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Paglia G, Smith AJ, Astarita G. Ion mobility mass spectrometry in the omics era: Challenges and opportunities for metabolomics and lipidomics. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:722-765. [PMID: 33522625 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Researchers worldwide are taking advantage of novel, commercially available, technologies, such as ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS), for metabolomics and lipidomics applications in a variety of fields including life, biomedical, and food sciences. IM-MS provides three main technical advantages over traditional LC-MS workflows. Firstly, in addition to mass, IM-MS allows collision cross-section values to be measured for metabolites and lipids, a physicochemical identifier related to the chemical shape of an analyte that increases the confidence of identification. Second, IM-MS increases peak capacity and the signal-to-noise, improving fingerprinting as well as quantification, and better defining the spatial localization of metabolites and lipids in biological and food samples. Third, IM-MS can be coupled with various fragmentation modes, adding new tools to improve structural characterization and molecular annotation. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in IM-MS technologies and approaches utilized to support metabolomics and lipidomics applications and we assess the challenges and opportunities in this growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Paglia
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro (MB), Italy
| | - Andrew J Smith
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro (MB), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Astarita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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2
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Kohoutek KM, Harrington PDB. Electrospray Ionization Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:483-497. [PMID: 34547945 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1964938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Electrospray ionization ion mobility mass spectrometry (ESI-IMS-MS) is a rapidly progressing analytical technique for the examination of complex compounds in the gas phase. ESI-IMS-MS separates isomers, provides structural information, and quantitatively identifies peptides, lipids, carbohydrates, polymers, and metabolites in biological samples. ESI-IMS-MS has pharmaceutical, environmental, and manufacturing applications quickly characterizing drugs, petroleum products, and metal macromolecules. This review provides the history of ESI-IMS-MS development and applications to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie M. Kohoutek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
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3
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Optical Microscopy-Guided Laser Ablation Electrospray Ionization Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry: Ambient Single Cell Metabolomics with Increased Confidence in Molecular Identification. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11040200. [PMID: 33801673 PMCID: PMC8065410 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11040200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Single cell analysis is a field of increasing interest as new tools are continually being developed to understand intercellular differences within large cell populations. Laser-ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LAESI-MS) is an emerging technique for single cell metabolomics. Over the years, it has been validated that this ionization technique is advantageous for probing the molecular content of individual cells in situ. Here, we report the integration of a microscope into the optical train of the LAESI source to allow for visually informed ambient in situ single cell analysis. Additionally, we have coupled this ‘LAESI microscope’ to a drift-tube ion mobility mass spectrometer to enable separation of isobaric species and allow for the determination of ion collision cross sections in conjunction with accurate mass measurements. This combined information helps provide higher confidence for structural assignment of molecules ablated from single cells. Here, we show that this system enables the analysis of the metabolite content of Allium cepa epidermal cells with high confidence structural identification together with their spatial locations within a tissue.
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Rivera ES, Djambazova KV, Neumann EK, Caprioli RM, Spraggins JM. Integrating ion mobility and imaging mass spectrometry for comprehensive analysis of biological tissues: A brief review and perspective. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2020; 55:e4614. [PMID: 32955134 PMCID: PMC8211109 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) technologies are capable of mapping a wide array of biomolecules in diverse cellular and tissue environments. IMS has emerged as an essential tool for providing spatially targeted molecular information due to its high sensitivity, wide molecular coverage, and chemical specificity. One of the major challenges for mapping the complex cellular milieu is the presence of many isomers and isobars in these samples. This challenge is traditionally addressed using orthogonal liquid chromatography (LC)-based analysis, though, common approaches such as chromatography and electrophoresis are not able to be performed at timescales that are compatible with most imaging applications. Ion mobility offers rapid, gas-phase separations that are readily integrated with IMS workflows in order to provide additional data dimensionality that can improve signal-to-noise, dynamic range, and specificity. Here, we highlight recent examples of ion mobility coupled to IMS and highlight their importance to the field.
