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Tian Z, Wang X, Chen J. On-chip dielectrophoretic single-cell manipulation. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:117. [PMID: 39187499 PMCID: PMC11347631 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00750-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Bioanalysis at a single-cell level has yielded unparalleled insight into the heterogeneity of complex biological samples. Combined with Lab-on-a-Chip concepts, various simultaneous and high-frequency techniques and microfluidic platforms have led to the development of high-throughput platforms for single-cell analysis. Dielectrophoresis (DEP), an electrical approach based on the dielectric property of target cells, makes it possible to efficiently manipulate individual cells without labeling. This review focusses on the engineering designs of recent advanced microfluidic designs that utilize DEP techniques for multiple single-cell analyses. On-chip DEP is primarily effectuated by the induced dipole of dielectric particles, (i.e., cells) in a non-uniform electric field. In addition to simply capturing and releasing particles, DEP can also aid in more complex manipulations, such as rotation and moving along arbitrary predefined routes for numerous applications. Correspondingly, DEP electrodes can be designed with different patterns to achieve different geometric boundaries of the electric fields. Since many single-cell analyses require isolation and compartmentalization of individual cells, specific microstructures can also be incorporated into DEP devices. This article discusses common electrical and physical designs of single-cell DEP microfluidic devices as well as different categories of electrodes and microstructures. In addition, an up-to-date summary of achievements and challenges in current designs, together with prospects for future design direction, is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuyuan Tian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xihua Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada.
- Academy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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2
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Kou J, Shen J, Wang Z, Yu W. Advances in hybridoma preparation using electrofusion technology. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2200428. [PMID: 37402172 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202200428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
As a rapidly developing cell engineering technique, cell electrofusion has been increasingly applied in the field of hybridoma preparation in recent years. However, it is difficult to completely replace the polyethylene glycol-mediated cell fusion using electrofusion due to the high operation requirements, high cost of electrofusion instruments, and lack of prior reference research work. The key elements limiting electrofusion in the field of hybridoma preparation also introduce practical complications, such as the use/choice of electrofusion instruments, setup/optimization of electrical parameters, and precise control of cells. This review summarizes the state of the art of cell electrofusion in hybridoma preparation based on recent published literature, mainly focusing on electrofusion instruments and their components, process control and characterization, and cell treatment. It also provides new information and insightful commentary critically important for further electrofusion development in the field of hybridoma preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqian Kou
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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3
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Chen X, Liu S, Shen M, Gao Z, Hu S, Zhao Y. Dielectrophoretic assembly and separation of particles and cells in continuous flow. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:4485-4493. [PMID: 37610139 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00666b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoretic (DEP) separation has been recognized as a practical tool in the separation of cells and particles for clinical diagnosis, the pharmaceutical industry and environmental monitoring. Assembly of particles and cells under DEP force is a common phenomenon and has an influence on their separation but has not been understood fully. Encouraged by these aspects, we developed a microfluidic device with a bipolar electrode array to investigate the assembly and separation of particles and cells at a large scale. First, we studied the assembly and evolution mechanisms of particles of one type under an AC electric field. Then, we investigated the interaction and assembly of multiple particles with dissimilar properties under DEP force. Depending on the development of microfluidic devices, we visualize the assembly process of yeast cells at the electrode rims and of polystyrene particles at the channel centers, and explore the influence of pearl chain formation on their separation. With increasing flow velocity from 288 to 720 μL h-1, the purity of 5 μm polystyrene particles surpasses 94.9%. Furthermore, we studied the DEP response of Scenedesmus sp. and C. vulgaris, and explored the influence of cell chains on the isolation of C. vulgaris. The purity of Scenedesmus sp. and C. vulgaris witnessed a decrease from 95.7% to 90.8% when the flow rate increased from 288 to 864 μL h-1. Finally, we investigated the extension of the electric field under chains of Oocystis sp. at the electrode rims by studying chain formation and capture of C. vulgaris, and studied its effect on cell chain length, recovered cell purity and cell concentration. When chains of Oocystis sp. were formed, the purity of C. vulgaris kept unchanged and the concentration decreased from 2793 cells per μL to 2039 cells per μL. This work demonstrates continuous DEP-based assembly and separation of particles and cells, which facilitates high-efficiency isolation of targeted cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Chen
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Shun Liu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Mo Shen
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
| | - Sheng Hu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
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Utagawa Y, Ino K, Hiramoto K, Shiku H. Simple, Rapid, and Large-Scale Fabrication of Multi-Branched Hydrogels Based on Viscous Fingering for Cell Culture Applications. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300069. [PMID: 37055930 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are widely used in cell culture applications. For fabricating tissues and organs, it is essential to produce hydrogels with specific structures. For instance, multiple-branched hydrogels are desirable for the development of network architectures that resemble the biological vascular network. However, existing techniques are inefficient and time-consuming for this application. To address this issue, a simple, rapid, and large-scale fabrication method based on viscous fingering is proposed. This approach utilizes only two plates. To produce a thin solution, a high-viscosity solution is introduced into the space between the plates, and one of the plates is peeled off. During this procedure, the solution's high viscosity results in the formation of multi-branched structures. Using this strategy, 180 mm × 200 mm multi-branched Pluronic F-127 hydrogels are successfully fabricated within 1 min. These structures are used as sacrificial layers for the fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane channels for culturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Similarly, multi-branched Matrigel and calcium (Ca)-alginate hydrogel structures are fabricated, and HUVECs are successfully cultured inside the hydrogels. Also, the hydrogels are collected from the plate, while maintaining their structures. The proposed fabrication technique will contribute to the development of network architectures such as vascular structures in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Utagawa
