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Cabello MC, Chen G, Melville MJ, Osman R, Kumar GD, Domaille DW, Lippert AR. Ex Tenebris Lux: Illuminating Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species with Small Molecule Probes. Chem Rev 2024; 124:9225-9375. [PMID: 39137397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are small reactive molecules derived from elements in the air─oxygen and nitrogen. They are produced in biological systems to mediate fundamental aspects of cellular signaling but must be very tightly balanced to prevent indiscriminate damage to biological molecules. Small molecule probes can transmute the specific nature of each reactive oxygen and nitrogen species into an observable luminescent signal (or even an acoustic wave) to offer sensitive and selective imaging in living cells and whole animals. This review focuses specifically on small molecule probes for superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite, nitric oxide, and peroxynitrite that provide a luminescent or photoacoustic signal. Important background information on general photophysical phenomena, common probe designs, mechanisms, and imaging modalities will be provided, and then, probes for each analyte will be thoroughly evaluated. A discussion of the successes of the field will be presented, followed by recommendations for improvement and a future outlook of emerging trends. Our objectives are to provide an informative, useful, and thorough field guide to small molecule probes for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as well as important context to compare the ecosystem of chemistries and molecular scaffolds that has manifested within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maidileyvis C Cabello
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - Gen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - Michael J Melville
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Rokia Osman
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - G Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Dylan W Domaille
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Alexander R Lippert
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
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Chowdhury P, Lu ZY, Su SP, Liu MH, Lin CY, Wang MW, Luo YC, Lee YJ, Chiang HK, Chan YH. Ultrabright Dibenzofluoran-Based Polymer Dots with NIR-IIa Emission Maxima and Unusual Large Stokes Shifts for 3D Rotational Stereo Imaging. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400606. [PMID: 38683681 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Emerging organic molecules with emissions in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) region are garnering significant attention. Unfortunately, achieving accountable organic emission intensity over the NIR-IIa (1300 nm) region faces challenges due to the intrinsic energy gap law. Up to the current stage, all reported organic NIR-IIa emitters belong to polymethine-based dyes with small Stokes shifts (<50 nm) and low quantum yield (QY; ≤0.015%). However, such polymethines have proved to cause self-absorption with constrained emission brightness, limiting advanced development in deep-tissue imaging. Here a new NIR-IIa scaffold based on rigid and highly conjugated dibenzofluoran core terminated by amino-containing moieties that reveal emission peaks of 1230-1305 nm is designed. The QY is at least 10 times higher than all synthesized or reported NIR-IIa polymethines with extraordinarily large Stokes shifts of 370-446 nm. DBF-BJ is further prepared as a polymer dot to demonstrate its in vivo 3D stereo imaging of mouse vasculature with a 1400 nm long-pass filter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Chowdhury
- Department of Applied Chemistry/Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30050, Taiwan
| | - Zhao-Yu Lu
- Department of Applied Chemistry/Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30050, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Po Su
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Huan Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry/Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30050, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry/Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30050, Taiwan
| | - Man-Wen Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry/Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30050, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chi Luo
- Department of Applied Chemistry/Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30050, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, School of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Huihua Kenny Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hsiang Chan
- Department of Applied Chemistry/Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30050, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
