1
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Stokes EC, Shoetan IO, Gillman AM, Horton PN, Coles SJ, Woodbury SE, Fallis IA, Pope SJA. Alkyl chain functionalised Ir(iii) complexes: synthesis, properties and behaviour as emissive dopants in microemulsions. RSC Adv 2024; 14:6987-6997. [PMID: 38414995 PMCID: PMC10897649 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06764e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Six iridium(iii) complexes of the general form [Ir(C^N)2(N^N)]X (where C^N = cyclometalating ligand; N^N = disubstituted 2,2'-bipyridine), and incorporating alkyl chains of differing lengths (C8, C10, C12), have been synthesised and characterised. The complexes have been characterised using a variety of methods including spectroscopies (NMR, IR, UV-Vis, luminescence) and analytical techniques (high resolution mass spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry, X-ray diffraction). Two dodecyl-functionalised complexes were studied for their behaviour in aqueous solutions. Although the complexes did not possess sufficient solubility to determine their critical micelle concentrations (CMC) in water, they were amenable for use as emissive dopants in a N-methyl C12 substituted imidazolium salt microemulsion carrier system with a CMC = 36.5 mM. The investigation showed that the metal doped microemulsions had increased CMCs of 40.4 and 51.3 mM and luminescent properties characterised by the dopant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Stokes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Ibrahim O Shoetan
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Alice M Gillman
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Peter N Horton
- Chemistry, UK National Crystallographic Service, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ England UK
| | - Simon J Coles
- Chemistry, UK National Crystallographic Service, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ England UK
| | - Simon E Woodbury
- National Nuclear Laboratory, Central Laboratory Sellafield, Seascale Cumbria CA20 1PG UK
| | - Ian A Fallis
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Simon J A Pope
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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2
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Kumari S, Nehra M, Jain S, Dilbaghi N, Chaudhary GR, Kim KH, Kumar S. Metallosurfactant aggregates: Structures, properties, and potentials for multifarious applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 323:103065. [PMID: 38091690 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Metallosurfactants offer important scientific and technological advances due to their novel interfacial properties. As a special class of structures formed by the integration of metal ions into amphiphilic surfactant molecules, these metal-based amphiphilic molecules possess both organometallic and surface chemistries. This review critically examines the structural transitions of metallosurfactants from micelle to vesicle upon metal coordination. The properties of a metallosurfactant can be changed by tuning the coordination between the metal ions and surfactants. The self-assembled behavior of surfactants can be controlled by selecting transition-metal ions that enhance their catalytic efficiency in environmental applications by applying a hydrogen evolution reaction or oxygen evolution reaction. We present the different scattering techniques available to examine the properties of metallosurfactants (e.g., size, shape, structure, and aggregation behavior). The utility of metallosurfactants in catalysis, the synthesis of nanoparticles, and biomedical applications (involving diagnostics and therapeutics) is also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Kumari
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University Chandigarh, 160014, India; Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Monika Nehra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Shikha Jain
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Neeraj Dilbaghi
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Ganga Ram Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India; Physics Department, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Chandigarh 160012, India.
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3
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Kumar P, Pérez-Escribano M, van Raamsdonk DME, Escudero D. Phosphorescent Properties of Heteroleptic Ir(III) Complexes: Uncovering Their Emissive Species. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:7241-7255. [PMID: 37597243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
In this contribution, we assess the computational machinery to calculate the phosphorescence properties of a large pool of heteroleptic [Ir(C^N)2(N^N)]+ complexes (where N^N is an ancillary ligand and C^N is a cyclometalating ligand) including their phosphorescent rates and their emission spectra. Efficient computational protocols are next proposed. Specifically, different flavors of DFT functionals were benchmarked against DLPNO-CCSD(T) for the phosphorescence energies. The transition density matrix and decomposition analysis of the emitting triplet excited state enable us to categorize the studied complexes into different cases, from predominant triplet ligand-centered (3LC) character to predominant charge-transfer (3CT) character, either of metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3MLCT), ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (3LLCT), or a combination of the two. We have also calculated the vibronically resolved phosphorescent spectra and rates. Ir(III) complexes with predominant 3CT character are characterized by less vibronically resolved bands as compared to those with predominant 3LC character. Furthermore, some of the complexes are characterized by close-lying triplet excited states so that the calculation of their phosphorescence properties poses additional challenges. In these scenarios, it is necessary to perform geometry optimizations of higher-lying triplet excited states (i.e., Tn). We demonstrate that in the latter scenarios all of the close-lying triplet species must be considered to recover the shape of the experimental emission spectra. The global analysis of computed emission energies, shape of the computed emission spectra, computed rates, etc. enable us to unambiguously pinpoint for the first time the triplet states involved in the emission process and to provide a general classification of Ir(III) complexes with regard to their phosphorescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Daniel Escudero
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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4
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Charingia A, Shergujri MA, Suting S, Wagay TA, Askari H. Aggregation and adsorption behavior of cobalt‐based metallosurfactant in water–ethylene glycol media forming worm‐like micelles. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Smarling Suting
- Department of Chemistry North‐Eastern Hill University Shillong India
| | - Tariq Ahmad Wagay
- Department of Chemistry North‐Eastern Hill University Shillong India
| | - Hassan Askari
- Department of Chemistry North‐Eastern Hill University Shillong India
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5
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Bissessar D, Egly J, Achard T, Steffanut P, Mauro M, Bellemin-Laponnaz S. A stable and photoreactive copper iodide cubane suitable for direct post‐functionalization. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damien Bissessar
- IPCMS: Institut de physique et chimie des materiaux de Strasbourg DMO FRANCE
| | - Julien Egly
- IPCMS: Institut de physique et chimie des materiaux de Strasbourg DMO FRANCE
| | - Thierry Achard
- IPCMS: Institut de physique et chimie des materiaux de Strasbourg DMO FRANCE
| | | | - Matteo Mauro
- IPCMS: Institut de physique et chimie des materiaux de Strasbourg DMO FRANCE
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6
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Garg P, Kaur B, Kaur G, Chaudhary GR. Design and applications of metallo-vesicular structures using inorganic-organic hybrids. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 302:102621. [PMID: 35276534 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In advanced biomedical diagnosis, various supramolecular assemblies based on inorganic-organic hybrids have found great interest as functional materials. These assemblies describe a new field of metallovesicles where the introduction of metal ions enables the chemical manipulation of assemblies in terms of their structural stability, redox activity, and pH stability. Additionally, they mimic the elaborative architecture of natural liposomal assemblies and exhibit hierarchical morphologies, and promise novel functions. With the constant developments in this field, various supramolecular assemblies such as MCsomes, Polymersomes, and Metallosomes, etc. came into existence. These hybrid assemblies have been utilized for several applications such as drug delivery, MRI contrasting, DNA delivery, and catalytic activity. The key advantage of these assemblies is their ability to deliver therapeutics to specific locations due to their biomimetic properties and release their contents at the desired time. Hence, they provide a valuable platform for the treatment of a variety of diseases. Through the present article, we intend to provide insights into the latest developments made in this field. This modularity underscores the tremendous promise of supramolecular assemblies as an emerging interdisciplinary research branch at the interface of chemistry and biological sciences.
