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Stirbet A, Guo Y, Lazár D, Govindjee G. From leaf to multiscale models of photosynthesis: applications and challenges for crop improvement. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024; 161:21-49. [PMID: 38619700 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
To keep up with the growth of human population and to circumvent deleterious effects of global climate change, it is essential to enhance crop yield to achieve higher production. Here we review mathematical models of oxygenic photosynthesis that are extensively used, and discuss in depth a subset that accounts for diverse approaches providing solutions to our objective. These include models (1) to study different ways to enhance photosynthesis, such as fine-tuning antenna size, photoprotection and electron transport; (2) to bioengineer carbon metabolism; and (3) to evaluate the interactions between the process of photosynthesis and the seasonal crop dynamics, or those that have included statistical whole-genome prediction methods to quantify the impact of photosynthesis traits on the improvement of crop yield. We conclude by emphasizing that the results obtained in these studies clearly demonstrate that mathematical modelling is a key tool to examine different approaches to improve photosynthesis for better productivity, while effective multiscale crop models, especially those that also include remote sensing data, are indispensable to verify different strategies to obtain maximized crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Dušan Lazár
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký Univesity, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology, and the Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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2
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James C, Layton C, Hurd CL, Britton D. The endemic kelp Lessonia corrugata is being pushed above its thermal limits in an ocean warming hotspot. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2024; 60:503-516. [PMID: 38426571 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Kelps are in global decline due to climate change, which includes ocean warming. To identify vulnerable species, we need to identify their tolerances to increasing temperatures and determine whether tolerances are altered by co-occurring drivers such as inorganic nutrient levels. This is particularly important for those species with restricted distributions, which may already be experiencing thermal stress. To identify thermal tolerance of the range-restricted kelp Lessonia corrugata, we conducted a laboratory experiment on juvenile sporophytes to measure performance (growth, photosynthesis) across its thermal range (4-22°C). We determined the upper thermal limit for growth and photosynthesis to be ~22-23°C, with a thermal optimum of ~16°C. To determine if elevated inorganic nitrogen availability could enhance thermal tolerance, we compared the performance of juveniles under low (4.5 μmol · d-1) and high (90 μmol · d-1) nitrate conditions at and above the thermal optimum (16-23.5°C). Nitrate enrichment did not enhance thermal performance at temperatures above the optimum but did lead to elevated growth rates at the thermal optimum. Our results indicate L. corrugata is likely to be extremely susceptible to moderate ocean warming and marine heatwaves. Peak sea surface temperatures during summer in eastern and northeastern Tasmania can reach up to 20-21°C, and climate projections suggest that L. corrugata's thermal limit will be regularly exceeded by 2050 as southeastern Australia is a global ocean-warming hotspot. By identifying the upper thermal limit of L. corrugata, we have taken a critical step in predicting the future of the species in a warming climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody James
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Cayne Layton
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Catriona L Hurd
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Damon Britton
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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3
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Schwoerbel J, Visch W, Wright JT, Bellgrove A, Sanderson JC, Hurd CL. Thermal performance curves identify seasonal and site-specific variation in the development of Ecklonia radiata (Phaeophyceae) gametophytes and sporophytes. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2024; 60:83-101. [PMID: 37897074 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Rapid ocean warming is affecting kelp forests globally. While the sporophyte life stage has been well studied for many species, the microscopic life stages of laminarian kelps have been understudied, particularly regarding spatial and temporal variations in thermal tolerance and their interaction. We investigated the thermal tolerance of growth, survival, development, and fertilization of Ecklonia radiata gametophytes, derived from zoospores sampled from two sites in Tasmania, Australia, throughout a year, over a temperature gradient (3-30°C). For growth we found a relatively stable thermal optimum at ~20.5°C and stable thermal maxima (25.3-27.7°C). The magnitude of growth was highly variable and depended on season and site, with no consistent spatial pattern for growth and gametophyte size. Survival also had a relatively stable thermal optimum of ~17°C, 3°C below the optimum for growth. Gametophytes grew to single cells between 5 and 25°C, but sporophytes were only observed between 10 and 20°C, indicating reproductive failure outside this range. The results reveal complex effects of source population and season of collection on gametophyte performance in E. radiata, with implications when comparing results from material collected at different localities and times. In Tasmania, gametophytes grow considerably below the estimated thermal maxima and thermal optima that are currently only reached during summer heatwaves, whereas optima for survival (~17°C) are frequently reached and surpassed during heatwaves, which may affect the persistence and recruitment of E. radiata in a warmer climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakop Schwoerbel
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Wouter Visch
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jeffrey T Wright
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Alecia Bellgrove
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Marine Science, Deakin University, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Catriona L Hurd
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia
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4