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kaoru Hiramoto
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
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Mou Q, Bai Y, Xu M, Lv D, Deng J, Hu N, Yang J. Microarray Chip and Method for Simultaneous and Highly Consistent Electroporation of Multiple Cells of Different Sizes. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37230941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cell electroporation is an important cell manipulation technology to artificially transfer specific extracellular components into cells. However, the consistency of substance transport during the electroporation process is still an issue due to the wide size distribution of the natural cells. In this study, a cell electroporation microfluidic chip based on a microtrap array is proposed. The microtrap structure was optimized for single-cell capture and electric field focusing. The effects of the cell size on the cell electroporation in the microchip were investigated through simulation and experiment methods using the giant unilamellar vesicle as the simplified cell model, and a numerical model of a uniform electric field was used as a comparison. Compared with the uniform electric field, a lower threshold electric field is required to induce electroporation and produces a higher transmembrane voltage on the cell under a specific electric field in the microchip, showing an improvement in cell viability and electroporation efficiency. The larger perforated area produced on the cells in the microchip under a specific electric field allows a higher substance transfer efficiency, and the electroporation results are less affected by the cell size, which is beneficial for improving substance transfer consistency. Furthermore, the relative perforation area increases with the decrease of the cell diameter in the microchip, which is exactly opposite to that in a uniform electric field. By manipulating the electric field applied to the microtrap individually, a consistent proportion of substance transfer during electroporation of cells with different sizes can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyao Mou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yaqi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Mengli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Dan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jinan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ning Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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6
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Xu H, Ye BC. Integrated microfluidic platforms for tumor-derived exosome analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Wu M, Ke Q, Bi J, Li X, Huang S, Liu Z, Ge L. Substantially Improved Electrofusion Efficiency of Hybridoma Cells: Based on the Combination of Nanosecond and Microsecond Pulses. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9090450. [PMID: 36134996 PMCID: PMC9495357 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As the initial antibody technology, the preparation of hybridoma cells has been widely used in discovering antibody drugs and is still in use. Various antibody drugs obtained through this technology have been approved for treating human diseases. However, the key to producing hybridoma cells is efficient cell fusion. High-voltage microsecond pulsed electric fields (μsHVPEFs) are currently one of the most common methods used for cell electrofusion. Nevertheless, the membrane potential induced by the external microsecond pulse is proportional to the diameter of the cell, making it difficult to fuse cells of different sizes. Although nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) can achieve the fusion of cells of different sizes, due to the limitation of pore size, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) cannot efficiently pass through the cell pores produced by nsPEFs. This directly causes the significant loss of the target gene and reduces the proportion of positive cells after fusion. To achieve an electric field environment independent of cell size and enable efficient cell fusion, we propose a combination of nanosecond pulsed electric fields and low-voltage microsecond pulsed electric fields (ns/μsLVPEFs) to balance the advantages and disadvantages of the two techniques. The results of fluorescence experiments and hybridoma culture experiments showed that after lymphocytes and myeloma cells were stimulated by a pulse (ns/μsLVPEF, μsHVPEF, and control), compared with μsHVPEF, applying ns/μsLVPEF at the same energy could increase the cell fusion efficiency by 1.5–3.0 times. Thus far, we have combined nanosecond and microsecond pulses and provided a practical solution that can significantly increase cell fusion efficiency. This efficient cell fusion method may contribute to the further development of hybridoma technology in electrofusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Qiang Ke
- Nanjing Research Institute of Electronics Technology, Nanjing 210039, China
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
- Correspondence: (Q.K.); (Z.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Jinhao Bi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Xinhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shuheng Huang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Zuohua Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China
- Correspondence: (Q.K.); (Z.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Liangpeng Ge
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China
- Correspondence: (Q.K.); (Z.L.); (L.G.)
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8
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Hata M, Suzuki M, Yasukawa T. Selective retrieval of antibody-secreting hybridomas in cell arrays based on the dielectrophoresis. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 209:114250. [PMID: 35395585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A cascade of the formation of cell arrays, the discrimination of cells secreting specific molecules, and the selective retrieval of cells has been developed to harvest antibody-secreting hybridomas in heterogeneous cell populations simply and rapidly. The microwell array device consisted of three-dimensional microband electrodes by assembling both upper and lower substrates perpendicularly. Arrays of hybridomas secreting specific antibodies were prepared by aligning hybridomas in each microwell based on the attractive force of positive dielectrophoresis (p-DEP). Antibody secreted by the hybridomas in the microwells was recognized by the antigen immobilized on the microwells or the membrane surfaces of hybridomas to discriminate hybridomas with the secretion ability. Thereafter, a repulsive force of negative dielectrophoresis (n-DEP) was applied to release the target hybridomas from the microwell array. To harvest the target hybridoma, AC signals could be modulated in the n-DEP frequency region and applied to a pair of microband electrodes located above and below each microwell containing target hybridoma. Thus, the cell-based array system described in this study allowed selective retrieval of single target hybridomas by merely switching from p-DEP to n-DEP after selecting the antibody-secreting hybridomas trapped in each microwell. The development of this high-affinity device could be useful to recover hybridomas producing antibodies in large populations of cells rapidly and effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Hata
- Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| | - Masato Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yasukawa
- Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan.