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Key Words
- IMS
- desorption electrospray ionization, DESI
- drift tube ion mobility spectrometry, DTIMS
- high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility, FAIMS
- imaging mass spectrometry
- infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization, IR-MALDESI
- ion mobility
- laser ablation electrospray ionization, LAESI
- lipids
- liquid extraction surface analysis, LESA
- liquid microjunction, (LMJ)
- matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization, MALDI
- metabolites
- proteins
- tissue analysis
- trapped ion mobility spectrometry, TIMS
- travelling wave ion mobility spectrometry, TWIMS
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio S. Rivera
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, 607 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37205, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, 465 21 Ave S #9160, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Katerina V. Djambazova
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, 465 21 Ave S #9160, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 7330 Stevenson Center, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Elizabeth K. Neumann
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, 607 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37205, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, 465 21 Ave S #9160, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Richard M. Caprioli
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, 607 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37205, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, 465 21 Ave S #9160, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 7330 Stevenson Center, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 465 21 Ave S #9160, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Spraggins
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, 607 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37205, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, 465 21 Ave S #9160, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 7330 Stevenson Center, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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Ekelöf M, Dodds J, Khodjaniyazova S, Garrard KP, Baker ES, Muddiman DC. Coupling IR-MALDESI with Drift Tube Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry for High-Throughput Screening and Imaging Applications. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:642-650. [PMID: 31971795 PMCID: PMC7263366 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Because of its high degree of selectivity and chemical resolution, mass spectrometry (MS) is rapidly becoming the analytical method of choice for high-throughput evaluations and clinical diagnostics. While advances in MS resolving power have increased by an order of magnitude over the past decade, advances in sample introduction are still needed for high-throughput screening applications where the time frame of chromatographic separation would limit the duty cycle. Infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) is an ambient ionization source that has been shown to be applicable for direct analyses and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of complex biological samples in a high-throughput manner. To increase a range of detectable features in IR-MALDESI experiments, we integrated the home-built ion source with a commercially available drift tube ion mobility spectrometer-mass spectrometer (IMS-MS) and analyzed small polar molecules, lipids, carbohydrates, and intact proteins. We also describe in detail how the pulsed ionization source was synchronized with IMS-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Måns Ekelöf
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - James Dodds
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Sitora Khodjaniyazova
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kenneth P Garrard
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Precision Engineering Consortium, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Erin S Baker
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - David C Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Molecular Education, Technology, and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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Stopka SA, Agtuca BJ, Koppenaal DW, Paša-Tolić L, Stacey G, Vertes A, Anderton CR. Laser-ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with ion mobility separation reveals metabolites in the symbiotic interactions of soybean roots and rhizobia. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 91:340-354. [PMID: 28394446 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Technologies enabling in situ metabolic profiling of living plant systems are invaluable for understanding physiological processes and could be used for rapid phenotypic screening (e.g., to produce plants with superior biological nitrogen-fixing ability). The symbiotic interaction between legumes and nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria results in a specialized plant organ (i.e., root nodule) where the exchange of nutrients between host and endosymbiont occurs. Laser-ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LAESI-MS) is a method that can be performed under ambient conditions requiring minimal sample preparation. Here, we employed LAESI-MS to explore the well characterized symbiosis between soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) and its compatible symbiont, Bradyrhizobium japonicum. The utilization of ion mobility separation (IMS) improved the molecular coverage, selectivity, and identification of the detected biomolecules. Specifically, incorporation of IMS resulted in an increase of 153 differentially abundant spectral features in the nodule samples. The data presented demonstrate the advantages of using LAESI-IMS-MS for the rapid analysis of intact root nodules, uninfected root segments, and free-living rhizobia. Untargeted pathway analysis revealed several metabolic processes within the nodule (e.g., zeatin, riboflavin, and purine synthesis). Compounds specific to the uninfected root and bacteria were also detected. Lastly, we performed depth profiling of intact nodules to reveal the location of metabolites to the cortex and inside the infected region, and lateral profiling of sectioned nodules confirmed these molecular distributions. Our results established the feasibility of LAESI-IMS-MS for the analysis and spatial mapping of plant tissues, with its specific demonstration to improve our understanding of the soybean-rhizobial symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia A Stopka
- Department of Chemistry, W. M. Keck Institute for Proteomics Technology and Applications, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Beverly J Agtuca
- Divisions of Plant Sciences and Biochemistry, C. S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - David W Koppenaal
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Ljiljana Paša-Tolić
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Gary Stacey
- Divisions of Plant Sciences and Biochemistry, C. S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Akos Vertes
- Department of Chemistry, W. M. Keck Institute for Proteomics Technology and Applications, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Christopher R Anderton
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
