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Yadav AK, Zhao Z, Weng Y, Gardner SH, Brady CJ, Pichardo Peguero OD, Chan J. Hydrolysis-Resistant Ester-Based Linkers for Development of Activity-Based NIR Bioluminescence Probes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1460-1469. [PMID: 36603103 PMCID: PMC10120059 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Activity-based sensing (ABS) probes equipped with a NIR bioluminescence readout are promising chemical tools to study cancer biomarkers owing to their high sensitivity and deep tissue compatibility. Despite the demand, there is a dearth of such probes because NIR substrates (e.g., BL660 (a NIR luciferin analog)) are not equipped with an appropriate attachment site for ABS trigger installation. For instance, our attempts to mask the carboxylic acid moiety with standard self-immolative benzyl linkers resulted in significant background signals owing to undesirable ester hydrolysis. In this study, we overcame this longstanding challenge by rationally designing a new hydrolysis-resistant ester-based linker featuring an isopropyl shielding arm. Compared to the parent, the new design is 140.5-fold and 67.8-fold more resistant toward spontaneous and esterase-mediated hydrolysis, respectively. Likewise, we observed minimal cleavage of the ester moiety when incubated with a panel of enzymes possessing ester-hydrolyzing activity. These impressive in vitro results were corroborated through a series of key experiments in live cells. Further, we showcased the utility of this technology by developing the first NIR bioluminescent probe for nitroreductase (NTR) activity and applied it to visualize elevated NTR expression in oxygen deficient lung cancer cells and in a murine model of non-small cell lung cancer. The ability to monitor the activity of this key biomarker in a deep tissue context is critical because it is associated with tumor hypoxia, which in turn is linked to drug resistance and aggressive cancer phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Zhenxiang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yourong Weng
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Sarah H Gardner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Catharine J Brady
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Oliver D Pichardo Peguero
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Yadav AK, Lee MC, Lucero MY, Su S, Reinhardt CJ, Chan J. Activity-Based NIR Bioluminescence Probe Enables Discovery of Diet-Induced Modulation of the Tumor Microenvironment via Nitric Oxide. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:461-472. [PMID: 35505872 PMCID: PMC9052803 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays a critical role in acute and chronic inflammation. NO's contributions to cancer are of particular interest due to its context-dependent bioactivities. For example, immune cells initially produce cytotoxic quantities of NO in response to the nascent tumor. However, it is believed that this fades over time and reaches a concentration that supports the tumor microenvironment (TME). These complex dynamics are further complicated by other factors, such as diet and oxygenation, making it challenging to establish a complete picture of NO's impact on tumor progression. Although many activity-based sensing (ABS) probes for NO have been developed, only a small fraction have been employed in vivo, and fewer yet are practical in cancer models where the NO concentration is <200 nM. To overcome this outstanding challenge, we have developed BL660-NO, the first ABS probe for NIR bioluminescence imaging of NO in cancer. Owing to the low intrinsic background, high sensitivity, and deep tissue imaging capabilities of our design, BL660-NO was successfully employed to visualize endogenous NO in cellular systems, a human liver metastasis model, and a murine breast cancer model. Importantly, its exceptional performance facilitated two dietary studies which examine the impact of fat intake on NO and the TME. BL660-NO provides the first direct molecular evidence that intratumoral NO becomes elevated in mice fed a high-fat diet, which became obese with larger tumors, compared to control animals on a low-fat diet. These results indicate that an inflammatory diet can increase NO production via recruitment of macrophages and overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase which in turn can drive tumor progression.
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Optical substrates for drug-metabolizing enzymes: Recent advances and future perspectives. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1068-1099. [PMID: 35530147 PMCID: PMC9069481 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), a diverse group of enzymes responsible for the metabolic elimination of drugs and other xenobiotics, have been recognized as the critical determinants to drug safety and efficacy. Deciphering and understanding the key roles of individual DMEs in drug metabolism and toxicity, as well as characterizing the interactions of central DMEs with xenobiotics require reliable, practical and highly specific tools for sensing the activities of these enzymes in biological systems. In the last few decades, the scientists have developed a variety of optical substrates for sensing human DMEs, parts of them have been successfully used for studying target enzyme(s) in tissue preparations and living systems. Herein, molecular design principals and recent advances in the development and applications of optical substrates for human DMEs have been reviewed systematically. Furthermore, the challenges and future perspectives in this field are also highlighted. The presented information offers a group of practical approaches and imaging tools for sensing DMEs activities in complex biological systems, which strongly facilitates high-throughput screening the modulators of target DMEs and studies on drug/herb‒drug interactions, as well as promotes the fundamental researches for exploring the relevance of DMEs to human diseases and drug treatment outcomes.
