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McKenzie J, Pennington DL, Ericson T, Cope E, Kaufman AJ, Cozzolino AF, Johnson DC, Kadota K, Hendon CH, Brozek CK. Tunable Interlayer Interactions in Exfoliated 2D van der Waals Framework Fe(SCN) 2(Pyrazine) 2. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2409959. [PMID: 39318090 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202409959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
2D materials can be isolated as monolayer sheets when interlayer interactions involve weak van der Waals forces. These atomically thin structures enable novel topological physics and open chemical questions of how to tune the structure and properties of the sheets while maintaining them as isolated monolayers. Here, this work investigates 2D electroactive sheets that exfoliate in solution into colloidal nanosheets, but aggregate upon oxidation, giving rise to tunable interlayer charge transfer absorption and photoluminescence. This optical behavior resembles interlayer excitons, now intensely studied due to their long-lived emission, but which remain difficult to tune through synthetic chemistry. Instead, the interlayer excitons of these framework sheets can be modulated through control of solvent, electrolyte, oxidation state, and the composition of the framework building blocks. Compared to other 2D materials, these framework sheets display the largest known interlayer binding strengths, attributable to specific orbital interactions between the sheets, and among the longest interlayer exciton lifetimes. Taken together, this study provides a microscopic basis for manipulating long-range opto-electronic behavior in van der Waals materials through molecular synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob McKenzie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Doran L Pennington
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Thomas Ericson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Elana Cope
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Aaron J Kaufman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Anthony F Cozzolino
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - David C Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Kentaro Kadota
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Christopher H Hendon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Carl K Brozek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
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Orek C, Keser S, Kaygili O, Zuchowski P, Bulut N. Structures and optical properties of zinc oxide nanoclusters: a combined experimental and theoretical approach. J Mol Model 2023; 29:227. [PMID: 37405592 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05641-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT In this study, theoretical and experimental analysis of the electrical, optical, and structural properties of a wurtzite-like zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructure has been done. To investigate how quantum confinement affects the optical characteristics, two distinct ZnO clusters in nanowire structures have been investigated. The [(ZnO)55(H2O)4] system's HOMO-LUMO band gap (BG) was calculated to be 2.99 eV, which is quite close to the experimental measurement. It was found that the BG decreases with the increase in the number of atoms in the cluster in connection with the quantum confinement in nanoclusters. In addition, the lowest excitation energy in TD-DFT calculations of the identical system is in fairly good agreement with the experimental value with a difference of 0.1 eV. We conclude that the CAM-B3LYP functional has highly successful in reproducing the experimental data reported in the present study and previously reported experimental data. METHODS The geometrical optimization of two different sizes of ZnO clusters ([(ZnO)25(H2O)4] and [ZnO)55(H2O)4]) was performed using the CAM-B3LYP functional with no symmetry constraints applied in the gas phase. LANL2DZ basis sets were used for the Zinc (Zn) atom and 6-31G* basis sets for the O and H atoms. To determine their optical and electronic properties, excited state calculations of the pre-optimized structures were performed using the Time-Dependent DFT (TD-DFT) method. Multiwfn, Gaussum 3.0, and GaussView 5.0 programs were used to visualize the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cahit Orek
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey.
