1
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Pecchini P, Fochi M, Bartoccini F, Piersanti G, Bernardi L. Enantioselective organocatalytic strategies to access noncanonical α-amino acids. Chem Sci 2024; 15:5832-5868. [PMID: 38665517 PMCID: PMC11041364 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01081g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Organocatalytic asymmetric synthesis has evolved over the years and continues to attract the interest of many researchers worldwide. Enantiopure noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) are valuable building blocks in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, and chemical biology. They are employed in the elaboration of peptides and proteins with enhanced activities and/or improved properties compared to their natural counterparts, as chiral catalysts, in chiral ligand design, and as chiral building blocks for asymmetric syntheses of complex molecules, including natural products. The linkage of ncAA synthesis and enantioselective organocatalysis, the subject of this perspective, tries to imitate the natural biosynthetic process. Herein, we present contemporary and earlier developments in the field of organocatalytic activation of simple feedstock materials, providing potential ncAAs with diverse side chains, unique three-dimensional structures, and a high degree of functionality. These asymmetric organocatalytic strategies, useful for forging a wide range of C-C, C-H, and C-N bonds and/or combinations thereof, vary from classical name reactions, such as Ugi, Strecker, and Mannich reactions, to the most advanced concepts such as deracemisation, transamination, and carbene N-H insertion. Concurrently, we present some interesting mechanistic studies/models, providing information on the chirality transfer process. Finally, this perspective highlights, through the diversity of the amino acids (AAs) not selected by nature for protein incorporation, the most generic modes of activation, induction, and reactivity commonly used, such as chiral enamine, hydrogen bonding, Brønsted acids/bases, and phase-transfer organocatalysis, reflecting their increasingly important role in organic and applied chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Pecchini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Center for Chemical Catalysis C3 & INSTM RU Bologna V. Gobetti 85 40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Fochi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Center for Chemical Catalysis C3 & INSTM RU Bologna V. Gobetti 85 40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Francesca Bartoccini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo Piazza Rinascimento 6 61029 Urbino PU Italy
| | - Giovanni Piersanti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo Piazza Rinascimento 6 61029 Urbino PU Italy
| | - Luca Bernardi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Center for Chemical Catalysis C3 & INSTM RU Bologna V. Gobetti 85 40129 Bologna Italy
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2
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Suating P, Ewe MB, Kimberly LB, Arman HD, Wherritt DJ, Urbach AR. Peptide recognition by a synthetic receptor at subnanomolar concentrations. Chem Sci 2024; 15:5133-5142. [PMID: 38577360 PMCID: PMC10988627 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01122h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the discovery and characterization of a dipeptide sequence, Lys-Phe, that binds to the synthetic receptor cucurbit[8]uril (Q8) in neutral aqueous solution with subnanomolar affinity when located at the N-terminus. The thermodynamic and structural basis for the binding of Q8 to a series of four pentapeptides was characterized by isothermal titration calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. Submicromolar binding affinity was observed for the peptides Phe-Lys-Gly-Gly-Tyr (FKGGY, 0.3 μM) and Tyr-Leu-Gly-Gly-Gly (YLGGG, 0.2 μM), whereas the corresponding sequence isomers Lys-Phe-Gly-Gly-Tyr (KFGGY, 0.3 nM) and Leu-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Gly (LYGGG, 1.2 nM) bound to Q8 with 1000-fold and 170-fold increases in affinity, respectively. To our knowledge, these are the highest affinities reported between a synthetic receptor and an unmodified peptide. The high-resolution crystal structures of the Q8·Tyr-Leu-Gly-Gly-Gly and Q8·Leu-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Gly complexes have enabled a detailed analysis of the structural determinants for molecular recognition. The high affinity, sequence-selectivity, minimal size of the target binding site, reversibility in the presence of a competitive guest, compatibility with aqueous media, and low toxicity of Q8 should aid in the development of applications involving low concentrations of target polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Suating
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University 1 Trinity Place San Antonio TX 78212 USA
| | - Marc B Ewe
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University 1 Trinity Place San Antonio TX 78212 USA
| | - Lauren B Kimberly
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University 1 Trinity Place San Antonio TX 78212 USA
| | - Hadi D Arman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio 1 UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Daniel J Wherritt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio 1 UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Adam R Urbach
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University 1 Trinity Place San Antonio TX 78212 USA
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3
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Suating P, Kimberly LB, Ewe MB, Chang SL, Fontenot JM, Sultane PR, Bielawski CW, Decato DA, Berryman OB, Taylor AB, Urbach AR. Cucurbit[8]uril Binds Nonterminal Dipeptide Sites with High Affinity and Induces a Type II β-Turn. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7649-7657. [PMID: 38348472 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
In an effort to target polypeptides at nonterminal sites, we screened the binding of the synthetic receptor cucurbit[8]uril (Q8) to a small library of tetrapeptides, each containing a nonterminal dipeptide binding site. The resulting leads were characterized in detail using a combination of isothermal titration calorimetry, 1H NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS), and X-ray crystallography. The equilibrium dissociation constant values determined for the binding of Q8 to nonterminal dipeptide sites Lys-Phe (KF) and Phe-Lys (FK) were 60 and 86 nm, respectively. These are to the best of our knowledge the highest affinities reported to date for any synthetic receptor targeting a nonterminal site on an unmodified peptide. A 0.79 Å resolution crystal structure was obtained for the complex of Q8 with the peptide Gly-Gly-Leu-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Gly (GGLYGGG) and reveals structural details of the pair-inclusion motif. The molecular basis for recognition is established to be the inclusion of the side chains of Leu and Tyr residues, as well as an extensive network of hydrogen bonds between the peptide backbone, the carbonyl oxygens of Q8, and proximal water molecules. In addition, the crystal structure reveals that Q8 induces a type II β-turn. The sequence-selectivity, high affinity, reversibility, and detailed structural characterization of this system should facilitate the development of applications involving ligand-induced polypeptide folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Suating
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, 1 Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78212, United States
| | - Lauren B Kimberly
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, 1 Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78212, United States
| | - Marc B Ewe
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, 1 Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78212, United States
| | - Sarah L Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, 1 Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78212, United States
| | - John M Fontenot
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, 1 Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78212, United States
| | - Prakash R Sultane
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS) and Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher W Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS) and Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel A Decato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Orion B Berryman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Alexander B Taylor
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology and Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 8300 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, Texas 78229, United States
| | - Adam R Urbach
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, 1 Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78212, United States
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4
