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Chen J, Ji H, Luo J, Zhang D, Liu S. Two novel angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibiting peptides from tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) skin and their molecular docking mechanism. J Food Sci 2024; 89:3603-3617. [PMID: 38638071 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
In the study, papain was used to hydrolyze tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) skin to obtain a tilapia skin hydrolysate (TSH) with dual angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory activities. The resulting TSH was sequentially fractionated by ultrafiltration, size exclusion separation chromatography, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Its inhibitory effects on ACE and DPP-IV were determined by commercial reagent kits. Two peptides purified from TSH were identified as Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Ala-Leu (GPLGAL) and Lys-Pro-Ala-Gly-Asn (KPAGN) by the ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Inhibitory concentration (IC50) of GPLGAL on ACE and DPP-IV were 117.20 ± 1.69 and 187.10 ± 2.75 µM, respectively. IC50 of KPAGN on ACE and DPP-IV were 137.40 ± 2.33 and 259.20 ± 2.85 µM, respectively. The molecular simulation demonstrated that the binding affinities of GPLGAL to ACE and DPP-IV proteins were -8.5 and -7.4 kcal/mol, respectively, whereas those of KPAGN to ACE and DPP-IV proteins were -7.9 and -6.7 kcal/mol, respectively. GPLGAL interacted with 21 amino acid residues of the ACE active site, whereas KPAGN engaged with 19 amino acid residues. Additionally, GPLGAL interacted with 10 amino acid residues of the DPP-IV active site, whereas KPAGN engaged with 13 amino acid residues. The two peptides predominantly occupied the active sites of ACE (His513, Tyr523, and Ala354) and DPP-IV (Tyr662 and Arg125) through hydrogen bonding. This leads to the deactivation of ACE and DPP-IV. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Accelerate tilapia skin development and high-value utilization; provide foundation for preparing the peptides with dual ACE and DPP-IV inhibiting activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
| | - Hongwu Ji
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of seafood, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Jing Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
| | - Shucheng Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of seafood, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
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Jiang S, Uddin MJ, Yu X, Piao L, Dorotea D, Oh GT, Ha H. Peroxisomal Fitness: A Potential Protective Mechanism of Fenofibrate against High Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice. Diabetes Metab J 2022; 46:829-842. [PMID: 35746892 PMCID: PMC9723204 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2021.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been increasing in association with the epidemic of obesity and diabetes. Peroxisomes are single membrane-enclosed organelles that play a role in the metabolism of lipid and reactive oxygen species. The present study examined the role of peroxisomes in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD using fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) agonist. METHODS Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a normal diet or HFD for 12 weeks, and fenofibrate (50 mg/kg/day) was orally administered along with the initiation of HFD. RESULTS HFD-induced liver injury as measured by increased alanine aminotransferase, inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid accumulation was effectively prevented by fenofibrate. Fenofibrate significantly increased the expression of peroxisomal genes and proteins involved in peroxisomal biogenesis and function. HFD-induced attenuation of peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation was also significantly restored by fenofibrate, demonstrating the functional significance of peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation. In Ppara deficient mice, fenofibrate failed to maintain peroxisomal biogenesis and function in HFD-induced liver injury. CONCLUSION The present data highlight the importance of PPARα-mediated peroxisomal fitness in the protective effect of fenofibrate against NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songling Jiang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xiaoying Yu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Lingjuan Piao
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Debra Dorotea
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hunjoo Ha
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
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Zhong X, Gu J, Zhang S, Chen X, Zhang J, Miao J, Ding Z, Xu J, Cheng H. Dynamic transcriptome analysis of the muscles in high-fat diet-induced obese zebrafish (Danio rerio) under 5-HT treatment. Gene 2022; 819:146265. [PMID: 35121026 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, also called serotonin) is reportedly a potential therapeutic target in obesity-related metabolic diseases due to its regulatory role in energy homeostasis in mammals. However, information on the detailed effect of peripheral 5-HT on the energy metabolism in fishes, especially the lipid metabolism, and the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, a diet-induced obesity model was developed in the zebrafish (Danio rerio), a prototypical animal model for metabolic disorders. The zebrafish were fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks and were simultaneously injected with PBS, 0.1 mM and 10 mM 5-HT, intraperitoneally. The body weight was significantly lower in the zebrafish injected with 0.1 mM 5-HT (P < 0.05), however, there was no change in body length (P > 0.05) at the end of the 8-week treatment. The muscle tissues from the zebrafish