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Zhang W, Fan W, Wang X, Li P, Zhang W, Wang H, Tang B. Uncovering Endoplasmic Reticulum Superoxide Regulating Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Dynamic Reversible Fluorescence Imaging. Anal Chem 2023; 95:8367-8375. [PMID: 37200499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a relatively common complication of liver resection and transplantation that is intimately connected to oxidative stress. The superoxide anion radical (O2•-), as the first reactive oxygen species produced by organisms, is an important marker of HIRI. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an essential site for O2•- production, especially ER oxidative stress, which is closely linked to HIRI. Thus, dynamic variations in ER O2•- may accurately indicate the HIRI extent. However, there is still a lack of tools for the dynamic reversible detection of ER O2•-. Therefore, we designed and prepared an ER-targeted fluorescent reversible probe DPC for real-time tracing of O2•- fluctuations. We successfully observed a marked increase in ER O2•- levels in HIRI mice. A potential NADPH oxidase 4-ER O2•--SERCA2b-caspase 4 signaling pathway in HIRI mice was also revealed. Attractively, DPC was successfully used for precise fluorescent navigation and excision of HIRI sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Fan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
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4
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Chen S, Fan W, Sun Z, Zheng E, Wang L, Wu Y, Hou S, Ma X. Acetyl group assisted rapid intramolecular recognition of hydrogen peroxide: A novel promising approach for efficient hydrogen peroxide probe. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 276:121162. [PMID: 35397454 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a vital biomolecule, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is involved in many physiological and pathological processes. Therefore, it is important to detect H2O2 in vivo conveniently and efficiently. In this paper, we report a new method of nucleophilic addition of H2O2 to the acetyl group to promote the rapid intramolecular reaction, which can be used to develop an efficient H2O2 probe. Based on this unique auxiliary recognition part, a fluorescent probe for H2O2 detection was designed and synthesized. This probe has the advantages of high sensitivity (limits of detection 7.0 × 10-8 M or even lower.), fast response (within 3 min) and large Stokes shift (225 nm), which not only can monitor exogenous and endogenous H2O2 in cells but also successfully achieves the change of endogenous H2O2 level caused by drug sexual organ injury in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Chen
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wenkang Fan
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhen Sun
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - En Zheng
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Shicong Hou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Recent Advances in Electrochemical Sensing of Hydrogen Peroxide (H 2O 2) Released from Cancer Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091475. [PMID: 35564184 PMCID: PMC9103167 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is by far the most common cause of death worldwide. There are more than 200 types of cancer known hitherto depending upon the origin and type. Early diagnosis of cancer provides better disease prognosis and the best chance for a cure. This fact prompts world-leading scientists and clinicians to develop techniques for the early detection of cancer. Thus, less morbidity and lower mortality rates are envisioned. The latest advancements in the diagnosis of cancer utilizing nanotechnology have manifested encouraging results. Cancerous cells are well known for their substantial amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The common methods for the detection of H2O2 include colorimetry, titration, chromatography, spectrophotometry, fluorimetry, and chemiluminescence. These methods commonly lack selectivity, sensitivity, and reproducibility and have prolonged analytical time. New biosensors are reported to circumvent these obstacles. The production of detectable amounts of H2O2 by cancerous cells has promoted the use of bio- and electrochemical sensors because of their high sensitivity, selectivity, robustness, and miniaturized point-of-care cancer diagnostics. Thus, this review will emphasize the principles, analytical parameters, advantages, and disadvantages of the latest electrochemical biosensors in the detection of H2O2. It will provide a summary of the latest technological advancements of biosensors based on potentiometric, impedimetric, amperometric, and voltammetric H2O2 detection. Moreover, it will critically describe the classification of biosensors based on the material, nature, conjugation, and carbon-nanocomposite electrodes for rapid and effective detection of H2O2, which can be useful in the early detection of cancerous cells.
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7
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Tsubaki K, Yamashita H, Minari C, Azuma E, Kuramochi K, Imayoshi A. Synthesis and Optical Properties of L-Shaped Dinaphthofluoresceins with Two Peripheral Hydroxy Groups. HETEROCYCLES 2020. [DOI: 10.3987/com-19-s(f)44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Zhang Y, Bai L, Liu F, Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Zhang H, Ba X. A novel fluorescent glycopolymer for endogenous hydrogen peroxide imaging in living cells in a fully aqueous environment. Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-019-0290-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important molecule within the human body, but many of its roles in physiology and pathophysiology are not well understood. To better understand the importance of H2O2 in biological systems, it is essential that researchers are able to quantify this reactive species in various settings, including in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo systems. This review covers a broad range of H2O2 sensors that have been used in biological systems, highlighting advancements that have taken place since 2015.
