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Khokhar M, Roy D, Bajpai NK, Bohra GK, Yadav D, Sharma P, Purohit P. Metformin mediates MicroRNA-21 regulated circulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 in diabetic nephropathy: an in-silico and clinical study. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:1200-1210. [PMID: 34087084 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1922457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Metformin is commonly used as an oral hypoglycaemic agent in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MicroRNA-21 is widely studied in diabetic and diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) is involved in extracellular matrix degradation and tissue repair processes. However, the effect of metformin administration on hsa-miR-21-5p and MMP9 has not been evaluated in T2DM and DN patients. The study subjects were divided into three groups (Healthy controls = 36, T2DM = 38, DN = 35). Anthropometric measurements were taken and biochemical tests were carried out on fasting blood samples. Reverse transcriptase PCR was employed for whole blood gene expression analysis of hsa-miR-21-5p and MMP9. Bioinformatics analyses including drug-gene interaction, protein-protein interaction, functional enrichment analyses and co-expression networks were performed. In the present study, MMP9 and hsa-miR-21-5p levels were downregulated and upregulated respectively in T2DM and DN patients when compared with healthy controls. However, in metformin-treated group, a downregulation of hsa-miR-21-5p and upregulation of MMP9 was observed. In-silico analysis revealed the target genes involved in the miR-21 and MMP9 interaction network. Metformin directly targets miR-21 and regulates MMP9 expression in T2DM patients, influencing the pathogenesis of DN.HighlightsMMP-9 and hsa-miR-21-5p were downregulated and upregulated respectively in T2DM and DN patients in a Western Indian population.The patients treated with metformin showed downregulation of hsa-miR-21-5p and upregulation of MMP9.In-silico analysis revealed MMP-9 as well as PTEN to be targets of hsa-miR-21-5p.Metformin regulates MMP9 expression in T2DM and DN patient populations through hsa-miR-21-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Khokhar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005, India
| | - Dipayan Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005, India
| | - Nitin Kumar Bajpai
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005, India
| | - Gopal Krishna Bohra
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005, India
| | - Dharamveer Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005, India
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2
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Hussen BM, Saleem SJ, Abdullah SR, Mohamadtahr S, Hidayat HJ, Rasul MF, Taheri M, Kiani A. Current landscape of miRNAs and TGF-β signaling in lung cancer progression and therapeutic targets. Mol Cell Probes 2023; 72:101929. [PMID: 37683829 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2023.101929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the primary reason for cancer-associated fatalities globally. Due to both tumor-suppressing and tumor-promoting activities, the TGF-β family of growth factors is extremely essential to tumorigenesis. A non-coding single-stranded short RNA called microRNA (miRNA), which is made up of about 22 nt and is encoded by endogenous genes, can control normal and pathological pathways in various kinds of cancer, including LC. Recent research demonstrated that the TGF-β signaling directly can affect the synthesis of miRNAs through suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD)-dependent activity or other unidentified pathways, which could generate allostatic feedback as a result of TGF-β signaling stimulation and ultimately affect the destiny of cancer tissues. In this review, we emphasize the critical functions of miRNAs in lung cancer progression and, more critically, how they affect the TGF-β signaling pathway, and explore the role of both the TGF-β signaling pathway and miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets for improving the treatments of LC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 44001, Iraq
| | - Safeen Jasim Saleem
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Snur Rasool Abdullah
- Medical Laboratory Science, Lebanese French University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Sayran Mohamadtahr
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Fatih Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arda Kiani
- Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Lung Research and Developmental Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Alfaro I, Vega M, Romero C, Garrido MP. Mechanisms of Regulation of the Expression of miRNAs and lncRNAs by Metformin in Ovarian Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1515. [PMID: 38004379 PMCID: PMC10674581 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies. The use of biological compounds such as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is being considered as a therapeutic option to improve or complement current treatments since the deregulation of ncRNAs has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of OC. Old drugs with antitumoral properties have also been studied in the context of cancer, although their antitumor mechanisms are not fully clear. For instance, the antidiabetic drug metformin has shown pleiotropic effects in several in vitro models of cancer, including OC. Interestingly, metformin has been reported to regulate ncRNAs, which could explain its diverse effects on tumor cells. In this review, we discuss the mechanism of epigenetic regulation described for metformin, with a focus on the evidence of metformin-dependent microRNA (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) regulation in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Alfaro
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital University of Chile, Independencia 8380453, Chile
| | - Margarita Vega
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital University of Chile, Independencia 8380453, Chile
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Carmen Romero
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital University of Chile, Independencia 8380453, Chile
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Maritza P. Garrido
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital University of Chile, Independencia 8380453, Chile
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
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4
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Feng Y, Jia B, Shen Z. Metformin and bladder cancer: Drug repurposing as a potential tool for novel therapy: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31635. [PMID: 36397350 PMCID: PMC9666131 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a common type of cancer worldwide. Currently, the gold standard treatment is transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-Bt) accompanied by intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillation for patients with middle-to-high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, intravesical BCG therapy fails in almost 50% of high risk cases, leading to NMIBC persistence or early recurrence. In these patients, the gold standard remains radical cystectomy; however, it can seriously affect the patients' quality of life. Moreover, for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), the 5-year survival rate after radical cystectomy with neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains low. Recent discoveries have paved the way for a new era in BC treatment. Metformin is the most widely used oral hypoglycemic drug in clinical practice, being mostly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that metformin exerts a potentially positive effect on reducing the incidence and mortality of cancer; therefore, a increasing number of studies have investigated the potential anticancer effects of metformin and its mechanisms of action. This review aims to summarize the evidence for the role of metformin in bladder cancer therapy, including how metformin mediates bladder cancer cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhu Feng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Benzhong Jia
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China
- * Correspondence: Benzhong Jia, Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City 550004, Guizhou Province, China (e-mail: )
| | - Zhiyong Shen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China
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5
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Wang Z, Wu G, Yang Z, Li X, Feng Z, Zhao Y. Chitosan/Hyaluronic Acid/MicroRNA-21 Nanoparticle-Coated Smooth Titanium Surfaces Promote the Functionality of Human Gingival Fibroblasts. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:3793-3807. [PMID: 36072958 PMCID: PMC9444039 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s375180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhongshan Wang; Yimin Zhao, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-29-84776128, Email ;
| | - Guangsheng Wu
- Qingdao Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of PLA Navy, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhujun Yang
- Xi’an Central Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuejian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yimin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Luo G, Chen J, Ren Z. Regulation of Methylase METTL3 on Fat Deposition. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:4843-4852. [PMID: 34984016 PMCID: PMC8709552 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s344472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent and abundant type of internal post-transcriptional RNA modification in eukaryotic cells. METTL3 is a methylation modifying enzyme, which can directly or indirectly affect biological processes, such as RNA degradation, translation and splicing. In addition, it was found that 67% of 3'-UTR regions containing m6A sites had at least one miRNA binding site, and the number of m6A at 3'-UTR sites was closely related to the binding sites of miRNA. With the improvement of human living standards, obesity has become a very serious and urgent problem. The essence of obesity is the accumulation of excess fat. Exploring the origin and development mechanisms of adipocyte from the perspective of fat deposition has always been a hotspot in the field of adipocyte research. The aim of the present review is to focus on METTL3 regulating fat deposition through mRNA/adipocyte differentiation axis and pri-miRNA/pre-miRNA/target genes/adipocyte differentiation and to provide a theoretical basis according to the currently available literature for further exploring this association. This review may provide new insights for obesity, fat deposition disease and molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jialing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhanjun Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Bi L, Huang Y, Li J, Yang X, Hou G, Zhai P, Zhang Q, Alhaji AA, Yang Y, Liu B. Pirfenidone Attenuates Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis through Inhibiting miR-21. Nephron Clin Pract 2021; 146:110-120. [PMID: 34724669 DOI: 10.1159/000519495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies had shown pirfenidone (PFD) not only improved tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) but also inhibited the expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in the renal tissue of unilateral urethral obstruction (UUO) rats. This study aims to investigate whether PFD can attenuate TIF through inhibiting miR-21 in UUO rats. METHODS Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into sham-operated group, UUO group, and PFD and olmesartan (Olm) treatment groups. Samples were collected on day 14. Expression of miR-21, TGF-β1, Smad3, and Smad7 mRNA in the renal tissue was detected using real-time quantitative PCR. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the protein expressions of collagen III, E-cadherin, and α-SMA. Automated capillary Western blotting was used to detect the quantitative expression of TGF-β1, Smad3, p-Smad3, Smad7, collagen III, E-cadherin, and α-SMA in renal tissues. The expression of miR-21 and Smad7 mRNA and the protein levels of collagen III and α-SMA were examined in the miR-21-overexpressing cell line, NRK-52E. RESULTS Compared with the UUO group, both PFD and Olm inhibited renal tubular dilation, diffused epithelial cell degeneration and necrosis, and reduced renal interstitial edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and collagen fiber deposition, while no significant difference between PFD group and Olm group. Informatics-based approaches identified Smad7 as a likely candidate for regulation by miR-21. Compared with the sham group, miR-21 expression was upregulated in the UUO group resulting in the downregulation of Smad7 expression due to degradation. The overexpression of miR-21 in the in vitro model downregulated Smad7 and promoted EMT and ECM accumulation. Protein levels of TGF-β1, Smad3, p-Smad3, collagen III, and α-SMA were upregulated, while E-cadherin protein was downregulated in the UUO group than in the sham group. PFD rather than Olm decreased the expression of miR-21 and increased the expression level of Smad7 mRNA and then inhibited the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. Olm only downregulated the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS PFD improves TIF by downregulating the expression of miR-21, then elevating Smad7, and finally inhibiting the activation of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway in UUO rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Bi