treated with PBS and 5-HT were collected for transcriptomic analysis and the RNA-seq revealed 1134, 3713, and 2535 genes were screened out compared to the muscular DEGs among three groups. The enrichment analysis revealed DEGs to be significantly associated with multiple metabolic pathways, including ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation, proteasome, PPAR signaling pathway, and ferroptosis. Additionally, the qRT-PCR validated 12 DEGs out of which 10 genes exhibited consistent trends. Taken together, this data provided useful information on the transcriptional characteristics of the muscle tissue in the obese zebrafish exposed to 5-HT, offering important insights into the regulatory effect of peripheral 5-HT in teleosts, as well as novel approaches for preventing and treating obesity-related metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqi Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jiaze Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Siying Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xiangning Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jintao Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Zhujin Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jianhe Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Hanliang Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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Wang JX, Rahimnejad S, Zhang YY, Ren J, Wang J, Qiao F, Zhang ML, Du ZY. Mildronate triggers growth suppression and lipid accumulation in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) through disturbing lipid metabolism. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:145-159. [PMID: 35034221 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-01040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many metabolic diseases in fish are often associated with lowered mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO). However, the physiological role of mitochondrial FAO in lipid metabolism has not been verified in many carnivorous fish species, for example in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmonids). In the present study, a specific mitochondrial FAO inhibitor, mildronate (MD), was used to investigate the effects of impaired mitochondrial FAO on growth performance, health status, and lipid metabolism of largemouth bass. The results showed that the dietary MD treatment significantly suppressed growth performance and caused heavy lipid accumulation, especially neutral lipid, in the liver. The MD-treated fish exhibited lower monounsaturated fatty acid and higher long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the muscle. The MD treatment downregulated the gene expressions in lipolysis and lipogenesis, as well as the expressions of the genes and some key proteins in FAO without enhancing peroxisomal FAO. Additionally, the MD-treated fish had lower serum aspartate aminotransferase activity and lower pro-inflammation- and apoptosis-related genes in the liver. Taken together, MD treatment markedly induced lipid accumulation via depressing lipid catabolism. Our findings reveal the pivotal roles of mitochondrial FAO in maintaining health and lipid homeostasis in largemouth bass and could be hopeful in understanding metabolic diseases in farmed carnivorous fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xian Wang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Samad Rahimnejad
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Yan-Yu Zhang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jie Wang
- HANOVE Research Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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Tahri-Joutey M, Andreoletti P, Surapureddi S, Nasser B, Cherkaoui-Malki M, Latruffe N. Mechanisms Mediating the Regulation of Peroxisomal Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation by PPARα. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168969. [PMID: 34445672 PMCID: PMC8396561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammalian cells, two cellular organelles, mitochondria and peroxisomes, share the ability to degrade fatty acid chains. Although each organelle harbors its own fatty acid β-oxidation pathway, a distinct mitochondrial system feeds the oxidative phosphorylation pathway for ATP synthesis. At the same time, the peroxisomal β-oxidation pathway participates in cellular thermogenesis. A scientific milestone in 1965 helped discover the hepatomegaly effect in rat liver by clofibrate, subsequently identified as a peroxisome proliferator in rodents and an activator of the peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation pathway. These peroxisome proliferators were later identified as activating ligands of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α (PPARα), cloned in 1990. The ligand-activated heterodimer PPARα/RXRα recognizes a DNA sequence, called PPRE (Peroxisome Proliferator Response Element), corresponding to two half-consensus hexanucleotide motifs, AGGTCA, separated by one nucleotide. Accordingly, the assembled complex containing PPRE/PPARα/RXRα/ligands/Coregulators controls the expression of the genes involved in liver peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation. This review mobilizes a considerable number of findings that discuss miscellaneous axes, covering the detailed expression pattern of PPARα in species and tissues, the lessons from several PPARα KO mouse models and the modulation of PPARα function by dietary micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounia Tahri-Joutey
- Bio-PeroxIL Laboratory, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (M.T.-J.); (P.A.); (M.C.-M.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences & Techniques, University Hassan I, BP 577, 26000 Settat, Morocco;
| | - Pierre Andreoletti
- Bio-PeroxIL Laboratory, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (M.T.-J.); (P.A.); (M.C.-M.)
