency(NRE) and partial factor productivity from applied nitrogen (PFPN) also decreased significantly under high PPD between two years. Lint yield increment varied during different PPDs and years, but NAR enhancement showed less function under higher PPD than lower PPD in general. Taken together, moderate NAR under medium PPD combined higher lint yield with higher agronomic NUE, physiological NUE, and NRE, while low NAR with high PPD would achieve a comparable yield with superior NRE and PFPN and high NAR under high PPD and medium PPD produced higher biological yield but lower harvest index, lint yield and NUE compared to moderate NAR with medium PPD. Our overall results indicated that, in this region, increasing PPD and decreasing NAR properly would enhance both lint yield and NUE of cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Li
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Helin Dong
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, China
- * E-mail: (HD); (XZ)
| | - Cangsong Zheng
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Aizhong Liu
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Guoping Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Shaodong Liu
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Siping Zhang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Yabing Li
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Chaoyou Pang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, China
- * E-mail: (HD); (XZ)
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