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9
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Electrofusion of cells with different diameters by generating asymmetrical electric field in the microwell array. ANAL SCI 2022; 38:235-239. [DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00072-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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10
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Yamaguchi S, Chujo K, Ohashi N, Minamihata K, Nagamune T. Photo‐Degradable Protein‐Polymer Hybrid Shells for Caging Living Cells. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202103941. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153–8904 Japan
| | - Kazuki Chujo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113–8656 Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ohashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113–8656 Japan
| | - Kosuke Minamihata
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka Fukuoka 819–0395 Japan
| | - Teruyuki Nagamune
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113–8656 Japan
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Zhang H, Rong G, Bian S, Sawan M. Lab-on-Chip Microsystems for Ex Vivo Network of Neurons Studies: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:841389. [PMID: 35252149 PMCID: PMC8888888 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.841389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing population is suffering from neurological disorders nowadays, with no effective therapy available to treat them. Explicit knowledge of network of neurons (NoN) in the human brain is key to understanding the pathology of neurological diseases. Research in NoN developed slower than expected due to the complexity of the human brain and the ethical considerations for in vivo studies. However, advances in nanomaterials and micro-/nano-microfabrication have opened up the chances for a deeper understanding of NoN ex vivo, one step closer to in vivo studies. This review therefore summarizes the latest advances in lab-on-chip microsystems for ex vivo NoN studies by focusing on the advanced materials, techniques, and models for ex vivo NoN studies. The essential methods for constructing lab-on-chip models are microfluidics and microelectrode arrays. Through combination with functional biomaterials and biocompatible materials, the microfluidics and microelectrode arrays enable the development of various models for ex vivo NoN studies. This review also includes the state-of-the-art brain slide and organoid-on-chip models. The end of this review discusses the previous issues and future perspectives for NoN studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sumin Bian
- CenBRAIN Lab, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mohamad Sawan
- CenBRAIN Lab, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
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Ding L, Yang X, Gao Z, Effah CY, Zhang X, Wu Y, Qu L. A Holistic Review of the State-of-the-Art Microfluidics for Exosome Separation: An Overview of the Current Status, Existing Obstacles, and Future Outlook. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007174. [PMID: 34047052 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes, a class of small extracellular vesicles (30-150 nm), are secreted by almost all types of cells into virtually all body fluids. These small vesicles are attracting increasing research attention owing to their potential for disease diagnosis and therapy. However, their inherent heterogeneity and the complexity of bio-fluids pose significant challenges for their isolation. Even the "gold standard," differential centrifugation, suffers from poor yields and is time-consuming. In this context, recent developments in microfluidic technologies have provided an ideal system for exosome extraction and these devices exhibit some fascinating properties such as high speeds, good portability, and low sample volumes. In this review, the focus is on the state-of-the-art microfluidic technologies for exosome isolation and highlight potential directions for future research and development by analyzing the challenges faced by the current strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Ding
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zibo Gao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Clement Yaw Effah
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lingbo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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Hata M, Suzuki M, Yasukawa T. Selective Trapping and Retrieval of Single Cells Using Microwell Array Devices Combined with Dielectrophoresis. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:803-806. [PMID: 33952862 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.21c002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We proposed selective manipulation techniques for retrieving and retaining target cells arrayed in microwells based on dielectrophoresis (DEP). The upper substrate with microband electrodes was mounted on the lower substrate with microwells based on the same design of microband electrodes by 90 degree relative to the lower substrate. A repulsive force of negative dielectrophoresis (n-DEP) was employed to retrieve the target cells from the microwell array selectively. Furthermore, the target cells were retained in the microwells after other cells were removed by n-DEP. Thus, the system described in this study could make it possible to retrieve and recover single target cells from a microwell array after determining the function of cells trapped in each microwell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Hata
- Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo
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14
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Desalvo A, Bateman F, James E, Morgan H, Elliott T. Time-resolved microwell cell-pairing array reveals multiple T cell activation profiles. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:3772-3783. [PMID: 32902549 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00628a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The differences in behaviour between individual cells in a large population are often important, yet are masked in bulk analyses where only average parameters are measured. One unresolved question in the field of immunology is the extent to which important immunological phenomena such as immunodominance to cancer antigens correlates with the average activity of a population of antigen-specific T lymphocytes, or with the activity of individual "outlier" cells. Despite progress in single cell technologies, few platforms are available that can deliver time-resolved, functional analysis at single cell resolution, for these investigations. We have developed an accessible high-throughput platform to measure single T cell signalling in real time following time-controlled stimulation by live antigen presenting cells. The cell-trap array consists of thousands of individual microwells cast in an agarose block, which is biocompatible and permeable to nutrients. Single T cells are isolated in wells via passive sedimentation and size exclusion, achieving up to 90% occupancy. The device enables simultaneous activation of thousands of single CD8+ cells. Stimulation with soluble reagents (ionomycin, anti-CD3 antibodies) or antigen presenting cells leads to changes in intracellular calcium concentrations which were measured using calcium-chelating fluorophore dyes. The platform was used to demonstrate a range of activation profiles among individual cells of a cloned, antigen specific CD8+ T cell hybridoma in response to both nonspecific stimuli and specific, physiologically relevant antigen stimulation. The presence of two different activation profiles was demonstrated, together with rare outlier behaviour among cells that are essentially clonal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Desalvo