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7
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Taira T. Metallosurfactants Consisting of Amphiphilic Ligands and Transition Metals: Structure, Bonding, Reactivity, and Self-assembling Property. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:167-175. [PMID: 35034943 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallosurfactants are emerging as a relatively new class of surfactants whose ligand moieties bind to various transition metals. Because transition metal centers are incorporated into the surfactant frameworks, they can form various self-assembled structures with metallic interfaces such as micelles, vesicles, and lyotropic liquid crystals. To reduce the lability of transition metal complexes under aqueous conditions, various amphiphilic ligands have been developed as surfactant frameworks. This review discusses some aspects of the design and chemical structures of amphiphilic ligands, as well as focus on various functions and types of chemical bonds present in metallosurfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Taira
- Research Institute for Chemical Process Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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8
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Bonfiglio A, Mauro M. Phosphorescent
Tris
‐Bidentate Ir
III
Complexes with N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Scaffolds: Structural Diversity and Optical Properties. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bonfiglio
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR7504 Université de Strasbourg & CNRS 23 rue du Loess 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Matteo Mauro
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR7504 Université de Strasbourg & CNRS 23 rue du Loess 67000 Strasbourg France
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9
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Taira T, Yanagimoto T, Fouquet T, Sakai K, Sakai H, Imura T. Synthesis of an N-Heterocyclic Carbene-based Au(I) Coordinate Surfactant: Application for Alkyne Hydration Based on Au Nanoparticle Formation. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:871-882. [PMID: 32641614 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based metal coordinate surfactant (MCS), NHC-Au-MCS, in which the NHC framework afforded the bonding of the Au(I) at the linkage of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties, was synthesized. The structure of NHC-Au-MCS was confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic measurements together with elemental analysis. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), laser desorption/ionization (LDI), and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) indicated the distinct reactivity of NHC-Au-MCS, such as the exchange of Br to Cl and the formation of a cationic Au complex, where the two NHC ligands were coordinated to an Au(I) center upon laser activation. The surface tension and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements revealed that the coordination of Au(I) to NHC reduced the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of NHC-Au-MCS (1.3×10-5 M), which resulted in the formation of micelles at concentrations higher than the CMC in water. We also confirmed that the surface-active Au(I) complex of NHC-Au-MCS catalyzed the hydration of 1-dodecyne to 2-dodecanone in water in the absence of an organic solvent. On the basis of the detailed mechanistic investigations regarding the reactivity of NHC-Au-MCS, we revealed that NHC-Au-MCS partially translated into Au nanoparticles (AuNPs), which facilitated alkyne hydration. These mechanistic studies were supported by UV-vis measurements, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and LDI-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Taira
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | | | - Thierry Fouquet
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Kenichi Sakai
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Hideki Sakai
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Tomohiro Imura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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10
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Photophysical and Biological Properties of Iridium Tetrazolato Complexes Functionalised with Fatty Acid Chains. INORGANICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics8040023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Five cyclometalated Ir(III) tetrazolato complexes functionalised with fatty acid chains (octanoic, palmitic, stearic, palmitoleic, and oleic) have been synthesised. The fatty acids were chosen to evaluate the potential effect of the length and degree of unsaturation on the biological properties of the complexes for use as cellular imaging agents. The complexes were analysed in both organic and aqueous media to determine if the presence and nature of the fatty acid chains had a significant effect on their photophysical properties. The complexes display green–yellow emission in dichloromethane solutions with relatively long excited state decays, within the range 360–393 ns, and quantum yields between 5.4% and 6.7% (from degassed solutions). Temperature-dependent photophysical studies suggest that the emitting excited states of the complexes might be quenched by the thermal population of dark states. In water, the quantum yields drop within the range of 0.5%–2.4%, and the photophysical measurements are influenced by the variable degrees of aggregation. In general, the entire series displayed low cytotoxicity and relatively high photostability, which are favourable attributes in the design of cellular imaging agents. Images of live HeLa cells were obtained for all the complexes, but those functionalised with palmitic and stearic acids had limitations due the lower solubility conferred by the saturated aliphatic chains. The complexes were mainly detected within the endoplasmic reticulum.
