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Figueira MI, Carvalho TMA, Macário-Monteiro J, Cardoso HJ, Correia S, Vaz CV, Duarte AP, Socorro S. The Pros and Cons of Estrogens in Prostate Cancer: An Update with a Focus on Phytoestrogens. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1636. [PMID: 39200101 PMCID: PMC11351860 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of estrogens in prostate cancer (PCa) is shrouded in mystery, with its actions going from angelic to devilish. The findings by Huggins and Hodges establishing PCa as a hormone-sensitive cancer have provided the basis for using estrogens in therapy. However, despite the clinical efficacy in suppressing tumor growth and the panoply of experimental evidence describing its anticarcinogenic effects, estrogens were abolished from PCa treatment because of the adverse secondary effects. Notwithstanding, research work over the years has continued investigating the effects of estrogens, reporting their pros and cons in prostate carcinogenesis. In contrast with the beneficial therapeutic effects, many reports have implicated estrogens in the disruption of prostate cell fate and tissue homeostasis. On the other hand, epidemiological data demonstrating the lower incidence of PCa in Eastern countries associated with a higher consumption of phytoestrogens support the beneficial role of estrogens in counteracting cancer development. Many studies have investigated the effects of phytoestrogens and the underlying mechanisms of action, which may contribute to developing safe estrogen-based anti-PCa therapies. This review compiles the existing data on the anti- and protumorigenic actions of estrogens and summarizes the anticancer effects of several phytoestrogens, highlighting their promising features in PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sílvia Socorro
- CICS-UBI, Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (M.I.F.)
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Sun R, Liang Y, Zhu S, Yin Q, Bian Y, Ma H, Zhao F, Yin G, Tang D. Homotherapy-for-heteropathy of Bupleurum Chinense DC.-Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in treating depression and colorectal cancer: A network pharmacology and animal model approach. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118038. [PMID: 38479544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bupleurum chinense DC.-Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (BS) is a classic drug pair that has good clinical effects on depression and many tumors. However, the concurrent targeting mechanism of how the aforementioned drug pair is valid in the two distinct diseases, has not been clarified yet. AIM OF THE STUDY The components of BS were detected by LC-MS, combined with network pharmacology to explore the active ingredients and common targeting mechanism of its multi-pathway regulation of BS in treating depression and CRC, and to validate the dual effects of BS using the CUMS mice model and orthotopic transplantation tumor mice model of CRC. RESULTS Twenty-nine components were screened, 84 common gene targets were obteined, and the top 5 key targets including STAT3, PIK3R1, PIK3CA, AKT1, IL-6 were identified by PPI network. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways might play a crucial role of BS in regulating depression and CRC. BS significantly modulated CUMS-induced depressive-like behavior, attenuated neuronal damage, and reduced serum EPI and NE levels in CUMS model mice. BS improved the pathological histological changes of solid tumors and liver tissues and inhibited solid tumors and liver metastases in tumor-bearing mice. BS significantly decreased the proteins' expression of IL-6, p-JAK2, p-STAT3, p-PI3K, p-AKT1 in hippocampal tissues and solid tumors, and regulated the levels of IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10 in serum of two models of mice. CONCLUSION BS can exert dual antidepressant and anti-CRC effects by inhibiting the expression of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT pathway proteins and regulating the release of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolan Sun
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yan Liang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shijiao Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qihang Yin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yong Bian
- Labthatory Animal Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hongyue Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Gang Yin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Decai Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Proença C, Freitas M, Ribeiro D, Rufino AT, Fernandes E, Ferreira de Oliveira JMP. The role of flavonoids in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer: A review on targeting signaling pathways and metastasis. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1878-1945. [PMID: 37147865 DOI: 10.1002/med.21966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of cancer is metastasis, a process that entails the spread of cancer cells to distant regions in the body, culminating in tumor formation in secondary organs. Importantly, the proinflammatory environment surrounding cancer cells further contributes to cancer cell transformation and extracellular matrix destruction. During metastasis, front-rear polarity and emergence of migratory and invasive features are manifestations of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). A variety of transcription factors (TFs) are implicated in the execution of EMT, the most prominent belonging to the Snail Family Transcriptional Repressor (SNAI) and Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox (ZEB) families of TFs. These TFs are regulated by interaction with specific microRNAs (miRNAs), as miR34 and miR200. Among the several secondary metabolites produced in plants, flavonoids constitute a major group of bioactive molecules, with several described effects including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antiobesogenic, and anticancer effects. This review scrutinizes the modulatory role of flavonoids on the activity of SNAI/ZEB TFs and on their regulatory miRNAs, miR-34, and miR-200. The modulatory role of flavonoids can attenuate mesenchymal features and stimulate epithelial features, thereby inhibiting and reversing EMT. Moreover, this modulation is concomitant with the attenuation of signaling pathways involved in diverse processes as cell proliferation, cell growth, cell cycle progression, apoptosis inhibition, morphogenesis, cell fate, cell migration, cell polarity, and wound healing. The antimetastatic potential of these versatile compounds is emerging and represents an opportunity for the synthesis of more specific and potent agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Proença
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana T Rufino
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Miguel P Ferreira de Oliveira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Omoboyede V, Ibrahim O, Umar HI, Oke GA, Onile OS, Chukwuemeka PO. Computer-aided analysis of quercetin mechanism of overcoming docetaxel resistance in docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:47. [PMID: 37099169 PMCID: PMC10133427 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00498-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PC) is a silent but potent killer among men. In 2018, PC accounted for more than 350, 000 death cases while more than 1.2 million cases were diagnosed. Docetaxel, a chemotherapeutic drug belonging to the taxane family of drugs, is one of the most potent drugs in combating advanced PC. However, PC cells often evolve resistance against the regimen. Hence, necessitating the search for complementary and alternative therapies. Quercetin, a ubiquitous phytocompound with numerous pharmacological properties, has been reported to reverse docetaxel resistance (DR) in docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer (DRPC). Therefore, this study aimed to explore the mechanism via which quercetin reverses DR in DRPC using an integrative functional network and exploratory cancer genomic data analyses. RESULTS The putative targets of quercetin were retrieved from relevant databases, while the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer (DRPC) were identified by analysing microarray data retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Subsequently, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the overlapping genes between the DEGs and quercetin targets was retrieved from STRING, while the hub genes, which represent the key interacting genes of the network, were identified using the CytoHubba plug-in of Cytoscape. The hub genes were further subjected to a comprehensive analysis aimed at identifying their contribution to the immune microenvironment and overall survival (OS) of PC patients, while their alterations in PC patients were also revealed. The biological roles played by the hub genes in chemotherapeutic resistance include the positive regulation of developmental process, positive regulation of gene expression, negative regulation of cell death, and epithelial cell differentiation among others. CONCLUSION Further analysis revealed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as the most pertinent target of quercetin in reversing DR in DRPC, while molecular docking simulation revealed an effective interaction between quercetin and EGFR. Ultimately, this study provides a scientific rationale for the further exploration of quercetin as a combinational therapy with docetaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Omoboyede
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, P.M.B 704, Nigeria.
- Computer-Aided Therapeutics Laboratory (CATL), School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, P.M.B 704, Nigeria.