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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Bai Z, Deng Y, Kim D, Chen Z, Xiao Y, Fan R. An Integrated Dielectrophoresis-Trapping and Nanowell Transfer Approach to Enable Double-Sub-Poisson Single-Cell RNA Sequencing. ACS NANO 2020; 14:7412-7424. [PMID: 32437127 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c02953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Current technologies for high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) are based upon stochastic pairing of cells and barcoded beads in nanoliter droplets or wells. They are limited by the mathematical principle of the Poisson statistics such that the utilization of either cells or beads or both is no more than ∼33%. Despite the versatile design of microfluidics or microwells for high-yield loading of beads that beats the Poisson limit, subsequent encapsulation of single cells is still determined by stochastic pairing, representing a fundamental limitation in the field of single-cell sequencing. Here, we present dTNT-seq, an integrated dielectrophoresis (DEP)-trapping-nanowell-transfer (dTNT) approach to perform cell trapping and bead loading both in a sub-Poisson manner to facilitate scRNA-seq. A larger-sized 50 μm microwell array was prealigned precisely on top of the 20 μm DEP nanowell array such that single cells trapped by DEP can be readily transferred into the underneath larger wells by flipping the device, followed by subsequent hydrodynamic bead loading and coisolation with transferred single cells. Using a dTNT device composed of 3600 electroactive DEP-nanowell units, we demonstrated a single-cell trapping rate of 91.84%, a transfer efficiency of 82%, and a routine bead loading rate of >99%, which breaks the Poisson limit for the capture of both cells and beads, thus called double-sub-Poisson distribution, prior to encapsulating them in nanoliter wells for cellular mRNA barcoding. This approach was applied to human (HEK) and mouse (3T3) cells. Comparison with a non-DEP-based method through gene expression clustering and regulatory pathway analysis demonstrates consistent patterns and negligible alternation of cellular transcriptional states by DEP. We envision the dTNT-seq device can be modified for studying cell-cell interactions and enable other applications requiring active manipulation of single cells prior to transcriptome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Bai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanxiang Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Dongjoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Yale Stem Cell Center and Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Human and Translational Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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16
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Seven F, Gölcez T, Yaralı ZB, Onak G, Karaman O, Şen M. Guiding neural extensions of PC12 cells on carbon nanotube tracks dielectrophoretically formed in poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate. RSC Adv 2020; 10:26120-26125. [PMID: 35519760 PMCID: PMC9055325 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04496b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The PC12 cell line has been widely used as an in vitro model for studying neuronal differentiation and identifying the factors affecting the process. It has the ability to differentiate in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF), resulting in neural extensions called dendrites and axons. In this study, first the impact of randomly distributed multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) on PC12 cell differentiation was investigated in terms of neurite length, number of neurite per cell and differentiation marker gene expression profile. Then, dielectrophoretically aligned MWCNTs in PEGDMA was used to guide and support the neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells in the presence of NGF. The method is expected to be useful in revealing the nanotopographical role in fundamental studies and understanding of nanotopographical effects for biomedical applications on nerve regeneration. A schematic illustration of the strategy used to create a microenvironment consisting of micropatterns and CNT tracks. The new microenvironment allowed roughly positioning of PC12 cells and guidance of neural extensions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikri Seven
- Izmir Katip Celebi University
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences
- Department of Biomedical Technologies/Master of Science
- Izmir
- Turkey
| | - Tansu Gölcez
- Izmir Katip Celebi University
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences
- Department of Biomedical Technologies/Master of Science
- Izmir
- Turkey
| | - Ziyşan Buse Yaralı
- Izmir Katip Celebi University
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences
- Biomedical Test, Calibration
- Application and Research Center
- Izmir
| | - Günnur Onak
- Izmir Katip Celebi University
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences
- Biomedical Test, Calibration
- Application and Research Center
- Izmir
| | - Ozan Karaman
- Izmir Katip Celebi University
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture
- Biomedical Engineering
- Izmir
- Turkey
| | - Mustafa Şen
- Izmir Katip Celebi University
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture
- Biomedical Engineering
- Izmir
- Turkey
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17
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18
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He W, Huang L, Feng Y, Liang F, Ding W, Wang W. Highly integrated microfluidic device for cell pairing, fusion and culture. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2019; 13:054109. [PMID: 31893009 PMCID: PMC6932852 DOI: 10.1063/1.5124705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we proposed a microfluidic device with compact structures integrating multiple modalities for cell capture, pairing, fusion, and culture. The microfluidic device is composed of upper and lower parts. The lower part configured with electrodes and capture wells is used for cell trapping/pairing/fusion, while the upper part configured with corresponding culture wells is used for cell culture. Dielectrophoresis is used to enable accurate cell trapping and pairing in capture wells. Moreover, the paired cells are fused flexibly by either electrical pulses or polyethylene glycol (PEG) buffer. The fused cells are then transferred to culture wells for on-chip culture simply by flipping the device. Using the device and HeLa cells, we demonstrated pairing efficiency of ∼78% and fusion efficiencies of ∼ 26% for electrical fusion or ∼ 21% for PEG fusion, and successful cell proliferation and migration after 72 h on-chip culture. We believe that this multifunction-integrated but structure-simplified microfluidic device would largely facilitate cell fusion oriented tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liang Huang
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yongxiang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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19
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Yu L, Li J, Minami I, Qu X, Miyagawa S, Fujimoto N, Hasegawa K, Chen Y, Sawa Y, Kotera H, Liu L. Clonal Isolation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells on Nanofibrous Substrates Reveals an Advanced Subclone for Cardiomyocyte Differentiation. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900165. [PMID: 31087474 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have been widely used for various applications including disease modeling and regenerative medicine, among others. Recently, an increasing number of studies has focused on heterogeneity among hPSCs, which could affect cell quality and subsequent applications. In this study, a nanofibrous platform is developed for single human induced pluripotent stem cell isolation and culture. One type of single cell-derived subclone is established and found to have a distinct morphology compared to other subclones. When used for differentiation toward cardiomyocytes, this type of subclone demonstrates higher differentiation efficiency, increased maturation, and stronger beating compared to those derived from the other subclones. The findings provide a convenient method for single-cell isolation and culture, and demonstrate that variations in differentiation tendencies exist among subclones from the same cell line. This substrate adhesion-based selection process could be used to obtain cell lines with improved differentiation efficiency toward cardiomyocytes and other cell types, which would be advantageous for studies in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leqian Yu
- Institutes for Integrated Cell‐Material Sciences (WPI‐iCeMS)Kyoto University Kyoto 606‐8501 Japan
- Department of Micro EngineeringKyoto University Kyoto 615‐8540 Japan
| | - Junjun Li
- Institutes for Integrated Cell‐Material Sciences (WPI‐iCeMS)Kyoto University Kyoto 606‐8501 Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryOsaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka 565‐0871 Japan
| | - Itsunari Minami
- Department of Cell Design for Tissue ConstructionFaculty of MedicineOsaka University Osaka 565‐0871 Japan
| | - Xiang Qu
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryOsaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka 565‐0871 Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryOsaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka 565‐0871 Japan
| | - Nanae Fujimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryOsaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka 565‐0871 Japan
| | - Kouichi Hasegawa
- Institutes for Integrated Cell‐Material Sciences (WPI‐iCeMS)Kyoto University Kyoto 606‐8501 Japan
| | - Yong Chen
- Institutes for Integrated Cell‐Material Sciences (WPI‐iCeMS)Kyoto University Kyoto 606‐8501 Japan
- PASTEURDépartement de chimieécole normale supérieurePSL Research UniversitySorbonne UniversitésUPMC Université Paris 06 CNRS Paris 75005 France
