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Robinson AD, Hill-Casey F, Duckett SB, Halse ME. Quantitative reaction monitoring using parahydrogen-enhanced benchtop NMR spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14317-14328. [PMID: 38695736 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06221j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The parahydrogen-induced polarisation (PHIP) NMR signal enhancement technique is used to study H2 addition to Vaska's complex (trans-[IrCl(CO)(PPh3)2]) with both standard high-field (9.4 T) NMR and benchtop (1 T) NMR detection. Accurate and repeatable rate constants of (0.84 ± 0.03) dm3 mol-1 s-1 and (0.89 ± 0.03) dm3 mol-1 s-1 were obtained for this model system using standard high-field and benchtop NMR, respectively. The high-field NMR approach is shown to be susceptible to systematic errors associated with interference from non-hyperpolarised signals, which can be overcome through a multiple-quantum filtered acquisition scheme. This challenge is avoided when using benchtop NMR detection because the non-hyperpolarised signals are much weaker due to the lower magnetic field, enabling the use of a simpler and more efficient single RF pulse detection scheme. Method validation against several experimental parameters (NMR relaxation, %pH2 enrichment and temperature) demonstrates the robustness of the benchtop NMR approach but also highlights the need for sample temperature control throughout reaction monitoring. A simple temperature equilibration protocol, coupled with use of an insulated sample holder while manipulating the sample outside the spectrometer, is found to provide sufficient temperature stabilisation to ensure that accurate and repeatable rate constants are obtained. Finally, the benchtop NMR reaction monitoring protocol is applied to the analysis of a complex mixture, where multiple reaction products form simultaneously. H2 addition to a mixture of three Vaska's complex derivatives was monitored, revealing the presence of competitive reaction pathways within the mixture.
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Phuong J, Romero Z, Hasse H, Münnemann K. Polarization transfer methods for quantitative analysis of flowing mixtures with benchtop 13C NMR spectroscopy. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2024; 62:398-411. [PMID: 38114253 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Benchtop NMR spectroscopy is attractive for process monitoring; however, there are still drawbacks that often hamper its use, namely, the comparatively low spectral resolution in 1H NMR, as well as the low signal intensities and problems with the premagnetization of flowing samples in 13C NMR. We show here that all these problems can be overcome by using 1H-13C polarization transfer methods. Two ternary test mixtures (one with overlapping peaks in the 1H NMR spectrum and one with well-separated peaks, which was used as a reference) were studied with a 1 T benchtop NMR spectrometer using the polarization transfer sequence PENDANT (polarization enhancement that is nurtured during attached nucleus testing). The mixtures were analyzed quantitatively in stationary as well as in flow experiments by PENDANT enhanced 13C NMR experiments, and the results were compared with those from the gravimetric sample preparation and from standard 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, as a proxy for a process monitoring application, continuous dilution experiments were carried out, and the composition of the mixture was monitored in a flow setup by 13C NMR benchtop spectroscopy with PENDANT. The results demonstrate the high potential of polarization transfer methods for applications in quantitative process analysis with benchtop NMR instruments, in particular with flowing samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnnie Phuong
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics (LTD), RPTU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Laboratory of Advanced Spin Engineering - Magnetic Resonance (LASE-MR), RPTU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Zeno Romero
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics (LTD), RPTU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Laboratory of Advanced Spin Engineering - Magnetic Resonance (LASE-MR), RPTU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Hans Hasse
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics (LTD), RPTU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Laboratory of Advanced Spin Engineering - Magnetic Resonance (LASE-MR), RPTU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Kerstin Münnemann
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics (LTD), RPTU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Laboratory of Advanced Spin Engineering - Magnetic Resonance (LASE-MR), RPTU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Kristinaityte K, Mames A, Pietrzak M, Westermair FF, Silva W, Gschwind RM, Ratajczyk T, Urbańczyk M. Deeper Insight into Photopolymerization: The Synergy of Time-Resolved Nonuniform Sampling and Diffusion NMR. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13938-13945. [PMID: 35852987 PMCID: PMC9354252 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The comprehensive real-time in situ monitoring of chemical
processes
is a crucial requirement for the in-depth understanding of these processes.