- Kastamonu Univ, Res & Applicat Ctr, TR-37150, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Serhat Keser
- Department of Chemical Technology, EOSB Higher Vocational School, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Omer Kaygili
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Piotr Zuchowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Niyazi Bulut
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
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3
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Murzalinov D, Kemelbekova A, Seredavina T, Spivak Y, Serikkanov A, Shongalova A, Zhantuarov S, Moshnikov V, Mukhamedshina D. Self-Organization Effects of Thin ZnO Layers on the Surface of Porous Silicon by Formation of Energetically Stable Nanostructures. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:838. [PMID: 36676575 PMCID: PMC9860583 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The formation of complex surface morphology of a multilayer structure, the processes of which are based on quantum phenomena, is a promising domain of the research. A hierarchy of pore of various sizes was determined in the initial sample of porous silicon by the atomic force microscopy. After film deposition by spray pyrolysis, ZnO nanoclusters regularly distributed over the sample surface were formed. Using the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method it was determined that the localization of paramagnetic centers occurs more efficiently as a result of the ZnO deposition. An increase in the number of deposited layers, leads to a decrease in the paramagnetic center relaxation time, which is probably connected with the formation of ZnO nanocrystals with energetically stable properties. The nucleation and formation of nanocrystals is associated with the interaction of particles with an uncompensated charge. There is no single approach to determine the mechanism of this process. By the EPR method supplemented with the signal cyclic saturation, spectral manifestations from individual centers were effectively separated. Based on electron paramagnetic resonance and photoluminescence studies it was revealed that the main transitions between energy levels are due to oxygen vacancies and excitons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danatbek Murzalinov
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
| | - Ainagul Kemelbekova
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
| | - Tatyana Seredavina
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
| | - Yulia Spivak
- Microelectronics Department, Saint-Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, 5 Professora Popova Street, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Abay Serikkanov
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
| | - Aigul Shongalova
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
| | - Sultan Zhantuarov
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
| | - Vyacheslav Moshnikov
- Microelectronics Department, Saint-Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, 5 Professora Popova Street, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daniya Mukhamedshina
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
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4
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Poor Heravi MR, Torkpour I, Vessally E, Amini I. Adsorption of syn−propanethial S−oxide on the Zn 12O 12 cluster: insights from ab-initio modelling. J Sulphur Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2021.1881097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ipak Torkpour
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmail Vessally
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Issa Amini
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
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Mullani SB, Dhodamani AG, Shellikeri A, Mullani NB, Tawade AK, Tayade SN, Biscay J, Dennany L, Delekar SD. Structural refinement and electrochemical properties of one dimensional (ZnO NRs) 1-x(CNs) x functional hybrids for serotonin sensing studies. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15955. [PMID: 32994507 PMCID: PMC7524834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the efficient serotonin (5-HT) sensing studies have been conducted using the (ZnO NRs)1-x(CNs)x nanocomposites (NCs) having appropriate structural and electrochemical properties. Initially, the different compositions of ZnO nanorods (NRs), with varying content of carbon nanostructures (CNs=MWCNTs and RGO), are prepared using simple in-situ wet chemical method and thereafter these NCs have been characterized for physico-chemical properties in correlation to the 5-HT sensing activity. XRD Rietveld refinement studies reveal the hexagonal Wurtzite ZnO NRs oriented in (101) direction with space group 'P63mc' and both orientation as well as phase of ZnO NRs are also retained in the NCs due to the small content of CNs. The interconnectivity between the ZnO NRs with CNs through different functional moieties is also studied using FTIR analysis; while phases of the constituents are confirmed through Raman analysis. FESEM images of the bare/NCs show hexagonal shaped rods with higher aspect ratio (4.87) to that of others. BET analysis and EIS measurements reveal the higher surface area (97.895 m2/g), lower charge transfer resistance (16.2 kΩ) for the ZCNT 0.1 NCs to that of other NCs or bare material. Thereafter, the prepared NCs are deposited on the screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) using chitosan as cross-linked agent for 5-HT sensing studies; conducted through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) measurements. Among the various composites, ZCNT0.1 NCs based electrodes exhibit higher sensing activity towards 5-HT in accordance to its higher surface area, lower particle size and lower charge transfer resistance. SWV measurements provide a wide linear response range (7.5-300 μM); lower limit of detection (0.66 μM), excellent limit of quantification (2.19 μM) and good reproducibility to ZCNT 0.1 NCs as compared to others for 5-HT sensing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid B Mullani
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, 416004, India
| | - Ananta G Dhodamani
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, 416004, India
| | - Annadanesh Shellikeri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida A&M University-Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310-6046, USA
- Aero-Propulsion, Mechatronics and Energy Centre, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310-6046, USA
| | - Navaj B Mullani
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University (ERICA), Ansan, 15588, South Korea
| | - Anita K Tawade
- School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416004, MS, India
| | - Shivaji N Tayade
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, 416004, India
| | - Julien Biscay
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK
| | - Lynn Dennany
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK
| | - Sagar D Delekar
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, 416004, India.