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11
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Babak MV, Le Faouder P, Trivelli X, Venkatesan G, Bezzubov SI, Kajjout M, Gushchin AL, Hanif M, Poizat O, Vezin H, Rolando C. Heteroleptic Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Bathophenanthroline and Bathophenanthroline Disulfonate Disodium Salt as Fluorescent Dyes for In-Gel Protein Staining. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:4527-4535. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Babak
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP, Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l’Analyse et la Protèomique, F-59 000 Lille, France
| | - Pauline Le Faouder
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP, Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l’Analyse et la Protèomique, F-59 000 Lille, France
| | - Xavier Trivelli
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, FR 2638 – IMEC - Institut Michel-Eugène Chevreul, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Gopalakrishnan Venkatesan
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, 18 Science Drive 2, Singapore 119260
| | - Stanislav I. Bezzubov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Mohammed Kajjout
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP, Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l’Analyse et la Protèomique, F-59 000 Lille, France
| | - Artem L. Gushchin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogov Street, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Olivier Poizat
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRe - Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l’Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Hervé Vezin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRe - Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l’Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christian Rolando
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP, Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l’Analyse et la Protèomique, F-59 000 Lille, France
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12
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Alam P, Climent C, Alemany P, Laskar IR. “Aggregation-induced emission” of transition metal compounds: Design, mechanistic insights, and applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2019.100317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Highly efficient phosphorescence from cyclometallated iridium(III) compounds: Improved syntheses of picolinate complexes and quantum chemical studies of their electronic structures. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Darmawan N, Sambri L, Daniliuc CG, De Cola L. Blue-emitting bolaamphiphilic zwitterionic iridium(iii) complex. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:3664-3670. [PMID: 30768096 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04833a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation induced emission is a very interesting phenomenon that recently has attracted a lot of interest. Most of the examples deal with organic molecules or flat metal complexes. Here we demonstrate that, by design, even iridium compounds can display this process without shifting the emission energy. In order to enhance the aggregation properties we have focussed on amphiphilic complexes. We report the synthesis and photophysical characterisation of a blue-emitting bolaamphiphilic zwitterionic Ir(iii) complex and an analogous cationic amphiphilic compound, used as a reference. The bolaamphiphile exhibited blue (λmax = 450 nm) emission in dilute, deaerated solution with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 22%, similar to the related cationic amphiphilic complex. The bolaamphiphile displayed significant emission enhancement in the solid state, with an emission quantum yield that reach 52%. Interestingly, the emission of the cationic analogue suffers from aggregation quenching in the solid state, (PLQY = 3%) as is common for these type of complexes. A correlation between the photophysical data and the arrangement in the solid state is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noviyan Darmawan
- Institut de Science et Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg & CNRS., 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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15
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McGoorty M, Singh A, Deaton TA, Peterson B, Taliaferro CM, Yingling YG, Castellano FN. Bathophenanthroline Disulfonate Ligand-Induced Self-Assembly of Ir(III) Complexes in Water: An Intriguing Class of Photoluminescent Soft Materials. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:14027-14038. [PMID: 31458098 PMCID: PMC6645117 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Strong evidence of concentration-induced and dissolved electrolyte-induced chromophore aggregation has been universally observed in numerous water soluble bis-cyclometalated Ir(III) photosensitizers bearing the sulfonated diimine ligands bathophenanthroline disulfonate and bathocuproine disulfonate. This new class of aqueous-based soft materials was highly photoluminescent in their aggregated state where detailed spectroscopic investigations of this phenomenon revealed significant blue shifts of their respective photoluminescence emission spectra with concomitant increases in excited-state lifetimes and quantum yields initiating even at micromolar chromophore concentrations in water or upon the addition of a strong electrolyte. A combination of nanoscale particle characterization techniques, static and dynamic photoluminescence spectroscopic studies, along with atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of these soft materials suggests the formation of small, heterogeneous nanoaggregate structures, wherein the sulfonated diimine ancillary ligand serves as a pro-aggregating subunit in all instances. Importantly, the experimental and MD findings suggest the likelihood of discovering similar aqueous aggregation phenomena occurring in all transition-metal complexes bearing these water-solubilizing diimine ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle
M. McGoorty
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, North
Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, United States
| | - Thomas A. Deaton
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, North
Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, United States
| | - Benjamin Peterson
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, North
Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, United States
| | - Chelsea M. Taliaferro
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Yaroslava G. Yingling
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, North
Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, United States
| | - Felix N. Castellano
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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16
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Taira T, Yanagimoto T, Sakai K, Sakai H, Endo A, Imura T. Self-assembling Properties of an N-Heterocyclic Carbene-based Metallosurfactant: Pd-Coordination Induced Formation of Reactive Interfaces in Water. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:1107-1115. [PMID: 30175766 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based metallosurfactant (MS), NHC-PdMS, was synthesized, where Pd(II) was bound to the NHC framework via a robust Pd-carbene bond with NEt3 as a co-ligand. Surface tension measurements revealed that the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of NHC-PdMS (1.8×10-4 M) was one order of magnitude lower than that of its MS precursor (imidazolium bromide). Coordination of the MS precursor and NEt3 to Pd(II) also influenced micelle size; the hydrodynamic diameters of NHC-PdMS and the MS precursor were observed to be 25.8±5.6 nm and 2.5±0.3 nm, respectively. Furthermore, small angle X-ray scattering measurements indicated that NHC-PdMS exhibited liquid crystalline behavior above 26 wt%, with a spacing ratio of 1:2:3 for the first, second, and third Bragg peaks. To understand the role of the reactive interface, NHC-PdMS was also applied to aqueous catalytic reactions. Owing to its low CMC value, a catalytic amount of NHC-PdMS (3 mol%) provided the reactive interface, which facilitated the aqueous Mizoroki-Heck reaction of various aryl iodides and styrene in good yields (72-95%). These results suggest that MS formation results in a drastic change in selfassembling properties, which are important for the development of highly reactive chemical interfaces in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Taira
- Research Institute for Chemical Process Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | | | - Kenichi Sakai
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Hideki Sakai
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Akira Endo