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Yang X, Qin X, Ji H, Du L, Li M. Constructing firefly luciferin bioluminescence probes for in vivo imaging. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1360-1372. [PMID: 35080225 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01940f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a widely applied visual approach for real-time detecting many physiological and pathological processes in a variety of biological systems. Based on the caging strategy, lots of bioluminescent probes have been well developed. While the targets react with recognizable groups, caged luciferins liberate luciferase substrates, which react with luciferase generating a bioluminescent response. Among the various bioluminescent systems, the most widely utilized bioluminescent system is the firefly luciferin system. The H and carboxylic acid of luciferin are critically caged sites. The introduced self-immolative linker extends the applications of probes. Firefly luciferin system probes have been successfully applied for analyzing physiological processes, monitoring the environment, diagnosing diseases, screening candidate drugs, and evaluating the therapeutic effect. Here, we systematically review the general design strategies of firefly luciferin bioluminescence probes and their applications. Bioluminescence probes provide a new approach for facilitating investigation in a diverse range of fields. It inspires us to explore more robust light emission luciferin and novel design strategies to develop bioluminescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingye Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Xiaojun Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Huimin Ji
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Lupei Du
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Zhu W, Yu H, Qian X, Lu K, Zhao C, Zhang Y, Wang HY, Liu Y. Near-infrared frequency upconversion probe for revealing the relationship between glutathione S-transferase and drug-resistance. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1181:338920. [PMID: 34556207 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance poses an enormous challenge for successful chemotherapy. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) has been confirmed to be involved in the progression of drug resistance to some anticancer drugs, thus revealing that the role of GST in anticancer drug resistance is necessary. Herein, by taking advantage of frequency upconversion luminescence (FUCL) technology, we reported an FUCL probe (NRh-NDs) that can detect GST based on a rhodamine derivative structure decorated with a 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl group (NDs). The NRh-NDs showed excellent sensitivity and high selectivity for GST and released the emissive dye NRh-NH2, which showed emission and excitation wavelengths in vitro of 820 nm and 850 nm, respectively. The NRh-NDs probe successfully tested endogenic GST in U87, MCF-7 and A549 cells. The cell data showed that the increased levels of GST were positively related to cisplatin resistance but not to 5-fluorouracil resistance. These results suggested that the probe could be used as a visual tool to reveal the cause of drug resistance for cisplatin resistance in cancer treatment. Furthermore, it may serve as an effective tool to confirm the mechanism of antitumor drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China; School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Hui Yu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xiaoli Qian
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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Takakura H. Molecular Design of d-Luciferin-Based Bioluminescence and 1,2-Dioxetane-Based Chemiluminescence Substrates for Altered Output Wavelength and Detecting Various Molecules. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061618. [PMID: 33803935 PMCID: PMC7998607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical imaging including fluorescence and luminescence is the most popular method for the in vivo imaging in mice. Luminescence imaging is considered to be superior to fluorescence imaging due to the lack of both autofluorescence and the scattering of excitation light. To date, various luciferin analogs and bioluminescence probes have been developed for deep tissue and molecular imaging. Recently, chemiluminescence probes have been developed based on a 1,2-dioxetane scaffold. In this review, the accumulated findings of numerous studies and the design strategies of bioluminescence and chemiluminescence imaging reagents are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Takakura
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
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7
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Ren Y, Qiang Y, Zhu B, Tang W, Duan X, Li Z. General Strategy for Bioluminescence Sensing of Peptidase Activity In Vivo Based on Tumor-Targeting Probiotic. Anal Chem 2021; 93:4334-4341. [PMID: 33624497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The abnormally expressed peptidases in human tissues are associated with many kinds of cancers. Monitoring of endogenous peptidase activity could allow us for pathophysiology elucidation and early clinical diagnosis. Herein, we developed a general strategy for bioluminescence (BL) sensing of peptidase activity in vivo based on tumor-targeting probiotics. The probiotic that harbored a luciferase-encoding plasmid was used to target and colonize tumor and provide luciferase for BL imaging. The peptide-based probes Lc and GPc were applied to track leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) activity, respectively, by simply adding l-leucine and Gly-Pro dipeptides at the N-terminus of d-cysteine, which were specifically controlled by peptidase cleavage and released free d-cysteine to conduct a subsequent click condensation reaction with 2-cyano-6-hydroxybenzothiazole (HCBT) to produce firefly luciferin in situ, giving rise to a strong BL signal. Neither gene modification of cells of interest nor complicated synthesis was required in this BL system. Encouraged by these advantages, we successfully used our probes to monitor LAP and DPPIV activities in vitro and in vivo, respectively. A good linearity between BL and peptidase was obtained in the concentration range of 2.5-40.0 mU/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.1 mU/mL (55 ng/mL) for LAP and 2.0-40.0 mU/mL with a LOD of 0.78 mU/mL (1.15 ng/mL) for DPPIV, respectively. Additionally, approximately 5-fold (LAP) and 10-fold (DPPIV) differences in the BL signal before and after treatment with a specific inhibitor were also obtained for in vivo BL imaging. All these results reflected the potential application value of our probes in BL sensing of peptidase activity. We envision that our strategy may be a useful approach for monitoring a wide range of peptidases in tumors, especially in primary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian Ren
- Key laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yao Qiang
- Key laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Beibei Zhu
- Key laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- Key laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xinrui Duan
- Key laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhengping Li
- Key laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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Syed AJ, Anderson JC. Applications of bioluminescence in biotechnology and beyond. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5668-5705. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01492c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Bioluminescent probes have hugely benefited from the input of synthetic chemistry and protein engineering. Here we review the latest applications of these probes in biotechnology and beyond, with an eye on current limitations and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha J. Syed
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London
- UK
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Li S, Ruan Z, Zhang H, Xu H. Recent achievements of bioluminescence imaging based on firefly luciferin-luciferase system. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 211:113111. [PMID: 33360804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a newly developed noninvasive visual approach which facilitates the understanding of a plethora of biological processes in vitro and in vivo due to the high sensitivity, resolution and selectivity, low background signal, and the lack of external light excitation. BLI based on firefly luciferin-luciferase system has been widely used for the activity evaluation of tumor-specific enzymes, for the detection of diseases-related bioactive small molecules and metal ions, and for the diagnosis and therapy of diseases including the studies of drug transport, the research of immune response, and the evaluation of drug potency and tissue distribution. In this review, we highlight the recent achievements in luciferin derivatives with red-shifted emission spectra, mutant luciferase-luciferin pairs, and the diagnostic and therapeutic application of BLI based on firefly luciferin-luciferase system. The development and application of BLI will expand our knowledge of the occurrence and development of diseases and shed light on the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Zhiyang Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
