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Dai L, Liu L, Zhou Y, Yan A, Zhao M, Jin S, Ye G, Wang C. Three-Dimensional Manipulation of Micromodules Using Twin Optothermally Actuated Bubble Robots. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:230. [PMID: 38398959 PMCID: PMC10892707 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
A 3D manipulation technique based on two optothermally generated and actuated surface-bubble robots is proposed. A single laser beam can be divided into two parallel beams and used for the generation and motion control of twin bubbles. The movement and spacing control of the lasers and bubbles can be varied directly and rapidly. Both 2D and 3D operations of micromodules were carried out successfully using twin bubble robots. The cooperative manipulation of twin bubble robots is superior to that of a single robot in terms of stability, speed, and efficiency. The operational technique proposed in this study is expected to play an important role in tissue engineering, drug screening, and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Dai
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.D.); (L.L.); (A.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
| | - Lichao Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.D.); (L.L.); (A.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
| | - Yuting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
- Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Aofei Yan
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.D.); (L.L.); (A.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
| | - Mengran Zhao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.D.); (L.L.); (A.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
| | - Shaobo Jin
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.D.); (L.L.); (A.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
| | - Guoyong Ye
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.D.); (L.L.); (A.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
| | - Caidong Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.D.); (L.L.); (A.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
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2
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Nanomaterial-mediated photoporation for intracellular delivery. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:24-48. [PMID: 36584801 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Translocation of extrinsic molecules into living cells is becoming increasingly crucial in biological studies ranging from cell engineering to biomedical applications. The concerns regarding biosafety and immunogenicity for conventional vectors and physical methods yet challenge effective intracellular delivery. Here, we begin with an overview of approaches for trans-membrane delivery up to now. These methods are featured with a relatively mature application but usually encounter low cell survival. Our review then proposes an advanced application for nanomaterial-sensitized photoporation triggered with a laser. We cover the mechanisms, procedures, and outcomes of photoporation-induced intracellular delivery with a highlight on its versatility to different living cells. We hope the review discussed here encourages researchers to further improvement and applications for photoporation-induced intracellular delivery. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE.
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3
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Maphanga C, Manoto S, Mabena C, Ombinda-Lemboumba S, Maaza M, Mthunzi-Kufa P. Laser-enabled delivery of antiretroviral drugs into HIV-1 infected TZM-bl cells. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202200043. [PMID: 35852044 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of femtosecond laser to create sub-microscopic transient pores on the cell membrane allowing exogenous material into mammalian cells has become a very efficient optical delivery method over the past decade. This study focuses on laser-enabled delivery of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs into HIV-1 infected TZM-bl cells in vitro. A 1 kHz femtosecond laser emitting at a wavelength of 800 nm was used to photoporate cells at 6.5 μW. Trypan blue was used for characterisation and its uptake was quantified using Matlab software. Cell membrane damage was assessed using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay while HIV-1 infection was assessed using luciferase assay. Our results showed successful delivery of ARVs into HIV-1 infected cells without compromising their cell membranes, subsequently reducing the level of infection. The LDH assay showed no significant cell membrane damage of laser-treated cells, and the luciferase assay demonstrated significant reduction in the level of HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Maphanga
- National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Physics, NB Pityana Building, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Florida, South Africa
| | - Sello Manoto
- National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Chemist Mabena
- National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Malik Maaza
- National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Patience Mthunzi-Kufa
- National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
- College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa
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4
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Zhou Y, Dai L, Jiao N. Review of Bubble Applications in Microrobotics: Propulsion, Manipulation, and Assembly. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1068. [PMID: 35888885 PMCID: PMC9324494 DOI: 10.3390/mi13071068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, microbubbles have been widely used in the field of microrobots due to their unique properties. Microbubbles can be easily produced and used as power sources or tools of microrobots, and the bubbles can even serve as microrobots themselves. As a power source, bubbles can propel microrobots to swim in liquid under low-Reynolds-number conditions. As a manipulation tool, microbubbles can act as the micromanipulators of microrobots, allowing them to operate upon particles, cells, and organisms. As a microrobot, microbubbles can operate and assemble complex microparts in two- or three-dimensional spaces. This review provides a comprehensive overview of bubble applications in microrobotics including propulsion, micromanipulation, and microassembly. First, we introduce the diverse bubble generation and control methods. Then, we review and discuss how bubbles can play a role in microrobotics via three functions: propulsion, manipulation, and assembly. Finally, by highlighting the advantages and current challenges of this progress, we discuss the prospects of microbubbles in microrobotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
- Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liguo Dai
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
| | - Niandong Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
- Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
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5
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Detert M, Chen Y, Zandvliet HJW, Lohse D. Transition in the growth mode of plasmonic bubbles in binary liquids. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:4136-4145. [PMID: 35583141 PMCID: PMC9157508 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00315e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Multi-component fluids with phase transitions show a plethora of fascinating phenomena with rich physics. Here we report on a transition in the growth mode of plasmonic bubbles in binary liquids. By employing high-speed imaging we reveal that the transition is from slow evaporative to fast convective growth and accompanied by a sudden increase in radius. The transition occurs as the three-phase contact line reaches the spinodal temperature of the more volatile component leading to massive, selective evaporation. This creates a strong solutal Marangoni flow along the bubble which marks the beginning of convective growth. We support this interpretation by simulations. After the transition the bubble starts to oscillate in position and in shape. Though different in magnitude the frequencies of both oscillations follow the same power law , which is characteristic of bubble shape oscillations, with the surface tension σ as the restoring force and the bubble's added mass as inertia. The transitions and the oscillations both induce a strong motion in the surrounding liquid, opening doors for various applications where local mixing is beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Detert
- Physics of Fluids Group, Department of Science and Technology, Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Yibo Chen
- Physics of Fluids Group, Department of Science and Technology, Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Harold J W Zandvliet
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Detlef Lohse
- Physics of Fluids Group, Department of Science and Technology, Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory for Fluid Physics, Pattern Formation and Biocomplexity, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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6
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Chen N, He Y, Zang M, Zhang Y, Lu H, Zhao Q, Wang S, Gao Y. Approaches and materials for endocytosis-independent intracellular delivery of proteins. Biomaterials 2022; 286:121567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Ahmad B, Gauthier M, Laurent GJ, Bolopion A. Mobile Microrobots for In Vitro Biomedical Applications: A Survey. IEEE T ROBOT 2022. [DOI: 10.1109/tro.2021.3085245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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8
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Li X, Chen Y, Wang Y, Chong KL, Verzicco R, Zandvliet HJW, Lohse D. Droplet plume emission during plasmonic bubble growth in ternary liquids. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:025101. [PMID: 34525659 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.025101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic bubbles are of great relevance in numerous applications, including catalytic reactions, micro/nanomanipulation of molecules or particles dispersed in liquids, and cancer therapeutics. So far, studies have been focused on bubble nucleation in pure liquids. Here we investigate plasmonic bubble nucleation in ternary liquids consisting of ethanol, water, and trans-anethole oil, which can show the so-called ouzo effect. We find that oil (trans-anethole) droplet plumes are produced around the growing plasmonic bubbles. The nucleation of the microdroplets and their organization in droplet plumes is due to the symmetry breaking of the ethanol concentration field during the selective evaporation of ethanol from the surrounding ternary liquids into the growing plasmonic bubbles. Numerical simulations show the existence of a critical Marangoni number Ma (the ratio between solutal advection rate and the diffusion rate), above which the symmetry breaking of the ethanol concentration field occurs, leading to the emission of the droplet plumes. The numerical results agree with the experimental observation that more plumes are emitted with increasing ethanol-water relative weight ratios and hence Ma. Our findings on the droplet plume formation reveal the rich phenomena of plasmonic bubble nucleation in multicomponent liquids and help to pave the way to achieve enhanced mixing in multicomponent liquids in chemical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolai Li
- Physics of Fluids, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Mechanics, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands.,School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yibo Chen
- Physics of Fluids, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Mechanics, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Yuliang Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Leong Chong
- Physics of Fluids, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Mechanics, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Roberto Verzicco
- Physics of Fluids, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Mechanics, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands.,Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata,' Roma 00133, Italy.,Gran Sasso Science Institute-Viale F. Crispi, 7 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Harold J W Zandvliet
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Detlef Lohse
- Physics of Fluids, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Mechanics, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands.,Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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9