- Research Institute for Chemical Process Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Tomohiro Imura
- Research Institute for Chemical Process Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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17
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Atoini Y, Prasetyanto EA, Chen P, Silvestrini S, Harrowfield J, De Cola L. Luminescence of Amphiphilic Pt II Complexes Controlled by Confinement. Chemistry 2018; 24:12054-12060. [PMID: 30035830 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The formation of hybrid silica-based systems to study the effect of the confinement on the emission properties of self-assembled platinum(II) complexes is reported. The complexes behave as surfactants since they possess a hydrophobic moiety and, on the ancillary ligand, a relatively long hydrophilic chain terminated with a positively charged group. The compounds, soluble in water, self-assemble, even at very low concentration, in supramolecular structures which display an orange luminescence. The properties of the assemblies have been studied in detail and in order to stabilize these supramolecular architectures and to enhance their emission properties hybrid silica porous nanoparticles have been prepared. In particular the PtII complexes have been employed as co-surfactant for the template formation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) using a sol gel synthesis. Interestingly, upon encapsulation in the silica pores, the platinum aggregates exhibit an emission profile similar in energy to the complexes assembled in solution, but the photoluminescence quantum yields of the hybrid systems are significantly higher (up to 45 %), and the excited state lifetimes much longer than those recorded in solution. Such enhancement of the photophysical properties together with the possibility to process the hybrid silica nanomaterials can pave the way to new type of emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Atoini
- Laboratoire de Chimie et des Biomatériaux Supramoléculaires, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS-UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eko Adi Prasetyanto
- Laboratoire de Chimie et des Biomatériaux Supramoléculaires, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS-UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France.,Faculty of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jl. Pluit Raya 2, 14440, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Pengkun Chen
- Laboratoire de Chimie et des Biomatériaux Supramoléculaires, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS-UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Simone Silvestrini
- Laboratoire de Chimie et des Biomatériaux Supramoléculaires, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS-UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jack Harrowfield
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS-UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Laboratoire de Chimie et des Biomatériaux Supramoléculaires, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS-UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France.,Hybrid Nanomaterials Unit, Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Mauro
- Université de Strasbourg; CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504; 23 rue du Loess 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Cristina Cebrián
- Université de Lorraine; CNRS, L2CM; 1 Boulevard François Arago - BP 95823 F-57000 Metz France
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19
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20
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Nevers DR, Williamson CB, Savitzky BH, Hadar I, Banin U, Kourkoutis LF, Hanrath T, Robinson RD. Mesophase Formation Stabilizes High-Purity Magic-Sized Clusters. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3652-3662. [PMID: 29376343 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Magic-sized clusters (MSCs) are renowned for their identical size and closed-shell stability that inhibit conventional nanoparticle (NP) growth processes. Though MSCs have been of increasing interest, understanding the reaction pathways toward their nucleation and stabilization is an outstanding issue. In this work, we demonstrate that high concentration synthesis (1000 mM) promotes a well-defined reaction pathway to form high-purity MSCs (>99.9%). The MSCs are resistant to typical growth and dissolution processes. On the basis of insights from in situ X-ray scattering analysis, we attribute this stability to the accompanying production of a large (>100 nm grain size), hexagonal organic-inorganic mesophase that arrests growth of the MSCs and prevents NP growth. At intermediate concentrations (500 mM), the MSC mesophase forms, but is unstable, resulting in NP growth at the expense of the assemblies. These results provide an alternate explanation for the high stability of MSCs. Whereas the conventional mantra has been that the stability of MSCs derives from the precise arrangement of the inorganic structures (i.e., closed-shell atomic packing), we demonstrate that anisotropic clusters can also be stabilized by self-forming fibrous mesophase assemblies. At lower concentration (<200 mM or >16 acid-to-metal), MSCs are further destabilized and NPs formation dominates that of MSCs. Overall, the high concentration approach intensifies and showcases inherent concentration-dependent surfactant phase behavior that is not accessible in conventional (i.e., dilute) conditions. This work provides not only a robust method to synthesize, stabilize, and study identical MSC products but also uncovers an underappreciated stabilizing interaction between surfactants and clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Nevers
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14850 , United States
| | - Curtis B Williamson
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14850 , United States
| | - Benjamin H Savitzky
- Department of Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14850 , United States
| | - Ido Hadar
- The Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem 91904 , Israel
| | - Uri Banin
- The Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem 91904 , Israel
| | - Lena F Kourkoutis
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14850 , United States.,Kavli Institute for Nanoscale Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14850 , United States
| | - Tobias Hanrath
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14850 , United States
| | - Richard D Robinson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14850 , United States
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21
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Audi H, Azar DF, Mahjoub F, Farhat S, El Masri Z, El-Sibai M, Abi-Habib RJ, Khnayzer RS. Cytotoxicity modulation of ruthenium(II) tris-bathophenanthroline complexes with systematically varied charge. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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22
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Marín-García M, Benseny-Cases N, Camacho M, Perrie Y, Suades J, Barnadas-Rodríguez R. Metallosomes for biomedical applications by mixing molybdenum carbonyl metallosurfactants and phospholipids. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14293-14303. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01584h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
New photo-CORM metallosomes with low cell toxicity were prepared from organometallic metallosurfactants and phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Marín-García
- Biophysics Unit/Center for Biophysical Studies
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Faculty of Medicine
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193 Cerdanyola
| | | | - M. Camacho
- Laboratory of Angiology
- Vascular Biology and Inflammation/Institute of Biomedical Research
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i de Sant Pau
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08025 Barcelona
| | - Y. Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow G4 0RE
- UK
| | - J. Suades
- Departament de Química
- Edifici C
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193 Cerdanyola
- Spain
| | - R. Barnadas-Rodríguez
- Biophysics Unit/Center for Biophysical Studies
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Faculty of Medicine
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193 Cerdanyola
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23
