1
|
Kikkawa Y, Nagasaki M, Norikane Y. Two-dimensional self-assemblies of azobenzene derivatives: effects of methyl substitution of azobenzene core and alkyl chain length. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:29757-29764. [PMID: 36458744 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05097h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating the correlation between the molecular arrangement and physical properties of organic compounds is critical to facilitating the development of advanced functional materials. X-ray structural analyses are generally performed to clarify this relationship. Several attempts have been made to ascertain the links between three-dimensional (3D) crystals and their two-dimensional (2D) structures, which can be revealed by scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) at the molecular level. Thus, 2D self-assemblies of a series of azobenzene derivatives were investigated in this study, and the effects of methyl substitution of the azobenzene core and alkyl chain length on the 2D molecular arrangements at the solid/liquid interface were revealed. Three types of azobenzene derivatives were prepared; these contained azobenzene (Az), 3-methyl azobenzene (MAz), or 3,3'-dimethyl azobenzene (DAz) as cores and alkyloxy chains of different lengths (C8-13) at their 4,4' positions. The 2D structures of the Az and DAz compounds were found to be modulated owing to the odd-even effect of the alkyl chains in a specific chain-length range; this effect was only weakly exhibited by the MAz compounds. This result suggests that only the methyl-group substitution of the azobenzene core significantly affected the 2D structures. The 2D structural features have been discussed in terms of molecular conformation, as well as their correlation with the photo-melting behaviour of the azobenzene derivatives, particularly the MAz compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kikkawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Nagasaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Yasuo Norikane
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Herlan CN, Sommer K, Weis P, Nieger M, Bräse S. Structural Diversity of Peptoids: Tube-Like Structures of Macrocycles. Molecules 2020; 26:E150. [PMID: 33396246 PMCID: PMC7795174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptoids, or poly-N-substituted glycines, are characterised by broad structural diversity. Compared to peptides, they are less restricted in rotation and lack backbone-derived H bonding. Nevertheless, certain side chains force the peptoid backbone into distinct conformations. Designable secondary structures like helices or nanosheets arise from this knowledge. Herein, we report the copper-catalysed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) of macrocycles to form innovative tube-like tricyclic peptoids, giving access to host-guest chemistry or storage applications. Different linker systems make the single tubes tuneable in size and enable modifications within the gap. An azobenzene linker, which is reversibly switchable in conformation, was successfully incorporated and allowed for light-triggered changes of the entire tricyclic structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Nicole Herlan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (C.N.H.); (K.S.)
| | - Katharina Sommer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (C.N.H.); (K.S.)
| | - Patrick Weis
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio 1), FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (C.N.H.); (K.S.)
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems—Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Miyagishi HV, Masai H, Terao J. Suppression of Undesirable Isomerization and Intermolecular Reactions of Double Bonds by a Linked Rotaxane Structure. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1890-1895. [PMID: 32291947 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
For luminescent materials, the isomerization and intermolecular reactions of their double bonds are often undesirable because they cause a reduction in the luminescence properties of the π-system. Herein, we report a new methodology to simultaneously prevent isomerization and intermolecular reactions by utilizing the steric effect of a linked rotaxane structure. The ring units are covalently linked in order to prevent any undesired shuttling effect from occurring during isomerization. In addition, the insulated structure provides robust optical properties by prevention of intermolecular reactions. Bulky linked rotaxane structures on both sides of the N=N and C=C double bonds suppress E/Z isomerization; photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) measurements reveal that this results in suppression of PLQY reduction caused by isomerization. Moreover, an improvement in the stability under light irradiation and air atmosphere is demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi V Miyagishi
- Department of Basic Science Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Masai
- Department of Basic Science Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Jun Terao