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Shi C, Killoran MP, Hall MP, Otto P, Wood MG, Strauss E, Encell LP, Machleidt T, Wood KV, Kirkland TA. 5,5-Dialkylluciferins are thermal stable substrates for bioluminescence-based detection systems. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243747. [PMID: 33315907 PMCID: PMC7735563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Firefly luciferase-based ATP detection assays are frequently used as a sensitive, cost-efficient method for monitoring hygiene in many industrial settings. Solutions of detection reagent, containing a mixture of a substrate and luciferase enzyme that produces photons in the presence of ATP, are relatively unstable and maintain only a limited shelf life even under refrigerated conditions. It is therefore common for the individual performing a hygiene test to manually prepare fresh reagent at the time of monitoring. To simplify sample processing, a liquid detection reagent with improved thermal stability is needed. The engineered firefly luciferase, Ultra-Glo™, fulfills one aspect of this need and has been valuable for hygiene monitoring because of its high resistance to chemical and thermal inactivation. However, solutions containing both Ultra-Glo™ luciferase and its substrate luciferin gradually lose the ability to effectively detect ATP over time. We demonstrate here that dehydroluciferin, a prevalent oxidative breakdown product of luciferin, is a potent inhibitor of Ultra-Glo™ luciferase and that its formation in the detection reagent is responsible for the decreased ability to detect ATP. We subsequently found that dialkylation at the 5-position of luciferin (e.g., 5,5-dimethylluciferin) prevents degradation to dehydroluciferin and improves substrate thermostability in solution. However, since 5,5-dialkylluciferins are poorly utilized by Ultra-Glo™ luciferase as substrates, we used structural optimization of the luciferin dialkyl modification and protein engineering of Ultra-Glo™ to develop a luciferase/luciferin pair that shows improved total reagent stability in solution at ambient temperature. The results of our studies outline a novel luciferase/luciferin system that could serve as foundations for the next generation of bioluminescence ATP detection assays with desirable reagent stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Shi
- Promega Biosciences, Inc., San Luis Obispo, California, United States of America
| | | | - Mary P. Hall
- Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Paul Otto
- Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Monika G. Wood
- Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ethan Strauss
- Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Lance P. Encell
- Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Thomas Machleidt
- Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Keith V. Wood
- Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Thomas A. Kirkland
- Promega Biosciences, Inc., San Luis Obispo, California, United States of America
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MEN Y, ZHOU X, YAN Z, NIU L, LUO Y, WANG J, WANG J. A Water-soluble Near-infrared Fluorescent Probe for Cysteine/Homocysteine and Its Application in Live Cells and Mice. ANAL SCI 2020; 36:1053-1057. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20p016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui MEN
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University
| | - Xiaomin ZHOU
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University
| | - Zhijie YAN
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University
| | - Linqiang NIU
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University
| | - Yang LUO
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University
| | - Jiamin WANG
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University
| | - Jianhong WANG
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University
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Love AC, Prescher JA. Seeing (and Using) the Light: Recent Developments in Bioluminescence Technology. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:904-920. [PMID: 32795417 PMCID: PMC7472846 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bioluminescence has long been used to image biological processes in vivo. This technology features luciferase enzymes and luciferin small molecules that produce visible light. Bioluminescent photons can be detected in tissues and live organisms, enabling sensitive and noninvasive readouts on physiological function. Traditional applications have focused on tracking cells and gene expression patterns, but new probes are pushing the frontiers of what can be visualized. The past few years have also seen the merger of bioluminescence with optogenetic platforms. Luciferase-luciferin reactions can drive light-activatable proteins, ultimately triggering signal transduction and other downstream events. This review highlights these and other recent advances in bioluminescence technology, with an emphasis on tool development. We showcase how new luciferins and engineered luciferases are expanding the scope of optical imaging. We also highlight how bioluminescent systems are being leveraged not just for sensing-but also controlling-biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Love
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jennifer A Prescher
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Turn-on detection of glutathione S-transferase based on luminescence resonance energy transfer between near-infrared to near-infrared core-shell upconversion nanoparticles and organic dye. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:5843-5851. [PMID: 32691084 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is a detoxification enzyme of the liver and kidney. Based on the toxicological effect of GST, it is of great significance to develop a rapid and sensitive detection method for GST. In this work, a new luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) system has been designed to detect glutathione S-transferase in the near-infrared (NIR) region by utilizing NaGdF4:Yb3+,Tm3+@NaYF4 upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as the donor and NIR dye-806@Glutathione (IR806@GSH) as the acceptor. NaGdF4:Yb3+,Tm3+@NaYF4 UCNPs were synthesized by a coprecipitation method and surface modification of NOBF4. The donor (positively charged) interacted with the acceptor (negatively charged) via electrostatic interactions to bring them into close proximity; then, LRET occurred and the luminescence was quenched. In the presence of GST, GST can specifically interact with the GSH of IR806@GSH molecule, making IR806@GSH far away from the donor surface, inhibiting the LRET, and restoring the luminescence of the UCNPs. There was a good linear relationship between the luminescence recovery intensity of UCNPs and GST concentration, ranging from 0.11 to 14.19 nM, and the detection of limit was 0.06 nM. The method has been used in the detection of GST in human serum samples and is expected to have potential applications in the biological field. Graphical abstract A luminescence resonance energy transfer system was developed for determination of glutathione S-transferase in the near-infrared region by utilizing NaGdF4:Yb3+,Tm3+@NaYF4 upconversion nanoparticles as the donor and NIR dye-806@Glutathione as the acceptor.
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Zhang XX, Qi H, Lu MH, Yang SQ, Li P, Piao HL, Han KL. Semi-Quantitatively Designing Two-Photon High-Performance Fluorescent Probes for Glutathione S-Transferases. RESEARCH 2020; 2020:7043124. [PMID: 32377639 PMCID: PMC7114728 DOI: 10.34133/2020/7043124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), detoxification enzymes that catalyze the addition of glutathione (GSH) to diverse electrophilic molecules, are often overexpressed in various tumor cells. While fluorescent probes for GSTs have often adopted the 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl (DNs) group as the receptor unit, they usually suffer from considerable background reaction noise with GSH due to excessive electron deficiency. However, weakening this reactivity is generally accompanied by loss of sensitivity for GSTs, and therefore, finely turning down the reactivity while maintaining certain sensitivity is critical for developing a practical probe. Here, we report a rational semiquantitative strategy for designing such a practical two-photon probe by introducing a parameter adopted from the conceptual density functional theory (CDFT), the local electrophilicity ω k , to characterize this reactivity. As expected, kinetic studies established ω k as efficient to predict the reactivity with GSH, and probe NI3 showing the best performance was successfully applied to detecting GST activities in live cells and tissue sections with high sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio. Photoinduced electron transfer of naphthalimide-based probes, captured by femtosecond transient absorption for the first time and unraveled by theoretical calculations, also contributes to the negligible background noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Huan Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Mei-Heng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Song-Qiu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Peng Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hai-Long Piao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ke-Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.,Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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15
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Abstract
