1
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Singh JV, Thakur S, Kumar N, Singh H, Mithu VS, Singh H, Bhagat K, Gulati HK, Sharma A, Singh H, Sharma S, Bedi PMS. Donepezil-Inspired Multitargeting Indanone Derivatives as Effective Anti-Alzheimer's Agents. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:733-750. [PMID: 35195392 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In continuous efforts to develop anti-Alzheimer's agents, we rationally designed and synthesized a series of multitargeting molecules by incorporating the essential molecular features of the standard drug donepezil. Among the series, compound 4b showed multitargeting properties to act as an anti-Alzheimer's agent, which is better tolerable in vivo than donepezil. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition data showed that compound 4b inhibits the enzyme with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 0.78 μM and also showed DNA protection, which was confirmed through the DNA nicking assay, suggesting the protective effect of 4b against oxidative DNA damage. Compound 4b also showed 53.04% inhibition against Aβ1-42 aggregations, which was found comparable to that of the standard compound curcumin. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to check the stability of compound 4b with the enzyme AChE, which showed that the enzyme-ligand complex is stable enough to block the hydrolysis of acetylcholine in the brain. Its higher LD50 cutoff value (50 mg/kg) in comparison to donepezil (LD50: 25 mg/kg) made it safer, suggesting that it can be used in further clinical experiments. To evaluate its anti-Alzheimer property, a mice model with melamine-induced cognitive dysfunction was used, and Morris water maze and Rotarod tests were performed. A significant improvement in memory was observed after the treatment with compound 4b and donepezil. The study postulated that the introduction of important structural features of donepezil (dimethoxyindanone moiety as ring-A) embarked with terminal aromatic ether (ring-B and ring-C) made 4b a multitargeting molecule that offers a way for developing alternative therapeutics in the future against Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder Vir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Shubham Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Nitish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
- Drug and Pollution Testing Laboratory, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Harjeet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Venus Singh Mithu
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Kavita Bhagat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Harmandeep Kaur Gulati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Anchal Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Harbinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
- Drug and Pollution Testing Laboratory, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
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2
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Pajk S, Knez D, Košak U, Zorović M, Brazzolotto X, Coquelle N, Nachon F, Colletier JP, Živin M, Stojan J, Gobec S. Development of potent reversible selective inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase as fluorescent probes. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:498-505. [PMID: 31914836 PMCID: PMC6968640 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1710502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an attractive target for drugs designed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in its advanced stages. It also potentially represents a biomarker for progression of this disease. Based on the crystal structure of previously described highly potent, reversible, and selective BChE inhibitors, we have developed the fluorescent probes that are selective towards human BChE. The most promising probes also maintain their inhibition of BChE in the low nanomolar range with high selectivity over acetylcholinesterase. Kinetic studies of probes reveal a reversible mixed inhibition mechanism, with binding of these fluorescent probes to both the free and acylated enzyme. Probes show environment-sensitive emission, and additionally, one of them also shows significant enhancement of fluorescence intensity upon binding to the active site of BChE. Finally, the crystal structures of probes in complex with human BChE are reported, which offer an excellent base for further development of this library of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stane Pajk
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Knez
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urban Košak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Zorović
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | | | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | | | - Marko Živin
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jure Stojan
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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3
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Francisco CS, Francisco CS, Constantino AF, Neto ÁC, Lacerda V. Synthetic Methods Applied in the Preparation of Coumarin-based Compounds. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666191121150047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coumarins (2H-chromen-2-ones) are heterocyclic compounds of wide scientific
interest due to their important biological and pharmaceutical properties such as antitumor,
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities as well as enzymatic inhibitors
related to neurodegenerative diseases. Due to their structural variability, this compound
class has been attracting considerable interest in the natural products and synthetic organic
chemistry areas. Coumarins and their derivatives have been prepared by a variety of methods,
including Perkin, Wittig and Reformatsky reactions, Pechmann and Knoevenagel
condensations, and Claisen rearrangement, among others. In the present review we report
the different synthetic methods used in the preparation of coumarin derivatives exploited