- Department of Basic Science Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tecilla P, Bonifazi D. Configurational Selection in Azobenzene-Based Supramolecular Systems Through Dual-Stimuli Processes. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:529-544. [PMID: 32373423 PMCID: PMC7197086 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Azobenzene is one of the most studied light-controlled molecular switches and it has been incorporated in a large variety of supramolecular systems to control their structural and functional properties. Given the peculiar isomeric distribution at the photoexcited state (PSS), azobenzene derivatives have been used as photoactive framework to build metastable supramolecular systems that are out of the thermodynamic equilibrium. This could be achieved exploiting the peculiar E/Z photoisomerization process that can lead to isomeric ratios that are unreachable in thermal equilibrium conditions. The challenge in the field is to find molecular architectures that, under given external circumstances, lead to a given isomeric ratio in a reversible and predictable manner, ensuring an ultimate control of the configurational distribution and system composition. By reviewing early and recent works in the field, this review aims at describing photoswitchable systems that, containing an azobenzene dye, display a controlled configurational equilibrium by means of a molecular recognition event. Specifically, examples include programmed photoactive molecular architectures binding cations, anions and H-bonded neutral guests. In these systems the non-covalent molecular recognition adds onto the thermal and light stimuli, equipping the supramolecular architecture with an additional external trigger to select the desired configuration composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Tecilla
- Dipartimento di Matematica e GeoscienzeUniversità degli Studi di TriesteVia Weiss 2 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main BuildingPark PlaceCF10 3ATCardiff, WalesUK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Photoactive Boron–Nitrogen–Carbon Hybrids: From Azo-borazines to Polymeric Materials. J Org Chem 2019; 84:9101-9116. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
6
|
Cieslikiewicz-Bouet M, Eliseeva SV, Aucagne V, Delmas AF, Gillaizeau I, Petoud S. Near-infrared emitting lanthanide(iii) complexes as prototypes of optical imaging agents with peptide targeting ability: a methodological approach. RSC Adv 2019; 9:1747-1751. [PMID: 35518044 PMCID: PMC9059771 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09419e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A methodological approach to design prototypes of specific near-infrared emitting imaging agents based on a small molecular compound combining a lanthanide(iii) ion, the cyclen derivative as a coordinating unit and the azo-dye as a sensitizer with a Arg-Gly-Asp cyclopeptide as a targeting moiety, is presented here. NIR Ln(iii) complexes combining a cyclen derivative, azo-dye as a sensitizer and a cRGD peptide as a targeting moiety.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vincent Aucagne
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire
- CNRS UPR 4301
- 45071 Orléans Cedex 2
- France
| | - Agnès F. Delmas
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire
- CNRS UPR 4301
- 45071 Orléans Cedex 2
- France
| | - Isabelle Gillaizeau
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique
- UMR CNRS 7311
- Université d’Orléans
- 45100 Orléans
- France
| | - Stéphane Petoud
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire
- CNRS UPR 4301
- 45071 Orléans Cedex 2
- France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yadav K, Mahapatra S, Halbritter T, Heckel A, Gopakumar TG. Low-Threshold Reversible Electron-Induced and Selective Photoinduced Switching of Azobenzene Derivatives under Ambient Conditions. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6326-6333. [PMID: 30346779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mono-carboxyl-functionalized azobenzene and arylazopyrazole have been employed for electron-induced and photoinduced switching under ambient conditions. The microscopic structure and the switching behavior is understood using scanning tunneling microscopy. The carboxyl functional group in these molecules offers low threshold energy for the electron-induced reversible switching compared with nonfunctionalized azobenzene. The low threshold is understood using charged intermediate states during the switching. A selectivity has been observed for the photoinduced switching. Because of strong hydrogen bonding, only the free phenyl groups in the molecules change their configuration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Yadav
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016 , India
| | - Sayantan Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016 , India
| | - Thomas Halbritter
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Goethe-University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Str. 9 , 60438 Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Alexander Heckel
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Goethe-University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Str. 9 , 60438 Frankfurt , Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Frath D, Yokoyama S, Hirose T, Matsuda K. Photoresponsive supramolecular self-assemblies at the liquid/solid interface. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
9
|
Vulcano R, Pengo P, Velari S, Wouters J, De Vita A, Tecilla P, Bonifazi D. Toward Fractioning of Isomers through Binding-Induced Acceleration of Azobenzene Switching. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18271-18280. [PMID: 29064236 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The E/Z isomerization process of a uracil-azobenzene derivative in which the nucleobase is conjugated to a phenyldiazene tail is studied in view of its ability to form triply H-bonded complexes with a suitably complementary 2,6-diacetylamino-4-pyridine ligand. UV-vis and 1H NMR investigations of the photochemical and thermal isomerization kinetics show that the thermal Z → E interconversion is 4-fold accelerated upon formation of the H-bonded complex. DFT calculations show that the formation of triple H-bonds triggers a significant elongation of the N═N double bond, caused by an increase of its πg* antibonding character. This results in a reduction of the N═N torsional barrier and thus in accelerated thermal Z → E isomerization. Combined with light-controlled E → Z isomerization, this enables controllable fractional tuning of the two configurational isomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Vulcano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur) , Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | | | | | - Johan Wouters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur) , Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | - Alessandro De Vita