| | - Sailesh Surapureddi
- Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA;
| | - Boubker Nasser
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences & Techniques, University Hassan I, BP 577, 26000 Settat, Morocco;
| | - Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki
- Bio-PeroxIL Laboratory, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (M.T.-J.); (P.A.); (M.C.-M.)
| | - Norbert Latruffe
- Bio-PeroxIL Laboratory, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (M.T.-J.); (P.A.); (M.C.-M.)
- Correspondence:
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Yu K, Huang K, Tang Z, Huang X, Sun L, Pang L, Mo C. Metabolism and antioxidation regulation of total flavanones from Sedum sarmentosum Bunge against high-fat diet-induced fatty liver disease in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1149-1164. [PMID: 34142329 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00964-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Diet-induced fatty liver is a considerable threaten to fish aquaculture due to the popularity of the high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. Our study aims to investigate the effects of flavanones from Sedum sarmentosum Bunge (FSSB) on the liver function to identify a potential treatment for HFD-induced fatty liver disease. Physiological and pathological indicators were tested in the liver of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and results showed parameters including lipid metabolites, redox parameters, and inflammatory factors could be adequately restored to normal level by addition of 150 mg/kg FSSB to HFD. Proteomics analysis was performed in liver tissues from tilapia with normal diet (ND), HFD, and HFD+FSSB. Totally, 51 upregulated proteins and 77 downregulated proteins were identified in HFD groups and 67 proteins of them were restored after treated with FSSB. Bioinformatics analysis showed that differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in HFD+FSSB150 group compared with HFD group are mainly enriched in acety-CoA metabolic process, adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) biosynthetic process, lipid metabolic process, and phospholipid metabolic process. The dysregulated proteins were involved in peroxidosome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, fat digestion and absorption, and immune system. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay further revealed that the expression of GST, PPARα, PPARγ, and multiple-inflammatory cytokines could be also reversed in HFD group under the treatment of 150 mg/kg FSSB. Our findings demonstrated FSSB is efficient for the treatment of fatty liver disease through regulation of lipid metabolism and antioxidation in Nile tilapia, providing a new treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in fish aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Kai Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Zhanyang Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China.
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Xiuyun Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Linlin Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Linxing Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Cuiqin Mo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China
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7
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Luo Y, Hu CT, Qiao F, Wang XD, Qin JG, Du ZY, Chen LQ. Gemfibrozil improves lipid metabolism in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed a high-carbohydrate diet through peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α activation. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 296:113537. [PMID: 32540489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
High carbohydrate diet (HCD) can induce lipid metabolism disorder, characterized by excessive lipid in farmed fish. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α (PPARα) plays an important role in lipid homeostasis. In this study, we hypothesize that PPARα can improve lipid metabolism in fish fed HCD. Fish (3.03 ± 0.11 g) were fed with three diets: control (30% carbohydrate), HCD (45% carbohydrate) and HCG (HCD supplemented with 200 mg/kg gemfibrozil, an agonist of PPARα) for eight weeks. The fish fed HCG had higher growth rate and protein effiency than those fed the HCD diet, whereas the opposite trend was observed in feed conversion ratio, hepatosomatic index and mesenteric fat index. Additionally, fish fed HCG significantly decreased lipid accumulation in the whole body, liver and adipose tissues compared to those fed the HCD diet. Furthermore, fish in the HCG group significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression and protein dephosphorylation of PPARα. The HCG group also significantly increased the mRNA level of the downstream target genes of PPARα, whereas the opposite trend occured in the mRNA level of lipolysis-related genes compared to the HCD group. Besides, fish in the HCG group remarkably decreased the contents of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and malondialdehyde, whereas the opposite occured in the activities of antioxidative enzymes and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes compared to the HCD group. This study indicates that gemfibrozil can improve lipid metabolism and maintain high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity through activating PPARα in Nile tilapia fed a high carbohydrate diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Luo
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chun-Ting Hu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jian G Qin
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Li-Qiao Chen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China.
