1
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Young FD, Aung S, Tang M, Anstey KM, Lee MC, Alfaro E, Cinar P, Ho H, Otani IM. Rechallenges without desensitization following platinum-based chemotherapy reactions. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2024; 30:572-575. [PMID: 38347725 DOI: 10.1177/10781552241229024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing interest in non-desensitization protocols as a potential way to reintroduce chemotherapy following hypersensitivity reactions (HSR). OBJECTIVE To provide insight into the potential utility of non-desensitization reintroduction, particularly at institutions where allergy consultation may not be available. METHODS For 70 patients with platinum HSR who underwent rechallenge with standard (≤2 hours), extended (1-bag, 1-step, 4-6 hours), or titrated (4-to-5-bag and -step, 6-7.5 hours) infusions between 1/2014 and 7/2019, demographics and clinical characteristics were reviewed and initial and breakthrough reactions (BTR) were graded using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 (CTCAE v5.0). Tolerance (no BTR) and completion (dose completed despite BTR) were compared using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS Patients (mean [standard deviation] age 57 [13] years, initial HSR grade 2 [1]), were rechallenged with standard (n = 8), extended (n = 23), or titrated (n = 22) infusions after oxaliplatin HSR; and standard (n = 5) or titrated (n = 12) after carboplatin HSR. Tolerance and completion were higher for extended versus (vs) standard (tolerance-87%-vs-8%, p < 0.005; completion-96%-vs-38%, p < 0.005) and titrated versus standard (tolerance-76%-vs-8%, p < 0.005; completion-79%-vs-38%, p < 0.05) infusions. CONCLUSIONS Extended and titrated infusions may increase reintroduction safety compared to standard infusions. Further investigation into extended infusions may provide a safe alternative to standard infusions in patients who may not have access to desensitization at their institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda D Young
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Allergy and Immunology Fellowship Training Program, Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sidney Aung
- Internal Medicine Residency Training Program, Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Monica Tang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Karen M Anstey
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, OHSU, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Michael C Lee
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Emely Alfaro
- Adult Infusion Services, UCSF Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Pelin Cinar
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA
- Gilead Sciences Inc, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - Hansen Ho
- University of California San Francisco School of Pharmacy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Iris M Otani
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
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2
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Todd J, Plans D, Lee MC, Bird JM, Morelli D, Cunningham A, Ponzo S, Murphy J, Bird G, Aspell JE. Heightened interoception in adults with fibromyalgia. Biol Psychol 2024; 186:108761. [PMID: 38309512 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Previous research suggests that the processing of internal body sensations (interoception) affects how we experience pain. Some evidence suggests that people with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) - a condition characterised by chronic pain and fatigue - may have altered interoceptive processing. However, extant findings are inconclusive, and some tasks previously used to measure interoception are of questionable validity. Here, we used an alternative measure - the Phase Adjustment Task (PAT) - to examine cardiac interoceptive accuracy in adults with FMS. We examined: (i) the tolerability of the PAT in an FMS sample (N = 154); (ii) if there are differences in facets of interoception (PAT performance, PAT-related confidence, and scores on the Private Body Consciousness Scale) between an FMS sample and an age- and gender-matched pain-free sample (N = 94); and (iii) if subgroups of participants with FMS are identifiable according to interoceptive accuracy levels. We found the PAT was tolerable in the FMS sample, with additional task breaks and a recommended hand posture. The FMS sample were more likely to be classified as 'interoceptive' on the PAT, and had significantly higher self-reported interoception compared to the pain-free sample. Within the FMS sample, we identified a subgroup who demonstrated very strong evidence of being interoceptive, and concurrently had lower fibromyalgia symptom impact (although the effect size was small). Conversely, self-reported interoception was positively correlated with FMS symptom severity and impact. Overall, interoception may be an important factor to consider in understanding and managing FMS symptoms. We recommend future longitudinal work to better understand associations between fluctuating FMS symptoms and interoception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - David Plans
- Department of Management, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom; Huma Therapeutics Ltd, London, United Kingdom; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael C Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Bird
- Department of Management, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Davide Morelli
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sonia Ponzo
- Huma Therapeutics Ltd, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Murphy
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey Bird
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jane E Aspell
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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3
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Shaikh SS, Goebel A, Lee MC, Nahorski MS, Shenker N, Pamela Y, Drissi I, Brown C, Ison G, Shaikh MF, Kuttikat A, Woods WA, Dixit A, Stouffer K, Clarke MC, Menon DK, Woods CG. Evidence of a genetic background predisposing to complex regional pain syndrome type 1. J Med Genet 2024; 61:163-170. [PMID: 37816627 PMCID: PMC10850724 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS-1) is a rare, disabling and sometimes chronic disorder usually arising after a trauma. This exploratory study examined whether patients with chronic CRPS-1 have a different genetic profile compared with those who do not have the condition. METHODS Exome sequencing was performed to seek altered non-synonymous SNP allele frequencies in a discovery cohort of well-characterised patients with chronic CRPS-1 (n=34) compared with population databases. Identified SNP alleles were confirmed by Sanger sequencing and sought in a replication cohort (n=50). Gene expression of peripheral blood macrophages was assessed. RESULTS In the discovery cohort, the rare allele frequencies of four non-synonymous SNPs were statistically increased. The replication cohort confirmed this finding. In a chronic pain cohort, these alleles were not overexpressed. In total, 25 out of 84 (29.8%) patients with CRPS-1 expressed a rare allele. The SNPs were rs41289586 in ANO10, rs28360457 in P2RX7, rs1126930 in PRKAG1 and rs80308281 in SLC12A9. Males were more likely than females to have a rare SNP allele, 8 out of 14 (57.1%) vs 17 out of 70 (24.3%) (Fisher's p=0.023). ANO10, P2RX7, PRKAG1 and SLC12A9 were all expressed in macrophages from healthy human controls. CONCLUSION A single SNP in each of the genes ANO10, P2RX7, PRKAG1 and SLC12A9 was associated with developing chronic CRPS-1, with more males than females expressing these rare alleles. Our work suggests the possibility that a permissive genetic background is an important factor in the development of CRPS-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiha S Shaikh
- Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Andreas Goebel
- Pain Research Institute, Clinical Sciences Centre, University of Liverpool Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael C Lee
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Michael S Nahorski
- Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Nicholas Shenker
- Department of Rheumatology, Addenbrooke's Hospital Rheumatology Department, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Yunisa Pamela
- Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ichrak Drissi
- Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Christopher Brown
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Gillian Ison
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Maliha F Shaikh
- Department of Rheumatology, Addenbrooke's Hospital Rheumatology Department, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Anoop Kuttikat
- Department of Rheumatology, Addenbrooke's Hospital Rheumatology Department, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - William A Woods
- Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Abhishek Dixit
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Kaitlin Stouffer
- Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Murray Ch Clarke
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - David K Menon
- Brain Physics Laboratory, University of Cambridge Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - C Geoffrey Woods
- Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
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4
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Lee MC, Puglisi LB, Kelso JM. Comparison of Standard, Cluster, and Rush Allergy Immunotherapy Buildup Protocols. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2023; 11:2884-2889. [PMID: 37369309 PMCID: PMC10527491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergy immunotherapy (AIT) involves a dose-escalation phase following 1 of 3 protocols: standard, cluster, or rush. Although the cluster and rush protocols have been shown to decrease the time to reach maintenance dosing, there is a lack of direct comparison between the protocols. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the differences in time to maintenance dosing and occurrence of adverse reactions among the dose-escalation protocols. METHODS A retrospective observation study of patients on AIT was conducted. Patients were categorized as participating in the standard, cluster, or rush buildup protocols. Patients on the rush protocol, unlike the standard and cluster protocols, were required to receive prednisone, montelukast, cetirizine, and famotidine on the rush day and first 2 weekly injections thereafter. Variables analyzed include patient demographics, time until maintenance dosing, rate of adverse reactions, treatments required for reactions, and AIT formulation. RESULTS Data were reviewed on 237 patients on the standard (n = 41), cluster (n = 122), and rush (n = 74) protocols. The maintenance dose was achieved faster with the rush (16.50 weeks) and cluster (19.33 weeks) buildup protocols than the standard (31.09 weeks) protocol (P < .001). There was no statistically significant difference between time to maintenance dosing when comparing the cluster and rush protocols (P = .322). Despite pretreatment with the rush protocol, the rate of systemic reactions was the same for the standard (9.76%), cluster (9.84%), or rush (14.86%) buildup protocols (P = .526). CONCLUSION Patients on the cluster buildup protocol for AIT achieved maintenance dosing in a comparable time frame as the rush protocol with a similar rate of systemic reactions and without the need for the pretreatment required with rush immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Lee
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, Calif.
