A comprehensive study on the enhanced photocatlytic activity of a double-shell mesoporous plasmonic Cu@Cu2O/SiO2 as a visible-light driven nanophotocatalyst

A novel sunlight-activated double-shell Cu^@Cu₂O/SiO₂ (m-pCu^@Cu₂O/SiO₂) photocatalyst is presented via a combined precipitation and sol-gel methods with a mesoporous silica outer shell. After applying several characterization techniques on the m-pCu^@Cu₂O/SiO₂, it was tested in the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP). The experimental results demonstrated a higher photocatalytic activity of the double-shell m-pCu^@Cu₂O/SiO₂ nanophotocatalyst than the core-shell pCu^@Cu₂O nanophotocatalyst under the sunlight irradiation. When the content of pCu^@Cu₂O was 30 wt.%, it showed the highest activity. The Cu nanoparticles exhibited the surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) effect which increased the light absorption in the visible region of light. It also caused the rapid separation of the photoexcited e^-/h⁺ pairs. Furthermore, the mesoporous structure of outer shell silica favors the transfer of reactants, resulting in the improved photoactivity performance for the supported pCu^@Cu₂O catalyst. Central composite design (CCD) based on RSM (response surface methodology) approach was used to optimize four of the most important experimental variables. The photodegraded intermediates were identified by HPLC-Mass.

Preparation of SiO2@TiO2:Eu3+@TiO2 core double-shell microspheres for photodegradation of polyacrylamide

Recently, polyacrylamide (PAM) has been widely used in polymer flooding technology to enhance oil recovery and oil production. However, the difficulty in removing hydrolysed PAM (HPAM) from wastewater still seriously blocks the further application of polymer flooding in the oilfields. Herein, we demonstrate the preparation of SiO₂@TiO₂:Eu³⁺@TiO₂ core double-shell microspheres (STT) through a two-step solvothermal and sol–gel coating strategy. The as-prepared STT exhibits an ideal photocatalytic activity for the photodegradation of HPAM. More importantly, by using STT as the model, the correlation between fluorescence intensity and photocatalytic activity of the photocatalysts is investigated. The results suggest their oppositional relationship. Since many kinds of photocatalysts are utilized in the degradation of organic pollutants, it is believed that our work will not only promote the development of photocatalysis in the field of oil extraction, but also offer a convenient method for evaluating the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalysts.

SiO₂@TiO₂:Eu³⁺@TiO₂ core double-shell microspheres with an ideal photocatalytic activity are designed and prepared for photodegradation of HPAM.

TiO2-PANI/Cork composite: A new floating photocatalyst for the treatment of organic pollutants under sunlight irradiation

A novel photocatalyst based on TiO₂-PANI composite supported on small pieces of cork has been reported. It was prepared by simple impregnation method of the polyaniline (PANI)-modified TiO₂ on cork. The TiO₂-PANI/Cork catalyst shows the unique feature of floating on the water surface. The as-synthesized catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron micrograph (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-vis DRS) and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. Characterization suggested the formation of anatase highly dispersed on the cork surface. The prepared floating photocatalyst showed high efficiency for the degradation of methyl orange dye and other organic pollutants under solar irradiation and constrained conditions, i.e., no-stirring and no-oxygenation. The TiO₂-PANI/Cork floating photocatalyst can be reused for at least four consecutive times without significant decrease of the degradation efficiency.

Fabrication and photoactivity of short rod-shaped mesoporous SiO2@TiO2 composites with TiO2 shell

Short rod-shaped mesoporous SiO₂@TiO₂ composites containing TiO₂ shell were prepared using short rod-shaped mesoporous SiO₂–PGMA–PEGMA as template and TBT as titanium source.

Rod-like β-FeOOH@poly(dopamine)–Au–poly(dopamine) nanocatalysts with improved recyclable activities

A novel rod-like β-FeOOH@poly(dopamine)–Au–poly(dopamine) core–shell nanocomposite with significantly improved recyclability is developed for catalysis.

Coaxial-electrospun magnetic core-shell Fe@TiSi nanofibers for the rapid purification of typical dye wastewater

Magnetic mesoporous γ-Fe2O3@Ti0.9Si0.1O2 (abbreviated as Fe@TiSi) core-shell nanofibers were prepared using sol-gel chemistry combined with coaxial-electrospinning technology by adjusting the inner and outer feed ratios. The properties of these novel core-shell nanofibers were characterized by SEM, HRTEM, XRD, FTIR, BET, XPS, and UV-vis spectra. To evaluate the chemical properties of the nanofibers for cleaning typical organic wastewater, methylene blue (MB) was used as a target organic pollutant and was cleaned under irradiation with sunlight and visible light. The Fe@TiSi hierarchical nanofibers composed of a 1:10 feed ratio displayed a mesoporous structure and showed the highest photocatalytic activity for the degradation of MB in water. Furthermore, 86.8% and 71.1% of the MB, which was added at an original concentration of 1 mg/L, was removed after 60 min of irradiation with sunlight and visible light in the presence of Fe@TiSi at a concentration of 0.2 g/L, and 100% of the MB was removed after 75 min. It is very important that the magnetic nanofibers could be recycled rapidly with an outside magnet, and the actual water treatment process was easy to achieve. Moreover, the mechanism of MB degradation by Fe@TiSi core-shell nanofibers was proposed.