- Computer Aided Therapeutics Discovery and Design (CATDD) Group, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, P.M.B 704, Nigeria.
| | - Ochapa Ibrahim
- Computer-Aided Therapeutics Laboratory (CATL), School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, P.M.B 704, Nigeria
- Computer Aided Therapeutics Discovery and Design (CATDD) Group, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, P.M.B 704, Nigeria
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology (SAAT), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, P.M.B 704, Nigeria
| | - Haruna Isiyaku Umar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, P.M.B 704, Nigeria
- Computer Aided Therapeutics Discovery and Design (CATDD) Group, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, P.M.B 704, Nigeria
| | - Grace Ayomide Oke
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology (SAAT), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, P.M.B 704, Nigeria
| | - Olugbenga Samson Onile
- Biotechnology Programme, Department of Biological Sciences, Elizade University, P.M.B, 002 Ilara-Mokin, Ilara-Mokin, 340271, Nigeria
| | - Prosper Obed Chukwuemeka
- Computer-Aided Therapeutics Laboratory (CATL), School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, P.M.B 704, Nigeria
- Computer Aided Therapeutics Discovery and Design (CATDD) Group, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, P.M.B 704, Nigeria
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, P.M.B 704, Nigeria
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Homayoonfal M, Gilasi H, Asemi Z, Mahabady MK, Asemi R, Yousefi B. Quercetin modulates signal transductions and targets non-coding RNAs against cancer development. Cell Signal 2023; 107:110667. [PMID: 37023996 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, various investigations have indicated that natural compounds have great potential in the prevention and treatment of different chronic disorders including different types of cancer. As a bioactive flavonoid, Quercetin (Qu) is a dietary ingredient enjoying high pharmacological values and health-promoting effects due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characterization. Conclusive in vitro and in vivo evidence has revealed that Qu has great potential in cancer prevention and development. Qu exerts its anticancer influences by altering various cellular processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, metastasis, cell cycle, and proliferation. In this way, Qu by targeting numerous signaling pathways as well as non-coding RNAs regulates several cellular mechanisms to suppress cancer occurrence and promotion. This review aimed to summarize the impact of Qu on the molecular pathways and non-coding RNAs in modulating various cancer-associated cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Gilasi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Mahmood Khaksary Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Reza Asemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Agri-Food By-Products in Cancer: New Targets and Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225517. [PMID: 36428610 PMCID: PMC9688227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The globalization and the changes in consumer lifestyles are forcing us to face a deep transformation in food demand and in the organization of the entire food production system. In this new era, the food-loss and food-waste security nexus is relevant in the global debate and avoiding unsustainable waste in agri-food systems as well as the supply chain is a big challenge. "Food waste" is useful for the recovery of its valuable components, thus it can assume the connotation of a "food by-product". Sustainable utilization of agri-food waste by-products provides a great opportunity. Increasing evidence shows that agri-food by-products are a source of different bioactive molecules that lower the inflammatory state and, hence, the aggressiveness of several proliferative diseases. This review aims to summarize the effects of agri-food by-products derivatives, already recognized as promising therapeutics in human diseases, including different cancer types, such as breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer. Here, we examine products modulating or interfering in the signaling mediated by the epidermal growth factor receptor.
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Lee MM, Yu EY, Chau JH, Lam JW, Kwok RT, Wang D, Tang BZ. Inspiration from nature: BioAIEgens for biomedical and sensing applications. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121712. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Liu H, Jiapaer Z, Meng F, Wu W, Hou C, Duan M, Qin Y, Shao S, Zhang M. Construction Of High Loading Natural Active Substances Nanoplatform and Application in Synergistic Tumor Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:2647-2659. [PMID: 35730051 PMCID: PMC9206851 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s364108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Natural bioactive substances have been widely studied for their superior anti-tumor activity and low toxicity. However, natural bioactive substances suffer from poor water-solubility and poor stability in the physiological environment. Therefore, to overcome the drawbacks of natural bioactive substances in tumor therapy, there is an urgent need for an ideal nanocarrier to achieve high bioactive substance loading with low toxicity. Materials and Methods Face-centered cubic hollow mesoporous Prussian Blue (HMPB) NPs were prepared by stepwise hydrothermal method. Among them, PVP served as a protective agent and HCl served as an etching agent. Firstly, MPB NPs were obtained by 0.01 M HCl etching. Then, the highly uniform dispersed HMPB NPs were obtained by further etching with 1 M HCl. Results In this work, we report a pH-responsive therapeutic nanoplatform based on HMPB NPs. Surprisingly, as-prepared HMPB NPs with ultra-high bioactive substances loading capacity of 329 μg mg−1 owing to the large surface area (131.67 m2 g−1) and wide internal pore size distribution (1.8–96.2 nm). Moreover, with the outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency of HMPB NPs (30.13%), natural bioactive substances were released in the tumor microenvironment (TME). HMPB@PC B2 achieved excellent synergistic therapeutic effects of photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy (CT) in vivo and in vitro without causing any extraneous side effects. Conclusion A biocompatible HMPB@PC B2 nanoplatform was constructed by simple physical adsorption. The in vitro and in vivo experiment results demonstrated that the synergy of PTT/CT provided excellent therapeutic efficiency for cervical cancer without toxicity. Altogether, as-designed nanomedicines based on natural bioactive substances may be provide a promising strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiang Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Gentic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyidan Jiapaer
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Gentic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanxing Meng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Gentic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanfeng Wu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Gentic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyi Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjiao Duan
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Gentic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Qin
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Gentic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxuan Shao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Gentic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
| | - Minwei Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Gentic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
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Balogun TA, Ige OM, Alausa AO, Onyeani CO, Tiamiyu ZA, Omoboyowa DA, Saibu OA, Abdullateef OT. Receptor tyrosine kinases as a therapeutic target by natural compounds in cancer treatment. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00346-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are single-pass transmembrane proteins that play significant roles in regulating cellular processes, including cell division and growth. Overexpression and mutations of RTKs have been found in clinical manifestations of different forms of cancer. Therefore, RTKs have received considerable interest as a therapeutic biomarker in the treatment of cancer cells.
Main body of the abstract
Comprehensive data on RTKs, pharmacological and biological properties of natural compounds were systematically searched up to 2021 using relevant keywords from various databases, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The scientific search by various standard electronic resources and databases unveils the effectiveness of medicinal plants in the treatment of various cancers. In vitro and in vivo studies suggested that bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, and many others can be used pharmacologically as RTKs inhibitors (RTKI) either by competing with ATP at the ATP binding site of the tyrosine kinase domain or competing for the receptor extracellular domain. Additionally, studies conducted on animal models indicated that inhibition of RTKs catalytic activity by natural compounds is one of the most effective ways to block the activation of RTKs signaling cascades, thereby hampering the proliferation of cancer cells. Furthermore, various pharmacological experiments, transcriptomic, and proteomic data also reported that cancer cells treated with different plants extracts or isolated phytochemicals exhibited better anticancer properties with minimal side effects than synthetic drugs. Clinically, natural compounds have demonstrated significant anti-proliferative effect via induction of cell apoptosis in cancer cell lines.
Short conclusion
An in-depth knowledge of the mechanism of inhibition and structural characterization of RTKs is important to the design of novel and selective RTKIs. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms and structures of natural compounds RTKI targeting vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor receptor, insulin receptor, and platelet-derived growth factor while also giving future directions to ameliorate the scientific burden of cancer.