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Gao R, Ge Q, Cong H, Zhang Y, Zhao J. Preparation and Biomedical Applications of Cucurbit[n]uril-Based Supramolecular Hydrogels. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083566. [PMID: 37110800 PMCID: PMC10142449 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The cucurbit[n]uril supramolecular hydrogels are driven by weak intermolecular interactions, of which exhibit good stimuli responsiveness and excellent self-healing properties. According to the composition of the gelling factor, supramolecular hydrogels comprise Q[n]-cross-linked small molecules and Q[n]-cross-linked polymers. According to different driving forces, hydrogels are driven by the outer-surface interaction, the host-guest inclusion interaction, and the host-guest exclusion interaction. Host-guest interactions are widely used in the construction of self-healing hydrogels, which can spontaneously recover after being damaged, thereby prolonging their service life. The smart Q[n]s-based supramolecular hydrogel composed is a kind of adjustable and low-toxicity soft material. By designing the structure of the hydrogel or modifying the fluorescent properties, etc., it can be widely used in biomedicine. In this review, we mainly focus on the preparation of Q[n]-based hydrogels and their biomedical applications including cell encapsulation for biocatalysis, biosensors for high sensitivity, 3D printing for potential tissue engineering, drug release for sustained delivery, and interfacial adhesion for self-healing materials. In addition, we also presented the current challenges and prospects in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihan Gao
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qingmei Ge
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hang Cong
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yunqian Zhang
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jianglin Zhao
- Precision Medicine R&D Center, Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhuhai 519000, China
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5
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Tang M, Zhong Z, Ke C. Advanced supramolecular design for direct ink writing of soft materials. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1614-1649. [PMID: 36779285 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs01011a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
The exciting advancements in 3D-printing of soft materials are changing the landscape of materials development and fabrication. Among various 3D-printers that are designed for soft materials fabrication, the direct ink writing (DIW) system is particularly attractive for chemists and materials scientists due to the mild fabrication conditions, compatibility with a wide range of organic and inorganic materials, and the ease of multi-materials 3D-printing. Inks for DIW need to possess suitable viscoelastic properties to allow for smooth extrusion and be self-supportive after printing, but molecularly facilitating 3D printability to functional materials remains nontrivial. While supramolecular binding motifs have been increasingly used for 3D-printing, these inks are largely optimized empirically for DIW. Hence, this review aims to establish a clear connection between the molecular understanding of the supramolecularly bound motifs and their viscoelastic properties at bulk. Herein, extrudable (but not self-supportive) and 3D-printable (self-supportive) polymeric materials that utilize noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding, host-guest inclusion, metal-ligand coordination, micro-crystallization, and van der Waals interaction, have been discussed in detail. In particular, the rheological distinctions between extrudable and 3D-printable inks have been discussed from a supramolecular design perspective. Examples shown in this review also highlight the exciting macroscale functions amplified from the molecular design. Challenges associated with the hierarchical control and characterization of supramolecularly designed DIW inks are also outlined. The perspective of utilizing supramolecular binding motifs in soft materials DIW printing has been discussed. This review serves to connect researchers across disciplines to develop innovative solutions that connect top-down 3D-printing and bottom-up supramolecular design to accelerate the development of 3D-print soft materials for a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 41 College Street, Hanover, 03755 NH, USA.
| | - Zhuoran Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 41 College Street, Hanover, 03755 NH, USA.
| | - Chenfeng Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 41 College Street, Hanover, 03755 NH, USA.
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6
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Babu MH, Sim J. Radical‐Mediated C‐H Alkylation of Glycine Derivatives: A Straightforward Strategy for Diverse α‐Unnatural Amino Acids. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madala Hari Babu
- Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Jaehoon Sim
- Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-guW6 College of Pharmacy 34134 Daejeon KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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7
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Omar J, Ponsford D, Dreiss CA, Lee TC, Loh XJ. Supramolecular Hydrogels: Design Strategies and Contemporary Biomedical Applications. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200081. [PMID: 35304978 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of supramolecular hydrogels is driven by dynamic, non-covalent interactions between molecules. Considerable research effort has been exerted to fabricate and optimise supramolecular hydrogels that display shear-thinning, self-healing, and reversibility, in order to develop materials for biomedical applications. This review provides a detailed overview of the chemistry behind the dynamic physicochemical interactions that sustain hydrogel formation (hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, ionic interactions, metal-ligand coordination, and host-guest interactions). Novel design strategies and methodologies to create supramolecular hydrogels are highlighted, which offer promise for a wide range of applications, specifically drug delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering and 3D bioprinting. To conclude, future prospects are briefly discussed, and consideration given to the steps required to ultimately bring these biomaterials into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Omar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH, London, UK.,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Daniel Ponsford
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.,Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Cécile A Dreiss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH, London, UK
| | - Tung-Chun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.,Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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8
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Redondo-Gómez C, Padilla-Lopátegui S, Mata A, Azevedo HS. Peptide Amphiphile Hydrogels Based on Homoternary Cucurbit[8]uril Host-Guest Complexes. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:111-120. [PMID: 34914370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular hydrogels based on peptide amphiphiles (PAs) are promising materials for tissue engineering and model extracellular matrixes for biological studies. While PA hydrogels are conventionally formed via electrostatic screening, new hydrogelation mechanisms might help to improve the design and functionality of these materials. Here, we present a host-guest-mediated PA hydrogelation method that relies on the formation of a host-guest homoternary complex with cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) and aromatic amino-acid-bearing PA nanofibers. As a result of the host-guest cross-linking between PA nanofibers, hierarchical morphologies and increased stiffness were found when host-guest-mediated PA hydrogels were compared to their ion-based equivalents. Additionally, both families of hydrogels exhibited similar biocompatibilities. These results demonstrate that CB[8]-mediated hydrogelation can be used as an alternative cross-linking method to upgrade the design of PA materials and extend their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Redondo-Gómez
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory LANOTEC, National Center for High Technology CeNAT, 1174-1200 Pavas, San José 10109, Costa Rica
| | - Soraya Padilla-Lopátegui
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Alvaro Mata
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Helena S Azevedo
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
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9
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Madl AC, Myung D. Supramolecular Host-Guest Hydrogels for Corneal Regeneration. Gels 2021; 7:163. [PMID: 34698163 PMCID: PMC8544529 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 6.2 million people worldwide suffer from moderate to severe vision loss due to corneal disease. While transplantation with allogenic donor tissue is sight-restoring for many patients with corneal blindness, this treatment modality is limited by long waiting lists and high rejection rates, particularly in patients with severe tissue damage and ocular surface pathologies. Hydrogel biomaterials represent a promising alternative to donor tissue for scalable, nonimmunogenic corneal reconstruction. However, implanted hydrogel materials require invasive surgeries and do not precisely conform to tissue defects, increasing the risk of patient discomfort, infection, and visual distortions. Moreover, most hydrogel crosslinking chemistries for the in situ formation of hydrogels exhibit off-target effects such as cross-reactivity with biological structures and/or result in extractable solutes that can have an impact on wound-healing and inflammation. To address the need for cytocompatible, minimally invasive, injectable tissue substitutes, host-guest interactions have emerged as an important crosslinking strategy. This review provides an overview of host-guest hydrogels as injectable therapeutics and highlights the potential application of host-guest interactions in the design of corneal stromal tissue substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy C. Madl