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Vrubel II, Pervishko AA, Yudin D, Sanyal B, Eriksson O, Rodnyi PA. Oxygen vacancy in ZnO- wphase: pseudohybrid Hubbard density functional study. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:315503. [PMID: 32224510 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab849d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The study of zinc oxide, within the homogeneous electron gas approximation, results in overhybridization of zinc 3d shell with oxygen 2p shell, a problem shown for most transition metal chalcogenides. This problem can be partially overcome by using LDA +U(or, GGA +U) methodology. However, in contrast to the zinc 3d orbital, Hubbard type correction is typically excluded for the oxygen 2p orbital. In this work, we provide results of electronic structure calculations of an oxygen vacancy in ZnO supercell fromab initioperspective, with two Hubbard type corrections,UZn-3dandUO-2p. The results of our numerical simulations clearly reveal that the account ofUO-2phas a significant impact on the properties of bulk ZnO, in particular the relaxed lattice constants, effective mass of charge carriers as well as the bandgap. For a set of validated values ofUZn-3dandUO-2pwe demonstrate the appearance of a localized state associated with the oxygen vacancy positioned in the bandgap of the ZnO supercell. Our numerical findings suggest that the defect state is characterized by the highest overlap with the conduction band states as obtained in the calculations with no Hubbard-type correction included. We argue that the electronic density of the defect state is primarily determined by Zn atoms closest to the vacancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan I Vrubel
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia
| | - Anastasiia A Pervishko
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dmitry Yudin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Biplab Sanyal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olle Eriksson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Piotr A Rodnyi
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
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7
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Mullani SB, Tawade AK, Tayade SN, Sharma KKK, Deshmukh SP, Mullani NB, Mali SS, Hong CK, Swamy BEK, Delekar SD. Synthesis of Ni 2+ ion doped ZnO–MWCNTs nanocomposites using an in situ sol–gel method: an ultra sensitive non-enzymatic uric acid sensing electrode material. RSC Adv 2020; 10:36949-36961. [PMID: 35521260 PMCID: PMC9057054 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06290a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel (Ni2+) ion doped zinc oxide-multi-wall carbon nanotubes (NZC) with different composition ratios of MWCNTs (from 0.01 to 0.1 wt%) are synthesized through an in situ sol–gel method. The synthesized NZC nanocomposites (NCs) are used as electrode materials with glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) for electrochemical detection of uric acid (UA). The cyclic voltammogram of the representative NZC 0.1 modified GCE (NZC 0.1/GCE) revealed the highest electrochemical sensing activity towards the oxidation of UA at 0.37 V in 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) having pH 7.4 ± 0.02. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for the NZC 0.1/GCE are determined to be 5.72 nM and 19.00 nM (S/N = 3) respectively, which is the lowest compared to the literature values reported for enzymatic and non-enzymatic detection techniques. The synergistic effect of NZC 0.1 NCs is proposed as one of the factors for the enhanced electrochemical oxidation of UA complemented by the phase, lattice parameters, functional groups, morphology, elemental compositions, types of bonding and specific surface area with pore size ascertained using various techniques. The synthesized NZC 0.1 NCs are further proposed as selective electrode materials for the electrochemical detection of UA as authenticated further by performing interference tests with other metabolites such as ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and d-glucose. The optimized electrochemical studies are further adopted for sensing of UA from human excretion samples using NZC 0.1 NCs. Nickel (Ni2+) ion doped zinc oxide-multi-wall carbon nanotubes (NZC) with different composition ratios of MWCNTs (from 0.01 to 0.1 wt%) are synthesized through an in situ sol–gel method.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anita K. Tawade
- School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology
- Shivaji University
- Kolhapur 416004
- India
| | | | | | - Shamkumar P. Deshmukh
- Department of Chemistry
- Shivaji University
- Kolhapur 416004
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Navaj B. Mullani
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Ansan
- 15588 South Korea
| | - Sawanta S. Mali
- Department of Advanced Chemical Engineering
- Chonnam National University
- Gwangju
- 61186 South Korea
| | - Chang Kook Hong
- Department of Advanced Chemical Engineering
- Chonnam National University
- Gwangju
- 61186 South Korea
| | - B. E. Kumara Swamy
- Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Industrial Chemistry
- Kuvempu University
- Shimoga
- India
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9
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Mokkath JH. Optical properties of pyridine adsorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using quantum chemical calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 21:448-454. [PMID: 30534789 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06744a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the molecular version of graphene, having edges saturated with hydrogen atoms, have recently emerged as a novel nanoplasmonic material. In this work, we investigate the optical properties of pristine and pyridine adsorbed circular and triangular PAHs. We base our calculations on computationally efficient first-principles time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. We find substantial changes in the optical absorption spectra induced by the presence of the pyridine molecule. In addition, with the help of electron difference density (EDD) maps, we demonstrate a strong optical interaction between PAHs and pyridine molecules. The main effect of pyridine adsorption is to split the plasmon band and to redistribute the optical absorption in a wider energy range. We believe that our findings can help in the design of novel plasmonic devices having PAHs as basic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junais Habeeb Mokkath
- Department of Physics, Kuwait College of Science And Technology, Doha Area, 7th Ring Road, P.O. Box 27235, Kuwait.