Graphic abstract
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Liang Y, Zhao J, Zou H, Zhang J, Zhang T. In vitro and in silico evaluation of EGFR targeting activities of curcumin and its derivatives. Food Funct 2021; 12:10667-10675. [PMID: 34604873 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02002a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As polyphenols from Curcuma longa, curcumin and its derivatives possess numerous bioactivities. Herein, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting activities of curcumin and its derivatives, as well as their structure-activity relationship were investigated. All of the tested compounds exhibited significant inhibition activities against EGFR kinase in homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence assay. Then their antiproliferative activities against Caco-2 were confirmed. The expressions of EGFR and phospho-EGFR proteins were regulated by curcumin and its derivatives. The 3,5-dione and methoxyl groups exerted significant influence on their electrostatic interactions with EGFR. Both hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic contacts were crucial for their binding with EGFR. Interestingly, their EGFR targeting activities were structure-dependent. The binding stabilities of curcumin and its derivatives were different from each other due to their structural diversity. This work indicated that curcumin and its derivatives were potential tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Jingqi Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Haoyang Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Tiehua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Papies J, Emanuel J, Heinemann N, Kulić Ž, Schroeder S, Tenner B, Lehner MD, Seifert G, Müller MA. Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Effects of Pelargonium sidoides DC. Root Extract EPs® 7630 in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Human Lung Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:757666. [PMID: 34759825 PMCID: PMC8573200 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.757666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment options for COVID-19 are currently limited. Drugs reducing both viral loads and SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammatory responses would be ideal candidates for COVID-19 therapeutics. Previous in vitro and clinical studies suggest that the proprietary Pelargonium sidoides DC. root extract EPs 7630 has antiviral and immunomodulatory properties, limiting symptom severity and disease duration of infections with several upper respiratory viruses. Here we assessed if EPs 7630 affects SARS-CoV-2 propagation and the innate immune response in the human lung cell line Calu-3. In direct comparison to other highly pathogenic CoV (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV), SARS-CoV-2 growth was most efficiently inhibited at a non-toxic concentration with an IC50 of 1.61 μg/ml. Particularly, the cellular entry step of SARS-CoV-2 was significantly reduced by EPs 7630 pretreatment (10-100 μg/ml) as shown by spike protein-carrying pseudovirus particles and infectious SARS-CoV-2. Using sequential ultrafiltration, EPs 7630 was separated into fractions containing either prodelphinidins of different oligomerization degrees or small molecule constituents like benzopyranones and purine derivatives. Prodelphinidins with a low oligomerization degree and small molecule constituents were most efficient in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 entry already at 10 μg/ml and had comparable effects on immune gene regulation as EPs 7630. Downregulation of multiple pro-inflammatory genes (CCL5, IL6, IL1B) was accompanied by upregulation of anti-inflammatory TNFAIP3 at 48 h post-infection. At high concentrations (100 μg/ml) moderately oligomerized prodelphinidins reduced SARS-CoV-2 propagation most efficiently and exhibited pronounced immune gene modulation. Assessment of cytokine secretion in EPs 7630-treated and SARS-CoV-2-coinfected Calu-3 cells showed that pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 were elevated whereas multiple other COVID-19-associated cytokines (IL-8, IL-13, TNF-α), chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10), and growth factors (PDGF, VEGF-A, CD40L) were significantly reduced by EPs 7630. SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibition and the differential immunomodulatory functions of EPs 7630 against SARS-CoV-2 encourage further in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Papies
- Institute of Virology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jackson Emanuel
- Institute of Virology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolas Heinemann
- Institute of Virology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Žarko Kulić
- Preclinical R & D, Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH & Co. KG, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Simon Schroeder
- Institute of Virology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Tenner
- Institute of Virology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin D. Lehner
- Preclinical R & D, Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH & Co. KG, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Georg Seifert
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Otto-Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcel A. Müller
- Institute of Virology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
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12
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Ghosh S, Hazra J, Pal K, Nelson VK, Pal M. Prostate cancer: Therapeutic prospect with herbal medicine. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2021; 2:100034. [PMID: 34909665 PMCID: PMC8663990 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2021.100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in men worldwide. A geographic variation on the burden of the disease suggested that the environment, genetic makeup, lifestyle, and food habits modulate one's susceptibility to the disease. Although it has been generally thought to be an older age disease, and awareness and timely execution of screening programs have managed to contain the disease in the older population over the last decades, the incidence is still increasing in the population younger than 50. Existing treatment is efficient for PCa that is localized and responsive to androgen. However, the androgen resistant and metastatic PCa are challenging to treat. Conventional radiation and chemotherapies are associated with severe side effects in addition to being exorbitantly expensive. Many isolated phytochemicals and extracts of plants used in traditional medicine are known for their safety and diverse healing properties, including many with varying levels of anti-PCa activities. Many of the phytochemicals discussed here, as shown by many laboratories, inhibit tumor cell growth and proliferation by interfering with the components in the pathways responsible for the enhanced proliferation, metabolism, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis in the prostate cells while upregulating the mechanisms of cell death and cell cycle arrest. Notably, many of these agents simultaneously target multiple cellular pathways. We analyzed the available literature and provided an update on this issue in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvranil Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Joyita Hazra
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Vinod K. Nelson
- Department of Pharmacology, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Mahadeb Pal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shabestari FA, Vaezi S, Abak A, Shoorei H, Karimi A, Taheri M, Basiri A. Emerging impact of quercetin in the treatment of prostate cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111548. [PMID: 34311541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid agent detected in fruits and vegetables with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. This flavonoid can suppress cell cycle transition and induce apoptosis in neoplastic cells. Therapeutic effects of quercetin have been assessed in diverse cancers including prostate cancer through the establishment of in vitro and in vivo experiments. Moreover, this agent might prevent the initiation of this type of cancer as it indirectly blocks the activity of promoters of two important genes in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer i.e. androgen receptor (AR) and prostate specific antigen (PSA). Several in vitro investigations have identified the differential influence of quercetin on normal prostate cells versus neoplastic cells, emphasizing its specific cytotoxic effects on cancerous cells. The most appreciated route of quercetin effect on prostate cancer cells is the detachment of Bax from Bcl-xL and the stimulation of caspase families. Besides, quercetin might enhance the effects of other therapeutic options against prostate cancer. For instance, a combination of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and quercetin has been recommended as a novel modality for the treatment of prostate cancer. These kinds of strategies might overcome resistance to apoptosis in cancer cells. In the current paper, we summarize the recent data about the preventive and therapeutic influences of quercetin in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saba Vaezi
- Department of Nutrition, Marand Medical Science Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
| | - Atefe Abak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Arash Karimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Basiri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Almatroodi SA, Alsahli MA, Almatroudi A, Verma AK, Aloliqi A, Allemailem KS, Khan AA, Rahmani AH. Potential Therapeutic Targets of Quercetin, a Plant Flavonol, and Its Role in the Therapy of Various Types of Cancer through the Modulation of Various Cell Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051315. [PMID: 33804548 PMCID: PMC7957552 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic flavonoids are considered natural, non-toxic chemopreventers, which are most commonly derived from plants, fruits, and vegetables. Most of these polyphenolics exhibit remarkable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Quercetin (Qu) is a chief representative of these polyphenolic compounds, which exhibits excellent antioxidant and anticancer potential, and has attracted the attention of researchers working in the area of cancer biology. Qu can regulate numerous tumor-related activities, such as oxidative stress, angiogenesis, cell cycle, tumor necrosis factor, proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. The anticancer properties of Qu mainly occur through the modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), apoptosis, phosphatidyl inositol-3-kinase (P13K)/Akt (proteinase-kinase B)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase)/ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2), and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. The anticancer potential of Qu is documented in numerous in vivo and in vitro studies, involving several animal models and cell lines. Remarkably, this phytochemical possesses toxic activities against cancerous cells only, with limited toxic effects on normal cells. In this review, we present extensive research investigations aimed to discuss the therapeutic potential of Qu in the management of different types of cancers. The anticancer potential of Qu is specifically discussed by focusing its ability to target specific molecular signaling, such as p53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), VEGF, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), PI3K/Akt, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. The anticancer potential of Qu has gained remarkable interest, but the exact mechanism of its action remains unclear. However, this natural compound has great pharmacological potential; it is now believed to be a complementary—or alternative—medicine for the prevention and treatment of different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Amit Kumar Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 51542, India;
