1
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Avalos E, Teramoto T, Hirai Y, Yabu H, Nishiura Y. Controlling the Formation of Polyhedral Block Copolymer Nanoparticles: Insights from Process Variables and Dynamic Modeling. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:17276-17288. [PMID: 38645350 PMCID: PMC11025090 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
This study delves into the formation of nanoscale polyhedral block copolymer particles (PBCPs) exhibiting cubic, octahedral, and variant geometries. These structures represent a pioneering class that has never been fabricated previously. PBCP features distinct variations in curvature on the outer surface, aligning with the edges and corners of polyhedral shapes. This characteristic sharply contrasts with previous block copolymers (BCPs), which displayed a smooth spherical surface. The emergence of these cornered morphologies presents an intriguing and counterintuitive phenomenon and is linked to process parameters, such as evaporation rates and initial concentration, while keeping other variables constant. Using a system of coupled Cahn-Hillard (CCH) equations, we uncover the mechanisms driving polyhedral particle formation, emphasizing the importance of controlling relaxation parameters for shape variable u and microphase separation v. This unconventional approach, differing from traditional steepest descent method, allows for precise control and diverse polyhedral particle generation. Accelerating the shape variable u proves crucial for expediting precipitation and aligns with experimental observations. Employing the above theoretical model, we achieve shape predictions for particles and the microphase separation within them, which overcomes the limitations of ab initio computations. Additionally, a numerical stability analysis discerns the transient nature versus local minimizer characteristics. Overall, our findings contribute to understanding the complex interplay between process variables and the morphology of polyhedral BCP nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Avalos
- Advanced
Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takashi Teramoto
- Faculty
of Data Science, Kyoto Women’s University, 35 Kitahiyoshi-cho, Imakumano, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto 605-8501, Japan
| | - Yutaro Hirai
- Advanced
Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yabu
- Advanced
Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Nishiura
- Advanced
Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
- Research
Center of Mathematics for Social Creativity, Research Institute for
Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N12W7, Kita-Ward, Mid-Campus Open
Laboratory Building No. 2, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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2
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Tan Z, Lee J, Kim J, Ku KH, Kim BJ. Nanosheet Particles with Defect-Free Block Copolymer Structures Driven by Emulsions Containing Crystallizable Surfactants. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304746. [PMID: 37726236 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Highly anisotropic-shaped particles with well-ordered internal nanostructures have received significant attention due to their unique shape-dependent photonic, rheological, and electronic properties and packing structures. In this work, nanosheet particles with cylindrical block copolymer (BCP) arrays are achieved by utilizing collapsed emulsions as a scaffold for BCP self-assembly. Highly elongated structures with large surface areas are formed by employing crystallizable surfactants that significantly reduce the interfacial tension of BCP emulsions. Subsequently, the stabilized elongated emulsion structures lead to the formation of BCP nanosheets. Specifically, when polystyrene-block-polydimethylsiloxane (PS-b-PDMS) and 1-octadecanol (C18-OH) are co-assembled within an emulsion, C18-OH penetrates the surfactant layer at the emulsion interface, lowering the interfacial tension (i.e., below 1 mN m-1 ) and causing emulsion deformation. In addition, C18-OH crystallization allows for kinetic arrest of the collapsed emulsion shape during solvent evaporation. Consequently, PS-b-PDMS BCPs self-assemble into defect-free structures within nanosheet particles, exhibiting an exceptionally high aspect ratio of over 50. The particle formation mechanism is further investigated by controlling the alkyl chain length of the fatty alcohol. Finally, the coating behavior of nanosheet particles is investigated, revealing that the deposition pattern on a substrate is strongly influenced by the particle's shape anisotropy, thus highlighting their potential for advanced coating applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengping Tan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoung Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Hee Ku
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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3
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Li N, Li J, Qing L, Ma S, Li Y, Li B. Self-assembly of colloids with competing interactions confined in spheres. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:304-314. [PMID: 38050746 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01227a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
At low temperatures, colloidal particles with short-range attractive and long-range repulsive interactions can form various periodic microphases in bulk. In this paper, we investigate the self-assembly behaviour of colloids with competing interactions under spherical confinement by conducting molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the cluster, mixture, cylindrical, perforated lamellar and lamellar structures can be obtained, but the details of the ordered structures are different from those in bulk systems. Interestingly, the system tends to form more perforated structures when confined in smaller spheres. The mechanism behind this phenomenon is driven by the relationship between the energy of the ordered structures and the bending of the confinement wall, which is different from the mechanism in copolymer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyi Li
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Junhong Li
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Lijingting Qing
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Shicheng Ma
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Yao Li
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Baohui Li
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China.