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Britton D, Layton C, Mundy CN, Brewer EA, Gaitán-Espitia JD, Beardall J, Raven JA, Hurd CL. Cool-edge populations of the kelp Ecklonia radiata under global ocean change scenarios: strong sensitivity to ocean warming but little effect of ocean acidification. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20232253. [PMID: 38228502 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.2253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Kelp forests are threatened by ocean warming, yet effects of co-occurring drivers such as CO2 are rarely considered when predicting their performance in the future. In Australia, the kelp Ecklonia radiata forms extensive forests across seawater temperatures of approximately 7-26°C. Cool-edge populations are typically considered more thermally tolerant than their warm-edge counterparts but this ignores the possibility of local adaptation. Moreover, it is unknown whether elevated CO2 can mitigate negative effects of warming. To identify whether elevated CO2 could improve thermal performance of a cool-edge population of E. radiata, we constructed thermal performance curves for growth and photosynthesis, under both current and elevated CO2 (approx. 400 and 1000 µatm). We then modelled annual performance under warming scenarios to highlight thermal susceptibility. Elevated CO2 had minimal effect on growth but increased photosynthesis around the thermal optimum. Thermal optima were approximately 16°C for growth and approximately 18°C for photosynthesis, and modelled performance indicated cool-edge populations may be vulnerable in the future. Our findings demonstrate that elevated CO2 is unlikely to offset negative effects of ocean warming on the kelp E. radiata and highlight the potential susceptibility of cool-edge populations to ocean warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon Britton
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, Hobart, Tasmania 7004, Australia
| | - Cayne Layton
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, Hobart, Tasmania 7004, Australia
| | - Craig N Mundy
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, Hobart, Tasmania 7004, Australia
| | | | - Juan Diego Gaitán-Espitia
- School of Biological Sciences and the SWIRE Institute of Marine Sciences, The University of Hong-Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - John Beardall
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - John A Raven
- Division of Plant Science, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Catriona L Hurd
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, Hobart, Tasmania 7004, Australia
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5
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Zhang J, Yang Q, Yue W, Yang B, Zhou W, Chen L, Huang X, Zhang W, Dong J, Ling J. Seagrass Thalassia hemprichii and associated bacteria co-response to the synergistic stress of ocean warming and ocean acidification. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116658. [PMID: 37454799 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Seagrass meadows play vital ecological roles in the marine ecosystem. Global climate change poses considerable threats to seagrass survival. However, it is unclear how seagrass and its associated bacteria will respond under future complex climate change scenarios. This study explored the effects of ocean warming (+2 °C) and ocean acidification (-0.4 units) on seagrass physiological indexes and bacterial communities (sediment and rhizosphere bacteria) of the seagrass Thalassia hemprichii during an experimental exposure of 30 days. Results demonstrated that the synergistic effect of ocean warming and ocean acidification differed from that of one single factor on seagrass and the associated bacterial community. The seagrass showed a weak resistance to ocean warming and ocean acidification, which manifested through the increase in the activity of typical oxidoreductase enzymes. Moreover, the synergistic effect of ocean warming and ocean acidification caused a significant decrease in seagrass's chlorophyll content. Although the bacterial community diversity exhibited higher resistance to ocean warming and ocean acidification, further bacterial functional analysis revealed the synergistic effect of ocean warming and ocean acidification led to significant increases in SOX-related genes abundance which potentially supported the seagrass in resisting climate stress by producing sulfates and oxidizing hydrogen sulfide. More stable bacterial communities were detected in the seagrass rhizosphere under combined ocean warming and ocean acidification. While for one single environmental stress, simpler networks were detected in the rhizosphere. In addition, the observed significant correlations between several modules of the bacterial community and the physiological indexes of the seagrass indicate the possible intimate interaction between seagrass and bacteria under ocean warming and ocean acidification. This study extends our understanding regarding the role of seagrass associated bacterial communities and sheds light on both the prediction and preservation of the seagrass meadow ecosystems in response to global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya, 572000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shantou, 515041, PR China; Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, PR China
| | - Qingsong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya, 572000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shantou, 515041, PR China; Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, PR China
| | - Weizhong Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, PR China
| | - Bing Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Weiguo Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya, 572000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shantou, 515041, PR China; Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, PR China
| | - Luxiang Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya, 572000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shantou, 515041, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Wenqian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya, 572000, PR China; Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, PR China
| | - Junde Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya, 572000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shantou, 515041, PR China; Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, PR China.
| | - Juan Ling
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya, 572000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shantou, 515041, PR China; Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, PR China.