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10
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Orsi D, Rimoldi T, Pinelli S, Alinovi R, Goldoni M, Benecchi G, Rossi F, Cristofolini L. New CeF 3-ZnO nanocomposites for self-lighted photodynamic therapy that block adenocarcinoma cell life cycle. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:2311-2326. [PMID: 30198424 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To synthesize and characterize the performances of a new all-inorganic nanocomposite (NC) for self-lighted photodynamic therapy against cancer. This NC could allow radiotherapy doses to be reduced, as it enhances the effects of x-rays, generating cytotoxic reactive oxygen species as singlet oxygen. MATERIALS & METHODS The proposed NC combines CeF3 and ZnO; CeF3 absorbs 6-MeV x-rays and activates the photosensitizer ZnO. Characterization is performed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning-TEM, energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry and fluorescence spectroscopies. Efficiency on human adenocarcinoma cells (A549) was tested by fluorescence spectroscopy, cytofluorimetry, viability assays, clonogenic assays, cell cycle progression assays. RESULTS NC blocks A549's cell cycle before mitosis in the dark. Upon low-dose x-ray irradiation (2 Gy), reactive oxygen species/singlet oxygen are generated, further blocking cell cycle and reducing viability by 18% with respect to the sum of x-ray irradiation and NC dark activity. CONCLUSION These novel NCs promise to reduce doses in radiotherapy, helping to reduce unwanted side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Orsi
- Department of Mathematical, Physical & Computer Sciences, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Tiziano Rimoldi
- Department of Mathematical, Physical & Computer Sciences, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Silvana Pinelli
- Department of Medicine & Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Rossella Alinovi
- Department of Medicine & Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Goldoni
- Department of Medicine & Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanna Benecchi
- Servizio di Fisica Sanitaria, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche, Istituto dei Materiali per l'Elettronica ed il Magnetismo IMEM-CNR, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Luigi Cristofolini
- Department of Mathematical, Physical & Computer Sciences, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
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11
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Revealing hole trapping in zinc oxide nanoparticles by time-resolved X-ray spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2018; 9:478. [PMID: 29396396 PMCID: PMC5797134 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02870-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanostructures of transition metal oxides, such as zinc oxide, have attracted considerable interest for solar-energy conversion and photocatalysis. Both applications are sensitive to the transport and trapping of photoexcited charge carriers. The probing of electron trapping has recently become possible using time-resolved element-sensitive methods, such as X-ray spectroscopy. However, valence-band-trapped holes have so far escaped observation. Herein we use X-ray absorption spectroscopy combined with a dispersive X-ray emission spectrometer to probe the charge carrier relaxation and trapping processes in zinc oxide nanoparticles after above band-gap photoexcitation. Our results, supported by simulations, demonstrate that within 80 ps, photoexcited holes are trapped at singly charged oxygen vacancies, which causes an outward displacement by ~15% of the four surrounding zinc atoms away from the doubly charged vacancy. This identification of the hole traps provides insight for future developments of transition metal oxide-based nanodevices. Metal-oxide nanostructures are used in a range of light-driven applications, yet the fundamentals behind their properties are poorly understood. Here the authors probe photoexcited zinc oxide nanoparticles using time-resolved X-ray spectroscopy, identifying photocatalytically-active hole traps as oxygen vacancies in the lattice.