in the last ten years (from 2008 to 2018), regarding the research demand for new structural
scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla S. Francisco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Goiabeiras, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Cristina S. Francisco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Goiabeiras, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Álvaro Cunha Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Goiabeiras, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Valdemar Lacerda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Goiabeiras, Vitória, Brazil
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4
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Lemke C, Christmann J, Yin J, Alonso JM, Serrano E, Chioua M, Ismaili L, Martínez-Grau MA, Beadle CD, Vetman T, Dato FM, Bartz U, Elsinghorst PW, Pietsch M, Müller CE, Iriepa I, Wille T, Marco-Contelles J, Gütschow M. Chromenones as Multineurotargeting Inhibitors of Human Enzymes. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:22161-22168. [PMID: 31891098 PMCID: PMC6933783 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The complex nature of multifactorial diseases, such as Morbus Alzheimer, has produced a strong need to design multitarget-directed ligands to address the involved complementary pathways. We performed a purposive structural modification of a tetratarget small-molecule, that is contilisant, and generated a combinatorial library of 28 substituted chromen-4-ones. The compounds comprise a basic moiety which is linker-connected to the 6-position of the heterocyclic chromenone core. The syntheses were accomplished by Mitsunobu- or Williamson-type ether formations. The resulting library members were evaluated at a panel of seven human enzymes, all of which being involved in the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration. A concomitant inhibition of human acetylcholinesterase and human monoamine oxidase B, with IC50 values of 5.58 and 7.20 μM, respectively, was achieved with the dual-target 6-(4-(piperidin-1-yl)butoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one (7).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Lemke
- Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Joscha Christmann
- Bundeswehr
Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 München, Germany
| | - Jiafei Yin
- Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - José M. Alonso
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, IQOG, CSIC, C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Serrano
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, IQOG, CSIC, C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mourad Chioua
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, IQOG, CSIC, C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lhassane Ismaili
- Neurosciences
intégratives et cliniques EA 481, Pôle de Chimie Organique
et Thérapeutique, Univ. Bourgogne
Franche-Comté, UFR Santé, 19, rue Ambroise Paré, 25000 Besançon, France
| | | | - Christopher D. Beadle
- Lilly Research
Centre, Eli Lilly & Company, Erl Wood Manor,
Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, U.K.
| | - Tatiana Vetman
- Lilly
Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis 46285, Indiana, United States
| | - Florian M. Dato
- Institute
II of Pharmacology, Center of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Gleueler Strasse 24, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Ulrike Bartz
- Department
of Natural Sciences, University of Applied
Sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, von-Liebig-Strasse 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Paul W. Elsinghorst
- Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Central
Institute of the Bundeswehr Medical Service Munich, Ingolstädter Landstraße
102, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Markus Pietsch
- Institute
II of Pharmacology, Center of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Gleueler Strasse 24, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Isabel Iriepa
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Timo Wille
- Bundeswehr
Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 München, Germany
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, IQOG, CSIC, C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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5
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Ziarani GM, Moradi R, Lashgari N, Kruger HG. Coumarin Dyes. METAL-FREE SYNTHETIC ORGANIC DYES 2018:117-125. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-815647-6.00007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
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6
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Phenylpyran-fused coumarin novel derivatives: combined photophysical and theoretical study on structural modification for PET-inhibited ICT emission. Struct Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-017-1021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Zwergel C, Czepukojc B, Evain-Bana E, Xu Z, Stazi G, Mori M, Patsilinakos A, Mai A, Botta B, Ragno R, Bagrel D, Kirsch G, Meiser P, Jacob C, Montenarh M, Valente S. Novel coumarin- and quinolinone-based polycycles as cell division cycle 25-A and -C phosphatases inhibitors induce proliferation arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 134:316-333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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8