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanjie Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gailing Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Panpan Zhai
- Department of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiushuang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Yueli Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, CA and School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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8
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Hussen BM, Abdullah ST, Rasul MF, Salihi A, Ghafouri-Fard S, Hidayat HJ, Taheri M. MicroRNAs: Important Players in Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Therapeutic Targets. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:764025. [PMID: 34778378 PMCID: PMC8582349 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.764025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of breast cancer (BC) is linked to metastasis, facilitated by tumor angiogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that have an essential role in gene expression and are significantly linked to the tumor development and angiogenesis process in different types of cancer, including BC. There's increasing evidence showed that various miRNAs play a significant role in disease processes; specifically, they are observed and over-expressed in a wide range of diseases linked to the angiogenesis process. However, more studies are required to reach the best findings and identify the link among miRNA expression, angiogenic pathways, and immune response-related genes to find new therapeutic targets. Here, we summarized the recent updates on miRNA signatures and their cellular targets in the development of breast tumor angiogenetic and discussed the strategies associated with miRNA-based therapeutic targets as anti-angiogenic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Sara Tharwat Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Fatih Rasul
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Science, Tishk International University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Abbas Salihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
- Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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9
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Wang M, Lin Y, Shi W, Chen X, Mi Z, Jia Z, Pan Q, Wang Z, Han J, Liu H. Topical metformin suppresses angiogenesis pathways induced by pulsed dye laser irradiation in animal models. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:393-397. [PMID: 34564891 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pulsed dye laser (PDL) is the first-line treatment for port-wine stain (PWS). However, only a small portion of the lesions could be completely cleared by PDL treatment, which might be related to the regeneration and revascularization of the vascular structures after laser irradiation. Recently, it is believed that the suppression of regeneration and revascularization of photocoagulated blood vessels can achieve a better therapeutic outcome. We use rabbit ear and SD rat as the animal models to investigate whether PDL-induced angiogenesis can be suppressed by topical metformin. Our results showed that topical application of metformin can effectively suppress the PDL-induced early stage of angiogenesis via inhibition of the AKT/mTOR/P70S6K pathway in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wenhao Shi
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xuechao Chen
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zihao Mi
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiwei Jia
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Pan
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Han
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Huaxu Liu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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10
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Kato T, Kato K, Shimizu Y, Takefuji M, Murohara T. Treatment with adipose-derived regenerative cells enhances ischemia-induced angiogenesis via exosomal microRNA delivery in mice. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2021; 83:465-476. [PMID: 34552283 PMCID: PMC8438007 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.83.3.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs), mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells from subcutaneous adipose tissue, have been shown to stimulate angiogenesis in hind limb ischemia, an effect attributed to paracrine action on endothelial cells (ECs) in mice. Despite promising therapeutic effects, the relevant molecules promoting neovascularization in this setting have not been fully elucidated. Extracellular vesicles, crucial mediators of intercellular communication, are recognized as a new therapeutic modality for regenerative medicine. Here, we found that GW4869, an exosome biogenesis inhibitor targeting neutral sphingomyelinase, impaired ADRCs-mediated angiogenesis and improvement of blood perfusion in a murine hind limb ischemia model. In addition, while the supernatant of ADRCs induced murine EC migration, this effect was attenuated by pre-treatment with GW4869. RNA analysis revealed that treatment of ADRCs with GW4869 reduced the expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21), miR-27b, miR-322, and let-7i in ADRCs-derived exosomes. Furthermore, the exosomes derived from GW4869-treated ADRCs induced the expression of the miR-21 targets Smad7 and Pten, and the miR-322 target Cul2, in ECs. These findings suggest that several miRNAs in ADRCs-derived exosomes contribute to angiogenesis and improvement of blood perfusion in a murine hind limb ischemia model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuuki Shimizu
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mikito Takefuji
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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11
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Morshedi K, Borran S, Ebrahimi MS, Masoud Khooy MJ, Seyedi ZS, Amiri A, Abbasi-Kolli M, Fallah M, Khan H, Sahebkar A, Mirzaei H. Therapeutic effect of curcumin in gastrointestinal cancers: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4834-4897. [PMID: 34173992 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers with a high global prevalence are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Accordingly, there is a great need to develop efficient therapeutic approaches. Curcumin, a naturally occurring agent, is a promising compound with documented safety and anticancer activities. Recent studies have demonstrated the activity of curcumin in the prevention and treatment of different cancers. According to systematic studies on curcumin use in various diseases, it can be particularly effective in GI cancers because of its high bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract. Nevertheless, the clinical applications of curcumin are largely limited because of its low solubility and low chemical stability in water. These limitations may be addressed by the use of relevant analogues or novel delivery systems. Herein, we summarize the pharmacological effects of curcumin against GI cancers. Moreover, we highlight the application of curcumin's analogues and novel delivery systems in the treatment of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korosh Morshedi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sarina Borran
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Zeynab Sadat Seyedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Atefeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Fallah
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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12
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Alimoradi N, Firouzabadi N, Fatehi R. Metformin and insulin-resistant related diseases: Emphasis on the role of microRNAs. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111662. [PMID: 34243629 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is one of the most prescribed drugs in type II diabetes (T2DM) which has recently found new applications in the prevention and treatment of various illnesses, from metabolic disorders to cardiovascular and age-related diseases. Metformin improves insulin resistance (IR) by modulating metabolic mechanisms and mitochondrial biogenesis. Alternation of microRNAs (miRs) in the treatment of IR-related illnesses has been observed by metformin therapy. MiRs are small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in RNA silencing, targeting the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) of most mRNAs and inhibiting the translation of related proteins. As a result, their dysregulation is associated with many diseases. Metformin may alter miRs levels in the treatment of various diseases by AMPK-dependent or AMPK-independent mechanisms. Here, we summarized the therapeutic role of metformin by modifying the aberrant expression of miRs as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets in diseases in which IR plays a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Alimoradi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Firouzabadi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Reihaneh Fatehi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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13
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van der Feltz-Cornelis C, Brabyn S, Ratcliff J, Varley D, Allgar V, Gilbody S, Clarke C, Lagos D. Assessment of cytokines, microRNA and patient related outcome measures in conversion disorder/functional neurological disorder (CD/FND): The CANDO clinical feasibility study. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 13:100228. [PMID: 34589743 PMCID: PMC8474571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conversion disorder/functional neurological disorder (CD/FND) occurs often in neurological settings and can lead to long-term distress, disability and demand on health care services. Systemic low-grade inflammation might play a role, however, the pathogenic mechanism is still unknown. AIM 1) To explore the feasibility to establish and assess a cohort of CD/FND with motor symptoms, involving persons with lived experience (PPI). 2) To generate proof of concept regarding a possible role for cytokines, microRNA, cortisol levels and neurocognitive symptoms in patients with motor CD/FND. METHOD Feasibility study. RESULTS The study showed active involvement of patients despite high clinical illness burden and disability, neurocognitive symptoms, childhood adverse experiences (ACE) and current life events. The study provided valuable knowledge regarding the feasibility of conducting a study in these patients that will inform future study phases. In the sample there were elevated levels of IL6, IL12, IL17A, IFNg, TNFa and VEGF-a, suggesting systemic low-grade inflammation. Also, microRNAs involved in inflammation and vascular inflammation were correlated with TNFa and VEGFa respectively, suggesting proof of concept for an epigenetic mechanism. Owing to the COVID-19 outbreak, the patient sample was limited to 15 patients. CONCLUSION It is a novelty that this study is conducted in the clinical setting. This innovative, translational study explores stress-related SLI in CD/FND patients and the feasibility of a larger project aiming to develop new treatments for this vulnerable population. Given the positive findings, there is scope to conduct further research into the mechanism of disease in CD/FND.