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Hur J, Chung AJ. Microfluidic and Nanofluidic Intracellular Delivery. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2004595. [PMID: 34096197 PMCID: PMC8336510 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Innate cell function can be artificially engineered and reprogrammed by introducing biomolecules, such as DNAs, RNAs, plasmid DNAs, proteins, or nanomaterials, into the cytosol or nucleus. This process of delivering exogenous cargos into living cells is referred to as intracellular delivery. For instance, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 gene editing begins with internalizing Cas9 protein and guide RNA into cells, and chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells are prepared by delivering CAR genes into T lymphocytes for cancer immunotherapies. To deliver external biomolecules into cells, tools, including viral vectors, and electroporation have been traditionally used; however, they are suboptimal for achieving high levels of intracellular delivery while preserving cell viability, phenotype, and function. Notably, as emerging solutions, microfluidic and nanofluidic approaches have shown remarkable potential for addressing this open challenge. This review provides an overview of recent advances in microfluidic and nanofluidic intracellular delivery strategies and discusses new opportunities and challenges for clinical applications. Furthermore, key considerations for future efforts to develop microfluidics- and nanofluidics-enabled next-generation intracellular delivery platforms are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongsoo Hur
- School of Biomedical EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
| | - Aram J. Chung
- School of Biomedical EngineeringInterdisciplinary Program in Precision Public HealthKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
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10
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Kaladharan K, Kumar A, Gupta P, Illath K, Santra TS, Tseng FG. Microfluidic Based Physical Approaches towards Single-Cell Intracellular Delivery and Analysis. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:631. [PMID: 34071732 PMCID: PMC8228766 DOI: 10.3390/mi12060631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to deliver foreign molecules into a single living cell with high transfection efficiency and high cell viability is of great interest in cell biology for applications in therapeutic development, diagnostics, and drug delivery towards personalized medicine. Various physical delivery methods have long demonstrated the ability to deliver cargo molecules directly to the cytoplasm or nucleus and the mechanisms underlying most of the approaches have been extensively investigated. However, most of these techniques are bulk approaches that are cell-specific and have low throughput delivery. In comparison to bulk measurements, single-cell measurement technologies can provide a better understanding of the interactions among molecules, organelles, cells, and the microenvironment, which can aid in the development of therapeutics and diagnostic tools. To elucidate distinct responses during cell genetic modification, methods to achieve transfection at the single-cell level are of great interest. In recent years, single-cell technologies have become increasingly robust and accessible, although limitations exist. This review article aims to cover various microfluidic-based physical methods for single-cell intracellular delivery such as electroporation, mechanoporation, microinjection, sonoporation, optoporation, magnetoporation, and thermoporation and their analysis. The mechanisms of various physical methods, their applications, limitations, and prospects are also elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kaladharan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (P.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (P.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (P.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; (K.K.); (A.K.)
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11
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Gao Y, Wu M, Lin Y, Xu J. Trapping and control of bubbles in various microfluidic applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:4512-4527. [PMID: 33232419 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00906g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
As a simple, clean and effective tool, micro bubbles have enabled advances in various lab on a chip (LOC) applications recently. In bubble-based microfluidic applications, techniques for capturing and controlling the bubbles play an important role. Here we review active and passive techniques for bubble trapping and control in microfluidic applications. The active techniques are categorized based on various types of external forces from optical, electric, acoustic, mechanical and thermal fields. The passive approaches depend on surface tension, focusing on optimization of microgeometry and modification of surface properties. We discuss control techniques of size, location and stability of microbubbles and show how these bubbles are employed in various applications. To finalize, by highlighting the advantages of these approaches along with the current challenges, we discuss the future prospects of bubble trapping and control in microfluidic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
| | - Mengren Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
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12
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Zeng B, Wang Y, Zaytsev ME, Xia C, Zandvliet HJW, Lohse D. Giant plasmonic bubbles nucleation under different ambient pressures. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:063109. [PMID: 33466073 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.063109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Water-immersed gold nanoparticles irradiated by a laser can trigger the nucleation of plasmonic bubbles after a delay time of a few microseconds [Wang et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 122, 9253 (2018)]. Here we systematically investigated the light-vapor conversion efficiency, η, of these plasmonic bubbles as a function of the ambient pressure. The efficiency of the formation of these initial-phase and mainly water-vapor containing bubbles, which is defined as the ratio of the energy that is required to form the vapor bubbles and the total energy dumped in the gold nanoparticles before nucleation of the bubble by the laser, can be as high as 25%. The amount of vaporized water first scales linearly with the total laser energy dumped in the gold nanoparticles before nucleation, but for larger energies the amount of vaporized water levels off. The efficiency η decreases with increasing ambient pressure. The experimental observations can be quantitatively understood within a theoretical framework based on the thermal diffusion equation and the thermal dynamics of the phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglin Zeng
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Physics of Fluids Group, Department of Applied Physics and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Yuliang Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Physics of Fluids Group, Department of Applied Physics and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Mikhail E Zaytsev