This monitoring facilitates an efficient design of chemicals and materials
with the precise properties that are desired. This work presents the
simultaneous utilization and synergy of two novel time-resolved NMR
methods, i.e., time-resolved diffusion NMR and time-resolved nonuniform
sampling. The first method allows the average diffusion coefficient
of the products to be followed, while the second method enables the
particular products to be monitored. Additionally, the average mass
of the system is calculated with excellent resolution using both techniques.
Employing both methods at the same time and comparing their results
leads to the unequivocal validation of the assignment in the second
method. Importantly, such validation is possible only via the simultaneous
combination of both approaches. While the presented methodology was
utilized for photopolymerization, it can also be employed for any
other polymerization process, complexation, or, in general, chemical
reactions in which the evolution of mass in time is of importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Kristinaityte
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Mames
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Pietrzak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Franz F. Westermair
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Univeristy of Regensburg, Universitätsstraßze 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wagner Silva
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Univeristy of Regensburg, Universitätsstraßze 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ruth M. Gschwind
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Univeristy of Regensburg, Universitätsstraßze 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tomasz Ratajczyk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Urbańczyk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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Lhoste C, Lorandel B, Praud C, Marchand A, Mishra R, Dey A, Bernard A, Dumez JN, Giraudeau P. Ultrafast 2D NMR for the analysis of complex mixtures. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 130-131:1-46. [PMID: 36113916 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
2D NMR is extensively used in many different fields, and its potential for the study of complex biochemical or chemical mixtures has been widely demonstrated. 2D NMR gives the ability to resolve peaks that overlap in 1D spectra, while providing both structural and quantitative information. However, complex mixtures are often analysed in situations where the data acquisition time is a crucial limitation, due to an ongoing chemical reaction or a moving sample from a hyphenated technique, or to the high-throughput requirement associated with large sample collections. Among the great diversity of available fast 2D methods, ultrafast (or single-scan) 2D NMR is probably the most general and versatile approach for complex mixture analysis. Indeed, ultrafast NMR has undergone an impressive number of methodological developments that have helped turn it into an efficient analytical tool, and numerous applications to the analysis of mixtures have been reported. This review first summarizes the main concepts, features and practical limitations of ultrafast 2D NMR, as well as the methodological developments that improved its analytical potential. Then, a detailed description of the main applications of ultrafast 2D NMR to mixture analysis is given. The two major application fields of ultrafast 2D NMR are first covered, i.e., reaction/process monitoring and metabolomics. Then, the potential of ultrafast 2D NMR for the analysis of hyperpolarized mixtures is described, as well as recent developments in oriented media. This review focuses on high-resolution liquid-state 2D experiments (including benchtop NMR) that include at least one spectroscopic dimension (i.e., 2D spectroscopy and DOSY) but does not cover in depth applications without spectral resolution and/or in inhomogeneous fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Lhoste
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
| | | | - Clément Praud
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Achille Marchand
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Rituraj Mishra
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Arnab Dey
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Aurélie Bernard
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
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6
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Herrera CL, Santiago JV, Pastre JC, Correia CRD. In Tandem Auto‐Sustainable Enantioselective Heck‐Matsuda Reactions Directly from Anilines. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - João Victor Santiago
- Institute of Chemistry University of Campinas – UNICAMP Campinas 13083-970 São Paulo Brazil
| | - Julio Cezar Pastre
- Institute of Chemistry University of Campinas – UNICAMP Campinas 13083-970 São Paulo Brazil
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Ben-Tal Y, Boaler PJ, Dale HJA, Dooley RE, Fohn NA, Gao Y, García-Domínguez A, Grant KM, Hall AMR, Hayes HLD, Kucharski MM, Wei R, Lloyd-Jones GC. Mechanistic analysis by NMR spectroscopy: A users guide. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 129:28-106. [PMID: 35292133 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A 'principles and practice' tutorial-style review of the application of solution-phase NMR in the analysis of the mechanisms of homogeneous organic and organometallic reactions and processes. This review of 345 references summarises why solution-phase NMR spectroscopy is uniquely effective in such studies, allowing non-destructive, quantitative analysis of a wide range of nuclei common to organic and organometallic reactions, providing exquisite structural detail, and using instrumentation that is routinely available in most chemistry research facilities. The review is in two parts. The first comprises an introduction to general techniques and equipment, and guidelines for their selection and application. Topics include practical aspects of the reaction itself, reaction monitoring techniques, NMR data acquisition and processing, analysis of temporal concentration data, NMR titrations, DOSY, and the use of isotopes. The second part comprises a series of 15 Case Studies, each selected to illustrate specific techniques and approaches discussed in the first part, including in situ NMR (1/2H, 10/11B, 13C, 15N, 19F, 29Si, 31P), kinetic and equilibrium isotope effects, isotope entrainment, isotope shifts, isotopes at natural abundance, scalar coupling, kinetic analysis (VTNA, RPKA, simulation, steady-state), stopped-flow NMR, flow NMR, rapid injection NMR, pure shift NMR, dynamic nuclear polarisation, 1H/19F DOSY NMR, and in situ illumination NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Ben-Tal
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick J Boaler
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Harvey J A Dale
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth E Dooley
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom; Evotec (UK) Ltd, 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole A Fohn
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrés García-Domínguez
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Katie M Grant
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M R Hall
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah L D Hayes
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Maciej M Kucharski
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ran Wei
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Guy C Lloyd-Jones
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom.