| | - Abdulaziz Aloliqi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Li ZL, Mi J, Lu L, Luo Q, Liu X, Yan YM, Jin B, Cao YL, Zeng XX, Ran LW. The main anthocyanin monomer of Lycium ruthenicum Murray induces apoptosis through the ROS/PTEN/PI3K/Akt/caspase 3 signaling pathway in prostate cancer DU-145 cells. Food Funct 2021; 12:1818-1828. [PMID: 33527955 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02382e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins have been reported to have effective chemopreventive activity. Lycium ruthenicum Murray is rich in anthocyanins and exhibits many biological activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and possible biological mechanism of the main anthocyanin monomer (Pt3G) of Lycium ruthenicum Murray on prostate cancer DU-145 cells. The cell proliferation was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. The cell apoptosis rates were assessed by flow cytometric analysis and TUNEL assay. The expressions of apoptosis related proteins were evaluated by western blotting. Our data demonstrated that Pt3G inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and promoted cell cycle arrest at the S phase in a concentration-dependent manner (0, 100, 200 and 400 μg mL-1). Furthermore, it was shown that Pt3G decreased the mitochondrial membrane permeability through regulating the expressions of Bax and Bcl-2. Western blot analysis indicated that Pt3G significantly increased the expression of PTEN and then activated the PI3K/Akt-mediated caspase 3 pathway. In addition, our results also suggested that Pt3G activated the PTEN gene to induce the apoptosis of DU-145 cells by stimulating the overproduction of ROS. To sum up, these results indicate that Pt3G inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis through the ROS/PTEN/PI3K/Akt/caspase 3 signaling pathway in prostate cancer DU-145 cells. Therefore, Pt3G of Lycium ruthenicum Murray may be a potential anti-proliferative agent for the prevention or treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Long Li
- College of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Dhanaraj T, Mohan M, Arunakaran J. Quercetin attenuates metastatic ability of human metastatic ovarian cancer cells via modulating multiple signaling molecules involved in cell survival, proliferation, migration and adhesion. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 701:108795. [PMID: 33577840 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynaecology related cancer due to its high metastasizing ability. Quercetin is the most abundant flavonoids received increased interest due to its anti-cancer properties. Although the anticancer property of quercetin is very well known, its anti-metastatic effect on metastatic ovarian cancer cells and their underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. Quercetin treatment at 50 μM and 75 μM concentration inhibit human metastatic ovarian cancer PA-1 cell survival and proliferation via inactivating PI3k/Akt, Ras/Raf pathways and EGFR expression. It also alters the expression of N-cadherin in PA-1 cells. Quercetin also decreases the secretion of gelatinase enzyme, proteolytic activity of MMP-2/-9, and both MMPs gene expression in metastatic ovarian cancer PA-1 cells. In addition to this quercetin inhibits the migration of PA-1 cells. Treatment of quercetin with PA-1 cells also downregulates the tight junctional molecules such as Claudin-4 and Claudin-11 while upregulates the expression of occludin. It is further validated by cell adhesion assay in which quercetin reduces the adhesion of PA-1 ovarian cancer cells. Results suggest that quercetin inhibits cell survival, proliferation, migration, and adhesion which plays crucial role in ovarian cancer metastasis. Hence, it could be a valuable therapeutic drug for the treatment and prevention of metastatic ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teekaraman Dhanaraj
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. A.L.M. Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai - 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manju Mohan
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. A.L.M. Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai - 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jagadeesan Arunakaran
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. A.L.M. Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai - 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Exploring the Antitumor Mechanisms of Zingiberis Rhizoma Combined with Coptidis Rhizoma Using a Network Pharmacology Approach. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8887982. [PMID: 33426081 PMCID: PMC7781700 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8887982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Although the combination of Zingiberis rhizoma (ZR) and Coptidis rhizoma (CR) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine-based herbal pair used for its antitumor effect, the material basis and underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, a network pharmacology approach was used to elucidate the antitumor mechanisms of ZR-CR. Materials and Methods To predict the targets of ZR-CR in treating tumors, we constructed protein–protein interactions and hub component-target networks and performed pathway and process enrichment and molecular docking analysis. We used a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay to validate the predicted component-target affinities. Hub gene expression and survival analysis in patients with tumors were used to predict the clinical significance. Results The active components of ZR-CR—shogaol, daucosterol, ginkgetin, berberine, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and vanillic acid—exhibited antitumor activities via the MAPK, PI3K-AKT, TNF, FOXO, HIF-1, and VEGF signaling pathways. Molecular docking and SPR analyses suggested direct binding of berberine with AKT1 and TP53; quercetin with EGFR and VEGF165; and ginkgetin, isoginkgetin, and daucosterol with VEGF165 with weak affinities. Gene expression levels of the hub targets of ZR-CR were associated with overall survival and disease-free survival in patients with various tumor types. Conclusions The antitumor components of the ZR-CR herbal pair and the mechanisms underlying their antitumor effects were identified. These antitumor components deserve to be explored further in experimental and clinical studies.
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Wang R, Zhu W, Peng J, Li K, Li C. Lipid rafts as potential mechanistic targets underlying the pleiotropic actions of polyphenols. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:311-324. [PMID: 32951435 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1815171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols have attracted a lot of global attention due to their diverse biological actions against cancer, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Although extensive research has been carried out to elucidate the mechanisms of pleiotropic actions of polyphenols, this remains unclear. Lipid rafts are distinct nanodomains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids, present in the inner and outer leaflets of cell membranes, forming functional platforms for the regulation of cellular processes and diseases. Recent studies focusing on the interaction between polyphenols and cellular lipid rafts shed new light on the pleiotropic actions of polyphenols. Polyphenols are postulated to interact with lipid rafts in two ways: first, they interfere with the structural integrity of lipid rafts, by disrupting their structure and clustering of the ordered domains; second, they modulate the downstream signaling pathways mediated by lipid rafts, by binding to receptor proteins associated with lipid rafts, such as the 67 kDa laminin receptor (67LR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and others. This study aims to elaborate the mechanism of interaction between polyphenols and lipid rafts, and describe pleiotropic preventive effects of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinming Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaikai Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
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Systematic Elucidation of the Mechanism of Quercetin against Gastric Cancer via Network Pharmacology Approach. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3860213. [PMID: 32964029 PMCID: PMC7486643 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3860213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at elucidating the potential mechanisms of quercetin in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). A network pharmacology approach was used to analyze the targets and pathways of quercetin in treating GC. The predicted targets of quercetin against GC were obtained through database mining, and the correlation of these targets with GC was analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Next, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and overall survival (OS) analysis of hub targets was performed using the Kaplan–Meier Plotter online tool. Finally, the mechanism was further analyzed via molecular docking of quercetin with the hub targets. Thirty-six quercetin-related genes were identified, 15 of which overlapped with GC-related targets. These targets were further mapped to 319 GO biological process terms and 10 remarkable pathways. In the PPI network analysis, six hub targets were identified, including AKT1, EGFR, SRC, IGF1R, PTK2, and KDR. The high expression of these targets was related to poor OS in GC patients. Molecular docking analysis confirmed that quercetin can bind to these hub targets. In conclusion, this study provided a novel approach to reveal the therapeutic mechanisms of quercetin on GC, which will ease the future clinical application of quercetin in the treatment of GC.