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4
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Weisbord I, Segal-Peretz T. Revealing the 3D Structure of Block Copolymers with Electron Microscopy: Current Status and Future Directions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:58003-58022. [PMID: 37338172 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers (BCPs) are considered model systems for understanding and utilizing self-assembly in soft matter. Their tunable nanometric structure and composition enable comprehensive studies of self-assembly processes as well as make them relevant materials in diverse applications. A key step in developing and controlling BCP nanostructures is a full understanding of their three-dimensional (3D) structure and how this structure is affected by the BCP chemistry, confinement, boundary conditions, and the self-assembly evolution and dynamics. Electron microscopy (EM) is a leading method in BCP 3D characterization owing to its high resolution in imaging nanosized structures. Here we discuss the two main 3D EM methods: namely, transmission EM tomography and slice and view scanning EM tomography. We present each method's principles, examine their strengths and weaknesses, and discuss ways researchers have devised to overcome some of the challenges in BCP 3D characterization with EM- from specimen preparation to imaging radiation-sensitive materials. Importantly, we review current and new cutting-edge EM methods such as direct electron detectors, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of soft matter, high temporal rate imaging, and single-particle analysis that have great potential for expanding the BCP understanding through EM in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inbal Weisbord
- Chemical Engineering Department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Tamar Segal-Peretz
- Chemical Engineering Department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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5
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Juan YT, Lai YF, Li X, Tai TC, Lin CH, Huang CF, Li B, Shi AC, Hsueh HY. Self-Assembly of Gyroid-Forming Diblock Copolymers under Spherical Confinement. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ting Juan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Fang Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Xingye Li
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tsung-Cheng Tai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Hsun Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Feng Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (iCAST), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Baohui Li
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| | - An-Chang Shi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Han-Yu Hsueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
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6
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Zhang L, Yang J, Li W. Emergence of Multi-strand Helices from the Self-Assembly of AB-Type Multiblock Copolymer under Cylindrical Confinement. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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7
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Dual Effects of Interfacial Interaction and Geometric Constraints on Structural Formation of Poly(butylene terephthalate) Nanorods. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2736-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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8
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Azhdari S, Herrmann F, Coban D, Linders J, Gröschel AH. Confinement-Assembly of Terpolymer-based Janus Nanoparticles. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100932. [PMID: 35377525 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
While the confinement assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) into functional microparticles has been extensively studied, little is known about the behavior of Janus nanoparticles (JNPs) in spherical confinement. Here, we investigate the confinement self-assembly of JNPs in drying emulsion droplets and compare their behavior to their ABC triblock terpolymer precursor. Emulsions of both materials were prepared using Shirasu Porous Glass (SPG) membranes leading to narrow size distributions of the microparticles with average hydrodynamic radii in the range of Rh = 250 - 500 nm (depending on the pore radius, Rpore ). The internal structure of the microparticles was verified with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on ultrathin cross-sections and compared to the corresponding bulk morphologies. While the confinement-assembly of terpolymers resulted in microparticles with ordered inner morphologies, order for JNPs diminished when the Janus balance (JB) deviated from parity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suna Azhdari
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster Corrensstraße 28-30, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Fabian Herrmann
- Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster Corrensstrasse 48, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Deniz Coban
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster Corrensstraße 28-30, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Jürgen Linders
- Physical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstr. 2, Essen, 45141, Germany
| | - André H Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster Corrensstraße 28-30, Münster, 48149, Germany
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9
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Procházka K, Limpouchová Z, Štěpánek M, Šindelka K, Lísal M. DPD Modelling of the Self- and Co-Assembly of Polymers and Polyelectrolytes in Aqueous Media: Impact on Polymer Science. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030404. [PMID: 35160394 PMCID: PMC8838752 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article is addressed to a broad community of polymer scientists. We outline and analyse the fundamentals of the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation method from the point of view of polymer physics and review the articles on polymer systems published in approximately the last two decades, focusing on their impact on macromolecular science. Special attention is devoted to polymer and polyelectrolyte self- and co-assembly and self-organisation and to the problems connected with the implementation of explicit electrostatics in DPD numerical machinery. Critical analysis of the results of a number of successful DPD studies of complex polymer systems published recently documents the importance and suitability of this coarse-grained method for studying polymer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Procházka
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.L.); (M.Š.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Zuzana Limpouchová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.L.); (M.Š.)
| | - Miroslav Štěpánek
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.L.); (M.Š.)
| | - Karel Šindelka
- Department of Molecular and Mesoscopic Modelling, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.Š.); (M.L.)
| | - Martin Lísal
- Department of Molecular and Mesoscopic Modelling, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.Š.); (M.L.)
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 3632, 400 96 Ústí n. Labem, Czech Republic
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10
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Li H, Xiong B, Geng Z, Wang H, Gao Y, Gu P, Xie H, Xu J, Zhu J. Temperature- and Solvent-Mediated Confined Assembly of Semicrystalline Chiral Block Copolymers in Evaporative Emulsion Droplets. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bijin Xiong
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhen Geng
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huayang Wang
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yutong Gao
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Pan Gu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongyan Xie
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
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11
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Qiang X, Franzka S, Quintieri G, Dai X, Wong CK, Gröschel AH. Size‐Controlled Formation of Polymer Janus Discs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolian Qiang
- Physical Chemistry University of Münster Corrensstraße 28–30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Steffen Franzka
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) and Interdisciplinary Center for Analytics on the Nanoscale (ICAN) University of Duisburg-Essen Carl-Benz-Str. 199 47047 Duisburg Germany
| | - Giada Quintieri
- Physical Chemistry University of Münster Corrensstraße 28–30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Xuezhi Dai
- Physical Chemistry University of Münster Corrensstraße 28–30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Chin Ken Wong
- Physical Chemistry University of Münster Corrensstraße 28–30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - André H. Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry University of Münster Corrensstraße 28–30 48149 Münster Germany