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10
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Fernandez A, Thompson EJ, Pollard JW, Kitamura T, Vendrell M. A Fluorescent Activatable AND‐Gate Chemokine CCL2 Enables In Vivo Detection of Metastasis‐Associated Macrophages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Fernandez
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Emily J. Thompson
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Jeffrey W. Pollard
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthThe University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Takanori Kitamura
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthThe University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
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11
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Fernandez A, Thompson EJ, Pollard JW, Kitamura T, Vendrell M. A Fluorescent Activatable AND-Gate Chemokine CCL2 Enables In Vivo Detection of Metastasis-Associated Macrophages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16894-16898. [PMID: 31535788 PMCID: PMC6900180 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the novel chemical design of fluorescent activatable chemokines as highly specific functional probes for imaging subpopulations of immune cells in live tumours. Activatable chemokines behave as AND-gates since they emit only after receptor binding and intracellular activation, showing enhanced selectivity over existing agents. We have applied this strategy to produce mCCL2-MAF as the first probe for in vivo detection of metastasis-associated macrophages in a preclinical model of lung metastasis. This strategy will accelerate the preparation of new chemokine-based probes for imaging immune cell function in tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Fernandez
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of Edinburgh47 Little France CrescentEH16 4TJEdinburghUK
| | - Emily J. Thompson
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of Edinburgh47 Little France CrescentEH16 4TJEdinburghUK
| | - Jeffrey W. Pollard
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthThe University of Edinburgh47 Little France CrescentEH16 4TJEdinburghUK
| | - Takanori Kitamura
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthThe University of Edinburgh47 Little France CrescentEH16 4TJEdinburghUK
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of Edinburgh47 Little France CrescentEH16 4TJEdinburghUK
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12
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Ando N, Soutome H, Yamaguchi S. Near-infrared fluorescein dyes containing a tricoordinate boron atom. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7816-7821. [PMID: 31588332 PMCID: PMC6764465 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02314c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tricoordinate boron imparts near-infrared absorption/emission and unusual multi-stage changes in the photophysical properties to fluorescein dyes.
Bora-fluoresceins (BFs), fluorescein analogues containing a tricoordinate boron atom instead of an oxygen atom at the 10-position of the fluorescein skeleton, were synthesized as a new family of fluorescein analogues. The deprotonated BFs exhibited absorption and fluorescence in the near-infrared region, which were significantly red-shifted relative to those of hitherto-known heteroatom-substituted fluorescein analogues on account of the orbital interaction between the tricoordinate boron atom and the fluorescein skeleton. BFs also showed multi-stage changes resulting from a Lewis acid–base equilibrium at the boron center in combination with a Brønsted acid–base equilibrium at the phenolic hydroxy group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ando
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science , Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) , Nagoya University , Furo, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8602 , Japan .
| | - Hiroki Soutome
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science , Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) , Nagoya University , Furo, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8602 , Japan .
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science , Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) , Nagoya University , Furo, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8602 , Japan . .,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) , Nagoya University , Furo, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8602 , Japan
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Peiró Cadahía J, Previtali V, Troelsen NS, Clausen MH. Prodrug strategies for targeted therapy triggered by reactive oxygen species. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1531-1549. [PMID: 31673314 PMCID: PMC6786010 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00169g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been associated with numerous pathophysiological conditions including cancer and inflammation and the ROS stimulus constitutes a potential trigger for drug delivery strategies. Over the past decade, a number of ROS-sensitive functionalities have been identified with the purpose of introducing disease-targeting properties into small molecule drugs - a prodrug strategy that offers a promising approach for increasing the selectivity and efficacy of treatments. This review will provide an overview of the ROS-responsive prodrugs developed to date. A discussion on the current progress and limitations is provided along with a reflection on the unanswered questions that need to be addressed in order to advance this novel approach to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Viola Previtali
- Center for Nanomedicine & Theranostics , Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , Kemitorvet 207 , DK 2800 , Kongens Lyngby , Denmark .
| | - Nikolaj S Troelsen
- Center for Nanomedicine & Theranostics , Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , Kemitorvet 207 , DK 2800 , Kongens Lyngby , Denmark .
| | - Mads H Clausen
- Center for Nanomedicine & Theranostics , Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , Kemitorvet 207 , DK 2800 , Kongens Lyngby , Denmark .