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6
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Minguito-Frutos M, Adams MP, Alcoverro T, Vilas MP, Alonso D, Mayol E, Bernardeu-Esteller J, Marín-Guirao L, Ruiz JM, Boada J. Quantifying the role of photoacclimation and self-facilitation for seagrass resilience to light deprivation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1186538. [PMID: 37546272 PMCID: PMC10401047 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1186538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Light gradients are ubiquitous in marine systems as light reduces exponentially with depth. Seagrasses have a set of mechanisms that help them to cope with light stress gradients. Physiological photoacclimation and clonal integration help to maximize light capture and minimize carbon losses. These mechanisms can shape plants minimum light requirements (MLR), which establish critical thresholds for seagrass survival and help us predict ecosystem responses to the alarming reduction in light availability. Methods Using the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa as a case study, we compare the MLR under different carbon model scenarios, which include photoacclimation and/or self-facilitation (based on clonal integration) and that where parameterized with values from field experiments. Results Physiological photoacclimation conferred plants with increased tolerance to reducing light, approximately halving their MLR from 5-6% surface irradiance (SI) to ≈ 3% SI. In oligotrophic waters, this change in MLR could translate to an increase of several meters in their depth colonization limit. In addition, we show that reduced mortality rates derived from self-facilitation mechanisms (promoted by high biomass) induce bistability of seagrass meadows along the light stress gradient, leading to abrupt shifts and hysteretic behaviors at their deep limit. Discussion The results from our models point to (i) the critical role of physiological photoacclimation in conferring greater resistance and ability to recover (i.e., resilience), to seagrasses facing light deprivation and (ii) the importance of self-facilitating reinforcing mechanisms in driving the resilience and recovery of seagrass systems exposed to severe light reduction events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Minguito-Frutos
- Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d’Accés a la cala Sant Francesc, Girona, Spain
| | - Matthew P. Adams
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Data Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Teresa Alcoverro
- Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d’Accés a la cala Sant Francesc, Girona, Spain
| | - María P. Vilas
- Department of Environment and Science, Queensland Government, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David Alonso
- Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d’Accés a la cala Sant Francesc, Girona, Spain
| | - Elvira Mayol
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies) (UIB-CSIC), Esporles, Spain
| | - Jaime Bernardeu-Esteller
- Seagrass Ecology Group, Oceanographic Center of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Lázaro Marín-Guirao
- Seagrass Ecology Group, Oceanographic Center of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan M. Ruiz
- Seagrass Ecology Group, Oceanographic Center of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Jordi Boada
- Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d’Accés a la cala Sant Francesc, Girona, Spain
- Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche-sur-Mer, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Villefranche sur mer, France
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7
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Turschwell MP, Connolly SR, Schäfer RB, De Laender F, Campbell MD, Mantyka-Pringle C, Jackson MC, Kattwinkel M, Sievers M, Ashauer R, Côté IM, Connolly RM, van den Brink PJ, Brown CJ. Interactive effects of multiple stressors vary with consumer interactions, stressor dynamics and magnitude. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:1483-1496. [PMID: 35478314 PMCID: PMC9320941 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the impacts of multiple stressors is important for informing ecosystem management but is impeded by a lack of a general framework for predicting whether stressors interact synergistically, additively or antagonistically. Here, we use process-based models to study how interactions generalise across three levels of biological organisation (physiological, population and consumer-resource) for a two-stressor experiment on a seagrass model system. We found that the same underlying processes could result in synergistic, additive or antagonistic interactions, with interaction type depending on initial conditions, experiment duration, stressor dynamics and consumer presence. Our results help explain why meta-analyses of multiple stressor experimental results have struggled to identify predictors of consistently non-additive interactions in the natural environment. Experiments run over extended temporal scales, with treatments across gradients of stressor magnitude, are needed to identify the processes that underpin how stressors interact and provide useful predictions to management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa P Turschwell
- Coastal and Marine Research Centre, School of Environment and Science, Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sean R Connolly
- Naos Marine Laboratories, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa Ancón, Republic of Panama.,College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- Quantitative Landscape Ecology, iES-Institute for Environmental Sciences, University Koblenz-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Frederik De Laender
- Research Unit of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Namur Institute of Complex Systems and Institute of Life, Earth, and the Environment, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Max D Campbell
- Coastal and Marine Research Centre, School of Environment and Science, Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chrystal Mantyka-Pringle
- Wildlife Conservation Society Canada, Whitehorse, Yukon Territory, Canada.,School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Mira Kattwinkel
- Quantitative Landscape Ecology, iES-Institute for Environmental Sciences, University Koblenz-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Michael Sievers
- Coastal and Marine Research Centre, School of Environment and Science, Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Roman Ashauer
- Environment Department, University of York, York, UK.,Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle M Côté
- Earth to Ocean Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rod M Connolly
- Coastal and Marine Research Centre, School of Environment and Science, Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul J van den Brink
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher J Brown
- Coastal and Marine Research Centre, School of Environment and Science, Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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8
