1
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Horniichuk OY, Vendier L, Salmon L, Bousseksou A. Gradual spin crossover behavior encompasing room temperature in an iron(II) complex based on a heteroscorpionate ligand. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 39363738 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt02244k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we report the synthesis of six novel triazole-based heteroscorpionate ligands based on heterocycle metathesis reactions and their iron(II) complexes. Single crystal structure analyses were performed, the spectroscopic and magnetic properties of the obtained complexes were studied and their spin crossover-structural relationships were compared to those obtained for their pyrazole-based analogues reported in the literature. In particular, the amino derivative complex bis[hydrobis(pyrazol-1-yl)(3-amino-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)]iron(II) obtained by post-synthetic catalytic nitro-group reduction under pressure of hydrogen in an autoclave presents a scarce gradual spin crossover behavior at room temperature. The profile of the SCO curve can be explained by the presence of only relatively weak H bonds, spreading only in one dimension. Among the interesting spin transition behaviors observed for the different complexes, such stable, complete and gradual spin crossover at room temperature makes this neutral complex a good candidate for sublimation and future investigation as an active element notably for thermoreflectance-based surface microthermometry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Ye Horniichuk
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Laure Vendier
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Lionel Salmon
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Azzedine Bousseksou
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
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2
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Gavara-Edo M, Valverde-Muñoz FJ, Muñoz MC, Elidrissi Moubtassim S, Marques-Moros F, Herrero-Martín J, Znovjyak K, Seredyuk M, Real JA, Coronado E. Design and Processing as Ultrathin Films of a Sublimable Iron(II) Spin Crossover Material Exhibiting Efficient and Fast Light-Induced Spin Transition. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:9591-9602. [PMID: 38047182 PMCID: PMC10687866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c01704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Materials based on spin crossover (SCO) molecules have centered the attention in molecular magnetism for more than 40 years as they provide unique examples of multifunctional and stimuli-responsive materials, which can be then integrated into electronic devices to exploit their molecular bistability. This process often requires the preparation of thermally stable SCO molecules that can sublime and remain intact in contact with surfaces. However, the number of robust sublimable SCO molecules is still very scarce. Here, we report a novel example of this kind. It is based on a neutral iron(II) coordination complex formulated as [Fe(neoim)2], where neoimH is the ionogenic ligand 2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-9-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline. In the first part, a comprehensive study, which covers the synthesis and magnetostructural characterization of the [Fe(neoim)2] complex as a bulk microcrystalline material, is reported. Then, in the second part, we investigate the suitability of this material to form thin films through high-vacuum sublimation. Finally, the retainment of all present SCO capabilities in the bulk when the material is processed is thoroughly studied by means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy. In particular, a very efficient and fast light-induced spin transition (LIESST effect) has been observed, even for ultrathin films of 15 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Gavara-Edo
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | | | - M. Carmen Muñoz
- Departamento
de Fisica Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica
de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Safaa Elidrissi Moubtassim
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Francisco Marques-Moros
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | | | - Kateryna Znovjyak
- Department
of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64/13,
Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Maksym Seredyuk
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, Paterna 46980, Spain
- Department
of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64/13,
Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - José Antonio Real
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, Paterna 46980, Spain
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3
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Martínez Serra A, Dhingra A, Asensio MC, Real JA, Francisco Sánchez Royo J. Is the surface of Hofmann-like spin-crossover {Fe(pz)[Pt(CN) 4]} the same as its bulk? Dalton Trans 2023; 52:10305-10309. [PMID: 37469273 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01955a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Temperature dependent X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) has been employed to examine the spin-crossover (SCO) transition in the nanocrystals of 3D Hoffman-like {Fe(pz)[Pt(CN)4]}. Consistent with the existing literature, the temperature-dependent variations in the Fe 2p core-level spectrum provide unambiguous evidence of the spin-state transition in this SCO complex. One of the many possible reasons behind a lack of discernible temperature-driven shifts in the binding energies of both the N 1s core-level components could be the immunity of its HS electronic configuration to thermal fluctuations. The high-spin fraction versus temperature plot, extrapolated from the XPS measurements, reveals that the surface of the nanocrystals of {Fe(pz)[Pt(CN)4]} is in the high-spin state at room temperature, rendering it promising for room-temperature spintronics and quantum information science applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Martínez Serra
- Institut de Ciència dels Materials de la Universitat de València (ICMUV), University of Valencia, Carrer del Catedrátic José Beltrán Martinez, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Archit Dhingra
- Institut de Ciència dels Materials de la Universitat de València (ICMUV), University of Valencia, Carrer del Catedrátic José Beltrán Martinez, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - María Carmen Asensio
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid (ICMM/CSIC), Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- MATINÉE, the CSIC Associated Unit between the Materials Science Institute (ICMUV) and the ICMM, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Real
- Institut de Ciència Molecular (ICMol), University of Valencia, Carrer del Catedrátic José Beltrán Martinez, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Sánchez Royo
- Institut de Ciència dels Materials de la Universitat de València (ICMUV), University of Valencia, Carrer del Catedrátic José Beltrán Martinez, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
- MATINÉE, the CSIC Associated Unit between the Materials Science Institute (ICMUV) and the ICMM, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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4
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Grunwald J, Torres J, Buchholz A, Näther C, Kämmerer L, Gruber M, Rohlf S, Thakur S, Wende H, Plass W, Kuch W, Tuczek F. Defying the inverse energy gap law: a vacuum-evaporable Fe(ii) low-spin complex with a long-lived LIESST state. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7361-7380. [PMID: 37416721 PMCID: PMC10321519 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00561e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel vacuum-evaporable complex [Fe(pypypyr)2] (pypypyr = bipyridyl pyrrolide) was synthesised and analysed as bulk material and as a thin film. In both cases, the compound is in its low-spin state up to temperatures of at least 510 K. Thus, it is conventionally considered a pure low-spin compound. According to the inverse energy gap law, the half time of the light-induced excited high-spin state of such compounds at temperatures approaching 0 K is expected to be in the regime of micro- or nanoseconds. In contrast to these expectations, the light-induced high-spin state of the title compound has a half time of several hours. We attribute this behaviour to a large structural difference between the two spin states along with four distinct distortion coordinates associated with the spin transition. This leads to a breakdown of single-mode behaviour and thus drastically decreases the relaxation rate of the metastable high-spin state. These unprecedented properties open up new strategies for the development of compounds showing light-induced excited spin state trapping (LIESST) at high temperatures, potentially around room temperature, which is relevant for applications in molecular spintronics, sensors, displays and the like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Grunwald
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 24098 Kiel Germany +49 431 880 1520 +49 431 880 1410
| | - Jorge Torres
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany +49 30 838 452098 +49 30 838 52098
| | - Axel Buchholz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 24098 Kiel Germany +49 431 880 1520 +49 431 880 1410
| | - Lea Kämmerer
- Fakultät für Physik and CENIDE, Universität Duisburg-Essen 47048 Duisburg Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Fakultät für Physik and CENIDE, Universität Duisburg-Essen 47048 Duisburg Germany
| | - Sebastian Rohlf
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Sangeeta Thakur
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany +49 30 838 452098 +49 30 838 52098
| | - Heiko Wende
- Fakultät für Physik and CENIDE, Universität Duisburg-Essen 47048 Duisburg Germany
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kuch
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany +49 30 838 452098 +49 30 838 52098
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 24098 Kiel Germany +49 431 880 1520 +49 431 880 1410
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5
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Yazdani S, Phillips J, Ekanayaka TK, Cheng R, Dowben PA. The Influence of the Substrate on the Functionality of Spin Crossover Molecular Materials. Molecules 2023; 28:3735. [PMID: 37175145 PMCID: PMC10180229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Spin crossover complexes are a route toward designing molecular devices with a facile readout due to the change in conductance that accompanies the change in spin state. Because substrate effects are important for any molecular device, there are increased efforts to characterize the influence of the substrate on the spin state transition. Several classes of spin crossover molecules deposited on different types of surface, including metallic and non-metallic substrates, are comprehensively reviewed here. While some non-metallic substrates like graphite seem to be promising from experimental measurements, theoretical and experimental studies indicate that 2D semiconductor surfaces will have minimum interaction with spin crossover molecules. Most metallic substrates, such as Au and Cu, tend to suppress changes in spin state and affect the spin state switching process due to the interaction at the molecule-substrate interface that lock spin crossover molecules in a particular spin state or mixed spin state. Of course, the influence of the substrate on a spin crossover thin film depends on the molecular film thickness and perhaps the method used to deposit the molecular film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Yazdani
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (S.Y.); (J.P.)