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Ravotto L, Ceroni P. Aggregation induced phosphorescence of metal complexes: From principles to applications. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Liu B, Lystrom L, Kilina S, Sun W. Tuning the Ground State and Excited State Properties of Monocationic Iridium(III) Complexes by Varying the Site of Benzannulation on Diimine Ligand. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:5361-5370. [PMID: 28398733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Extending π-conjugation of the diimine ligand (N^N ligand) via benzannulation is a common way to tune the absorption and emission energies of cationic iridium(III) complexes. However, it can cause either a red- or blue-shift of the absorption and emission bands depending on the site of benzannulation. To understand the mechanism of changes in optical transitions upon benzannulation on the diimine ligand, a series of new cationic iridium(III) complexes [Ir(dppi)2(N^N)]PF6 (1-6) (where dppi =1,2-diphenylpyreno[4,5-d]imidazole; N^N = 2-(pyridin-2-yl)quinoline (1), 2-(pyridin-2-yl)[7,8]benzoquinoline (2), 2,2'-bisquinoline (3), 2-(quinolin-2-yl)[7,8]benzoquinoline (4), 2-(pyridin-2-yl)[6,7]benzoquinoline (5), 2-(quinolin-2-yl)[6,7]benzoquinoline (6)) containing diimine ligand with varied degrees of π-conjugation via benzannulation at different sites of the 2-(pyridin-2-yl)quinoline ligand were synthesized. Experimental results and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that benzannulation at the 6,7-position of quinoline and/or the 5',6'-position of pyridine (3, 5, and 6) induced red-shifts in their absorption and emission bands with respect to the parent complex 1; while benzannulation at the 7,8-position of quinoline resulted in blue-shifts (2 vs 1 and 4 vs 3). This phenomenon was rationalized by the symmetry of the frontier molecular orbitals at the site of benzannulation, which stabilized or destabilized the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) upon interactions with 1,3-butadiene, while the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) remained nearly the same. This discovery would enable a rational design of organic or organometallic compounds that have predetermined absorption and emission energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
| | - Levi Lystrom
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
| | - Svetlana Kilina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
| | - Wenfang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
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25
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Atoini Y, Prasetyanto EA, Chen P, Jonckheere D, De Vos D, De Cola L. Tuning luminescent properties of a metal organic framework by insertion of metal complexes. Supramol Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2017.1290249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Atoini
- Institut de Science et Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS – UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eko Adi Prasetyanto
- Institut de Science et Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS – UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pengkun Chen
- Institut de Science et Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS – UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dries Jonckheere
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven – University of Leuven. Leuven Chem&Tech, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk De Vos
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven – University of Leuven. Leuven Chem&Tech, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Institut de Science et Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS – UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, Strasbourg, France
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26
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Nehru S, Veeralakshmi S, Arunachalam S. Synthesis, characterisation and self-assembly behaviour of emissive surfactant–ruthenium(ii) complexes. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02698f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Bipyridine/phenanthroline based dodecylamine/hexadecylamine containing surfactant–ruthenium(ii) complexes form green fluorescent vesicles with an excellent stability in the aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvan Nehru
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Madras (Guindy Campus)
- Chennai 600025
- India
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27
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Ma J, Zeng Y, Liu Y, Wu D. Thermostable polymeric nanomicelles of iridium(iii) complexes with aggregation-induced phosphorescence emission characteristics and their recyclable double-strand DNA monitoring. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:123-133. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02336c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Thermostable polymeric nanomicelles of iridium(iii) complexes with AIPE characteristics were synthesized, which can be recycled and used for DNA monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry
- School of Life Science and Technology
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Yun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry
- School of Life Science and Technology
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Yongchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry
- School of Life Science and Technology
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Daocheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry
- School of Life Science and Technology
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
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28
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Siewert B, Langerman M, Hontani Y, Kennis JTM, van Rixel VHS, Limburg B, Siegler MA, Talens Saez V, Kieltyka RE, Bonnet S. Turning on the red phosphorescence of a [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(Cl)]Cl complex by amide substitution: self-aggregation, toxicity, and cellular localization of an emissive ruthenium-based amphiphile. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:11126-11129. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02989f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Dodecylamide functionalization of [Ru(tpy)(bpy)Cl]Cl led to an emissive, self-assembling, and cytotoxic complex targeting membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Siewert
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- 233CC Leiden
- The Netherlands
- Institute of Pharmacy
| | - M. Langerman
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- 233CC Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Y. Hontani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Vrije Universiteit
- De Boelelaan 1081
- 1081HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - J. T. M. Kennis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Vrije Universiteit
- De Boelelaan 1081
- 1081HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - V. H. S. van Rixel
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- 233CC Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - B. Limburg
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- 233CC Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - M. A. Siegler
- Small Molecule X-ray Facility, Department of Chemistry Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - V. Talens Saez
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- 233CC Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - R. E. Kieltyka
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- 233CC Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - S. Bonnet
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- 233CC Leiden
- The Netherlands
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29
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Wagay T, Dey J, Kumar S, Aswal V, Ismail K. Aggregation, adsorption, counterion binding, thermal and scattering behavior of metallosurfactant cis-[Co(en)2(C12H25NH2)Cl](NO3)2. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Yi S, Kim JH, Cho YJ, Lee J, Choi TS, Cho DW, Pac C, Han WS, Son HJ, Kang SO. Stable Blue Phosphorescence Iridium(III) Cyclometalated Complexes Prompted by Intramolecular Hydrogen Bond in Ancillary Ligand. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:3324-31. [PMID: 26991672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Improvement of the stability of blue phosphorescent dopant material is one of the key factors for real application of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this study, we found that the intramolecular hydrogen bonding in an ancillary ligand from a heteroleptic Ir(III) complex can play an important role in the stability of blue phosphorescence. To rationalize the role of intramolecular hydrogen bonding, a series of Ir(III) complexes is designed and prepared: Ir(dfppy)2(pic-OH) (1a), Ir(dfppy)2(pic-OMe) (1b), Ir(ppy)2(pic-OH) (2a), and Ir(ppy)2(pic-OMe) (2b). The emission lifetime of Ir(dfppy)2(pic-OH) (1a) (τem = 3.19 μs) in dichloromethane solution was found to be significantly longer than that of Ir(dfppy)2(pic-OMe) (1b) (τem = 0.94 μs), because of a substantial difference in the nonradiative decay rate (knr = 0.28 × 10(5) s(-1) for (1a) vs 2.99 × 10(5) s(-1) for (1b)). These results were attributed to the intramolecular OH···O═C hydrogen bond of the 3-hydroxy-picolinato ligand. Finally, device lifetime was significantly improved when 1a was used as the dopant compared to FIrpic, a well-known blue dopant. Device III (1a as dopant) achieved an operational lifetime of 34.3 h for an initial luminance of 400 nits compared to that of device IV (FIrpic as dopant), a value of 20.1 h, indicating that the intramolecular hydrogen bond in ancillary ligand is playing an important role in device stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjun Yi