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8
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Abstract
Benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy uses small permanent magnets to generate magnetic fields and therefore offers the advantages of operational simplicity and reasonable cost, presenting a viable alternative to high-field NMR spectroscopy. In particular, the use of benchtop NMR spectroscopy for rapid in-field analysis, e.g., for quality control or forensic science purposes, has attracted considerable attention. As benchtop NMR spectrometers are sufficiently compact to be operated in a fume hood, they can be efficiently used for real-time reaction and process monitoring. This review introduces the recent applications of benchtop NMR spectroscopy in diverse fields, including food science, pharmaceuticals, process and reaction monitoring, metabolomics, and polymer materials.
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Song C, Gao Y, Chen J, Wang L, Bányai I, Shen M, Shi X. Physicochemical aspects of zwitterionic core-shell tecto dendrimers characterized by a thorough NMR investigation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Castaing-Cordier T, Ladroue V, Besacier F, Bulete A, Jacquemin D, Giraudeau P, Farjon J. High-field and benchtop NMR spectroscopy for the characterization of new psychoactive substances. Forensic Sci Int 2021; 321:110718. [PMID: 33601154 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
New psychoactive substances (NPS) have become a serious threat to public health in Europe due to their ability to be sold in the street or on the darknet. Regulating NPS is an urgent priority but comes with a number of analytical challenges since they are structurally similar to legal products. A number of analytical techniques can be used for identifying NPS, among which NMR spectroscopy is a gold standard. High field NMR is typically used for structural elucidation in combination with others techniques like GC-MS, Infrared spectroscopy, together with databases. In addition to their strong ability to elucidate molecular structures, high field NMR techniques are the gold standard for quantification without any physical isolation procedure and with a single internal standard. However, high field NMR remains expensive and emerging "benchtop" NMR apparatus which are cheaper and transportable can be considered as valuable alternatives to high field NMR. Indeed, benchtop NMR, which emerged about ten years ago, makes it possible to carry out structural elucidation and quantification of NPS despite the gap in resolution and sensitivity as compared to high field NMR. This review describes recent advances in the field of NMR applied to the characterization of NPS. High-field NMR methods are first described in view of their complementarity with other analytical methods, focusing on both structural and quantitative aspects. The second part of the review highlights how emerging benchtop NMR approaches could act as a game changer in the field of forensics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Virginie Ladroue
- Institut National de Police Scientifique (INPS), Laboratoire de Lyon (LPS69), Ecully 69134, France
| | - Fabrice Besacier
- Institut National de Police Scientifique (INPS), Laboratoire de Lyon (LPS69), Ecully 69134, France
| | - Audrey Bulete
- Institut National de Police Scientifique (INPS), Laboratoire de Lyon (LPS69), Ecully 69134, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France
| | | | - Jonathan Farjon
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes F-44000, France.