| | - Jared Phillips
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (S.Y.); (J.P.)
| | - Thilini K. Ekanayaka
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Jorgensen Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0299, USA;
| | - Ruihua Cheng
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (S.Y.); (J.P.)
| | - Peter A. Dowben
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Jorgensen Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0299, USA;
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6
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Johannsen S, Ossinger S, Grunwald J, Herman A, Wende H, Tuczek F, Gruber M, Berndt R. Spin Crossover in a Cobalt Complex on Ag(111). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115892. [PMID: 35032345 PMCID: PMC9303790 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The Co-based complex [Co(H2 B(pz)(pypz))2 ] (py=pyridine, pz=pyrazole) deposited on Ag(111) was investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy at ≈5 K. Due to a bis(tridentate) coordination sphere the molecules aggregate mainly into tetramers. Individual complexes in these tetramers undergo reversible transitions between two states with characteristic image contrasts when current is passed through them or one of their neighbors. Two molecules exhibit this bistability while the other two molecules are stable. The transition rates vary linearly with the tunneling current and exhibit an intriguing dependence on the bias voltage and its polarity. We interpret the states as being due to S=1 /2 and 3 /2 spin states of the Co2+ complex. The image contrast and the orders-of-magnitude variations of the switching yields can be tentatively understood from the calculated orbital structures of the two spin states, thus providing first insights into the mechanism of electron-induced excited spin-state trapping (ELIESST).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Johannsen
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte PhysikChristian-Albrechts-Universität24098KielGermany
| | - Sascha Ossinger
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieChristian-Albrechts-Universität24098KielGermany
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselSt. Johanns-Ring 194056BaselSwitzerland
| | - Jan Grunwald
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieChristian-Albrechts-Universität24098KielGermany
| | - Alexander Herman
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDEUniversity of Duisburg-Essen47057DuisburgGermany
| | - Heiko Wende
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDEUniversity of Duisburg-Essen47057DuisburgGermany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieChristian-Albrechts-Universität24098KielGermany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte PhysikChristian-Albrechts-Universität24098KielGermany
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDEUniversity of Duisburg-Essen47057DuisburgGermany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte PhysikChristian-Albrechts-Universität24098KielGermany
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7
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Johannsen S, Ossinger S, Grunwald J, Herman A, Wende H, Tuczek F, Gruber M, Berndt R. Spin Crossover in a Cobalt Complex on Ag(111). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Johannsen
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Sascha Ossinger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
- Department of Chemistry University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Jan Grunwald
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Alexander Herman
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE University of Duisburg-Essen 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - Heiko Wende
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE University of Duisburg-Essen 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE University of Duisburg-Essen 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
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8
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Ekanayaka TK, Kurz H, McElveen KA, Hao G, Mishra E, N'Diaye AT, Lai RY, Weber B, Dowben PA. Evidence for surface effects on the intermolecular interactions in Fe(II) spin crossover coordination polymers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:883-894. [PMID: 34908055 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04243b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
From X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), it is evident that the spin state transition behavior of Fe(II) spin crossover coordination polymer crystallites at the surface differs from the bulk. A comparison of four different coordination polymers reveals that the observed surface properties may differ from bulk for a variety of reasons. There are Fe(II) spin crossover coordination polymers with either almost complete switching of the spin state at the surface or no switching at all. Oxidation, differences in surface packing, and changes in coordination could all contribute to making the surface very different from the bulk. Some Fe(II) spin crossover coordination polymers may be sufficiently photoactive so that X-ray spectroscopies cannot discern the spin state transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilini K Ekanayaka
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Jorgensen Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0299, USA.
| | - Hannah Kurz
- Inorganic Chemistry IV, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, NW I, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Kayleigh A McElveen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Hamilton Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Guanhua Hao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Jorgensen Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0299, USA. .,Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Esha Mishra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Jorgensen Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0299, USA.
| | - Alpha T N'Diaye
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Rebecca Y Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Hamilton Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.,Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Voetle-Keegan Nano Center, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Birgit Weber
- Inorganic Chemistry IV, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, NW I, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Peter A Dowben
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Jorgensen Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0299, USA.
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9
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Horniichuk OY, Ridier K, Molnár G, Kotsyubynsky VO, Shova S, Amirkhanov VM, Gural'skiy IA, Salmon L, Bousseksou A. Solvatomorphism, polymorphism and spin crossover in bis[hydrotris(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)borate]iron( ii). NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01471h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe a detailed characterization of the spin crossover bis[hydrotris(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)borate]iron(ii) complex ([Fe(HB(1,2,3-tz)3)2]) and solvatomorphs obtained by recrystallisation or single crystal to single crystal transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Ye. Horniichuk
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Department of Chemistry, 64 Volodymyrska St., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Karl Ridier
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Gábor Molnár
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Volodymyr O. Kotsyubynsky
- Department of Material Science and New Technology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine
| | - Sergiu Shova
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Vladimir M. Amirkhanov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Department of Chemistry, 64 Volodymyrska St., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Il’ya A. Gural'skiy
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Department of Chemistry, 64 Volodymyrska St., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Lionel Salmon
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Azzedine Bousseksou
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
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10
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Craze AR, Marjo CE, Li F. A complementary characterisation technique for spin crossover materials; the application of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for future device applications. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:428-441. [PMID: 34846406 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03446d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Spin crossover (SCO) materials have long been studied for their inherent electronic switchability, which has been well investigated for potential application in electronic and switching devices. As the technologies for the fabrication of thin films and monolayers continue to develop at an exceedingly rapid pace, an emerging challenge for the SCO community has become the characterisation of spin transitions in the surface layers of a material, as well as understanding the origins of discrepancies observed between SCO in thin films and that of the bulk material. For the manufacture of such devices to become a reality, it is crucial to understand how spin crossover is affected by interactions with the substrate material and within thin films. As such, detailed analysis of the surface layers without interference from the substrate material emerged as a critical area of characterisation for future developments in SCO devices. In this regard, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) has emerged as a complementary technique for the analysis of SCO in the surface layers of a material, becoming an essential part of a multi-technique protocol that is driving advances in the field. Here we describe the complementary application of XPS to a variety of SCO materials, review major developments and provide illustrative examples of innovations made through surface analysis with XPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Craze
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Christopher E Marjo
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Feng Li
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
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11
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Le D, Jiang T, Gakiya-Teruya M, Shatruk M, Rahman TS. On stabilizing spin crossover molecule [Fe(tBu 2qsal) 2] on suitable supports: insights from ab initiostudies. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:385201. [PMID: 34342269 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac0beb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Au(111) is one of the substrates often used for supporting spin crossover (SCO) molecules, partly because of its inertness and partly because it is conducting. Using density functional theory based calculations of [Fe(tBu2qsal)2] SCO molecules adsorbed on the Au(111) surface, we show that while Au(111) may not be a suitable support for the molecule, it may be so for a monolayer (ML) of molecules. While, physisorption of [Fe(tBu2qsal)2] on Au(111) leads to electron transfer from the highest occupied molecular orbital to the substrate, electron transfer is minimal for a ML of [Fe(tBu2qsal)2] on Au(111), causing only negligible changes in the electronic structure and magnetic moment of the molecules. Furthermore, a small difference in energy between the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic configurations of the molecules in the ML indicates a weak magnetic coupling between the molecules. These results suggest Au(111) as a plausible support for a ML of [Fe(tBu2qsal)2], making such a molecular assembly suitable for electronic and spin transport applications. As for [Fe(tBu2qsal)2] SCO molecules themselves, we find hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) to be a viable support for them, as there is hardly any charge transfer, while graphene displays stronger interaction with the molecule (thanh-BN does) resulting in charge transfer from the molecule to graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy Le
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Miguel Gakiya-Teruya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States of America
| | - Michael Shatruk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States of America
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, United States of America
| | - Talat S Rahman
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
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12
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Guo Y, Rotaru A, Müller-Bunz H, Morgan GG, Zhang S, Xue S, Garcia Y. Auxiliary alkyl chain modulated spin crossover behaviour of [Fe(H 2Bpz 2) 2(C n-bipy)] complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:12835-12842. [PMID: 34309614 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01787j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three new alkyl chain substituted complexes [Fe(H2Bpz2)2(Cn-bipy)] (pz = pyrazolyl, Cn-bipy = bipyridine alkyl chain diester, n = 3 (3), 4 (4) and 5 (5)) show versatile spin state switching behaviour with different "tail" lengths as revealed by structural and magnetic analyses. The most striking phenomenon is observed for 5 which undergoes an abrupt spin transition accompanied by thermal hysteresis of ca. 10 K, which is attributed to crystal packing effects derived from the competition between ππ and C-HO interactions. Interestingly, each of the complexes exhibits similar gradual and complete spin crossover in methanol solution with a transition temperature around 249 K, as deduced from temperature-dependent UV-vis spectroscopy. This highlights the differences between the solid state (ligand field; crystal packing) and solution (ligand field; solvation) effects on spin crossover. This work demonstrates that the length of the complex's alkyl chain substituents on the complex can have a large impact on the transition temperature and profile of solid state spin crossover, offering a potential path to the fabrication of soft matter spin crossover materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunnan Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China. and Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (IMCN/MOST), Université catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium.