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - David Myung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
- Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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10
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Wang Z, Shui M, Wyman IW, Zhang QW, Wang R. Cucurbit[8]uril-based supramolecular hydrogels for biomedical applications. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:722-729. [PMID: 34124671 PMCID: PMC8152811 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00019e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As a member of the cucurbit[n]uril family (where n denotes the number of glycoluril units), cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) possesses a large cavity volume and is able to accommodate two guests simultaneously. Therefore, CB[8] has been adapted as a dynamic noncovalent crosslinker to form various supramolecular hydrogels. These CB[8]-based hydrogels have been investigated for various biomedical applications due to their good biocompatibility and dynamic properties afforded by host-guest interactions. In this review, we summarize the hydrogels that have been dynamically fabricated via supramolecular crosslinking of polymers by CB[8] reported during the past decade, and discuss their design principles, innovative applications in biomedical science and their future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau Macau 999078 China
| | - Mingju Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau Macau 999078 China
| | - Ian W Wyman
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Qing-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau Macau 999078 China
| | - Ruibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau Macau 999078 China
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11
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Yang D, Liu M, Xiao X, Tao Z, Redshaw C. Polymeric self-assembled cucurbit[n]urils: Synthesis, structures and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Zhu X, Zhao J, Dai F, Xu W, Chen L, Xiao X, Tao Z, Zhang C. Selective recognition of tryptophan by a methylpillar[5]arene-based supramolecular fuorescent probe. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 250:119381. [PMID: 33422874 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein we present a simple fluorescence quenching method to selectively recognise and determine L-tryptophan (L-Trp) out of other 19 natural amino acids. Methylpillar[5]arene (MeP5), which is employed as a macrocyclic fluorescent probe, exhibits fluorescence activity in the solution of poor solvents because of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect. Fluorescence quenching of MeP5 in the solution of EtOH/CH2Cl2 (98/2, v/v) was observed upon the addition of L-Trp whereas other 19 natural amino acids did not bring about obvious change in fluorescence intensity. 1H NMR titration, fluorescence spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and theoretical analysis revealed that L-Trp can be encapsulated into the cavity of MeP5 to form a stable 1:1 host-guest inclusion complex which accounts for the quenching characteristics. The proposed procedure in this investigation offers an attractive and promising method for the selective detection of L-Trp in a mixture of natural amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Feifei Dai
- Taizhou Institute of Product Quality and Safety Inspection, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Weitao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Zhu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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13
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Liu J, Lambert H, Zhang YW, Lee TC. Rapid Estimation of Binding Constants for Cucurbit[8]uril Ternary Complexes Using Electrochemistry. Anal Chem 2021; 93:4223-4230. [PMID: 33595296 PMCID: PMC8023530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Supramolecular complexes
are of fundamental interests in biomedicines
and adaptive materials, and thus facile methods to determine their
binding affinity show usefulness in the design of novel drugs and
materials. Herein, we report a novel approach to estimate the binding
constants KG2 of cucurbit[8]uril-methyl
viologen-based ternary complexes (CB8-MV2+-G2) using electrochemistry,
achieving high precision (±0.03) and practical accuracy (±0.32)
in logKG2 and short measurement time (<10
min). In particular, we have uncovered a linear correlation (R2 > 0.8) between the reduction potential
of
CB8-MV2+-G2 ternary complexes and their reported binding
constants from isothermal titration calorimetry, which allow a calibration
curve to be plotted based on 25 sample complexes. Mechanistic investigation
using experimental and computational approaches reveals that this
correlation stems from the dynamic host-guest exchange events occurring
after the electron transfer step. Binding constants of unknown ternary
complexes, where G2 = hydrocarbons, were estimated, illustrating potential
applications for sparsely soluble second guests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London (UCL), Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University College London (UCL), 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hugues Lambert
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London (UCL), Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University College London (UCL), 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom.,Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way, 138632, Singapore
| | - Yong-Wei Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way, 138632, Singapore
| | - Tung-Chun Lee
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London (UCL), Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University College London (UCL), 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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14
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Aguilar Troyano FJ, Merkens K, Anwar K, Gómez‐Suárez A. Radical-Based Synthesis and Modification of Amino Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1098-1115. [PMID: 32841470 PMCID: PMC7820943 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids (AAs) are key structural motifs with widespread applications in organic synthesis, biochemistry, and material sciences. Recently, with the development of milder and more versatile radical-based procedures, the use of strategies relying on radical chemistry for the synthesis and modification of AAs has gained increased attention, as they allow rapid access to libraries of novel unnatural AAs containing a wide range of structural motifs. In this Minireview, we provide a broad overview of the advancements made in this field during the last decade, focusing on methods for the de novo synthesis of α-, β-, and γ-AAs, as well as for the selective derivatisation of canonical and non-canonical α-AAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kay Merkens
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität WuppertalGaussstrasse 2042119WuppertalGermany
| | - Khadijah Anwar
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität WuppertalGaussstrasse 2042119WuppertalGermany
| | - Adrián Gómez‐Suárez
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität WuppertalGaussstrasse 2042119WuppertalGermany
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15
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Li XX, Xu WT, Deng XY, Tian LF, Huang Y, Tao Z. Selective Identification of Phenylalanine Using Cucurbit[7,8]uril-Based Fluorescent Probes. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch20029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The interactions of two host–guest inclusion complexes comprised of cucurbit[7]uril (Q[7]) and cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) with a derivative of toluidine blue O (TB) have been investigated using 1H NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy. The experimental results revealed that the Q[7] host interacts with a TB molecule to form a 1:1 inclusion complex and the Q[8] host interacts with two TB guest molecules to form a 1:2 inclusion complex. The inclusion of the TB guest molecule within the Q[7] host gave rise to significant fluorescence enhancement, whereas the inclusion of the TB guest molecule within the Q[8] host resulted in significant fluorescence quenching. Further recognition experiments involving a series of l-α-amino acids revealed that the TB@Q[7] inclusion fluorescence probe exhibits high selectivity for the recognition of phenylalanine via significant fluorescence quenching in an aqueous solution, whereas the TB@Q[8] inclusion fluorescence probe also exhibited high selectivity for phenylalanine recognition via fluorescence enhancement in an aqueous solution.