| | - Leah B Puglisi
- Whittier Diabetes Institute, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, Calif
| | - John M Kelso
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, Calif
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5
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Lee MC, Gardner SH, Tapia Hernandez R, Chan J. Application of AlDeSense to Stratify Ovarian Cancer Cells Based on Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1 Activity. J Vis Exp 2023. [PMID: 37067271 DOI: 10.3791/64713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Relapse after cancer treatment is often attributed to the persistence of a subpopulation of tumor cells known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are characterized by their remarkable tumor-initiating and self-renewal capacity. Depending on the origin of the tumor (e.g., ovaries), the CSC surface biomarker profile can vary dramatically, making the identification of such cells via immunohistochemical staining a challenging endeavor. On the contrary, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) has emerged as an excellent marker to identify CSCs, owing to its conserved expression profile in nearly all progenitor cells including CSCs. The ALDH1A1 isoform belongs to a superfamily of 19 enzymes that are responsible for the oxidation of various endogenous and xenobiotic aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acid products. Chan et al. recently developed AlDeSense, an isoform-selective "turn-on" probe for the detection of ALDH1A1 activity, as well as a non-reactive matching control reagent (Ctrl-AlDeSense) to account for off-target staining. This isoform-selective tool has already been demonstrated to be a versatile chemical tool through the detection of ALDH1A1 activity in K562 myelogenous leukemia cells, mammospheres, and melanoma-derived CSC xenografts. In this article, the utility of the probe was showcased through additional fluorimetry, confocal microscopy, and flow cytometry experiments where the relative ALDH1A1 activity was determined in a panel of five ovarian cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Cancer Center of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
| | - Sarah H Gardner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Cancer Center of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
| | - Rodrigo Tapia Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Cancer Center of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Cancer Center of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign;
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6
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East AK, Lee MC, Jiang C, Sikander Q, Chan J. Biomimetic Approach to Promote Cellular Uptake and Enhance Photoacoustic Properties of Tumor-Seeking Dyes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7313-7322. [PMID: 36973171 PMCID: PMC10120057 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The attachment of glucose to drugs and imaging agents enables cancer cell targeting via interactions with GLUT1 overexpressed on the cell surface. While an added benefit of this modification is the solubilizing effect of carbohydrates, in the context of imaging agents, aqueous solubility does not guarantee decreased π-stacking or aggregation. The resulting broadening of the absorbance spectrum is a detriment to photoacoustic (PA) imaging since the signal intensity, accuracy, and image quality all rely on reliable spectral unmixing. To address this major limitation and further enhance the tumor-targeting ability of imaging agents, we have taken a biomimetic approach to design a multivalent glucose moiety (mvGlu). We showcase the utility of this new group by developing aza-BODIPY-based contrast agents boasting a significant PA signal enhancement greater than 11-fold after spectral unmixing. Moreover, when applied to targeting cancer cells, effective staining could be achieved with ultra-low dye concentrations (50 nM) and compared to a non-targeted analogue, the signal intensity was >1000-fold higher. Lastly, we employed the mvGlu technology to develop a logic-gated acoustogenic probe to detect intratumoral copper (i.e., Cu(I)), which is an emerging cancer biomarker, in a murine model of breast cancer. This exciting application was not possible using other acoustogenic probes previously developed for copper sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K East
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michael C Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Qasim Sikander
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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7
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Xu JJ, Lucero MY, Herndon NL, Lee MC, Chan J. Comparison of a Minimally Invasive Transthoracic Approach and a Surgical Method for Intrapleural Injection of Tumor Cells in Mice. Comp Med 2023; 73:120-126. [PMID: 36922006 PMCID: PMC10162381 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-22-000044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Intrapleural injections can be used in mice to deliver therapeutic and diagnostic agents and to model human disease processes (for example, pleural fluid accumulation, malignant pleural disease, and lung cancers). In the context of establishing cancer models, minimally invasive methods of intrapleural injection are desirable because inflammation at the injection site can have a major impact on tumor growth and progression. Common approaches for intrapleural injection include surgical exposure of the thoracic wall or the diaphragm prior to injection; however, these invasive procedures require tissue dissection that triggers an undesirable inflammatory response and increases the risk of pneumothorax. While nonsurgical procedures can minimize this concern, 'blind' injections may lead to off target inoculation. In this study, we hypothesized that a minimally invasive transthoracic approach (MI-TT) would produce a tumor distribution and burden similar to that of a surgical transabdominal approach (SX-TA). Prior to performing the procedures on live mice, surgeons were trained using cadavers and terminal procedures. Then a total of 14 nude mice (female, 4 to 6 wk old) were injected with 50 μL (5 million) A549-Luc2 human cancer cells either using the MI-TT (n = 8) or SX-TA (n = 6) approach under carprofen analgesia and isoflurane anesthesia. Our results indicate that with training, a minimally invasive transthoracic approach for intrapleural injection provides more consistent tumor placement and a greater tumor burden than does the surgical method. However, additional studies are necessary to confirm anatomic placement and characterize tumor profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Jessica Xu
- Division of Animal Resources
- Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, and
| | - Melissa Y Lucero
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Nicole L Herndon
- Division of Animal Resources
- Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, and
| | - Michael C Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
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Lee MC, Jeyalingam T, Parker CH, Liu LW. A125 TANDEM STUDY DESIGN IS LESS LIKELY TO DEMONSTRATE IMPROVED ADENOMA DETECTION RATE THAN PARALLEL STUDY DESIGN IN THE ASSESSMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-ASSISTED COLONOSCOPY. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991295 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Randomized controlled trials have reported that artificial intelligence (AI) improves adenoma detection rate (ADR). Different methodologies, namely parallel and tandem study designs, have been employed to evaluate the efficacy of AI-assisted colonoscopy in randomized controlled trials. In systematic reviews and meta-analyses, a pooled effect that includes both study designs have been reported. However, it is unclear whether there are inconsistencies in the reported results of these two designs. Purpose To determine if there are differences in ADR using AI-aided technologies during colonoscopy between parallel and tandem study designs Method A systematic search of Ovid MEDLINE (1946 to October 2022) and EMBASE (1947 to October 2022) for randomized controlled trials comparing AI-assisted colonoscopy with routine high-definition colonoscopy in polyp detection was conducted. Reference lists of systematic reviews were searched for additional studies. The publications were divided based on trial design: parallel vs. tandem. Analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4.1 using a random effects model. Result(s) The search identified 540 articles. After screening the title and abstract for relevance, 19 randomized controlled trials involving a total of 14 657 patients were included for full-text review. Fourteen were parallel studies (14 136 patients) and 5 were tandem studies (521 patients). ADR was reported in 17 studies, and there was overall improvement in ADR with AI-assisted colonoscopy (risk ratio [RR] 1.33, 95% CI 1.22-1.44; p<.0001). Based on a separate pooled analyses of 13 parallel studies and 4 tandem studies, ADR significantly improved with AI assistance compared to routine colonoscopy, regardless of study design (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.24-1.47 and p<.0001; RR 1.15, 95% CI 1.03-1.28; p=0.02, respectively). A significant increase in ADR with AI assistance were found in 84.6% (11/13) of parallel design studies, but in only 25% (1/4) of tandem studies. Image ![]()
Conclusion(s) AI assistance during colonoscopy significantly increased ADR in both parallel and tandem studies; however, improvement in ADR was less likely to be seen in tandem compared to parallel studies. It remains unclear why this difference exists, but some hypotheses include smaller sample sizes in the tandem studies, significant heterogeneity in the tandem design, and differences in operator bias depending on study design. Better understanding the differences in these study designs will inform future studies of new endoscopic technologies. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - T Jeyalingam
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - C H Parker
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - L W Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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9
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East AK, Lee MC, Smaga LP, Jiang C, Mallojjala SC, Hirschi JS, Chan J. Synthesis of Silicon-Substituted Hemicyanines for Multimodal SWIR Imaging. Org Lett 2022; 24:8509-8513. [PMID: 36374323 PMCID: PMC10112353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
SWIR dyes offer many advantages over their more common NIR congeners; however, the available options are limited. New SWIR imaging agents can be accessed by remodeling existing NIR molecules (i.e., hemicyanines (HDs)). In this study, we synthesized SWIR-HD, a modified HD featuring dimethylsilicon and benzo[cd]indolium groups that are designed to red-shift the absorbance and emission to 988 and 1126 nm, respectively. SWIR-HD was employed to visualize the liver and tumors via multimodal SWIR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K. East
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michael C. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Lukas P. Smaga
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Sharath C. Mallojjala
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Jennifer S. Hirschi
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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10
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Todd J, Aspell JE, Lee MC, Thiruchelvam N. How is pain associated with pelvic mesh implants measured? Refinement of the construct and a scoping review of current assessment tools. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:396. [PMID: 36180841 PMCID: PMC9523957 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01977-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recommendations for the management of pain related to pelvic mesh implants are still under development. One limitation that has impeded progress in this area is that mesh-related pain has not been consistently defined or measured. Here, we reviewed the ways in which pain associated with pelvic mesh implants has been measured, and mapped the ways in which these existing measures capture the construct. METHODS First, we reviewed existing accounts of the pain associated with pelvic mesh implants to develop a multifaceted construct definition, which includes aspects related to pain intensity, timing, body location, phenomenological qualities, impact/interference with daily living, and patient expectations and beliefs. Next, we reviewed the ways that the construct has been measured in the extant literature. RESULTS Within 333 eligible studies, 28 different assessments of pain associated with pelvic mesh were identified, and 61% of studies reported using more than one measurement tool. Questionnaire measures included measures designed to assess urological and/or pelvic symptoms, generic measures and unvalidated measures. We did not identify any validated questionnaire measures designed to assess pain associated with pelvic mesh implants. The phenomenological, location, and expectation/belief components of the construct were not captured well by the identified questionnaire measures, and there is no evidence that any of the identified measures have appropriate psychometric properties for the assessment of pain related to pelvic mesh implants. CONCLUSIONS We recommend further qualitative research regarding women's experiences of pelvic mesh-related pain assessment, and the development of a condition-specific patient reported outcome measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB1 1PT, UK.