- Department of Physics, King's College London , Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | | | - Davide Bonifazi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur) , Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium.,School of Chemistry, Cardiff University , Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Garah ME, Borré E, Ciesielski A, Dianat A, Gutierrez R, Cuniberti G, Bellemin-Laponnaz S, Mauro M, Samorì P. Light-Induced Contraction/Expansion of 1D Photoswitchable Metallopolymer Monitored at the Solid-Liquid Interface. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1701790. [PMID: 28841774 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of a bottom-up approach to the fabrication of nanopatterned functional surfaces, which are capable to respond to external stimuli, is of great current interest. Herein, the preparation of light-responsive, linear supramolecular metallopolymers constituted by the ideally infinite repetition of a ditopic ligand bearing an azoaryl moiety and Co(II) coordination nodes is described. The supramolecular polymerization process is followed by optical spectroscopy in dimethylformamide solution. Noteworthy, a submolecularly resolved scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) study of the in situ reversible trans-to-cis photoisomerization of a photoswitchable metallopolymer that self-assembles into 2D crystalline patterns onto a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface is achieved for the first time. The STM analysis of the nanopatterned surfaces is corroborated by modeling the physisorbed species onto a graphene slab before and after irradiation by means of density functional theory calculation. Significantly, switching of the monolayers consisting of supramolecular Co(II) metallopolymer bearing trans-azoaryl units to a novel pattern based on cis isomers can be triggered by UV light and reversed back to the trans conformer by using visible light, thereby restoring the trans-based supramolecular 2D packing. These findings represent a step forward toward the design and preparation of photoresponsive "smart" surfaces organized with an atomic precision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Garah
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Etienne Borré
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Département des Matériaux Organiques, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7504, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rafael Gutierrez
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stéphane Bellemin-Laponnaz
- Département des Matériaux Organiques, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7504, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Matteo Mauro
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Antoine John A, Lin Q. Synthesis of Azobenzenes Using N-Chlorosuccinimide and 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU). J Org Chem 2017; 82:9873-9876. [PMID: 28846399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A convenient method for the synthesis of symmetrical azobenzenes is reported. This one-step procedure involves treatment of anilines with N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) and organic base 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU). A wide range of commercially available substituted anilines readily participate in this reaction to produce the corresponding azobenzenes in moderate-to-excellent yields in minutes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alford Antoine John
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Reekie TA, Sekita M, Urner LM, Bauroth S, Ruhlmann L, Gisselbrecht JP, Boudon C, Trapp N, Clark T, Guldi DM, Diederich F. Porphyrin Donor and Tunable Push-Pull Acceptor Conjugates-Experimental Investigation of Marcus Theory. Chemistry 2017; 23:6357-6369. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan A. Reekie
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Michael Sekita
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and; Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Lorenz M. Urner
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Stefan Bauroth
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and; Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Laurent Ruhlmann
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide, Institut de Chimie-UMR 7177, C.N.R.S.; Université de Strasbourg; 4, rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Jean-Paul Gisselbrecht
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide, Institut de Chimie-UMR 7177, C.N.R.S.; Université de Strasbourg; 4, rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Corinne Boudon
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide, Institut de Chimie-UMR 7177, C.N.R.S.; Université de Strasbourg; 4, rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Computer Chemistry Center; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg; Nägelsbachstraße 25 91052 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and; Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Al-Balushi RA, Haque A, Jayapal M, Al-Suti MK, Husband J, Khan MS, Skelton JM, Molloy KC, Raithby PR. Impact of the Alkyne Substitution Pattern and Metalation on the Photoisomerization of Azobenzene-Based Platinum(II) Diynes and Polyynes. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:10955-10967. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rayya A. Al-Balushi