The mercapturic acid pathway is a major route for the biotransformation of xenobiotic and endobiotic electrophilic compounds and their metabolites. Mercapturic acids (N-acetyl-l-cysteine S-conjugates) are formed by the sequential action of the glutathione transferases, γ-glutamyltransferases, dipeptidases, and cysteine S-conjugate N-acetyltransferase to yield glutathione S-conjugates, l-cysteinylglycine S-conjugates, l-cysteine S-conjugates, and mercapturic acids; these metabolites constitute a "mercapturomic" profile. Aminoacylases catalyze the hydrolysis of mercapturic acids to form cysteine S-conjugates. Several renal transport systems facilitate the urinary elimination of mercapturic acids; urinary mercapturic acids may serve as biomarkers for exposure to chemicals. Although mercapturic acid formation and elimination is a detoxication reaction, l-cysteine S-conjugates may undergo bioactivation by cysteine S-conjugate β-lyase. Moreover, some l-cysteine S-conjugates, particularly l-cysteinyl-leukotrienes, exert significant pathophysiological effects. Finally, some enzymes of the mercapturic acid pathway are described as the so-called "moonlighting proteins," catalytic proteins that exert multiple biochemical or biophysical functions apart from catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick E Hanna
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - M W Anders
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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16
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Chen J, Wang Z, She M, Liu M, Zhao Z, Chen X, Liu P, Zhang S, Li J. Precise Synthesis of GSH-Specific Fluorescent Probe for Hepatotoxicity Assessment Guided by Theoretical Calculation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:32605-32612. [PMID: 31423764 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is the main cause of acute liver injury, and its early diagnosis is indispensable in pharmacological and pathological studies. As a hepatotoxicity indicator, the GSH distribution in the liver could reflect the damage degree in situ. In this work, we have provided a theoretical design strategy to determine the generation of photo-induced electron transfer mechanism and achieve high selectivity for the target. After that, we precisely synthesized a novel near-infrared fluorescent probe BSR1 to specifically monitor endogenous GSH and hepatotoxicity in biosystem with a moderate fluorescent quantum yield (Φ = 0.394) and low detection limit (83 nM) under this strategy. Moreover, this mapping method for imaging GSH depletion in vivo to assay hepatotoxicity may provide a powerful molecular tool for early diagnosis of some diseases and contribute to assay hepatotoxicity for the development of new drugs. Importantly, this theoretical calculation-guided design strategy may provide an effective way for the precise synthesis of the target-specific fluorescent probe and change this research area from "trial-and-error" to concrete molecular engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710127 , P. R. China
| | - Zesi Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710127 , P. R. China
| | - Mengyao She
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710127 , P. R. China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, The College of Life Sciences , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710069 , P. R. China
| | - Mengdi Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710127 , P. R. China
| | - Zebin Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710127 , P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710127 , P. R. China
| | - Ping Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710127 , P. R. China
| | - Shengyong Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710127 , P. R. China
| | - Jianli Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710127 , P. R. China
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17
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Yang C, Wang Q, Ding W. Recent progress in the imaging detection of enzyme activities in vivo. RSC Adv 2019; 9:25285-25302. [PMID: 35530057 PMCID: PMC9070033 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04508b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic activities are important for normal physiological processes and are also critical regulatory mechanisms for many pathologies. Identifying the enzyme activities in vivo has considerable importance in disease diagnoses and monitoring of the physiological metabolism. In the past few years, great strides have been made towards the imaging detection of enzyme activity in vivo based on optical modality, MRI modality, nuclear modality, photoacoustic modality and multifunctional modality. This review summarizes the latest advances in the imaging detection of enzyme activities in vivo reported within the past years, mainly concentrating on the probe design, imaging strategies and demonstration of enzyme activities in vivo. This review also highlights the potential challenges and the further directions of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjie Yang
- College of Health Science, Yuncheng Polytechnic College Yuncheng Shanxi 044000 PR China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China
| | - Wu Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China
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18
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Han Y, Chen T, Li Y, Chen L, Wei L, Xiao L. Single-Particle Enumeration-Based Sensitive Glutathione S-Transferase Assay with Fluorescent Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticle. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11146-11153. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tianyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518033, China
| | - Langxing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Lehui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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19
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Su TA, Bruemmer KJ, Chang CJ. Caged luciferins for bioluminescent activity-based sensing. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 60:198-204. [PMID: 31200275 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioluminescence imaging is a powerful modality for in vivo imaging owing to its low background and high signal-to-noise ratio. Because bioluminescent emission occurs only upon the catalytic reaction between the luciferase enzyme and its luciferin substrate, caging luciferins with analyte-reactive triggers offers a general approach for activity-based sensing of specific biochemical processes in living systems across cell, tissue, and animal models. In this review, we summarize recent efforts in the development of synthetic caged luciferins for tracking enzyme, small molecule, and metal ion activity and their contributions to physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Su
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Kevin J Bruemmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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20
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He N, Bai S, Huang Y, Xing Y, Chen L, Yu F, Lv C. Evaluation of Glutathione S-Transferase Inhibition Effects on Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Therapy with a Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe in Cell and Mice Models. Anal Chem 2019; 91:5424-5432. [PMID: 30869868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lung-limited and progressive fibrotic disease. The early diagnosis and therapies of IPF are still full of clinical challenges. Glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) plays significant roles in promoting the formation of pulmonary fibrosis. Herein, we report a fluorescent probe (Cy-GST) for the detection of GSTs concentration fluctuations in cells and in mice models. The probe can selectively and sensitively respond to GSTs with an "off-on" type fluorescence switch. Our results demonstrated that the level of intracellular GSTs increase in the pulmonary fibrosis cells and mice models. And the IPF patients hold high levels of GSTs concentrations. Thus, GSTs are likely to play important roles in pulmonary fibrosis. The inhibitor of GSTs TLK117 can reduce the severity of pulmonary fibrosis. The synergistic treatment of TLK117 and pirfenidone have better therapeutic effects than only using pirfenidone in pulmonary fibrosis mice models. The level of GSTs in IPF may be a new potential marker for IPF diagnosis. And the inhibition of GSTs may be a new therapeutic strategy for IPF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine , Binzhou Medical University Hospital , Binzhou 256603 , China.,Medicine Research Center, Institute of Molecular Medicine , Binzhou Medical University , Yantai 264003 , China
| | - Song Bai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine , Binzhou Medical University Hospital , Binzhou 256603 , China.,Medicine Research Center, Institute of Molecular Medicine , Binzhou Medical University , Yantai 264003 , China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China
| | - Yanlong Xing
- Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Clinical Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, College of Emergency and Trauma , Hainan Medical University , Haikou 571199 , China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China
| | - Fabiao Yu
- Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Clinical Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, College of Emergency and Trauma , Hainan Medical University , Haikou 571199 , China
| | - Changjun Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine , Binzhou Medical University Hospital , Binzhou 256603 , China.,Medicine Research Center, Institute of Molecular Medicine , Binzhou Medical University , Yantai 264003 , China
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21