| | - Aurelian Rotaru
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science & MANSiD Research Center, "Stefan cel Mare" University, University Street, 13, Suceava 720229, Romania
| | - Helge Müller-Bunz
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Grace G Morgan
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Shishen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Shufang Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China. and Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (IMCN/MOST), Université catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium.
| | - Yann Garcia
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (IMCN/MOST), Université catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium.
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13
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Kipgen L, Bernien M, Tuczek F, Kuch W. Spin-Crossover Molecules on Surfaces: From Isolated Molecules to Ultrathin Films. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008141. [PMID: 33963619 PMCID: PMC11468565 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular spintronics seeks to use single or few molecules as functional building blocks for spintronic applications, directly relying on molecular properties or properties of interfaces between molecules and inorganic electrodes. Spin-crossover molecules (SCMs) are one of the most promising classes of candidates for molecular spintronics due to their bistability deriving from the existence of two spin states that can be reversibly switched by temperature, light, electric fields, etc. Building devices based on single or few molecules would entail connecting the molecule(s) with solid surfaces and understanding the fundamental behavior of the resulting assemblies. Herein, the investigations of SCMs on solid surfaces, ranging from isolated single molecules (submonolayers) to ultrathin films (mainly in the sub-10 nm range) are summarized. The achievements, challenges and prospects in this field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalminthang Kipgen
- Institut für ExperimentalphysikFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 1414195BerlinGermany
- Present address:
Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes QuantiquesUniversité de Paris ‐ CNRS10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet75013ParisFrance
| | - Matthias Bernien
- Institut für ExperimentalphysikFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 1414195BerlinGermany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieChristian‐Albrechts‐Universität zu KielMax‐Eyth‐Straße 224118KielGermany
| | - Wolfgang Kuch
- Institut für ExperimentalphysikFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 1414195BerlinGermany
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Kumar KS, Ruben M. Sublimable Spin-Crossover Complexes: From Spin-State Switching to Molecular Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7502-7521. [PMID: 31769131 PMCID: PMC8048919 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Spin-crossover (SCO) active transition metal complexes are an important class of switchable molecular materials due to their bistable spin-state switching characteristics at or around room temperature. Vacuum-sublimable SCO complexes are a subclass of SCO complexes suitable for fabricating ultraclean spin-switchable films desirable for applications, especially in molecular electronics/spintronics. Consequently, on-surface SCO of thin-films of sublimable SCO complexes have been studied employing spectroscopy and microscopy techniques, and results of fundamental and technological importance have been obtained. This Review provides complete coverage of advances made in the field of vacuum-sublimable SCO complexes: progress made in the design and synthesis of sublimable functional SCO complexes, on-surface SCO of molecular and multilayer thick films, and various molecular and thin-film device architectures based on the sublimable SCO complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppusamy Senthil Kumar
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS)CNRS-Université de Strasbourg23, rue du Loess, BP 4367034Strasbourg cedex 2France
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS)CNRS-Université de Strasbourg23, rue du Loess, BP 4367034Strasbourg cedex 2France
- Institute of NanotechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Quantum Materials and -TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
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15
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Nonvolatile Voltage Controlled Molecular Spin-State Switching for Memory Applications. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry7030037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nonvolatile, molecular multiferroic devices have now been demonstrated, but it is worth giving some consideration to the issue of whether such devices could be a competitive alternative for solid-state nonvolatile memory. For the Fe (II) spin crossover complex [Fe{H2B(pz)2}2(bipy)], where pz = tris(pyrazol-1-yl)-borohydride and bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine, voltage-controlled isothermal changes in the electronic structure and spin state have been demonstrated and are accompanied by changes in conductance. Higher conductance is seen with [Fe{H2B(pz)2}2(bipy)] in the high spin state, while lower conductance occurs for the low spin state. Plausibly, there is the potential here for low-cost molecular solid-state memory because the essential molecular thin films are easily fabricated. However, successful device fabrication does not mean a device that has a practical value. Here, we discuss the progress and challenges yet facing the fabrication of molecular multiferroic devices, which could be considered competitive to silicon.
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Kumar KS, Ruben M. Sublimierbare Spin‐Crossover‐Komplexe: Vom Schalten des Spinzustands zu molekularen Bauelementen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuppusamy Senthil Kumar
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS) CNRS-Université de Strasbourg 23, rue du Loess, BP 43 67034 Strasbourg cedex 2 Frankreich
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS) CNRS-Université de Strasbourg 23, rue du Loess, BP 43 67034 Strasbourg cedex 2 Frankreich
- Institut für Nanotechnologie Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
- Institut für Quantenmaterialien und -technologien Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
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Abstract
The transfer of the inherent bistability of spin crossover compounds to surfaces has attracted considerable interest in recent years. The deposition of the complexes on surfaces allows investigating them individually and to further understand the microscopic mechanisms at play. Moreover, it offers the prospect of engineering switchable functional surfaces. We review recent progress in the field with a particular focus on the challenges and limits associated with the dominant experimental techniques used, namely near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). One of the main difficulties in NEXAFS-based experiments is to ascertain that the complexes are in direct contact with the surfaces. We show that molecular coverage determination based on the amplitude of the edge-jump of interest is challenging because the latter quantity depends on the substrate. Furthermore, NEXAFS averages the signals of a large number of molecules, which may be in different states. In particular, we highlight that the signal of fragmented molecules is difficult to distinguish from that of intact and functional ones. In contrast, STM allows investigating individual complexes, but the identification of the spin states is at best done indirectly. As quite some of the limits of the techniques are becoming apparent as the field is gaining maturity, their detailed descriptions will be useful for future investigations and for taking a fresh look at earlier reports.