- Department
of Chemistry, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al Khod 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ashanul Haque
- Department
of Chemistry, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al Khod 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Maharaja Jayapal
- Department
of Chemistry, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al Khod 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Mohammed K. Al-Suti
- Department
of Chemistry, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al Khod 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - John Husband
- Department
of Chemistry, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al Khod 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad S. Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al Khod 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Jonathan M. Skelton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Kieran C. Molloy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Paul R. Raithby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang H, Zhang C, Wang X, Qiu Z, Liang X, Chen B, Xu J, Jiang JX, Li Y, Li H, Wang F. Microporous organic polymers based on tetraethynyl building blocks with N-functionalized pore surfaces: synthesis, porosity and carbon dioxide sorption. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20765k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We have synthesized nitrogen-rich polymers by copolymerization of tetraethynyl monomers with tris(4-iodophenyl)amine or 4,4′-diiodoazobenzene. Azobenzene-based polymers exhibited excellent CO2 adsorption selectivity against N2.
Collapse
|
15
|
Azo compounds with different sized fluorophores and characterization of their photophysical properties based on trans to cis conformational change. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.07.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
16
|
Gajda K, Zarychta B, Daszkiewicz Z, Domański AA, Ejsmont K. Substituent effects in trans-p,p'-disubstituted azobenzenes: X-ray structures at 100 K and DFT-calculated structures. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2014; 70:575-9. [PMID: 24898960 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229614009942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The crystal and molecular structures of two para-substituted azobenzenes with π-electron-donating -NEt2 and π-electron-withdrawing -COOEt groups are reported, along with the effects of the substituents on the aromaticity of the benzene ring. The deformation of the aromatic ring around the -NEt2 group in N,N,N',N'-tetraethyl-4,4'-(diazenediyl)dianiline, C20H28N4, (I), may be caused by steric hindrance and the π-electron-donating effects of the amine group. In this structure, one of the amine N atoms demonstrates clear sp(2)-hybridization and the other is slightly shifted from the plane of the surrounding atoms. The molecule of the second azobenzene, diethyl 4,4'-(diazenediyl)dibenzoate, C18H18N2O4, (II), lies on a crystallographic inversion centre. Its geometry is normal and comparable with homologous compounds. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to analyse the changes in the geometry of the studied compounds in the crystalline state and for the isolated molecules. The most significant changes are observed in the values of the N=N-C-C torsion angles, which for the isolated molecules are close to 0.0°. The HOMA (harmonic oscillator model of aromaticity) index, calculated for the benzene ring, demonstrates a slight decrease of the aromaticity in (I) and no substantial changes in (II).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gajda
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | - Bartosz Zarychta
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej A Domański
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Ejsmont
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Orgiu E, Samorì P. 25th anniversary article: organic electronics marries photochromism: generation of multifunctional interfaces, materials, and devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:1827-1845. [PMID: 24554562 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors have garnered significant interest as key components for flexible, low-cost, and large-area electronics. Hitherto, both materials and processing thereof seems to head towards a mature technology which shall ultimately meet expectations and efforts built up over the past years. However, by its own organic electronics cannot compete or complement the silicon-based electronics in integrating multiple functions in a small area unless novel solutions are brought into play. Photochromic molecules are small organic molecules able to undergo reversible photochemical isomerization between (at least) two (meta)stable states which exhibit markedly different properties. They can be embedded as additional component in organic-based materials ready to be exploited in devices such as OLEDs, OFETs, and OLETs. The structurally controlled incorporation of photochromic molecules can be done at various interfaces of a device, including the electrode/semiconductor or dielectric/semiconductor interface, or even as a binary mixture in the active layer, in order to impart a light responsive nature to the device. This can be accomplished by modulating via a light stimulus fundamental physico-chemical properties such as charge injection and transport in the device.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Orgiu