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Tang C, Gao Y, Liu T, Lin Y, Zhang X, Zhang C, Li X, Zhang T, Du L, Li M. Bioluminescent probe for detecting endogenous hypochlorite in living mice. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:645-651. [PMID: 29303203 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02842c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As a kind of biologically important reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypochlorite (ClO-) plays a crucial role in many physiological processes. As such, endogenous ClO- is a powerful antibacterial agent during pathogen invasion. Nonetheless, excessive endogenous ClO- could pose a health threat to mammalian animals including humans. However, the detection of endogenous ClO- by bioluminescence probes in vivo remains a considerable challenge. Herein, based on a caged strategy, we developed a turn-on bioluminescent probe 1 for the highly selective detection of ClO-in vitro and imaging endogenous ClO- in a mouse inflammation model. We anticipate that such a probe could help us understand the role of endogenous ClO- in a variety of physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchao Tang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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22
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Song A, Feng T, Shen X, Gai S, Zhai Y, Chen H. Fluorescence detection of glutathione S-transferases in a low GSH level environment. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7219-7222. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02702e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play crucial roles in the detoxification process and the development of drug-resistance and are proved to be important markers for various tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiguo Song
- Institute of Medical Research
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi’an
- P. R. China
| | - Tian Feng
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines
- School of Pharmacy
- Air Force Medical University
- Xi’an
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Air Force Medical University
- Xi’an
- P. R. China
| | - Shouchang Gai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Air Force Medical University
- Xi’an
- P. R. China
| | - Yumeng Zhai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Air Force Medical University
- Xi’an
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Air Force Medical University
- Xi’an
- P. R. China
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23
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Hemmi M, Ikeda Y, Shindo Y, Nakajima T, Nishiyama S, Oka K, Sato M, Hiruta Y, Citterio D, Suzuki K. Highly Sensitive Bioluminescent Probe for Thiol Detection in Living Cells. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:648-655. [PMID: 29359483 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The sensitive detection of thiols including glutathione and cysteine is desirable owing to their roles as indispensable biomolecules in maintaining intracellular biological redox homeostasis. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of SEluc-1 (sulfinate ester luciferin), a chemoselective probe exhibiting a ratiometric and turn-on response towards thiols selectively in fluorescence and bioluminescence, respectively. The probe, which was designed based on the "caged" luciferin strategy, displays excellent selectivity, high signal/noise ratio (>240 in the case of bioluminescence), and a biologically relevant limit of detection (LOD, 80 nm for cysteine), which are all desirable traits for a sensitive bioluminescent sensor. SEluc-1 was further applied to fluorescence imaging of thiol activity in living human cervical cancer HeLa cell cultures, and was successfully able to detect fluctuations in thiol concentrations induced by oxidative stress in a bioluminescent assay utilizing African green monkey fibroblast COS-7 cells and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Hemmi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuma Ikeda
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shindo
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakajima
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Nishiyama
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kotaro Oka
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Moritoshi Sato
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Hiruta
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Daniel Citterio
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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24
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Yuan M, Ma X, Jiang T, Zhang C, Chen H, Gao Y, Yang X, Du L, Li M. A novel coelenterate luciferin-based luminescent probe for selective and sensitive detection of thiophenols. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:10267-10274. [PMID: 27747358 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02038k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The first dual bioluminescent and chemiluminescent sensor for detecting highly toxic thiophenols has been developed. Such a probe was designed by using a coelenterazine analogue as the luminophore and dinitrophenyl ether as the recognition moiety. It should be noted that this probe displayed good sensitivity and selectivity toward thiophenols, and has been effectively applied for the quantitative detection of thiophenols in aqueous media and complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Yuan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Tianyu Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Chaochao Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Yuqi Gao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Xingye Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Lupei Du
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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25
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Hananya N, Shabat D. A Glowing Trajectory between Bio- and Chemiluminescence: From Luciferin-Based Probes to Triggerable Dioxetanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16454-16463. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nir Hananya
- School of Chemistry; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Doron Shabat
- School of Chemistry; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
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26
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Hananya N, Shabat D. Bio- und Chemilumineszenz in der biologischen Bildgebung: von Luciferin-basierten Sonden zu aktivierbaren Dioxetanen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nir Hananya
- School of Chemistry; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Doron Shabat
- School of Chemistry; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
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27
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Zhang J, Jin Z, Hu XX, Meng HM, Li J, Zhang XB, Liu HW, Deng T, Yao S, Feng L. Efficient Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe for Glutathione S-Transferase Detection and Imaging in Drug-Induced Liver Injury Sample. Anal Chem 2017; 89:8097-8103. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Molecular
Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative
Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhen Jin
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development
and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Hu
- Molecular
Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative
Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hong-Min Meng
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jin Li
- Molecular
Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative
Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- Molecular
Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative
Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hong-Wen Liu
- Molecular
Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative
Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Tanggang Deng
- Molecular
Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative
Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shan Yao
- The People’s
Hospital of Dangshan County, Dangshan 235300, China
| | - Lili Feng
- Molecular
Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative
Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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28
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Chang L, He X, Chen L, Zhang Y. A novel fluorescent turn-on biosensor based on QDs@GSH-GO fluorescence resonance energy transfer for sensitive glutathione S-transferase sensing and cellular imaging. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:3881-3888. [PMID: 28256653 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr09944k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel fluorescent turn-on biosensor based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from GSH functionalized Mn-doped ZnS QDs to graphene oxide (GO) was constructed to determine glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in live cells and human urine. The QDs@GSH is adsorbed on the GO surface via hydrogen bonding interaction between the GSH on the surface of QDs@GSH and GO, and as a result, fluorescence quenching of the QDs@GSH takes place because of FRET. The FRET efficiency from QDs@GSH to GO was calculated to be 86.3%. However, in the presence of GSTs, the FRET process could be inhibited by the specific interaction between the GSH on the surface of QDs@GSH and GSTs, which would keep the QDs@GSH far away from the GO surface, leading to the recovery of the fluorescence. The proposed sensor exhibited high sensitivity, selectivity, and excellent specificity in the buffer, live cells and human urine for the detection of GSTs. Under the physiological conditions (pH 7.4), dissociation constants and the detection limit of GST and ATP6 V1F (a GST-tagged protein) were estimated to be 8.0 × 10-9 M, 2.1 × 10-10 M and 3.5 × 10-9 M, 7.2 × 10-11 M, respectively. The presented method has been successfully utilized for the determination of the GSTs in live cells and human urine without any complicated pretreatment and the recovery was in the range of 80%-90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Chang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Xiwen He