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14
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Zheng DJ, Yang YS, Zhu HL. Recent progress in the development of small-molecule fluorescent probes for the detection of hydrogen peroxide. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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15
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Chen K, Chou W, Liu L, Cui Y, Xue P, Jia M. Electrochemical Sensors Fabricated by Electrospinning Technology: An Overview. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E3676. [PMID: 31450877 PMCID: PMC6749235 DOI: 10.3390/s19173676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanofibers or nanofibrous membranes prepared by electrospinning possess many attractive properties, including excellent mechanical properties, high specific surface area and high porosity, making them attractive for sensor application, especially for the electrochemical sensors. Many nanomaterials are used as additives to improve the conductivity, sensitivity and selectivity of sensors. Based on the different modifiers of electrode materials, electrochemical sensors can be divided into enzyme sensors and non-enzyme sensors. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of the electrochemical sensors fabricated by electrospinning, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensors, glucose sensors and other sensors. In addition, the sensing mechanisms of various electrochemical sensors are introduced in detail. Finally, future research directions of electrochemical sensors based on electrospinning and the challenges faced by large-scale applications of electrospun electrochemical sensors are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Weimin Chou
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lichao Liu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yonghui Cui
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ping Xue
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mingyin Jia
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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16
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Liu Y, Jiao C, Lu W, Zhang P, Wang Y. Research progress in the development of organic small molecule fluorescent probes for detecting H 2O 2. RSC Adv 2019; 9:18027-18041. [PMID: 35520548 PMCID: PMC9064630 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02467k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as an important signaling molecule during biological metabolism, is a key member of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) family. The excess of H2O2 will lead to oxidative stress, which is a crucial factor in the production of various ROS-related diseases. In order to study the diverse biological roles of H2O2 in cells and animal tissues, many methods have been developed to detect H2O2. Recently, fluorescence imaging has attracted more and more attention because of its high sensitivity, simple operation, experimental feasibility, and real-time online monitoring. Based on the response group, this study will review the research progress on hydrogen peroxide and summarizes the mechanisms, actualities and prospects of fluorescent probes for H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250200 Shandong China
- Institute of MateriaMedica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province Jinan 250062 Shandong China
| | - Chunpeng Jiao
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250200 Shandong China
- Institute of MateriaMedica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province Jinan 250062 Shandong China
| | - Wenjuan Lu
- Institute of MateriaMedica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province Jinan 250062 Shandong China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Institute of MateriaMedica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province Jinan 250062 Shandong China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Institute of MateriaMedica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province Jinan 250062 Shandong China
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17
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Zhai B, Hu W, Hao R, Ni W, Liu Z. Development of a ratiometric two-photon fluorescent probe for imaging of hydrogen peroxide in ischemic brain injury. Analyst 2019; 144:5965-5970. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01326a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel ratiometric two-photon fluorescent probe for tracking H2O2 in BV-2 cells and brain tissue. This work will help to understand the relationship between the hypoxic-ischemic process and H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoping Zhai
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou
- China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Ruilin Hao
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou
- China
| | - Wenjing Ni
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou
- China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
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18
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Zielonka J, Kalyanaraman B. Small-molecule luminescent probes for the detection of cellular oxidizing and nitrating species. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 128:3-22. [PMID: 29567392 PMCID: PMC6146080 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in both pathogenic cellular damage events and physiological cellular redox signaling and regulation. To unravel the biological role of ROS, it is very important to be able to detect and identify the species involved. In this review, we introduce the reader to the methods of detection of ROS using luminescent (fluorescent, chemiluminescent, and bioluminescent) probes and discuss typical limitations of those probes. We review the most widely used probes, state-of-the-art assays, and the new, promising approaches for rigorous detection and identification of superoxide radical anion, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxynitrite. The combination of real-time monitoring of the dynamics of ROS in cells and the identification of the specific products formed from the probes will reveal the role of specific types of ROS in cellular function and dysfunction. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involving ROS may help with the development of new therapeutics for several diseases involving dysregulated cellular redox status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States.
| | - Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States; Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
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19