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17
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Uman S, Dhand A, Burdick JA. Recent advances in shear‐thinning and self‐healing hydrogels for biomedical applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selen Uman
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Abhishek Dhand
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104
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18
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Madl AC, Madl CM, Myung D. Injectable Cucurbit[8]uril-Based Supramolecular Gelatin Hydrogels for Cell Encapsulation. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:619-626. [PMID: 32523800 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent efforts to develop hydrogel biomaterials have focused on better recapitulating the dynamic properties of the native extracellular matrix. In hydrogel biomaterials, binding thermodynamics and cross-link kinetics directly affect numerous bulk dynamic properties such as strength, stress relaxation, and material clearance. However, despite the broad range of bulk dynamic properties observed in biological tissues, present strategies to incorporate dynamic linkages in cell-encapsulating hydrogels rely on a relatively small number of dynamic covalent chemical reactions and host-guest interactions. To expand this toolkit, we report the preparation of supramolecular gelatin hydrogels with cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8])-based cross-links that form on demand via thiol-ene reactions between preassembled CB[8]·FGGC peptide ternary complexes and grafted norbornenes. Human fibroblast cells encapsulated within these optically transparent, shear thinning, injectable hydrogels remained highly viable and exhibited a well-spread morphology in culture. These CB[8]-based gelatin hydrogels are anticipated to be useful in applications ranging from bioprinting to cell and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Myung
- Byers Eye Institute at Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94303, United States
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California 94304, United States
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19
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Yang MX, Tang Q, Yang M, Wang Q, Tao Z, Xiao X, Huang Y. pH-stimulus response dye-cucurbituril sensor for amino acids in aqueous solution. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 230:118076. [PMID: 31982654 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The host-guest inclusion complexes that comprise an inverted cucurbit[7]uril (iQ[7]) and a quinoline derivative, 4-(4-dimethylaminostyryl) quinoline (DSQ) at different pHs were exploited as multiple supramolecular sensors to sense l-α-amino acids. DSQ complexation inside iQ[7] at different pHs leads to increased fluorescence and formation of different-colored iQ[7]-DSQ complexes. The enhanced fluorescence of DSQ after iQ[7] encapsulation may be attributed to limited dimethylamine rotation and the formation of a twisted internal charge transfer (TICT) state. The DSQ@iQ[7] sensors have different affinities for l-α-amino acids at different pHs. Therefore, we propose a pH-stimulus response supramolecular sensor for the discrimination of structurally similar l-α-amino acids in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Xiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Department College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ying Huang
- The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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20
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Abstract
We explore the design and synthesis of hydrogel scaffolds for tissue engineering from the perspective of the underlying polymer chemistry. The key polymers, properties and architectures used, and their effect on tissue growth are discussed.
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Jin J, Cai L, Jia YG, Liu S, Chen Y, Ren L. Progress in self-healing hydrogels assembled by host–guest interactions: preparation and biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1637-1651. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02547a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Preparation and biomedical applications of self-healing hydrogels assembled from hosts of cyclodextrins and cucurbit[n]urils with various guests were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Jin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
| | - Lili Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yong-Guang Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
| | - Sa Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
| | - Yunhua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
| | - Li Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
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22
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Zou H, Liu J, Li Y, Li X, Wang X. Cucurbit[8]uril-Based Polymers and Polymer Materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802234. [PMID: 30168673 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) is unique and notable in the cucurbit[n]uril family, since it has a relatively large cavity and thus is able to simultaneously accommodate two guest molecules. Typically, an electron-deficient first guest and an electron-rich second guest can be bound by CB[8] to form a stable 1:1:1 heteroternary supramolecular complex. Additionally, two homo guests can also be strongly dimerized inside the cavity of CB[8] to form a 2:1 homoternary supramolecular complex. During the past decade, by combining polymer science and CB[8] host-guest chemistry, a variety of systems have been established to construct supramolecular polymers with polymer chains typically at the nanoscale/sub-microscale, and CB[8]-based micro/nanostructured polymer materials in the form of polymer networks and hydrogels, microcapsules, micelles, vesicles, and colloidal particles, normally in solution and occasionally on surfaces. This Review summarizes the noncovalent interactions and strategies used for the preparation of CB[8]-based polymers and polymer materials with a focus on the representative and latest developments, followed by a brief discussion of their characterization, properties, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
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23
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Mantooth SM, Munoz-Robles BG, Webber MJ. Dynamic Hydrogels from Host-Guest Supramolecular Interactions. Macromol Biosci 2018; 19:e1800281. [PMID: 30303631 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel biomaterials are pervasive in biomedical use. Applications of these soft materials range from contact lenses to drug depots to scaffolds for transplanted cells. A subset of hydrogels is prepared from physical cross-linking mediated by host-guest interactions. Host macrocycles, the most recognizable supramolecular motif, facilitate complex formation with an array of guests by inclusion in their portal. Commonly, an appended macrocycle forms a complex with appended guests on another polymer chain. The formation of poly(pseudo)rotaxanes is also demonstrated, wherein macrocycles are threaded by a polymer chain to give rise to physical cross-linking by secondary non-covalent interactions or polymer jamming. Host-guest supramolecular hydrogels lend themselves to a variety of applications resulting from their dynamic properties that arise from non-covalent supramolecular interactions, as well as engineered responsiveness to external stimuli. These are thus an exciting new class of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siena M Mantooth
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 205 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Brizzia G Munoz-Robles
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 205 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Matthew J Webber
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 205 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
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24
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Supramolecular complexes for nanomedicine. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3290-3301. [PMID: 30227945 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Host-guest interactions studied in supramolecular chemistry have been inspired by interactions between enzymes and substrates. Furthermore, most of the interactions involved in the cells are based on non-covalent bonds between two or more molecules. The common aspects between supramolecular chemistry and medicine have led to the development of a "new" area called "supramolecular medicine", in which non-covalent interactions and self-assembly processes are applied within several medical fields. The object of this Digest is to offer an account of how some macrocyclic hosts (e.g. cucurbiturils, cyclodextrins, pillararenes and calixarenes) are employed in supramolecular medicine creating new supramolecular hydrogels used as biomaterials for human tissue in regenerative medicine, and a diagnostic instrument, in-vitro and in-vivo, for the detection of diseases, as well as for the investigation of cell morphology.