- Physics of Fluids Group, Department of Applied Physics and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.,Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Chenliang Xia
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Harold J W Zandvliet
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Detlef Lohse
- Physics of Fluids Group, Department of Applied Physics and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.,Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Fassberg 17, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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13
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Detert M, Zeng B, Wang Y, Le The H, Zandvliet HJW, Lohse D. Plasmonic Bubble Nucleation in Binary Liquids. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2020; 124:2591-2597. [PMID: 32030112 PMCID: PMC6996646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles under laser irradiation can produce enormous heat due to surface plasmon resonance. When submerged in a liquid, this can lead to the nucleation of plasmonic bubbles. In the very early stage, the nucleation of a giant vapor bubble was observed with an ultrahigh-speed camera. In this study, the formation of this giant bubble on gold nanoparticles in six binary liquid combinations has been investigated. We find that the time delay between the beginning of the laser heating and the bubble nucleation is determined by the absolute amount of dissolved gas in the liquid. Moreover, the bubble volume mainly depends on the vaporization energy of the liquid, consisting of the latent heat of vaporization and the energy needed to reach the boiling temperature. Our results contribute to controlling the initial giant bubble nucleation and have strong bearings on applications of such bubbles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Detert
- Physics of Fluids,
Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, MESA+ Institute,
and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente,
P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Binglin Zeng
- Physics of Fluids,
Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, MESA+ Institute,
and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuliang Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing
Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hai Le The
- Physics of Fluids,
Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, MESA+ Institute,
and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Harold J. W. Zandvliet
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente,
P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Detlef Lohse
- Physics of Fluids,
Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, MESA+ Institute,
and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Fassberg 17, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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14
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Karim F, Vasquez ES, Sun Y, Zhao C. Optothermal microbubble assisted manufacturing of nanogap-rich structures for active chemical sensing. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:20589-20597. [PMID: 31638631 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05892c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Guiding analytes to the sensing area is an indispensable step in a sensing system. Most of the sensing systems apply a passive sensing method, which waits for the analytes to diffuse towards the sensor. However, passive sensing methods limit the detection of analytes to a picomolar range on micro/nanosensors for a practical time scale. Therefore, active sensing methods need to be used to improve the detection limit in which the analytes are forced to concentrate on the sensors. In this article, we have demonstrated the manufacturing of nanogap-rich structures for active chemical sensing. Nanogap-rich structures are manufactured from metallic nanoparticles through an optothermally generated microbubble (OGMB) which is a laser-induced micron-sized bubble. The OGMB induces a strong convective flow that helps to deposit metallic nanoparticles to form nanogap-rich structures on a solid surface. In addition, the OGMB is used to guide and concentrate analytes towards the nanogap-rich structures for the active sensing of analytes. An active sensing method can improve the detection limit of chemical substances by an order of magnitude compared to a passive sensing method. The microbubble assisted manufacturing of nanogap-rich structures together with an active analyte sensing method paves a new way for advanced chemical and bio-sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzia Karim
- Department of Electro-Optics and Photonics, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
| | - Erick S Vasquez
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
| | - Yvonne Sun
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
| | - Chenglong Zhao
- Department of Electro-Optics and Photonics, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469, USA and Department of Physics, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469, USA.
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15
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Zhao C, Shah PJ, Bissell LJ. Laser additive nano-manufacturing under ambient conditions. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:16187-16199. [PMID: 31461093 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05350f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing at the macroscale has become a hot topic of research in recent years. It has been used by engineers for rapid prototyping and low-volume production. The development of such technologies at the nanoscale, or additive nanomanufacturing, will provide a future path for new nanotechnology applications. In this review article, we introduce several available toolboxes that can be potentially used for additive nanomanufacturing. We especially focus on laser-based additive nanomanufacturing under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Zhao
- Department of Physics, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, Ohio 45469-2314, USA. and Department of Electro-Optics and Photonics, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, Ohio 45469-2314, USA
| | - Piyush J Shah
- Department of Electro-Optics and Photonics, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, Ohio 45469-2314, USA and Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th St, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7718, USA.
| | - Luke J Bissell
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th St, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7718, USA.