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryOsaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka 565‐0871 Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Kotera
- Institutes for Integrated Cell‐Material Sciences (WPI‐iCeMS)Kyoto University Kyoto 606‐8501 Japan
- Department of Micro EngineeringKyoto University Kyoto 615‐8540 Japan
| | - Li Liu
- Institutes for Integrated Cell‐Material Sciences (WPI‐iCeMS)Kyoto University Kyoto 606‐8501 Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryOsaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka 565‐0871 Japan
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20
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Hiramoto K, Ino K, Nashimoto Y, Ito K, Shiku H. Electric and Electrochemical Microfluidic Devices for Cell Analysis. Front Chem 2019; 7:396. [PMID: 31214576 PMCID: PMC6557978 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic devices are widely used for cell analysis, including applications for single-cell analysis, healthcare, environmental monitoring, and organs-on-a-chip that mimic organs in microfluidics. Moreover, to enable high-throughput cell analysis, real-time monitoring, and non-invasive cell assays, electric and electrochemical systems have been incorporated into microfluidic devices. In this mini-review, we summarize recent advances in these systems, with applications from single cells to three-dimensional cultured cells and organs-on-a-chip. First, we summarize microfluidic devices combined with dielectrophoresis, electrophoresis, and electrowetting-on-a-dielectric for cell manipulation. Next, we review electric and electrochemical assays of cells to determine chemical section activity, and oxygen and glucose consumption activity, among other applications. In addition, we discuss recent devices designed for the electric and electrochemical collection of cell components from cells. Finally, we highlight the future directions of research in this field and their application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Hiramoto
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuji Nashimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ito
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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21
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Zheng T, Zhang Z, Zhu R. Flexible Trapping and Manipulation of Single Cells on a Chip by Modulating Phases and Amplitudes of Electrical Signals Applied onto Microelectrodes. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4479-4487. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement
Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhizhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement
Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement
Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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22
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Okayama H, Tomita M, Suzuki M, Yasukawa T. Rapid Formation of Arrayed Cells on an Electrode with Microwells by a Scanning Electrode Based on Positive Dielectrophoresis. ANAL SCI 2019; 35:701-704. [PMID: 30773512 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19n002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a simple and rapid formation of a cell-based array on microwell array electrodes by an attractive force of positive dielectrophoresis (p-DEP), even after removing an upper disk electrode stick that was used as a counter electrode to the microwell array electrodes. The attractive force of p-DEP generated by the scanning of the disk electrode allows the formation of a cell-based array on all microwell arrays. We demonstrated an exploration of target cells spiked with a low ratio after removing the disk electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Okayama
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo
| | - Masahiro Tomita
- Division of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University
| | - Masato Suzuki
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo
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23
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Chen J, Xu Y, Wang X, Liu D, Yang F, Zhu X, Lu Y, Xing W. Rapid and efficient isolation and detection of extracellular vesicles from plasma for lung cancer diagnosis. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:432-443. [PMID: 30604797 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01193a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived nanoscale vesicles that provide promising biomarkers for the non-invasive diagnosis of cancer because they carry important cancer-related DNA, RNA and protein biomarkers. However, the clinical application of EVs is limited by tedious and non-standardized isolation methods that require bulky instrumentation. Here, we propose an easy-to-operate, simple dielectrophoretic (DEP) method for EV isolation with higher recovery efficiency (>83%) and higher purity than ultracentrifugation (UC). The DEP chip reduces the isolation procedure from 8 h to 30 min. To facilitate subsequent analysis, our DEP chip achieved integration of EV isolation and in situ lysis of EVs for the first time. Our chip also achieved on-chip siRNA delivery to EVs isolated by DEP. We found that EVs isolated from the plasma of lung cancer patients contained higher levels of miR-21, miR-191 and miR-192 compared to those from healthy people. With on-chip detection, EGFR in EVs could distinguish lung cancer patients from healthy people. Overall, this study provides an efficient and practical approach to the isolation and detection of EVs, which could be used for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junge Chen
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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24
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Dalili A, Samiei E, Hoorfar M. A review of sorting, separation and isolation of cells and microbeads for biomedical applications: microfluidic approaches. Analyst 2019; 144:87-113. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an01061g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We have reviewed the microfluidic approaches for cell/particle isolation and sorting, and extensively explained the mechanism behind each method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Dalili
- The University of British
- School of Engineering
- Kelowna
- Canada V1 V 1 V7
| | - Ehsan Samiei
- University of Victoria
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Victoria
- Canada
| | - Mina Hoorfar
- The University of British
- School of Engineering
- Kelowna
- Canada V1 V 1 V7
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25
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Alam MK, Koomson E, Zou H, Yi C, Li CW, Xu T, Yang M. Recent advances in microfluidic technology for manipulation and analysis of biological cells (2007–2017). Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1044:29-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Microfluidic dielectrophoretic cell manipulation towards stable cell contact assemblies. Biomed Microdevices 2018; 20:95. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-018-0341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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27
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Elucidating the mechanism governing cell rotation under DEP using the volumetric polarization and integration method. Biomed Microdevices 2018; 20:81. [PMID: 30196336 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-018-0327-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cell rotation can be achieved by utilizing rotating electric fields through which torques are generated due to phase difference between the dipole moment of cells and the external electric field. While reports of cell rotation under non-rotating electrical fields, such as dielectrophoresis (DEP), are abound, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Because of this, contradicting arguments remain regarding if a single cell can rotate under conventional DEP. What's more, the current prevailing DEP theory is not adequate for identifying the cause for such disagreements. In this work we applied our recently developed Volumetric Polarization and Integration (VPI) method to investigate the possible causes for cell rotation under conventional DEP. Three-dimensional (3D) computer models dealing with a cell in a DEP environment were developed to quantify the force and torque imparted on the cell by the external DEP field using COMSOL Multiphysics software. Modeling results suggest that eccentric inclusions with low conductivity inside the cell will generate torques (either in clockwise or counter-clockwise directions) sufficient to cause cell rotation under DEP. For validation of modeling predictions, experiments with rat adipose stem cells containing large lipid droplets were conducted. Good agreement between our modeling and experimental results suggests that the VPI method is powerful in elucidating the underlying mechanisms governing the complicated DEP phenomena.