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8
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Hara S, Furukawa F, Mukai K, Yazawa T, Kitano T. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha is involved in the temperature-induced sex differentiation of a vertebrate. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11672. [PMID: 32669596 PMCID: PMC7363821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68594-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Medaka (Oryzias latipes) is a teleost fish with an XX/XY sex determination system, similar to that of mammals. However, under high temperature conditions, XX medaka is masculinised by elevation of cortisol, the major teleost glucocorticoid. In this study, to identify novel factors in the gonads acting downstream from cortisol during sexual differentiation, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis using the gonadal regions of larvae reared at normal temperature with and without cortisol, and at high temperature. The RNA-seq and real-time PCR analyses showed that expression of some peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) signalling-targeted genes was increased by cortisol. PPARα agonist treatment induced masculinisation of XX medaka in some cases, and co-treatment of the agonist with cortisol further induced masculinisation, whereas treatment of pparaa knockout medaka with cortisol or the agonist did not induce masculinisation. This study provides the first evidence that PPARα is involved in environmental sex determination in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Hara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Fumiya Furukawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Koki Mukai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Yazawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kitano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
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9
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Shi C, Lu Y, Zhai G, Huang J, Shang G, Lou Q, Li D, Jin X, He J, Du Z, Gui J, Yin Z. Hyperandrogenism in POMCa-deficient zebrafish enhances somatic growth without increasing adiposity. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 12:291-304. [PMID: 31237951 PMCID: PMC7232124 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocrine regulatory roles of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis on anxiety-like behavior and metabolic status have been found throughout animal taxa. However, the precise effects of the balancing adrenal corticosteroid biosynthesis under the influence of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), a pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptide, on animal energy expenditure and somatic growth remain unknown. POMC has also been identified as one of the candidate loci for polycystic ovary syndrome, which features hyperandrogenism and some prevalence of obesity in patients. Here we show that zebrafish lacking functional POMCa exhibit similar phenotypes of stress response and body weight gain but not obesity as observed in mammalian models. In contrast with the impaired anorexigenic signaling cascade of melanocyte-stimulating hormones and leptin, which are responsible for their obesity-prone weight gain observed in various pomc mutant mammals, analyses with our pomca mutant series indicate that ACTH is the key regulator for the phenotype with enhanced somatic growth without obesity in pomca-deficient zebrafish. Hypocortisolism associated with hyperandrogenism has been observed in the pomca-deficient zebrafish, with enhanced activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1; reutilization of amino acids and fatty acid β-oxidation are observed in the muscle tissue of the pomca-deficient fish. After reducing hyperandrogenism by crossing our pomca mutant fish with a cyp17a1-deficient background, the phenotype of enhanced somatic growth in pomca-deficient fish was no longer observed. Thus, our work also demonstrated that the role of POMCa in stress response seems to be conserved in vertebrates, whereas its effect on adipostasis is unique to teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gang Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jianfei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guohui Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiyong Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Dongliang Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xia Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jiangyan He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhenyu Du