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14
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Alimoradi N, Firouzabadi N, Fatehi R. How metformin affects various malignancies by means of microRNAs: a brief review. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:207. [PMID: 33849540 PMCID: PMC8045276 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01921-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin known as the first-line orally prescribed drug for lowering blood glucose in type II diabetes (T2DM) has recently found various therapeutic applications including in cancer. Metformin has been studied for its influences in prevention and treatment of cancer through multiple mechanisms such as microRNA (miR) regulation. Alteration in the expression of miRs by metformin may play an important role in the treatment of various cancers. MiRs are single-stranded RNAs that are involved in gene regulation. By binding to the 3'UTR of target mRNAs, miRs influence protein levels. Irregularities in the expression of miRs that control the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are associated with the onset and progression of cancer. Metformin may possess an effect on tumor prevention and progression by modifying miR expression and downstream pathways. Here, we summarize the effect of metformin on different types of cancer by regulating the expression of various miRs and the associated downstream molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Alimoradi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Firouzabadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Reihaneh Fatehi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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15
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Lu H, Han X, Ren J, Ren K, Li Z, Zhang Q. Metformin attenuates synergic effect of diabetes mellitus and Helicobacter pylori infection on gastric cancer cells proliferation by suppressing PTEN expression. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4534-4542. [PMID: 33760349 PMCID: PMC8107109 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that CagA of Helicobacter pylori reduced PTEN expression by enhancing its promoter methylation. Furthermore, diabetes mellitus (DM) may also promote the methylation status of PTEN, a tumour suppressor gene in gastric cancer (GC). It is intriguing to explore whether DM may strengthen the tumorigenic effect of H pylori (HP) by promoting the methylation of PTEN promoter and whether the administration of metformin may reduce the risk of GC by suppressing the methylation of PTEN promoter. In this study, we enrolled 107 GC patients and grouped them as HP(-)DM(-) group, HP(+)DM(-) group and HP(+)DM(+) group. Bisulphite sequencing PCR evaluated methylation of PTEN promoter. Quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and MTT assay were performed accordingly. DNA methylation of PTEN promoter was synergistically enhanced in HP(+)DM(+) patients, and the expression of PTEN was suppressed in HP(+)DM(+) patients. Cell apoptosis was decreased in HP(+)DM(+) group. Metformin showed an apparent effect on restoring CagA-induced elevation of PTEN promoter methylation, thus attenuating the PTEN expression. The reduced PTEN level led to increased proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of HGC-27 cells. In this study, we collected GC tumour tissues from GC patients with or without DM/HP to compare their PTEN methylation and expression while testing the effect of metformin on the methylation of PTEN promoter. In summary, our study suggested that DM could strengthen the tumorigenic effect of HP by promoting the PTEN promoter methylation, while metformin reduces GC risk by suppressing PTEN promoter methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Lu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianzhuang Ren
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kewei Ren
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zongming Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quanhui Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Anticancer potential of metformin: focusing on gastrointestinal cancers. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 87:587-598. [PMID: 33744985 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers are one of the most common types of cancer that have high annual mortality; therefore, identification and introduction of safe drugs in the control and prevention of these cancers are of particular importance. Metformin, a lipophilic biguanide, is the most commonly prescribed agent for type 2 diabetes management. In addition to its great effects on lowering the blood glucose concentrations, the anti-cancer properties of this drug have been reported in many types of cancers such as gastrointestinal cancers. Hence the effects of this agent as a safe drug on the reduction of gastrointestinal cancer risk and suppression of these types of cancers have been studied in different clinical trials. Furthermore, the proposed mechanisms of metformin in preventing the growth of these cancers have been investigated in several studies. In this review, we discuss recent advances in elucidating the molecular mechanisms that are relevant for metformin use in gastrointestinal cancer treatment.
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17
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Ren Y, Luo H. Metformin: The next angiogenesis panacea? SAGE Open Med 2021; 9:20503121211001641. [PMID: 33796300 PMCID: PMC7970164 DOI: 10.1177/20503121211001641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from existing ones, is
a critical process in wound healing and skeletal muscle hypertrophy.
It also leads to pathological conditions such as retinopathy and tumor
genesis. Metformin, the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetic
mellitus, has a specific regulatory effect on the process of
angiogenesis. Anti-angiogenesis can inhibit the occurrence and
metastasis of tumors and alleviate patients’ symptoms with polycystic
ovary syndrome. Moreover, promoting angiogenesis effect can accelerate
wound healing and promote stroke recovery and limb ischemia
reconstruction. This review reorganizes metformin in angiogenesis, and
the underlying mechanism in alleviating disease to bring some
inspiration to relevant researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Hua Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
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18
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Idlett-Ali S, Liechty KW, Xu J. Deviations in MicroRNA-21 Expression Patterns Identify a Therapeutic Target for Diabetic Wound Healing. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOBIOLOGY 2021; 6:155. [PMID: 36282999 PMCID: PMC9583731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation plays a major role in impaired healing of diabetic wounds. Mounting evidence highlights the role of controlled, sequential polarization of macrophages in producing the appropriate progression through the stages of wound healing: inflammation (pro- inflammatory stage), proliferation and remodeling (regenerative stage). Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, maintain critical roles in regulating normal biological processes, such as wound healing; and are being explored as therapeutic targets for modulating dysfunction in disease states. Interestingly, microRNA-21 (miR-21) has a suggested role in the induction of pro-inflammatory and regenerative stages of healing, but clarity remains elusive on the specific mechanisms determining the direction miR-21 shifts wound healing processes. Findings by Liechty et al. in International Journal of Molecular Science indicate an important role of miR-21, in shaping the wound healing cascade by preferentially inducing M1-like (pro-inflammatory) polarization of macrophages in the early phase of diabetic wound healing. Persistent elevation of miR-21 is suggestive of sustained pro-inflammatory drive, and subsequent wound healing impairment, in the skin of diabetic murine models and diabetic human skin. Differences in the expression patterns of miR-21 during diabetic wound healing identifies the potentially critical role of therapeutic timing, for miR-21 based therapies, in driving positive outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Junwang Xu
- Corresponding Author:Junwang Xu, Department of Surgery, Laboratory for Fetal and Regenerative Biology University of Colorado, Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA;
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19
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Bai B, Chen H. Metformin: A Novel Weapon Against Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:622262. [PMID: 33584319 PMCID: PMC7880161 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.622262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It has become widely accepted that inflammation is a driving force behind a variety of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney disease, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. However, the existing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs show a limited utility in clinical patients. Therefore, the novel agents with different inflammation-inhibitory mechanisms are worth pursuing. Metformin, a synthetic derivative of guanidine, has a history of more than 50 years of clinical experience in treating patients with type 2 diabetes. Intense research efforts have been dedicated to proving metformin’s inflammation-inhibitory effects in cells, animal models, patient records, and randomized clinical trials. The emerging evidence also indicates its therapeutic potential in clinical domains other than type 2 diabetes. Herein, this article appraises current pre-clinical and clinical findings, emphasizing metformin’s anti-inflammatory properties under individual pathophysiological scenarios. In summary, the anti-inflammatory effects of metformin are evident in pre-clinical models. By comparison, there are still clinical perplexities to be addressed in repurposing metformin to inflammation-driven chronic diseases. Future randomized controlled trials, incorporating better stratification/targeting, would establish metformin’s utility in this clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
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20
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Herrero-Aguayo V, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Sáez-Martínez P, Gómez-Gómez E, López-Cánovas JL, Garrido-Sánchez L, Herrera-Martínez AD, García-Bermejo L, Macías-González M, López-Miranda J, Castaño JP, Gahete MD, Luque RM. Influence of Obesity in the miRNome: miR-4454, a Key Regulator of Insulin Response Via Splicing Modulation in Prostate. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e469-e484. [PMID: 32841353 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Obesity is a major health problem associated with severe comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes and cancer, wherein microRNAs (miRNAs) might be useful as diagnostic/prognostic tools or therapeutic targets. OBJECTIVE To explore the differential expression pattern of miRNAs in obesity and their putative role in obesity-related comorbidities such as insulin resistance. METHODS An Affymetrix-miRNA array was performed in plasma samples from normoweight (n = 4/body mass index < 25) and obese subjects (n = 4/body mass index > 30). The main changes were validated in 2 independent cohorts (n = 221/n = 18). Additionally, in silico approaches were performed and in vitro assays applied in tissue samples and prostate (RWPE-1) and liver (HepG2) cell-lines. RESULTS A total of 26 microRNAs were altered (P < 0.01) in plasma of obese subjects compared to controls using the Affymetrix-miRNA array. Validation in ampler cohorts revealed that miR-4454 levels were consistently higher in obesity, associated with insulin-resistance (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance/insulin) and modulated by medical (metformin/statins) and surgical (bariatric surgery) strategies. miR-4454 was highly expressed in prostate and liver tissues and its expression was increased in prostate and liver cells by insulin. In vitro, overexpression of miR-4454 in prostate cells resulted in decreased expression levels of INSR, GLUT4, and phosphorylation of AMPK/AKT/ERK, as well as in altered expression of key spliceosome components (ESRP1/ESRP2/RBM45/RNU2) and insulin-receptor splicing variants. CONCLUSIONS Obesity was associated to an alteration of the plasmatic miRNA landscape, wherein miR-4454 levels were higher, associated with insulin-resistance and modulated by obesity-controlling interventions. Insulin regulated miR-4454, which, in turn may impair the cellular response to insulin, in a cell type-dependent manner (i.e., prostate gland), by modulating the splicing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Herrero-Aguayo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Prudencio Sáez-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gómez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Urology Service, HURS/IMIBIC, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan L López-Cánovas