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Langxing Chen
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yukui Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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29
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Wong RHF, Kwong T, Yau KH, Au-Yeung HY. Real time detection of live microbes using a highly sensitive bioluminescent nitroreductase probe. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:4440-2. [PMID: 25680085 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10345a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A highly sensitive and selective nitroreductase probe, showing a rapid and strong bioluminescence enhancement (>100-fold in 5 minutes), and its initial application in the real time detection of both Gram positive and Gram negative live bacteria and monitoring of their growth has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger H F Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
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30
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Godinat A, Budin G, Morales AR, Park HM, Sanman LE, Bogyo M, Yu A, Stahl A, Dubikovskaya EA. A biocompatible "split luciferin" reaction and its application for non-invasive bioluminescent imaging of protease activity in living animals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 6:169-189. [PMID: 25205565 DOI: 10.1002/9780470559277.ch140047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The great complexity of many human pathologies, such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases, requires new tools for studies of biological processes on the whole organism level. The discovery of novel biocompatible reactions has tremendously advanced our understanding of basic biology; however, no efficient tools exist for real-time non-invasive imaging of many human proteases that play very important roles in multiple human disorders. We recently reported that the "split luciferin" biocompatible reaction represents a valuable tool for evaluation of protease activity directly in living animals using bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Since BLI is the most sensitive in vivo imaging modality known to date, this method can be widely applied for the evaluation of the activity of multiple proteases, as well as identification of their new peptide-specific substrates. In this unit, we describe several applications of this "split luciferin" reaction for quantification of protease activities in test tube assays and living animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Godinat
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ghyslain Budin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alma R Morales
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hyo Min Park
- Department of Nutritional Science and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Laura E Sanman
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Matthew Bogyo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Allen Yu
- Department of Nutritional Science and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Andreas Stahl
- Department of Nutritional Science and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Elena A Dubikovskaya
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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31
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Yang XF, Huang Q, Zhong Y, Li Z, Li H, Lowry M, Escobedo JO, Strongin RM. A dual emission fluorescent probe enables simultaneous detection of glutathione and cysteine/homocysteine. Chem Sci 2014; 5:2177-2183. [PMID: 24995124 PMCID: PMC4074921 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc00308j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown that glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (Cys) / homocysteine (Hcy) levels are interrelated in biological systems. To unravel the complicated biomedical mechanisms by which GSH and Cys/Hcy are involved in various disease states, probes that display distinct signals in response to GSH and Cys/Hcy are highly desirable. In this work, we report a rhodol thioester (1) that responds to GSH and Cys/Hcy with distinct fluorescence emissions in neutral media. Probe 1 reacts with Cys/Hcy to form the corresponding deconjugated spirolactam via a tandem native chemical ligation (NCL) reaction. This intramolecular spirocyclization leads to the "quinone - phenol" transduction of rhodol dyes, and an excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process between the phenolic hydroxyl proton and the aromatic nitrogen in the benzothiazole unit occurs upon photoexcitation, thus affording 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzothiazole (HBT) emission (454 nm). In the case of the tripeptide GSH, only transthioesterification takes place removing the intramolecular photo-induced electron transfer (PET) process caused by the electron deficient 4-nitrobenzene moiety giving rise to a large fluorescence enhancement at the rhodol emission band (587 nm). The simultaneous detection of GSH and Cys/Hcy is attributed to the significantly different rates of intramolecular S,N-acyl shift of their corresponding thioester adducts derived from 1. The utility of probe 1 has been demonstrated in various biological systems including serum and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P.R. China
| | - Qian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P.R. China
| | - Yaogang Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P.R. China
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P.R. China
| | - Mark Lowry
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Jorge O. Escobedo
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Robert M. Strongin
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
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32
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Shibata A, Nakano Y, Ito M, Araki M, Zhang J, Yoshida Y, Shuto S, Mannervik B, Morgenstern R, Mogenstern R, Ito Y, Abe H. Fluorogenic probes using 4-substituted-2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl derivatives as caging groups for the analysis of human glutathione transferase catalyzed reactions. Analyst 2014; 138:7326-30. [PMID: 24151635 DOI: 10.1039/c3an01339a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized a series of 4-substituted-2-nitrobenzene-sulfonyl compounds for caged fluorogenic probes and conducted a Hammett plot analysis using the steady-state kinetic parameters. The results revealed that the glutathione transferase (GST) alpha catalyzed reaction was dependent on the σ value in the same way as the non-enzymatic reaction, whereas the dependence of the σ value of the GST mu and pi was not as pronounced as that of GST alpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Shibata
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-Shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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33
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Zhou W, Leippe D, Duellman S, Sobol M, Vidugiriene J, O'Brien M, Shultz JW, Kimball JJ, DiBernardo C, Moothart L, Bernad L, Cali J, Klaubert DH, Meisenheimer P. Self-immolative bioluminogenic quinone luciferins for NAD(P)H assays and reducing capacity-based cell viability assays. Chembiochem 2014; 15:670-5. [PMID: 24591148 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Highly sensitive self-cleavable trimethyl lock quinone-luciferin substrates for diaphorase were designed and synthesized to measure NAD(P)H in biological samples and monitor viable cells via NAD(P)H-dependent cellular oxidoreductase enzymes and their NAD(P)H cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhou
- Research and Development, Promega Biosciences, Inc. 277 Granada Drive, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 (USA).
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34
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Ito M, Shuto S, Ito Y, Abe H. Development of Molecular Probe Targeting on Glutathion Transferase. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2014. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.72.822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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35
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Godinat A, Park HM, Miller SC, Cheng K, Hanahan D, Sanman LE, Bogyo M, Yu A, Nikitin GF, Stahl A, Dubikovskaya EA. A biocompatible in vivo ligation reaction and its application for noninvasive bioluminescent imaging of protease activity in living mice. ACS Chem Biol 2013; 8:987-99. [PMID: 23463944 DOI: 10.1021/cb3007314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of biocompatible reactions had a tremendous impact on chemical biology, allowing the study of numerous biological processes directly in complex systems. However, despite the fact that multiple biocompatible reactions have been developed in the past decade, very few work well in living mice. Here we report that D-cysteine and 2-cyanobenzothiazoles can selectively react with each other in vivo to generate a luciferin substrate for firefly luciferase. The success of this "split luciferin" ligation reaction has important implications for both in vivo imaging and biocompatible labeling strategies. First, the production of a luciferin substrate can be visualized in a live mouse by bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and furthermore allows interrogation of targeted tissues using a "caged" luciferin approach. We therefore applied this reaction to the real-time noninvasive imaging of apoptosis associated with caspase 3/7. Caspase-dependent release of free D-cysteine from the caspase 3/7 peptide substrate Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-D-Cys (DEVD-(D-Cys)) allowed selective reaction with 6-amino-2-cyanobenzothiazole (NH(2)-CBT) in vivo to form 6-amino-D-luciferin with subsequent light emission from luciferase. Importantly, this strategy was found to be superior to the commercially available DEVD-aminoluciferin substrate for imaging of caspase 3/7 activity. Moreover, the split luciferin approach enables the modular construction of bioluminogenic sensors, where either or both reaction partners could be caged to report on multiple biological events. Lastly, the luciferin ligation reaction is 3 orders of magnitude faster than Staudinger ligation, suggesting further applications for both bioluminescence and specific molecular targeting in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Godinat