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mahesh S, Raju D, Arathi AS, Joseph K. Self-assembly of cardanol based supramolecular synthons to photoresponsive nanospheres: light induced size variation at the nanoscale. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07406h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoswitchable nanomaterials by the controlled self-assembly of molecules derived from renewable sources has become a major area of interest for scientists across the world. Here the authors report the formation of stimuli responsive hierarchical structures from bioresources with controlled morphological features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sankarapillai Mahesh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST)
- Thiruvananthapuram 695547, India
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience and Technology
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Dawn Raju
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST)
- Thiruvananthapuram 695547, India
| | - A. S. Arathi
- Indian Institute for Science Education and Research (IISER) Indore By-pass Road
- Bhopal-462030, India
| | - Kuruvilla Joseph
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST)
- Thiruvananthapuram 695547, India
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience and Technology
- Department of Chemistry
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liaros N, Couris S, Maggini L, De Leo F, Cattaruzza F, Aurisicchio C, Bonifazi D. NLO Response of Photoswitchable Azobenzene-Based Materials. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:2961-72. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
20
|
Fidalgo-Marijuan A, Barandika G, Bazán B, Urtiaga MK, Lezama L, Arriortua MI. Fe–TPP Coordination Network with Metalloporphyrinic Neutral Radicals and Face-to-Face and Edge-to-Face π–π Stacking. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:8074-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ic4007372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gotzone Barandika
- Departamento
de Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad
7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sogawa H, Shiotsuki M, Sanda F. Synthesis and Photoresponse of Helically Folded Poly(phenyleneethynylene)s Bearing Azobenzene Moieties in the Main Chains. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma4002947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Sogawa
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto
615-8510, Japan
| | - Masashi Shiotsuki
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto
615-8510, Japan
| | - Fumio Sanda
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto
615-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen J, Wuttke E, Polit W, Exner T, Winter RF. Simultaneous occurrence of three different valence tautomers in meso-vinylruthenium-modified zinc porphyrin radical cations. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:3391-4. [PMID: 23425302 DOI: 10.1021/ja400673c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The mixed-valent radical cation of a styrylruthenium-modified meso-tetraarylzinc porphyrin forms a mixture of three different valence tautomers (VTs) in CH2Cl2 or 1,2-C2H4Cl2 solutions. One of these VTs has the charge and spin delocalized over the porphyrin and the styrylruthenium moieties, while the other two display charge and spin localization on just one of the different redox sites. The relative amounts of the three different VTs were determined by EPR and IR spectroscopies at variable temperatures, while delocalization in the ground state was confirmed by DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Maggini L, Marangoni T, Georges B, Malicka JM, Yoosaf K, Minoia A, Lazzaroni R, Armaroli N, Bonifazi D. Azobenzene-based supramolecular polymers for processing MWCNTs. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:634-645. [PMID: 23223852 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr33358a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Photothermally responsive supramolecular polymers containing azobenzene units have been synthesised and employed as dispersants for multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in organic solvents. Upon triggering the trans-cis isomerisation of the supramolecular polymer intermolecular interactions between MWCNTs and the polymer are established, reversibly affecting the suspensions of the MWCNTs, either favouring it (by heating, i.e. cis→trans isomerisation) or inducing the CNTs' precipitation (upon irradiation, trans→cis isomerisation). Taking advantage of the chromophoric properties of the molecular subunits, the solubilisation/precipitation processes have been monitored by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The structural properties of the resulting MWCNT-polymer hybrid materials have been thoroughly investigated via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) and modelled with molecular dynamics simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maggini
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College (NARC), University of Namur (FUNDP), Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tseng KP, Tsai YT, Wu CC, Shyue JJ, Bassani DM, Wong KT. Light- and solvent-driven morphological transformations of self-assembled hydrogen-bonded nanostructures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:11536-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47288d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
25
|
Liu R, Li Y, Chang J, Xiao Q, Zhu H, Sun W. Photophysics and nonlinear absorption of 4,4′-diethynylazobenzene derivatives terminally capped with substituted aromatic rings. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2012.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