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25
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Abstract
Polymeric chains crosslinked through supramolecular interactions-directional and reversible non-covalent interactions-compose an emerging class of modular and tunable biomaterials. The choice of chemical moiety utilized in the crosslink affords different thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of association, which in turn illustrate the connectivity and dynamics of the system. These parameters, coupled with the choice of polymeric architecture, can then be engineered to control environmental responsiveness, viscoelasticity, and cargo diffusion profiles, yielding advanced biomaterials which demonstrate rapid shear-thinning, self-healing, and extended release. In this review we examine the relationship between supramolecular crosslink chemistry and biomedically relevant macroscopic properties. We then describe how these properties are currently leveraged in the development of materials for drug delivery, immunology, regenerative medicine, and 3D-bioprinting (253 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Mann
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 476 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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26
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Madl CM, Heilshorn SC. Bioorthogonal Strategies for Engineering Extracellular Matrices. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2018; 28:1706046. [PMID: 31558890 PMCID: PMC6761700 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201706046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are commonly used as engineered extracellular matrix (ECM) mimics in applications ranging from tissue engineering to in vitro disease models. Ideal mechanisms used to crosslink ECM-mimicking hydrogels do not interfere with the biology of the system. However, most common hydrogel crosslinking chemistries exhibit some form of cross-reactivity. The field of bio-orthogonal chemistry has arisen to address the need for highly specific and robust reactions in biological contexts. Accordingly, bio-orthogonal crosslinking strategies have been incorporated into hydrogel design, allowing for gentle and efficient encapsulation of cells in various hydrogel materials. Furthermore, the selective nature of bio-orthogonal chemistries can permit dynamic modification of hydrogel materials in the presence of live cells and other biomolecules to alter matrix mechanical properties and biochemistry on demand. In this review, we provide an overview of bio-orthogonal strategies used to prepare cell-encapsulating hydrogels and highlight the potential applications of bio-orthogonal chemistries in the design of dynamic engineered ECMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Madl
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sarah C Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,
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27
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Sahoo JK, VandenBerg MA, Webber MJ. Injectable network biomaterials via molecular or colloidal self-assembly. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 127:185-207. [PMID: 29128515 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly is a powerful tool to create functional materials. A specific application for which self-assembled materials are ideally suited is in creating injectable biomaterials. Contrasting with traditional biomaterials that are implanted through surgical means, injecting biomaterials through the skin offers numerous advantages, expanding the scope and impact for biomaterials in medicine. In particular, self-assembled biomaterials prepared from molecular or colloidal interactions have been frequently explored. The strategies to create these materials are varied, taking advantage of engineered oligopeptides, proteins, and nanoparticles as well as affinity-mediated crosslinking of synthetic precursors. Self-assembled materials typically facilitate injectability through two different mechanisms: i) in situ self-assembly, whereby materials would be administered in a monomeric or oligomeric form and self-assemble in response to some physiologic stimulus, or ii) self-assembled materials that, by virtue of their dynamic, non-covalent interactions, shear-thin to facilitate flow within a syringe and subsequently self-heal into its reassembled material form at the injection site. Indeed, many classes of materials are capable of being injected using a combination of these two mechanisms. Particular utility has been noted for self-assembled biomaterials in the context of tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, drug delivery, and immunoengineering. Given the controlled and multifunctional nature of many self-assembled materials demonstrated to date, we project a future where injectable self-assembled biomaterials afford improved practice in advancing healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jugal Kishore Sahoo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Michael A VandenBerg
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Matthew J Webber
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Warren Family Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NDnano), University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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28
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Appel EA, Biedermann F, Hoogland D, Del Barrio J, Driscoll MD, Hay S, Wales DJ, Scherman OA. Decoupled Associative and Dissociative Processes in Strong yet Highly Dynamic Host-Guest Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:12985-12993. [PMID: 28661667 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b04821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Kinetics and thermodynamics in supramolecular systems are intimately linked, yet both are independently important for application in sensing assays and stimuli-responsive switching/self-healing of materials. Host-guest interactions are of particular interest in many water-based materials, sensing, and drug delivery applications. Herein we investigate the binding dynamics of a variety of electron-rich aromatic moieties forming hetero-ternary complexes with the macrocycle cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) and an auxiliary guest, dimethyl viologen, with high selectivity and equilibrium binding constants (Keq up to 1014 M-2). Using stopped-flow spectrofluorimetry, association rate constants were observed to approach the diffusion limit and were found to be insensitive to the structure of the guest. Conversely, the dissociation rate constants of the ternary complexes varied dramatically with the guest structure and were correlated with the thermodynamic binding selectivity. Hence differing molecular features were found to contribute to the associative and dissociative processes, mimicking naturally occurring reactions and giving rise to a decoupling of these kinetic parameters. Moreover, we demonstrate the ability to exploit these phenomena and selectively perturb the associative process with external stimuli (e.g., viscosity and pressure). Significantly, these complexes exhibit increased binding equilibria with increasing pressure, with important implications for the application of the CB[8] ternary complex for the formation of hydrogels, as these gels exhibit unprecedented pressure-insensitive rheological properties. A high degree of flexibility therefore exists in the design of host-guest systems with tunable kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for tailor-made applications across a broad range of fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Appel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University , Stanford California 94305, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Frank Biedermann
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Dominique Hoogland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Jesús Del Barrio
- Schlumberger Gould Research Center, High Cross , Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EL, U.K
| | - Max D Driscoll
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Sam Hay
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - David J Wales
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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29
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Li Q, Liu C, Wen J, Wu Y, Shan Y, Liao J. The design, mechanism and biomedical application of self-healing hydrogels. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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30