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12
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Qiang X, Franzka S, Quintieri G, Dai X, Wong CK, Gröschel AH. Size-Controlled Formation of Polymer Janus Discs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21668-21672. [PMID: 34265154 PMCID: PMC8518367 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward method is presented for the preparation of nano- to micrometer-sized Janus discs with controlled shape, size, and aspect ratio. The method relies on cross-linkable ABC triblock terpolymers and involves first the preparation of prolate ellipsoidal microparticles by combining Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane emulsification with evaporation-induced confinement assembly (EICA). By varying the pore diameter of the SPG membrane, we produce Janus discs with controlled size distributions centered around hundreds of nanometers to several microns. We further transferred the discs to water by mild sulfonation of PS to polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS) and verified the Janus character by subsequent labelling with cationic nanoparticles. Finally, we show that the sulfonated Janus discs are amphiphilic and can be used as efficient colloidal stabilizers for oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolian Qiang
- Physical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstraße 28–3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Steffen Franzka
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) and Interdisciplinary Center for Analytics on the Nanoscale (ICAN)University of Duisburg-EssenCarl-Benz-Str. 19947047DuisburgGermany
| | - Giada Quintieri
- Physical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstraße 28–3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Xuezhi Dai
- Physical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstraße 28–3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Chin Ken Wong
- Physical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstraße 28–3048149MünsterGermany
| | - André H. Gröschel
- Physical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstraße 28–3048149MünsterGermany
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13
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Zhang TT, Yu P, Zhang ZM, Liu ZY, Yang MB, Yang W. Formation of nanosheets-assembled porous polymer microspheres via the combination effect of polymer crystallization and vapor-induced phase separation. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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Xu Z, Han Y, Yin J, Yu B, Nishiura Y, Zhang L. Solution landscapes of the diblock copolymer-homopolymer model under two-dimensional confinement. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:014505. [PMID: 34412273 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.014505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the solution landscapes of the confined diblock copolymer and homopolymer in two-dimensional domain by using the extended Ohta-Kawasaki model. The projection saddle dynamics method is developed to compute the saddle points with mass conservation and construct the solution landscape by coupling with downward and upward search algorithms. A variety of stationary solutions are identified and classified in the solution landscape, including Flower class, Mosaic class, Core-shell class, and Tai-chi class. The relationships between different stable states are shown by either transition pathways connected by index-1 saddle points or dynamical pathways connected by a high-index saddle point. The solution landscapes also demonstrate the symmetry-breaking phenomena, in which more solutions with high symmetry are found when the domain size increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xu
- Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yucen Han
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jianyuan Yin
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bing Yu
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yasumasa Nishiura
- Research Center of Mathematics for Social Creativity, Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N12W7, Kita-Ward, Mid-Campus Open Laboratory Building No.2, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Lei Zhang
- Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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15
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Hu D, Chang X, Xu Y, Yu Q, Zhu Y. Light-Enabled Reversible Shape Transformation of Block Copolymer Particles. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:914-920. [PMID: 35549210 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Confined self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) is effective to manipulate various shapes of particles. In emulsion confined self-assembly, reversibly light-trigged switchable BCP particles are extremely expected, yet rarely reported. Herein, a novel strategy is developed to realize reversibly light-responsive shape-transformation of BCP particles by constructing functional surfactants with light-active azobenzene (azo) groups in the confined self-assembly of BCPs within emulsion droplet. Ultraviolet and visible lights can reversibly modulate the amphiphilicity and interfacial affinity of the surfactants to different blocks, triggering the reversible microphase structure transformation of BCP particles with high temporal-spatial resolution. We can realize shape and morphological transitions of BCP particles from onion-shaped spherical particles to striped ellipsoids and, ultimately, to inverse onion-like particles by ultraviolet irradiation. More importantly, this shape transformation is reversible by the irradiation of visible light, attributed to the reversible trans-cis isomerization of azo groups. We also demonstrate that the light-triggered shape transformation of BCP particles can be employed in a controllable drug release through a noncontacted and programmed manner, showing promising potential in clinic and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengwen Hu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd., Cangqian, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiaohua Chang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd., Cangqian, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Youquan Xu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd., Cangqian, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Qunli Yu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd., Cangqian, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yutian Zhu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd., Cangqian, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 311121, China
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16
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Shi AC. Frustration in block copolymer assemblies. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:253001. [PMID: 33862614 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abf8d0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Frustration is ubiquitous in condensed matter systems and it provides a central concept to understand the self-assembly of soft matter. Frustration is found at multiple scales in polymeric systems containing block copolymers. At the molecular scale, frustration arises because the chemically distinct blocks repel each other whereas the chain connectivity prevents a macroscopic separation. At the mesoscopic scale, frustration occurs due to the competition between the tendency for the block copolymer assemblies to maintain their native shape and the requirement to fill the space. At an even larger scale, frustrations could be induced by external fields or spatial confinement. Recent theoretical and experimental studies provide a good understanding of the origin of various frustrations in the self-assembly of block copolymers. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that designed block copolymer systems, either in the form of multiblock copolymers with different architectures or block copolymer blends, could be utilized to regulate frustrations resulting in the formation of complex ordered and hierarchically structured phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Chang Shi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1 Canada
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17