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University , Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hyoung Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University , Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - Yang-Jin Cho
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University , Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University , Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Tae-Sup Choi
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University , Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - Dae Won Cho
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University , Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - Chyongjin Pac
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University , Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - Won-Sik Han
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University , Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Son
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University , Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - Sang Ook Kang
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University , Sejong 30019, South Korea
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31
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Kemper B, Hristova YR, Tacke S, Stegemann L, van Bezouwen LS, Stuart MCA, Klingauf J, Strassert CA, Besenius P. Facile synthesis of a peptidic Au(I)-metalloamphiphile and its self-assembly into luminescent micelles in water. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:5253-6. [PMID: 25001106 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03868a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We report a short synthetic route for the preparation of a peptidic Au(I)-metalloamphiphile which, in buffered environments of physiological ionic strength, self-assembles into luminescent micellar nanostructures of 14 nm in diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Kemper
- Organic Chemistry Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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32
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Parera E, Marín-García M, Pons R, Comelles F, Suades J, Barnadas-Rodríguez R. Supramolecular Arrangement of Molybdenum Carbonyl Metallosurfactants with CO-Releasing Properties. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ramon Pons
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francesc Comelles
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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33
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Colombo A, Fiorini F, Septiadi D, Dragonetti C, Nisic F, Valore A, Roberto D, Mauro M, De Cola L. Neutral N^C^N terdentate luminescent Pt(II) complexes: their synthesis, photophysical properties, and bio-imaging applications. Dalton Trans 2016; 44:8478-87. [PMID: 25572839 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03165b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
An emerging field regarding N^C^N terdentate Pt(II) complexes is their application as luminescent labels for bio-imaging. In fact, phosphorescent Pt complexes possess many advantages such as a wide emission color tunability, a better stability towards photo- and chemical degradation, a very large Stokes shift, and long-lived luminescent excited states with lifetimes typically two to three orders of magnitude longer than those of classic organic fluorophores. Here, we describe the synthesis and photophysical characterization of three new neutral N^C^N terdentate cyclometallated Pt complexes as long-lived bio-imaging probes. The novel molecular probes bear hydrophilic (oligo-)ethyleneglycol chains of various lengths to increase their water solubility and bio-compatibility and to impart amphiphilic nature to the molecules. The complexes are characterized by a high cell permeability and a low cytotoxicity, with an internalization kinetics that depends on both the length of the ethyleneglycol chain and the ancillary ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Colombo
- Dipartimento di Chimica dell'Università degli Studi di Milano, UdR-INSTM, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
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34
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McGoorty MM, Khnayzer RS, Castellano FN. Enhanced photophysics from self-assembled cyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes in water. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:7846-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03932d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two water-soluble anionic cyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes, Ir(ppy)2BPS [1] and Ir(F-mppy)2BPS [2] have been synthesized and display clear evidence of self-assembly in water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rony S. Khnayzer
- Department of Natural Sciences
- Lebanese American University
- Beirut 1102-2801
- Lebanon
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35
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Wagay TA, Dey J, Kumar S, Aswal VK, Ismail K. Aggregation and surface behavior of aqueous solutions of cis-bis(1,3-diaminopropane)bis(dodecylamine)cobalt(iii) nitrate. A double-chained metallosurfactant. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04199j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallosurfactants or amphiphilic metal complexes are emerging as a new class of material with a range of properties inherent to both metal complexes and surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. A. Wagay
- Department of Chemistry
- North-Eastern Hill University
- Shillong-793022
- India
| | - J. Dey
- Department of Chemistry
- North-Eastern Hill University
- Shillong-793022
- India
| | - S. Kumar
- Solid State Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - V. K. Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - K. Ismail
- Department of Chemistry
- North-Eastern Hill University
- Shillong-793022
- India
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36
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Cao K, Wang X. End Group Functionalization of PFpP Macromolecules Via Fp Migration Insertion Reactions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2015; 37:246-50. [PMID: 26636260 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201500524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PFpP macromolecules, synthesized via migration insertion polymerization of CpFe(CO)2 (CH2)3 PPh2 (FpP), exhibit reactive Fp end groups for further migration insertion reactions in the presence of phosphines. A number of alkyl diphenylphosphines with varied alkyl length, Ph2PCn (n = 6, 10, 18), have been prepared for the reaction, resulting in PFpP-PPh2Cn (n = 6, 10, 18) amphiphiles. The phosphines with longer alkyl chains impose steric hindrance for the reaction and therefore require longer reaction times and excess phosphines relative to PFpP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xiaosong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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37
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Giannetto A, Puntoriero F, Notti A, Parisi MF, Ielo I, Nastasi F, Bruno G, Campagna S, Lanza S. Self‐Assembly of Hexameric Macrocycles from Pt
II
/Ferrocene Dimetallic Subunits – Synthesis, Characterization, Chemical Reactivity, and Oxidation Behavior. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Giannetto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy, http://ww2.unime.it/photochemistry
| | - Fausto Puntoriero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy, http://ww2.unime.it/photochemistry
- Centro Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'Energia Solare (SOLAR‐CHEM), Sezione di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Anna Notti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy, http://ww2.unime.it/photochemistry
| | - Melchiorre F. Parisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy, http://ww2.unime.it/photochemistry
| | - Ileana Ielo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy, http://ww2.unime.it/photochemistry
| | - Francesco Nastasi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy, http://ww2.unime.it/photochemistry