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Wu Y, Shah DU, Liu C, Yu Z, Liu J, Ren X, Rowland MJ, Abell C, Ramage MH, Scherman OA. Bioinspired supramolecular fibers drawn from a multiphase self-assembled hydrogel. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:8163-8168. [PMID: 28696304 PMCID: PMC5547633 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1705380114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inspired by biological systems, we report a supramolecular polymer-colloidal hydrogel (SPCH) composed of 98 wt % water that can be readily drawn into uniform ([Formula: see text]6-[Formula: see text]m thick) "supramolecular fibers" at room temperature. Functionalized polymer-grafted silica nanoparticles, a semicrystalline hydroxyethyl cellulose derivative, and cucurbit[8]uril undergo aqueous self-assembly at multiple length scales to form the SPCH facilitated by host-guest interactions at the molecular level and nanofibril formation at colloidal-length scale. The fibers exhibit a unique combination of stiffness and high damping capacity (60-70%), the latter exceeding that of even biological silks and cellulose-based viscose rayon. The remarkable damping performance of the hierarchically structured fibers is proposed to arise from the complex combination and interactions of "hard" and "soft" phases within the SPCH and its constituents. SPCH represents a class of hybrid supramolecular composites, opening a window into fiber technology through low-energy manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Wu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Darshil U Shah
- Department of Architecture, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PX, United Kingdom
| | - Chenyan Liu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Ziyi Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Ji Liu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaohe Ren
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Rowland
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Abell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Michael H Ramage
- Department of Architecture, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PX, United Kingdom
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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31
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Zhao J, Yang L, Tang Y, Yang Y, Yin Y. Supramolecular Chemistry-Assisted Electrochemical Method for the Assay of Endogenous Peptidylarginine Deiminases Activities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:152-158. [PMID: 27958698 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) is the only isoform of PADs located within the cell nucleus, which has been known to be related to several human diseases. In this work, we have proposed an electrochemical method for the assay of endogenous PAD4 activities as well as the studies of PAD4 inhibitors by making use of the supramolecular chemistry-assisted signal labeling. Specifically, peptide probes P1 and P2, which separately contain cysteine residues and tripeptides FGG (Phe-Gly-Gly), can be self-assembled onto the surface of the gold electrode and silver nanoparticles, respectively. In the meantime, the peptide probes can be connected together through cucurbit[8]uril-mediated host-guest interaction. Nevertheless, after trypsin-catalyzed digestion, FGG at the N-terminal of P1 will be removed from the electrode surface, thereby inhibiting the connection of P1 and P2. Since PAD4 catalyzes the citrullination of arginine residue within P1, trypsin-catalyzed digestion of P1 can be prohibited by the addition of PAD4. Consequently, an obvious change of the electrochemical response can be obtained from the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) immobilized on the electrode surface. Experimental results have shown that our method can display an improved sensitivity and specificity for both PAD4 assay and inhibitor screening, which may effectively trace endogenous PAD4 and the inhibitors in the cancer cells. Therefore, our method may have great potential for the diagnosis and treatment of PAD4-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Lili Yang
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yucai Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
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32
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Yu AC, Chen H, Chan D, Agmon G, Stapleton LM, Sevit AM, Tibbitt MW, Acosta JD, Zhang T, Franzia PW, Langer R, Appel EA. Scalable manufacturing of biomimetic moldable hydrogels for industrial applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:14255-14260. [PMID: 27911849 PMCID: PMC5167152 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1618156113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are a class of soft material that is exploited in many, often completely disparate, industrial applications, on account of their unique and tunable properties. Advances in soft material design are yielding next-generation moldable hydrogels that address engineering criteria in several industrial settings such as complex viscosity modifiers, hydraulic or injection fluids, and sprayable carriers. Industrial implementation of these viscoelastic materials requires extreme volumes of material, upwards of several hundred million gallons per year. Here, we demonstrate a paradigm for the scalable fabrication of self-assembled moldable hydrogels using rationally engineered, biomimetic polymer-nanoparticle interactions. Cellulose derivatives are linked together by selective adsorption to silica nanoparticles via dynamic and multivalent interactions. We show that the self-assembly process for gel formation is easily scaled in a linear fashion from 0.5 mL to over 15 L without alteration of the mechanical properties of the resultant materials. The facile and scalable preparation of these materials leveraging self-assembly of inexpensive, renewable, and environmentally benign starting materials, coupled with the tunability of their properties, make them amenable to a range of industrial applications. In particular, we demonstrate their utility as injectable materials for pipeline maintenance and product recovery in industrial food manufacturing as well as their use as sprayable carriers for robust application of fire retardants in preventing wildland fires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony C Yu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Haoxuan Chen
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Doreen Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Gillie Agmon
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | | | - Alex M Sevit
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Mark W Tibbitt
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Jesse D Acosta
- Department of Natural Resource Management & Environmental Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407
| | | | | | - Robert Langer
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Eric A Appel
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305;
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33
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Yin T, Li H, Zhang Y, Yang N, Sun L, Cao Y, Xiang Y. Sensitive and low-background electrochemical assay of corin activity via supramolecular recognition and rolling circle amplification. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 919:28-33. [PMID: 27086096 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Corin is an important member of type II transmembrane serine proteases that is involved in a variety of cardiovascular and pregnancy-related diseases. Herein, a sensitive and low-background electrochemical method is proposed to assay the activity of corin. In principle, a peptide comprising both the substrate motif of corin and binding site of cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) is first designed and immobilized on the electrode surface. Thereafter, via CB[8]-mediated supramolecular recognition, a DNA-primer is recruited, subsequently triggering the rolling circle amplification (RCA) reaction. In this way, a succeeding propagation of DNA strands is achieved on the electrode surface, which would produce remarkable repelling effect against the electrochemical species [Fe(CN)6](3-/4-), and thereby yield a highly minimized background signal. However, in the presence of activated corin, the peptide is specifically recognized and cleaved, breaching the recruitment of DNA primer as well as the RCA reaction, which decreases the repulsion to [Fe(CN)6](3-/4-), leading to a remarkable electrochemical response. As a result, the proposed assay method can sensitively determine the activity of corin with a detection limit of 0.92 pM, and can further be directly used in maternal plasma samples. Therefore, this method may provide a promising tool for pathological research and clinical diagnosis of corin-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yin
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Nana Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Lizhou Sun
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210036, China.