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Kim EJ, Shin JJ, Do T, Lee GS, Park J, Thapar V, Choi J, Bang J, Yi GR, Hur SM, Kim JG, Kim BJ. Molecular Weight Dependent Morphological Transitions of Bottlebrush Block Copolymer Particles: Experiments and Simulations. ACS NANO 2021; 15:5513-5522. [PMID: 33591730 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The molecular weights and chain rigidities of block copolymers can strongly influence their self-assembly behavior, particularly when the block copolymers are under confinement. We investigate the self-assembly of bottlebrush block copolymers (BBCPs) confined in evaporative emulsions with varying molecular weights. A series of symmetric BBCPs, where polystyrene (PS) and polylactide (PLA) side-chains are grafted onto a polynorbornene (PNB) backbone, are synthesized with varying degrees of polymerization of the PNB (NPNB) ranging from 100 to 300. Morphological transitions from onion-like concentric particles to striped ellipsoids occur as the NPNB of the BBCP increases above 200, which is also predicted from coarse-grained simulations of BBCP-containing droplets by an implicit solvent model. This transition is understood by the combined effects of (i) an elevated entropic penalty associated with bending lamella domains of large molecular weight BBCP particles and (ii) the favorable parallel alignment of the backbone chains at the free surface. Furthermore, the morphological evolutions of onion-like and ellipsoidal particles are compared. Unlike the onion-like BBCP particles, ellipsoidal BBCP particles are formed by the axial development of ring-like lamella domains on the particle surface, followed by the radial propagation into the particle center. Finally, the shape anisotropies of the ellipsoidal BBCP particles are analyzed as a function of particle size. These BBCP particles demonstrate promising potential for various applications that require tunable rheological, optical, and responsive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeman J Shin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyang Do
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Gue Seon Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhae Park
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute & School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Vikarm Thapar
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute & School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoong Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joona Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ra Yi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Hur
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute & School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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18
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Dai X, Qiang X, Hils C, Schmalz H, Gröschel AH. Frustrated Microparticle Morphologies of a Semicrystalline Triblock Terpolymer in 3D Soft Confinement. ACS NANO 2021; 15:1111-1120. [PMID: 33332958 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) in three-dimensional (3D) confinement of emulsion droplets has emerged as a versatile route for the formation of functional micro- and nanoparticles. While the self-assembly of amorphous coil-coil BCPs is fairly well documented, less is known about the behavior of crystalline-coil BCPs. Here, we demonstrate that confining a linear ABC triblock terpolymer with a crystallizable middle block in oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions results in a range of microparticles with frustrated inner structure originating from the conflict between crystallization and curved interfaces. Polystyrene-block-polyethylene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PE-b-PMMA, S32E36M3293) in toluene droplets was subjected to different preparation protocols. If evaporation was performed well above the bulk crystallization temperature of the PE block (Tevap > Tc), S32E36M3293 first microphase-separated into microparticles with lamella morphology followed by crystallization into a variety of frustrated morphologies (e.g., bud-like, double staircase, spherocone). By evaporating at significantly lower temperatures that allow the PE block to crystallize from solution (Tevap < Tc), S32E36M3293 underwent crystallization-driven self-assembly into patchy crystalline-core micelles, followed by confinement assembly into lenticular microparticles with compartmentalized hexagonal cylinder lattices. The frequency of these frustrated morphologies depends on polymer concentration and the evaporation protocol. These results provide a preliminary understanding of the morphological behavior of semicrystalline block copolymers in 3D soft confinement and may provide alternative routes to structure multicompartment microparticles from a broader range of polymer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Dai
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Xiaolian Qiang
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Hils
- Macromolecular Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Holger Schmalz
- Macromolecular Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - André H Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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19
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Steinhaus A, Srivastva D, Qiang X, Franzka S, Nikoubashman A, Gröschel AH. Controlling Janus Nanodisc Topology through ABC Triblock Terpolymer/Homopolymer Blending in 3D Confinement. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Steinhaus
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Centre for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Deepika Srivastva
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaolian Qiang
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Centre for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Steffen Franzka
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) and Interdisciplinary Center for Analytics on the Nanoscale (ICAN), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Arash Nikoubashman
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - André H. Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Centre for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
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20
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Sun CH, Septani CM, Sun YS. Direct Access to Bowl-Like Nanostructures with Block Copolymer Anisotropic Truncated Microspheres. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:636-645. [PMID: 33395300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bowl-like nanostructures have attracted significant scientific and technological interest due to their favorable characteristics, such as high specific surface area, interconnected porous channels, and conductivity. However, tailored synthesis of bowl-like nanostructures with well-defined and uniform morphology is still a challenge. Herein, we report a versatile microemulsion assembly approach to prepare bowl-like nanostructures of three different materials: polymer, carbon, and platinum. To this end, polystyrene-block-poly(4vinylpyridine), PS-b-P4VP, block copolymer (BCP) microparticles with truncated-sphere shape and composed of stacks of parallel lamellae were used because those anisotropic microparticles play an important role in the design of bowl-like nanostructures. To form nanolamellae-within-microparticle morphology, a designed PS-b-P4VP/chloroform/CTAB microemulsion can be facilely obtained in the aqueous medium, where the morphology can be tailored by the interplay between macro-phase separations, BCP self-assembly, and interfacial energies of three phases in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Finally, protonation or combination of cross-linking and pyrolysis of those truncated microparticles enables formation of polymer or carbon bowl-like nanostructures, respectively. Upon selective adsorption of Pt precursor salt ions with the pyridyl moieties followed by chemical reduction, subsequent calcination permits the synthesis of Pt bowl-like nanostructures. The microemulsion assembly approach opens up new ways to direct and template bowl-like nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hao Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Cindy Mutiara Septani
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Sen Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
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21
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Schilt Y, Berman T, Wei X, Nativ-Roth E, Barenholz Y, Raviv U. Effect of the ammonium salt anion on the structure of doxorubicin complex and PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin nanodrugs. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129849. [PMID: 33460771 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Doxil®, PEGylated nanoliposomes are created by hydration of the lipids in ammonium sulfate, and are remotely loaded with doxorubicin by a transmembrane ammonium gradient. The ammonium sulfate is then removed from the external aqueous phase, surrounding the liposomes, and replaced by an isoosmotic sucrose solution in 10 mM histidine buffer at pH 6.5. METHODS We prepared PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) with a series of ammonium monovalent salts that after remote loading became the intraliposome doxorubicin counteranions. We analyzed the liposomes by solution X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and electron micropscopy. RESULTS PLDs prepared with sulfonic acid derivatives as counteranion exhibited chemical and physical stabilities. We determined the effect of these ammonium salt counteranions on the structure, morphology, and thermotropic behavior of the PEGylated nanoliposomes, formed before and after doxorubicin loading, and the bulk properties of the doxorubicin-counteranion complexes. By comparing the structure of the doxorubicin complexes in the bulk and inside the nanoliposomes, we revealed the effect of confinement on the structure and doxorubicin release rate for each of the derivatives of the ammonium sulfonic acid counteranions. CONCLUSIONS We found that the extent and direction of the doxorubicin confinement effect and its release rate were strongly dependent on the type of counteranion. The counteranions, however, neither affected the structure and thermotropic behavior of the liposome membrane, nor the thickness and density of the liposome PEG layers. In an additional study, it was demonstrated that PLD made with ammonium-methane sulfonate exhibit a much lower Hand and Foot syndrome. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The structure, physical state, and pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin in PEGylated nanoliposomes, prepared by transmembrane remote loading using gradients of ammonium salts, strongly depend on the counteranions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaelle Schilt