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Pisani L, Catto M, De Palma A, Farina R, Cellamare S, Altomare CD. Discovery of Potent Dual Binding Site Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors via Homo- and Heterodimerization of Coumarin-Based Moieties. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1349-1358. [PMID: 28570763 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors still comprise the majority of the marketed drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The structural arrangement of the enzyme, which features a narrow gorge that separates the catalytic and peripheral anionic subsites (CAS and PAS, respectively), inspired the development of bivalent ligands that are able to bind and block the catalytic activity of the CAS as well as the role of the PAS in beta amyloid (Aβ) fibrillogenesis. With the aim of discovering novel AChE dual binders with improved drug-likeness, homo- and heterodimers containing 2H-chromen-2-one building blocks were developed. By exploring diverse linkages of neutral and protonatable amino moieties through aliphatic spacers of different length, a nanomolar bivalent AChE inhibitor was identified (3-[2-({4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl}oxy)ethoxy]-6,7-dimethoxy-2H-chromen-2-one (6 d), IC50 =59 nm) from originally weakly active fragments. To assess the potential against AD, the disease-related biological properties of 6 d were investigated. It performed mixed-type AChE enzyme kinetics (inhibition constant Ki =68 nm) and inhibited Aβ self-aggregation. Moreover, it displayed an outstanding ability to protect SH-SY5Y cells from Aβ1-42 damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Pisani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Catto
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa De Palma
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Farina
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Saverio Cellamare
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Cosimo D Altomare
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
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9
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Zhu D, Gong G, Wang W, Du W. Disaggregation of human islet amyloid polypeptide fibril formation by ruthenium polypyridyl complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 170:109-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Košak U, Brus B, Knez D, Šink R, Žakelj S, Trontelj J, Pišlar A, Šlenc J, Gobec M, Živin M, Tratnjek L, Perše M, Sałat K, Podkowa A, Filipek B, Nachon F, Brazzolotto X, Więckowska A, Malawska B, Stojan J, Raščan IM, Kos J, Coquelle N, Colletier JP, Gobec S. Development of an in-vivo active reversible butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39495. [PMID: 28000737 PMCID: PMC5175178 DOI: 10.1038/srep39495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by severe basal forebrain cholinergic deficit, which results in progressive and chronic deterioration of memory and cognitive functions. Similar to acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) contributes to the termination of cholinergic neurotransmission. Its enzymatic activity increases with the disease progression, thus classifying BChE as a viable therapeutic target in advanced AD. Potent, selective and reversible human BChE inhibitors were developed. The solved crystal structure of human BChE in complex with the most potent inhibitor reveals its binding mode and provides the molecular basis of its low nanomolar potency. Additionally, this compound is noncytotoxic and has neuroprotective properties. Furthermore, this inhibitor moderately crosses the blood-brain barrier and improves memory, cognitive functions and learning abilities of mice in a model of the cholinergic deficit that characterizes AD, without producing acute cholinergic adverse effects. Our study provides an advanced lead compound for developing drugs for alleviating symptoms caused by cholinergic hypofunction in advanced AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Košak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boris Brus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Knez
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roman Šink
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Žakelj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jurij Trontelj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pišlar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jasna Šlenc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Živin
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Larisa Tratnjek
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Perše
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Adrian Podkowa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Anna Więckowska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jure Stojan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Janko Kos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nicolas Coquelle
- University Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France.,CNRS, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France.,CEA, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Jacques-Philippe Colletier
- University Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France.,CNRS, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France.,CEA, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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11
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Convergent Synthesis of Two Fluorescent Ebselen-Coumarin Heterodimers. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9030043. [PMID: 27399725 PMCID: PMC5039496 DOI: 10.3390/ph9030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The organo-seleniumdrug ebselen exhibits a wide range of pharmacological effects that are predominantly due to its interference with redox systems catalyzed by seleno enzymes, e.g., glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase. Moreover, ebselen can covalently interact with thiol groups of several enzymes. According to its pleiotropic mode of action, ebselen has been investigated in clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of different ailments. Fluorescence-labeled probes containing ebselen are expected to be suitable for further biological and medicinal studies. We therefore designed and synthesized two coumarin-tagged activity-based probes bearing the ebselen warhead. The heterodimers differ by the nature of the spacer structure, for which—in the second compound—a PEG/two-amide spacer was introduced. The interaction of this probe and of ebselen with two cysteine proteases was investigated.