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Plein M, O'Brien KR, Holden MH, Adams MP, Baker CM, Bean NG, Sisson SA, Bode M, Mengersen KL, McDonald‐Madden E. Modeling total predation to avoid perverse outcomes from cat control in a data-poor island ecosystem. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2022; 36:e13916. [PMID: 35352431 PMCID: PMC9804458 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Data hungry, complex ecosystem models are often used to predict the consequences of threatened species management, including perverse outcomes. Unfortunately, this approach is impractical in many systems, which have insufficient data to parameterize ecosystem interactions or reliably calibrate or validate such models. Here we demonstrate a different approach, using a minimum realistic model to guide decisions in data- and resource-scarce systems. We illustrate our approach with a case-study in an invaded ecosystem from Christmas Island, Australia, where there are concerns that cat eradication to protect native species, including the red-tailed tropicbird, could release meso-predation by invasive rats. We use biophysical constraints (metabolic demand) and observable parameters (e.g. prey preferences) to assess the combined cat and rat abundances which would threaten the tropicbird population. We find that the population of tropicbirds cannot be sustained if predated by 1607 rats (95% credible interval (CI) [103, 5910]) in the absence of cats, or 21 cats (95% CI [2, 82]) in the absence of rats. For every cat removed from the island, the bird's net population growth rate improves, provided that the rats do not increase by more than 77 individuals (95% CI [30, 174]). Thus, in this context, one cat is equivalent to 30-174 rats. Our methods are especially useful for on-the-ground predator control in the absence of knowledge of predator-predator interactions, to assess whether 1) the current abundance of predators threatens the prey population of interest, 2) managing one predator species alone is sufficient to protect the prey species given potential release of another predator, and 3) control of multiple predator species is needed to meet the conservation goal. Our approach demonstrates how to use limited information for maximum value in data-poor systems, by shifting the focus from predicting future trajectories, to identifying conditions which threaten the conservation goal. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Plein
- School of Earth and Environmental ScienceUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation ScienceUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
- Administration de la nature et des forêtsDiekirchLuxembourg
| | - Katherine R. O'Brien
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
| | - Matthew H. Holden
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation ScienceUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- School of Mathematics and PhysicsUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Matthew P. Adams
- School of Earth and Environmental ScienceUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation ScienceUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
- School of Mathematical SciencesQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical FrontiersQueensland University of, TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Christopher M. Baker
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Melbourne Centre for Data ScienceThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Centre of Excellence for Biosecurity Risk AnalysisThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Nigel G. Bean
- School of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical FrontiersUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Scott A. Sisson
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- UNSW Data Science HubUniversity of New SouthWales, SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Michael Bode
- School of Mathematical SciencesQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Kerrie L. Mengersen
- School of Mathematical SciencesQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical FrontiersQueensland University of, TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Eve McDonald‐Madden
- School of Earth and Environmental ScienceUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation ScienceUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
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9
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Abstract
Temperature variation-through time and across climatic gradients-affects individuals, populations, and communities. Yet how the thermal response of biological systems is altered by environmental stressors is poorly understood. Here, we quantify two key features-optimal temperature and temperature breadth-to investigate how temperature responses vary in the presence of antibiotics. We use high-throughput screening to measure growth of Escherichia coli under single and pairwise combinations of 12 antibiotics across seven temperatures that range from 22°C to 46°C. We find that antibiotic stress often results in considerable changes in the optimal temperature for growth and a narrower temperature breadth. The direction of the optimal temperature shifts can be explained by the similarities between antibiotic-induced and temperature-induced damage to the physiology of the bacterium. We also find that the effects of pairs of stressors in the temperature response can often be explained by just one antibiotic out of the pair. Our study has implications for a general understanding of how ecological systems adapt and evolve to environmental changes. IMPORTANCE The growth of living organisms varies with temperature. This dependence is described by a temperature response curve that is described by an optimal temperature where growth is maximized and a temperature range (termed breadth) across which the organism can grow. Because an organism's temperature response evolves or acclimates to its environment, it is often assumed to change over only evolutionary or developmental timescales. Counter to this, we show here that antibiotics can quickly (over hours) change the optimal growth temperature and temperature breadth for the bacterium Escherichia coli. Moreover, our results suggest a shared-damage hypothesis: when an antibiotic damages similar cellular components as hot (or cold) temperatures do, this shared damage will combine and compound to more greatly reduce growth when that antibiotic is administered at hot (or cold) temperatures. This hypothesis could potentially also explain how temperature responses are modified by stressors other than antibiotics.
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10
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Prelle LR, Albrecht M, Karsten U, Damer P, Giese T, Jähns J, Müller S, Schulz L, Viertel L, Glaser K. Ecophysiological and Cell Biological Traits of Benthic Diatoms From Coastal Wetlands of the Southern Baltic Sea. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:642811. [PMID: 33912148 PMCID: PMC8072133 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.642811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The German Baltic Sea coastline is characterized by sea-land transitions zones, specifically coastal peatlands. Such transition zones exhibit highly fluctuating environmental parameters and dynamic gradients that affect physiological processes of inhabiting organisms such as microphytobenthic communities. In the present study four representative and abundant benthic diatom strains [Melosira nummuloides, Nitzschia filiformis, Planothidium sp. (st. 1) and Planothidium sp. (st.2)] were isolated from a Baltic Sea beach and three peatlands that are irregularly affected by Baltic Sea water intrusion. Ecophysiological and cell biological traits of the strains were investigated for the first time as function of light, temperature and salinity. The four strains exhibited euryhaline growth over a range of 1–39 SA, surpassing in situ salinity of the respective brackish habitats. Furthermore, they showed eurythermal growth over a temperature range from 5 to 30°C with an optimum temperature between 15 and 20°C. Growth rates did not exhibit any differences between the peatland and Baltic Sea strains. The photosynthetic temperature optimum of the peatland diatom isolates, however, was much higher (20–35°C) compared to the Baltic Sea one (10°C). All strains exhibited light saturation points ranging between 29.8 and 72.6 μmol photons m–2 s–1. The lipid content did not change in response to the tested abiotic factors. All data point to wide physiological tolerances in these benthic diatoms along the respective sea-land transitions zones. This study could serve as a baseline for future studies on microphytobenthic communities and their key functions, like primary production, under fluctuating environmental stressors along terrestrial-marine gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara R Prelle
- Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ulf Karsten
- Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Pauline Damer
- Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Tabea Giese
- Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jessica Jähns
- Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Simon Müller
- Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Louisa Schulz
- Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lennard Viertel
- Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Karin Glaser
- Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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11
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Zhang X, Zhou Y, Adams MP, Wang F, Xu S, Wang P, Liu P, Liu X, Yue S. Plant morphology and seed germination responses of seagrass (Zostera japonica) to water depth and light availability in Ailian Bay, northern China. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 162:105082. [PMID: 32836011 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Poor water quality and light reduction owing to anthropogenic impacts are the most widespread causes behind marine submerged angiosperm (seagrass) declines, worldwide. Seagrasses could respond to sustained environmental stresses, such as increasing water depth and light reduction, through morphological changes, particularly shoot density and/or biomass reductions. The seagrass Zostera japonica Asch. and Graebn. has been introduced to the Pacific Coast of North America, but it is widely threatened in its native northwestern Pacific Coast range alongside the east coast of China. The main aims of this study were to determine: 1) the depth limit of Z. japonica growth in its native range, and 2) how light availability affects the growth and recruitment of Z. japonica. To achieve these aims, we investigated the temporal responses of Z. japonica shoots and seeds from an intertidal donor site, Swan Lake, to light availability at water depths ranging from 1 to 6 m using in situ suspended cultures deployed in the experimental site, Ailian Bay, off the coast of Weihai City, China. The results showed that the transplanted Z. japonica shoots and seeds could survive for the duration of their annual growth cycle, permanently underwater, at a depth ≤2 m. There was a significant inverse relationship between water depth and time to complete shoot loss, despite temporally varying water clarity levels. Due to the local turbidity of the waters in Ailian Bay, a depth of 2 m yielded sufficient light deprivation (5%-37% surface irradiance) to negatively affect the seagrass shoot density. Our results suggest that this intertidal species can potentially persist in shallow subtidal areas following transplantation with shoots and seeds. The findings may also serve as useful information for local seagrass distribution limits, and will facilitate their habitat establishment and restoration efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Yi Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Matthew P Adams
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4000, Queensland, Australia; School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaochun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pengmei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xujia Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shidong Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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12
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Chen S, Qiu G. Heat-stress induced expression of stress-inducible nucleotide exchange factor Fes1 in seagrass Zostera japonica. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:932-940. [PMID: 32162033 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02185-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Seagrass meadows are among the four most productive marine natural ecosystems in the world. Zostera japonica (Z. japonica) is the most widely distributed species of seagrass in China. Nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs) promote the release of ADP during heat stress, accelerating the rate-limiting step of Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). Although NEFs play an important role in abiotic stress tolerance of plants, NEFs in seagrass have not been studied. In this study, we cloned Fes1 from Z. japonica (ZjFes1) by rapid amplification of the cDNA ends using RACE, and full length ZjFes1 was 1171 bp. It contained an 81 bp 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR), 109 bp 3'-UTR and 981 bp open reading frame (ORF). The ORF (ZjFes1) was predicted to encode a polypeptide of 326 amino acids with theoretical molecular weight (MW) of 36.10 kDa and pI of 5.22. ZjFes1 shared 89% amino acid identity with Fes1 from Zostera marina (Z. marina). The transcriptional levels of ZjFes1 increased significantly 1 h after heat treatment. ZjFes1 was localized to the cytoplasm. Taken together, we found that ZjFes1 was a stress-inducible gene that may be involved in heat stress response. This study lays the foundation for further studies on the role of ZjFes1 in heat resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siting Chen
- Guangxi Key Lab of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Beihai, 536007, Guangxi, China.
| | - Guanglong Qiu
- Guangxi Key Lab of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Beihai, 536007, Guangxi, China
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13
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Xiao M, Hamilton DP, O'Brien KR, Adams MP, Willis A, Burford MA. Are laboratory growth rate experiments relevant to explaining bloom-forming cyanobacteria distributions at global scale? HARMFUL ALGAE 2020; 92:101732. [PMID: 32113600 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2019.101732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Predicting algal population dynamics using models informed by experimental data has been used as a strategy to inform the management and control of harmful cyanobacterial blooms. We selected toxic bloom-forming species Microcystis spp. and Raphidiopsis raciborskii (basionym Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii) for further examination as they dominate in 78 % and 17 %, respectively, of freshwater cyanobacterial blooms (cyanoHABs) reported globally over the past 30 years. Field measurements of cyanoHABs are typically based on biomass accumulation, but laboratory experiments typically measure growth rates, which are an important variable in cyanoHAB models. Our objective was to determine the usefulness of laboratory studies of these cyanoHAB growth rates for simulating the species dominance at a global scale. We synthesized growth responses of M. aeruginosa and R. raciborskii from 20 and 16 culture studies, respectively, to predict growth rates as a function of two environmental variables, light and temperature. Predicted growth rates of R. raciborskii exceeded those of M. aeruginosa at temperatures ≳ 25 °C and light intensities ≳ 150 μmol photons m-2 s-1. Field observations of biomass accumulation, however, show that M. aeruginosa dominates over R. raciborskii, irrespective of climatic zones. The mismatch between biomass accumulation measured in the field, and what is predicted from growth rate measured in the laboratory, hinders effective use of culture studies to predict formation of cyanoHABs in the natural environment. The usefulness of growth rates measured may therefore be limited, and field experiments should instead be designed to examine key physiological attributes such as colony formation, buoyancy regulation and photoadaptation. Improving prediction of cyanoHABs in a changing climate requires a more effective integration of field and laboratory approaches, and an explicit consideration of strain-level variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Xiao
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia; School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia.