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel; The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tal Berman
- Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel; The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel; The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Einat Nativ-Roth
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yechezkel Barenholz
- Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel; The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Uri Raviv
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel; The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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22
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Ko J, Berger R, Lee H, Yoon H, Cho J, Char K. Electronic effects of nano-confinement in functional organic and inorganic materials for optoelectronics. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3585-3628. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01501f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the electronic effects of nano-confinement (from 1D to 3D geometries) on optoelectronic materials and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongkuk Ko
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Korea University
- Seoul 02841
- Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical & Biological Engineering
| | - Rüdiger Berger
- Physics at Interfaces
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Hyemin Lee
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Seoul National University of Science & Technology
- Seoul 01811
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsik Yoon
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Seoul National University of Science & Technology
- Seoul 01811
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhan Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Korea University
- Seoul 02841
- Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology
| | - Kookheon Char
- School of Chemical & Biological Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
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23
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Cui T, Li X, Wang Z, Wu L, Li H. Polymer-surfactant-controlled 3D confined assembly of block copolymers for nanostructured colloidal particles. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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24
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Gupta S, Chokshi P. Self-Assembly of Polymer Grafted Nanoparticles within Spherically Confined Diblock Copolymers. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11738-11749. [PMID: 33319558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Geometric confinement plays an important role in the generation of interesting microstructures on account of structural frustration and confinement-induced entropy loss. In the present study, self-consistent field calculations have been performed to examine the self-assembly behavior of a mixture of diblock copolymers and polymer grafted nanoparticles within a spherical confinement. The analysis is aimed at obtaining the equilibrium distribution of nanoparticles with a high degree of order. The ordered mesophases of diblock copolymers provide useful templates to achieve ordering of nanoparticles in a selective domain. Self-assembly of nanoparticles within frustrated diblock copolymers is found to be very different from the bulk. A rich variety of equilibrium morphologies are observed depending on the degree of confinement and the extent of particle loading. In addition, the role of particle size and selectivity along with the length and the number of polymer chains grafted onto the surface of nanoparticles are analyzed to understand the self-assembly behavior. The specific interest is to obtain the chiral structures out of achiral block copolymers subjected to spherical confinement. The realization of various captivating microstructures, such as chiral ordering of nanoparticles, is highly essential to produce advanced nanomaterials with superior physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110 016, India
| | - Paresh Chokshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110 016, India
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25
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Nanoparticle assembly under block copolymer confinement: The effect of nanoparticle size and confinement strength. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 578:441-451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.05.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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26
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Lee S, Shin JJ, Ku KH, Lee YJ, Jang SG, Yun H, Kim BJ. Interfacial Instability-Driven Morphological Transition of Prolate Block Copolymer Particles: Striped Football, Larva to Sphere. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seonghan Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- ENF Technology, Yongin 17084, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeman J. Shin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Hee Ku
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Young Jun Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Gyu Jang
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongseok Yun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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27
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Ott EJE, Freedman MA. Inhibition of Phase Separation in Aerosolized Water-Soluble Polymer–Polymer Nanoparticles at Small Sizes and the Effects of Molecular Weight. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:7518-7523. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily-Jean E. Ott
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Miriam Arak Freedman
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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28
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Wang K, Jin SM, Li F, Tian D, Xu J, Lee E, Zhu J. Soft Confined Assembly of Polymer-Tethered Inorganic Nanoparticles in Cylindrical Micelles. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Seon-Mi Jin
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon305764, Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Di Tian
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Eunji Lee
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon305764, Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jintao Zhu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan430074, China
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29
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Qiang X, Franzka S, Dai X, Gröschel AH. Multicompartment Microparticles of SBT Triblock Terpolymers through 3D Confinement Assembly. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolian Qiang
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Steffen Franzka
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) and Interdisciplinary Center for Analytics on the Nanoscale (ICAN), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Xuezhi Dai
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - André H. Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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30
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He Q, Ku KH, Vijayamohanan H, Kim BJ, Swager TM. Switchable Full-Color Reflective Photonic Ellipsoidal Particles. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10424-10430. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qilin He
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kang Hee Ku
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Harikrishnan Vijayamohanan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Timothy M. Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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31
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Li H, Mao X, Wang H, Geng Z, Xiong B, Zhang L, Liu S, Xu J, Zhu J. Kinetically Dependent Self-Assembly of Chiral Block Copolymers under 3D Confinement. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xi Mao