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11
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Matviychuk Y, Steimers E, von Harbou E, Holland DJ. Bayesian approach for automated quantitative analysis of benchtop NMR data. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2020; 319:106814. [PMID: 32950022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Low-cost, user-friendly benchtop NMR instruments are often touted as a "one-click" solution for data acquisition, however insufficient peak dispersion in their spectra often reduces the accuracy of quantification and requires user expertise with sophisticated processing tools. Our work aims to facilitate the wide acceptance of benchtop NMR instruments as a viable and effective substitute for cryogenic magnets. We propose an algorithmic approach that completely automates the routine analysis of sets of samples with similar compositions - the problem that often underlies many industrial applications concerned with reaction and process monitoring and quality control. Our solution is rooted in the idea of parametric modelling formulated in terms of Bayesian statistics, which effectively incorporates prior knowledge about the studied system (such as concentration-dependent chemical shift changes) that is usually available in industrial applications. Furthermore, the use of quantum mechanical models for chemical species makes our approach invariant to the spectrometer field strength - a necessary prerequisite for the successful analysis of benchtop data. We demonstrate the performance of our method with two representative sets of samples: mixtures of alcohols and acetates, and aqueous mixtures of biologically relevant species. In these examples, our fully automated analysis of benchtop spectra achieves average errors in concentrations of 0.01 mol/mol and 0.02 mol/mol respectively. Our method is competitive with the traditional processing approaches of well resolved high-field data and has the potential to bring the benefits of NMR even to a small chemistry laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgen Matviychuk
- University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
| | - Ellen Steimers
- Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 44, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Erik von Harbou
- Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 44, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Daniel J Holland
- University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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12
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Gouilleux B, Farjon J, Giraudeau P. Gradient-based pulse sequences for benchtop NMR spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2020; 319:106810. [PMID: 33036709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Benchtop NMR spectroscopy has been on the rise for the last decade, by bringing high-resolution NMR in environments that are not easily compatible with high-field NMR. Benchtop spectrometers are accessible, low cost and show an impressive performance in terms of sensitivity with respect to the relatively low associated magnetic field (40-100 MHz). However, their application is limited by the strong and ubiquitous peak overlaps arising from the complex mixtures which are often targeted, often characterized by a great diversity of concentrations and by strong signals from non-deuterated solvents. Such limitations can be addressed by pulse sequences making clever use of magnetic field gradient pulses, capable of performing efficient coherence selection or encoding chemical shift or diffusion information. Gradients pulses are well-known ingredients of high-field pulse sequence recipes, but were only recently made available on benchtop spectrometers, thanks to the introduction of gradient coils in 2015. This article reviews the recent methodological advances making use of gradient pulses on benchtop spectrometers and the applications stemming from these developments. Particular focus is made on solvent suppression schemes, diffusion-encoded, and spatially-encoded experiments, while discussing both methodological advances and subsequent applications. We eventually discuss the exciting development and application perspectives that result from such advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Gouilleux
- Université Paris-Saclay, ICMMO, UMR CNRS 8182, RMN en Milieu Orienté, France
| | - Jonathan Farjon
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Patrick Giraudeau
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France.
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13
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Anderssen KE, McCarney ER. Online monitoring of enzymatic hydrolysis of marine by-products using benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.107053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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14
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Überrück T, Adams M, Granwehr J, Blümich B. A compact X-Band ODNP spectrometer towards hyperpolarized 1H spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2020; 314:106724. [PMID: 32278774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The demand for compact benchtop NMR systems that can resolve chemical shift differences in the ppm to sub-ppm range is growing. However due to material and size restrictions these magnets are limited in field strength and thus in signal intensity and quality. The implementation of standard hyperpolarization techniques is a next step in an effort to boost the signal. Here we present a compact Overhauser Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (ODNP) setup with a permanent magnet that can resolve 1H chemical shift differences in the ppm range. The assembly of the setup and its components are described in detail, and the functionality of the setup is demonstrated experimentally with ODNP enhanced relaxation measurements yielding a maximal enhancement of -140 for an aqueous 4-hydroxy-TEMPO solution. Additionally, 1H spectroscopic resolution and significant enhancements are demonstrated on acetic acid as a solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Überrück
- RWTH Aachen University, Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Adams
- RWTH Aachen University, Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Josef Granwehr
- RWTH Aachen University, Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Grundlagen der Elektrochemie (IEK-9), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Blümich
- RWTH Aachen University, Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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15
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Jacquemmoz C, Giraud F, Dumez JN. Online reaction monitoring by single-scan 2D NMR under flow conditions. Analyst 2020; 145:478-485. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01758e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Single-scan 2D NMR based on spatial encoding can be used to monitor chemical reactions with a flow unit in realistic reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - François Giraud
- ICSN
- CNRS UPR2301
- Univ. Paris Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91190 Gif sur Yvette
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16
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Giraudeau P. NMR-based metabolomics and fluxomics: developments and future prospects. Analyst 2020; 145:2457-2472. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an00142b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent NMR developments are acting as game changers for metabolomics and fluxomics – a critical and perspective review.