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Fontana F, Raimondi M, Marzagalli M, Di Domizio A, Limonta P. Natural Compounds in Prostate Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020460. [PMID: 32085497 PMCID: PMC7072821 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a major cause of cancer mortality among men in developed countries. Patients with recurrent disease initially respond to androgen-deprivation therapy, but the tumor eventually progresses into castration-resistant PCa; in this condition, tumor cells acquire the ability to escape cell death and develop resistance to current therapies. Thus, new therapeutic approaches for PCa management are urgently needed. In this setting, natural products have been extensively studied for their anti-PCa activities, such as tumor growth suppression, cell death induction, and inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis. Additionally, numerous studies have shown that phytochemicals can specifically target the androgen receptor (AR) signaling, as well as the PCa stem cells (PCSCs). Interestingly, many clinical trials have been conducted to test the efficacy of nutraceuticals in human subjects, and they have partially confirmed the promising results obtained in vitro and in preclinical models. This article summarizes the anti-cancer mechanisms and therapeutic potentials of different natural compounds in the context of PCa prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fontana
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Michela Raimondi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Monica Marzagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Alessandro Di Domizio
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
- SPILLOproject, 20037 Paderno Dugnano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Limonta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0250318213
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Alm-Eldeen A, Khamis A, Elfiky N, Ahmad R. Quercetin modulates age-induced changes in the transcript levels of some apoptosis related genes in the skeletal muscles of male rats. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-979020200003180861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Pharmacological basis and new insights of quercetin action in respect to its anti-cancer effects. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109604. [PMID: 31733570 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a kind of flavonoid compounds that comes from nature and is widely existed in the daily diet. Previous studies have found that quercetin has many effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and anti-cancer. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated that quercetin can exert anti-tumor effects by altering cell cycle progression, inhibiting cell proliferation, promoting apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis and metastasis progression, and affecting autophagy. This review summarizes the evidence for the pharmacological potential and inhibition of quercetin on cancers, supporting the viewpoint that quercetin should be adequately considered as a therapeutic agent against various cancers.
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Maruca A, Catalano R, Bagetta D, Mesiti F, Ambrosio FA, Romeo I, Moraca F, Rocca R, Ortuso F, Artese A, Costa G, Alcaro S, Lupia A. The Mediterranean Diet as source of bioactive compounds with multi-targeting anti-cancer profile. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111579. [PMID: 31398616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Many bioactive agents have been extracted from plants or belong to functional foods and have been considered in the treatment of serious and multifactorial diseases, such as cancer. In particular, this review is focused on the anti-cancer properties owned by several natural products typically from the Mediterranean area. In some regions of the South of Italy, a lower cancer incidence has been observed. There is increasing evidence that adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern correlates with reduced risk of several cancer types. This could be mainly attributed to the typical lifestyle aspects of the Mediterranean diet, such as high consumption of fruit and vegetables. In this review, the main natural products of the Mediterranean area are discussed, with particular attention on their anti-cancer properties endowed with multi-target profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Maruca
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Raffaella Catalano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Donatella Bagetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Mesiti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Alessandra Ambrosio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Isabella Romeo
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Federica Moraca
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Rocca
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine "Magna Græcia" University, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Francesco Ortuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Artese
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Lupia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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Size-Dependent Biological Effects of Quercetin Nanocrystals. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071438. [PMID: 30979064 PMCID: PMC6479833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (QE) is an attractive natural compound for cancer prevention due to its beneficial anti-oxidative and anti-proliferative effects. However, QE is poorly soluble in water and slightly soluble in oil, which results in its low oral bioavailability and limits its application in the clinic. The aim of this study was to prepare QE nanocrystals (QE-NCs) with improved solubility and high drug loading, furthermore, the size-dependent anti-cancer effects of QE-NCs were studied. We prepared QE-NCs with three different particle sizes by wet milling, then, cell proliferation, migration and invasion were studied in A549 cells. The QE-NCs had antitumor effects in a dose- and size-dependent manner. Compared with the large particles, the small particles had a strong inhibitory impact on cell biological effects (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Moreover, Western blot assay indicated that QE-NCs may inhibit the migration and invasion of A549 cells by inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway, and the particle size may have an effect on this process. In this study, it was proven that NCs could dramatically enhance the anticancer efficacy of QE at the cellular level. In addition, particle size had a considerable influence on the dissolution behavior and antitumor effects of NCs.
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25
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Rajaram P, Jiang Z, Chen G, Rivera A, Phasakda A, Zhang Q, Zheng S, Wang G, Chen QH. Nitrogen-containing derivatives of O-tetramethylquercetin: Synthesis and biological profiles in prostate cancer cell models. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:227-239. [PMID: 30904813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Forty-eight nitrogen-containing quercetin derivatives were synthesized from readily available rutin or quercetin for the in vitro evaluation of their biological profiles. The WST-1 cell proliferation assay data indicate that thirty-nine out of the forty-eight derivatives possess significantly improved antiproliferative potency as compared with quercetin and fisetin, as well as the parent 3,3',4',7-O-tetramethylquercetin toward both androgen-sensitive (LNCaP) and androgen-insensitive (PC-3 and DU145) human prostate cancer cell lines. 5-O-Aminoalkyl-3,3',4',7-O-tetramethylquercetins were established as a better scaffold for further development as anti-prostate cancer agents. Among them, 5-O-(N,N-dibutylamino)propyl-3,3',4',7-O-tetramethylquercetin (44) was identified as the optimal derivative with IC50 values of 0.55-2.82 µM, being over 35-182 times more potent than quercetin. The flow cytometry-based assays further demonstrate that 44 effectively activates PC-3 cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravien Rajaram
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Ziran Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Guanglin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Alyssa Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Alison Phasakda
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Shilong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Qiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA.
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Kirsanov KI, Vlasova OA, Fetisov TI, Zenkov RG, Lesovaya EA, Belitsky GA, Gurova K, Yakubovskaya MG. Influence of DNA-binding compounds with cancer preventive activity on the mechanisms of gene expression regulation. ADVANCES IN MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.17650/2313-805x-2018-5-4-41-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. I. Kirsanov
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
| | - O. A. Vlasova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - T. I. Fetisov
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - R. G. Zenkov
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - E. A. Lesovaya
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University
| | - G. A. Belitsky
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | | | - M. G. Yakubovskaya
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
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27
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Li X, Zhang C, Guo S, Rajaram P, Lee M, Chen G, Fong R, Gonzalez A, Zhang Q, Zheng S, Wang G, Chen QH. Structure-activity relationship and pharmacokinetic studies of 3-O-substitutedflavonols as anti-prostate cancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:978-993. [PMID: 30165345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-eight 3-O-substituted-3',4'-dimethoxyflavonols and twenty-five 3-O-substituted-3',4',7-trimethoxyflavonols have been synthesized for systematic investigation on the structure-activity relationships of 3-O-substituted-3',4'-dimethoxyflavonols in three human prostate cancer cell models. Our findings indicate that incorporation of an appropriate amino group to 3-OH of 3',4'-dimethoxyflavonol and 3',4',7-trimethoxyflavonol through a 3- to 5-carbon linker can substantially improve the in vitro antiproliferative potency in three human prostate cancer cell models, but not in two non-neoplastic human epithelial cell models (MCF 10A and PWR-1E). 1-Methylpiperazine, pyrrolidine, and dibutylamine are optimal terminal amine groups that, in combination with a 3- to 5-carbon linker, are notably beneficial to the anti-proliferative potency of 3-O-substituted-3',4'-dimethoxyflavonols. It is worth noting that 3-O-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl-3',4',7-trimethoxyflavonol (76) induces PC-3 cell death in a completely different way from 3-O-pyrrolidinopentyl-3',4',7-trimethoxyflavonol (81) even though they belong to 3-O-substituted-3',4',7-trimethoxyflavonols and exhibit similar potency in inhibiting PC-3 cell proliferation, suggesting that the mechanism of action for each specific 3-O-substitutedflavonol varies with different amino moiety. 3-O-(N,N-Dibutylamino)propyl-3',4'-dimethoxyflavonol (42) emerged as the most promising derivative due to its substantially improved potency in cell models, superior bioavailability in rats, and good selectivity of inhibiting prostate cancer cell proliferation over non-neoplastic human epithelial cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA
| | - Changde Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA; RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA
| | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA; RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA
| | - Pravien Rajaram
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA
| | - Maizie Lee
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA
| | - Guanglin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA
| | - Ryan Fong
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA
| | - Aaron Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA; RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA
| | - Shilong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA; RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA; RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA
| | - Qiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA.