26
|
Imin P, Imit M, Adronov A. Supramolecular Functionalization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) with a Photoisomerizable Conjugated Polymer. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma300403q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patigul Imin
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The Brockhouse
Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Mokhtar Imit
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The Brockhouse
Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Alex Adronov
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The Brockhouse
Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mahesh S, Gopal A, Thirumalai R, Ajayaghosh A. Light-induced Ostwald ripening of organic nanodots to rods. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:7227-30. [PMID: 22500822 DOI: 10.1021/ja301002g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ostwald ripening allows the synthesis of 1D nanorods of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles. However, this phenomenon is unsuccessful with organic π-systems due to their spontaneous self-assembly to elongated fibers or tapes. Here we demonstrate the uses of light as a versatile tool to control the ripening of amorphous organic nanodots (ca. 15 nm) of an azobenzene-derived molecular assembly to micrometer-sized supramolecular rods. A surface-confined dipole variation associated with a low-yield (13-14%) trans-cis isomerization of the azobenzene moiety and the consequent dipole-dipole interaction in a nonpolar solvent is believed to be the driving force for the ripening of the nanodots to rods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sankarapillai Mahesh
- Photosciences and Photonics Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, CSIR, Trivandrum-695019, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bléger D, Ciesielski A, Samorì P, Hecht S. Photoswitching vertically oriented azobenzene self-assembled monolayers at the solid-liquid interface. Chemistry 2011; 16:14256-60. [PMID: 21108263 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Bléger
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ciesielski A, Samorì P. Supramolecular assembly/reassembly processes: molecular motors and dynamers operating at surfaces. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:1397-1410. [PMID: 21350766 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00914h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Among the many significant advances within the field of supramolecular chemistry over the past decades, the development of the so-called "dynamers" features a direct relevance to materials science. Defined as "combinatorial dynamic polymers", dynamers are constitutional dynamic systems and materials resulting from the application of the principles of supramolecular chemistry to polymer science. Like supramolecular materials in general, dynamers are reversible dynamic multifunctional architectures, capable of modifying their constitution by exchanging, recombining, incorporating components. They may exhibit a variety of novel properties and behave as adaptive materials. In this review we focus on the design of responsive switchable monolayers, i.e. monolayers capable to undergo significant changes in their physical or chemical properties as a result of external stimuli. Scanning tunneling microscopy studies provide direct evidence with a sub-nanometre resolution, on the formation and dynamic response of these self-assembled systems featuring controlled geometries and properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artur Ciesielski
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS-CNRS 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zeitouny J, Belbakra A, Llanes-Pallas A, Barbieri A, Armaroli N, Bonifazi D. On the route to mimic natural movements: synthesis and photophysical properties of a molecular arachnoid. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:451-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03045g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
31
|
Abellán G, García H, Gómez-García CJ, Ribera A. Photochemical behavior in azobenzene having acidic groups. Preparation of magnetic photoresponsive gels. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
32
|
Pearson D, Abell A. Structural Optimization of Photoswitch Ligands for Surface Attachment of α-Chymotrypsin and Regulation of Its Surface Binding. Chemistry 2010; 16:6983-92. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
33
|
Omori K, Kikkawa Y, Tokuhisa H, Kanesato M, Hiratani K. Transformation of two-dimensional structures of noncyclic isobutenyl diamide compounds by tandem Claisen rearrangement. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
34
|
Heim D, Seufert K, Auwärter W, Aurisicchio C, Fabbro C, Bonifazi D, Barth JV. Surface-assisted assembly of discrete porphyrin-based cyclic supramolecules. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:122-128. [PMID: 19888718 DOI: 10.1021/nl9029994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We employed de novo synthesized porphyrin modules to construct discrete cyclic supramolecular architectures supported on a copper surface. The programmed geometry and functionality of the molecular modules together with their conformational flexibility and substrate interaction yields symmetric discrete assemblies, including dimers and chains as well as three- to six-membered cyclic structures. The area of the molecular cavities is extended by creating bicomponent structures combining building blocks with different symmetry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Heim
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|