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18
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An Iron(III) Complex with Pincer Ligand—Catalytic Water Oxidation through Controllable Ligand Exchange. REACTIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/reactions1010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pincer ligands occupy three coplanar sites at metal centers and often support both stability and reactivity. The five-coordinate [FeIIICl2(tia-BAI)] complex (tia-BAI− = 1,3-bis(2’-thiazolylimino)isoindolinate(−)) was considered as a potential pre-catalyst for water oxidation providing the active form via the exchange of chloride ligands to water molecules. The tia-BAI− pincer ligand renders water-insolubility to the Fe–(tia-BAI) assembly, but it tolerates the presence of water in acetone and produces electrocatalytic current in cyclic voltammetry associated with molecular water oxidation catalysis. Upon addition of water to [FeIIICl2(tia-BAI)] in acetone the changes in the Fe3+/2+ redox transition and the UV-visible spectra could be associated with solvent-dependent equilibria between the aqua and chloride complex forms. Immobilization of the complex from methanol on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) electrode by means of drop-casting resulted in water oxidation catalysis in borate buffer. The O2 detected by gas chromatography upon electrolysis at pH 8.3 indicates >80% Faraday efficiency by a TON > 193. The investigation of the complex/ITO assembly by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) before and after electrolysis, and re-dissolution tests suggest that an immobilized molecular catalyst is responsible for catalysis and de-activation occurs by depletion of the metal.
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19
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Beniwal S, Sarkar S, Baier F, Weber B, Dowben PA, Enders A. Site selective adsorption of the spin crossover complex Fe(phen)2(NCS) on Au(111). JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:324003. [PMID: 32189641 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab808d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The iron(II) spin crossover complex Fe(1,10-phenanthroline)2(NCS)2, dubbed Fe-phen, has been studied with scanning tunneling microscopy, after adsorption on the 'herringbone' reconstructed surface of Au(111) for sub-monolayer coverages. The Fe-phen molecules attach, through their NCS-groups, to the Au atoms of the fcc domains of the reconstructed surface only, thereby lifting the herringbone reconstruction. The molecules stack to form 1D chains, which run along the Au[110] directions. Neighboring Fe-phen molecules are separated by approximately 2.65 nm, corresponding to 9 atomic spacings in this direction. The molecular axis, defined by the two phenanthroline groups, is aligned perpendicular to the chain axis, along the Au221¯direction, thereby bridging over 5 atomic spacings, in this direction. Experimental evidence suggests that the molecular spins are locked in a mixed state in the sub-monolayer regime at temperatures between 100 K and 300 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Beniwal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
| | - Suchetana Sarkar
- Department of Physics, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Felix Baier
- Department of Physics, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Birgit Weber
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Peter A Dowben
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
| | - Axel Enders
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
- Department of Physics, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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20
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Cini A, Poggini L, Chumakov AI, Rüffer R, Spina G, Wattiaux A, Duttine M, Gonidec M, Fittipaldi M, Rosa P, Mannini M. Synchrotron-based Mössbauer spectroscopy characterization of sublimated spin crossover molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6626-6637. [PMID: 32159166 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04464g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The spin crossover (SCO) efficiency of [57Fe(bpz)2(phen)] (where bpz = bis(pyrazol-1-yl)borohydride and phen = 9,10-phenantroline) molecules deposited on gold substrates was investigated by means of synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy. The spin transition was driven thermally, or light induced via the LIESST (light induced excited spin-state trapping) effect. Both sets of measurements show that, once deposited on a gold substrate, the efficiency of the SCO mechanism is modified with respect to molecules in the bulk phase. A correlation in the distribution of hyperfine parameters in the sublimated films, not evidenced so far in the bulk phase, is reported. This translates into geometrical distortions of the first coordination sphere of the iron atom that seem to correlate with the decreased spin conversion. The work reported clearly shows the potentiality of synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy for the characterization of nanostructured Fe-based SCO systems, thus resulting as a key tool in view of their applications in innovative nanoscale devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence and INSTM Research Unit of Florence, via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
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21
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Ossinger S, Näther C, Buchholz A, Schmidtmann M, Mangelsen S, Beckhaus R, Plass W, Tuczek F. Spin Transition of an Iron(II) Organoborate Complex in Different Polymorphs and in Vacuum-Deposited Thin Films: Influence of Cooperativity. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:7966-7979. [PMID: 32036663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Two polymorphic modifications (1-I and 1-II) of the new spin crossover (SCO) complex [Fe{H2B(pz)(pypz)}2] (pz = pyrazole, pypz = pyridylpyrazole; 1) were prepared and investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), magnetic measurements, Mößbauer, vibrational, and absorption spectroscopy as well as single-crystal and X-ray powder diffraction. DSC measurements reveal that upon heating the thermodynamically metastable form 1-II to ∼178 °C it transforms into 1-I in an exothermic reaction, which proves that these modifications are related by monotropism. Both forms show thermal SCO with T1/2 values of 390 K (1-II) and 270 K (1-I). An analysis of the crystal structures of 1-II and the corresponding Zn(II) (2) and Co(II) (3) complexes that are isotypic with 1-I reveals that form II consists of dimers coupled by strong intramolecular π···π interactions, which is not the case for 1-I. In agreement with these findings, investigations of thin films of 1, where significant π···π interactions should be absent, reveal SCO behavior similar to that of 1-I. These results underscore the importance of cooperativity for the spin-transition behavior of this class of complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Ossinger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str.2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str.2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Axel Buchholz
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institute for Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Mangelsen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str.2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institute for Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str.2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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22
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Al-Zuraiji SM, Benkó T, Illés L, Németh M, Frey K, Sulyok A, Pap JS. Utilization of hydrophobic ligands for water-insoluble Fe(II) water oxidation catalysts – Immobilization and characterization. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Poggini L, Londi G, Milek M, Naim A, Lanzilotto V, Cortigiani B, Bondino F, Magnano E, Otero E, Sainctavit P, Arrio MA, Juhin A, Marchivie M, Khusniyarov MM, Totti F, Rosa P, Mannini M. Surface effects on a photochromic spin-crossover iron(ii) molecular switch adsorbed on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:20006-20014. [PMID: 31603165 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05947d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thin films of an iron(ii) complex with a photochromic diarylethene-based ligand and featuring a spin-crossover behaviour have been grown by sublimation in ultra-high vacuum on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and spectroscopically characterized through high-resolution X-ray and ultraviolet photoemission, as well as via X-ray absorption. Temperature-dependent studies demonstrated that the thermally induced spin-crossover is preserved at a sub-monolayer (0.7 ML) coverage. Although the photochromic ligand ad hoc integrated into the complex allows the photo-switching of the spin state of the complex at room temperature both in bulk and for a thick film on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, this photomagnetic effect is not observed in sub-monolayer deposits. Ab initio calculations justify this behaviour as the result of specific adsorbate-substrate interactions leading to the stabilization of the photoinactive form of the diarylethene ligand over photoactive one on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Poggini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Firenze, University of Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Londi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Firenze, University of Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Magdalena Milek
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstr. 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ahmad Naim
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ICMCB, UMR5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Valeria Lanzilotto
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Firenze, University of Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Brunetto Cortigiani
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Firenze, University of Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Federica Bondino
- CNR-IOM, Laboratorio TASC, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Magnano
- CNR-IOM, Laboratorio TASC, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Edwige Otero
- Synchrotron SOLEIL L'Orme des Merisiers Saint Aubin, BP 48 91192, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Philippe Sainctavit
- Synchrotron SOLEIL L'Orme des Merisiers Saint Aubin, BP 48 91192, Gif sur Yvette, France and IMPMC-UMR7590, CNRS, Sorbonne université, MNHN 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Anne Arrio
- IMPMC-UMR7590, CNRS, Sorbonne université, MNHN 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Amélie Juhin
- IMPMC-UMR7590, CNRS, Sorbonne université, MNHN 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Marat M Khusniyarov
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstr. 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Federico Totti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Firenze, University of Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Patrick Rosa
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ICMCB, UMR5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Matteo Mannini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Firenze, University of Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Jiang X, Hao G, Wang X, Mosey A, Zhang X, Yu L, Yost AJ, Zhang X, DiChiara AD, N'Diaye AT, Cheng X, Zhang J, Cheng R, Xu X, Dowben PA. Tunable spin-state bistability in a spin crossover molecular complex. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:315401. [PMID: 30995634 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab1a7d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The spin crossover (SCO) transitions at both the surface and over the entire volume of the [Fe{H2B(pz)2}2(bipy)] polycrystalline films on Al2O3 substrates have been studied, where pz = pyrazol-1-yl and bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine. For [Fe{H2B(pz)2}2(bipy)] films of hundreds of nm thick, magnetometry and x-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements show thermal hysteresis in the SCO transition with temperature, although the transition in bulk [Fe{H2B(pz)2}2(bipy)] occurs in a non-hysteretic fashion at 157 K. While the size of the crystallites in those films are similar, the hysteresis becomes more prominent in thinner films, indicating a significant effect of the [Fe{H2B(pz)2}2(bipy)]/Al2O3 interface. Bistability of spin states, which can be inferred from the thermal hysteresis, was directly observed using temperature-dependent x-ray diffraction; the crystallites behave as spin-state domains that coexist during the transition. The difference between the spin state of molecules at the surface of the [Fe{H2B(pz)2}2(bipy)] films and that of the molecules within the films, during the thermal cycle, indicates that both cooperative (intermolecular) effects and coordination are implicated in perturbations to the SCO transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
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25
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Evidence of Photo-Thermal Effects on the First-Order Thermo-Induced Spin Transition of [{Fe(NCSe)(py)2}2(m-bpypz)] Spin-Crossover Material. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry5020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated by means of optical microscopy and magnetic measurements the first-order thermal spin transition of the [{Fe(NCSe)(py)2}2(m-bpypz)] spin-crossover compound under various shining intensities, far from the light-induced spin-state trapping region. We found evidence of photo-heating effects on the thermally-induced hysteretic response of this spin-crossover material, thus causing the shift of the thermal hysteresis to lower temperature regions. The experimental results are discussed in terms of the apparent crystal temperature and are analyzed theoretically using two evolution equations of motion, written on the high-spin (HS) fraction and heat balance between the crystal and the thermal bath. A very good qualitative agreement was found between experiment and theory in the stationary regime, explaining the experimental observations well and identifying the key factors governing these photo-thermal effects.