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Jane E Aspell
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Michael C Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Anaesthesia, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nikesh Thiruchelvam
- Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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11
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Lee MC, Wong YK, Lee ACW, Fung HS, Chiang JB, Kwok CH, Chiu LF. Single-centre Initial Experience of Transradial Access for Abdominal Interventional Radiology. Hong Kong Journal of Radiology 2022. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr2217400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- MC Lee
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - YK Wong
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - ACW Lee
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - HS Fung
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - JB Chiang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - CH Kwok
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - LF Chiu
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
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12
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Tapia Hernandez R, Lee MC, Yadav AK, Chan J. Repurposing Cyanine Photoinstability To Develop Near-Infrared Light-Activatable Nanogels for In Vivo Cargo Delivery. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18101-18108. [PMID: 36153991 PMCID: PMC10088867 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The favorable properties of cyanines (e.g., near-infrared (NIR) absorbance and emission) have made this class of dyes popular for a wide variety of biomedical applications. However, many cyanines are prone to rapid photobleaching when irradiated with light. In this study, we have exploited this undesirable trait to develop NIR-nanogels for NIR light-mediated cargo delivery. NIR-nanogels feature a photolabile cyanine cross-linker (Cy780-Acryl) that can cleave via dioxetane chemistry when irradiated. This photochemical process results in the formation of two carbonyl fragments and concomitant NIR-nanogel degradation to facilitate cargo release. In contrast to studies where cyanines are utilized as photocages, our approach does not require direct chemical attachment to the cargo, thus expanding our ability to deliver molecules that cannot be covalently modified. We showcase this feature by encapsulating a palette of small-molecule chemotherapeutics that feature a structurally diverse chemical architecture. To demonstrate site-selective release in vivo, we generated a murine model of breast cancer. Relative to nonlight irradiated and drug-free controls, treatment with NIR-nanogels loaded with paclitaxel (a potent cytotoxic agent) and NIR light resulted in significant attenuation of tumor growth. Moreover, we show via histological staining of the vital organs that minimal off-target effects are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Tapia Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michael C Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Anuj K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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13
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Bingel U, Wiech K, Ritter C, Wanigasekera V, Mhuircheartaigh R, Lee MC, Ploner M, Tracey I. Hippocampus mediates nocebo impairment of opioid analgesia through changes in functional connectivity. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:3967-3978. [PMID: 35537867 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The neural mechanisms underlying placebo analgesia have attracted considerable attention over the recent years. In contrast, little is known about the neural underpinnings of a nocebo-induced increase in pain. We previously showed that nocebo-induced hyperalgesia is accompanied by increased activity in the hippocampus that scaled with the perceived level of anxiety. As a key node of the neural circuitry of perceived threat and fear, the hippocampus has recently been proposed to coordinate defensive behaviour in a context-dependent manner. Such a role requires close interactions with other regions involved in the detection of and responses to threat. Here, we investigated the functional connectivity of the hippocampus during nocebo-induced hyperalgesia. Our results show an increase in functional connectivity between hippocampus and brain regions implicated in the processing of sensory-discriminative aspects of pain (posterior insula and primary somatosensory/motor cortex) as well as the periaqueductal gray (PAG). This nocebo-induced increase in connectivity scaled with an individual's increase in anxiety. Moreover, hippocampus connectivity with the amygdala was negatively correlated with the pain intensity reported during nocebo hyperalgesia relative to the placebo condition. Our findings suggest that the hippocampus links nocebo-induced anxiety to a heightened responsiveness to nociceptive input through changes in its crosstalk with pain-modulatory brain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Bingel
- Department of Neurology, Center of Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences, Hufelandstraße 55, University Medicine Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Katja Wiech
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Christoph Ritter
- Department of Neurology, Center of Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences, Hufelandstraße 55, University Medicine Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Brain Imaging Facility, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vishvarani Wanigasekera
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Roisin Mhuircheartaigh
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK.,Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles St., University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael C Lee
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK.,Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Markus Ploner
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Irene Tracey
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
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14
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Yadav AK, Lee MC, Lucero MY, Su S, Reinhardt CJ, Chan J. Activity-Based NIR Bioluminescence Probe Enables Discovery of Diet-Induced Modulation of the Tumor Microenvironment via Nitric Oxide. ACS Cent Sci 2022; 8:461-472. [PMID: 35505872 PMCID: PMC9052803 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays a critical role in acute and chronic inflammation. NO's contributions to cancer are of particular interest due to its context-dependent bioactivities. For example, immune cells initially produce cytotoxic quantities of NO in response to the nascent tumor. However, it is believed that this fades over time and reaches a concentration that supports the tumor microenvironment (TME). These complex dynamics are further complicated by other factors, such as diet and oxygenation, making it challenging to establish a complete picture of NO's impact on tumor progression. Although many activity-based sensing (ABS) probes for NO have been developed, only a small fraction have been employed in vivo, and fewer yet are practical in cancer models where the NO concentration is <200 nM. To overcome this outstanding challenge, we have developed BL660-NO, the first ABS probe for NIR bioluminescence imaging of NO in cancer. Owing to the low intrinsic background, high sensitivity, and deep tissue imaging capabilities of our design, BL660-NO was successfully employed to visualize endogenous NO in cellular systems, a human liver metastasis model, and a murine breast cancer model. Importantly, its exceptional performance facilitated two dietary studies which examine the impact of fat intake on NO and the TME. BL660-NO provides the first direct molecular evidence that intratumoral NO becomes elevated in mice fed a high-fat diet, which became obese with larger tumors, compared to control animals on a low-fat diet. These results indicate that an inflammatory diet can increase NO production via recruitment of macrophages and overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase which in turn can drive tumor progression.
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15
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Bernard Healey SA, Scholtes I, Abrahams M, McNaughton PA, Menon DK, Lee MC. Role of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels in neuropathic pain: a proof-of-concept study of ivabradine in patients with chronic peripheral neuropathic pain. Pain Rep 2021; 6:e967. [PMID: 34712888 PMCID: PMC8547924 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel receptors mediate neuropathic pain in preclinical models. Here, exploratory analysis reveals a dose-dependent reduction in pain with HCN blockade in patients with neuropathic pain. Introduction: Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) ion channels mediate repetitive action potential firing in the heart and nervous system. The HCN2 isoform is expressed in nociceptors, and preclinical studies suggest a critical role in neuropathic pain. Ivabradine is a nonselective HCN blocker currently available for prescription for cardiac indications. Mouse data suggest that ivabradine in high concentrations is equianalgesic with gabapentin. We sought to translate these findings to patients with chronic peripheral neuropathic pain. Objectives: We sought to translate these findings to patients with chronic peripheral neuropathic pain. Methods: We adopted an open-label design, administering increasing doses of ivabradine to target a heart rate of 50 to 60 BPM, up to a maximum of 7.5 mg twice daily. All participants scored their pain on an 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS). Results: Seven (7) participants received the drug and completed the study. There was no significant treatment effect on the primary endpoint, the difference between the mean score at baseline and at maximum dosing (mean reduction = 0.878, 95% CI = −2.07 to 0.31, P = 0.1). Exploratory analysis using linear mixed models, however, revealed a highly significant correlation between ivabradine dose and pain scores (χ2(1) = 74.6, P < 0.001), with a reduction of 0.12 ± 0.01 (SEM) NRS points per milligram. The 2 participants with painful diabetic neuropathy responded particularly well. Conclusion: This suggests that ivabradine may be efficacious at higher doses, particularly in patients with diabetic neuropathic pain. Importantly, participants reported no adverse effects. These data suggest that ivabradine, a peripherally restricted drug (devoid of central nervous system side effects), is well tolerated in patients with chronic neuropathic pain. Ivabradine is now off-patent, and its analgesic potential merits further investigation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ingrid Scholtes
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Abrahams
- Pain Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter A McNaughton
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David K Menon
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michael C Lee
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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16
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Bakshi N, Hart AL, Lee MC, Williams ACDC, Lackner JM, Norton C, Croft P. Chronic pain in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Pain 2021; 162:2466-2471. [PMID: 34534174 PMCID: PMC8442739 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikul Bakshi
- Research Department, Crohn's and Colitis UK, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Michael C. Lee
- Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda C de C. Williams
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, and Pain Management Centre, University College Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey M. Lackner
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Christine Norton
- Division of Care for Long-Term Conditions, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Croft
- Primary Care Centre Versus Arthritis and Centre for Prognosis Research, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom
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17
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Tran AQ, Topilow N, Rong A, Persad PJ, Lee MC, Lee JH, Anagnostopoulos AG, Lee WW. Comparison of Skin Antiseptic Agents and the Role of 0.01% Hypochlorous Acid. Aesthet Surg J 2021; 41:1170-1175. [PMID: 33247899 PMCID: PMC8438591 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjaa322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypochlorous acid (HA) has both anti-microbial and wound-healing properties with a growing role for utilization in pre-procedural care on the face. OBJECTIVES The authors sought to compare the antiseptic property of 0.01% HA solution, 5% povidone iodine (PI), 4% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), and 70% isopropyl alcohol (IPA) antiseptic on facial skin. METHODS This was a prospective single-center clinical trial. RESULTS A total of 21 participants were recruited. Bacterial growth was seen in CHG (10%), IPA (71%), PI (81%), and HA (95%) of specimens (P < 0.001). CHG had less growth compared with HA (P = <0.001), IPA (P = <0.001), and PI (P = <0.001). No difference in bacterial growth was noted between HA and IPA (P = 0.063) or HA and PI (P = 0.25). Significant differences in mono-microbial and poly-microbial growth were seen between HA and IPA (P = 0.046) and HA and CHG (P = <0.001). Staphylococcus epidermidis grew less frequently in CHG (10%), followed by IPA (29%), PI (71%), and HA (71%). Staphylococcus capitis grew less frequently in CHG (0%), followed by PI (14%), HA (24%), and IPA (29%). CONCLUSIONS CHG reduced the bacterial growth compared with HA, PI, and IPA. However, HA, PI, and IPA had insignificant differences in bactericidal effects. Our study provides a supporting role of HA to be considered as an antiseptic. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Q Tran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oculoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nicole Topilow
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oculoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Andrew Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oculoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Patrice J Persad