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica y Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Complejo Hospitalario de Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Aura D Herrera-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Macías-González
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica y Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Complejo Hospitalario de Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
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Wang G, Lin F, Wan Q, Wu J, Luo M. Mechanisms of action of metformin and its regulatory effect on microRNAs related to angiogenesis. Pharmacol Res 2020; 164:105390. [PMID: 33352227 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is rapidly initiated in response to pathological conditions and is a key target for pharmaceutical intervention in various malignancies. Anti-angiogenic therapy has emerged as a potential and effective therapeutic strategy for treating cancer and cardiovascular-related diseases. Metformin, a first-line oral antidiabetic agent for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), not only reduces blood glucose levels and improves insulin sensitivity and exerts cardioprotective effects but also shows benefits against cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and other diverse diseases and regulates angiogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous noncoding RNA molecules with a length of approximately 19-25 bases that are widely involved in controlling various human biological processes. A large number of miRNAs are involved in the regulation of cardiovascular cell function and angiogenesis, of which miR-21 not only regulates vascular cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis but also plays an important role in angiogenesis. The relationship between metformin and abnormal miRNA expression has gradually been revealed in the context of numerous diseases and has received increasing attention. This paper reviews the drug-target interactions and drug repositioning events of metformin that influences vascular cells and has benefits on angiogenesis-mediated effects. Furthermore, we use miR-21 as an example to explain the specific molecular mechanism underlying metformin-mediated regulation of the miRNA signaling pathway controlling angiogenesis and vascular protective effects. These findings may provide a new therapeutic target and theoretical basis for the clinical prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Fang Lin
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Nephropathy Clinical Medical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
| | - Mao Luo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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22
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Wang W, Zhao Y, Li H, Zhang Y, Jia X, Wang C, Zhu P, Wang J, Hou Y. Exosomes secreted from mesenchymal stem cells mediate the regeneration of endothelial cells treated with rapamycin by delivering pro-angiogenic microRNAs. Exp Cell Res 2020; 399:112449. [PMID: 33347856 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Delayed endothelial healing after drug eluting stent (DES) implantation is a critical clinical problem in treatment of coronary artery diseases. Exosomes exhibit proangiogenic potential in a variety of ischemic diseases. However, the association of exosomes with endothelial regeneration after DES implantation has been rarely reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes on endothelial cells treated with rapamycin and explore the potential mechanisms of MSC-derived exosomes in promoting endothelial regeneration. Exosomes were isolated from MSCs by ultracentrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot assay. The in vitro effects of MSC-derived exosomes on the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells treated with rapamycin were evaluated by integrated experiment, cell counting kit-8, scratch, tube formation, and transwell assays. And the apoptosis of rapamycin-induced endothelial cells loaded with MSC-derived exosomes was detected using TUNEL and Annexin-V FITC and PI double-staining assays. The microRNA (miRNA) cargo of MSC-derived exosomes was identified by high-throughput RNA sequencing. Pro-angiogenic miRNAs and key pathways were further characterized. Our results indicated that MSC-derived exosomes could be ingested into umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and significantly enhanced cell proliferation rate, migratory and tube-forming capabilities in vitro. MSC-derived exosomes also inhibited the apoptosis of HUVECs induced by rapamycin. A distinct class of exosomal miRNAs was further identified, including six miRNAs tightly related to neovasculogenesis. Silencing the expression of exosomal miRNA-21-5p and let-7c-5p attenuated the pro-proliferative and pro-migratory capacity of MSC-derived exosomes. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis indicated that metabolic pathways might contribute to reendothelialization. This study highlights a proregenerative effect of MSC-derived exosomes in vitro, which may be partly explained by the delivery of pro-angiogenic miRNAs to endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Huilin Li
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yujiao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiaomeng Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Pengju Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jiangrong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yinglong Hou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
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de Ceuninck van Capelle C, Spit M, Ten Dijke P. Current perspectives on inhibitory SMAD7 in health and disease. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 55:691-715. [PMID: 33081543 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2020.1828260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family members play an extensive role in cellular communication that orchestrates both early development and adult tissue homeostasis. Aberrant TGF-β family signaling is associated with a pathological outcome in numerous diseases, and in-depth understanding of molecular and cellular processes could result in therapeutic benefit for patients. Canonical TGF-β signaling is mediated by receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs), a single co-mediator SMAD (Co-SMAD), and inhibitory SMADs (I-SMADs). SMAD7, one of the I-SMADs, is an essential negative regulator of the pleiotropic TGF-β and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways. In a negative feedback loop, SMAD7 inhibits TGF-β signaling by providing competition for TGF-β type-1 receptor (TβRI), blocking phosphorylation and activation of SMAD2. Moreover, SMAD7 recruits E3 ubiquitin SMURF ligases to the type I receptor to promote ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. In addition to its role in TGF-β and BMP signaling, SMAD7 is regulated by and implicated in a variety of other signaling pathways and functions as a mediator of crosstalk. This review is focused on SMAD7, its function in TGF-β and BMP signaling, and its role as a downstream integrator and crosstalk mediator. This crucial signaling molecule is tightly regulated by various mechanisms. We provide an overview of the ways by which SMAD7 is regulated, including noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and post-translational modifications (PTMs). Finally, we discuss its role in diseases, such as cancer, fibrosis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maureen Spit
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Li J, Yan Y, Ang L, Li X, Liu C, Sun B, Lin X, Peng Z, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Wu H, Zhao M, Su C. Extracellular vesicles-derived OncomiRs mediate communication between cancer cells and cancer-associated hepatic stellate cells in hepatocellular carcinoma microenvironment. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:223-234. [PMID: 31140556 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical determinant for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are main interstitial cells in TME and play a vital role in early intrahepatic invasion and metastasis of HCC. The potential mechanism on the interactions between HSCs and HCC cells remains unclear. In this study, the effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs)-derived OncomiRs that mediate communication between HCC cells and cancer-associated hepatic stellate cells (caHSCs) and remold TME were investigated. The results found that the HCC cells-released EVs contained more various OncomiRs, which could activate HSCs (LX2 cells) and transform them to caHSCs, the caHSCs in turn exerted promotion effects on HCC cells through HSCs-released EVs. To further simulate the effects of OncomiRs in EVs on construction of pro-metastatic TME, a group of OncomiRs, miR-21, miR-221 and miR-151 was transfected into HCC cells and LX2 cells. These microRNAs in the EVs from OncomiRs-enhanced cells were demonstrated to have oncogenic effects on HCC cells by upregulating the activities of protein kinase B (AKT)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signal pathways. Equivalent results were also found in HCC xenografted tumor models. The findings suggested that the OncomiR secretion and transference by cancer cells-released EVs can mediate the communication between HCC cells and HSCs. HCC cells and caHSCs, as well as their secreted EVs, jointly construct a pro-metastatic TME suitable for invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, all these TME components form a positive feedback loop to promote HCC progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Li
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital and National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital and National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Ang
- Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital and National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunying Liu
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital and National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital and National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejing Lin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital and National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangxiao Peng
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital and National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital and National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital and National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongping Wu
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital and National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Changqing Su
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital and National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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MicroRNA-21-Enriched Exosomes as Epigenetic Regulators in Melanomagenesis and Melanoma Progression: The Impact of Western Lifestyle Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082111. [PMID: 32751207 PMCID: PMC7464294 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA mutation-induced activation of RAS-BRAF-MEK-ERK signaling associated with intermittent or chronic ultraviolet (UV) irradiation cannot exclusively explain the excessive increase of malignant melanoma (MM) incidence since the 1950s. Malignant conversion of a melanocyte to an MM cell and metastatic MM is associated with a steady increase in microRNA-21 (miR-21). At the epigenetic level, miR-21 inhibits key tumor suppressors of the RAS-BRAF signaling pathway enhancing proliferation and MM progression. Increased MM cell levels of miR-21 either result from endogenous upregulation of melanocytic miR-21 expression or by uptake of miR-21-enriched exogenous exosomes. Based on epidemiological data and translational evidence, this review provides deeper insights into environmentally and metabolically induced exosomal miR-21 trafficking beyond UV-irradiation in melanomagenesis and MM progression. Sources of miR-21-enriched exosomes include UV-irradiated keratinocytes, adipocyte-derived exosomes in obesity, airway epithelium-derived exosomes generated by smoking and pollution, diet-related exosomes and inflammation-induced exosomes, which may synergistically increase the exosomal miR-21 burden of the melanocyte, the transformed MM cell and its tumor environment. Several therapeutic agents that suppress MM cell growth and proliferation attenuate miR-21 expression. These include miR-21 antagonists, metformin, kinase inhibitors, beta-blockers, vitamin D, and plant-derived bioactive compounds, which may represent new options for the prevention and treatment of MM.