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huayang Wang
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhen Geng
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bijin Xiong
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lianbin Zhang
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Simin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
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Zhu J, Lu X, Li Y, Li T, Yang L, Yang K, Ji L, Lu M, Li M. A Rotavirus Virus-Like Particle Confined Palladium Nanoreactor and Its Immobilization on Graphene Oxide for Catalysis. Catal Letters 2020; 150:3542-3552. [PMID: 32421047 PMCID: PMC7223084 DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract In this work, a new viral protein cage based nanoreactor was successfully constructed via encapsulating Tween 80 stabilized palladium nanoparticles (NPs) into rotavirus capsid VP2 virus-like particles (i.e. Pd@VP2). The effects of stabilizers including CTAB, SDS, Tween 80 and PVP on controlling the particle size of Pd NPs were investigated. They were further immobilized on graphene oxide (i.e. Pd@VP2/GO) by a simple mixing method. Some characterizations including FT-IR and XPS were conducted to study adsorption mode of Pd@VP2 on GO sheets. Their catalytic performance was estimated in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). Results showed that Tween 80 stabilized Pd NPs with the molar ratio of Pd to Tween 80 at 1:0.1 possessed the smallest size and the best stability as well. They were encapsulated into viral protein cages (mean size 49 ± 0.26 nm) to assemble confined nanoreactors, most of which contained 1-2 Pd NPs (mean size 8.15 ± 0.26 nm). As-prepared Pd@VP2 indicated an enhanced activity (apparent reaction rate constant k app = (3.74 ± 0.10) × 10-3 s-1) for the reduction of 4-NP in comparison to non-confined Pd-Tween80 colloid (k app = (2.20 ± 0.06) × 10-3 s-1). It was logically due to confinement effects of Pd@VP2 including high dispersion of Pd NPs and high effective concentration of substrates in confined space. Pd@VP2 were further immobilized on GO surface through C-N bond. Pd@VP2/GO exhibited good reusability after recycling for four runs, confirming the strong anchoring effects of GO on Pd@VP2. Graphic Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- 1National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China
| | - Xiaoxue Lu
- 1National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China
| | - Yijian Li
- 3State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 China
| | - Tingdong Li
- 3State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 China
| | - Linsong Yang
- 1National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China
| | - Kun Yang
- 1National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China
| | - Liang Ji
- 1National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China
| | - Mohong Lu
- 2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China
| | - Mingshi Li
- 2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China
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Cheng MH, Yao IC, Chiu TY, Chen JT. Block copolymer micelles confined in cylindrical nanopores: Effects of annealing solvents and hybridization. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Shin JJ, Kim EJ, Ku KH, Lee YJ, Hawker CJ, Kim BJ. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Block Copolymer Particles: Tuning Shape, Interfaces, and Morphology. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:306-317. [PMID: 35648552 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Confined assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) is receiving increasing attention due to the ability to create unconventional morphologies that cannot be observed in the corresponding bulk systems. This effect is further driven by the simplicity and versatility of these procedures for controlling the shape of particles prepared by 3D soft confinement of BCPs in emulsions. By taking advantage of a mobile emulsion interface, the one-step formation of nonspherical BCP particles through spontaneous deformation is possible with design principles and theoretical models for controlling shape/nanostructure now being established. This Viewpoint highlights strategies for shape tuning of BCP particles, currently accessible shapes, their controllability, and potential application. The emergence of 3D soft confinement of BCPs and related theory is overviewed with a focus on current strategies, types of nonspherical shapes achieved, and structure-property relationships for nonspherical BCP particles. Finally, the applications and future perspectives for these materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeman J. Shin
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California−Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | | | | | | | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California−Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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35
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Lin B, Zheng C, Zhu Q, Xie F. Surface-induced phase transitions in thin films of dendrimer block copolymers. E-POLYMERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2020-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The phase morphologies and phase transitions of dendrimer block copolymer thin films confined between two homogeneous, planar hard substrates had been investigated by a three-dimensional real space self-consistent field theory (SCFT). From the perspectives of property and strength of the preferential substrate, when the film system confined within neutral substrates, the thinner film was easier to take the undulated and perpendicular cylinder phases. For the attractive preference of the substrate on block segment A, the polymer films tended to take the surface-wetting structures that was composed by block segment A. On the contrary, for the repulsive preference of the substrate on block segment A, a phase transition of cylinder-lamellae could be observed increasing with the relative surface strength of the preferential substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University , Guangdong 516007 , China
- Glorious Sun Guangdong School of Fashion, Huizhou University , Guangdong 516007 , China
| | - Chen Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University , Guangdong 516007 , China
- Glorious Sun Guangdong School of Fashion, Huizhou University , Guangdong 516007 , China
| | - Qingying Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University , Guangdong 516007 , China
| | - Fang Xie
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University , Guangdong 516007 , China
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36
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37
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Qiang X, Dai X, Steinhaus A, Gröschel AH. Multicompartment Microparticles with Patchy Topography through Solvent-Adsorption Annealing. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1654-1659. [PMID: 35619389 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report on the evaporation-induced confinement assembly (EICA) of polystyrene-b-polybutadiene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PB-b-PMMA, SBM) triblock terpolymers into multicompartment microparticles and follow their morphological evolution during solvent-adsorption annealing. We initially obtain elliptic microparticles with axially stacked PS/PB/PMMA morphology using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant. Exchanging the surfactant to poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) during solvent vapor annealing with chloroform (CHCl3), PMMA preferentially interacts with the interface, and microparticles change their shape into spheres with concentric morphology. Surprisingly, this transformation initiates at both poles of the microparticles simultaneously and then proceeds toward the equator, resulting in particles with inner morphology and patchy topography. We observed this evolution for different PB fractions, suggesting the mechanism to be more general and the EICA process to be a suitable method to generate patchy particle surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolian Qiang
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Xuezhi Dai
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Steinhaus
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - André H. Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
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38
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Ly DQ, Makatsoris C. Effects of the homopolymer molecular weight on a diblock copolymer in a 3D spherical confinement. BMC Chem 2019; 13:24. [PMID: 31384773 PMCID: PMC6661751 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The morphologies of a diblock copolymer spherically confined within a homopolymer were investigated by using the static self-consistent field theory method. A homogeneous A-B diblock copolymer sphere was surrounded by a homopolymer C. Upon changing the diblock volume fraction, homopolymer molecular weight and the interaction between the copolymer and its surrounding environment, different morphologies of the sphere were observed. Our calculations confirmed that when the homopolymer molecular weight was high a complete macrophase separation between the copolymer and the homopolymer was obtained. However, when the homopolymer molecular weight was low the homopolymer penetrated into the copolymer microdomains, diluting the diblock copolymer and reduced the interaction between the diblock copolymer segments and hence preventing them from segregating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung Q. Ly