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12
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Häußler D, Mangold M, Furtmann N, Braune A, Blaut M, Bajorath J, Stirnberg M, Gütschow M. Phosphono Bisbenzguanidines as Irreversible Dipeptidomimetic Inhibitors and Activity-Based Probes of Matriptase-2. Chemistry 2016; 22:8525-35. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Häußler
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Martin Mangold
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Norbert Furtmann
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn Germany
- Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT; LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry; University of Bonn; Dahlmannstrasse 2 53113 Bonn Germany
| | - Annett Braune
- Department of Gastrointestinal Microbiology; German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke; Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116 14558 Nuthetal Germany
| | - Michael Blaut
- Department of Gastrointestinal Microbiology; German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke; Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116 14558 Nuthetal Germany
| | - Jürgen Bajorath
- Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT; LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry; University of Bonn; Dahlmannstrasse 2 53113 Bonn Germany
| | - Marit Stirnberg
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn Germany
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13
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Mertens MD, Bierwisch A, Li T, Gütschow M, Thiermann H, Wille T, Elsinghorst PW. A novel fluorogenic probe for the investigation of free thiols: Application to kinetic measurements of acetylcholinesterase activity. Toxicol Lett 2016; 244:161-166. [PMID: 26494253 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A novel coumarin-derived thiol probe, based on the thiol-promoted cleavage of a quenching 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl group is described. The probe shows a sensitive fluorescence turn-on and sufficient solubility in aqueous environments. As a proof of concept, a new assay for AChE activity was developed as a useful addition to the established Ellman method. The observed reaction kinetics followed an asymmetric sigmoidal pattern and were successfully evaluated applying a three parameter Gompertz equation. Providing a linear relationship between the detected fluorescence formation curves and corresponding enzyme activities, this probe appears as a valuable tool for AChE activity measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias D Mertens
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anne Bierwisch
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 München, Germany
| | - Tianwei Li
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Horst Thiermann
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 München, Germany
| | - Timo Wille
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 München, Germany
| | - Paul W Elsinghorst
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany; Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 München, Germany.
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Structure-based development of nitroxoline derivatives as potential multifunctional anti-Alzheimer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:4442-4452. [PMID: 26116179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tremendous efforts have been dedicated to the development of effective therapeutics against Alzheimer's disease, which represents the most common debilitating neurodegenerative disease. Multifunctional agents are molecules designed to have simultaneous effects on different pathological processes. Such compounds represent an emerging strategy for the development of effective treatments against Alzheimer's disease. Here, we report on the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of nitroxoline-based analogs that were designed by merging the scaffold of 8-hydroxyquinoline with that of a known selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor that has promising anti-Alzheimer properties. Most strikingly, compound 8g inhibits self-induced aggregation of the amyloid beta peptide (Aβ1-42), inhibits with sub-micromolar potency butyrylcholinesterase (IC50=215 nM), and also selectively complexes Cu(2+). Our study thus designates this compound as a promising multifunctional agent for therapeutic treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The crystal structure of human butyrylcholinesterase in complex with compound 8g is also solved, which suggests ways to further optimize compounds featuring the 8-hydroxyquinoline scaffold.
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15
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Häußler D, Gütschow M. Synthesis of a Fluorescent-Labeled Bisbenzamidine Containing the Central (6,7-Dimethoxy-4-coumaryl)Alanine Building Block. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Häußler
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; D-53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; D-53121 Bonn Germany
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16
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Babu E, Muthu Mareeswaran P, Sathish V, Singaravadivel S, Rajagopal S. Sensing and inhibition of amyloid-β based on the simple luminescent aptamer-ruthenium complex system. Talanta 2014; 134:348-353. [PMID: 25618678 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide has been known to be pathologically associated with Alzheimer and dementia diseases. Amyloid-β fibrils serve as an important target for the drugs development and diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we report a new [Ru(dmbpy)(dcbpy)dppz)] complex (dmbpy; 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, dcbpy; 4,4'-dicorboxy-2,2'-bipyridine, dppz; dipyridophenazine) intercalated aptamer based recognition of amyloid-β. Interestingly, aforementioned Ru(II) complex shows weak luminescence intensity in the aqueous medium but it shows strong luminescence intensity in the presence of RNA aptamer. Upon addition of amyloid-β monomers, the luminescence intensity of Ru(II) complex is reduced due to the strong interaction of aptamer with amyloid-β monomer/small oligomers. Furthermore, present study implies that our system has ability to inhibit the formation of amyloid-β fibrils, which is confirmed from the AFM morphological structures in the absence and presence of aptamer. This work may contribute the rapid diagnosis and inhibition of amyloid-β aggregation in the clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eththilu Babu