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jianfang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China
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10
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Zhang YX, Jiang ZY, Han SL, Li LY, Qiao F, Zhang ML, Du ZY. Inhibition of intestinal lipases alleviates the adverse effects caused by high-fat diet in Nile tilapia. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:111-123. [PMID: 31520202 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal lipases are fat-digesting enzymes, which play vital roles in lipid absorption in the intestine. To study the regulation of intestinal lipase activity in systemic lipid metabolism in fish, especially in the metabolic diseases caused by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, we inhibited intestinal lipases in Nile tilapia to investigate the physiological consequences. In the present study, Nile tilapia were firstly fed with HFD (12% fat) for 6 weeks to establish a fatty fish model. Afterwards, Orlistat as a potent intestinal lipase inhibitor was added into the HFD for the following 5-week feeding trial, with two dietary doses (Orlistat16 group, 16 mg/kg body weight; Orlistat32 group, 32 mg/kg body weight). After the trial, both doses of Orlistat treatment significantly reduced intestinal lipase activity, fat absorption, hepatic lipid accumulation, and gene expression of lipogenesis, whereas increased gene expression of lipid catabolism. Moreover, intestinal lipase inhibition increased immune enzyme activities, antioxidant capacity, and gene expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, whereas lowered gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Besides, Orlistat could also improve the structure of the intestine and increase expression of intestinal tight-coupling protein. Taken together, intestinal lipase inhibition alleviated the adverse effects caused by HFD in Nile tilapia. Thus, intestinal lipases played key roles in absorbing dietary lipid and could be a promising target in regulating systemic lipid metabolism in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xue Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe-Yue Jiang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Lan Han
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yu Li
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Qiao
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Han SL, Wang J, Zhang YX, Qiao F, Chen LQ, Zhang ML, Du ZY. Inhibited autophagy impairs systemic nutrient metabolism in Nile tilapia. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 236:110521. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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The metabolic regulation of fenofibrate is dependent on dietary protein content in male juveniles of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Br J Nutr 2019; 122:648-656. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519001594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe fenofibrate functions in mammals could be affected by many factors such as dietary nutrient levels and physiological status. However, this phenomenon has not been well studied in fish. The goal of our study was to investigate the effect of dietary protein contents on metabolic regulation of fenofibrate in Nile tilapia. An 8-week experiment was conducted to feed fish with four diets at two protein levels (28 and 38 %) with or without the supplementation of fenofibrate (200 mg/kg body weight per d). After the trial, the body morphometric parameters, plasma biochemical parameters and quantitative PCR data were examined. These results showed that fenofibrate significantly reduced the feeding intake and weight gain rate, increased the oxidative stress (increased plasma methane dicarboxylic aldehyde) and liver : body ratio (increased hepatosomatic index) in the low protein (LP)-fed fish. In contrast, fenofibrate exhibited a lipid-lowering (reduced hepatic lipid) effect and up-regulated the expressions of the genes related to lipid catabolism, transport and anabolic metabolism in the high protein (HP)-fed fish. The present study suggested that lipid-lowering effect of fenofibrate would be strengthened in the fish fed with the HP diet containing high energy, but in the fish fed with the LP diet containing low energy, the fenofibrate treatment would cause adverse effects for metabolism. Taking together, our study showed that the metabolic regulation of fenofibrate in Nile tilapia was dependent not only on feed energy content but also on dietary nutrient composition, such as dietary protein and/or lipid levels.