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28
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Li ZP, Liu HB, Zhang QW, Li LF, Bao WR, Ma DL, Leung CH, Bian ZX, Lu AP, Han QB. Interference of Quercetin on Astragalus Polysaccharide-Induced Macrophage Activation. Molecules 2018; 23:E1563. [PMID: 29958399 PMCID: PMC6100010 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides, which exert immunoregulatory effects, are becoming more and more popular as food supplements; however, certain components of ordinary foods could be reducing the polysaccharides beneficial effects. Quercetin, a flavonoid found in common fruits and vegetables, is one such component. This study investigated the effects of quercetin on Astragalus polysaccharide RAP induced-macrophage activation. The results show quercetin decreases the NO production and iNOS gene expression in RAW264.7 cells, and it inhibits the production of cytokines in RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. Western blot analysis results suggest that quercetin inhibits the phosphorylation of Akt/mTORC1, MAPKs, and TBK1, but has no effect on NF-κB in RAP-induced RAW264.7 cells. Taken together, the results show that quercetin partly inhibits macrophage activation by the Astragalus polysaccharide RAP. This study demonstrates that quercetin-containing foods may interfere with the immune-enhancing effects of Astragalus polysaccharide RAP to a certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hong-Bing Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Quan-Wei Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Li-Feng Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wan-Rong Bao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ai-Ping Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Quan-Bin Han
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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29
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Raffa D, Maggio B, Raimondi MV, Plescia F, Daidone G. Recent discoveries of anticancer flavonoids. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:213-228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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30
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Lee K, Cho SG, Choi YK, Choi YJ, Lee GR, Jeon CY, Ko SG. Herbal prescription, Danggui-Sayuk-Ga-Osuyu-Senggang-Tang, inhibits TNF-α-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:373-380. [PMID: 29115450 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor‑α‑mediated (TNF‑α) epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with distant metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer with poor prognosis. Although traditional herbal medicines have long been used to treat colorectal cancer, the incidence and mortality in patients with colorectal cancer has continued to increase. Danggui‑Sayuk‑Ga‑Osuyu‑Saenggang‑Tang (DSGOST) has long been used for treatment of chills, while few studies have reported its anticancer effect. This study aimed to demonstrate the inhibitory effect of DSGOST on TNF‑α‑mediated invasion and migration of colorectal cancer HCT116 cell lines. MTT was used to measure cell viability. Wound healing and Τranswell invasion assay were used to detect migration and invasion of cells, respectively. The intracellular localization of proteins of interest was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Western blotting was performed to determine the expression level of various proteins. A non‑toxic dose of DSGOST (50 µg/ml) on HCT116 cells was determined by MTT assay. Furthermore, DSGOST prevented the TNF‑α‑induced invasive phenotype in HCT116 cells. DSGOST inhibition of the invasive phenotype was also associated with increased expression of EMT markers. Furthermore, DSGOST treatment blocked TNF‑α‑induced migration and invasion of HCT116 cells. In addition, DSGOST treatment inhibited TNF‑α‑mediated nuclear translocation of Snail. DSGOST treatment also downregulated TNF‑α‑induced phosphorylation of AKT and glycogen synthase kinase‑3β. Therefore, the findings of the current study suggest that DSGOST exhibits anti‑migration and anti‑invasion effects in TNF‑α‑treated HCT116 human colorectal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangwook Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gook Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungbuk 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Kyung Choi
- Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research and Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Jeju 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jeong Choi
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Ri Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Yong Jeon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
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31
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Khamis AA, Salama AF, Kenawy ME, Mohamed TM. Regulation of hepatic hydroxy methyl glutarate - CoA reductase for controlling hypercholesterolemia in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1242-1250. [PMID: 28938515 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor upon developing cardiovascular diseases. This study is aiming to investigate the inhibition role of quercetin on hydroxy methyl glutarate - CoA reductase activity and its gene for attenuating hypercholesterolemia. The kinetic characteristics of HMG-CoA reductase activity were evaluated on extracellular rat liver microsomes. For studying the effect of quercetin by inducing hypercholesterolemia rats by Tyloxapol (i.v.). In addition, rats were treated with different doses of quercetin according to the inhibition constant of this inhibitor. Our results showed that in quercetin rats groups plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL -cholesterol and total lipids levels and hepatic (TBARS) level were significantly decreased as compared with negative control. However, plasma HDL level, hepatic total thiol level, catalase activity and total protein level significantly increased groups as compared with negative control. In addition, HMG-CoA reductase activity was decreased in quercetin groups and this confirmed in gene expression that these groups caused downregulation for HMG-CoA reductase. However, LDL receptor (LDLr) gene expression was upregulated by quercetin. Moreover, histopathological examination of rat liver showed the ameliorative effect of quercetin on hypercholesterolemic effect of triton. In conclusion, quercetin may consider as a new saving candidate for the future development of hypocholesterolemia agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A Khamis
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt, Egypt.
| | - Afrah F Salama
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt, Egypt
| | - Marwa E Kenawy
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt, Egypt
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32
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Li X, Lee M, Chen G, Zhang Q, Zheng S, Wang G, Chen QH. 3-O-Substituted-3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavonols: Synthesis and cell-based evaluation as anti-prostate cancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4768-4777. [PMID: 28760528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-two 3-O-substituted-3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavonols have been designed and synthesized for their anti-proliferative activity towards three human prostate cancer cell lines. Our results indicate that most of them are significantly more potent than the parent 3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavonol in inhibiting the cell proliferation in PC-3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cell models. 3-O-Substituted-3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavonols have generally higher potency towards PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines than the DU145 cell line. Incorporation of an ethyl group to 3-OH of 3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavonol leads to 3-O-ethyl-3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavonol as the optimal derivative with up to 36-fold enhanced potency as compared with the corresponding lead compound 3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavonol, but with reversed PC-3 cell apoptotic response. Introduction of a dipentylaminopropyl group to 3-OH increases not only the antiproliferative potency but also the ability in activating PC-3 cell apoptosis. Our findings imply that modification on 3-OH of trimethoxyflavonol can further enhance its in vitro anti-proliferative potency and PC-3 cell apoptosis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Maizie Lee
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Guanglin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Shilong Zheng
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Qiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA.
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Tummala R, Lou W, Gao AC, Nadiminty N. Quercetin Targets hnRNPA1 to Overcome Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:2770-2779. [PMID: 28729398 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains dependent on androgen receptor signaling even after castration. Aberrant androgen receptor signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer is mediated by mechanisms such as alterations in the androgen receptor and activation of interacting signaling pathways. Clinical evidence confirms that resistance to the next-generation antiandrogen, enzalutamide, may be mediated to a large extent by alternative splicing of the androgen receptor to generate constitutively active splice variants such as AR-V7. The splice variants AR-V7 and ARv567es have been implicated in the resistance to not only enzalutamide, but also to abiraterone and other conventional therapeutics such as taxanes. Numerous studies, including ours, suggest that splicing factors such as hnRNPA1 promote the generation of AR-V7, thus contributing to enzalutamide resistance in prostate cancer cells. In the present study, we discovered that quercetin, a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, reduces the expression of hnRNPA1, and consequently, that of AR-V7. The suppression of AR-V7 by quercetin resensitizes enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cells to treatment with enzalutamide. Our results indicate that quercetin downregulates hnRNPA1 expression, downregulates the expression of AR-V7, antagonizes androgen receptor signaling, and resensitizes enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cells to enzalutamide treatment in vivo in mouse xenografts. These findings demonstrate that suppressing the alternative splicing of the androgen receptor may have important implications in overcoming the resistance to next-generation antiandrogen therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(12); 2770-9. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakumar Tummala
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Wei Lou
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Allen C Gao
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Nagalakshmi Nadiminty
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California.