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Chu NJ, Anders RA, Fertig EJ, Cao M, Hopkins AC, Keenan BP, Popovic A, Armstrong TD, Jaffee EM, Zimmerman JW. Inhibition of miR-21 Regulates Mutant KRAS Effector Pathways and Intercepts Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Development. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 13:569-582. [PMID: 32409593 PMCID: PMC7372516 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Almost all pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDA) develop following KRAS activation, which triggers epithelial transformation and recruitment of desmoplastic stroma through additional transcriptional and epigenetic regulation, but only a few of these regulatory mechanisms have been described. We profiled dysregulated miRNAs starting with the earliest premalignant pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanIN) in genetically engineered mutated KRAS and P53 (KPC) mice programmed to recapitulate human PDA tumorigenesis. We identified miR-21 and miR-224 as cell-specific and compartment-specific regulators in PanINs and PDA. miR-21 is overexpressed in tumor epithelial cells of premalignant ducts, while miR-224 is overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts in PDA stroma. Inhibition of miR-21 reverted protumorigenic functionalities to baseline levels. Overexpression of miR-224 induced activated phenotypes in normal fibroblasts. In vivo miR-21 inhibition improved survival in established PDA. Importantly, early systemic miR-21 inhibition completely intercepted premalignant progression. Finally, an evaluation of miR-21 expression in the PDA cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas identified a correlation between tumor epithelial cell content and miR-21 expression in human tumors providing further rationale for conducting human studies. Thus, miR-21 may be useful for early PanIN detection, and for intercepting developing premalignant pancreatic lesions and other KRAS-driven premalignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina J Chu
- Department of Oncology, Skip Viragh Center for Pancreas Cancer, Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert A Anders
- Department of Oncology, Skip Viragh Center for Pancreas Cancer, Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elana J Fertig
- Department of Oncology, Skip Viragh Center for Pancreas Cancer, Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Minwei Cao
- Department of Oncology, Skip Viragh Center for Pancreas Cancer, Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alexander C Hopkins
- Department of Oncology, Skip Viragh Center for Pancreas Cancer, Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bridget P Keenan
- Department of Oncology, Skip Viragh Center for Pancreas Cancer, Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Aleksandra Popovic
- Department of Oncology, Skip Viragh Center for Pancreas Cancer, Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Todd D Armstrong
- Department of Oncology, Skip Viragh Center for Pancreas Cancer, Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth M Jaffee
- Department of Oncology, Skip Viragh Center for Pancreas Cancer, Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jacquelyn W Zimmerman
- Department of Oncology, Skip Viragh Center for Pancreas Cancer, Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Shear Stress Triggers Angiogenesis of Late Endothelial Progenitor Cells via the PTEN/Akt/GTPCH/BH4 Pathway. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:5939530. [PMID: 32399044 PMCID: PMC7210539 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5939530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Shear stress is an effective modulator of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and has been suggested to play an important role in angiogenesis. The phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/Akt and guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase (GTPCH)/tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) pathways regulate the function of early EPCs. However, the role of these pathways in the shear stress-induced angiogenesis of late EPCs remains poorly understood. Therefore, we aim to investigate whether shear stress could upregulate the angiogenesis capacity of late EPCs and to further explore the possible underlying mechanisms. Methods Late EPCs were subjected to laminar shear stress (LSS), and their in vitro migration, proliferation, and tube formation capacity were determined. In addition, the in vivo angiogenesis capacity was explored, along with the expression of molecules involved in the PTEN/Akt and GTPCH/BH4 pathways. Results LSS elevated the in vitro activities of late EPCs, which were accompanied by downregulated PTEN expression, accelerated Akt phosphorylation, and GTPCH/BH4 pathway activation (all P < 0.05). Following Akt inhibition, LSS-induced upregulated GTPCH expression, BH4, and NO level of EPCs were suppressed. LSS significantly improved the migration, proliferation, and tube formation ability (15 dyn/cm2 LSS vs. stationary: 72.2 ± 5.5 vs. 47.3 ± 7.3, 0.517 ± 0.05 vs. 0.367 ± 0.038, and 1.664 ± 0.315 vs. 1 ± 0, respectively; all P < 0.05) along with the in vivo angiogenesis capacity of late EPCs, contributing to the recovery of limb ischemia. These effects were also blocked by Akt inhibition or GTPCH knockdown (P < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions This study provides the first evidence that shear stress triggers angiogenesis in late EPCs via the PTEN/Akt/GTPCH/BH4 pathway, providing a potential nonpharmacologic therapeutic strategy for promoting angiogenesis in ischemia-related diseases.
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Li P, Cai JX, Han F, Wang J, Zhou JJ, Shen KW, Wang LH. Expression and significance of miR-654-5p and miR-376b-3p in patients with colon cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 12:492-502. [PMID: 32368326 PMCID: PMC7191333 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v12.i4.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between microRNAs, such as miR-654-5p and miR-376b-3p, and the prognosis of colon cancer has not been studied until now.
AIM To evaluate the expression levels of miR-654-5p and miR-376b-3p and their clinical significance in colon cancer.
METHODS RT-qPCR was performed to evaluate miR-654-5p and miR-376b-3p expression in 34 pairs of colon cancer and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Subsequently, the association of miR-654-5p and miR-376b-3p expression with clinical factors or the survival of patients suffering from colon cancer was determined by using The Cancer Genome Atlas.
RESULTS miR-654-5p was upregulated and miR-376b-3p was downregulated in colon cancer tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues (P < 0.001). Increased miR-654-5p and decreased miR-376b-3p expression levels were significantly associated with metastasis and clinical stage. Moreover, a univariate analysis demonstrated that colon cancer patients with high miR-654-5p or low miR-376b-3p expression (P = 0.044 and 0.007, respectively) had a poor overall survival rate. A multivariate analysis identified high miR-654-5p expression and low miR-376b-3p expression as independent predictors of poor survival in colon cancer patients.
CONCLUSION Upregulated miR-654-5p and downregulated miR-376b-3p may be associated with tumour progression in colon cancer, and these microRNAs may serve as independent prognostic markers for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Huaian Tumor Hospital & Huaian Hospital of Huaian City, Huaian 223200, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Huaian Tumor Hospital & Huaian Hospital of Huaian City, Huaian 223200, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jia-Xun Cai
- Department of Anorectal, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University and Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Han
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jia-Jie Zhou
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kai-Wen Shen
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liu-Hua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Northern Jiangsu Province Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wang Y, Zhang P, Yuan M, Li X. Overexpression of miRNA-21 Promotes the Proliferation and Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Suppressing SMAD7. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 18:1533033819878686. [PMID: 31554487 PMCID: PMC6763940 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819878686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of microRNA-21 and smad family member 7 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Method: A total of 57 participants were divided into control group (healthy participants, n = 10) and hepatocellular carcinoma group (hepatocellular carcinoma patients, n = 37). The expression of microRNA-21 levels were first detected in these two groups. Cell transfection was performed on hepatoma cell lines, followed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and Transwell assay to reveal proliferation and invasion ability. Furthermore, the relation between microRNA-21 and smad family member 7 was revealed by luciferase reporter gene and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Finally, a transplantation tumor model of breast cancer in mice was constructed. Results: The serum indicators including α-alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and albumin were differentially expressed between hepatocellular carcinoma group and control group. Compared to the control group, there was a high expression of microRNA-21 in hepatocellular carcinoma group. Low expression of microRNA-21 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of HepG2.2.15 and Huh7-1.3 cells. Luciferase reporter gene and RNA innumoprecipitation assay showed that smad family member 7 was the target gene of microRNA-21. Moreover, mice model analysis showed that microRNA-21 might regulate the growth of the transplanted tumors in mice by targeting smad family member 7. Conclusion: The upregulated microRNA-21 might participate in the proliferation and migration in cells of hepatocellular carcinoma via suppression of smad family member 7. Furthermore, serum indicators such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and albumin might be used as serum diagnostic markers for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Chronic Disease Management Center, Qingdao Sixth People's Hospital, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Clinical Lab, Qingdao Sixth People's Hospital, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mei Yuan
- Department of Clinical Lab, Qingdao Sixth People's Hospital, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of The 7th Inpatient Ward, Qingdao Sixth People's Hospital, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China
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Park SH, Kang MA, Moon YJ, Jang KY, Kim JR. Metformin coordinates osteoblast/osteoclast differentiation associated with ischemic osteonecrosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:4727-4741. [PMID: 32045366 PMCID: PMC7138543 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to identify a candidate drug that can activate endogenous Angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) expression via drug repositioning as a pharmacological treatment for avascular osteonecrosis. After incubation with 821 drugs from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug library, Ang1 expression in U2OS cell culture media was examined by ELISA. Metformin, the first-line medication for treatment of type 2 diabetes, was selected as a candidate for in vitro and in vivo experimental evaluation. Ang1 was induced, and alkaline phosphatase activity was increased by metformin treatment in U2OS and MG63 cells. Wound healing and migration assay showed increased osteoblastic cell mobility by metformin treatment in U2OS and MG63 cells. Metformin upregulated expression of protein markers for osteoblastic differentiation in U2OS and MG63 cells but inhibited osteoclastic differentiation in Raw264.7 cells. Metformin (25 mg/kg) protected against ischemic necrosis in the epiphysis of the rat femoral head by maintaining osteoblast/osteocyte function and vascular density but inhibiting osteoclast activity in the necrotic femoral head. These findings provide novel insight into the specific biomarkers that are targeted and regulated by metformin in osteoblast differentiation and contribute to understanding the effects of these FDA-approved small-molecule drugs as novel therapeutics for ischemic osteonecrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Mi-Ae Kang
- Department of Biological Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Young Jae Moon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Jung Ryul Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Korea