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17
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Benchtop flow NMR spectroscopy as an online device for the in vivo monitoring of lipid accumulation in microalgae. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Terenzi C, Sederman AJ, Mantle MD, Gladden LF. Enabling High Spectral Resolution of Liquid Mixtures in Porous Media by Antidiagonal Projections of Two-Dimensional 1H NMR COSY Spectra. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5781-5785. [PMID: 31509420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The noninvasive, in situ chemical identification of liquid mixtures confined in porous materials is experimentally challenging. NMR is chemically resolved and applicable to optically opaque systems but suffers from a significant loss in spectral resolution in the presence of the magnetic field inhomogeneities typical of porous media. In this work, we introduce a method of analysis of conventional two-dimensional (2D) 1H NMR correlation spectroscopy (COSY) spectra based on the extraction of 1D antidiagonal projections, which are free from line-broadening effects and can therefore be used for chemical species identification. Here, we show the application of the technique to the measurement of linear n-alkanes where the cross-to-diagonal peak ratios are shown to follow a power-law curve as a function of the chain length. This calibration enables quantifying mixtures of linear hydrocarbons confined in any porous material independently of temperature or inter-molecular dynamics. Thus, this is a promising tool for quantitative chemical reaction monitoring studies in heterogeneous systems under operando experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Terenzi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , University of Cambridge , Philippa Fawcett Drive, West Cambridge Site , Cambridge CB3 0AS , U.K
| | - Andrew J Sederman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , University of Cambridge , Philippa Fawcett Drive, West Cambridge Site , Cambridge CB3 0AS , U.K
| | - Michael D Mantle
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , University of Cambridge , Philippa Fawcett Drive, West Cambridge Site , Cambridge CB3 0AS , U.K
| | - Lynn F Gladden
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , University of Cambridge , Philippa Fawcett Drive, West Cambridge Site , Cambridge CB3 0AS , U.K
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19
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Bouillaud D, Farjon J, Gonçalves O, Giraudeau P. Benchtop NMR for the monitoring of bioprocesses. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2019; 57:794-804. [PMID: 30586475 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This mini-review highlights the potential of benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for the monitoring of bioprocesses. It describes recent perspectives opened by the reduced size of devices in relaxometry, magnetic resonance imaging and NMR spectroscopy. In particular, the recent emergence of the benchtop NMR spectroscopy gives access to many applications thanks to the implementation of advanced experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Bouillaud
- Université de Nantes, CEISAM, UMR CNRS 6230, Nantes Cedex 3, France
- Université de Nantes, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, Saint-Nazaire Cedex, France
| | - Jonathan Farjon
- Université de Nantes, CEISAM, UMR CNRS 6230, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Olivier Gonçalves
- Université de Nantes, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, Saint-Nazaire Cedex, France
| | - Patrick Giraudeau
- Université de Nantes, CEISAM, UMR CNRS 6230, Nantes Cedex 3, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris Cedex 05, France
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20
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Grootveld M, Percival B, Gibson M, Osman Y, Edgar M, Molinari M, Mather ML, Casanova F, Wilson PB. Progress in low-field benchtop NMR spectroscopy in chemical and biochemical analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1067:11-30. [PMID: 31047142 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The employment of spectroscopically-resolved NMR techniques as analytical probes have previously been both prohibitively expensive and logistically challenging in view of the large sizes of high-field facilities. However, with recent advances in the miniaturisation of magnetic resonance technology, low-field, cryogen-free "benchtop" NMR instruments are seeing wider use. Indeed, these miniaturised spectrometers are utilised in areas ranging from food and agricultural analyses, through to human biofluid assays and disease monitoring. Therefore, it is both intrinsically timely and important to highlight current applications of this analytical strategy, and also provide an outlook for the future, where this approach may be applied to a wider range of analytical problems, both qualitatively and quantitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Grootveld
- Chemistry for Health/Bioanalytical Sciences Research Group, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Benita Percival
- Chemistry for Health/Bioanalytical Sciences Research Group, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Miles Gibson
- Chemistry for Health/Bioanalytical Sciences Research Group, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Yasan Osman
- Chemistry for Health/Bioanalytical Sciences Research Group, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Mark Edgar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Loughborough, Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Marco Molinari