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Chemistry, VV College of Engineering, Tisaiyanvilai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Paulpandian Muthu Mareeswaran
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India; Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Veerasamy Sathish
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Physical Science, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathiyamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanian Singaravadivel
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Seenivasan Rajagopal
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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17
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Hamulakova S, Imrich J, Janovec L, Kristian P, Danihel I, Holas O, Pohanka M, Böhm S, Kozurkova M, Kuca K. Novel tacrine/acridine anticholinesterase inhibitors with piperazine and thiourea linkers. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 70:435-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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18
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Coumarin hybrids as novel therapeutic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3806-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Aslam S, Zaib S, Ahmad M, Gardiner JM, Ahmad A, Hameed A, Furtmann N, Gütschow M, Bajorath J, Iqbal J. Novel structural hybrids of pyrazolobenzothiazines with benzimidazoles as cholinesterase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 78:106-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Mertens MD, Schmitz J, Horn M, Furtmann N, Bajorath J, Mareš M, Gütschow M. A coumarin-labeled vinyl sulfone as tripeptidomimetic activity-based probe for cysteine cathepsins. Chembiochem 2014; 15:955-9. [PMID: 24648212 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A coumarin-tetrahydroquinoline hydride 8 was synthesized as a chemical tool for fluorescent labeling. The rigidified tricyclic coumarin structure was chosen for its suitable fluorescence properties. The connection of 8 with a vinyl sulfone building block was accomplished by convergent synthesis thereby leading to the coumarin-based, tripeptidomimetic activity-based probe 10, containing a Gly-Phe-Gly motif. Probe 10 was evaluated as inactivator of the therapeutically relevant human cysteine cathepsins S, L, K, and B: it showed particularly strong inactivation of cathepsin S. The detection of recombinant and native cathepsin S was demonstrated by applying 10 to in-gel fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias D Mertens
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn (Germany)
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21
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Mertens MD, Hinz S, Müller CE, Gütschow M. Alkynyl–coumarinyl ethers as MAO-B inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:1916-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Davis AB, Lambert RE, Fronczek FR, Cragg PJ, Wallace KJ. An activated coumarin-enamine Michael acceptor for CN−. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj00862f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two fluorescent chemodosimeters are shown to detect cyanide ions via a Michael addition as low as 4 ppb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron B. Davis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Southern Mississippi
- Hattiesburg, USA
| | - Rachel E. Lambert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Southern Mississippi
- Hattiesburg, USA
| | | | - Peter J. Cragg
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Brighton
- Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Karl J. Wallace
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Southern Mississippi
- Hattiesburg, USA
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23
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Bolognesi ML. Amyloid Chemical Probes and Theranostics: Steps Toward Personalized Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases. METHODS AND PRINCIPLES IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527677252.ch09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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24
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Mertens MD, Gütschow M. Synthesis and Evaluation of Two Coumarin-Type Derivatization Reagents for Fluorescence Detection of Chiral Amines and Chiral Carboxylic Acids. Chirality 2013; 25:957-64. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias D. Mertens
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
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25
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Samadi A, de la Fuente Revenga M, Pérez C, Iriepa I, Moraleda I, Rodríguez-Franco MI, Marco-Contelles J. Synthesis, pharmacological assessment, and molecular modeling of 6-chloro-pyridonepezils: new dual AChE inhibitors as potential drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 67:64-74. [PMID: 23838422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
6-Chloro-pyridonepezils are chloropyridine-donepezil hybrids designed by combining the N-benzylpiperidine moiety present in donepezil with the 2-chloropyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile heterocyclic ring system, both connected by an appropriate polymethylene linker. 6-Chloro-pyridonepezils1-8 were prepared by reaction of 2,6-dichloro-4-phenylpyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile (13) [or 2,6-dichloropyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile (14)] with suitable 2-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)alkylamines (9-12). The biological evaluation showed that these new compounds are cholinesterase inhibitors, in the submicromolar range, one of them (6) being a potent hBuChE inhibitor (IC50 = 0.47 ± 0.08 μM). 6-Chloro-pyridonepezils4, 7 and 8 are potent hAChE inhibitors showing IC50 in the 0.013-0.054 μM range. Particularly, 6-chloro-pyridonepezil8 is 625-fold more selective for hAChE than for hBuChE and compared to donepezil is equipotent for the inhibition of hAChE. Molecular modeling investigation on 6-chloro-pyridonepezils4, 6-8 supports its dual AChE inhibitory profile, by binding simultaneously at the catalytic active and at peripheral anionic sites of the enzyme. The in vitro Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) and theoretical ADME analysis of 6-chloro-pyridonepezils1-8 have been carried out. Overall, compound 8, is a permeable potent and selective dual AChEI that can be considered as a good candidate with potential impact for further pharmacological development in Alzheimer's therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelouahid Samadi