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12
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Ghosh S, Ghosh M, Seibt M, Rao GM. Detection of quantum well induced single degenerate-transition-dipoles in ZnO nanorods. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:2632-2638. [PMID: 26691877 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06722g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying and characterising atomic defects in nanocrystals is difficult and low-throughput using the existing methods such as high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). In this article, using a defocused wide-field optical imaging technique, we demonstrate that a single ultrahigh-piezoelectric ZnO nanorod contains a single defect site. We model the observed dipole-emission patterns from optical imaging with a multi-dimensional dipole and find that the experimentally observed dipole pattern and model-calculated patterns are in excellent agreement. This agreement suggests the presence of vertically oriented degenerate-transition-dipoles in vertically aligned ZnO nanorods. The HRTEM of the ZnO nanorod shows the presence of a stacking fault, which generates a localised quantum well induced degenerate-transition-dipole. Finally, we elucidate that defocused wide-field imaging can be widely used to characterise defects in nanomaterials to answer many difficult questions concerning the performance of low-dimensional devices, such as in energy harvesting, advanced metal-oxide-semiconductor storage, and nanoelectromechanical and nanophotonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Ghosh
- III. Institute of Physics, Georg-August-Universität-Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Moumita Ghosh
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India. and Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Michael Seibt
- IV. Institute of Physics, Georg-August-Universität-Göttingen, Freidrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - G Mohan Rao
- Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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13
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Javan MB, Soltani A, Azmoodeh Z, Abdolahi N, Gholami N. A DFT study on the interaction between 5-fluorouracil and B12N12 nanocluster. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18196a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The most stable interaction of 5-FU drug molecule from its nitrogen head (di-enol form) over B12N12 nano-cage is determined using density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Soltani
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center
- Golestan University of Medical Science
- Gorgan
- Iran
| | | | - Nafiseh Abdolahi
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center
- Golestan University of Medical Science
- Gorgan
- Iran
| | - Niloofar Gholami
- Young Researchers and Elite Club
- Gorgan Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Gorgan
- Iran
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14
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Torabi A, Staroverov VN. Band Gap Reduction in ZnO and ZnS by Creating Layered ZnO/ZnS Heterostructures. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:2075-2080. [PMID: 26266505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Wurtzite-type zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc sulfide (ZnS) have electronic band gaps that are too large for light-harvesting applications. Using screened hybrid density-functional methods, we show that the band gaps of ZnO and ZnS can be dramatically reduced by creating layered ZnO/ZnS bulk heterostructures in which m contiguous monolayers of ZnO alternate with n contiguous monolayers of ZnS. In particular, the band gap decreases by roughly 40% upon substitution of every tenth monolayer of ZnS with a monolayer of ZnO (and vice versa) and becomes as low as 1.5 eV for heterostructures with m = 3 to m = 9 contiguous monolayers of ZnO alternating with n = 10 - m monolayers of ZnS. The predicted band gaps of layered ZnO/ZnS heterostructures span the entire visible spectrum, which makes these materials suitable for photovoltaic device engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Torabi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Viktor N Staroverov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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15
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Jayabharathi J, Sundharesan M, Prabhakaran A, Karunakaran C. Understanding the binding interaction of imidazole with ZnO nanomaterials and clusters. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15957h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The order of binding energy values for imidazole adsorbed ZnO clusters through the preferred azomethine nitrogen site is imidazole–Zn4O4 (R) > imidazole–Zn3O3 > imidazole–Zn4O4 (W) > imidazole–Zn2O2.
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16
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Jayabharathi J, Karunakaran C, Kalaiarasi V. Thermodynamically feasible photoelectron transfer from bioactive π-expanded imidazole luminophores to ZnO nanocrystals. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj02003k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The chemical affinity between the nitrogen atom of the imidazole and the zinc ion on the surface of the nano oxide may be a reason for strong interaction of the ligand on nanoparticles causing the enhancement.