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Jiang X, Wang L, Carroll SL, Chen J, Wang MC, Wang J. Challenges and Opportunities for Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes in Redox Biology Applications. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:518-540. [PMID: 29320869 PMCID: PMC6056262 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The concentrations of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are critical to various biochemical processes. Small-molecule fluorescent probes have been widely used to detect and/or quantify ROS/RNS in many redox biology studies and serve as an important complementary to protein-based sensors with unique applications. Recent Advances: New sensing reactions have emerged in probe development, allowing more selective and quantitative detection of ROS/RNS, especially in live cells. Improvements have been made in sensing reactions, fluorophores, and bioavailability of probe molecules. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review, we will not only summarize redox-related small-molecule fluorescent probes but also lay out the challenges of designing probes to help redox biologists independently evaluate the quality of reported small-molecule fluorescent probes, especially in the chemistry literature. We specifically highlight the advantages of reversibility in sensing reactions and its applications in ratiometric probe design for quantitative measurements in living cells. In addition, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of small-molecule probes and protein-based probes. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The low physiological relevant concentrations of most ROS/RNS call for new sensing reactions with better selectivity, kinetics, and reversibility; fluorophores with high quantum yield, wide wavelength coverage, and Stokes shifts; and structural design with good aqueous solubility, membrane permeability, low protein interference, and organelle specificity. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 518-540.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqian Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Lingfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Shaina L. Carroll
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jianwei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Meng C. Wang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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20
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Ni Y, Liu H, Dai D, Mu X, Xu J, Shao S. Chromogenic, Fluorescent, and Redox Sensors for Multichannel Imaging and Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide in Living Cell Systems. Anal Chem 2018; 90:10152-10158. [PMID: 30058328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important reactive oxygen species (ROS). Maintaining the H2O2 concentration at a normal level is critical to achieve the normal physiological activities of cells, which otherwise might trigger various diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new and practical multisignaling sensors for both visualization of intracellular H2O2 and accurate detection of extracellular H2O2. In this paper, a novel multichannel signaling fluorescence-electrochemistry combined probe 1 (FE-H2O2) is presented for imaging and detection of H2O2 in living cell systems. In our design, the probe FE-H2O2 consists of a H2O2 reaction site and 4-ferrocenyl(vinyl)pyridine unit which affords chromogenic, fluorescent, and electrochemical signals. These structural motifs yield a combined chromogenic, fluorescent, and redox sensor in a single molecule. Probe FE-H2O2 showed a "Turn-On" fluorescence response to H2O2, which can be used for monitoring intracellular H2O2 in vivo. Furthermore, the electrochemical response of probe FE-H2O2 was decreased after the addition of H2O2, which can be applied for accurate detection of H2O2 released from living cells. When the fluorescence imaging method is combined with electrochemical analysis technology, it is hopeful that the well-designed multimodule probe can serve as a practical tool for understanding the metabolism and homeostasis of H2O2 in a complex biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ni
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , P. R. China
| | - Di Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , P. R. China
| | - Xiqiong Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , P. R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , P. R. China
| | - Shijun Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , P. R. China
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21
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Hu Y, Gao X, Li X, Liang H, Zhang D, Liu C. The application of flavonoid derivatives as redox-responsive fluorescent probes in hydrophobic microenvironment. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B: CHEMICAL 2018; 262:144-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2018.01.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
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22
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Wang J, Zhou C, Liu W, Zhang J, Zhu X, Liu X, Wang Q, Zhang H. A near-infrared fluorescent probe based on chloroacetate modified naphthofluorescein for selectively detecting cysteine/homocysteine and its application in living cells. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 15:1393-1399. [PMID: 27714261 DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00219f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared a near-infrared (NIR) turn-on fluorescent probe (NFC) based on chloroacetate modified naphthofluorescein for specific detection of cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcy) over glutathione (GSH) and other amino acids (AAs) with the detection limits of 0.30 μM and 0.42 μM, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of the naphthofluorescein (NF) chromophore is modulated by an internal charge transfer (ICT) process. The probe NFC is readily available and weakly fluorescent, but of observably enhanced fluorescence after reacting with Cys or Hcy. We assumed and then demonstrated that the fluorescence off-on process involves a conjugate nucleophilic substitution/cyclization sequence. Furthermore, the probe has been successfully applied for detecting the total content of Cys and Hcy in human plasma and imaging in living cells with low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Jianjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Xinyue Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
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23
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Kumari B, Adhikari S, Matalobos JS, Das D. Cu(II) and Co(II) complexes of benzimidazole derivative: Structures, catecholase like activities and interaction studies with hydrogen peroxide. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Possibilities and Challenges for Quantitative Optical Sensing of Hydrogen Peroxide. CHEMOSENSORS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors5040028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Xie X, Yang X, Wu T, Li Y, Li M, Tan Q, Wang X, Tang B. Rational Design of an α-Ketoamide-Based Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe Specific for Hydrogen Peroxide in Living Systems. Anal Chem 2016; 88:8019-25. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xilei Xie
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in
Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes,
Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean
Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Xiu’e Yang
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in
Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes,
Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean
Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Tianhong Wu
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in
Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes,
Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean
Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in
Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes,
Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean
Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in
Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes,
Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean
Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Qi Tan
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in
Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes,
Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean
Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in
Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes,
Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean
Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
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26
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Kolanowski JL, Kaur A, New EJ. Selective and Reversible Approaches Toward Imaging Redox Signaling Using Small-Molecule Probes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 24:713-30. [PMID: 26607478 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Recent research has identified key roles for reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in redox signaling, but much remains to be uncovered. Molecular imaging tools to study these processes must not only be selective to enable identification of the ROS/RNS involved but also reversible to distinguish signaling processes from oxidative stress. Fluorescent sensors offer the potential to image such processes with high spatial and temporal resolution. RECENT ADVANCES A broad array of strategies has been developed that enable the selective sensing of ROS/RNS. More recently, attention has turned to the design of reversible small-molecule sensors of global redox state, with a further set of probes capable of reversible sensing of individual ROS/RNS. CRITICAL ISSUES In this study, we discuss the key challenges in achieving simultaneous detection of reversible oxidative bursts with unambiguous determination of a particular ROS/RNS. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We have highlighted key design features of small-molecule probes that show promise in enabling the study of redox signaling, identifying essential parameters that must be assessed for any new probe. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 24, 713-730.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek L Kolanowski
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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27
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Zhang K, Wu W, Li Y, Sun M, Yu H, Wong MS. Carbazole-based two-photon fluorescent probe for selective imaging of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide in living cells and tissues. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21260c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The two-photon imaging in living cells and tissue demonstrated that the prepared probe possessed high specificity for mitochondrial H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Hong Kong Baptist University
- People's Republic of China
- College of Preclinical Medicine
- Southwest Medical University
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yinhui Li
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
- People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Mingtai Sun
- Institute of Intelligent Machines
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Hefei
- People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Yu
- Institute of Intelligent Machines
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Hefei
- People's Republic of China
| | - Man Shing Wong
- Department of Chemistry
- Hong Kong Baptist University
- People's Republic of China
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28
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Sezukuri K, Suzuki M, Hayashi H, Kuzuhara D, Aratani N, Yamada H. A laterally π-expanded fluorone dye as an efficient near infrared fluorophore. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:4872-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00237d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
FBX in DMSO displays remarkably red-shifted and sharp absorption and fluorescence bands at 817 nm and 853 nm, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Sezukuri
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- Ikoma
- Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Suzuki
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- Ikoma
- Japan
| | - Hironobu Hayashi
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- Ikoma
- Japan
| | - Daiki Kuzuhara
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- Ikoma
- Japan
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- Ikoma
- Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- Ikoma
- Japan
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29
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Xu Z, Xu L. Fluorescent probes for the selective detection of chemical species inside mitochondria. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:1094-119. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09248e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This feature article systematically summarizes the development of fluorescent probes for the selective detection of chemical species inside mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Remediation Technology
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
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30
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Fernández A, Vendrell M. Smart fluorescent probes for imaging macrophage activity. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:1182-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00567a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Smart fluorescent probes for macrophage activity make use of a broad range of chemical architectures to target different molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Fernández
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research
- Queen's Medical Research Institute
- The University of Edinburgh
- EH16 4TJ Edinburgh
- UK
| | - Marc Vendrell
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research
- Queen's Medical Research Institute
- The University of Edinburgh
- EH16 4TJ Edinburgh
- UK
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31
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Yan JW, Zhu JY, Tan QF, Zhou LF, Yao PF, Lu YT, Tan JH, Zhang L. Development of a colorimetric and NIR fluorescent dual probe for carbon monoxide. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14409h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the first example of colorimetric and near-infrared fluorescent dual probe for carbon monoxide (CO) has been developed by assembling allyl chloroformate moiety with naphthofluorescein fluorophore, which enables the label-free and visual detection of CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-wu Yan
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Jia-ying Zhu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Qi-feng Tan
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Lin-fu Zhou
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Pei-fen Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Yu-ting Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Jia-heng Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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32
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Heo J, Lim CK, Kim Y, Cho HJ, Lee YD, Maeng JH, Ahn DR, Lee S, Bang J, Park SY, Kim S. Fluorogenic nanoreactor assembly with boosted sensing kinetics for timely imaging of cellular hydrogen peroxide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:1131-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06387f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscopic catalysis: a reactor-like nanoprobe with enzyme-like boosted sensing kinetics is reported.