| | - David P Hamilton
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
| | - Katherine R O'Brien
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Matthew P Adams
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Anusuya Willis
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia; Australian National Algae Culture Collection, CSIRO, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Michele A Burford
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia; School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
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14
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Rezende EL, Bozinovic F. Thermal performance across levels of biological organization. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20180549. [PMID: 31203764 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal performance curves are widely used to describe how ambient temperature impacts different attributes of ectothermic organisms, from protein function to life-history traits, and to predict the potential effects of global warming on ecological systems. Nonetheless, from an analytical standpoint, they remain primarily heuristic and few attempts have been made to develop a formal framework to characterize these curves and disentangle which factors contribute to their variation. Here we employ a nonlinear regression approach to assess if they vary systematically in shape depending on the performance proxy of choice. We compare curves at contrasting levels of organization, namely photosynthetic rates in plants ( n = 43), running speeds in lizards ( n = 51) and intrinsic rates of population increase in insects ( n = 47), and show with discriminant analyses that differences lie in a single dimension accounting for 99.1% of the variation, resulting in 75.8% of classification accuracy. Differences revolve primarily around the thermal range for elevated performance (greater than or equal to 50% of maximum performance), which is broader for photosynthetic rates (median of 26.4°C), intermediate for running speeds (19.5°C) and narrower for intrinsic rates of increase (12.5°C). We contend, confounding taxonomic factors aside, that these differences reflect contrasting levels of biological organization, and hypothesize that the thermal range for elevated performance should decrease at higher organization levels. In this scenario, instantaneous or short-term measures of performance may grossly overestimate the thermal safety margins for population growth and reproduction. Taken together, our analyses suggest that descriptors of the curve are highly correlated and respond in tandem, potentially resulting in systematic variation in shape across organization levels. Future studies should take into consideration this potential bias, address if it constitutes a general pattern and, if so, explain why and how it emerges. This article is part of the theme issue 'Physiological diversity, biodiversity patterns and global climate change: testing key hypotheses involving temperature and oxygen'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico L Rezende
- Departamento de Ecología, Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago 6513677 , Chile
| | - Francisco Bozinovic
- Departamento de Ecología, Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago 6513677 , Chile
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15
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Egea LG, Jiménez–Ramos R, Hernández I, Brun FG. Effect of In Situ short-term temperature increase on carbon metabolism and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) fluxes in a community dominated by the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210386. [PMID: 30640926 PMCID: PMC6331083 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Seagrasses form one of the most productive and threatened ecosystems worldwide because of global change and anthropogenic pressures. The frequency of extreme climatic events, such as heat waves, are expected to increase and may drive even more adverse effects than gradual warming. This study explores for the first time the effects of a sudden and temporary increase of temperature in situ on carbon metabolism and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) fluxes in a community dominated by a seagrass (Cymodocea nodosa) during two contrasting seasons (winter and summer). Results showed a positive correlation between temperature and seagrass production between seasons, while the experimental sudden and temporary increase in water temperature did not produce significant differences in carbon community metabolism and DOC fluxes in winter. In contrast, high temperature conditions in summer enhanced significantly the net community production and affected positively to DOC fluxes. Hence, this study indicates that a sudden and temporary increase in water temperature, which characterize marine heat waves, in temperate areas may enhance the autotrophic metabolism of seagrass communities and can yield an increase in the DOC released, in contrast to previous researches suggesting solely negative effects on seagrasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G. Egea
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Rocío Jiménez–Ramos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
| | - Ignacio Hernández
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
| | - Fernando G. Brun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
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16
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O'Brien KR, Waycott M, Maxwell P, Kendrick GA, Udy JW, Ferguson AJP, Kilminster K, Scanes P, McKenzie LJ, McMahon K, Adams MP, Samper-Villarreal J, Collier C, Lyons M, Mumby PJ, Radke L, Christianen MJA, Dennison WC. Seagrass ecosystem trajectory depends on the relative timescales of resistance, recovery and disturbance. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 134:166-176. [PMID: 28935363 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Seagrass ecosystems are inherently dynamic, responding to environmental change across a range of scales. Habitat requirements of seagrass are well defined, but less is known about their ability to resist disturbance. Specific means of recovery after loss are particularly difficult to quantify. Here we assess the resistance and recovery capacity of 12 seagrass genera. We document four classic trajectories of degradation and recovery for seagrass ecosystems, illustrated with examples from around the world. Recovery can be rapid once conditions improve, but seagrass absence at landscape scales may persist for many decades, perpetuated by feedbacks and/or lack of seed or plant propagules to initiate recovery. It can be difficult to distinguish between slow recovery, recalcitrant degradation, and the need for a window of opportunity to trigger recovery. We propose a framework synthesizing how the spatial and temporal scales of both disturbance and seagrass response affect ecosystem trajectory and hence resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R O'Brien