- Centro Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'Energia Solare (SOLAR‐CHEM), Sezione di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy, http://ww2.unime.it/photochemistry
| | - Sebastiano Campagna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy, http://ww2.unime.it/photochemistry
- Centro Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'Energia Solare (SOLAR‐CHEM), Sezione di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
- ISOF‐CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Santo Lanza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy, http://ww2.unime.it/photochemistry
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38
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Cebrián C, Natali M, Villa D, Panigati M, Mauro M, D'Alfonso G, De Cola L. Luminescent supramolecular soft nanostructures from amphiphilic dinuclear Re(I) complexes. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:12000-12009. [PMID: 26108470 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01668a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent metallo-surfactants based on highly emissive dinuclear Re(I) complexes have been synthesized combining the peculiar photophysical behaviour of this class of neutral hydrophobic complexes with new properties imparted by hydrophilic chains anchored on the coordinated chromophoric ligand. In solution, the resulting neutral amphiphiles tend to self-assembly in soft structures. The aggregation properties have been thoroughly investigated in dioxane-water mixtures, where all the complexes assembly in globular-like supramolecular architectures with well-defined size (hydrodynamic diameter = 200-400 nm). The morphology of these nano-objects has been completely characterized with Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis, Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) and cryo-TEM to determine the size, polydispersity, and stability of the nanoparticles in relationship with the structure of the metallo-surfactants. The photophysical properties of both the isolated metal complexes and their aggregates have been investigated by means of UV-Vis absorption, steady-state and time-resolved emission spectroscopy. Noteworthy, the self-assembly properties of the reported luminescent rhenium metallo-amphiphiles can be modulated by solvent polarity. Even more importantly, such aggregation process yielded a small hypsochromic shift of the emission energy accompanied by a sizeable elongation of the excited-state lifetime and an enhancement of the photoluminescence quantum yield, reaching a remarkably high value of 0.20 despite the air-equilibrated aqueous condition. The presented findings endorse novel possibilities for the efficient use of soft-nanostructures based on metallo-amphiphiles in dual (electron and optical microscopy) bio-imaging applications and theranostics where the non-covalent nature of the intermolecular interactions would offer the powerful and unique possibility to reversibly assemble and disassemble imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cebrián
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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39
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Sun W, Sun S, Jiang N, Wang H, Peng X. Tuning the Electrochemiluminescence Color by Potential: Design of a Series of Heterodinuclear Ir/Ru Labels. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling gong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiguo Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling gong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Jiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling gong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling gong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Ling gong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
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40
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Sathish V, Ramdass A, Thanasekaran P, Lu KL, Rajagopal S. Aggregation-induced phosphorescence enhancement (AIPE) based on transition metal complexes—An overview. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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41
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Maggioni D, Galli M, D'Alfonso L, Inverso D, Dozzi MV, Sironi L, Iannacone M, Collini M, Ferruti P, Ranucci E, D'Alfonso G. A luminescent poly(amidoamine)-iridium complex as a new singlet-oxygen sensitizer for photodynamic therapy. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:544-53. [PMID: 25554822 DOI: 10.1021/ic502378z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A polymer complex (1P) was synthesized by binding bis(cyclometalated) Ir(ppy)2(+) fragments (ppy = 2-phenylpyridyl) to phenanthroline (phen) pendants of a poly(amidoamine) copolymer (PhenISA, in which the phen pendants involved ∼6% of the repeating units). The corresponding molecular complex [Ir(ppy)2(bap)](+) (1M, bap = 4-(butyl-4-amino)-1,10-phenanthroline) was also prepared for comparison. In water solution 1P gives nanoaggregates with a hydrodynamic diameter of 30 nm in which the lipophilic metal centers are presumed to be segregated within polymer tasks to reduce their interaction with water. Such confinement, combined with the dilution of triplet emitters along the polymer chains, led to 1P having a photoluminescence quantum yield greater than that of 1M (0.061 vs 0.034, respectively, in an aerated water solution) with a longer lifetime of the (3)MLCT excited states and a blue-shifted emission (595 nm vs 604 nm, respectively). NMR data supported segregation of the metal centers. Photoreaction of O2 with 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene showed that 1P is able to sensitize (1)O2 generation but with half the quantum yield of 1M. Cellular uptake experiments showed that both 1M and 1P are efficient cell staining agents endowed with two-photon excitation (TPE) imaging capability. TPE microscopy at 840 nm indicated that both complexes penetrate the cellular membrane of HeLa cells, localizing in the perinuclear region. Cellular photodynamic therapy tests showed that both 1M and 1P are able to induce cell apoptosis upon exposure to Xe lamp irradiation. The fraction of apoptotic cells for 1M was higher than that for 1P (74 and 38%, respectively) 6 h after being irradiated for 5 min, but cells incubated with 1P showed much lower levels of necrosis as well as lower toxicity in the absence of irradiation. More generally, the results indicate that cell damage induced by 1M was avoided by binding the iridium sensitizers to the poly(amidoamine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Maggioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
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42
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Escudero D, Jacquemin D. Computational insights into the photodeactivation dynamics of phosphors for OLEDs: a perspective. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:8346-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03804e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this perspective we highlight recent computational efforts to unravel competing photodeactivation mechanisms of radiative and non-radiative nature of phosphors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Escudero
- Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité
- Synthèse
- Analyse
- Modélisation (CEISAM)
- 44322 Nantes
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité
- Synthèse
- Analyse
- Modélisation (CEISAM)
- 44322 Nantes
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43
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Talarico AM, Szerb EI, Ghedini M, Rossi CO. The potential of the F127-water soft system towards selective solubilisation of iridium(III) octahedral complexes. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:6783-6790. [PMID: 25074753 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01077a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to obtain new functional soft systems for use as templating agents for the construction of functional mesostructured materials, the dynamic ordered soft systems formed by a hydrophilic ionic iridium(III) complex (IrPa) embedded into two different concentration F127-water mixtures have been investigated. To this aim, combined spectral and time-resolved photophysical techniques and rheological methods have been employed. The position of the chromophore inside the micellar, cubic and hexagonal phases of the F127 polymeric neutral surfactant in water was effectively determined. The hydrophilic character of the iridium(III) complex chosen allowed preferential functionalization of the F127 corona in the micellar and cubic phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Talarico
- LASCAMM CR-INSTM Unità della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche - CTC, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 14C, Arcavacata (CS), 87036, Italy.