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16
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Huang D, Zhao D, Li J, Wu Y, Du L, Xia XH, Li X, Deng Y, Li Z, Huang Y. Continuous Vector-free Gene Transfer with a Novel Microfluidic Chip and Nanoneedle Array. Curr Drug Deliv 2019; 16:164-170. [PMID: 30332957 DOI: 10.2174/1567201815666181017095044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delivery of foreign cargoes into cells is of great value for bioengineering research and therapeutic applications. OBJECTIVE In this study, we proposed and established a carrier-free gene delivery platform utilizing staggered herringbone channel and silicon nanoneedle array, to achieve high-throughput in vitro gene transfection. METHODS With this microchip, fluidic micro vortices could be induced by the staggered-herringboneshaped grooves within the channel, which increased the contact frequency of the cells with the channel substrate. Transient disruptions on the cell membrane were well established by the nanoneedle array on the substrate. RESULT Compared to the conventional nanoneedle-based delivery system, proposed microfluidic chip achieved flow-through treatment with high gene transfection efficiency (higher than 20%) and ideal cell viability (higher than 95%). CONCLUSION It provides a continuous processing environment that can satisfy the transfection requirement of large amounts of biological molecules, showing high potential and promising prospect for both basic research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Huang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine; Institute of Microelectronics, National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Deyao Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine; Institute of Microelectronics, National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine; Institute of Microelectronics, National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine; Institute of Microelectronics, National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lili Du
- Institute of Molecular Medicine; Institute of Microelectronics, National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin-Hua Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Li
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotheranotics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotheranotics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine; Institute of Microelectronics, National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotheranotics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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17
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Du X, Wang J, Zhou Q, Zhang L, Wang S, Zhang Z, Yao C. Advanced physical techniques for gene delivery based on membrane perforation. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:1516-1525. [PMID: 29968512 PMCID: PMC6058615 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1480674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene delivery as a promising and valid tool has been used for treating many serious diseases that conventional drug therapies cannot cure. Due to the advancement of physical technology and nanotechnology, advanced physical gene delivery methods such as electroporation, magnetoporation, sonoporation and optoporation have been extensively developed and are receiving increasing attention, which have the advantages of briefness and nontoxicity. This review introduces the technique detail of membrane perforation, with a brief discussion for future development, with special emphasis on nanoparticles mediated optoporation that have developed as an new alternative transfection technique in the last two decades. In particular, the advanced physical approaches development and new technology are highlighted, which intends to stimulate rapid advancement of perforation techniques, develop new delivery strategies and accelerate application of these techniques in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Du
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhou
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Luwei Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Sijia Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxi Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Yao
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
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18
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Stewart MP, Langer R, Jensen KF. Intracellular Delivery by Membrane Disruption: Mechanisms, Strategies, and Concepts. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7409-7531. [PMID: 30052023 PMCID: PMC6763210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 399] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery is a key step in biological research and has enabled decades of biomedical discoveries. It is also becoming increasingly important in industrial and medical applications ranging from biomanufacture to cell-based therapies. Here, we review techniques for membrane disruption-based intracellular delivery from 1911 until the present. These methods achieve rapid, direct, and universal delivery of almost any cargo molecule or material that can be dispersed in solution. We start by covering the motivations for intracellular delivery and the challenges associated with the different cargo types-small molecules, proteins/peptides, nucleic acids, synthetic nanomaterials, and large cargo. The review then presents a broad comparison of delivery strategies followed by an analysis of membrane disruption mechanisms and the biology of the cell response. We cover mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, and chemical strategies of membrane disruption with a particular emphasis on their applications and challenges to implementation. Throughout, we highlight specific mechanisms of membrane disruption and suggest areas in need of further experimentation. We hope the concepts discussed in our review inspire scientists and engineers with further ideas to improve intracellular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin P. Stewart
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
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19
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Karim F, Vasquez ES, Zhao C. Fabricated nanogap-rich plasmonic nanostructures through an optothermal surface bubble in a droplet. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:334-336. [PMID: 29328275 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.000334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A rapid and cost-effective method for the fabrication of nanogap-rich structures is demonstrated in this Letter. The method utilizes the Marangoni convection around an optothermal surface bubble inside a liquid droplet with a nanoliter volume. The liquid droplet containing metallic nanoparticles reduces the sample consumption and confines the liquid flow. The optothermal surface bubble creates a strong convective flow that allows for the rapid deposition of the metallic nanoparticles to form nanogap-rich structures on any substrate under ambient conditions. This method will enable a broad range of applications such as biosensing, environmental analysis, and nonlinear optics.