- Department of Statistics, University of Miami Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - James H Lee
- Westminster High School, Palmetto Bay, FL, USA
| | - Apostolos G Anagnostopoulos
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oculoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wendy W Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oculoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, FL, USA
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18
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Lucero MY, East AK, Reinhardt CJ, Sedgwick AC, Su S, Lee MC, Chan J. Development of NIR-II Photoacoustic Probes Tailored for Deep-Tissue Sensing of Nitric Oxide. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7196-7202. [PMID: 33905646 PMCID: PMC8274393 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has emerged as a reliable in vivo technique for diverse biomedical applications ranging from disease screening to analyte sensing. Most contemporary PA imaging agents employ NIR-I light (650-900 nm) to generate an ultrasound signal; however, there is significant interference from endogenous biomolecules such as hemoglobin that are PA active in this window. Transitioning to longer excitation wavelengths (i.e., NIR-II) reduces the background and facilitates the detection of low abundance targets (e.g., nitric oxide, NO). In this study, we employed a two-phase tuning approach to develop APNO-1080, a NIR-II NO-responsive probe for deep-tissue PA imaging. First, we performed Hammett and Brønsted analyses to identify a highly reactive and selective aniline-based trigger that reacts with NO via N-nitrosation chemistry. Next, we screened a panel of NIR-II platforms to identify chemical structures that have a low propensity to aggregate since this can diminish the PA signal. In a head-to-head comparison with a NIR-I analogue, APNO-1080 was 17.7-fold more sensitive in an in vitro tissue phantom assay. To evaluate the deep-tissue imaging capabilities of APNO-1080 in vivo, we performed PA imaging in an orthotopic breast cancer model and a heterotopic lung cancer model. Relative to control mice not bearing tumors, the normalized turn-on response was 1.3 ± 0.12 and 1.65 ± 0.07, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Y Lucero
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Amanda K East
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Christopher J Reinhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Adam C Sedgwick
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Shengzhang Su
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michael C Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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19
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Lee MC, Nahorski MS, Hockley JRF, Lu VB, Ison G, Pattison LA, Callejo G, Stouffer K, Fletcher E, Brown C, Drissi I, Wheeler D, Ernfors P, Menon D, Reimann F, Smith ESJ, Woods CG. Human Labor Pain Is Influenced by the Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel K V6.4 Subunit. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107941. [PMID: 32697988 PMCID: PMC7383234 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
By studying healthy women who do not request analgesia during their first delivery, we investigate genetic effects on labor pain. Such women have normal sensory and psychometric test results, except for significantly higher cuff pressure pain. We find an excess of heterozygotes carrying the rare allele of SNP rs140124801 in KCNG4. The rare variant KV6.4-Met419 has a dominant-negative effect and cannot modulate the voltage dependence of KV2.1 inactivation because it fails to traffic to the plasma membrane. In vivo, Kcng4 (KV6.4) expression occurs in 40% of retrograde-labeled mouse uterine sensory neurons, all of which express KV2.1, and over 90% express the nociceptor genes Trpv1 and Scn10a. In neurons overexpressing KV6.4-Met419, the voltage dependence of inactivation for KV2.1 is more depolarized compared with neurons overexpressing KV6.4. Finally, KV6.4-Met419-overexpressing neurons have a higher action potential threshold. We conclude that KV6.4 can influence human labor pain by modulating the excitability of uterine nociceptors. KCNG4 variant highly prevalent in women requiring no analgesia in childbirth KCNG4 variant encodes KV6.4Met-419; KV6.4 is a silent subunit modifying KV activity KV6.4Met-419 is retained in the cytoplasm and acts in a dominant-negative manner KV6.4Met-419 overexpression results in hypoexcitable sensory neurons
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Lee
- University Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Michael S Nahorski
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust MRC Building, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - James R F Hockley
- Department of Pharmacology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Van B Lu
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Gillian Ison
- University Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Luke A Pattison
- Department of Pharmacology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Gerard Callejo
- Department of Pharmacology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Kaitlin Stouffer
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust MRC Building, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Emily Fletcher
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust MRC Building, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Christopher Brown
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZA, UK
| | - Ichrak Drissi
- University Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Daniel Wheeler
- University Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Patrik Ernfors
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Menon
- University Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Frank Reimann
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | | | - C Geoffrey Woods
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust MRC Building, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
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20
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Kwon SB, Ro DH, Song MK, Han HS, Lee MC, Kim HC. Identifying key gait features associated with the radiological grade of knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:1755-1760. [PMID: 31400498 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is characterized by pain and decreased gait function. This study assessed key features that can be used as mechanical biomarkers for KOA severity and progression. The identified features were validated statistically and were further examined by developing a classification model based on a machine-learning algorithm. METHODS The study included 227 volunteers with various grades of KOA. The severity of KOA was graded using the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) system. A total of 165 features were extracted from the gait data. The key features were selected using neighborhood component analysis. The selected features were validated using the t-test. Then, the features were examined by building a classification model using a random forest algorithm. RESULTS Twenty features were identified that could discriminate the grade of KOA, including nine features extracted from the knee joint, seven from the hip, two from the ankle and two from the spatiotemporal gait parameters. The t-test showed that some features differed significantly between health and sever group, while some were significantly different among the severe group, and others were significantly different for all KL grades. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for classification were 0.974, 0.992, 0.845, 0.894, and 0.905 for KL grades 0 through 4, respectively. CONCLUSION Key gait features reflecting the grade of KOA were identified. The results of the statistical analysis and machine-learning algorithm show that the features can discriminate the severity of disease according to the KL grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Kwon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D H Ro
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - M K Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - H-S Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - M C Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - H C Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Medical & Biological Engineering, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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21
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Wheeler DW, Bhatia A, Mani V, Kinna S, Bell A, Boyle Y, Chizh BA, Menon DK, Lee MC. Evaluation of Postsurgical Hyperalgesia and Sensitization After Open Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Useful Model for Neuropathic Pain? J Pain 2019; 20:1199-1208. [PMID: 31005594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous mechanical hyperalgesia can be induced in healthy volunteers in early phase analgesic studies to model central sensitization, a key mechanism of persistent pain. However, such hyperalgesia is short-lived (a matter of hours), and is used only for assessing only single drug doses. In contrast, postsurgical peri-incisional hyperalgesia may be more persistent and hence be a more useful model for the assessment of the efficacy of new analgesics. We undertook quantitative sensory testing in 18 patients at peri-incisional and nonoperated sites before open inguinal hernia repair and up to the 24th postsurgical week. The spatial extent of punctate hyperalgesia and brush allodynia at the peri-incisional site were greatest at weeks 2 and 4, but had resolved by week 24. Heat allodynia, suggestive of local inflammation or peripheral sensitization, was not observed; instead, there were deficits in cold and heat sensory detection that persisted until week 24. The findings suggest that central sensitization contributes significantly to mechanical hyperalgesia at the peri-incisional site. The prolonged duration of hyperalgesia would be advantageous as a pain model, but there was considerable variability of mechanical hyperalgesia in the cohort; the challenges of recruitment may limit its use to small, early phase analgesic studies. PERSPECTIVE: Peri-incisional mechanical hyperalgesia persists for ≥4 weeks after open inguinal hernia repair and reflects central sensitization; this may have usefulness as a model of chronic pain to assess the potential of antineuropathic analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anuj Bhatia
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto and Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sara Kinna
- Department of Anaesthesia, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Bell
- Department of Anaesthesia, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yvonne Boyle
- Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation (GlaxoSmithKline), Cambridge, UK
| | - Boris A Chizh
- Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation (GlaxoSmithKline), Cambridge, UK
| | - David K Menon
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael C Lee
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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22
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Gratrix J, Smyczek P, Bertholet L, Lee MC, Pyne D, Woods D, Courtney K, Ahmed R. A cross-sectional evaluation of opt-in testing for sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections in three Canadian provincial correctional facilities: a missed opportunity for public health? Int J Prison Health 2019; 15:273-281. [PMID: 31329036 DOI: 10.1108/ijph-07-2018-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Incarceration provides an opportunity for screening and treatment of sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBIs) in high-risk groups. The purpose of this paper is to determine positivity rates of STBBI screening within correctional facilities using opt-in strategies and estimate the proportion of admissions tested. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH A cross-sectional, retrospective review of testing data from January 2012 to August 2015 from three provincial correctional facilities located in Alberta, Canada was completed. Analysis variables included STBBI, gender, facility, collection year and age. STBBI-stratified analysis was performed to identify correlates for positivity using univariate and logistic regressions. FINDINGS Overall prevalence of chlamydia was 11.2 percent and gonorrhea was 3.5 percent; correlates for both were younger age and facility type. The syphilis prevalence rate was 3.2 percent; correlates included being female, older age, adult facilities, with later years being protective. In total, 14 (0.3 percent) newly diagnosed HIV cases were found, prevalence increased with age. HBV prevalence was 1.7 percent with no significant correlations. Nearly one-tenth (n=422) of those screened for HCV antibody were positive; all variables were significantly correlated. Overall estimates of the proportion of admissions tested by STBBI were low and ranged from 4.8 to 16.1 percent. ORIGINALITY/VALUE This study found high rates of STBBI in correctional facilities and showed that only a small proportion of the population was tested using an opt-in strategy. Shifting to an "opt-out" strategy may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Gratrix
- Department of STI Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Petra Smyczek
- Department of STI Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Lindsay Bertholet
- Department of STI Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - M C Lee
- Microbiology Department, DynaLIFE Dx, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Diane Pyne
- Department of Corrections Health, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Dan Woods
- Department of Corrections Health, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Keith Courtney
- Department of Corrections Health, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Rabia Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Canada
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23