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13
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Sun J, Huang X, Ji S, Ji H. Two faces of PPARα/NFκB signaling pathway in inflammatory responses to adipocytes lipolysis in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 90:244-249. [PMID: 31029776 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue plays an important role in energy reservation, also be considered as vital immunological organ in animals. Adipocytes are the basic unit of adipose tissue, while little is known about the relationship between lipid metabolism and inflammatory response in fish adipocytes so far. In this study, forskolin was used to induce adipocyte lipolysis, and 5 μM forskolin and 30 μM forskolin both triggered lipolysis by increasing ATGL expression. Consequently, 30 μM Forskolin instead of 5 μM Forskolin induced the expression of NF-κB and its target pro-inflammatory cytokine genes including MCP-1, IL-6 and TNF-α. Further study found that low grade rate of lipolysis activated PPARα gene, and its inhibitory effect on the mRNA expression of NF-κB and its target genes inhibited the adipocyte inflammation. On the contrary, high grade rate of lipolysis increased the expression levels of NF-κB and its target genes, while their expression were attenuated by inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using α-tocopherol, suggesting that ROS generated due to the PPARα-mediated oxidation of released fatty acids from lipolysis may contribute to adipocyte inflammation. These results indicated that PPARα has dose effect in inflammatory responses to adipocyte lipolysis in grass carp. Taken together, grass carp adipocytes have immune activity. The inflammatory response is linked to the grade rate of adipocyte lipolysis in grass carp adipocytes, and excessive adipocyte lipolysis may promote a dynamic immune response in adipose tissue. This is the first study showing the regulatory effects of lipolysis on immune functions in fish adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - XiaoCheng Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - ShangHong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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14
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Li DL, Huang YJ, Gao S, Chen LQ, Zhang ML, Du ZY. Sex-specific alterations of lipid metabolism in zebrafish exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:768-777. [PMID: 30684774 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) mixtures exerting environmental health risk. In mammals, PCBs have been shown to disrupt metabolic state, especially lipid metabolism, and energy balance, but their effects on lipid metabolism in fish are largely unknown. The zebrafish were selected as model and both male and female adult zebrafish were exposed to different concentrations of PCBs at gradient concentrations of 0.2, 2.0 and 20.0 μg/L for 6 weeks. PCB exposure did not affect survival, but a significant inhibition of growth was observed in the males after exposure to 20.0 μg/L. The lower concentrations of 0.2 and 2.0 μg/L increased hepatic lipid accumulation to a greater extent in male fish, but the higher concentration of 20.0 μg/L did not cause significant fat accumulation in either male or female fish. In males, the expression of genes related to lipogenesis and lipid catabolism was upregulated in a concentration-dependent manner in the liver and visceral mass without liver and gonad; the effects of exposure on lipid metabolism-related genes in female fish were less pronounced. PCB exposure did not induce significant oxidative stress, but did upregulate the expression of stress- and apoptosis-related genes, mostly in male fish. The low concentrations of PCBs (0.2 μg/L and 2.0 μg/L) exerted sex-specific effects on zebrafish lipid metabolism, and male fish were more sensitive to the exposure. This study provides new mechanistic insights into the complex interactions between PCBs, lipid metabolism, and sex in zebrafish, and may contribute to a future systematic assessment of the effects of PCBs on aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Liang Li
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yu-Juan Huang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Li-Qiao Chen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China.
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15
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Forskolin reduces fat accumulation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through stimulating lipolysis and beta-oxidation. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 230:7-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Hua H, Yang J, Lin H, Xi Y, Dai M, Xu G, Wang F, Liu L, Zhao T, Huang J, Gonzalez FJ, Liu A. PPARα-independent action against metabolic syndrome development by fibrates is mediated by inhibition of STAT3 signalling. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 70:1630-1642. [PMID: 30251457 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome (MS) is the concurrence of at least three of five medical conditions: obesity, high blood pressure, insulin resistance, high serum triglyceride (TG) and low serum high-density lipoprotein levels. While fibrates are used to treat disorders other than the lowering serum TG, the mechanism by which fibrates decrease MS has not been established. METHODS In this study, wild-type and Ppara-null mice fed a medium-fat diet (MFD) were administered gemfibrozil and fenofibrate for 3 months respectively, to explore the effect and action mechanism. KEY FINDINGS In Ppara-null mice, MFD treatment increased body weight, adipose tissue, serum TG and impaired glucose tolerance. These phenotypes were attenuated in two groups treated with gemfibrozil and fenofibrate. The STAT3 pathway was activated in adipose and hepatic tissues in positive control, and inhibited in groups treated with gemfibrozil and fenofibrate. The above phenotypes and inflammation were not observed in any wild-type group. In 3T3-L1 adipogenic stem cells treated with high glucose, STAT3 knockdown greatly decreased the number of lipid droplets. CONCLUSIONS Low dose of clinical fibrates was effective against MS development independent of PPARα, and this action was mediated by STAT3 signalling inhibition in adipose tissue and, to a lesser extent, in hepatic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Hua