- School of Physical Sciences and Computing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Charalampos Makatsoris
- School of Aerospace, Transportation and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
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39
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Lin YL, Cheng MH, Chang CW, Chu CW, Liu CT, Chen JT. Curved block copolymer nanodiscs: structure transformations in cylindrical nanopores using the nonsolvent-assisted template wetting method. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:8201-8209. [PMID: 31588459 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01633c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we study the structure transformations of cylinder-forming polystyrene-block-polydimethylsiloxane (PS31k-b-PDMS14.5k) confined in cylindrical nanopores. PS-b-PDMS nanotubes, nanospheres, and curved nanodiscs are ingeniously prepared by a facile template wetting strategy using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. Quantitative analyses of the structure transformations from nanospheres to curved nanodiscs are also conducted, showing that the lengths of the curved nanodiscs can be controlled by adjusting the annealing temperature and time. Furthermore, the PDMS domains of the nanostructures can be selectively etched using HF solutions, generating porous PS nanostructures. This work not only offers versatile routes to prepare block copolymer nanostructures with controlled shapes but also provides a deeper understanding of the structure transformation of block copolymers in confined geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Liang Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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40
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Alvarez J, Saudino G, Musteata V, Madhavan P, Genovese A, Behzad AR, Sougrat R, Boi C, Peinemann KV, Nunes SP. 3D Analysis of Ordered Porous Polymeric Particles using Complementary Electron Microscopy Methods. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13987. [PMID: 31562349 PMCID: PMC6764970 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50338-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly porous particles with internal triply periodic minimal surfaces were investigated for sorption of proteins. The visualization of the complex ordered morphology requires complementary advanced methods of electron microscopy for 3D imaging, instead of a simple 2D projection: transmission electron microscopy (TEM) tomography, slice-and-view focused ion beam (FIB) and serial block face (SBF) scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The capability of each method of 3D image reconstruction was demonstrated and their potential of application to other synthetic polymeric systems was discussed. TEM has high resolution for details even smaller than 1 nm, but the imaged volume is relatively restricted (2.5 μm)3. The samples are pre-sliced in an ultramicrotome. FIB and SBF are coupled to a SEM. The sample sectioning is done in situ, respectively by an ion beam or an ultramicrotome, SBF, a method so far mostly applied only to biological systems, was particularly highly informative to reproduce the ordered morphology of block copolymer particles with 32–54 nm nanopores and sampling volume (20 μm)3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Alvarez
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giovanni Saudino
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.,Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via Terracini 28, 40131, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Musteata
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Poornima Madhavan
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alessandro Genovese
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Core Labs, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Reza Behzad
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Core Labs, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rachid Sougrat
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Core Labs, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cristiana Boi
- Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via Terracini 28, 40131, Bologna, Italy
| | - Klaus-Viktor Peinemann
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suzana P Nunes
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
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41
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Steinhaus A, Chakroun R, Müllner M, Nghiem TL, Hildebrandt M, Gröschel AH. Confinement Assembly of ABC Triblock Terpolymers for the High-Yield Synthesis of Janus Nanorings. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6269-6278. [PMID: 31082201 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b09546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers are versatile building blocks for the self-assembly of functional nanostructures in bulk and solution. While spheres, cylinders, and bilayer sheets are thermodynamically preferred shapes and frequently observed, ring-shaped nanoparticles are more challenging to realize due to energetic penalties that originate from their anisotropic curvature. Today, a handful of concepts exist that produce core-shell nanorings, while more complex ( e. g., patchy) nanorings are currently out of reach and have only been predicted theoretically. Here, we demonstrate that confinement assembly of properly designed ABC triblock terpolymers is a general route to synthesize Janus nanorings in high purity. The triblock terpolymer self-assembles in the spherical confinement of nanoemulsion droplets into prolate ellipsoidal microparticles with an axially stacked lamellar-ring ( lr)-morphology. We clarified and visualized this complex, yet well-ordered, morphology with transmission electron tomography. Blocks A and C formed stacks of lamellae with the B microdomain sandwiched in-between as nanorings. Cross-linking of the B-rings allowed disassembly of the microparticles into Janus nanorings carrying two strictly separated polymer brushes of A and C on the top and bottom. Decreasing the B volume leads to Janus spheres and rods, while an increase of B results in perforated and filled Janus disks. The confinement assembly of ABC triblock terpolymers is a general process that can be extended to other block chemistries and will allow to synthesize a large variety of complex micro- and nanoparticles that inspire studies in self-assembly, interfacial stabilization, colloidal packing, and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Steinhaus
- Physical Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 47057 Duisburg , Germany
| | - Ramzi Chakroun
- Physical Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 47057 Duisburg , Germany
| | - Markus Müllner
- Key Center for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry and The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano) , The University of Sydney , Sydney 2006 , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Tai-Lam Nghiem
- Physical Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 47057 Duisburg , Germany
| | - Marcus Hildebrandt
- Physical Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 47057 Duisburg , Germany
| | - André H Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 47057 Duisburg , Germany
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45127 Essen , Germany
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42
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Kim Y, Kumagai A, Hu X, Shi AC, Li B, Jinnai H, Char K. Self-Assembled Morphologies of Lamella-Forming Block Copolymers Confined in Conical Nanopores. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngkeol Kim
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids, The WCU Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Akemi Kumagai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Xiejun Hu
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - An-Chang Shi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Baohui Li
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hiroshi Jinnai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kookheon Char
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids, The WCU Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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43
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Xu JP, Zhu JT. Block Copolymer Colloidal Particles with Unique Structures through Three-dimensional Confined Assembly and Disassembly. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2294-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolian Qiang