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Anagnostopoulos AG, Rong A, Miller D, Tran AQ, Head T, Lee MC, Lee WW. 0.01% Hypochlorous Acid as an Alternative Skin Antiseptic: An In Vitro Comparison. Dermatol Surg 2019; 44:1489-1493. [PMID: 29985866 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000001594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compare the in vitro efficacy of hypochlorous acid 0.01% (HA), povidone iodine 5% (PI), chlorhexidine gluconate 4% (CHG), and isopropyl alcohol 70% (IPA) against common skin microorganisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Time-kill studies were conducted against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (MSSE), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and S. epidermidis (MRSE), Candida albicans, Corynebacterium species (striatum and amycolatum), Propionibacterium acnes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus capitis, and Staphylococcus xylosus. RESULTS Methicillin-resistant S. aureus: Bactericidal effect was immediate for HA and IPA. For PI and CHG, the effect occurred at 1 and 10 minutes, respectively. Methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis: Hypochlorous acid, IPA, and PI had immediate bactericidal effects, whereas CHG required 1 minute. Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus: All agents had bactericidal effects at 1 minute. C. species, S. pyogenes, P. aeruginosa, and P. acnes: All antiseptics demonstrated immediate bactericidal effects. Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis and S. capitis: Hypochlorous acid and IPA had immediate effect, whereas PI and CHG required 1 minute. C. albicans: Hypochlorous acid, IPA, and PI were immediately bactericidal, whereas CHG required 1 minute. S. xylosus: Hypochlorous acid and CHG were immediately bactericidal, whereas IPA and PI required 1 and 2 minutes, respectively. CONCLUSION In vitro studies of HA 0.01% were observed to have equal or more efficacious antiseptic properties compared with IPA, CHG, and PI. Future studies will be needed to investigate its role in periocular use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos G Anagnostopoulos
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oculoplastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida
| | - Andrew Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oculoplastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida
| | - Darlene Miller
- Department of Microbiology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida
| | - Ann Q Tran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oculoplastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida
| | - Trajen Head
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Wendy W Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oculoplastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida
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24
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Liveringhouse CL, Diaz R, Ahmed KA, Lee MC, Czerniecki B, Laronga C, Khakpour N, Weinfurtner RJ, Rosa M, Montejo ME. Abstract OT2-04-05: Phase II trial of pre-operative stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in early-stage breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-ot2-04-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:
Post-operative accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) has demonstrated efficacy in preventing in-breast tumor recurrence. Pre-operative administration of APBI may be advantageous as an intact breast tumor is smaller than its corresponding lumpectomy cavity, is easier to distinguish on treatment-planning images, and results in smaller and more accurately delineated target volumes. Pre-operative APBI may reduce the incidence of positive margins following breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Investigation is needed in the correlation of MR imaging with pathologic response 6 weeks after SABR. Also, evidence suggests that SABR induces immune activation in the tumor microenvironment; evaluation of excised tumor tissue will give insight into these processes.
Trial Design:
Treatment Planning and Delivery: CT simulation and treatment are performed in the prone position. Diagnostic MRI is fused to planning CT. GTV is delineated on registered breast MRI and includes the intact breast tumor. CTV is 15mm expansion of GTV. PTV is 3 mm expansion of CTV. VMAT or IMRT are permitted. Daily image-guidance aligning to tumor and biopsy-fiducial is mandatory. All subjects undergo pre-operative SABR to 28.5 Gy in 3 fractions of 9.5 Gy on different days separated by ≤48 hours. CTCAE v4 is used to assess toxicity 4-5 weeks after SABR. Pre-operative diagnostic MRI is performed 5-6 weeks following SABR. Imaging parameters to be evaluated include changes in tumor size, enhancement, and tumor margin description. BCS will be 6-8 weeks following SABR.
Tissue pathology: Margin status and degree of pathologic response are recorded from breast-conserving excisions, specimens are archived for future analysis.
Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion criteria are women age ≥50 with biopsy proven invasive breast adenocarcinoma with tumor size ≤2cm on MRI, cN0 M0, ER+/HER2-, without history of invasive malignancy or prior breast/thoracic radiotherapy.
Exclusion criteria are active scleroderma or lupus erythematosus with skin involvement, MRI defined tumor within 10 mm of skin, implanted hardware prohibiting appropriate treatment planning or delivery, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, carrier of BRCA1 or 2 gene mutation, pregnancy.
Specific Aims:
The primary endpoint is pathologic complete response (pCR) in the breast tumor, secondary endpoints are incidence of adequate surgical margins (defined as “no tumor on ink”) and MRI response following SABR. Analyses of tumor immune response and microenvironment on pathologic specimens following SABR will also be performed.
Statistical Methods:
Fisher's exact test will be performed to examine associations between patient/tumor characteristics and pCR and surgical margins; these associations will be explored with multivariable logistic and linear regressions.
Accrual:
Present accrual is 9 subjects.
Expected accrual is 22 subjects; if ≥3 pCR are noted in the initial cohort, accrual will be expanded to 40 subjects.
Citation Format: Liveringhouse CL, Diaz R, Ahmed KA, Lee MC, Czerniecki B, Laronga C, Khakpour N, Weinfurtner RJ, Rosa M, Montejo ME. Phase II trial of pre-operative stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in early-stage breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-04-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- CL Liveringhouse
- University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - R Diaz
- University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - KA Ahmed
- University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - MC Lee
- University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - B Czerniecki
- University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - C Laronga
- University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - N Khakpour
- University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - RJ Weinfurtner
- University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - M Rosa
- University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - ME Montejo
- University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
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Lee MC, Liao CT, Toh HS. P6582Systematic review and network meta-analysis: the efficacy and safety of oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation in asian. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p6582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M C Lee
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Pharmacy, Tainan, Taiwan ROC
| | - C T Liao
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Cardiology, Tainan, Taiwan ROC
| | - H S Toh
- Chi-Mei Medical Center, Intensive care medicine, Tainan, Taiwan ROC
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26
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Furst A, Smith MJ, Lee MC, Francis MB. DNA Hybridization To Interface Current-Producing Cells with Electrode Surfaces. ACS Cent Sci 2018; 4:880-884. [PMID: 30062116 PMCID: PMC6062829 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
As fossil fuels are increasingly linked to environmental damage, the development of renewable, affordable biological alternative fuels is vital. Shewanella oneidensis is often suggested as a potential component of bioelectrochemical cells because of its ability to act as an electron donor to metal surfaces. These microbes remain challenging to implement, though, due to inconsistency in biofilm formation on electrodes and therefore current generation. We have applied DNA hybridization-based cell adhesion to immobilize S. oneidensis on electrodes. High levels of current are reproducibly generated from these cell layers following only 30 min of immobilization without the need for the formation of a biofilm. Upon incorporation of DNA mismatches in the microbe immobilization sequence, significant attenuation in current production is observed, suggesting that at least part of the electron transfer to the electrode is DNA-mediated. This method of microbe assembly is rapid, reproducible, and facile for the production of anodes for biofuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel
L. Furst
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Matthew J. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Michael C. Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Matthew B. Francis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
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27
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Almiron Bonnin DA, Havrda MC, Lee MC, Liu H, Zhang Z, Nguyen LN, Harrington LX, Hassanpour S, Cheng C, Israel MA. Secretion-mediated STAT3 activation promotes self-renewal of glioma stem-like cells during hypoxia. Oncogene 2018; 37:1107-1118. [PMID: 29155422 PMCID: PMC5851110 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas (HGGs) include the most common and the most aggressive primary brain tumor of adults and children. Despite multimodality treatment, most high-grade gliomas eventually recur and are ultimately incurable. Several studies suggest that the initiation, progression, and recurrence of gliomas are driven, at least partly, by cancer stem-like cells. A defining characteristic of these cancer stem-like cells is their capacity to self-renew. We have identified a hypoxia-induced pathway that utilizes the Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1α (HIF-1α) transcription factor and the JAK1/2-STAT3 (Janus Kinase 1/2 - Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3) axis to enhance the self-renewal of glioma stem-like cells. Hypoxia is a commonly found pathologic feature of HGGs. Under hypoxic conditions, HIF-1α levels are greatly increased in glioma stem-like cells. Increased HIF-1α activates the JAK1/2-STAT3 axis and enhances tumor stem-like cell self-renewal. Our data further demonstrate the importance of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) secretion for this pathway of hypoxia-mediated self-renewal. Brefeldin A and EHT-1864, agents that significantly inhibit VEGF secretion, decreased stem cell self-renewal, inhibited tumor growth, and increased the survival of mice allografted with S100β-v-erbB/p53-/- glioma stem-like cells. These agents also inhibit the expression of a hypoxia gene expression signature that is associated with decreased survival of HGG patients. These findings suggest that targeting the secretion of extracellular, autocrine/paracrine mediators of glioma stem-like cell self-renewal could potentially contribute to the treatment of HGGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Almiron Bonnin
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - M C Havrda
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - M C Lee
- Department of Biology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - H Liu
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - L N Nguyen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - L X Harrington
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - S Hassanpour
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - C Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - M A Israel
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
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28
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Wang LK, Tsai FM, Chen ML, Wu S, Lee MC, Tsai TC, Chou W, Wang CH. Aqueous Extract of Tournefortia sarmentosa Stem Inhibits ADP-induced Platelet Aggregation. Indian J Pharm Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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29
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Banihashemi L, Wallace ML, Sheu LK, Lee MC, Gianaros PJ, Mackenzie RP, Insana SP, Germain A, Herringa RJ. Childhood maltreatment moderates the effect of combat exposure on cingulum structural integrity. Dev Psychopathol 2017; 29:1735-1747. [PMID: 29162178 PMCID: PMC5773248 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417001365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Limbic white matter pathways link emotion, cognition, and behavior and are potentially malleable to the influences of traumatic events throughout development. However, the impact of interactions between childhood and later life trauma on limbic white matter pathways has yet to be examined. Here, we examined whether childhood maltreatment moderated the effect of combat exposure on diffusion tensor imaging measures within a sample of military veterans (N = 28). We examined five limbic tracts of interest: two components of the cingulum (cingulum, cingulate gyrus, and cingulum hippocampus [CGH]), the uncinate fasciculus, the fornix/stria terminalis, and the anterior limb of the internal capsule. Using effect sizes, clinically meaningful moderator effects were found only within the CGH. Greater combat exposure was associated with decreased CGH fractional anisotropy (overall structural integrity) and increased CGH radial diffusivity (perpendicular water diffusivity) among individuals with more severe childhood maltreatment. Our findings provide preliminary evidence of the moderating effect of childhood maltreatment on the relationship between combat exposure and CGH structural integrity. These differences in CGH structural integrity could have maladaptive implications for emotion and memory, as well as provide a potential mechanism by which childhood maltreatment induces vulnerability to later life trauma exposure.