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26
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Li L, Craze AR, Mustonen O, Zenno H, Whittaker JJ, Hayami S, Lindoy LF, Marjo CE, Clegg JK, Aldrich-Wright JR, Li F. A mixed-spin spin-crossover thiozolylimine [Fe4L6]8+ cage. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9935-9938. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01947b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A mixed-spin spin-crossover thiozolylimine [Fe4L6]8+ tetrahedral cage is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- School of Science and Health
- Western Sydney University
- Penrith
- Australia
| | | | - Outi Mustonen
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre
- University of New South Wales
- Kensington
- Australia
| | - Hikaru Zenno
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Kumamoto University
- Chuo-ku
- Japan
| | - Jacob J. Whittaker
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane St Lucia
- Australia
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Kumamoto University
- Chuo-ku
- Japan
| | | | - Christopher E. Marjo
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre
- University of New South Wales
- Kensington
- Australia
| | - Jack K. Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane St Lucia
- Australia
| | | | - Feng Li
- School of Science and Health
- Western Sydney University
- Penrith
- Australia
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27
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Costa P, Hao G, N'Diaye AT, Routaboul L, Braunstein P, Zhang X, Zhang J, Doudin B, Enders A, Dowben PA. Perturbing the spin crossover transition activation energies in Fe(H 2B(pz) 2) 2(bipy) with zwitterionic additions. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:305503. [PMID: 29916814 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aacd7e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A thermal component to the soft x-ray induced spin crossover transition exists in the switching of a spin crossover compound (complex [Fe{H2B(pz)2}2(bipy)] (pz = pyrazol-1-yl, bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine) combined with the dipolar molecular additives (zwitterionic p-benzoquinonemonoimine C6H2([Formula: see text])2([Formula: see text])2). The addition of the zwitterionic molecule locks the Fe(II) complex in a largely low spin state configuration over an unusually broad temperature range that includes temperatures well above the thermal spin crossover temperature of 160 K. It is demonstrated here that the process of exciting the [Fe{H2B(pz)2}2(bipy)] moiety, in the presence of with C6H2([Formula: see text])2([Formula: see text])2, to an electronic state characteristic of the high spin state though incident x-ray fluences, has a thermal activation energies are determined to 14-18 meV for a range of mixing ratios from 1:2 to 1:10. Those activation energies are also significantly reduced as compared to values of 60-80 meV found for nanometer thin films of [Fe{H2B(pz)2}2(bipy)] on SiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Costa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0299, United States of America
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28
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Craze AR, Howard-Smith KJ, Bhadbhade MM, Mustonen O, Kepert CJ, Marjo CE, Li F. Investigation of the High-Temperature Spin-Transition of a Mononuclear Iron(II) Complex Using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:6503-6510. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R. Craze
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - Kyle J. Howard-Smith
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - Mohan M. Bhadbhade
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Outi Mustonen
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Cameron J. Kepert
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Christopher E. Marjo
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Feng Li
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
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29
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Rohlf S, Gruber M, Flöser BM, Grunwald J, Jarausch S, Diekmann F, Kalläne M, Jasper-Toennies T, Buchholz A, Plass W, Berndt R, Tuczek F, Rossnagel K. Light-Induced Spin Crossover in an Fe(II) Low-Spin Complex Enabled by Surface Adsorption. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:1491-1496. [PMID: 29510617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding and controlling the spin-crossover properties of molecular complexes can be of particular interest for potential applications in molecular spintronics. Using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, we investigated these properties for a new vacuum-evaporable Fe(II) complex, namely [Fe(pypyr(CF3)2)2(phen)] (pypyr = 2-(2'-pyridyl)pyrrolide, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline). We find that the spin-transition temperature, well above room temperature for the bulk compound, is drastically lowered for molecules arranged in thin films. Furthermore, while within the experimentally accessible temperature range (2 K < T < 410 K) the bulk material shows indication of neither light-induced excited spin-state trapping nor soft X-ray-induced excited spin-state trapping, these effects are observed for molecules within thin films up to temperatures around 100 K. Thus, by arranging the molecules into thin films, a nominal low-spin complex is effectively transformed into a spin-crossover complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Rohlf
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , 24098 Kiel , Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , 24098 Kiel , Germany
| | - Benedikt M Flöser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , 24098 Kiel , Germany
| | - Jan Grunwald
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , 24098 Kiel , Germany
| | - Simon Jarausch
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , 24098 Kiel , Germany
| | - Florian Diekmann
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , 24098 Kiel , Germany
| | - Matthias Kalläne
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , 24098 Kiel , Germany
- Ruprecht-Haensel-Labor , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel und Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , 24098 Kiel und 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Torben Jasper-Toennies
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , 24098 Kiel , Germany
| | - Axel Buchholz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , 24098 Kiel , Germany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , 24098 Kiel , Germany
| | - Kai Rossnagel
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , 24098 Kiel , Germany
- Ruprecht-Haensel-Labor , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel und Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , 24098 Kiel und 22607 Hamburg , Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
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30
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Kumar KS, Studniarek M, Heinrich B, Arabski J, Schmerber G, Bowen M, Boukari S, Beaurepaire E, Dreiser J, Ruben M. Engineering On-Surface Spin Crossover: Spin-State Switching in a Self-Assembled Film of Vacuum-Sublimable Functional Molecule. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1705416. [PMID: 29356142 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The realization of spin-crossover (SCO)-based applications requires study of the spin-state switching characteristics of SCO complex molecules within nanostructured environments, especially on surfaces. Except for a very few cases, the SCO of a surface-bound thin molecular film is either quenched or heavily altered due to: (i) molecule-surface interactions and (ii) differing intermolecular interactions in films relative to the bulk. By fabricating SCO complexes on a weakly interacting surface, the interfacial quenching problem is tackled. However, engineering intermolecular interactions in thin SCO active films is rather difficult. Here, a molecular self-assembly strategy is proposed to fabricate thin spin-switchable surface-bound films with programmable intermolecular interactions. Molecular engineering of the parent complex system [Fe(H2 B(pz)2 )2 (bpy)] (pz = pyrazole, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) with a dodecyl (C12 ) alkyl chain yields a classical amphiphile-like functional and vacuum-sublimable charge-neutral FeII complex, [Fe(H2 B(pz)2 )2 (C12 -bpy)] (C12 -bpy = dodecyl[2,2'-bipyridine]-5-carboxylate). Both the bulk powder and 10 nm thin films sublimed onto either quartz glass or SiOx surfaces of the complex show comparable spin-state switching characteristics mediated by similar lamellar bilayer like self-assembly/molecular interactions. This unprecedented observation augurs well for the development of SCO-based applications, especially in molecular spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppusamy Senthil Kumar
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michał Studniarek
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67034, Strasbourg, France
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH-5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jacek Arabski
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Guy Schmerber
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Martin Bowen
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Samy Boukari
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Beaurepaire
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jan Dreiser
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH-5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67034, Strasbourg, France
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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31
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Du ML, Hu YJ, Huang J, Li QX. Electronic Transport Properties of Spin-Crossover Magnet Fe(II)-N4S2 Complexes. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/31/cjcp1706117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-li Du
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yu-jie Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qun-xiang Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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32
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Li L, Craze AR, Akiyoshi R, Tsukiashi A, Hayami S, Mustonen O, Bhadbhade MM, Bhattacharyya S, Marjo CE, Wang Y, Lindoy LF, Aldrich-Wright JR, Li F. Direct monitoring of spin transitions in a dinuclear triple-stranded helicate iron(ii) complex through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:2543-2548. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04190j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