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17
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Azpiroz JM, Ugalde JM, Etgar L, Infante I, De Angelis F. The effect of TiO2 surface on the electron injection efficiency in PbS quantum dot solar cells: a first-principles study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:6076-86. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04976d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a density functional theory (DFT) study aimed at understanding the injection and recombination processes that occur at the interface between PbS Quantum Dots and different TiO2 surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon M. Azpiroz
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)
- and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- 20080 Donostia
- Spain
| | - Jesus M. Ugalde
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)
- and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- 20080 Donostia
- Spain
| | - Lioz Etgar
- Institute of Chemistry
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry
- Jerusalem
- Israel
| | - Ivan Infante
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)
- and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- 20080 Donostia
- Spain
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO)
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM-CNR)
- Perugia
- Italy
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18
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Majid A, Imtiaz A, Shakoor A, Hassan N. A computational study of anion photoelectron spectroscopy of zinc oxide nanoclusters. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Azpiroz JM, De Angelis F. DFT/TDDFT study of the adsorption of N3 and N719 dyes on ZnO(101̅0) surfaces. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:5885-93. [PMID: 24720354 DOI: 10.1021/jp501058x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
ZnO has attracted a great deal of research as a potential replacement of TiO2 for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), owing to the unique combination of interesting electronic properties (i.e., high electron mobility) and structural richness. Here, we present a DFT/TDDFT study about the interaction of the prototypical N3 and N719 Ru(II) sensitizers on ZnO models to understand some of the atomistic details that are crucial to the dye/semiconductor interaction. We pay particular attention to the adsorption mode of the sensitizer and to the effect of the complexation on the electronic structure of the dye. The sensitizers are predicted to strongly interact with the ZnO surface. In particular, the interaction is strengthened when three dye carboxylic groups are involved in the adsorption. Moreover, if the anchoring group bears a proton, the adsorption is predicted to be dissociative. The charge density donation from the dye to the semiconductor raises the valence and conduction band edges of the latter, in such a way that the optical gap of ZnO widens. Proton transfer from the dye to the semiconductor balances the charge donation effect and restores the electronic levels of the noninteracting fragments. The impact of dye/semiconductor interaction on the adsorbed dye optical properties is then discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon M Azpiroz
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) , P. K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
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20
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Heinzelmann J, Koop A, Proch S, Ganteför GF, Łazarski R, Sierka M. Cage-Like Nanoclusters of ZnO Probed by Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theory. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:2642-2648. [PMID: 26277957 DOI: 10.1021/jz501181c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoclusters have been predicted as promising building blocks for cluster-assembled materials with unprecedented properties. Here, for the first time these clusters are probed by time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and characterized in detail by density functional theory. Their validity as building blocks for cluster-assembled materials is confirmed via rigid cage-like structures facilitating three-dimensional aggregation in combination with large band gaps that are nevertheless significantly lower than any known ZnO polymorph. In addition, electron-hole pair localization in the excited state of the cluster anions combined with their structural rigidity leads to extraordinary long-lived states above the band gap virtually independent of the cluster size, defying the rule "every atom counts".
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Heinzelmann
- ‡Fachbereich für Physik, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alexander Koop
- ‡Fachbereich für Physik, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Proch
- ‡Fachbereich für Physik, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Gerd F Ganteför
- ‡Fachbereich für Physik, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Roman Łazarski
- †Otto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung, Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Marek Sierka
- †Otto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung, Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
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21
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Makowska-Janusik M, Kityk IV, Myronchuk G, Zamuraeva O, Parasyuk OV. Manifestation of intrinsic defects in the band structures of quaternary chalcogenide Ag2In2SiSe6 and Ag2In2GeSe6 crystals. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01005a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Complex studies on the band structures of novel Ag2In2SiSe6 and Ag2In2GeSe6 crystals were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I. V. Kityk
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering
- Czestochowa University of Technology
- 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - G. Myronchuk
- Physical Faculty
- Eastern European University
- Lutsk, Ukraine
| | - O. Zamuraeva
- Physical Faculty
- Eastern European University
- Lutsk, Ukraine
| | - O. V. Parasyuk
- Physical Faculty
- Eastern European University
- Lutsk, Ukraine
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22
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Bendavid LI, Carter EA. Status in Calculating Electronic Excited States in Transition Metal Oxides from First Principles. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 347:47-98. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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23
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Yao B, Wang P, Wang S, Zhang M. Ce doping influence on the magnetic phase transition in In2S3:Ce nanoparticles. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce42369g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The classical thermally driven transition from supermagnetic to blocked supermagnetic and quantum phase transition from magnetic long-range order to quantum superparamagnetic state have been observed in ultrasmall In2S3:Ce diluted magnetic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Physics and Telecommunications Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Technology