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Varghese E, Liskova A, Kubatka P, Samuel SM, Büsselberg D. Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Phytochemicals on miRNA Regulating Breast Cancer Progression. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020191. [PMID: 32012744 PMCID: PMC7072640 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several phytochemicals have been identified for their role in modifying miRNA regulating tumor progression. miRNAs modulate the expression of several oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes including the genes that regulate tumor angiogenesis. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) signaling is a central axis that activates oncogenic signaling and acts as a metabolic switch in endothelial cell (EC) driven tumor angiogenesis. Tumor angiogenesis driven by metabolic reprogramming of EC is crucial for tumor progression and metastasis in many different cancers, including breast cancers, and has been linked to aberrant miRNA expression profiles. In the current article, we identify different miRNAs that regulate tumor angiogenesis in the context of oncogenic signaling and metabolic reprogramming in ECs and review how selected phytochemicals could modulate miRNA levels to induce an anti-angiogenic action in breast cancer. Studies involving genistein, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and resveratrol demonstrate the regulation of miRNA-21, miRNA-221/222 and miRNA-27, which are prognostic markers in triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs). Modulating the metabolic pathway is a novel strategy for controlling tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth. Cardamonin, curcumin and resveratrol exhibit their anti-angiogenic property by targeting the miRNAs that regulate EC metabolism. Here we suggest that using phytochemicals to target miRNAs, which in turn suppresses tumor angiogenesis, should have the potential to inhibit tumor growth, progression, invasion and metastasis and may be developed into an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of many different cancers where tumor angiogenesis plays a significant role in tumor growth and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (E.V.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Alena Liskova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (E.V.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar; (E.V.); (S.M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +974-4492-8334; Fax: +974-4492-8333
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Chen L, Wang X, Qu X, Pan L, Wang Z, Lu Y, Hu H. Activation of the STAT3/microRNA-21 pathway participates in angiotensin II-induced angiogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19640-19654. [PMID: 30950039 PMCID: PMC6767590 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (AngII) facilitates angiogenesis that is associated with the continuous progression of atherosclerotic plaques, but the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to promote angiogenesis; however, whether miRNAs play a crucial role in AngII-induced angiogenesis remains unclear. This study evaluated the functional involvement of miRNA-21 (miR-21) in the AngII-mediated proangiogenic response in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs). We found that AngII exerted a proangiogenic role, indicated by the promotion of proliferation, migration, and tube formation in HMECs. Next, miR-21 was found to be upregulated in AngII-treated HMECs, and its specific inhibitor potently blocked the proangiogenic effects of AngII. Subsequently, we focused on the constitutive activation of STAT3 in the AngII-mediated proangiogenic process. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that STAT3 acted as a transcription factor initiating miR-21 expression, which was verified by ChIP-PCR. A reporter assay further identified three functional binding sites of STAT3 in the miR-21 promoter region. Moreover, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was recognized as a target of miR-21, and STAT3 inhibition restored AngII-induced reduction in PTEN. Similarly, the STAT3/miR-21 axis was shown to mediate AngII-provoked angiogenesis in vivo, which was demonstrated by using the appropriate inhibitors. Our data suggest that AngII was involved in proangiogenic responses through miR-21 upregulation and reduced PTEN expression, which was, at least in part, linked to STAT3 signaling. The present study provides novel insights into AngII-induced angiogenesis and suggests potential treatment strategies for attenuating the progression of atherosclerotic lesions and preventing atherosclerosis complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Yuan Chen
- Department of CardiologySouthwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Occupational HealthThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xiao‐Long Qu
- Department of CardiologySouthwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Li‐Na Pan
- Department of CardiologySouthwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Ze‐Yang Wang
- Department of CardiologySouthwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yong‐Hui Lu
- Department of Occupational HealthThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Hou‐Yuan Hu
- Department of CardiologySouthwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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Physical Exercise Modulates miR-21-5p, miR-129-5p, miR-378-5p, and miR-188-5p Expression in Progenitor Cells Promoting Osteogenesis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070742. [PMID: 31330975 PMCID: PMC6678390 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise is known to promote beneficial effects on overall health, counteracting risks related to degenerative diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding RNAs affecting the expression of a cell’s transcriptome, can be modulated by different stimuli. Yet, the molecular effects on osteogenic differentiation triggered by miRNAs upon physical exercise are not completely understood. In this study, we recruited 20 male amateur runners participating in a half marathon. Runners’ sera, collected before (PRE RUN) and after (POST RUN) the run, were added to cultured human mesenchymal stromal cells. We then investigated their effects on the modulation of selected miRNAs and the consequential effects on osteogenic differentiation. Our results showed an increased expression of miRNAs promoting osteogenic differentiation (miR-21-5p, miR-129-5p, and miR-378-5p) and a reduced expression of miRNAs involved in the adipogenic differentiation of progenitor cells (miR-188-5p). In addition, we observed the downregulation of PTEN and SMAD7 expression along with increased AKT/pAKT and SMAD4 protein levels in MSCs treated with POST RUN sera. The consequent upregulation of RUNX2 expression was also proven, highlighting the molecular mechanisms by which miR-21-5p promotes osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, our work proposes novel data, which demonstrate how miRNAs may regulate the osteogenic commitment of progenitor cells in response to physical exercise.
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Sapp RM, Shill DD, Dash C, Hicks JC, Adams‐Campbell LL, Hagberg JM. Circulating microRNAs and endothelial cell migration rate are associated with metabolic syndrome and fitness level in postmenopausal African American women. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14173. [PMID: 31347282 PMCID: PMC6658676 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal African American women are at elevated risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS), which predisposes them to cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. Circulating microRNAs (ci-miR) are potential mediators of cardiometabolic diseases also impacted by cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) level. Using real-time quantitative PCR, we compared the expression of vascular-related ci-miRs (miR-21-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-126-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-150-5p, miR-221-3p) in sedentary, overweight/obese, postmenopausal African American women based on 1) presence (n = 31) or absence (n = 42) of MetS and 2) CRF level (VO2peak ) (Very Low < 18.0 mL·kg-1 ·min-1 [n = 31], Low = 18.0-22.0 mL·kg-1 ·min-1 [n = 24], or Moderate >22.0 mL·kg-1 ·min-1 [n = 18]). Endothelial migration rate in response to subjects' serum was assessed to determine the effect of circulating blood-borne factors on endothelial repair. Ci-miR-21-5p was the only ci-miR that differed between women with MetS compared to those without MetS (0.93 ± 0.43 vs. 1.28 ± 0.71, P = 0.03). There were borderline significant differences (P = 0.06-0.09) in ci-miR-21-5p, 126-5p, and 221-3p levels between the CRF groups, and these three ci-miRs correlated with VO2peak (r = -0.25 to -0.28, P < 0.05). Endothelial migration rate was impaired in response to serum from women with MetS compared to those without after 16-24 h. Serum from women with Moderate CRF induced greater endothelial migration than the Very Low and Low CRF groups after 4 and 16-24 h, that was also not different from a young, healthy reference group. Ci-miR-21-5p is lower in postmenopausal African American women with MetS, while ci-miRs-21-5p, 126-5p, and 221-3p are associated with CRF. Factors which impair endothelial cell migration rate are present in serum of women with MetS, though having Moderate CRF may be protective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M. Sapp
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public HealthUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland
| | - Daniel D. Shill
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public HealthUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland
| | - Chiranjeev Dash
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Office of Minority Health & Health Disparities ResearchWashingtonDistrict of Columbia
| | - Jennifer C. Hicks
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Office of Minority Health & Health Disparities ResearchWashingtonDistrict of Columbia
| | - Lucile L. Adams‐Campbell
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Office of Minority Health & Health Disparities ResearchWashingtonDistrict of Columbia
| | - James M. Hagberg
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public HealthUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland
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Di Stefano AB, Massihnia D, Grisafi F, Castiglia M, Toia F, Montesano L, Russo A, Moschella F, Cordova A. Adipose tissue, angiogenesis and angio-MIR under physiological and pathological conditions. Eur J Cell Biol 2019; 98:53-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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36
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Matarlo JS, Krumpe LRH, Heinz WF, Oh D, Shenoy SR, Thomas CL, Goncharova EI, Lockett SJ, O'Keefe BR. The Natural Product Butylcycloheptyl Prodiginine Binds Pre-miR-21, Inhibits Dicer-Mediated Processing of Pre-miR-21, and Blocks Cellular Proliferation. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:1133-1142.e4. [PMID: 31155509 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Identification of RNA-interacting pharmacophores could provide chemical probes and, potentially, small molecules for RNA-based therapeutics. Using a high-throughput differential scanning fluorimetry assay, we identified small-molecule natural products with the capacity to bind the discrete stem-looped structure of pre-miR-21. The most potent compound identified was a prodiginine-type compound, butylcycloheptyl prodiginine (bPGN), with the ability to inhibit Dicer-mediated processing of pre-miR-21 in vitro and in cells. Time-dependent RT-qPCR, western blot, and transcriptomic analyses showed modulation of miR-21 expression and its target genes such as PDCD4 and PTEN upon treatment with bPGN, supporting on-target inhibition. Consequently, inhibition of cellular proliferation in HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells was also observed when treated with bPGN. The discovery that bPGN can bind and modulate the expression of regulatory RNAs such as miR-21 helps set the stage for further development of this class of natural product as a molecular probe or therapeutic agent against miRNA-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe S Matarlo
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Lauren R H Krumpe
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - William F Heinz
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Daniel Oh
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Shilpa R Shenoy
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Cheryl L Thomas
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ekaterina I Goncharova
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Biomedical Informatics and Data Science Directorate, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Stephen J Lockett
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Barry R O'Keefe
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Natural Products Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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Long non-coding RNA H19 promotes corneal neovascularization by targeting microRNA-29c. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182394. [PMID: 30948500 PMCID: PMC6499455 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 has been implicated in tumor angiogenesis. However, whether H19 regulates the progression of corneal neovascularization (CNV) is unclear. The present study aimed to determine the function of H19 in CNV and its possible molecular mechanism. Here, we found that the H19 levels were remarkably increased in vascularized corneas and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In vitro, H19 up-regulation promoted proliferation, migration, tube formation and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression in HUVECs, and it was found to down-regulate microRNA-29c (miR-29c) expression. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that H19 mediated the above effects by binding directly to miR-29c. In addition, miR-29c expression was markedly reduced in vascularized corneas and its expression also decreased in bFGF-treated HUVECs in vitro. MiR-29c targeted the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of VEGFA and decreased its expression. These data suggest that H19 can enhance CNV progression by inhibiting miR-29c, which negatively regulates VEGFA. This novel regulatory axis may serve as a potential therapeutic target for CNV.