VT-XPS shows that the spin behaviour is reversible between the HS and LS states in a new dinuclear helicate iron(ii) complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- School of Science and Health
- Western Sydney University
- Penrith
- Australia
| | | | - Ryohei Akiyoshi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Kumamoto University
- Japan
| | - Asami Tsukiashi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Kumamoto University
- Japan
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Kumamoto University
- Japan
| | - Outi Mustonen
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre
- University of New South Wales
- Kensington
- Australia
| | - Mohan M. Bhadbhade
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre
- University of New South Wales
- Kensington
- Australia
| | - Saroj Bhattacharyya
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre
- University of New South Wales
- Kensington
- Australia
| | - Christopher E. Marjo
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre
- University of New South Wales
- Kensington
- Australia
| | - Yun Wang
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy
- Gold Coast Campus
- Griffith University
- Australia
| | | | | | - Feng Li
- School of Science and Health
- Western Sydney University
- Penrith
- Australia
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33
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Zhang X, N'Diaye AT, Jiang X, Zhang X, Yin Y, Chen X, Hong X, Xu X, Dowben PA. Indications of magnetic coupling effects in spin cross-over molecular thin films. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:944-947. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08246k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Room temperature isothermal reversible spin crossover switching of [Fe(H2B(pz)2)2(bipy)] thin films by external magnetic fields is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Nebraska
- Lincoln
- USA
| | - Alpha T. N'Diaye
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - Xuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Nebraska
- Lincoln
- USA
| | - Xiaozhe Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Nebraska
- Lincoln
- USA
| | - Yuewei Yin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Nebraska
- Lincoln
- USA
| | - Xuegang Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Nebraska
- Lincoln
- USA
| | - Xia Hong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Nebraska
- Lincoln
- USA
| | - Xiaoshan Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Nebraska
- Lincoln
- USA
| | - Peter A. Dowben
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Nebraska
- Lincoln
- USA
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34
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Senthil Kumar K, Šalitroš I, Boubegtiten-Fezoua Z, Moldovan S, Hellwig P, Ruben M. A spin crossover (SCO) active graphene-iron(ii) complex hybrid material. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:35-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03623j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A graphene-spin crossover (SCO) complex hybrid (Gr-SCO-A), prepared by non-covalently anchoring a pyrene tethered iron(ii)-SCO complex 1 with single/few layer graphene sheets, shows persistent thermal and light induced SCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppusamy Senthil Kumar
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS)
- CNRS-Université de Strasbourg
- 67034 Strasbourg cedex 2
- France
| | - Ivan Šalitroš
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Technology and Materials
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology
- Slovak University of Technology
- Bratislava
| | - Zahia Boubegtiten-Fezoua
- Laboratoire de Bioélectrochimie et Spectroscopie
- UMR 7140
- Chimie de la Matière Complexe
- Université de Strasbourg CNRS
- 67081 Strasbourg
| | - Simona Moldovan
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS)
- CNRS-Université de Strasbourg
- 67034 Strasbourg cedex 2
- France
- Groupe de Physique des Matériaux (GPM)
| | - Petra Hellwig
- Laboratoire de Bioélectrochimie et Spectroscopie
- UMR 7140
- Chimie de la Matière Complexe
- Université de Strasbourg CNRS
- 67081 Strasbourg
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS)
- CNRS-Université de Strasbourg
- 67034 Strasbourg cedex 2
- France
- Institute of Nanotechnology
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35
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Jasper-Toennies T, Gruber M, Karan S, Jacob H, Tuczek F, Berndt R. Robust and Selective Switching of an Fe III Spin-Crossover Compound on Cu 2N/Cu(100) with Memristance Behavior. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:6613-6619. [PMID: 29023129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The switching between two spin states makes spin-crossover molecules on surfaces very attractive for potential applications in molecular spintronics. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, the successful deposition of [Fe(pap)2]+ (pap = N-2-pyridylmethylidene-2-hydroxyphenylaminato) molecules on Cu2N/Cu(100) surface is evidenced. The deposited FeIII spin-crossover compound is controllably switched between three different states, each of them exhibiting a characteristic tunneling conductance. The conductance is therefore employed to readily read the state of the molecules. A comparison of the experimental data with the results of density functional theory calculations reveals that all Fe(pap)2 molecules are initially in their high-spin state. The two other states are compatible with the low-spin state of the molecule but differ with respect to their coupling to the substrate. As a proof of concept, the reversible and selective nature of the switching is used to build a two-molecule memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sujoy Karan
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg , 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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36
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Zhang X, Costa PS, Hooper J, Miller DP, N'Diaye AT, Beniwal S, Jiang X, Yin Y, Rosa P, Routaboul L, Gonidec M, Poggini L, Braunstein P, Doudin B, Xu X, Enders A, Zurek E, Dowben PA. Locking and Unlocking the Molecular Spin Crossover Transition. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1702257. [PMID: 28846811 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Fe(II) spin crossover complex [Fe{H2 B(pz)2 }2 (bipy)] (pz = pyrazol-1-yl, bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine) can be locked in a largely low-spin-state configuration over a temperature range that includes temperatures well above the thermal spin crossover temperature of 160 K. This locking of the spin state is achieved for nanometer thin films of this complex in two distinct ways: through substrate interactions with dielectric substrates such as SiO2 and Al2 O3 , or in powder samples by mixing with the strongly dipolar zwitterionic p-benzoquinonemonoimine C6 H2 (-⋯ NH2 )2 (-⋯ O)2 . Remarkably, it is found in both cases that incident X-ray fluences then restore the [Fe{H2 B(pz)2 }2 (bipy)] moiety to an electronic state characteristic of the high spin state at temperatures of 200 K to above room temperature; that is, well above the spin crossover transition temperature for the pristine powder, and well above the temperatures characteristic of light- or X-ray-induced excited-spin-state trapping. Heating slightly above room temperature allows the initial locked state to be restored. These findings, supported by theory, show how the spin crossover transition can be manipulated reversibly around room temperature by appropriate design of the electrostatic and chemical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
| | - Paulo S Costa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
| | - James Hooper
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, 30-060, Poland
| | - Daniel P Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14260-3000, USA
| | - Alpha T N'Diaye
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Sumit Beniwal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
| | - Xuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
| | - Yuewei Yin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
| | - Patrick Rosa
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Lucie Routaboul
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CHIMIE UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mathieu Gonidec
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Lorenzo Poggini
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CHIMIE UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Doudin
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, IPCMS UMR 7504, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Xiaoshan Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
| | - Axel Enders
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Eva Zurek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14260-3000, USA
| | - Peter A Dowben
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
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37
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Senthil Kumar K, Ruben M. Emerging trends in spin crossover (SCO) based functional materials and devices. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 503] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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38
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Li L, Neville SM, Craze AR, Clegg JK, Sciortino NF, Arachchige KSA, Mustonen O, Marjo CE, McRae CR, Kepert CJ, Lindoy LF, Aldrich-Wright JR, Li F. Spin-State Patterning in an Iron(II) Tripodal Spin-Crossover Complex. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:3349-3353. [PMID: 31457658 PMCID: PMC6641455 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A mononuclear iron(II) complex that displays a gradual two-step spin-crossover (SCO) transition is reported. The intermediate plateau (IP) occurs between HS0.40LS0.60 and HS0.30LS0.70 (HS = high spin; LS = low spin) ratios over the region of ca. 190-170 K. A phase change occurs at the IP, breaking the symmetry, resulting in six independent SCO sites compared to one at the 100% HS and LS plateau regions, respectively. Variable-temperature X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that the SCO behavior is completely reversible among the HS, IP, and LS regions. The results both confirm and extend the related results for the above system described by Halcrow et al. (Kulmaczewski R.; Cespedes O.; Halcrow M. A.Gradual Thermal Spin-Crossover Mediated By a Reentrant Z' = 1 → Z' = 6 → Z' = 1 Phase Transition, Inorg. Chem. 2017, 56, 3144-3148) in a recent report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- School
of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