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30
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Sung JS, Jeong YJ, Kim DJ, Lee YY, Jeon YA, Ko HC, Hur OS, Ro NY, Rhee JH, Lee MC, Baek HJ. Comparison of Fatty Acid Compositions and Tocopherols in Perilla germplasm of South Korea. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JS Sung
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - YJ Jeong
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - DJ Kim
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - YY Lee
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - YA Jeon
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - HC Ko
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - OS Hur
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - NY Ro
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - JH Rhee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - MC Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - HJ Baek
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea, Republic of (South)
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31
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Bea JW, Blew RM, Going SB, Hsu CH, Lee MC, Lee VR, Caan BJ, Kwan ML, Lohman TG. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry spine scans to determine abdominal fat in postmenopausal women. Am J Hum Biol 2016; 28:918-926. [PMID: 27416964 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Body composition may be a better predictor of chronic disease risk than body mass index (BMI) in older populations. OBJECTIVES We sought to validate spine fat fraction (%) from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) spine scans as a proxy for total abdominal fat. METHODS Total body DXA scan abdominal fat regions of interest (ROI) that have been previously validated by magnetic resonance imaging were assessed among healthy, postmenopausal women who also had antero-posterior spine scans (n = 103). ROIs were (1) lumbar vertebrae L2-L4 and (2) L2-Iliac Crest (L2-IC), manually selected by two independent raters, and (3) trunk, auto-selected by DXA software. Intra-class correlation coefficients evaluated intra and inter-rater reliability on a random subset (N = 25). Linear regression models, validated by bootstrapping, assessed the relationship between spine fat fraction (%) and total abdominal fat (%) ROIs. RESULTS Mean age, BMI, and total body fat were 66.1 ± 4.8 y, 25.8 ± 3.8 kg/m2 and 40.0 ± 6.6%, respectively. There were no significant differences within or between raters. Linear regression models adjusted for several participant and scan characteristics were equivalent to using only BMI and spine fat fraction. The model predicted L2-L4 (Adj. R2 : 0.83) and L2-IC (Adj. R2 : 0.84) abdominal fat (%) well; the adjusted R2 for trunk fat (%) was 0.78. Model validation demonstrated minimal over-fitting (Adj. R2 : 0.82, 0.83, and 0.77 for L2-L4, L2-IC, and trunk fat, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The strong correlation between spine fat fraction and DXA abdominal fat measures make it suitable for further development in postmenopausal chronic disease risk prediction models. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:918-926, 2016. © 2016Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Bea
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, 85724-5024.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721
| | - R M Blew
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721
| | - S B Going
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721
| | - C-H Hsu
- University of Arizona Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, Arizona, 85724
| | - M C Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721
| | - V R Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721
| | - B J Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, 94612
| | - M L Kwan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, 94612
| | - T G Lohman
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721
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Abstract
A 10-year-old female Eurasian river otter ( Lutra lutra) died after prolonged anorexia and weight loss in the Seoul Grand Park Zoo, Seoul, Republic of Korea. On necropsy, the liver was found to be swollen and friable with 1 lobe enlarged and necrotic. The other organs showed no significant alterations except for mild atrophy of the right kidney. Microscopically, there was multifocal hepatic necrosis. The hepatocytes around the necrotic areas were swollen and contained large basophilic intranuclear inclusions. Periportal infiltration by plasma cells and lymphocytes was also evident. Transmission electron microscopy revealed characteristic hexagonal virus particles sized approximately 70 nm in diameter in the nuclei of the hepatocytes, which were consistent with an adenovirus. Polymerase chain reaction of the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver sections was used to determine whether the virus was either the canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1), canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), or some other viral agent. The results of these tests showed that the virus was CAV-1. To our knowledge, this is the first report on a CAV-1 infection in an otter.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Y Park
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Chung
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Cheng KI, Lee MC, Tseng KY, Shen YC. Trachway(®) stylet: a perfect tool for nasotracheal intubation - a reply. Anaesthesia 2016; 71:725. [PMID: 27158994 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K I Cheng
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - M C Lee
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - K Y Tseng
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y C Shen
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Tsai JP, Lee MC, Le MC, Chen YC, Ho GJ, Shih MH, Hsu BG. Hyperleptinemia Is a Risk Factor for the Development of Central Arterial Stiffness in Kidney Transplant Patients. Transplant Proc 2016; 47:1825-30. [PMID: 26293058 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffness could cause adverse outcomes in kidney transplant (KT) patients. Leptin has a role in influencing vascular smooth muscle that may contribute to atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between fasting serum leptin concentration and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) in KT patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fasting blood samples were obtained from 55 KT patients and 65 subjects from the outpatient department were enrolled as the control group. The cfPWV values of >10 m/s were used to define as the high arterial stiffness group and <10 m/s as the low arterial stiffness group. The predictive ability of leptin for arterial stiffness of KT was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Kidney transplant patients had lower hemoglobin, but higher blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, total cholesterol, diastolic blood pressure, intact parathyroid hormone levels, and leptin levels than controls. Although cfPWV levels were higher in KT patients, there is no difference of cfPWV levels between KT patients and control (P = .595). Fifteen KT patients (27.3%) were defined in the high arterial stiffness group, and serum leptin level was higher in the high arterial stiffness group compared with the low arterial stiffness group in KT patients (P < .001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that leptin (odds ratio: 1.044, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.016-1.072, P = .002) was an independent predictor of arterial stiffness in KT patients. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the ROC curve predicting arterial stiffness in KT patients were 73.33%, 87.5%, 68.7%, 89.7%, and 0.828 (95% CI: 0.703-0.917, P < .001), and the leptin cut-off value was 74.14 ng/mL. CONCLUSION Serum fasting leptin level could predict the development of central arterial stiffness of KT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Dalin Branch, Chiayi, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - M C Le
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Y C Chen
- Department of Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - G J Ho
- Department of Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - M H Shih
- Department of Nursing, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - B G Hsu
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Liang M, Lee MC, O'Neill J, Dickenson AH, Iannetti GD. Brain potentials evoked by intraepidermal electrical stimuli reflect the central sensitization of nociceptive pathways. J Neurophysiol 2016; 116:286-95. [PMID: 27098022 PMCID: PMC4969393 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00013.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary mechanical punctate hyperalgesia is a cardinal sign of central sensitization (CS), an important mechanism of chronic pain. Our study demonstrates that hyperalgesia from intraepidermal electrical stimulation coexists with mechanical punctate hyperalgesia and elicits electroencephalographic (EEG) potentials that predict the occurrence of punctate hyperalgesia in a human experimental model of CS. These findings inform clinical development of EEG-based biomarkers of CS. Central sensitization (CS), the increased sensitivity of the central nervous system to somatosensory inputs, accounts for secondary hyperalgesia, a typical sign of several painful clinical conditions. Brain potentials elicited by mechanical punctate stimulation using flat-tip probes can provide neural correlates of CS, but their signal-to-noise ratio is limited by poor synchronization of the afferent nociceptive input. Additionally, mechanical punctate stimulation does not activate nociceptors exclusively. In contrast, low-intensity intraepidermal electrical stimulation (IES) allows selective activation of type II Aδ-mechano-heat nociceptors (II-AMHs) and elicits reproducible brain potentials. However, it is unclear whether hyperalgesia from IES occurs and coexists with secondary mechanical punctate hyperalgesia, and whether the magnitude of the electroencephalographic (EEG) responses evoked by IES within the hyperalgesic area is increased. To address these questions, we explored the modulation of the psychophysical and EEG responses to IES by intraepidermal injection of capsaicin in healthy human subjects. We obtained three main results. First, the intensity of the sensation elicited by IES was significantly increased in participants who developed robust mechanical punctate hyperalgesia after capsaicin injection (i.e., responders), indicating that hyperalgesia from IES coexists with punctate mechanical hyperalgesia. Second, the N2 peak magnitude of the EEG responses elicited by IES was significantly increased after the intraepidermal injection of capsaicin in responders only. Third, a receiver-operator characteristics analysis showed that the N2 peak amplitude is clearly predictive of the presence of CS. These findings suggest that the EEG responses elicited by IES reflect secondary hyperalgesia and therefore represent an objective correlate of CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Liang