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-Essen 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - Ramzi Chakroun
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-Essen 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - Nicole Janoszka
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-Essen 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - André H. Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-Essen 47057 Duisburg Germany
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45
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Cui T, Li X, Dong B, Li X, Guo M, Wu L, Li B, Li H. Janus onions of block copolymers via confined self-assembly. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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46
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Zheng L, Wang Z, Yin Y, Jiang R, Li B. Formation Mechanisms of Porous Particles from Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers inside an Oil-in-Water Emulsion Droplet upon Solvent Evaporation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5902-5910. [PMID: 30950621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The formation mechanisms of porous particles from self-assembly of amphiphilic diblock copolymers inside an oil-in-water emulsion droplet upon evaporation of the organic solvent are investigated based on Monte Carlo simulations for the first time. A morphological diagram of particles is constructed as a function of the surfactant concentration (φ) and the copolymer composition characterized by the volume fraction of the hydrophilic B block ( fB). Particles with various morphologies are predicted. Morphological sequences from non-porosity to closed-porosity to capsules and finally to open-porosity particles are usually observed with increasing φ when fB ≤ 1/2, with the only exception that capsules do not occur when fB = 1/6. Furthermore, the critical φ value for a given morphological transition usually decreases with increasing fB. Micelles are always observed at higher φ regions when fB > 1/2. It is found that the specific surface area falls on almost the same regime for particles with the same kind of morphology, indicating that the morphology of a particle largely determines its specific surface area. The chain stretching varies with the particle morphology. It is the presence of the surfactant that makes the formation of porous particles possible, while when φ > 0, multiple morphological transitions can be induced by changing fB. In the process of organic solvent removal, the value of fB may affect the shape of pores inside the droplet and hence leads to the fB dependence of the morphological sequences. When the solvent evaporation is not too fast, the resulting morphological sequence does not depend on the evaporation rate. Our results are compared with related experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfei Zheng
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Yuhua Yin
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Run Jiang
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Baohui Li
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300071 , China
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47
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Ku KH, Lee YJ, Kim Y, Kim BJ. Shape-Anisotropic Diblock Copolymer Particles from Evaporative Emulsions: Experiment and Theory. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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48
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Kim EJ, Shin JM, Kim Y, Ku KH, Yun H, Kim BJ. Shape control of nanostructured cone-shaped particles by tuning the blend morphology of A-b-B diblock copolymers and C-type copolymers within emulsion droplets. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00306a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An approach to blend AB-type block copolymers and C-type copolymers within the emulsion droplet is an efficient particle shape-engineering strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Man Shin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - YongJoo Kim
- KAIST Institute for Nanocentury
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Hee Ku
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hongseok Yun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- 34141 Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Nanocentury
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49
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Quintieri G, Saccone M, Spengler M, Giese M, Gröschel AH. Supramolecular Modification of ABC Triblock Terpolymers in Confinement Assembly. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E1029. [PMID: 30544769 PMCID: PMC6315710 DOI: 10.3390/nano8121029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of AB diblock copolymers in three-dimensional (3D) soft confinement of nanoemulsions has recently become an attractive bottom up route to prepare colloids with controlled inner morphologies. In that regard, ABC triblock terpolymers show a more complex morphological behavior and could thus give access to extensive libraries of multicompartment microparticles. However, knowledge about their self-assembly in confinement is very limited thus far. Here, we investigated the confinement assembly of polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine)-block-poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PS-b-P4VP-b-PT or SVT) triblock terpolymers in nanoemulsion droplets. Depending on the block weight fractions, we found spherical microparticles with concentric lamella⁻sphere (ls) morphology, i.e., PS/PT lamella intercalated with P4VP spheres, or unusual conic microparticles with concentric lamella⁻cylinder (lc) morphology. We further described how these morphologies can be modified through supramolecular additives, such as hydrogen bond (HB) and halogen bond (XB) donors. We bound donors to the 4VP units and analyzed changes in the morphology depending on the binding strength and the length of the alkyl tail. The interaction with the weaker donors resulted in an increase in volume of the P4VP domains, which depends upon the molar fraction of the added donor. For donors with a high tendency of intermolecular packing, a visible change in the morphology was observed. This ultimately caused a shape change in the microparticle. Knowledge about how to control inner morphologies of multicompartment microparticles could lead to novel carbon supports for catalysis, nanoparticles with unprecedented topologies, and potentially, reversible shape changes by light actuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Quintieri
- Physical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Marco Saccone
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 41125 Essen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Spengler
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 41125 Essen, Germany.
| | - Michael Giese
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 41125 Essen, Germany.
| | - André H Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
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Wu J, Huang Z, Lang W, Wang X, Li S. Surface-Induced Nanostructures and Phase Diagrams of ABC Linear Triblock Copolymers under Spherical Confinement: A Self-Consistent Field Theory Simulation. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1276. [PMID: 30961201 PMCID: PMC6401785 DOI: 10.3390/polym10111276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the nanostructures and phase diagrams of ABC linear triblock copolymers confined in spherical cavities by using real-space self-consistent field theory. Various 3D morphologies, such as spherical concentric lamellae, dumbbell-like cylinder, and rotational structures, are identified in the phase diagrams, which are constructed on the basis of the diameters of spherical cavities and the interaction between the polymers and preferential surfaces. We designate specific monomer-monomer interactions and block compositions, with which the polymers spontaneously form a cylindrical morphology in bulk, and firstly study morphology transformation with a neutral surface when a confining radius progressively increases. We then focus on phase morphologies under the preferential surfaces and consolidate them into phase diagrams. The spherical radius and the degree of preferential interactions can obviously induce the formation of a cylindrical morphology. Theoretical results correspond to an amount of recent experimental observations to a high degree and contribute to synthesising functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wu
- Department of Physics, Wenzhou Vocational & Technical College, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhihong Huang
- Department of Physics, Wenzhou Vocational & Technical College, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wenchang Lang
- Department of Physics, Wenzhou Vocational & Technical College, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xianghong Wang
- Department of Physics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shiben Li
- Department of Physics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China.
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