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38
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Ponnusamy V, Yip PK. The role of microRNAs in newborn brain development and hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. Neuropharmacology 2019; 149:55-65. [PMID: 30716413 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neonates can develop hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) due to lack of blood supply or oxygen, resulting in a major cause of death and disability among term newborns. However, current definitive treatment of therapeutic hypothermia, will only benefit one out of nine babies. Furthermore, the mechanisms of HIE and therapeutic hypothermia are not fully understood. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have become of interest to many researchers due to their important role in post-transcriptional control and deep evolutionary history. Despite this, role of miRNAs in newborns with HIE remains largely unknown due to limited research in this field. Therefore, this review aims to understand the role of miRNAs in normal brain development and HIE pathophysiology with reliance on extrapolated data from other diseases, ages and species due to current limited data. This will provide us with an overview of how miRNAs in normal brain development changes after HIE. Furthermore, it will indicate how miRNAs are affected specifically or globally by the various pathophysiological events. In addition, we discuss about how drugs and commercially available agents can specifically target certain miRNAs as a mechanism of action and potential safety issue with off-target effects. Improving our understanding of the role of miRNAs on the cellular response after HIE would enhance the success of effective diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of newborns with HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vennila Ponnusamy
- Centre of Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ashford and St. Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, UK.
| | - Ping K Yip
- Center of Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
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Wang H, Ma Z, Liu X, Zhang C, Hu Y, Ding L, Qi P, Wang J, Lu S, Li Y. MiR-183-5p is required for non-small cell lung cancer progression by repressing PTEN. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:1103-1111. [PMID: 30841423 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause in all cancer deaths. A low survival rate and high recurrence rate of lung cancer make the endeavor to identify new, more effective therapies a primary goal. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regarded as regulators of tumorigenesis and it is known that miR-183-5p is significantly upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), suggesting it has an oncogenic function in lung cancer. In this study, we found that miR-183-5p could promote lung carcinogenesis by directly targeting phosphatase tensin (PTEN). Further experiments indicated that miR-183-5p could suppress p53 and activate AKT signaling through phosphorylation. Moreover, our data indicated that miR-183-5p promoted tumor metastasis and tumor growth in vivo. Collectively, these results showed that miR-183-5p is required for NSCLC development through the suppressing PTEN, and might be a promising target in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Wang
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhongliang Ma
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Caiyan Zhang
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yanping Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Ding
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Pengfei Qi
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ju Wang
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shengdi Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Yanli Li
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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40
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Zeng M, Luo Y, Xu C, Li R, Chen N, Deng X, Fang D, Wang L, Wu J, Luo M. Platelet-endothelial cell interactions modulate smooth muscle cell phenotype in an in vitro model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 316:C186-C197. [PMID: 30517030 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00428.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Platelet (PLT)-endothelial cell (EC) interaction appears to contribute to phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which play an important role in the physiological and pathological process of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). However, the precise mechanisms by which interactions between PLTs and ECs affect VSMC phenotype have largely remained unclear. We determined the effect of diabetic PLT-EC interaction to influence VSMC migration, proliferation, and phenotypic transformation in triple-cell coculture models using the quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, fluorescence microscopy, wound scratch assays, CCK-8 assays, and gelatin zymography assays. Our results revealed DM2 PLT-EC interaction to be associated with a significant downregulation of VSMC-specific contractile phenotypic genes and proteins, including SM22α, smooth muscle actin, Smoothelin-B, and smooth muscle-myosin heavy chain. Inversely, VSMC-specific proliferative phenotype gene and protein levels, including cyclin D1 and 2, nonmuscle myosin heavy chain B, and PCNA were in upregulation. Furthermore, the DM2-originated PLT-EC interaction promoted the expression level of transforming growth factor-β1, and the PI3K/Akt and matrix metalloproteinase 9 signaling pathway was activated subsequently. Finally, these reactions contributed to a synthetic phenotype of VSMCs, including the proliferation, migration, and gelatinolytic activities. These findings suggest that PLT-EC interaction modulates the phenotypic transition of VSMCs between a contractile and proliferative/synthetic phenotype under diabetic conditions, conceivably providing important implications regarding the mechanisms controlling the VSMC phenotypic transition and the development of cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yulin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,GCP Center, Affiliated Hospital (Traditional Chinese Medicine) of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chunrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ni Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Mao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Liu W, Huang M, Zou Q, Lin W. Curcumin suppresses gastric cancer biological activity by regulation of miRNA-21: an in vitro study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:5820-5829. [PMID: 31949668 PMCID: PMC6963087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explain the effects of curcumin to depress gastric cancer biological activity by regulation miRNA-21 an in in vitro study. METHODS Collecting 30 pairs of adjacent and cancer tissues to measure miRNA-21 expression by ISH, evaluating pathology by H&E staining and measuring PTEN protein expression by IHC. Evaluating curcumin anti-tumor and correlation between curcumin and miRNA-21 in gastric cancer cell line (AGS) biological activities by CCK-8, flow cytometry, transwell, scratch test, transmission electron microscope, and western blot. RESULTS Compared with adjacent normal tissues, the miRNA-21 and PTEN expressions of gastric cancer tissues were significantly different (P < 0.001, respectively). By cell experiments, compared with NC group, the AGS cell proliferation was significantly depressed with significantly increasing cell apoptosis by keeping cell cycle in G1 phase (P < 0.001, respectively), and AGS cell invasion and migration were significantly down-regulated (P < 0.001, respectively) in Cur and Cur+BL groups. However, with miRNA-21 supplementation, the AGS cell biological activities were significantly recovered (P < 0.001, respectively). By western blot, compared with the NC group, the PTEN and P21 proteins expressions were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.001, respectively) and the PI3K, AKT, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins expressions were significantly down-regulated (P < 0.001, respectively). PTEN, PI3K, AKT, P21, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins were significantly decreased with miRNA-21 supplementation (P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Curcumin had anti-tumor effects to gastric cancer via ion of miRNA-21 by regulation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meixiang Huang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiuqiong Zou
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanyi Lin
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Halimulati M, Duman B, Nijiati J, Aizezi A. Long noncoding RNA TCONS_00024652 regulates vascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis via microRNA-21. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:3309-3316. [PMID: 30233677 PMCID: PMC6143905 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome caused by the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques is one of the primary causes of major cardiovascular events, and neovascularization within the plaque is closely associated with its stability. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) is a type of noncoding RNA that serves a crucial role in regulating vascular endothelial cells (VECs). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of lncRNA TCONS_00024652 on the proliferation and angiogenesis of VECs following stimulation with TNF-α. The expression of lncRNA and miRNA was measured in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation was measured using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Wound healing and tube formation assays were performed to determine cell migration and angiogenesis. Interactions between TCONS_00024652 and miR-21 were determined using bioinformatics and a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The results demonstrated that TCONS_00024652 is highly expressed in TNF-α-induced HUVECs. Functional assays demonstrated that the dysregulated expression of TCONS_00024652 promotes endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis, whereas TCONS_00024652 knockdown induces the opposite effects. Bioinformatics analysis using starBase predicted putative binding at the 3′-untranslated region of TCONS_00024652 and miR-21 and luciferase reporter assays further verified this interaction. The results of the present study suggest that the targeting of TCONS_00024652 by miR-21 may be a potential method of improving vascular endothelial dysfunction, neovascularization maturation and plaque stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muertiza Halimulati
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Center of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Bagedati Duman
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Center of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Julaiti Nijiati
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Center of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Abudoureyimu Aizezi
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Center of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
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Zhang B, Li YL, Zhao JL, Zhen O, Yu C, Yang BH, Yu XR. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 promotes cancer progression through activating AKT/Cyclin D1 signaling pathway in osteosarcoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:1-9. [PMID: 29807229 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignant neoplasm, which commonly afflicts patients of 20-30 years of age, and its morbidity has increased markedly in recent years. Certain genes and signal pathways have been identified to exert key roles in osteosarcoma progression. Here, we set out to characterize in more detail of the role of HIF-1/AKT/Cyclin D1 pathway in the progression of osteosarcoma. METHODS Immunohistochemistry, western blot and qPCR were used to test the protein or mRNA levels of HIF-1 in osteosarcoma tissues or adjacent nontumor tissues. MTT, clone formation, wound healing, Transwell, in vivo tumorigenesis, flow cytometry and western blot analysis were used to determine cell proliferation, clone formation ability, migration, invasion, tumorigenesis, and cell apoptosis in MG63 and U2OS cells, respectively. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays were performed to investigate the protein-protein interaction between HIF-1α and proteins related to signal pathways. RESULTS HIF-1 was overexpressed in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, which promoted cell proliferation, clone formation, migration, invasion and inhibited cell apoptosis. Results also demonstrated that HIF-1 combined with AKT, and there might be a positive loop between the two proteins of HIF-1 and AKT, then the protein-protein interaction up-regulated the expression of Cyclin D1 in protein level, but not mRNA level, made Cyclin D1 protein more stable, triggered cell proliferation, clone formation, tumorigenesis, but inhibited cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that HIF-1 modulated Cyclin D1 expression might through shaping a positive loop with AKT proteins. Additionally, HIF-1α promoted the tumor cells growth, migration and invasion in osteosarcoma through the activation of the AKT/Cyclin D1 signal cascade. We proposed that HIF-1 could be served as a marker for distinguishing osteosarcoma and an effective therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; 3201 Hosptial Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723000,China
| | - Ya-Li Li
- 3201 Hosptial Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723000,China
| | - Jin-Long Zhao
- 3201 Hosptial Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723000,China
| | - Ouyang Zhen
- 3201 Hosptial Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723000,China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Bin-Hui Yang
- 3201 Hosptial Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723000,China
| | - Xiao-Rui Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease(Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
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Jiang Y, Chang H, Chen G. Effects of microRNA-20a on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of multiple myeloma via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:10001-10007. [PMID: 29963125 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease with a poor prognosis. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have shown potential as non-invasive prognostic biomarkers for heterogeneous diseases. miR-20a has been shown involved in various human cancers, and the phosphatase and tensin homolog/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PTEN/P13K/Akt) signaling pathway plays a key role in cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Here, we investigated the effect of miR-20a on the PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway during MM cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to detect miR-20a expression in plasma from 30 MM patients and MM cell lines. CCK-8 assays, Transwell assays, Annexin V/PI double-staining and western blotting were performed to examine the protein expressions of PTEN, PI3K and Akt during cellullar proliferation, migration, cycling, and apoptosis. Significant upregulation of miR-20a and deregulation of PTEN were observed in MM cells. We also identified PTEN as a downstream target gene of miR-20a, which bound to the 3'-untranslated region of PTEN. Overexpression of miR-20a was associated with decreased PTEN expression, and treatment with miR-20a inhibitors decreased cell proliferation, migration and clonogenicity and reduced the protein expressions of PI3K and p-Akt but increased PTEN protein expression compared with blank and negative control groups. Taken together, these results showed that inhibition of miR-20a suppresses MM progression by modulating the PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. These findings suggest that miR-20a may be a novel molecular therapeutic target for the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Chang
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Guoan Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
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Feng MG, Liu CF, Chen L, Feng WB, Liu M, Hai H, Lu JM. MiR-21 attenuates apoptosis-triggered by amyloid-β via modulating PDCD4/ PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway in SH-SY5Y cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:1003-1007. [PMID: 29635890 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains the most common neurodegenerative disease with amyloid beta (Aβ) formatted and accumulated. Recently, microRNAs have been identified as significant regulators in neurogenesis of the central nervous system (CNS). However, the biological role of miR-21 in AD remains unclear. The purpose of our study was to investigate the mechanism of miR-21 in AD. AD model was established using 20 μM Aβ1-42 in SH-SY5Y cells. Aβ1-42 can induce cell apoptosis via increasing Bax and decreasing Bcl-2 protein levels. Meanwhile, we observed that miR-21 was remarkably elevated by indicated Aβ1-42 in vitro. Subsequently, miR-21 mimics were transfected into SH-SY5Y cells and it was found that miR-21 can inhibit cell apoptosis induced by Aβ1-42. Programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4), an important tumor suppressor in various cancers has been reported to prevent AKT activation. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/GSK-3β pathway can release a survival signal to protect from multiple injuries. Interestingly, it was found that PDCD4 was involved in miR-21-repressed cell apoptosis in AD models. miR-21 mimics can increase the PI3K, AKT and GSK-3β activity while PDCD4 ovexexpression inhibited their activity respectively. Moreover, knockdown of PDCD4 can rescue PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway in SH-SY5Y cells. Taken these together, it was suggested by our data that miR-21 can exert protective roles in AD, which might be dependent on PDCD4/PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Guo Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Cui-Fang Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China.