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne, LCBIM, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hyo Min Park
- Department of Nutritional Science
and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stephen C. Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Ke Cheng
- The Swiss Institute for Experimental
Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - Douglas Hanahan
- The Swiss Institute for Experimental
Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | | | | | - Allen Yu
- Department of Nutritional Science
and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Gennady F. Nikitin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne, LCBIM, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Stahl
- Department of Nutritional Science
and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Elena A. Dubikovskaya
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne, LCBIM, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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36
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Iwano S, Obata R, Miura C, Kiyama M, Hama K, Nakamura M, Amano Y, Kojima S, Hirano T, Maki S, Niwa H. Development of simple firefly luciferin analogs emitting blue, green, red, and near-infrared biological window light. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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37
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Lu J, Song Y, Shi W, Li X, Ma H. 3,4-Dinitrobenzamide Functionalized CdTe/ZnTe Quantum Dots as a Nanoprobe for Imaging Glutathione S-Transferase in Living Cells. CHINESE J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201300061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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38
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Van de Bittner GC, Bertozzi CR, Chang CJ. Strategy for dual-analyte luciferin imaging: in vivo bioluminescence detection of hydrogen peroxide and caspase activity in a murine model of acute inflammation. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:1783-95. [PMID: 23347279 PMCID: PMC3583381 DOI: 10.1021/ja309078t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In vivo molecular imaging holds promise for understanding the underlying mechanisms of health, injury, aging, and disease, as it can detect distinct biochemical processes such as enzymatic activity, reactive small-molecule fluxes, or post-translational modifications. Current imaging techniques often detect only a single biochemical process, but, within whole organisms, multiple types of biochemical events contribute to physiological and pathological phenotypes. In this report, we present a general strategy for dual-analyte detection in living animals that employs in situ formation of firefly luciferin from two complementary caged precursors that can be unmasked by different biochemical processes. To establish this approach, we have developed Peroxy Caged Luciferin-2 (PCL-2), a H(2)O(2)-responsive boronic acid probe that releases 6-hydroxy-2-cyanobenzothiazole (HCBT) upon reacting with this reactive oxygen species, as well as a peptide-based probe, z-Ile-Glu-ThrAsp-D-Cys (IETDC), which releases D-cysteine in the presence of active caspase 8. Once released, HCBT and D-cysteine form firefly luciferin in situ, giving rise to a bioluminescent signal if and only if both chemical triggers proceed. This system thus constitutes an AND-type molecular logic gate that reports on the simultaneous presence of H(2)O(2) and caspase 8 activity. Using these probes, chemoselective imaging of either H(2)O(2) or caspase 8 activity was performed in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, concomitant use of PCL-2 and IETDC in vivo establishes a concurrent increase in both H(2)O(2) and caspase 8 activity during acute inflammation in living mice. Taken together, this method offers a potentially powerful new chemical tool for studying simultaneous oxidative stress and inflammation processes in living animals during injury, aging, and disease, as well as a versatile approach for concurrent monitoring of multiple analytes using luciferin-based bioluminescence imaging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolyn R. Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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39
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Li J, Chen L, Du L, Li M. Cage the firefly luciferin! – a strategy for developing bioluminescent probes. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:662-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35249d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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40
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Huang H, Yao H, Liu JY, Samra AI, Kamita SG, Cornel AJ, Hammock BD. Development of pyrethroid-like fluorescent substrates for glutathione S-transferase. Anal Biochem 2012; 431:77-83. [PMID: 23000005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2012.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The availability of highly sensitive substrates is critical for the development of precise and rapid assays for detecting changes in glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity that are associated with GST-mediated metabolism of insecticides. In this study, six pyrethroid-like compounds were synthesized and characterized as substrates for insect and mammalian GSTs. All of the substrates were esters composed of the same alcohol moiety, 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin, and acid moieties that structurally mimic some commonly used pyrethroid insecticides, including cypermethrin and cyhalothrin. CpGSTD1, a recombinant Delta class GST from the mosquito Culex pipiens pipiens, metabolized our pyrethroid-like substrates with both chemical and geometric preference (i.e., the cis-isomers were metabolized at 2- to 5-fold higher rates than the corresponding trans-isomers). A GST preparation from mouse liver also metabolized most of our pyrethroid-like substrates with both chemical and geometric preference but at 10- to 170-fold lower rates. CpGSTD1 and mouse GSTs metabolized 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenezene (CDNB), a general GST substrate, at more than 200-fold higher rates than our novel pyrethroid-like substrates. There was a 10-fold difference in the specificity constant (k(cat)/K(M) ratio) of CpGSTD1 for CDNB and those of CpGSTD1 for cis-DCVC and cis-TFMCVC, suggesting that cis-DCVC and cis-TFMCVC may be useful for the detection of GST-based metabolism of pyrethroids in mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huazhang Huang
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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41
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Ito M, Shibata A, Zhang J, Hiroshima M, Sako Y, Nakano Y, Kojima-Aikawa K, Mannervik B, Shuto S, Ito Y, Morgenstern R, Abe H. Universal caging group for the in-cell detection of glutathione transferase applied to 19F NMR and bioluminogenic probes. Chembiochem 2012; 13:1428-32. [PMID: 22689392 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Ito
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-Shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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42
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Meisenheimer PL, Uyeda HT, Ma D, Sobol M, McDougall MG, Corona C, Simpson D, Klaubert DH, Cali JJ. Proluciferin acetals as bioluminogenic substrates for cytochrome P450 activity and probes for CYP3A inhibition. Drug Metab Dispos 2011; 39:2403-10. [PMID: 21890735 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.111.041541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (P450) assays use probe substrates to interrogate the influence of new chemical entities toward P450 enzymes. We report the synthesis and study of a family of bioluminogenic luciferin acetal substrates that are oxidized by P450 enzymes to form luciferase substrates. The luciferin acetals were screened against a panel of purified P450 enzymes. In particular, one proluciferin acetal has demonstrated sensitive and selective CYP3A4-catalyzed oxidation to a luciferin ester-K(m) and k(cat) are 2.88 μM and 5.87 pmol metabolite · min(-1) · pmol enzyme(-1), respectively. The proluciferin acetal was used as a probe substrate to measure IC(50) values of known inhibitors against recombinant CYP3A4 or human liver microsomes. IC(50) values for the known inhibitors correlate strongly with IC(50) values calculated from the traditional high-performance liquid chromatography-based probe substrate testosterone. Luciferin acetals are rapidly oxidized to unstable hemi-orthoesters by CYP3A resulting in luciferin esters and, therefore, are conducive to simple rapid CYP3A bioluminescent assays.