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Quercetin Reverses Rat Liver Preneoplastic Lesions Induced by Chemical Carcinogenesis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:4674918. [PMID: 28740570 PMCID: PMC5504959 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4674918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid widely studied as a chemopreventive agent in different types of cancer. Previously, we reported that quercetin has a chemopreventive effect on the liver-induced preneoplastic lesions in rats. Here, we evaluated if quercetin was able not only to prevent but also to reverse rat liver preneoplastic lesions. We used the modified resistant hepatocyte model (MRHM) to evaluate this possibility. Treatment with quercetin was used 15 days after the induction of preneoplastic lesions. We found that quercetin reverses the number of preneoplastic lesions and their areas. Our results showed that quercetin downregulates the expression of EGFR and modulates this signaling pathway in spite of the activated status of EGFR as detected by the upregulation of this receptor, with respect to that observed in control rats. Besides, quercetin affects the phosphorylation status of Src-1, STAT5, and Sp-1. The better status of the liver after the treatment with quercetin could also be confirmed by the recovery in the expression of IGF-1. In conclusion, we suggest that quercetin reversed preneoplastic lesions by EGFR modulation and the activation state of Src, STAT5, and Sp1, so as the basal IGF-1.
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35
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Balakrishnan S, Mukherjee S, Das S, Bhat FA, Raja Singh P, Patra CR, Arunakaran J. Gold nanoparticles-conjugated quercetin induces apoptosis via inhibition of EGFR/PI3K/Akt-mediated pathway in breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). Cell Biochem Funct 2017; 35:217-231. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Solaimuthu Balakrishnan
- Department of Endocrinology; Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sudip Mukherjee
- Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad Telangana State India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Training and Development Complex; Chennai India
| | - Sourav Das
- Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad Telangana State India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Training and Development Complex; Chennai India
| | - Firdous Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Endocrinology; Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Paulraj Raja Singh
- Department of Endocrinology; Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad Telangana State India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Training and Development Complex; Chennai India
| | - Jagadeesan Arunakaran
- Department of Endocrinology; Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
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Fang J, Cai C, Wang Q, Lin P, Zhao Z, Cheng F. Systems Pharmacology-Based Discovery of Natural Products for Precision Oncology Through Targeting Cancer Mutated Genes. CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 6:177-187. [PMID: 28294568 PMCID: PMC5356618 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Massive cancer genomics data have facilitated the rapid revolution of a novel oncology drug discovery paradigm through targeting clinically relevant driver genes or mutations for the development of precision oncology. Natural products with polypharmacological profiles have been demonstrated as promising agents for the development of novel cancer therapies. In this study, we developed an integrated systems pharmacology framework that facilitated identifying potential natural products that target mutated genes across 15 cancer types or subtypes in the realm of precision medicine. High performance was achieved for our systems pharmacology framework. In case studies, we computationally identified novel anticancer indications for several US Food and Drug Administration-approved or clinically investigational natural products (e.g., resveratrol, quercetin, genistein, and fisetin) through targeting significantly mutated genes in multiple cancer types. In summary, this study provides a powerful tool for the development of molecularly targeted cancer therapies through targeting the clinically actionable alterations by exploiting the systems pharmacology of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - C Cai
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Q Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - P Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Z Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - F Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Complex Networks Research, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Klimaszewska-Wiśniewska A, Hałas-Wiśniewska M, Izdebska M, Gagat M, Grzanka A, Grzanka D. Antiproliferative and antimetastatic action of quercetin on A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells through its effect on the cytoskeleton. Acta Histochem 2017; 119:99-112. [PMID: 27887793 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the effect of the dietary flavonoid quercetin on the main cytoskeletal elements, namely microfilaments, microtubules and vimentin intermediate filaments, as well as cytoskeleton-driven processes in A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells. The methyl-thiazol-diphenyl-tetrazolium assay, annexin V/propidium iodide test, electron microscopic examination, cell cycle analysis based on DNA content, real-time PCR assays, in vitro scratch wound-healing assay, fluorescence staining of F-actin, β-tubulin and vimentin were performed to assess the effects of quercetin on A549 cells. Our results showed that quercetin triggered BCL2/BAX-mediated apoptosis, as well as necrosis and mitotic catastrophe, and inhibited the migratory potential of A549 cells. The disassembling effect of quercetin on microfilaments, microtubules and vimentin filaments along with its inhibitory impact on vimentin and N-cadherin expression might account for the decreased migration of A549 cells in response to quercetin treatment. We also suggest that the possible mechanism underlying quercetin-induced mitotic catastrophe involves the perturbation of mitotic microtubules leading to monopolar spindle formation, and, consequently, to the failure of cytokinesis. We further propose that cytokinesis failure could also be a result of the depletion of actin filaments by quercetin. These findings are important to our further understanding of the detailed mechanism of the antitumor activity of quercetin and render this flavonoid a potentially useful candidate for combination therapy with conventional antimicrotubule drugs, nucleic acid-directed agents or novel cytoskeletal-directed agents.
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Gilley AD, Arca HC, Nichols BL, Mosquera-Giraldo LI, Taylor LS, Edgar KJ, Neilson AP. Novel cellulose-based amorphous solid dispersions enhance quercetin solution concentrations in vitro. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:86-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Lim W, Yang C, Park S, Bazer FW, Song G. Inhibitory Effects of Quercetin on Progression of Human Choriocarcinoma Cells Are Mediated Through PI3K/AKT and MAPK Signal Transduction Cascades. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:1428-1440. [PMID: 27714811 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
As a major dietary flavonol, quercetin mitigates proliferation and progression of cancer due to its anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and apoptotic biological effects on cells. Although its apoptotic effects have been reported for various cancers, little is known of the functional role of quercetin in gestational choriocarcinoma. Results of the present study indicated that quercetin reduced proliferation and induced cell death in two choriocarcinoma cell lines, JAR and JEG3 cells, with an increase in the sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle. In addition, quercetin induced mitochondrial dysfunction significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in both JAR and JEG3 cells. Further, quercetin inhibited phosphorylation of AKT, P70S6K and S6 proteins whereas, it increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, P38, JNK and P90RSK proteins in JAR and JEG3 cells. The decrease in viability of choriocarcinoma cells treated with quercetin was confirmed by using combinations of quercetin and pharmacological inhibitors of the PI3K and MAPK signaling pathways. Classical chemotherapeutic agents, cisplatin (a platinum-based drug) and paclitaxel (a taxene-based drug), inhibited proliferation of JAR and JEG3 cells, and when combined with quercetin, the antiproliferative effects of cisplatin and paclitaxel were enhanced for both choriocarcinoma cell lines. Collectively, these results suggest that quercetin prevents development of choriocarcinoma and may be a valuable therapeutic agent for treatment of choriocarcinoma through its regulation of PI3K and MAPK signal transduction pathways. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1428-1440, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whasun Lim
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwon Yang
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunwoo Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Li X, Chen G, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Zheng S, Wang G, Chen QH. A new class of flavonol-based anti-prostate cancer agents: Design, synthesis, and evaluation in cell models. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4241-5. [PMID: 27476422 PMCID: PMC4987241 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a large class of polyphenolic compounds ubiquitously distributed in dietary plants with an array of biological activities. Flavonols are a major sub-class of flavonoids featuring a hydroxyl group at C-3. Certain natural flavonols, such as quercetin and fisetin, have been shown by in vitro cell-based and in vivo animal experiments to be potential anti-prostate cancer agents. However, the Achilles' heel of flavonols as drug candidates is their moderate potency and poor pharmacokinetic profiles. This study aims to explore the substitution effect of 3-OH in flavonols on the in vitro anti-proliferative potency against both androgen-sensitive and androgen-insensitive human prostate cancer cell lines. Our first lead flavonol (3',4'-dimethoxyflavonol), eight 3-O-alkyl-3',4'-dimethoxyflavonols, and six 3-O-aminoalkyl-3',4'-dimethoxyflavonols have been synthesized through aldol condensation and the Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction. The WST-1 cell proliferation assay indicates (i) that all synthesized 3-O-alkyl-3',4'-dimethoxyflavonols and 3-O-aminoalkyl-3',4'-dimethoxyflavonols are more potent than the parent 3',4'-dimethoxyflavonol and the natural flavonol quercetin in suppressing prostate cancer cell proliferation; and (ii) that incorporation of a dibutylamino group to the 3-OH group through a three- to five-carbon linker leads to the optimal derivatives with up to 292-fold enhanced potency as compared with the parent flavonol. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the most potent derivative 22 can activate PC-3 cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and induce PC-3 cell apoptosis. No inhibitory ability of 22 up to 50μM concentration was observed against PWR-1E normal human epithelial prostate cells, suggesting its in vitro safety profile. The results indicate that chemical modulation at 3-OH is a vital strategy to optimize flavonols as anti-prostate cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Guanglin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Shilong Zheng
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Qiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA.