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20
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Xie Y, Zhao C. An optothermally generated surface bubble and its applications. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:6622-6631. [PMID: 28485456 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01360d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Under laser illumination, a solid-state surface or nanostructure can turn into a micro/nano heating source with the so-called optothermal effect. This effect allows for non-invasive control of heat at the micro/nanoscale. In the presence of a liquid, a surface bubble can be generated on top of the solid surface or nanostructure at a temperature much higher than the boiling point of the liquid. The high temperature and the fluid flow associated with the optothermally generated surface bubble enable many intriguing applications, ranging from the micro/nano-manipulation of fluids, particles, cells, and light to the synthesis of micro/nano-structures under ambient conditions. In this review article, we present the fundamentals, recent developments, and future perspectives in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Xie
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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21
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Li F, Yuan F, Sankin G, Yang C, Zhong P. A Microfluidic System with Surface Patterning for Investigating Cavitation Bubble(s)-Cell Interaction and the Resultant Bioeffects at the Single-cell Level. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28117807 DOI: 10.3791/55106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this manuscript, we first describe the fabrication protocol of a microfluidic chip, with gold dots and fibronectin-coated regions on the same glass substrate, that precisely controls the generation of tandem bubbles and individual cells patterned nearby with well-defined locations and shapes. We then demonstrate the generation of tandem bubbles by using two pulsed lasers illuminating a pair of gold dots with a few-microsecond time delay. We visualize the bubble-bubble interaction and jet formation by high-speed imaging and characterize the resultant flow field using particle image velocimetry (PIV). Finally, we present some applications of this technique for single cell analysis, including cell membrane poration with macromolecule uptake, localized membrane deformation determined by the displacements of attached integrin-binding beads, and intracellular calcium response from ratiometric imaging. Our results show that a fast and directional jetting flow is produced by the tandem bubble interaction, which can impose a highly localized shear stress on the surface of a cell grown in close proximity. Furthermore, different bioeffects can be induced by altering the strength of the jetting flow by adjusting the standoff distance from the cell to the tandem bubbles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfang Li
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University;
| | | | - Georgy Sankin
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University
| | - Chen Yang
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University
| | - Pei Zhong
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University
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22
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23
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Matsumoto D, Yamagishi A, Saito M, Sathuluri RR, Silberberg YR, Iwata F, Kobayashi T, Nakamura C. Mechanoporation of living cells for delivery of macromolecules using nanoneedle array. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 122:748-752. [PMID: 27316458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and rapid delivery of macromolecule probes, such as quenchbodies and other large biomarkers that cannot readily pass through the plasma membrane, is necessary for live-cell imaging and other intracellular analyses. We present here an alternative, simple method for delivery of macromolecules into live cells. In this method, which we term here mechanoporation, a nanoneedle array is used for making transient pores in the plasma membrane to allow access of desired macromolecules into thousands of live cells, simultaneously. This rapid, 3-step method facilitates an efficient delivery by adding macromolecules into the medium, inserting nanoneedles into the cells and oscillating the nanoneedle array, a process that takes no more than 5 min in total. In addition, we demonstrate here how this method can repeatedly and reproducibly deliver molecules into specifically-selected locations on a given cell culture dish. The results presented here show how this unique mechanoporation method enables rapid and high-throughput bio-macromolecule delivery and live-cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Matsumoto
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Ayana Yamagishi
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Megumi Saito
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Ramachandra Rao Sathuluri
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yaron R Silberberg
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Futoshi Iwata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Research Center for Ubiquitous MEMS and Micro Engineering, AIST, 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan
| | - Chikashi Nakamura
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
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24
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Fan Q, Hu W, Ohta AT. Efficient single-cell poration by microsecond laser pulses. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:581-8. [PMID: 25421758 PMCID: PMC4304703 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00943f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Payloads including FITC-Dextran dye and plasmids were delivered into NIH/3T3 fibroblasts using microbubbles produced by microsecond laser pulses to induce pores in the cell membranes. Two different operational modes were used to achieve molecular delivery. Smaller molecules, such as the FITC-Dextran dye, were delivered via a scanning-laser mode. The poration efficiency and the cell viability were both 95.1 ± 3.0%. Relatively larger GFP plasmids can be delivered efficiently via a fixed-laser mode, which is a more vigorous method that can create larger transient pores in the cell membrane. The transfection efficiency of 5.7 kb GFP plasmid DNA can reach to 86.7 ± 3.3%. Using this cell poration system, targeted single cells can be porated with high resolution, and cells can be porated in arbitrary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Fan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2540 Dole Street, Holmes Hall 302, Honolulu, USA., Fax: +1-808-956-3427; Tel: 808-956-3427
| | - Wenqi Hu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2540 Dole Street, Holmes Hall 483, Honolulu, USA
| | - Aaron T. Ohta
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2540 Dole Street, Holmes Hall 483, Honolulu, USA
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