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33
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Moon SY, Howarth AJ, Wang T, Vermeulen NA, Hupp JT, Farha OK. A visually detectable pH responsive zirconium metal–organic framework. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:3438-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc10384c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A functionalized MOF, NU-1000–CNF, shows simultaneous hydrolysis of nerve agent simulants while visually sensing the acid byproducts produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Young Moon
- Department of Chemistry
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
- USA
| | | | - Timothy Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
- USA
| | | | - Joseph T. Hupp
- Department of Chemistry
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
- USA
| | - Omar K. Farha
- Department of Chemistry
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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34
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Qiao J, Liu Z, Tian Y, Wu M, Niu Z. Multifunctional self-assembled polymeric nanoprobes for FRET-based ratiometric detection of mitochondrial H2O2 in living cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:3641-4. [PMID: 25642908 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09120e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A ratiometric, multifunctional nanoprobe was prepared consisting of a self-assembled polymeric micelle as the carrier, tetraphenylethene (TPE) as the donor, fluorescent boronate as the H2O2-responsive acceptor, and triphenylphosphonium as a mitochondria-targeted moiety. The assembled nanoparticles could detect both exogenous and endogenous mitochondrial H2O2 changes in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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35
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Qian Z, Dougherty PG, Pei D. Monitoring the cytosolic entry of cell-penetrating peptides using a pH-sensitive fluorophore. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:2162-5. [PMID: 25554998 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09441g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We report a simple, effective method to assess the cytosolic delivery efficiency and kinetics of cell-penetrating peptides using a pH-sensitive fluorescent probe, naphthofluorescein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 484 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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36
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Xue S, Ding S, Zhai Q, Zhang H, Feng G. A readily available colorimetric and near-infrared fluorescent turn-on probe for rapid and selective detection of cysteine in living cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 68:316-321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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37
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Żamojć K, Zdrowowicz M, Jacewicz D, Wyrzykowski D, Chmurzyński L. Fluorescent Probes Used for Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide under Biological Conditions. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2015; 46:171-200. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2015.1014085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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38
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Zhang KM, Dou W, Li PX, Shen R, Ru JX, Liu W, Cui YM, Chen CY, Liu WS, Bai DC. A coumarin-based two-photon probe for hydrogen peroxide. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 64:542-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Tao R, Zhao J, Zhong F, Zhang C, Yang W, Xu K. H2O2-activated triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion via modulation of the fluorescence quantum yields of the triplet acceptor and the triplet–triplet-energy-transfer efficiency. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:12403-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04325e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
H2O2-activatable TTA upconversion was achieved with non-fluorescent 9,10-bis(diphenylphosphino)anthracene as a triplet acceptor/emitter, which can be oxidized to a fluorescent product by H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- P. R. China
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- P. R. China
| | - Caishun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- P. R. China
| | - Kejing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- P. R. China
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Xu J, Li Q, Yue Y, Guo Y, Shao S. A water-soluble BODIPY derivative as a highly selective “Turn-On” fluorescent sensor for H2O2 sensing in vivo. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 56:58-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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41
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Zscharnack K, Kreisig T, Prasse AA, Zuchner T. A luminescence-based probe for sensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide in seconds. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 834:51-7. [PMID: 24928245 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present a fast and simple hydrogen peroxide assay that is based on time-resolved fluorescence. The emission intensity of a complex consisting of terbium ions (Tb(3+)) and phthalic acid (PA) in HEPES buffer is quenched in the presence of H2O2 and this quenching is concentration-dependent. The novel PATb assay detects hydrogen peroxide at a pH range from 7.5 to 8.5 and with a detection limit of 150 nmol L(-1) at pH 8.5. The total assay time is less than 1 min. The linear range of the assay can be adapted by a pH adjustment of the aqueous buffer and covers a concentration range from 310 nmol L(-1) to 2.56 mmol L(-1) in total which encompasses four orders of magnitude. The assay is compatible with high concentrations of all 47 tested inorganic and organic compounds. The PATb assay was applied to quantify H2O2 in polluted river water samples. In conclusion, this fast and easy-to-use assay detects H2O2 with high sensitivity and precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Zscharnack
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Thomas Kreisig
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Agneta A Prasse
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Thole Zuchner
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig 04103, Germany; Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig 04103, Germany.