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Miyakawa S, Uesugi K, Morishima K. A Closed System for Pico-Liter Order Substance Transport from a Giant Liposome to a Cell. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:mi9070331. [PMID: 30424264 PMCID: PMC6082288 DOI: 10.3390/mi9070331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In single cell analysis, transport of foreign substances into a cell is an important technique. In particular, for accurate analysis, a method to transport a small amount (pico-liter order) of substance into the cell without leakage while retaining the cell shape is essential. Because the fusion of the cell and the giant liposome is a closed system to the outside, it may be possible to transport a precise, small amount of substances into the cell. Additionally, there is no possibility that a leaked substance would affect other systems. To develop the liposome-cell transportation system, knowledge about the behavior of substances in the liposome and the cell is important. However, only a few studies have observed the substance transport between a liposome and a cell. Here, we report observation of small amount of substance transport into a single C2C12 cell by using a giant liposome. Substance transport occurred by electrofusion between the cell and the giant liposome containing the substance, which is a closed system. First, to observe the electrofusion and substance transport from the moment of voltage application, we fabricated a microfluidic device equipped with electrodes. We introduced suspensions of cells and liposomes into the microfluidic device and applied alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) voltages for electrofusion. We observed a small amount (22.4 ± 0.1%, 10.3 ± 0.4% and 9.1 ± 0.1%) of fluorescent substance (Calcein) contained in the liposomes was transported into the cell without leakage outside the cell, and we obtained the diffusion coefficient of Calcein in the cell as 137 ± 18 μm2/s. We anticipate that this system and the knowledge acquired will contribute to future realization of more accurate single cell analysis in a wide range of fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Miyakawa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Kaoru Uesugi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Morishima
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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29
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30
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Huang L, Chen Y, Huang W, Wu H. Cell pairing and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated cell fusion using two-step centrifugation-assisted single-cell trapping (CAScT). LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:1113-1120. [PMID: 29536068 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc01131h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Here a convenient and effective strategy of two-step centrifugation-assisted single-cell trapping (CAScT) based on an addressable truncated cone-shaped microwell array (TCMA) chip is developed for cell pairing. We describe the operation principles of the method and demonstrate its compatibility with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated cell fusion. Compared with other methods, most of which rely on sophisticated devices and bulky subsidiary equipment, our method is more convenient and exhibits better or comparable performance. Using this method, up to around 6000 heterotypic cell pairs can be formed and addressed within a small area of 1 cm2. The paired cells are then treated with fusogenic PEG for cell fusion. Compared with traditional protocols, cell fusion using this approach is well defined with better control, which leads to an improved yield of heterotypic binucleated hybrids. Furthermore, we demonstrate the capability of our device for long-term cell culture and cell harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Huang
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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31
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Kamiya K, Abe Y, Inoue K, Osaki T, Kawano R, Miki N, Takeuchi S. Well-Controlled Cell-Trapping Systems for Investigating Heterogeneous Cell-Cell Interactions. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701208. [PMID: 29369539 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic systems have been developed for patterning single cells to study cell-cell interactions. However, patterning multiple types of cells to understand heterogeneous cell-cell interactions remains difficult. Here, it is aimed to develop a cell-trapping device to assemble multiple types of cells in the well-controlled order and morphology. This device mainly comprises a parylene sheet for assembling cells and a microcomb for controlling the cell-trapping area. The cell-trapping area is controlled by moving the parylene sheet on an SU-8 microcomb using tweezers. Gentle downward flow is used as a driving force for the cell-trapping. The assembly of cells on a parylene sheet with round and line-shaped apertures is demonstrated. The cell-cell contacts of the trapped cells are then investigated by direct cell-cell transfer of calcein via connexin nanopores. Finally, using the device with a system for controlling the cell-trapping area, three different types of cells in the well-controlled order are assembled. The correct cell order rate obtained using the device is 27.9%, which is higher than that obtained without the sliding parylene system (0.74%). Furthermore, the occurrence of cell-cell contact between the three cell types assembled is verified. This cell-patterning device will be a useful tool for investigating heterogeneous cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kamiya
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology KSP EAST 303, 3‐2‐1, Sakado Takatsu‐ku, Kawasaki Kanagawa 213‐0012 Japan
| | - Yuta Abe
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology KSP EAST 303, 3‐2‐1, Sakado Takatsu‐ku, Kawasaki Kanagawa 213‐0012 Japan
- School of Integrated Design Engineering Keio University 3‐14‐1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku‐ku Yokohama Kanagawa 223‐8522 Japan
| | - Kosuke Inoue
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology KSP EAST 303, 3‐2‐1, Sakado Takatsu‐ku, Kawasaki Kanagawa 213‐0012 Japan
- School of Integrated Design Engineering Keio University 3‐14‐1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku‐ku Yokohama Kanagawa 223‐8522 Japan
| | - Toshihisa Osaki
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology KSP EAST 303, 3‐2‐1, Sakado Takatsu‐ku, Kawasaki Kanagawa 213‐0012 Japan
- Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo 4‐6‐1 Komaba Meguro‐ku Tokyo 153‐8505 Japan
| | - Ryuji Kawano
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology KSP EAST 303, 3‐2‐1, Sakado Takatsu‐ku, Kawasaki Kanagawa 213‐0012 Japan
| | - Norihisa Miki
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology KSP EAST 303, 3‐2‐1, Sakado Takatsu‐ku, Kawasaki Kanagawa 213‐0012 Japan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Keio University 3‐14‐1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku‐ku Yokohama Kanagawa 223‐8522 Japan
| | - Shoji Takeuchi
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology KSP EAST 303, 3‐2‐1, Sakado Takatsu‐ku, Kawasaki Kanagawa 213‐0012 Japan
- Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo 4‐6‐1 Komaba Meguro‐ku Tokyo 153‐8505 Japan
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32
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Messner JJ, Glenn HL, Meldrum DR. Laser-fabricated cell patterning stencil for single cell analysis. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:89. [PMID: 29258486 PMCID: PMC5735507 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0408-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise spatial positioning and isolation of mammalian cells is a critical component of many single cell experimental methods and biological engineering applications. Although a variety of cell patterning methods have been demonstrated, many of these methods subject cells to high stress environments, discriminate against certain phenotypes, or are a challenge to implement. Here, we demonstrate a rapid, simple, indiscriminate, and minimally perturbing cell patterning method using a laser fabricated polymer stencil. The stencil fabrication process requires no stencil-substrate alignment, and is readily adaptable to various substrate geometries and experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Honor L Glenn