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Kiss A, Hopfgartner G. Laser-based methods for the analysis of low molecular weight compounds in biological matrices. Methods 2016; 104:142-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Cahill JF, Kertesz V, Van Berkel GJ. Laser dissection sampling modes for direct mass spectral analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:611-9. [PMID: 26842582 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Laser microdissection coupled directly with mass spectrometry provides the capability of on-line analysis of substrates with high spatial resolution, high collection efficiency, and freedom on shape and size of the sampling area. Establishing the merits and capabilities of the different sampling modes that the system provides is necessary in order to select the best sampling mode for characterizing analytically challenging samples. METHODS The capabilities of laser ablation spot sampling, laser ablation raster sampling, and laser 'cut and drop' sampling modes of a hybrid optical microscopy/laser ablation liquid vortex capture electrospray ionization mass spectrometry system were compared for the analysis of single cells and tissue. RESULTS Single Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells were monitored for their monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and diacylglyceryltrimethylhomo-Ser (DGTS) lipid content using the laser spot sampling mode, which was capable of ablating individual cells (~4-15 μm) even when agglomerated together. Turbid Allium Cepa cells (~150 μm) having unique shapes difficult to precisely measure using the other sampling modes could be ablated in their entirety using laser raster sampling. Intact microdissections of specific regions of a cocaine-dosed mouse brain tissue were compared using laser 'cut and drop' sampling. Since in laser 'cut and drop' sampling whole and otherwise unmodified sections are captured into the probe, 100% collection efficiencies were achieved. Laser ablation spot sampling has the highest spatial resolution of any sampling mode, while laser ablation raster sampling has the highest sampling area adaptability of the sampling modes. CONCLUSIONS Laser ablation spot sampling has the highest spatial resolution of any sampling mode, useful in this case for the analysis of single cells. Laser ablation raster sampling was best for sampling regions with unique shapes that are difficult to measure using other sampling modes. Laser 'cut and drop' sampling can be used for cases where the highest sensitivity is needed, for example, monitoring drugs present in trace amounts in tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Cahill
- Mass Spectrometry and Laser Spectroscopy Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6131, USA
| | - Vilmos Kertesz
- Mass Spectrometry and Laser Spectroscopy Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6131, USA
| | - Gary J Van Berkel
- Mass Spectrometry and Laser Spectroscopy Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6131, USA
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9
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Turnover rates in microorganisms by laser ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and pulse-chase analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 902:1-7. [PMID: 26703248 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical processes rely on elaborate networks containing thousands of compounds participating in thousands of reaction. Rapid turnover of diverse metabolites and lipids in an organism is an essential part of homeostasis. It affects energy production and storage, two important processes utilized in bioengineering. Conventional approaches to simultaneously quantify a large number of turnover rates in biological systems are currently not feasible. Here we show that pulse-chase analysis followed by laser ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LAESI-MS) enable the simultaneous and rapid determination of metabolic turnover rates. The incorporation of ion mobility separation (IMS) allowed an additional dimension of analysis, i.e., the detection and identification of isotopologs based on their collision cross sections. We demonstrated these capabilities by determining metabolite, lipid, and peptide turnover in the photosynthetic green algae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, in the presence of (15)N-labeled ammonium chloride as the main nitrogen source. Following the reversal of isotope patterns in the chase phase by LAESI-IMS-MS revealed the turnover rates and half-lives for biochemical species with a wide range of natural concentrations, e.g., chlorophyll metabolites, lipids, and peptides. For example, the half-lives of lyso-DGTS(16:0) and DGTS(18:3/16:0), t1/2 = 43.6 ± 4.5 h and 47.6 ± 2.2 h, respectively, provided insight into lipid synthesis and degradation in this organism. Within the same experiment, half-lives for chlorophyll a, t1/2 = 24.1 ± 2.2 h, and a 2.8 kDa peptide, t1/2 = 10.4 ± 3.6 h, were also determined.
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10
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Maldini M, Natella F, Baima S, Morelli G, Scaccini C, Langridge J, Astarita G. Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Predominant Alterations in Lipid Metabolism Following Light Exposure in Broccoli Sprouts. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:13678-91. [PMID: 26084047 PMCID: PMC4490517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160613678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of vegetables belonging to the family Brassicaceae (e.g., broccoli and cauliflower) is linked to a reduced incidence of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The molecular composition of such plants is strongly affected by growing conditions. Here we developed an unbiased metabolomics approach to investigate the effect of light and dark exposure on the metabolome of broccoli sprouts and we applied such an approach to provide a bird’s-eye view of the overall metabolic response after light exposure. Broccoli seeds were germinated and grown hydroponically for five days in total darkness or with a light/dark photoperiod (16 h light/8 h dark cycle). We used an ultra-performance liquid-chromatography system coupled to an ion-mobility, time-of-flight mass spectrometer to profile the large array of metabolites present in the sprouts. Differences at the metabolite level between groups were analyzed using multivariate statistical analyses, including principal component analysis and correlation analysis. Altered metabolites were identified by searching publicly available and in-house databases. Metabolite pathway analyses were used to support the identification of subtle but significant changes among groups of related metabolites that may have gone unnoticed with conventional approaches. Besides the chlorophyll pathway, light exposure activated the biosynthesis and metabolism of sterol lipids, prenol lipids, and polyunsaturated lipids, which are essential for the photosynthetic machinery. Our results also revealed that light exposure increased the levels of polyketides, including flavonoids, and oxylipins, which play essential roles in the plant’s developmental processes and defense mechanism against herbivores. This study highlights the significant contribution of light exposure to the ultimate metabolic phenotype, which might affect the cellular physiology and nutritional value of broccoli sprouts. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential of an unbiased omics approach for the comprehensive study of the metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariateresa Maldini
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CRA), 00184 Roma, Italy.