- Laboratorio de Química Médica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Romero A, Cacabelos R, Oset-Gasque MJ, Samadi A, Marco-Contelles J. Novel tacrine-related drugs as potential candidates for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:1916-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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de Aquino RAN, Modolo LV, Alves RB, de Fátima Â. Synthesis, kinetic studies and molecular modeling of novel tacrine dimers as cholinesterase inhibitors. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:8395-409. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41762j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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28
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Bolea I, Juárez-Jiménez J, de Los Ríos C, Chioua M, Pouplana R, Luque FJ, Unzeta M, Marco-Contelles J, Samadi A. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling of donepezil and N-[(5-(benzyloxy)-1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl]-N-methylprop-2-yn-1-amine hybrids as new multipotent cholinesterase/monoamine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. J Med Chem 2011; 54:8251-70. [PMID: 22023459 DOI: 10.1021/jm200853t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A new family of multitarget molecules able to interact with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), as well as with monoamino oxidase (MAO) A and B, has been synthesized. Novel compounds (3-9) have been designed using a conjunctive approach that combines the benzylpiperidine moiety of the AChE inhibitor donepezil (1) and the indolyl propargylamino moiety of the MAO inhibitor N-[(5-benzyloxy-1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl]-N-methylprop-2-yn-1-amine (2), connected through an oligomethylene linker. The most promising hybrid (5) is a potent inhibitor of both MAO-A (IC50=5.2±1.1 nM) and MAO-B (IC50=43±8.0 nM) and is a moderately potent inhibitor of AChE (IC50=0.35±0.01 μM) and BuChE (IC50=0.46±0.06 μM). Moreover, molecular modeling and kinetic studies support the dual binding site to AChE, which explains the inhibitory effect exerted on Aβ aggregation. Overall, the results suggest that the new compounds are promising multitarget drug candidates with potential impact for Alzheimer's disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bolea
- Departament de Bioquı́mica i Biologı́a Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Cystamine-tacrine dimer: a new multi-target-directed ligand as potential therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Neuropharmacology 2011; 62:997-1003. [PMID: 22032870 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, clinically characterized by loss of memory and progressive deficits in different cognitive domains. An emerging disease-modifying approach to face the multifactorial nature of AD may be represented by the development of Multi-Target Directed Ligands (MTDLs), i.e., single compounds which may simultaneously modulate different targets involved in the neurodegenerative AD cascade. The structure of tacrine, an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor (AChEI), has been widely used as scaffold to provide new MTDLs. In particular, its homodimer bis(7)tacrine represents an interesting lead compound to design novel MTDLs. Thus, in the search of new rationally designed MTDLs against AD, we replaced the heptamethylene linker of bis(7)tacrine with the structure of cystamine, leading to cystamine-tacrine dimer. In this study we demonstrated that the cystamine-tacrine dimer is endowed with a lower toxicity in comparison to bis(7)tacrine, it is able to inhibit AChE, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), self- and AChE-induced beta-amyloid aggregation in the same range of the reference compound and exerts a neuroprotective action on SH-SY5Y cell line against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative injury. The investigation of the mechanism of neuroprotection showed that the cystamine-tacrine dimer acts by activating kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and Akt/protein kinase B (PKB) pathways. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder'.
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Bartolini M, Pistolozzi M, Andrisano V, Egea J, López MG, Iriepa I, Moraleda I, Gálvez E, Marco-Contelles J, Samadi A. Chemical and Pharmacological Studies on Enantiomerically Pure p-Methoxytacripyrines, Promising Multi-Target-Directed Ligands for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:1990-7. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Brambilla D, Le Droumaguet B, Nicolas J, Hashemi SH, Wu LP, Moghimi SM, Couvreur P, Andrieux K. Nanotechnologies for Alzheimer's disease: diagnosis, therapy, and safety issues. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2011; 7:521-40. [PMID: 21477665 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most common form of dementia worldwide, affecting more than 35 million people. Advances in nanotechnology are beginning to exert a significant impact in neurology. These approaches, which are often based on the design and engineering of a plethora of nanoparticulate entities with high specificity for brain capillary endothelial cells, are currently being applied to early AD diagnosis and treatment. In addition, nanoparticles (NPs) with high affinity for the circulating amyloid-β (Aβ) forms may induce "sink effect" and improve the AD condition. There are also developments in relation to in vitro diagnostics for AD, including ultrasensitive NP-based bio-barcodes, immunosensors, as well as scanning tunneling microscopy procedures capable of detecting Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(1-42). However, there are concerns regarding the initiation of possible NP-mediated adverse events in AD, thus demanding the use of precisely assembled nanoconstructs from biocompatible materials. Key advances and safety issues are reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Brambilla