| | - Ya Cao
- Laboratory of Biosensing Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Yang Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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34
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Karim AA, Dou Q, Li Z, Loh XJ. Emerging Supramolecular Therapeutic Carriers Based on Host-Guest Interactions. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:1300-21. [PMID: 26833861 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201501434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in host-guest chemistry have significantly influenced the construction of supramolecular soft biomaterials. The highly selective and non-covalent interactions provide vast possibilities of manipulating supramolecular self-assemblies at the molecular level, allowing a rational design to control the sizes and morphologies of the resultant objects as carrier vehicles in a delivery system. In this Focus Review, the most recent developments of supramolecular self-assemblies through host-guest inclusion, including nanoparticles, micelles, vesicles, hydrogels, and various stimuli-responsive morphology transition materials are presented. These sophisticated materials with diverse functions, oriented towards therapeutic agent delivery, are further summarized into several active domains in the areas of drug delivery, gene delivery, co-delivery and site-specific targeting deliveries. Finally, the possible strategies for future design of multifunctional delivery carriers by combining host-guest chemistry with biological interface science are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Abdul Karim
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, 08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Qingqing Dou
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, 08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, 08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore.
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, 08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117574, Singapore. .,Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
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35
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Liu J, Tan CSY, Lan Y, Scherman OA. Aqueous Polymer Self-Assembly Based on Cucurbit[n]uril-Mediated Host-Guest Interactions. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Liu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge CB2 1EW United Kingdom
| | - Cindy Soo Yun Tan
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge CB2 1EW United Kingdom
- Faculty of Applied Sciences; Universiti Teknologi MARA; Jalan Meranek; 94300 Kota Samarahan Sarawak Malaysia
| | - Yang Lan
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge CB2 1EW United Kingdom
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge CB2 1EW United Kingdom
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36
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Barrow SJ, Kasera S, Rowland MJ, del Barrio J, Scherman OA. Cucurbituril-Based Molecular Recognition. Chem Rev 2015; 115:12320-406. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1188] [Impact Index Per Article: 132.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Barrow
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Setu Kasera
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Rowland
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jesús del Barrio
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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37
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Zheng L, Sonzini S, Ambarwati M, Rosta E, Scherman OA, Herrmann A. Turning Cucurbit[8]uril into a Supramolecular Nanoreactor for Asymmetric Catalysis. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 127:13199-13203. [PMID: 27478269 PMCID: PMC4955226 DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Chiral macromolecules have been widely used as synthetic pockets to mimic natural enzymes and promote asymmetric reactions. An achiral host, cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), was used for an asymmetric Lewis acid catalyzed Diels-Alder reaction. We achieved a remarkable increase in enantioselectivity and a large rate acceleration in the presence of the nanoreactor by using an amino acid as the chiral source. Mechanistic and computational studies revealed that both the amino acid-Cu2+ complex and the dienophile substrate are included inside the macrocyclic host cavity, suggesting that contiguity and conformational constraints are fundamental to the catalytic process and rate enhancement. These results pave the way towards new studies on asymmetric reactions catalyzed in confined achiral cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Zheng
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands)
| | - Silvia Sonzini
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK)
| | - Masyitha Ambarwati
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands)
| | - Edina Rosta
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB (UK)
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK)
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands)
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38
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Zheng L, Sonzini S, Ambarwati M, Rosta E, Scherman OA, Herrmann A. Turning Cucurbit[8]uril into a Supramolecular Nanoreactor for Asymmetric Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13007-11. [PMID: 26383272 PMCID: PMC4643185 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chiral macromolecules have been widely used as synthetic pockets to mimic natural enzymes and promote asymmetric reactions. An achiral host, cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), was used for an asymmetric Lewis acid catalyzed Diels–Alder reaction. We achieved a remarkable increase in enantioselectivity and a large rate acceleration in the presence of the nanoreactor by using an amino acid as the chiral source. Mechanistic and computational studies revealed that both the amino acid–Cu2+ complex and the dienophile substrate are included inside the macrocyclic host cavity, suggesting that contiguity and conformational constraints are fundamental to the catalytic process and rate enhancement. These results pave the way towards new studies on asymmetric reactions catalyzed in confined achiral cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Zheng
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands)
| | - Silvia Sonzini
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK)
| | - Masyitha Ambarwati
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands)
| | - Edina Rosta
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB (UK)
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK).
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands).