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - M C Lee
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J O'Neill
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - A H Dickenson
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - G D Iannetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; and
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Dossett LA, Lowe J, Sun W, Lee MC, Smith PD, Jacobsen PB, Laronga C. Prospective evaluation of skin and nipple-areola sensation and patient satisfaction after nipple-sparing mastectomy. J Surg Oncol 2016; 114:11-6. [PMID: 27087574 DOI: 10.1002/jso.24264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensation and quality of life (QOL) before and after nipple sparing mastectomy (NSM) are poorly understood. METHODS Women electing mastectomy with immediate reconstruction and eligible for NSM were prospectively enrolled in a sensation and satisfaction/QOL study. Women self-selected skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) or NSM. Skin sensation testing using Semmes Weinstein monofilaments and patient satisfaction/QOL surveys were administered preoperatively and at 1 year postoperatively. RESULTS 53 patients were enrolled (n = 38, 72% NSM and n = 15, 28% SSM). Both groups had significant reduction in postoperative skin sensation. For NSM, measurable NAC sensation was preserved in both NAC for 26% of patients and in one NAC for 68%. QOL and satisfaction was similar between groups. Neither group was satisfied with sexual arousal with breast or nipple stimulation after surgery. CONCLUSION Patients undergoing SSM and NSM have considerable loss in skin and NAC sensation following surgery. Satisfaction and QOL did not differ between groups. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:11-16. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesly A Dossett
- Comprehensive Breast Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Janell Lowe
- Comprehensive Breast Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Weihong Sun
- Comprehensive Breast Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - M C Lee
- Comprehensive Breast Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Paul D Smith
- Comprehensive Breast Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.,Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Paul B Jacobsen
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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Cai X, Huang H, Kuzirian MS, Snyder LM, Matsushita M, Lee MC, Ferguson C, Homanics GE, Barth AL, Ross SE. Generation of a KOR-Cre knockin mouse strain to study cells involved in kappa opioid signaling. Genesis 2015; 54:29-37. [PMID: 26575788 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The kappa opioid receptor (KOR) has numerous important roles in the nervous system including the modulation of mood, reward, pain, and itch. In addition, KOR is expressed in many non-neuronal tissues. However, the specific cell types that express KOR are poorly characterized. Here, we report the development of a KOR-Cre knockin allele, which provides genetic access to cells that express KOR. In this mouse, Cre recombinase (Cre) replaces the initial coding sequence of the Opkr1 gene (encoding the kappa opioid receptor). We demonstrate that the KOR-Cre allele mediates recombination by embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5). Within the brain, KOR-Cre shows expression in numerous areas including the cerebral cortex, nucleus accumbens and striatum. In addition, this allele is expressed in epithelium and throughout many regions of the body including the heart, lung, and liver. Finally, we reveal that KOR-Cre mediates recombination of a subset of bipolar and amacrine cells in the retina. Thus, the KOR-Cre mouse line is a valuable new tool for conditional gene manipulation to enable the study of KOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Cai
- Department of Neurobiology and the Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Huizhen Huang
- Department of Neurobiology and the Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Marissa S Kuzirian
- Department of Neurobiology and the Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lindsey M Snyder
- Department of Neurobiology and the Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Megumi Matsushita
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael C Lee
- Department of Neurobiology and the Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carolyn Ferguson
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gregg E Homanics
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alison L Barth
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sarah E Ross
- Department of Neurobiology and the Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Abstract
Malignant mucosal melanoma is very rare entity. It comprises about 1% of all malignant melanoma and exhibit more aggressive behaviour than that of skin melanomas. Mucosal melanoma arises mainly from the mucous membranes of head and neck, the female genital organs or the anorectal and the urinary tracts. Laryngeal malignant melanoma constitutes 3.8% to 7.4% of all cases of malignant mucosal melanoma of head and neck. In this article we report a case of primary malignant mucosal melanoma of larynx in 27 years old male who was treated with radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy in BPKM Cancer Hospital, Chitwan.
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40
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Lee MC, Ha CW, Elmallah RK, Cherian JJ, Cho JJ, Kim TW, Bin SI, Mont MA. A placebo-controlled randomised trial to assess the effect of TGF-ß1-expressing chondrocytes in patients with arthritis of the knee. Bone Joint J 2015; 97-B:924-32. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.97b7.35852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of injecting genetically engineered chondrocytes expressing transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) into the knees of patients with osteoarthritis. We assessed the resultant function, pain and quality of life. A total of 54 patients (20 men, 34 women) who had a mean age of 58 years (50 to 66) were blinded and randomised (1:1) to receive a single injection of the active treatment or a placebo. We assessed post-treatment function, pain severity, physical function, quality of life and the incidence of treatment-associated adverse events. Patients were followed at four, 12 and 24 weeks after injection. At final follow-up the treatment group had a significantly greater improvement in the mean International Knee Documentation Committee score than the placebo group (16 points; -18 to 49, vs 8 points; -4 to 37, respectively; p = 0.03). The treatment group also had a significantly improved mean visual analogue score at final follow-up (-25; -85 to 34, vs -11 points; -51 to 25, respectively; p = 0.032). Both cohorts showed an improvement in Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores, but these differences were not statistically significant. One patient had an anaphylactic reaction to the preservation medium, but recovered within 24 hours. All other adverse events were localised and resolved without further action. This technique may result in improved clinical outcomes, with the aim of slowing the degenerative process, leading to improvements in pain and function. However, imaging and direct observational studies are needed to verify cartilage regeneration. Nevertheless, this study provided a sufficient basis to proceed to further clinical testing. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:924–32.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul
National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C-W Ha
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Samsung
Medical Center, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
Research Center, Department of Health Sciences
and Technology, SAI HST, Sungkyunkwan University
School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - R. K. Elmallah
- Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland
21215, USA
| | - J. J. Cherian
- Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland
21215, USA
| | - J J Cho
- Kolon Life Science Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - T W Kim
- Kolon Life Science Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | | | - M. A. Mont
- Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland
21215, USA
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Liao CC, Yeh CJ, Lee SH, Liao WC, Liao MY, Lee MC. Providing instrumental social support is more beneficial to reduce mortality risk among the elderly with low educational level in Taiwan: a 12-year follow-up national longitudinal study. J Nutr Health Aging 2015; 19:447-53. [PMID: 25809809 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-014-0545-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate whether the effects of providing or receiving social support are more beneficial to reduce mortality risk among the elderly with different educational levels. METHODS In this long-term prospective cohort study, data were retrieved from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging. This study was initiated from 1996 until 2007. The complete data from 1492 males and 1177 females aged ≥67 years were retrieved. Participants received financial, instrumental, and emotional support, and they actively provided instrumental and emotional support to others and involved in social engagement. Education attainment was divided into two levels: high and low. The low education level included illiterate and elementary school. The high education level included junior high school to senior high school and above college. Cox regression analysis was used to examine the association between providing or receiving social support on mortality with different educational levels. RESULTS The average age of the participants in 1996 was 73.0 (IQR=8.0) years, and the median survival following years (1996-2007) of participants was 10.3 (IQR=6.7) years. Most participants were low educational level including illiterate (39.3%) and elementary school (41.2%). Participants with high educational level tend to be younger and more male significantly. On the contrary, participants with low educational level tend to have significant more poor income, more depression, more cognition impairment, more with IADL and ADL disability than high educational level. Most participants received instrumental support from others (95.5%) and also provided emotional support to others (97.7%). Providing instrumental support can reduce 17% of mortality risk among the elderly with a low level of education after adjusting several covariates [Hazard ratio (HR) = 0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.70-0.99; p = 0.036]. CONCLUSIONS Providing instrumental social support to others confer benefits to the giver and prolong life expectancy among the elderly with low educational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Liao
- Meng-Chih Lee, Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Hospital, No. 199, Sec. 1, San-Min Road, Taichung, Taiwan. Fax:(+886)-4-22255037. Tel: (+886)-4-22294411 ext. 3200.