- Biodesign Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Deirdre R Meldrum
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave., P.O. Box 877101, Tempe, AZ, 85287-7101, USA.
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Wu C, Chen R, Liu Y, Yu Z, Jiang Y, Cheng X. A planar dielectrophoresis-based chip for high-throughput cell pairing. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:4008-4014. [PMID: 29115319 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc01082f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the design and fabrication of a planar chip for high-throughput cell trapping and pairing (more than 2400 single cell-cell pairs in a microwell array) in a 1 × 1.5 cm area by positive dielectrophoresis (p-DEP) within only several minutes. The p-DEP was generated by applying an alternating current signal on a novel two-pair interdigitated array (TPIDA) electrode. The TPIDA electrode not only enabled the planar chip to be incorporated with a most often used PDMS microfluidic channel, but also contributed to a high single cell-cell pairing efficiency up to 74.2% by decreasing the induced electric field during consecutive p-DEP trapping of two cell types. Furthermore, the paired cells in each microwell could be "pushed" together into a microbaffle by a liquid flow through a capillary-sized channel, resulting in single cell-cell contact. More importantly, the planar chip could be used repeatedly by a simple water cleaning process. The planar chip offers an effective way for high-throughput single cell-cell pairing, which could provide a facile platform for cell communication and a precise cell pairing step in cell fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChunHui Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.
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Vu TQ, de Castro RMB, Qin L. Bridging the gap: microfluidic devices for short and long distance cell-cell communication. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1009-1023. [PMID: 28205652 PMCID: PMC5473339 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01367h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Cell-cell communication is a crucial component of many biological functions. For example, understanding how immune cells and cancer cells interact, both at the immunological synapse and through cytokine secretion, can help us understand and improve cancer immunotherapy. The study of how cells communicate and form synaptic connections is important in neuroscience, ophthalmology, and cancer research. But in order to increase our understanding of these cellular phenomena, better tools need to be developed that allow us to study cell-cell communication in a highly controlled manner. Some technical requirements for better communication studies include manipulating cells spatiotemporally, high resolution imaging, and integrating sensors. Microfluidics is a powerful platform that has the ability to address these requirements and other current limitations. In this review, we describe some new advances in microfluidic technologies that have provided researchers with novel methods to study intercellular communication. The advantages of microfluidics have allowed for new capabilities in both single cell-cell communication and population-based communication. This review highlights microfluidic communication devices categorized as "short distance", or primarily at the single cell level, and "long distance", which mostly encompasses population level studies. Future directions and translation/commercialization will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Quang Vu
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA and Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Ricardo Miguel Bessa de Castro
- College of Engineering, Swansea University Singleton Park, Swansea, UK and Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Lidong Qin
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
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35
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Huang L, Bian S, Cheng Y, Shi G, Liu P, Ye X, Wang W. Microfluidics cell sample preparation for analysis: Advances in efficient cell enrichment and precise single cell capture. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2017; 11:011501. [PMID: 28217240 PMCID: PMC5303167 DOI: 10.1063/1.4975666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Single cell analysis has received increasing attention recently in both academia and clinics, and there is an urgent need for effective upstream cell sample preparation. Two extremely challenging tasks in cell sample preparation-high-efficiency cell enrichment and precise single cell capture-have now entered into an era full of exciting technological advances, which are mostly enabled by microfluidics. In this review, we summarize the category of technologies that provide new solutions and creative insights into the two tasks of cell manipulation, with a focus on the latest development in the recent five years by highlighting the representative works. By doing so, we aim both to outline the framework and to showcase example applications of each task. In most cases for cell enrichment, we take circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as the target cells because of their research and clinical importance in cancer. For single cell capture, we review related technologies for many kinds of target cells because the technologies are supposed to be more universal to all cells rather than CTCs. Most of the mentioned technologies can be used for both cell enrichment and precise single cell capture. Each technology has its own advantages and specific challenges, which provide opportunities for researchers in their own area. Overall, these technologies have shown great promise and now evolve into real clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China
| | - Shengtai Bian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China
| | - Yinuo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China
| | - Guanya Shi
- Department of Automotive Engineering, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China
| | - Xiongying Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China
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36
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A Microfluidic Device for Hydrodynamic Trapping and Manipulation Platform of a Single Biological Cell. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/app6020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Khalili AA, Ahmad MR. Numerical Analysis of Hydrodynamic Flow in Microfluidic Biochip for Single-Cell Trapping Application. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:26770-85. [PMID: 26569218 PMCID: PMC4661846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161125987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell analysis has become the interest of a wide range of biological and biomedical engineering research. It could provide precise information on individual cells, leading to important knowledge regarding human diseases. To perform single-cell analysis, it is crucial to isolate the individual cells before further manipulation is carried out. Recently, microfluidic biochips have been widely used for cell trapping and single cell analysis, such as mechanical and electrical detection. This work focuses on developing a finite element simulation model of single-cell trapping system for any types of cells or particles based on the hydrodynamic flow resistance (Rh) manipulations in the main channel and trap channel to achieve successful trapping. Analysis is carried out using finite element ABAQUS-FEA™ software. A guideline to design and optimize single-cell trapping model is proposed and the example of a thorough optimization analysis is carried out using a yeast cell model. The results show the finite element model is able to trap a single cell inside the fluidic environment. Fluid's velocity profile and streamline plots for successful and unsuccessful single yeast cell trapping are presented according to the hydrodynamic concept. The single-cell trapping model can be a significant important guideline in designing a new chip for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Ahmad Khalili
- Department of Control and Mechatronic Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Ridzuan Ahmad
- Department of Control and Mechatronic Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia.