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie, Pharmacotechnie et Biopharmacie, Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Pisani L, Catto M, Giangreco I, Leonetti F, Nicolotti O, Stefanachi A, Cellamare S, Carotti A. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of coumarin derivatives tethered to an edrophonium-like fragment as highly potent and selective dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2011; 5:1616-30. [PMID: 20677317 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201000210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A large series of substituted coumarins linked through an appropriate spacer to 3-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylanilino or 3-hydroxy-N,N,N-trialkylbenzaminium moieties were synthesized and evaluated as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors. The highest AChE inhibitory potency in the 3-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylanilino series was observed with a 6,7-dimethoxy-3-substituted coumarin derivative, which, along with an outstanding affinity (IC(50)=0.236 nM) exhibits excellent AChE/BChE selectivity (SI>300 000). Most of the synthesized 3-hydroxy-N,N,N-trialkylbenzaminium salts display an AChE affinity in the sub-nanomolar to picomolar range along with excellent AChE/BChE selectivities (SI values up to 138 333). The combined use of docking and molecular dynamics simulations permitted us to shed light on the observed structure-affinity and structure-selectivity relationships, to detect two possible alternative binding modes, and to assess the critical role of pi-pi stacking interactions in the AChE peripheral binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Pisani
- Dipartimento Farmaco-chimico, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Ouberai M, Brannstrom K, Vestling M, Olofsson A, Dumy P, Chierici S, Garcia J. Clicked tacrine conjugates as acetylcholinesterase and β-amyloid directed compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:1140-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00393j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sahni JK, Doggui S, Ali J, Baboota S, Dao L, Ramassamy C. Neurotherapeutic applications of nanoparticles in Alzheimer's disease. J Control Release 2010; 152:208-31. [PMID: 21134407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A rapid increase in incidence of neurodegenerative disorders has been observed with the aging of the population. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly. It is characterized by memory dysfunction, loss of lexical access, spatial and temporal disorientation and impairment of judgement clinically. Unfortunately, clinical development of drugs for the symptomatic and disease-modifying treatment of AD has resulted in both promise and disappointment. Indeed, a large number of drugs with differing targets and mechanisms of action were investigated with only a few of them being clinically available. The targeted drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS), for the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as AD, is restricted due to the limitations posed by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) as well as due to opsonization by plasma proteins in the systemic circulation and peripheral side-effects. Over the last decade, nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery represents one promising strategy to successfully increase the CNS penetration of several therapeutic moieties. Different nanocarriers are being investigated to treat and diagnose AD by delivering at a constant rate a host of therapeutics over times extending up to days, weeks or even months. This review provides a concise incursion on the current pharmacotherapies for AD besides reviewing and discussing the literature on the different drug molecules that have been successfully encapsulated in nanoparticles (NPs). Some of them have been shown to cross the BBB and have been tested either for diagnosis or treatment of AD. Finally, the route of NPs administration and the future prospects will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasjeet Kaur Sahni
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531, boul. des Prairies, H7V 1B7 Laval, Québec, Canada
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Bolognesi ML, Bartolini M, Mancini F, Chiriano G, Ceccarini L, Rosini M, Milelli A, Tumiatti V, Andrisano V, Melchiorre C. Bis(7)-tacrine derivatives as multitarget-directed ligands: Focus on anticholinesterase and antiamyloid activities. ChemMedChem 2010; 5:1215-20. [PMID: 20486153 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201000086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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González Tanarro CM, Gütschow M. Hyperbolic mixed-type inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by tetracyclic thienopyrimidines. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2010; 26:350-8. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2010.504674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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37
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Multipotent drugs with cholinergic and neuroprotective properties for the treatment of Alzheimer and neuronal vascular diseases. I. Synthesis, biological assessment, and molecular modeling of simple and readily available 2-aminopyridine-, and 2-chloropyridine-3,5-dicarbonitriles. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:5861-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.06.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Härtig W, Kacza J, Paulke BR, Grosche J, Bauer U, Hoffmann A, Elsinghorst PW, Gütschow M. In vivolabelling of hippocampal β-amyloid in triple-transgenic mice with a fluorescent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor released from nanoparticles. Eur J Neurosci 2010; 31:99-109. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2009.07038.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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