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43
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Chang YC, Chao PW, Tung CH. Sensitive luciferin derived probes for selective carboxypeptidase activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:3931-4. [PMID: 21640584 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Highly selective luminescent probes, QLUC-TYR and LUC-GLU, for detection of carboxypeptidase activity were synthesized. Caged substrates were first cleaved by corresponding carboxypeptidases, and then they were activated by luciferase to emit light. Enzymatic activities of biologically important carboxypeptidases can be determined using this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Chang
- Department of Radiology, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, 6565 Fannin Street, #B5-009, Houston, TX 77030, United States
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44
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Takakura H, Kojima R, Urano Y, Terai T, Hanaoka K, Nagano T. Aminoluciferins as functional bioluminogenic substrates of firefly luciferase. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:1800-10. [PMID: 21416616 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Firefly luciferase is widely used as a reporter gene in assays to study gene expression, gene delivery, and so on because of its extremely high signal-to-noise ratio. The availability of a range of bioluminogenic substrates would greatly extend the applicability of the luciferin-luciferase system. Herein, we describe a design concept for functional bioluminogenic substrates based on the aminoluciferin (AL) scaffold, together with a convenient, high-yield method for synthesizing N-alkylated ALs. We confirmed the usefulness of ALs as bioluminogenic substrates by synthesizing three probes. The first was a conjugate of AL with glutamate, Glu-AL. When Glu-AL, the first membrane-impermeable bioluminogenic substrate of luciferases, was applied to cells transfected with luciferase, luminescence was not observed; that is, by using Glu-AL, we can distinguish between intracellular and extracellular events. The second was Cy5-AL, which consisted of Cy5, a near-infrared (NIR) cyanine fluorescent dye, and AL, and emitted NIR light. When Cy5-AL reacted with luciferase, luminescence derived from Cy5 was observed as a result of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) from AL to Cy5. The NIR emission wavelength would allow a signal to be observed from deeper tissues in bioluminescence in vivo imaging. The third was biotin-DEVD-AL (DEVD = the amino acid sequence Asp-Glu-Val-Asp), which employed a caspase-3 substrate peptide as a switch to control the accessibility of the substrate to luciferase, and could detect the activity of caspase-3 in a time-dependent manner. This generalized design strategy should be applicable to other proteases. Our results indicate that the AL scaffold is appropriate for a range of functional luminophores and represents a useful alternative substrate to luciferin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Takakura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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45
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Razgulin A, Ma N, Rao J. Strategies for in vivo imaging of enzyme activity: an overview and recent advances. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:4186-216. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15035a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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46
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Yasgar A, Shultz J, Zhou W, Wang H, Huang F, Murphy N, Abel EL, DiGiovanni J, Inglese J, Simeonov A. A high-throughput 1,536-well luminescence assay for glutathione S-transferase activity. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2010; 8:200-11. [PMID: 20085484 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2009.0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) constitute a family of detoxification enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of glutathione with a variety of hydrophobic compounds, including drugs and their metabolites, to yield water-soluble derivatives that are excreted in urine or bile. Profiling the effect of small molecules on GST activity is an important component in the characterization of drug candidates and compound libraries. Additionally, specific GST isozymes have been implicated in drug resistance, especially in cancer, and thus represent potential targets for intervention. To date, there are no sensitive miniaturized high-throughput assays available for GST activity detection. A series of GST substrates containing a masked luciferin moiety have been described recently, offering the potential for configuring a sensitive screening assay via coupled luciferase reaction and standard luminescence detection. We report on the optimization and miniaturization of this homogeneous method to 1,536-well format using GSTs from 3 different species: mouse isozyme A4-4, human isozymes A1-1, M1-1, and P1-1, and the major GST from the parasitic worm Schistosoma japonicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Yasgar
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3370, USA
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47
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Development of thiol-responsive amide bond cleavage device and its application for peptide nucleic acid-based DNA releasing system. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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48
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Abet V, Nuñez A, Mendicuti F, Burgos C, Alvarez-Builla J. A New Class of Pyrazolopyridine Nucleus with Fluorescent Properties, Obtained through Either a Radical or a Pd Arylation Pathway from N-Azinylpyridinium N-Aminides. J Org Chem 2008; 73:8800-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo801549u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Abet
- Departamentos de Química Orgánica and Química Física, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Araceli Nuñez
- Departamentos de Química Orgánica and Química Física, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Mendicuti
- Departamentos de Química Orgánica and Química Física, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Burgos
- Departamentos de Química Orgánica and Química Física, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Alvarez-Builla
- Departamentos de Química Orgánica and Química Física, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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49
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Fujikawa Y, Urano Y, Komatsu T, Hanaoka K, Kojima H, Terai T, Inoue H, Nagano T. Design and Synthesis of Highly Sensitive Fluorogenic Substrates for Glutathione S-Transferase and Application for Activity Imaging in Living Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:14533-43. [DOI: 10.1021/ja802423n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuuta Fujikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, and School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, and School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Toru Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, and School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Hanaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, and School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hirotatsu Kojima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, and School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Takuya Terai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, and School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hideshi Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, and School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Nagano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, and School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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50
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Woodroofe CC, Shultz JW, Wood MG, Osterman J, Cali JJ, Daily WJ, Meisenheimer PL, Klaubert DH. N-Alkylated 6'-aminoluciferins are bioluminescent substrates for Ultra-Glo and QuantiLum luciferase: new potential scaffolds for bioluminescent assays. Biochemistry 2008; 47:10383-93. [PMID: 18771284 DOI: 10.1021/bi800505u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A set of 6'-alkylated aminoluciferins are shown to be bioluminescent substrates for Ultra-Glo and QuantiLum luciferases. These studies demonstrate that both the engineered and wild-type firefly luciferases tolerate much greater steric bulk at the 6' position of luciferin than has been previously reported. The nature of the alkyl substituent strongly affects the strength of the bioluminescent signal, which varies widely based on size, shape, and charge. Several compounds were observed to generate more light than the corresponding unsubstituted 6'-aminoluciferin. Determination of Michaelis-Menten constants for the substrates with Ultra-Glo indicated that the variation arises primarily from differences in V max, ranging from 1.33 x 10 (4) to 332 x 10 (4) relative light units, but in some cases K m (0.73-10.8 microM) also plays a role. Molecular modeling results suggest that interactions of the side chain with a hydrogen-bonding network at the base of the luciferin binding pocket may influence substrate-enzyme binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn C Woodroofe
- Promega Biosciences, Inc., 277 Granada Drive, San Luis Obispo, California 93401, USA.
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