- Institute of Ibnu Sina, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia.
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Dura B, Voldman J. Spatially and temporally controlled immune cell interactions using microscale tools. Curr Opin Immunol 2015; 35:23-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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39
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INO K. Microchemistry- and MEMS-based Integrated Electrochemical Devices for Bioassay Applications. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.83.688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke INO
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University
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40
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Dielectrophoresis for bioparticle manipulation. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:18281-309. [PMID: 25310652 PMCID: PMC4227216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151018281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As an ideal method to manipulate biological particles, the dielectrophoresis (DEP) technique has been widely used in clinical diagnosis, disease treatment, drug development, immunoassays, cell sorting, etc. This review summarizes the research in the field of bioparticle manipulation based on DEP techniques. Firstly, the basic principle of DEP and its classical theories are introduced in brief; Secondly, a detailed introduction on the DEP technique used for bioparticle manipulation is presented, in which the applications are classified into five fields: capturing bioparticles to specific regions, focusing bioparticles in the sample, characterizing biomolecular interaction and detecting microorganism, pairing cells for electrofusion and separating different kinds of bioparticles; Thirdly, the effect of DEP on bioparticle viability is analyzed; Finally, the DEP techniques are summarized and future trends in bioparticle manipulation are suggested.
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41
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Avesar J, Arye TB, Levenberg S. Frontier microfluidic techniques for short and long-term single cell analysis. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:2161-7. [PMID: 24671389 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00013g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Here, we review the frontier microfluidic techniques for single cell analysis (SCA), which is important for research of many biological systems. Microfluidics provides high-throughput, high-resolution experiments at low cost and reagent use, making it especially useful for single cell analysis. Recent advancements in the field have made SCA more feasible, improving device throughput and resolution, adding capabilities, and combining different functions to bring forth new assays. Developments in incubation have allowed for long-term cell tracking assays to be performed with single cell resolution. The ability of systems to provide chemical isolation or prolonged growth of adherent cells is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Avesar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel 32000.
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42
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Yoshimura Y, Fujii C, Tomita M, Mizutani F, Yasukawa T. Array of Single-cell Pairs on a Microwell Array Based on Positive Dielectrophoresis. CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.140195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo
| | - Chiaki Fujii
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo
| | - Masahiro Tomita
- Division of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University
| | - Fumio Mizutani
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo
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43
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Shields CW, Livingston CE, Yellen BB, López GP, Murdoch DM. Magnetographic array for the capture and enumeration of single cells and cell pairs. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2014; 8:041101. [PMID: 25379081 PMCID: PMC4188346 DOI: 10.1063/1.4885840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple microchip device consisting of an overlaid pattern of micromagnets and microwells capable of capturing magnetically labeled cells into well-defined compartments (with accuracies >95%). Its flexible design permits the programmable deposition of single cells for their direct enumeration and pairs of cells for the detailed analysis of cell-cell interactions. This cell arraying device requires no external power and can be operated solely with permanent magnets. Large scale image analysis of cells captured in this array can yield valuable information (e.g., regarding various immune parameters such as the CD4:CD8 ratio) in a miniaturized and portable platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carissa E Livingston
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | | | | | - David M Murdoch
- Department of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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44
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Yoshimura Y, Tomita M, Mizutani F, Yasukawa T. Cell pairing using microwell array electrodes based on dielectrophoresis. Anal Chem 2014; 86:6818-22. [PMID: 24947270 DOI: 10.1021/ac5015996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a simple device with an array of 10,000 (100 × 100) microwells for producing vertical pairs of cells in individual microwells with a rapid manipulation based on positive dielectrophoresis (p-DEP). The areas encircled with micropoles which fabricated from an electrical insulating photosensitive polymer were used as microwells. The width (14 μm) and depth (25 μm) of the individual microwells restricted the size to two vertically aligned cells. The DEP device for the manipulation of cells consisted of a microfluidic channel with an upper indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and a lower microwell array electrode fabricated on an ITO substrate. Mouse myeloma cells stained in green were trapped within 1 s in the microwells by p-DEP by applying an alternating current voltage between the upper ITO and the lower microwell array electrode. The cells were retained inside the wells even after switching off the voltage and washing with a fluidic flow. Other myeloma cells stained in blue were then trapped in the microwells occupied by the cells stained in green to form the vertical cell pairing in the microwells. Cells stained in different colors were paired within only 1 min and a pairing efficiency of over 50% was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo , 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
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45
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