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Wen-Bo Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Min Liu
- Teaching and Research Section of Rehabilitation, Xianning Professional Education (Group) School, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Hai
- Department of Neurology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Jing-Min Lu
- Department of Neurology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China.
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Yang C, Yuan W, Yang X, Li P, Wang J, Han J, Tao J, Li P, Yang H, Lv Q, Zhang W. Circular RNA circ-ITCH inhibits bladder cancer progression by sponging miR-17/miR-224 and regulating p21, PTEN expression. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:19. [PMID: 29386015 PMCID: PMC5793418 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circ-ITCH is a circRNA generated from several exons of itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (ITCH) and tumor suppressor served as a sponge for certain miRNAs targeting their parental transcripts of ITCH. However, the role of circ-ITCH in bladder cancer (BCa) was not reported. In the present study, we investigated the role of circ-ITCH in BCa. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of circ-ITCH and survival analysis was adopted to explore the association between circ-ITCH expression and the prognosis of BCa. BCa cells were stably transfected with lentivirus approach and cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle and cell apoptosis, as well as tumorigenesis in nude mice were performed to assess the effect of circ-ITCH in BCa. Biotin-coupled probe pull down assay, Biotin-coupled miRNA capture, Fluorescence in situ hybridization and Luciferase reporter assay were conducted to confirm the relationship between the circ-ITCH and the microRNA. RESULTS In the present study, we found that circ-ITCH, is down-regulated in BCa tissues and cell lines. BCa patients with low circ-ITCH expression had shortened survival. Enforced- expression of circ-ITCH inhibited cells proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that circ-ITCH up-regulates the expression of miR-17 and miR-224 target gene p21 and PTEN through 'sponging' miR-17 and miR-224, which suppressed the aggressive biological behaviors of BCa. CONCLUSIONS circ-ITCH acts as a tumor suppressor by a novel circ-ITCH/miR-17, miR-224/p21, PTEN axis, which may provide a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for the management of BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengdi Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Yuan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingzi Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengchao Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiwei Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiang Lv
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
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MicroRNA-20a participates in the aerobic exercise-based prevention of coronary artery disease by targeting PTEN. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:756-763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Dual Role of MiR-21-Mediated Signaling in HUVECs and Rat Surgical Flap under Normoxia and Hypoxia Condition. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091917. [PMID: 28880208 PMCID: PMC5618566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Restoring sufficient vascularity of the ischemia/hypoxia flap is always the critical issue in flap surgeries. In a previous studies microRNA-21 (miR-21) expression was upregulated after rat skin flap surgery. MiR-21 has been reported to be induced by hypoxia and the function of miR-21 involves in the process of angiogenesis. However, the precise regulatory mechanisms in miR-21-mediated pathways are still unclear. These issues were investigated via in vitro and in vivo experiments in this study. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), the expression of hsa-miR-21-5p was induced after hypoxic culture and the induction of hsa-miR-21-5p was suppressed after sequential normoxic culture. Moreover, transfection of hsa-miR-21-5p mimic enhanced tube formation capacity in normoxia, but attenuated it in hypoxia. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis suggested that SMAD7 was a predicted target of hsa-miR-21-5p. Our results demonstrated the effect of hsa-miR-21-5p was different on SMAD7 expression in normoxia and hypoxia. In rat skin flaps, blockage of miR-21-5p significantly increased angiogenesis via analysis of color laser Doppler imaging and repressed SMAD7 expression in ischemic skin tissue. Our study showed the opposite effect of miR-21-5p mediating angiogenesis in normoxia and hypoxia, providing important implications regarding the design of novel miRNA-based therapeutic strategies in flap surgeries.
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Liu X, Zhou X, Xu H, He Z, Shi X, Wu S. SLC34A2 Regulates the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Human Osteosarcoma Cells Through PTEN/PI3K/AKT Signaling. DNA Cell Biol 2017; 36:775-780. [PMID: 28777670 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.3750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a bone malignancy with high incidence. The underlying molecular mechanisms that are associated with the development of OS need further investigation. In this study, we showed that SLC34A2, a member of the solute carrier gene family, was significantly downregulated in OS patients and cell lines. Overexpression of SLC34A2 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells. Mechanistically, we found that SLC34A2 interacted with PTEN, and inactivated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, our results demonstrated that SLC34A2 plays important roles in regulating the cancer cell growth of OS. The downregulation of SLC34A2 in OS patients suggested that it might be a promising target in the diagnosis and therapy of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University , Nanjing China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University , Nanjing China
| | - Haidong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University , Nanjing China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University , Nanjing China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University , Nanjing China
| | - Sujia Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University , Nanjing China
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Peng Q, Wang X, Wu K, Liu K, Wang S, Chen X. Irisin attenuates H 2O 2-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes via microRNA-19b/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:7707-7717. [PMID: 31966617 PMCID: PMC6965300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Irisin, a novel muscle-secreted peptide, has been proposed to play a potential role in improving myocardial remodeling that leads to impaired myocardial function and heart failure. It has been reported that controlling reactive oxygen species (ROS) exposure could increase cardiomyocyte survival and prevent pathological remodeling of the myocardium. Therefore, we aimed to determine the potential protective effects of Irisin pretreatment against ROS in cardiomyocytes and explored the potential mechanisms. H9c2 cells that were subjected to H2O2 in vitro were used to mimic myocardial remodeling. Then, the effects of Irisin on myocardial cell proliferation, apoptosis and cellular ROS levels were evaluated during this process by using MTT assay, flow cytometry analysis and 2'7'-Dichloro fluoresc in diacetate (DCFH-DA). In order to determine whether Irisin could regulate any microRNA (miRNA) during this process, six miRNAs that are known to be involved in apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were assessed by qRT-PCR. The protective effects of Irisin on cardiomyocytes mediated by miR-19b were evaluated by detecting cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, the potential target of miR-19b was predicted with bioinformatics tools and verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay. Finally, the protein levels of members of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/signaling pathway were also examined by Western Blot. Our study showed that Irisin treatment improved H2O2-induced cell viability and attenuated the levels of intracellular ROS and the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in a dose-dependent manner. We also demonstrated that Irisin promoted cell viability and inhibited cell apoptosis via upregulating miR-19b expression. In addition, PTEN was identified as a functional target gene of miR-19b that was responsible for its anti-apoptotic effects in cardiomyocytes. Further study demonstrated that Irisin-regulated miR-19b could reactivate the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway blocked by H2O2 in H9c2 cells. We demonstrated that Irisin strongly enhances cellular proliferation and preventsapoptosis of cardiomyocytes as well as attenuates the levels of intracellular ROS induced by H2O2. These effects might be mediated through the miR-19b/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which provide a new insight into the mechanism by which Irisin may have beneficial effect on myocardial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Peng
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Si Wang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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