| | - Pan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
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24
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Azpiroz JM, Matxain JM, Infante I, Lopez X, Ugalde JM. A DFT/TDDFT study on the optoelectronic properties of the amine-capped magic (CdSe)13 nanocluster. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:10996-1005. [PMID: 23712668 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51687c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by the recent experiments by Wang et al. (Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 6154-6157), in which the alkylamine-capped magic-size (CdSe)13 has been isolated for the first time, we report on the computational modeling of the putative low-lying isomers of (CdSe)13, both bare and ligand-protected. According to Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, the core@cage configuration Se@Cd13Se12, consisting of a Se atom incarcerated in the center of a puckered Cd13Se12 cage, lies lower in energy than fullerene- and wurtzite-like structures. Methylamine-capped nanoclusters present average bond energies per ligand of about 20 kcal mol(-1), while bond energy decomposition schemes show this interaction to be mostly electrostatically-driven. The computed Time-Dependent-DFT (TDDFT) spectrum of the lowest-lying methylamine-protected (CdSe)13 isomer essentially coincides with the experiment, with a notable blueshift of the absorption features induced by the ligands. The LUMO has been found to be the acceptor orbital for all the lowest-lying electronic excitations, in both the bare and methylamine-capped clusters, which could explain the narrow emission profiles inherent in semiconductor nanostructures. In addition, the attachment of pyridine and aniline molecules has been evaluated. Interestingly, the molecular orbitals of these aromatic amines located on the edges of the valence and conduction bands may act as trap states, in agreement with experimental evidences. In the particular case of pyridine molecules, unoccupied orbitals intrude into the HOMO-LUMO gap of the cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon M Azpiroz
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
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25
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Saha S, Sarkar S, Pal S, Sarkar P. Ligand mediated tuning of the electronic energy levels of ZnO nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra22429a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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26
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Pastore M, De Angelis F. Modeling Materials and Processes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Understanding the Mechanism, Improving the Efficiency. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2013; 352:151-236. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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27
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Yao B, Zhao R, Lu S, Wang P, Zhang M. Quantum phase transition from superparamagnetic to quantum superparamagnetic state in In2S3:Eu nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40380g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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28
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Sousa C, Tosoni S, Illas F. Theoretical Approaches to Excited-State-Related Phenomena in Oxide Surfaces. Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300228z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Sousa
- Departament de Química
Física and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional
(IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí
i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Tosoni
- Departament de Química
Física and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional
(IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí
i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario
de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Francesc Illas
- Departament de Química
Física and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional
(IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí
i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Amat A, Angelis FD. Challenges in the simulation of dye-sensitized ZnO solar cells: quantum confinement, alignment of energy levels and excited state nature at the dye/semiconductor interface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:10662-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41616f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Azpiroz JM, Infante I, Lopez X, Ugalde JM, De Angelis F. A first-principles study of II–VI (II = Zn; VI = O, S, Se, Te) semiconductor nanostructures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33744d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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31
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Caddeo C, Malloci G, De Angelis F, Colombo L, Mattoni A. Optoelectronic properties of (ZnO)60 isomers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:14293-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42037f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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32
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Le Bahers T, Labat F, Pauporté T, Lainé PP, Ciofini I. Theoretical Procedure for Optimizing Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: From Electronic Structure to Photovoltaic Efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:8005-13. [DOI: 10.1021/ja201944g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tangui Le Bahers
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie, Chimie des Interfaces et Modélisation pour l’Energie, UMR 7575 CNRS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris—Chimie ParisTech, 11 rue P. et M. Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Frédéric Labat
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie, Chimie des Interfaces et Modélisation pour l’Energie, UMR 7575 CNRS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris—Chimie ParisTech, 11 rue P. et M. Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Thierry Pauporté
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie, Chimie des Interfaces et Modélisation pour l’Energie, UMR 7575 CNRS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris—Chimie ParisTech, 11 rue P. et M. Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Philippe P. Lainé
- Laboratoire ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 rue Jean Antoine de Baïf, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Ilaria Ciofini
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie, Chimie des Interfaces et Modélisation pour l’Energie, UMR 7575 CNRS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris—Chimie ParisTech, 11 rue P. et M. Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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