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39
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Appel EA, Tibbitt MW, Greer JM, Fenton OS, Kreuels K, Anderson DG, Langer R. Exploiting Electrostatic Interactions in Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:848-852. [PMID: 35596508 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Shear-thinning injectable hydrogels exploit dynamic noncovalent cross-links to flow upon applied stress and rapidly self-heal once the stress is relaxed. These materials continue to gather interest as they afford minimally invasive deployment in the body for a variety of biomedical applications. Here, we present rationally engineered polymer-nanoparticle (PNP) interactions based on electrostatic forces for the fabrication of self-assembled hydrogels with shear-thinning and self-healing properties. The selective adsorption of negatively charged biopolymers, including hyaluronic acid (HA) and carboxymethylcellulose (CBMC), to biodegradable nanoparticles comprising poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic acid) (PEG-b-PLA) is enhanced with a positively charged surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). We demonstrate that, in this manner, electrostatic interactions can be leveraged to fabricate PNP hydrogels and characterize the viscoelastic properties of the gels imparted by CBMC and HA. This work introduces PNP hydrogels that use common biopolymers without the need for chemical modification, yielding extremely facile preparation and processing, which when coupled with the tunability of their properties are distinguishing features for many important biomedical and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A. Appel
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mark W. Tibbitt
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jessica M. Greer
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Owen S. Fenton
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Klaus Kreuels
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Daniel G. Anderson
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert Langer
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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40
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Rowland MJ, Atgie M, Hoogland D, Scherman OA. Preparation and Supramolecular Recognition of Multivalent Peptide–Polysaccharide Conjugates by Cucurbit[8]uril in Hydrogel Formation. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2436-43. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Rowland
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Atgie
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Hoogland
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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41
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Wang H, Heilshorn SC. Adaptable hydrogel networks with reversible linkages for tissue engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:3717-36. [PMID: 25989348 PMCID: PMC4528979 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201501558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Adaptable hydrogels have recently emerged as a promising platform for three-dimensional (3D) cell encapsulation and culture. In conventional, covalently crosslinked hydrogels, degradation is typically required to allow complex cellular functions to occur, leading to bulk material degradation. In contrast, adaptable hydrogels are formed by reversible crosslinks. Through breaking and re-formation of the reversible linkages, adaptable hydrogels can be locally modified to permit complex cellular functions while maintaining their long-term integrity. In addition, these adaptable materials can have biomimetic viscoelastic properties that make them well suited for several biotechnology and medical applications. In this review, an overview of adaptable-hydrogel design considerations and linkage selections is presented, with a focus on various cell-compatible crosslinking mechanisms that can be exploited to form adaptable hydrogels for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Wang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sarah C. Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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42
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Li C, Rowland MJ, Shao Y, Cao T, Chen C, Jia H, Zhou X, Yang Z, Scherman OA, Liu D. Responsive Double Network Hydrogels of Interpenetrating DNA and CB[8] Host-Guest Supramolecular Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:3298-3304. [PMID: 25899855 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201501102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A supramolecular double network hydrogel is presented by physical interpenetration of DNA and cucurbit[8]uril networks. In addition to exhibiting an increase in strength and thermal stability, the double network hydrogel possesses excellent properties such as stretchability, ductility, shear-thinning, and thixotropy. Moreover, it is enzymatically responsive to both nuclease and cellulase, as well as small molecules, showing great potential as a new soft material scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Matthew J Rowland
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Yu Shao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tianyang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haoyang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhongqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Dongsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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43
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Appel EA, Tibbitt MW, Webber MJ, Mattix BA, Veiseh O, Langer R. Self-assembled hydrogels utilizing polymer-nanoparticle interactions. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6295. [PMID: 25695516 PMCID: PMC4651845 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouldable hydrogels that flow on applied stress and rapidly self-heal are increasingly utilized as they afford minimally invasive delivery and conformal application. Here we report a new paradigm for the fabrication of self-assembled hydrogels with shear-thinning and self-healing properties employing rationally engineered polymer-nanoparticle (NP) interactions. Biopolymer derivatives are linked together by selective adsorption to NPs. The transient and reversible interactions between biopolymers and NPs enable flow under applied shear stress, followed by rapid self-healing when the stress is relaxed. We develop a physical description of polymer-NP gel formation that is utilized to design biocompatible gels for drug delivery. Owing to the hierarchical structure of the gel, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs can be entrapped and delivered with differential release profiles, both in vitro and in vivo. The work introduces a facile and generalizable class of mouldable hydrogels amenable to a range of biomedical and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Appel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 76-661, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Mark W Tibbitt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 76-661, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Matthew J Webber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 76-661, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Bradley A Mattix
- Department of Chemical Engineering, David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 76-661, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Omid Veiseh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 76-661, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 76-661, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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44
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Yang X, Yu H, Wang L, Tong R, Akram M, Chen Y, Zhai X. Self-healing polymer materials constructed by macrocycle-based host-guest interactions. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:1242-1252. [PMID: 25614350 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02372b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Self-healing polymers, which can spontaneously recover themselves after being ruptured, result in enhanced lifetimes for materials and open up a fascinating direction in material science. Macrocycle-based host-guest interactions, one of the most crucial non-covalent interactions, play a key role in self-healing material fabrication. This review aims to highlight the very recent and important progress made in the area of self-healing polymer materials by focusing on cyclodextrins (CDs), crown ethers, cucurbit[n]urils (CBs), calix[n]arenes and pillar[n]arenes with special guest groups and tailored structures. In addition, we also propose future research directions and hope that this review can in a way reflect the current situation and future trends in this developing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China.
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45
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Sankaran S, Kiren MC, Jonkheijm P. Incorporating Bacteria as a Living Component in Supramolecular Self-Assembled Monolayers through Dynamic Nanoscale Interactions. ACS NANO 2015; 9:3579-86. [PMID: 25738514 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular assemblies, formed through noncovalent interactions, has become particularly attractive to develop dynamic and responsive architectures to address living systems at the nanoscale. Cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), a pumpkin shaped macrocylic host molecule, has been successfully used to construct various self-assembled architectures for biomedical applications since it can simultaneously bind two aromatic guest molecules within its cavity. Such architectures can also be designed to respond to external stimuli. Integrating living organisms as an active component into such supramolecular architectures would add a new dimension to the capabilities of such systems. To achieve this, we have incorporated supramolecular functionality at the bacterial surface by genetically modifying a transmembrane protein to display a CB[8]-binding motif as part of a cystine-stabilized miniprotein. We were able to confirm that this supramolecular motif on the bacterial surface specifically binds CB[8] and forms multiple intercellular ternary complexes leading to aggregation of the bacterial solution. We performed various aggregation experiments to understand how CB[8] interacts with this bacterial strain and also demonstrate that it can be chemically reversed using a competitor. To confirm that this strain can be incorporated with a CB[8] based architecture, we show that the bacterial cells were able to adhere to CB[8] self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold and still retain considerable motility for several hours, indicating that the system can potentially be used to develop supramolecular bacterial biomotors. The bacterial strain also has the potential to be combined with other CB[8] based architectures like nanoparticles, vesicles and hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrikrishnan Sankaran
- Laboratory group of Bioinspired Molecular Engineering, Molecular Nanofabrication Group, Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500AE, The Netherlands
| | - Mustafa Can Kiren
- Laboratory group of Bioinspired Molecular Engineering, Molecular Nanofabrication Group, Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500AE, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Jonkheijm
- Laboratory group of Bioinspired Molecular Engineering, Molecular Nanofabrication Group, Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500AE, The Netherlands
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Gürbüz S, Idris M, Tuncel D. Cucurbituril-based supramolecular engineered nanostructured materials. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:330-47. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02065k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials, including nanoparticles, nanocomposites, vesicles, and rods, have been prepared by taking advantage of the interesting features of cucurbituril homologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Gürbüz
- Department of Chemistry
- Bilkent University
- 06800 Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Muazzam Idris
- Department of Chemistry
- Bilkent University
- 06800 Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Dönüs Tuncel
- Department of Chemistry
- Bilkent University
- 06800 Ankara
- Turkey
- Institute of Material Science and Nanotechnology
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