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Si TL, Liu Q, Ren YF, Li H, Xu XY, Li EH, Pan SY, Zhang JL, Wang KX. Enhanced anti-inflammatory effects of DHA and quercetin in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:499-508. [PMID: 27176922 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + quercetin (QE) used in combination. DHA and QE are natural compounds derived from various foods and have been demonstrated to exert anti‑inflammatory effects The protein mRNA expression involved in the nuclear factor (NF)-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway was analyzed by western blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction methods respectively, other cytokines were detected by an enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay kit. The results of the present study demonstrated that combined treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑stimulated RAW264.7 cells with DHA + QE decreased the levels of pro‑inflammatory mediators to a greater extent than QE or DHA alone. Additionally, DHA + QE synergistically suppressed nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2 and cyclooxygenase-2 levels. Molecular‑level studies indicated that the DHA + QE combination can significantly inhibit the mRNA expression of NF‑κB subunits p50 and p65, extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and c‑JUN N‑terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2, which suggests that the NF‑κB signalling pathway is involved in the synergistic effects observed. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated that DHA + QE synergistically inhibit the phosphorylation of p50, p65, ERK1/2 and JNK1/2. This finding indicates that the enhanced anti‑inflammatory effects of the combined compounds are achieved by suppressing NF‑κB and MAPK signalling in LPS‑stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The results of the present study suggest that DHA and QE in combination may be utilized as potent anti‑inflammatory compounds, with potential preventative or palliative effects on obesity, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Lei Si
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Fei Ren
- National Engineering Research Center For Wheaten Food, Henan Xingtai S&T Industry Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan 450007, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yun Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Er-Hu Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Si-Yi Pan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Jiu-Liang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Xing Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
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Nam JS, Sharma AR, Nguyen LT, Chakraborty C, Sharma G, Lee SS. Application of Bioactive Quercetin in Oncotherapy: From Nutrition to Nanomedicine. Molecules 2016; 21:E108. [PMID: 26797598 PMCID: PMC6273093 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals as dietary constituents are being explored for their cancer preventive properties. Quercetin is a major constituent of various dietary products and recently its anti-cancer potential has been extensively explored, revealing its anti-proliferative effect on different cancer cell lines, both in vitro and in vivo. Quercetin is known to have modulatory effects on cell apoptosis, migration and growth via various signaling pathways. Though, quercetin possesses great medicinal value, its applications as a therapeutic drug are limited. Problems like low oral bioavailability and poor aqueous solubility make quercetin an unreliable candidate for therapeutic purposes. Additionally, the rapid gastrointestinal digestion of quercetin is also a major barrier for its clinical translation. Hence, to overcome these disadvantages quercetin-based nanoformulations are being considered in recent times. Nanoformulations of quercetin have shown promising results in its uptake by the epithelial system as well as enhanced delivery to the target site. Herein we have tried to summarize various methods utilized for nanofabrication of quercetin formulations and for stable and sustained delivery of quercetin. We have also highlighted the various desirable measures for its use as a promising onco-therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Suk Nam
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - Ashish Ranjan Sharma
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - Lich Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Department of Bio-informatics, School of Computer and Information Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 203201, India.
| | - Garima Sharma
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India.
| | - Sang-Soo Lee
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
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Abstract
This review is to describe synergistic effects of various combinations of dietary natural products including curcumin, quercetin, soybean isoflavones, silibinin, and EGCG that have potential for the treatment of prostate cancer. These data can provide valuable insights into the future rational design and development of synergistic and/or hybrid agents for potential treatment of prostate cancer.
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He Y, Cao X, Liu X, Li X, Xu Y, Liu J, Shi J. Quercetin reverses experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension by modulating the TrkA pathway. Exp Cell Res 2015; 339:122-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Bathaie SZ, Faridi N, Nasimian A, Heidarzadeh H, Tamanoi F. How Phytochemicals Prevent Chemical Carcinogens and/or Suppress Tumor Growth? Enzymes 2015; 37:1-42. [PMID: 26298454 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are a powerful group of chemicals that are derived from natural resource, especially with plants origin. They have shown to exhibit chemoprevention and chemotherapeutic effects not only in cell lines and in animal models of cancer but also some of them are in the clinical trial phase I and II. Despite numerous reports of these phytochemical effects on cancer, an overview of the mechanisms of their action and their effects on various cellular and molecular functions important in the inhibition of cancer progression has been lacking. In this review, we attempt to catalogue various studies to examine the effect of phytochemicals in cancer initiation, promotion, signaling, and epigenetic changes. Because of the numerous studies in these topics, we only pointed out to some examples in each section.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zahra Bathaie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Nasim Faridi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Nasimian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Heidarzadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fuyuhiko Tamanoi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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46
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Lea MA. Flavonol Regulation in Tumor Cells. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:1190-4. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Lea
- Department of Microbiology; Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School; Newark New Jersey 07103
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YANG FEIYA, SONG LIMING, WANG HUIPING, WANG JUN, XU ZHIQING, XING NIANZENG. Quercetin in prostate cancer: Chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive effects, mechanisms and clinical application potential (Review). Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2659-68. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Dong YL, Luan ZM, Xue ZY, Li YJ. Complete mitochondrial genome sequence and mutations of the prostate cancer model inbred Sprague-Dawley strain. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2015; 27:2266-7. [PMID: 25714140 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2014.984173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present work we undertook the complete mitochondrial genome sequencing of a important prostate cancer model inbred Sprague-Dawley strain for the first time. The total length of the mitogenome was 16,308 bp. It harbored 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and one non-coding control region (D-loop region). The mutation events were also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Liang Dong
- a Department of Urology , Cangzhou Central Hospital , Hebei , China
| | - Zhi-Min Luan
- b Department of Urology , The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College , China , and
| | - Zong-Yong Xue
- c Department of Urology , The People's Hospital of Gaomi, Weifang , Shandong , China
| | - Ying-Jie Li
- a Department of Urology , Cangzhou Central Hospital , Hebei , China
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50
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Monga J, Aggarwal V, Suthar SK, Monika M, Nongalleima K, Sharma M. Topical (+)-catechin emulsified gel prevents DMBA/TPA-induced squamous cell carcinoma of the skin by modulating antioxidants and inflammatory biomarkers in BALB/c mice. Food Funct 2014; 5:3197-207. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00531g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
An emulsified gel of (+)-catechin was developed and evaluated topically against DMBA/TPA-induced squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in BALB/c mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Monga
- Department of Urology
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
- Chandigarh, India
| | - Vaibhav Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Waknaghat 173234, India
| | - Sharad Kumar Suthar
- Department of Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Waknaghat 173234, India
| | - Monika Monika
- Department of Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Waknaghat 173234, India
| | | | - Manu Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Waknaghat 173234, India
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