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44
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Kaur R, Mehta S. Self aggregating metal surfactant complexes: Precursors for nanostructures. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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45
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Septiadi D, Aliprandi A, Mauro M, De Cola L. Bio-imaging with neutral luminescent Pt(ii) complexes showing metal⋯metal interactions. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02351j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-assembled platinum compounds resulting in stable, highly emissive and long-lived species are reported for cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dedy Septiadi
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Matteo Mauro
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS)
- 67083 Strasbourg, France
| | - Luisa De Cola
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg, France
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46
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Mauro M, Aliprandi A, Septiadi D, Kehr NS, De Cola L. When self-assembly meets biology: luminescent platinum complexes for imaging applications. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:4144-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60453e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled luminescent structures based on platinum complexes. A new tool for bioimaging?
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Mauro
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS)
- 67083 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Dedy Septiadi
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nermin Seda Kehr
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Luisa De Cola
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg, France
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47
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Li Y, Dandu N, Liu R, Hu L, Kilina S, Sun W. Nonlinear absorbing cationic iridium(III) complexes bearing benzothiazolylfluorene motif on the bipyridine (N∧N) ligand: synthesis, photophysics and reverse saturable absorption. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:6556-6570. [PMID: 23763472 DOI: 10.1021/am401133p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Four new heteroleptic cationic Ir(III) complexes bearing benzothiazolylfluorene motif on the bipyridine (N∧N) (1 and 2) and phenylpyridine (C∧N) (3 and 4) ligands are synthesized and characterized. The influence of the position of the substituent and the extent of π-conjugation on the photophysics of these complexes is systematically investigated by spectroscopic methods and simulated by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The complexes exhibit ligand-centered (1)π,π* transitions with admixtures of (1)ILCT (π(benzothiazolylfluorene) → π*(bpy)) and (1)MLCT (metal-to-ligand charge transfer) characters below 475 nm, and very weak (1,3)MLCT and (1,3)LLCT (ligand-to-ligand charge transfer) transitions above 475 nm. The emission of these complexes at room temperature in CH2Cl2 solutions is ascribed to be predominantly from the (3)MLCT/(3)LLCT states for 1 and from the (3)π,π* state for 2, while the emitting state of 3 and 4 are assigned to be an admixture of (3)MLCT, (3)LLCT, and (3)π,π* characters. The variations of the photophysical properties of 1-4 are attributed to different degrees of π-conjugation in the bipyridine and phenylpyridine ligands induced by different positions of the benzothiazolylfluorenyl substituents on the bipyridine ligand and different extents of π-conjugation in the phenylpyridine ligands, which alters the energy and lifetime of the lowest singlet and triplet excited states. 1-4 all possess broadband transient absorption (TA) upon nanosecond laser excitation, which extends from the visible to the NIR region. Therefore, 1-4 all exhibit strong reverse saturable absorption (RSA) at 532 nm for ns laser pulses. However, the TA of complexes 1, 2, and 3 are much stronger than that of 4. This feature, combined with the difference in ground-state absorption and triplet excited-state quantum yield, result in the difference in RSA strength, which follows this trend: 1 ≈ 2 ≈ 3 > 4. Therefore, complexes 1-3 are strong reverse saturable absorbers at 532 nm and could potentially be used as broadband nonlinear absorbing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
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48
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Jin J, Shin HW, Park JH, Park JH, Kim E, Ahn TK, Ryu DH, Son SU. Iridium Complexes Containing Bis(imidazoline thione) and Bis(imidazoline selone) Ligands for Visible-Light-Induced Oxidative Coupling of Benzylamines to Imines. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om4004412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Jin
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746,
Korea
| | - Hee-Won Shin
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746,
Korea
| | - Joon Hyun Park
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746,
Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Park
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746,
Korea
| | - Eunchul Kim
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746,
Korea
| | - Tae Kyu Ahn
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746,
Korea
| | - Do Hyun Ryu
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746,
Korea
| | - Seung Uk Son
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746,
Korea
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49
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Chan DSH, Fu WC, Wang M, Liu LJ, Leung CH, Ma DL. A highly selective and non-reaction based chemosensor for the detection of Hg2+ ions using a luminescent iridium(III) complex. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60114. [PMID: 23533670 PMCID: PMC3606269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein a novel luminescent iridium(III) complex with two hydrophobic carbon chains as a non-reaction based chemosensor for the detection of Hg(2+) ions in aqueous solution (<0.002% of organic solvent attributed to the probe solution). Upon the addition of Hg(2+) ions, the emission intensity of the complex was significantly enhanced and this change could be monitored by the naked eye under UV irradiation. The iridium(III) complex shows high specificity for Hg(2+) ions over eighteen other cations. The system is capable of detecting micromolar levels of Hg(2+) ions, which is within the range of many chemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Shiu-Hin Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai-Chung Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Modi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li-Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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50
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Verani CN, Shanmugam R, Xavier FR, Allard MM, Kpogo KK. Electronic and interfacial behavior of gemini metallosurfactants with copper(ii)/pseudohalide cascade cores. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:15296-306. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50788b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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