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42
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Liu C, Shao C, Wu H, Guo B, Zhu B, Zhang X. A fast-response, highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for the ratiometric imaging of hydrogen peroxide with a 100 nm red-shifted emission. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01039f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Du F, Min Y, Zeng F, Yu C, Wu S. A targeted and FRET-based ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe for imaging mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide in living cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:964-72. [PMID: 24108667 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201302036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is a prominent member of the reactive oxygen species family and plays crucial roles in living organisms, thus detecting H2 O2 and elucidating its biological functions has become an important area of biological and biomedical research. Herein, a multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobe is demonstrated for detecting mitochondrial H2 O2 . The nanoprobe is prepared by covalently linking a mitochondria-targeting ligand (triphenylphosphonium, TPP) and a H2 O2 recognition element (PFl) onto carbon dots (CDs). For this nanoprobe, the CD serves as the carrier and the FRET donor. In the presence of H2 O2 , the PFl moieties on a CD undergo structural and spectral conversion, affording the nanoplatform a FRET-based ratiometric probe for H2 O2 . The nanoprobe displays excellent water dispersibility, high sensitivity and selectivity, satisfactory cell permeability, and very low cytotoxicity. Following the living cell uptake, this nanoprobe can specifically target and stain the mitochondria; and it can detect the exogenous H2 O2 in L929 cells, as well as the endogenously produced mitochondrial H2 O2 in Raw 264.7 cells upon stimulation by PMA. This study shows that CDs can serve as promising nano-carriers for fabricating practical multifunctional fluorescent nanosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangkai Du
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
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Wei C, Zhu Q, Liu W, Chen W, Xi Z, Yi L. NBD-based colorimetric and fluorescent turn-on probes for hydrogen sulfide. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 12:479-85. [PMID: 24276473 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41870g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important endogenous signalling molecule and also an important environmental target for detection. New reaction-based colorimetric and fluorescent turn-on probes based on selective thiolyling of NBD (7-nitro-1,2,3-benzoxadiazole) ether were explored for sensing of H2S in aqueous buffer. The syntheses of both probes are simple and quite straightforward. The probes are highly sensitive and selective toward H2S over other biologically relevant species. Probe 1 can be used to directly visualize H2S by the naked eye and shows more than 1000-fold fluorescence increase upon reaction with H2S. Probe 2 is a near-infrared fluorescent sensor for H2S at physiological pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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45
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Chen CY, Chen CT. Reaction-based and single fluorescent emitter decorated ratiometric nanoprobe to detect hydrogen peroxide. Chemistry 2013; 19:16050-7. [PMID: 24123627 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel reaction-based cross-linked polymeric nanoprobe with a self-calibrating ratiometric fluorescence readout to selectively detect H2O2 is reported. The polymeric nanoprobe is fabricated by using hydrophobic H2O2-reactive boronic ester groups, crosslinker units, and environmentally sensitive 3-hydroxyflavone fluorophores through a miniemulsion polymerization. On treatment with H2O2, the boronic esters in the polymer are cleaved to form hydrophilic alcohols and subsequently lead to a hydrophobic-hydrophilic transition. Covalently linked 3-hydroxyflavones manifest the change in polarity as a ratiometric transition from green to blue, accompanied by a 500-fold increase in volume. Furthermore, this nanoprobe has been used for ratiometric sensing of glucose by monitoring the H2O2 generated during the oxidation of glucose by glucose oxidase, and thus successfully distinguished between normal and pathological levels of glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan (R.O.C.), Fax: (+886) 2-23636359
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46
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Li X, Gao X, Shi W, Ma H. Design strategies for water-soluble small molecular chromogenic and fluorogenic probes. Chem Rev 2013; 114:590-659. [PMID: 24024656 DOI: 10.1021/cr300508p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1195] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
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47
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Fan L, Liu Q, Lu D, Shi H, Yang Y, Li Y, Dong C, Shuang S. A novel far-visible and near-infrared pH probe for monitoring near-neutral physiological pH changes: imaging in live cells. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:4281-4288. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20547a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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48
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Wang S, Li N, Pan W, Tang B. Advances in functional fluorescent and luminescent probes for imaging intracellular small-molecule reactive species. Trends Analyt Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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49
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Azuma E, Nakamura N, Kuramochi K, Sasamori T, Tokitoh N, Sagami I, Tsubaki K. Exhaustive Syntheses of Naphthofluoresceins and Their Functions. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3492-500. [DOI: 10.1021/jo300177b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Azuma
- Graduate School of Life and
Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Naoko Nakamura
- Graduate School of Life and
Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Kouji Kuramochi
- Graduate School of Life and
Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sasamori
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Norihiro Tokitoh
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Ikuko Sagami
- Graduate School of Life and
Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Kazunori Tsubaki
- Graduate School of Life and
Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
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50
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Fan L, Fu YJ, Liu QL, Lu DT, Dong C, Shuang SM. Novel far-visible and near-infrared pH probes based on styrylcyanine for imaging intracellular pH in live cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:11202-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc35363f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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