| | | | - Alexander R. Craze
- School
of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Jack K. Clegg
- School
of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | | | | | - Outi Mustonen
- Mark
Wainwright Analytical Centre, University
of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Christopher E. Marjo
- Mark
Wainwright Analytical Centre, University
of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Christopher R. McRae
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Cameron J. Kepert
- School
of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Leonard F. Lindoy
- School
of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Janice R. Aldrich-Wright
- School
of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Feng Li
- School
of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
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39
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Gruber M, Miyamachi T, Davesne V, Bowen M, Boukari S, Wulfhekel W, Alouani M, Beaurepaire E. Spin crossover in Fe(phen)2(NCS)2 complexes on metallic surfaces. J Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4973511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Gruber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Toshio Miyamachi
- The Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - Vincent Davesne
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077 Cedex 04 Toulouse, France
| | - Martin Bowen
- Institut de Physique et de Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7504, 23 Rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Cedex 2 Strasbourg, France
| | - Samy Boukari
- Institut de Physique et de Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7504, 23 Rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Cedex 2 Strasbourg, France
| | - Wulf Wulfhekel
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Wolfgang-Gaede-Strasse 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mebarek Alouani
- Institut de Physique et de Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7504, 23 Rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Cedex 2 Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Beaurepaire
- Institut de Physique et de Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7504, 23 Rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Cedex 2 Strasbourg, France
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40
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He Y, Kröger J, Wang Y. Organic Multilayer Films Studied by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:429-450. [PMID: 27973695 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This Minireview focuses exclusively on work with scanning tunneling microscopy to study the self-assembled multilayer films (SAMTs) of organic molecules. The π-conjugated organic molecules form different structures within different monolayers on various substrates. The interplay between molecule-substrate and intermolecular interactions plays a key role in determining the stacking mode of organic multilayer films. Different substrates strongly influence the organic-film growth and electronic properties of the organic molecules. Geometric and electronic structures of SAMTs are important factors that may determine device performance. In addition to the inorganic interface, this Minireview addresses the organic-organic interface. Homo- and hetero-SAMTs of organic molecules are also considered. The subtle interplay between structural and electronic characteristics, on one hand, and functionality and reactivity, on the other hand, are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang He
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Jörg Kröger
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China.,Peking University Information Technology Institute (Tianjin Binhai), Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
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41
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Luo YH, Nihei M, Wen GJ, Sun BW, Oshio H. Ambient-Temperature Spin-State Switching Achieved by Protonation of the Amino Group in [Fe(H2Bpz2)2(bipy-NH2)]. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8147-52. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hui. Luo
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, People’s Republic of China
| | - Masayuki Nihei
- Faculty
of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai
1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Gao-Ju Wen
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bai-Wang Sun
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hiroki Oshio
- Faculty
of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai
1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
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42
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Beniwal S, Zhang X, Mu S, Naim A, Rosa P, Chastanet G, Létard JF, Liu J, Sterbinsky GE, Arena DA, Dowben PA, Enders A. Surface-induced spin state locking of the [Fe(H2B(pz)2)2(bipy)] spin crossover complex. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:206002. [PMID: 27121917 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/20/206002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Temperature- and coverage-dependent studies of the Au(1 1 1)-supported spin crossover Fe(II) complex (SCO) of the type [Fe(H2B(pz)2)2(bipy)] with a suite of surface-sensitive spectroscopy and microscopy tools show that the substrate inhibits thermally induced transitions of the molecular spin state, so that both high-spin and low-spin states are preserved far beyond the spin transition temperature of free molecules. Scanning tunneling microscopy confirms that [Fe(H2B(pz)2)2(bipy)] grows as ordered, molecular bilayer islands at sub-monolayer coverage and as disordered film at higher coverage. The temperature dependence of the electronic structure suggest that the SCO films exhibit a mixture of spin states at room temperature, but upon cooling below the spin crossover transition the film spin state is best described as a mix of high-spin and low-spin state molecules of a ratio that is constant. This locking of the spin state is most likely the result of a substrate-induced conformational change of the interfacial molecules, but it is estimated that also the intra-atomic electron-electron Coulomb correlation energy, or Hubbard correlation energy U, could be an additional contributing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Beniwal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
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43
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Bruce RC, Wang R, Rawson J, Therien MJ, You W. Valence Band Dependent Charge Transport in Bulk Molecular Electronic Devices Incorporating Highly Conjugated Multi-[(Porphinato)Metal] Oligomers. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:2078-81. [PMID: 26829704 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b10772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Molecular electronics offers the potential to control device functions through the fundamental electronic properties of individual molecules, but realization of such possibilities is typically frustrated when such specialized molecules are integrated into a larger area device. Here we utilize highly conjugated (porphinato)metal-based oligomers (PM(n) structures) as molecular wire components of nanotransfer printed (nTP) molecular junctions; electrical characterization of these "bulk" nTP devices highlights device resistances that depend on PM(n) wire length. Device resistance measurements, determined as a function of PM(n) molecular length, were utilized to evaluate the magnitude of a phenomenological β corresponding to the resistance decay parameter across the barrier; these data show that the magnitude of this β value is modulated via porphyrin macrocycle central metal atom substitution [β(PZn(n); 0.065 Å(-1)) < β(PCu(n); 0.132 Å(-1)) < β(PNi(n); 0.176 Å(-1))]. Cyclic voltammetric data, and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopic studies carried out at gold surfaces, demonstrate that these nTP device resistances track with the valence band energy levels of the PM(n) wire, which were modulated via porphyrin macrocycle central metal atom substitution. This study demonstrates the ability to fabricate "bulk" and scalable electronic devices in which function derives from the electronic properties of discrete single molecules, and underscores how a critical device function--wire resistance--may be straightforwardly engineered by PM(n) molecular composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Bruce
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Ruobing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jeff Rawson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Michael J Therien
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Wei You
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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44
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Huang J, Xie R, Wang W, Li Q, Yang J. Coherent transport through spin-crossover magnet Fe2 complexes. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:609-616. [PMID: 26647165 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05601b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most promising building blocks in molecular spintronics, spin crossover (SCO) complexes have attracted increasing attention due to their magnetic bistability between the high-spin (HS) and low-spin (LS) states. Here, we explore the electronic structures and transport properties of SCO magnet Fe2 complexes with three different spin-pair configurations, namely [LS-LS], [LS-HS], and [HS-HS], by performing extensive density functional theory calculations combined with the non-equilibrium Green's function technique. Our calculations clearly reveal that the SCO magnet Fe2 complexes should display two-step spin transitions triggered by external stimuli, i.e. temperature or light, which confirm the previous phenomenological model and agree well with previous experimental measurements. Based on the calculated transport results, we observe a nearly perfect spin-filtering effect and negative differential resistance (NDR) behavior integrated in the SCO magnet Fe2 junction with the [HS-HS] configuration. The current through the [HS-HS] SCO magnet Fe2 complex under a small bias voltage is mainly contributed by the spin-down electrons, which is significantly larger than those of the [LS-LS] and [LS-HS] cases. The bias-dependent transmissions are responsible for the observed NDR effect. These theoretical findings suggest that SCO Fe2 complexes hold potential applications in molecular spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China. and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Rong Xie