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Fausta Natella
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CRA), 00184 Roma, Italy.
| | - Simona Baima
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CRA), 00184 Roma, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Morelli
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CRA), 00184 Roma, Italy.
| | - Cristina Scaccini
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CRA), 00184 Roma, Italy.
| | - James Langridge
- Waters Corporation, Health Sciences, Milford, MA 01757, USA.
| | - Giuseppe Astarita
- Waters Corporation, Health Sciences, Milford, MA 01757, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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Applications of ion-mobility mass spectrometry for lipid analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:4995-5007. [PMID: 25893801 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8664-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The high chemical complexity of the lipidome is one of the major challenges in lipidomics research. Ion-mobility spectrometry (IMS), a gas-phase electrophoretic technique, makes possible the separation of ions in the gas phase according to their charge, shape, and size. IMS can be combined with mass spectrometry (MS), adding three major benefits to traditional lipidomic approaches. First, IMS-MS allows the determination of the collision cross section (CCS), a physicochemical measure related to the conformational structure of lipid ions. The CCS is used to improve the confidence of lipid identification. Second, IMS-MS provides a new set of hybrid fragmentation experiments. These experiments, which combine collision-induced dissociation with ion-mobility separation, improve the specificity of MS/MS-based approaches. Third, IMS-MS improves the peak capacity and signal-to-noise ratio of traditional analytical approaches. In doing so, it allows the separation of complex lipid extracts from interfering isobaric species. Developing in parallel with advances in instrumentation, informatics solutions enable analysts to process and exploit IMS-MS data for qualitative and quantitative applications. Here we review the current approaches for lipidomics research based on IMS-MS, including liquid chromatography-MS and direct-MS analyses of "shotgun" lipidomics and MS imaging.
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12
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Pacini T, Fu W, Gudmundsson S, Chiaravalle AE, Brynjolfson S, Palsson BO, Astarita G, Paglia G. Multidimensional analytical approach based on UHPLC-UV-ion mobility-MS for the screening of natural pigments. Anal Chem 2015; 87:2593-9. [PMID: 25647265 DOI: 10.1021/ac504707n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Here, we propose a novel strategy that combines a typical ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), data-independent mass spectrometry (MS(E)) workflow with traveling wave ion mobility (TWIM) and UV detection, to improve the characterization of carotenoids and chlorophylls in complex biological matrices. UV detection selectively highlighted pigments absorbing at specific wavelengths, while TWIM coupled to MS was used to maximize the peak capacity. We applied this approach for the analysis of pigments in different microalgae samples, including Chlorella vulgaris, Dunaliella salina, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Using UHPLC-UV-MS(E) information (retention time, absorbance at 450 nm, and accurate masses of precursors and product ions), we tentatively identified 26 different pigments (carotenes, chlorophylls, and xanthophylls). By adding TWIM information (collision cross sections), we further resolved 5 isobaric pigments, not resolved by UHPLC-UV-MS(E) alone. The characterization of the molecular phenotypes allowed us to differentiate the microalgae species. Our results demonstrate that a combination of TWIM and UV detection with traditional analytical approaches increases the selectivity and specificity of analysis, providing a new tool to characterize pigments in biological samples. We anticipate that such an analytical approach will be extended to other lipidomics and metabolomics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Pacini
- Center For Systems Biology, University of Iceland , Reykjavik, Iceland
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Bartels B, Svatoš A. Spatially resolved in vivo plant metabolomics by laser ablation-based mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) techniques: LDI-MSI and LAESI. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:471. [PMID: 26217345 PMCID: PMC4498035 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This short review aims to summarize the current developments and applications of mass spectrometry-based methods for in situ profiling and imaging of plants with minimal or no sample pre-treatment or manipulation. Infrared-laser ablation electrospray ionization and UV-laser desorption/ionization methods are reviewed. The underlying mechanisms of the ionization techniques-namely, laser ablation of biological samples and electrospray ionization-as well as variations of the LAESI ion source for specific targets of interest are described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleš Svatoš
- *Correspondence: Aleš Svatoš,Research Group Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, Jena D-07745, Germany,
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