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Michelle Waycott
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; State Herbarium of South Australia, Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, GPO Box 1047, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Paul Maxwell
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia; Healthy Land and Water, PO Box 13204, George St, Brisbane 4003, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gary A Kendrick
- The Oceans Institute (M470), The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - James W Udy
- Healthy Land and Water, PO Box 13204, George St, Brisbane 4003, Queensland, Australia; School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, P.O. Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Angus J P Ferguson
- NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, PO Box A290, Sydney South, NSW 1232, Australia
| | - Kieryn Kilminster
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; Department of Water and Environmental Regulation, Locked Bag 33, Cloisters Square, Perth, WA 6842, Australia
| | - Peter Scanes
- NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, PO Box A290, Sydney South, NSW 1232, Australia
| | - Len J McKenzie
- Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research (TropWATER), James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
| | - Kathryn McMahon
- School of Sciences, Edith Cowan University, WA, 6027, Australia; Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Matthew P Adams
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jimena Samper-Villarreal
- Marine Spatial Ecology Lab, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Catherine Collier
- Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research (TropWATER), James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
| | - Mitchell Lyons
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, 2052 NSW, Australia
| | - Peter J Mumby
- Marine Spatial Ecology Lab, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Lynda Radke
- Coastal, Marine and Climate Change Group, Geoscience Australia, GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Marjolijn J A Christianen
- Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, P.O. Box 11103, 9700, CC, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - William C Dennison
- University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Cambridge, MD 21613, USA
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17
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Collier CJ, Langlois L, Ow Y, Johansson C, Giammusso M, Adams MP, O'Brien KR, Uthicke S. Losing a winner: thermal stress and local pressures outweigh the positive effects of ocean acidification for tropical seagrasses. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 219:1005-1017. [PMID: 29855044 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Seagrasses are globally important coastal habitat-forming species, yet it is unknown how seagrasses respond to the combined pressures of ocean acidification and warming of sea surface temperature. We exposed three tropical species of seagrass (Cymodocea serrulata, Halodule uninervis, and Zostera muelleri) to increasing temperature (21, 25, 30, and 35°C) and pCO2 (401, 1014, and 1949 μatm) for 7 wk in mesocosms using a controlled factorial design. Shoot density and leaf extension rates were recorded, and plant productivity and respiration were measured at increasing light levels (photosynthesis-irradiance curves) using oxygen optodes. Shoot density, growth, photosynthetic rates, and plant-scale net productivity occurred at 25°C or 30°C under saturating light levels. High pCO2 enhanced maximum net productivity for Z. muelleri, but not in other species. Z. muelleri was the most thermally tolerant as it maintained positive net production to 35°C, yet for the other species there was a sharp decline in productivity, growth, and shoot density at 35°C, which was exacerbated by pCO2 . These results suggest that thermal stress will not be offset by ocean acidification during future extreme heat events and challenges the current hypothesis that tropical seagrass will be a 'winner' under future climate change conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J Collier
- Centre for Tropical Water & Aquatic Ecosystem Research (TropWATER), James Cook University, Cairns, Qld, 4870, Australia
| | - Lucas Langlois
- Centre for Tropical Water & Aquatic Ecosystem Research (TropWATER), James Cook University, Cairns, Qld, 4870, Australia
| | - Yan Ow
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No. 3, Townsville, 4810, Qld, Australia
- Experimental Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Charlotte Johansson
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No. 3, Townsville, 4810, Qld, Australia
| | - Manuela Giammusso
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No. 3, Townsville, 4810, Qld, Australia
| | - Matthew P Adams
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Qld, Australia
| | - Katherine R O'Brien
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Qld, Australia
| | - Sven Uthicke
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No. 3, Townsville, 4810, Qld, Australia
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18
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Barria AM, Bacigalupe LD, Lagos NA, Lardies MA. Thermal physiological traits and plasticity of metabolism are sensitive to biogeographic breaks in a rock-pool marine shrimp. J Exp Biol 2018; 221:jeb.181008. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.181008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Populations of broadly distributed species commonly exhibit latitudinal variation in thermal tolerance and physiological plasticity. This variation can be interrupted when biogeographic breaks occur across the range of a species, which are known to affect patterns of community structure, abundance, and recruitment dynamics. Coastal biogeographic breaks often impose abrupt changes in environmental characteristics driven by oceanographic processes and can affect the physiological responses of populations inhabiting these areas. Here we examined thermal limits, performances for heart rate and plasticity for metabolic rate of the intertidal shrimp Betaeus emarginatus from seven populations along its latitudinal range (∼ 3000 km). The distribution of this species encompass two breaks at the southeastern Pacific coast of Chile: the northern break is characterized by sharp discontinuities in upwelling regimes, and the southern break, constitutes a major discontinuity in water conditions (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and nutrients), coastline topography, and divergence of main oceanographic currents. For B. emarginatus, we found higher plasticity of metabolism in the sites sampled at the biogeographic breaks, and at the site subjected to seasonal upwelling. The variation of metabolic rate was not consistent with increasing latitude and it was not affected by breaks. The lower and upper thermal limits were lower in populations around breaks, although the optimum temperature decreased towards higher latitudes. Overall, while thermal limits and plasticity of metabolism are related to biogeographic breaks, metabolic rate is not related with increasing latitude or the presence of breaks in the sampled range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aura M. Barria