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Mabotuwana T, Lee MC, Cohen-Solal EV, Chang P. Mapping institution-specific study descriptions to RadLex Playbook entries. J Digit Imaging 2015; 27:321-30. [PMID: 24425187 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-013-9663-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The naming of imaging procedures is currently not standardized across institutions. As a result, it is a challenge to establish national registries, for instance, a national registry of dose to facilitate comparisons among different types of CT procedures. RSNA's RadLex Playbook is an effort towards addressing this gap (by introducing a unique Playbook identifier called an RPID for each procedure), and the current research focuses on semi-automatically mapping institution-specific procedure descriptions to Playbook entries to assist with this standardization effort. We discuss an algorithm we have developed to facilitate the mapping process which first extracts RadLex codes from the procedure description and then uses the definition of an RPID to determine the most suitable RPID(s) for the extracted set of RadLex codes. We also developed a tool that has three modes of operations-a single procedure mapping mode that allows a user to map a single institution-specific procedure description to a Playbook entry, a bulk mode to process large number of descriptions, and an exploratory mode that assists a user to better understand how the selection of values for various Playbook attributes affects the resulting RPID. We validate our algorithms using 166 production CT procedure descriptions and discuss how the tool can be used by administrators to map institution-specific procedure descriptions to RPIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thusitha Mabotuwana
- Clinical Informatics, Interventional, and Translational Solutions (CIITS), Philips Research North America, 345 Scarborough Road, Briarcliff Manor, NY, 10510, USA,
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Shelor CP, Dasgupta PK, Aubrey A, Davila AF, Lee MC, McKay CP, Liu Y, Noell AC. What can in situ ion chromatography offer for Mars exploration? Astrobiology 2014; 14:577-588. [PMID: 24963874 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2013.1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The successes of the Mars exploration program have led to our unprecedented knowledge of the geological, mineralogical, and elemental composition of the martian surface. To date, however, only one mission, the Phoenix lander, has specifically set out to determine the soluble chemistry of the martian surface. The surprising results, including the detection of perchlorate, demonstrated both the importance of performing soluble ion measurements and the need for improved instrumentation to unambiguously identify all the species present. Ion chromatography (IC) is the state-of-the-art technique for soluble ion analysis on Earth and would therefore be the ideal instrument to send to Mars. A flight IC system must necessarily be small, lightweight, low-power, and have low eluent consumption. We demonstrate here a breadboard system that addresses these issues by using capillary IC at low flow rates with an optimized eluent generator and suppressor. A mix of 12 ions known or plausible for the martian soil, including 4 (oxy)chlorine species, has been separated at flow rates ranging from 1 to 10 μL/min, requiring as little as 200 psi at 1.0 μL/min. This allowed the use of pneumatic displacement pumping from a pressurized aluminum eluent reservoir and the elimination of the high-pressure pump entirely (the single heaviest and most energy-intensive component). All ions could be separated and detected effectively from 0.5 to 100 μM, even when millimolar concentrations of perchlorate were present in the same mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Phillip Shelor
- 1 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington, Texas
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Jin D, Lee MC. Establishing Korean Polar Data Management Policy and Its Future Directions. Data Sci J 2014. [DOI: 10.2481/dsj.ifpda-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
Chronic pain is a state of physical suffering strongly associated with feelings of anxiety, depression and despair. Disease pathophysiology, psychological state, and social milieu can influence chronic pain, but can be difficult to diagnose based solely on clinical presentation. Here, we review brain neuroimaging research that is shaping our understanding of pain mechanisms, and consider how such knowledge might lead to useful diagnostic tools for the management of persistent pain in individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Lee
- Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics and Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Lee MC, Wanigasekera V, Tracey I. Imaging opioid analgesia in the human brain and its potential relevance for understanding opioid use in chronic pain. Neuropharmacology 2013; 84:123-30. [PMID: 23891639 PMCID: PMC4067746 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Opioids play an important role for the management of acute pain and in palliative care. The role of long-term opioid therapy in chronic non-malignant pain remains unclear and is the focus of much clinical research. There are concerns regarding analgesic tolerance, paradoxical pain and issues with dependence that can occur with chronic opioid use in the susceptible patient. In this review, we discuss how far human neuroimaging research has come in providing a mechanistic understanding of pain relief provided by opioids, and suggest avenues for further studies that are relevant to the management of chronic pain with opioids. This article is part of the Special Issue Section entitled ‘Neuroimaging in Neuropharmacology’. Brain mechanisms are crucial to opioid analgesia in humans. Opioids can have a direct effect on brain mechanisms for pain perception. Opioids can also engage descending inhibition of spinal nociception. Drug-induced tolerance, dependence and paradoxical pain may limit chronic opioid analgesic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Lee
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Department of Clinical Neurology and Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Anaesthesia, United Kingdom.
| | - Vishvarani Wanigasekera
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Department of Clinical Neurology and Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Anaesthesia, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Tracey
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Department of Clinical Neurology and Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Anaesthesia, United Kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena Xin Liu
- 1Philips Research North America, Briarcliff Manor,
NY, United States
| | - Michael C. Lee
- 1Philips Research North America, Briarcliff Manor,
NY, United States
| | | | - Jan Tatousek
- 2Philips Research Eindhoven,
Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Rex Yung
- 3Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - David P. White
- 5Harvard Medical School & Philips Respironics,
Boston, MA, United States
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Mabotuwana T, Lee MC, Cohen-Solal EV. An ontology-based similarity measure for biomedical data-application to radiology reports. J Biomed Inform 2013; 46:857-68. [PMID: 23850839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determining similarity between two individual concepts or two sets of concepts extracted from a free text document is important for various aspects of biomedicine, for instance, to find prior clinical reports for a patient that are relevant to the current clinical context. Using simple concept matching techniques, such as lexicon based comparisons, is typically not sufficient to determine an accurate measure of similarity. METHODS In this study, we tested an enhancement to the standard document vector cosine similarity model in which ontological parent-child (is-a) relationships are exploited. For a given concept, we define a semantic vector consisting of all parent concepts and their corresponding weights as determined by the shortest distance between the concept and parent after accounting for all possible paths. Similarity between the two concepts is then determined by taking the cosine angle between the two corresponding vectors. To test the improvement over the non-semantic document vector cosine similarity model, we measured the similarity between groups of reports arising from similar clinical contexts, including anatomy and imaging procedure. We further applied the similarity metrics within a k-nearest-neighbor (k-NN) algorithm to classify reports based on their anatomical and procedure based groups. 2150 production CT radiology reports (952 abdomen reports and 1128 neuro reports) were used in testing with SNOMED CT, restricted to Body structure, Clinical finding and Procedure branches, as the reference ontology. RESULTS The semantic algorithm preferentially increased the intra-class similarity over the inter-class similarity, with a 0.07 and 0.08 mean increase in the neuro-neuro and abdomen-abdomen pairs versus a 0.04 mean increase in the neuro-abdomen pairs. Using leave-one-out cross-validation in which each document was iteratively used as a test sample while excluding it from the training data, the k-NN based classification accuracy was shown in all cases to be consistently higher with the semantics based measure compared with the non-semantic case. Moreover, the accuracy remained steady even as k value was increased - for the two anatomy related classes accuracy for k=41 was 93.1% with semantics compared to 86.7% without semantics. Similarly, for the eight imaging procedures related classes, accuracy (for k=41) with semantics was 63.8% compared to 60.2% without semantics. At the same k, accuracy improved significantly to 82.8% and 77.4% respectively when procedures were logically grouped together into four classes (such as ignoring contrast information in the imaging procedure description). Similar results were seen at other k-values. CONCLUSIONS The addition of semantic context into the document vector space model improves the ability of the cosine similarity to differentiate between radiology reports of different anatomical and image procedure-based classes. This effect can be leveraged for document classification tasks, which suggests its potential applicability for biomedical information retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thusitha Mabotuwana
- Philips Research North America, 345 Scarborough Road, Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510, USA.
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Leknes S, Berna C, Lee MC, Snyder GD, Biele G, Tracey I. Response to the commentary "multiple potential mechanisms for context effects on pain". Pain 2013; 154:1485-1486. [PMID: 23726676 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siri Leknes
- Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK Department of Psychology, University of Osl, 0317 Oslo, Norway
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Chang CB, Han SA, Kim EM, Lee S, Seong SC, Lee MC. Chondrogenic potentials of human synovium-derived cells sorted by specific surface markers. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21:190-9. [PMID: 23069852 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate expression levels of nine candidate surface markers for chondrogenic potential in human synovial cells and to determine whether cell pellets positively sorted by each specific marker would have valuable chondrogenic potential. METHODS The expression levels of the selected nine leading surface markers in synovial cells from knee joints in 15 patients with primary knee osteoarthritis were evaluated at the stage of isolation and after cultivation using flow cytometry. We obtained positive and negative cells for each surface marker using a magnetically activated cell sorting method and compared chondrogenic potentials between the positive and the negative cell pellets. RESULTS CD29, CD44, CD73, and CD90 were expressed on the most synovial cells at the isolation stage and on almost all cells at stage of P0 and P1. CD133 was rarely expressed at any stages of the evaluated cells. CD166 was expressed in 7.1% of cells at the isolation stage on average, but this expression increased after cell passages. The expressions of CD10 and CD105 also increased after cell passages while the expression of CD49a made no significant difference at progressive stages of isolation and passage. Comparison of chondrogenic potentials between positive and negative cell pellets for each marker revealed that only CD105- and CD166-positive cell pellets showed better chondrogenic potentials (type II collagen gene expression, cartilage matrix formation, and GAG expression) than the corresponding negative cell pellets. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that CD105 and CD166 would be valuable surface markers associated with chondrogenic potential; thus, CD105- and CD166-enriched cells derived from human synovium would be practical and valuable sources for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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