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Julin Yang
- Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Hante Lin
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Xi
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Manyun Dai
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Gangming Xu
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fuyan Wang
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lihong Liu
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tingqi Zhao
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aiming Liu
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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17
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Yang BY, Zhai G, Gong YL, Su JZ, Peng XY, Shang GH, Han D, Jin JY, Liu HK, Du ZY, Yin Z, Xie SQ. Different physiological roles of insulin receptors in mediating nutrient metabolism in zebrafish. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E38-E51. [PMID: 29351486 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00227.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Insulin, the most potent anabolic hormone, is critical for somatic growth and metabolism in vertebrates. Type 2 diabetes, which is the primary cause of hyperglycemia, results from an inability of insulin to signal glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Our previous study showed that double knockout of insulin receptor a ( insra) and b ( insrb) caused β-cell hyperplasia and lethality from 5 to 16 days postfertilization (dpf) (Yang BY, Zhai G, Gong YL, Su JZ, Han D, Yin Z, Xie SQ. Sci Bull (Beijing) 62: 486-492, 2017). In this study, we characterized the physiological roles of Insra and Insrb, in somatic growth and fueling metabolism, respectively. A high-carbohydrate diet was provided for insulin receptor knockout zebrafish from 60 to 120 dpf to investigate phenotype inducement and amplification. We observed hyperglycemia in both insra-/- fish and insrb-/- fish. Impaired growth hormone signaling, increased visceral adiposity, and fatty liver were detected in insrb-/- fish, which are phenotypes similar to the lipodystrophy observed in mammals. More importantly, significantly diminished protein levels of P-PPARα, P-STAT5, and IGF-1 were also observed in insrb-/- fish. In insra-/- fish, we observed increased protein content and decreased lipid content of the whole body. Taken together, although Insra and Insrb show overlapping roles in mediating glucose metabolism through the insulin-signaling pathway, Insrb is more prone to promoting lipid catabolism and protein synthesis through activation of the growth hormone-signaling pathway, whereas Insra primarily acts to promote lipid synthesis via glucose utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Yuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Gang Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan , China
| | - Yu-Long Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Jing-Zhi Su
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Xu-Yan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Guo-Hui Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Dong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan , China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province , Wuhan , China
| | - Jun-Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan , China
| | - Hao-Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan , China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University , Shanghai , China
| | - Zhan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan , China
| | - Shou-Qi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan , China
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18
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Wang YW, Zhang JL, Jiao JG, Du XX, Limbu SM, Qiao F, Zhang ML, Li DL, Du ZY. Physiological and metabolic differences between visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 313:R608-R619. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00071.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) have different structures and metabolic functions and play different roles in the regulation of the mammal endocrine system. However, little is known about morphology and physiological and metabolic functions between VAT and SCAT in fish. We compared the morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of VAT and SCAT in Nile tilapia and measured their functions in energy intake flux, lipolytic ability, and gene expression patterns. SCAT contained more large adipocytes and nonadipocytes than VAT in Nile tilapia. VAT had higher lipid content and was the primary site for lipid deposition. Conversely, SCAT had higher hormone-induced lipolytic activity. Furthermore, SCAT had a higher percentage of monounsaturated and lower polyunsaturated fatty acids than VAT. SCAT had higher mitochondrial DNA, gene expression for fatty acid β-oxidation, adipogenesis, and brown adipose tissue characteristics, but it also had a lower gene expression for inflammation and adipocyte differentiation than VAT. SCAT and VAT have different morphological structures, as well as physiological and metabolic functions in fish. VAT is the preferable lipid deposition tissue, whereas SCAT exhibits higher lipid catabolic activity than VAT. The physiological functions of SCAT in fish are commonly overlooked. The present study indicates that SCAT has specific metabolic characteristics that differ from VAT. The differences between VAT and SCAT should be considered in future metabolism studies using fish as models, either in biomedical or aquaculture studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Jian-Gang Jiao
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Samwel Mchele Limbu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Fang Qiao
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Liang Li
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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