- Departamento de Ciencias, Facultad de Artes Liberales, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolen, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonardo D. Bacigalupe
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Nelson A. Lagos
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Ejército 146, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco A. Lardies
- Departamento de Ciencias, Facultad de Artes Liberales, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolen, Santiago, Chile
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Combined effects of temperature and the herbicide diuron on Photosystem II activity of the tropical seagrass Halophila ovalis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45404. [PMID: 28358396 PMCID: PMC5372466 DOI: 10.1038/srep45404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical seagrasses are at their highest risk of exposure to photosystem II (PSII) herbicides when elevated rainfall and runoff from farms transports these toxicants into coastal habitats during summer, coinciding with periods of elevated temperature. PSII herbicides, such as diuron, can increase the sensitivity of corals to thermal stress, but little is known of the potential for herbicides to impact the thermal optima of tropical seagrass. Here we employed a well-plate approach to experimentally assess the effects of diuron on the photosynthetic performance of Halophila ovalis leaves across a 25 °C temperature range (36 combinations of these stressors across 15–40 °C). The thermal optimum for photosynthetic efficiency (▵) in H. ovalis was 31 °C while lower and higher temperatures reduced ▵ as did all elevated concentrations of diuron. There were significant interactions between the effects of temperature and diuron, with a majority of the combined stresses causing sub-additive (antagonistic) effects. However, both stressors caused negative responses and the sum of the responses was greater than that caused by temperature or diuron alone. These results indicate that improving water quality (reducing herbicide in runoff) is likely to maximise seagrass health during extreme temperature events that will become more common as the climate changes.
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Collier CJ, Ow YX, Langlois L, Uthicke S, Johansson CL, O'Brien KR, Hrebien V, Adams MP. Optimum Temperatures for Net Primary Productivity of Three Tropical Seagrass Species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1446. [PMID: 28878790 PMCID: PMC5572403 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Rising sea water temperature will play a significant role in responses of the world's seagrass meadows to climate change. In this study, we investigated seasonal and latitudinal variation (spanning more than 1,500 km) in seagrass productivity, and the optimum temperatures at which maximum photosynthesis and net productivity (for the leaf and the whole plant) occurs, for three seagrass species (Cymodocea serrulata, Halodule uninervis, and Zostera muelleri). To obtain whole plant net production, photosynthesis, and respiration rates of leaves and the root/rhizome complex were measured using oxygen-sensitive optodes in closed incubation chambers at temperatures ranging from 15 to 43°C. The temperature-dependence of photosynthesis and respiration was fitted to empirical models to obtain maximum metabolic rates and thermal optima. The thermal optimum (Topt) for gross photosynthesis of Z. muelleri, which is more commonly distributed in sub-tropical to temperate regions, was 31°C. The Topt for photosynthesis of the tropical species, H. uninervis and C. serrulata, was considerably higher (35°C on average). This suggests that seagrass species are adapted to water temperature within their distributional range; however, when comparing among latitudes and seasons, thermal optima within a species showed limited acclimation to ambient water temperature (Topt varied by 1°C in C. serrulata and 2°C in H. uninervis, and the variation did not follow changes in ambient water temperature). The Topt for gross photosynthesis were higher than Topt calculated from plant net productivity, which includes above- and below-ground respiration for Z. muelleri (24°C) and H. uninervis (33°C), but remained unchanged at 35°C in C. serrulata. Both estimated plant net productivity and Topt are sensitive to the proportion of below-ground biomass, highlighting the need for consideration of below- to above-ground biomass ratios when applying thermal optima to other meadows. The thermal optimum for plant net productivity was lower than ambient summer water temperature in Z. muelleri, indicating likely contemporary heat stress. In contrast, thermal optima of H. uninervis and C. serrulata exceeded ambient water temperature. This study found limited capacity to acclimate: thus the thermal optima can forewarn of both the present and future vulnerability to ocean warming during periods of elevated water temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J. Collier
- Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research, James Cook University CairnsCairns, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Catherine J. Collier
| | - Yan X. Ow
- Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research, James Cook University CairnsCairns, QLD, Australia
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University TownsvilleTownsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine ScienceTownsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Lucas Langlois
- Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research, James Cook University CairnsCairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Sven Uthicke
- Australian Institute of Marine ScienceTownsville, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Katherine R. O'Brien
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of QueenslandBrisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Victoria Hrebien
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University TownsvilleTownsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Matthew P. Adams
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of QueenslandBrisbane, QLD, Australia
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