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Weiyi Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Qunxiang Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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45
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Castellano M, Ruiz-García R, Cano J, Ferrando-Soria J, Pardo E, Fortea-Pérez FR, Stiriba SE, Barros WP, Stumpf HO, Cañadillas-Delgado L, Pasán J, Ruiz-Pérez C, de Munno G, Armentano D, Journaux Y, Lloret F, Julve M. Metallosupramolecular approach toward multifunctional magnetic devices for molecular spintronics. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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46
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Bernien M, Naggert H, Arruda LM, Kipgen L, Nickel F, Miguel J, Hermanns CF, Krüger A, Krüger D, Schierle E, Weschke E, Tuczek F, Kuch W. Highly Efficient Thermal and Light-Induced Spin-State Switching of an Fe(II) Complex in Direct Contact with a Solid Surface. ACS NANO 2015; 9:8960-8966. [PMID: 26266974 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Spin crossover (SCO) complexes possess a bistable spin state that reacts sensitively to changes in temperature or excitation with light. These effects have been well investigated in solids and solutions, while technological applications require the immobilization and contacting of the molecules at surfaces, which often results in the suppression of the SCO. We report on the thermal and light-induced SCO of [Fe(bpz)2phen] molecules in direct contact with a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface. We are able to switch on the magnetic moment of the molecules by illumination with green light at T = 6 K, and off by increasing the temperature to 65 K. The light-induced switching process is highly efficient leading to a complete spin conversion from the low-spin to the high-spin state within a submonolayer of molecules. [Fe(bpz)2phen] complexes immobilized on weakly interacting graphite substrates are thus promising candidates to realize the vision of an optically controlled molecular logic unit for spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Bernien
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Naggert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lucas M Arruda
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lalminthang Kipgen
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Nickel
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jorge Miguel
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian F Hermanns
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alex Krüger
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis Krüger
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Enrico Schierle
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eugen Weschke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kuch
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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47
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Devid EJ, Martinho PN, Kamalakar MV, Šalitroš I, Prendergast Ú, Dayen JF, Meded V, Lemma T, González-Prieto R, Evers F, Keyes TE, Ruben M, Doudin B, van der Molen SJ. Spin transition in arrays of gold nanoparticles and spin crossover molecules. ACS NANO 2015; 9:4496-4507. [PMID: 25835284 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigate if the functionality of spin crossover molecules is preserved when they are assembled into an interfacial device structure. Specifically, we prepare and investigate gold nanoparticle arrays, into which room-temperature spin crossover molecules are introduced, more precisely, [Fe(AcS-BPP)2](ClO4)2, where AcS-BPP = (S)-(4-{[2,6-(dipyrazol-1-yl)pyrid-4-yl]ethynyl}phenyl)ethanethioate (in short, Fe(S-BPP)2). We combine three complementary experiments to characterize the molecule-nanoparticle structure in detail. Temperature-dependent Raman measurements provide direct evidence for a (partial) spin transition in the Fe(S-BPP)2-based arrays. This transition is qualitatively confirmed by magnetization measurements. Finally, charge transport measurements on the Fe(S-BPP)2-gold nanoparticle devices reveal a minimum in device resistance versus temperature, R(T), curves around 260-290 K. This is in contrast to similar networks containing passive molecules only that show monotonically decreasing R(T) characteristics. Backed by density functional theory calculations on single molecular conductance values for both spin states, we propose to relate the resistance minimum in R(T) to a spin transition under the hypothesis that (1) the molecular resistance of the high spin state is larger than that of the low spin state and (2) transport in the array is governed by a percolation model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin J Devid
- †Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paulo N Martinho
- ‡Centro de Química e Bioquímica (CQB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- ∥Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - M Venkata Kamalakar
- §Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ivan Šalitroš
- ∥Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- ◊Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinskeho 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Úna Prendergast
- ⊥School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Jean-François Dayen
- #Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS UMR 7504, Laboratory NIE, Université de Strasbourg, 23 Rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Velimir Meded
- ∥Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Tibebe Lemma
- ⊥School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Rodrigo González-Prieto
- ∥Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- ¶Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ferdinand Evers
- ∥Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- △Institut für Theorie der Kondensierten Materie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tia E Keyes
- ⊥School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Mario Ruben
- ∥Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- #Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS UMR 7504, Laboratory NIE, Université de Strasbourg, 23 Rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Doudin
- #Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS UMR 7504, Laboratory NIE, Université de Strasbourg, 23 Rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sense Jan van der Molen
- †Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Poneti G, Poggini L, Mannini M, Cortigiani B, Sorace L, Otero E, Sainctavit P, Magnani A, Sessoli R, Dei A. Thermal and optical control of electronic states in a single layer of switchable paramagnetic molecules. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2268-2274. [PMID: 29308140 PMCID: PMC5645729 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00163c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of the charge distribution in a monolayer of switchable cobalt-dioxolene complexes undergoing Valence Tautomerism (VT) has been achieved by means of thermal and optical stimuli. Thiol-derivatised VT molecules have been grafted on polycrystalline gold surface as monolayers from solution. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ions mass spectrometry evidenced the formation of a covalent bond between intact VT molecules and the surface and excluded the presence of physisorbed molecules. X-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed that the temperature- and light-induced conversion profiles of the monolayer closely reproduce the ones found for the crystalline phase. This study demonstrates that a wet chemistry based approach allows to transfer switchable paramagnetic molecules at the nanoscale, widening the playground to develop new hybrid molecular based architectures for novel technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Poneti
- University of Florence , Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Florence , via della Lastruccia 3-13 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy . ; ; ; Tel: +39 055 4573269
- "Guglielmo Marconi" University , Department of Applied Science and Technology , via Plinio 44 , 00193 Roma , Italy
| | - Lorenzo Poggini
- University of Florence , Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Florence , via della Lastruccia 3-13 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy . ; ; ; Tel: +39 055 4573269
| | - Matteo Mannini
- University of Florence , Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Florence , via della Lastruccia 3-13 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy . ; ; ; Tel: +39 055 4573269
| | - Brunetto Cortigiani
- University of Florence , Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Florence , via della Lastruccia 3-13 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy . ; ; ; Tel: +39 055 4573269
| | - Lorenzo Sorace
- University of Florence , Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Florence , via della Lastruccia 3-13 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy . ; ; ; Tel: +39 055 4573269
| | - Edwige Otero
- Synchrotron SOLEIL , BP 48 91192 Gif-Sur-Yvette , France
| | - Philippe Sainctavit
- Institut de Minéralogie , de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie , UMR7590 CNRS , Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6) , 4 place Jussieu , 75252 Paris , France
| | - Agnese Magnani
- University of Siena , Department of Biotechnologies , Chemistry and Pharmacy , INSTM Research Unit of Siena , Via A. Moro 2 , 53100 Siena , Italy
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- University of Florence , Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Florence , via della Lastruccia 3-13 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy . ; ; ; Tel: +39 055 4573269
| | - Andrea Dei
- University of Florence , Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and INSTM Research Unit of Florence , via della Lastruccia 3-13 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy . ; ; ; Tel: +39 055 4573269
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49
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Kulmaczewski R, Shepherd HJ, Cespedes O, Halcrow MA. A Homologous Series of [Fe(H2Bpz2)2(L)] Spin-Crossover Complexes with Annelated Bipyridyl Co-Ligands. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:9809-17. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501402q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Kulmaczewski
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Helena J. Shepherd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Oscar Cespedes
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, E. C. Stoner Building, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Malcolm A. Halcrow
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
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