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Melissa L Mather
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | - Philippe B Wilson
- Chemistry for Health/Bioanalytical Sciences Research Group, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
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21
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Castaing-Cordier T, Bouillaud D, Bowyer P, Gonçalves O, Giraudeau P, Farjon J. Highly Resolved Pure-Shift Spectra on a Compact NMR Spectrometer. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:736-744. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201801116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Castaing-Cordier
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230; Faculté des Sciences et Techniques 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208; 44322 Nantes cedex 3 France
| | - Dylan Bouillaud
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230; Faculté des Sciences et Techniques 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208; 44322 Nantes cedex 3 France
- Université de Nantes; GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144 Bât CRTT; 37 boulevard de l'Université, BP406 44602 St Nazaire cedex France
| | - Paul Bowyer
- Magritek Inc.; 103 Great Valley Pkwy Malvern PA 19355 USA
| | - Olivier Gonçalves
- Université de Nantes; GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144 Bât CRTT; 37 boulevard de l'Université, BP406 44602 St Nazaire cedex France
| | - Patrick Giraudeau
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230; Faculté des Sciences et Techniques 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208; 44322 Nantes cedex 3 France
- Institut Universitaire de France; 1 rue Descartes 75005 Paris France
| | - Jonathan Farjon
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230; Faculté des Sciences et Techniques 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208; 44322 Nantes cedex 3 France
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22
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Jeong K, Min S, Chae H, Namgoong SK. Monitoring of hydrogenation by benchtop NMR with parahydrogen-induced polarization. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2019; 57:44-48. [PMID: 30118555 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Keunhong Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Military Academy, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sein Min
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heelim Chae
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
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23
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Assemat G, Balayssac S, Gerdova A, Gilard V, Caillet C, Williamson D, Malet-Martino M. Benchtop low-field 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for detecting falsified medicines. Talanta 2018; 196:163-173. [PMID: 30683346 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Falsified medicines represent a serious threat to public health. Among the different measures to effectively combat this scourge, analytical methods play a key role in their detection and removal from the market before they reach patients. The present study evaluates for the first time the potential of a benchtop low-field (LF) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrometer for uncovering drug falsification by focusing on the analysis of fifteen erectile dysfunction and nine antimalarial medicines, the most commonly reported falsified medicines in developed and developing countries respectively. After a simple and rapid sample preparation and ≈ 5 min of spectrum recording, LF 1H NMR allows to conclude on the quality of the medicine: presence or absence of the expected active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), presence of unexpected API, absence of any API. Some 2D experiments are also described but although conclusive they are hampered by the duration of the experiments. The LF 1H NMR assay, based on the internal standard method, is validated by the determination of its accuracy, repeatability, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), and by comparison of the data obtained on some medicines after 45 min of spectrum recording to those measured with high-field 1H NMR. Because of its saving capabilities (cost, space, user experience), LF 1H NMR spectroscopy might become a routine screening tool in laboratories in charge of detecting falsified medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Assemat
- Groupe de RMN Biomédicale, Laboratoire SPCMIB (UMR CNRS 5068), Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Balayssac
- Groupe de RMN Biomédicale, Laboratoire SPCMIB (UMR CNRS 5068), Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex, France
| | - Anna Gerdova
- Oxford Instruments Industrial Analysis, Tubney Woods, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX13 5QX, United Kingdom
| | - Véronique Gilard
- Groupe de RMN Biomédicale, Laboratoire SPCMIB (UMR CNRS 5068), Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex, France
| | - Céline Caillet
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Vientiane, Lao PDR and Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, University of Oxford, UK
| | - David Williamson
- Oxford Instruments Industrial Analysis, Tubney Woods, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX13 5QX, United Kingdom
| | - Myriam Malet-Martino
- Groupe de RMN Biomédicale, Laboratoire SPCMIB (UMR CNRS 5068), Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex, France.
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24
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Dumez JN. Spatial encoding and spatial selection methods in high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 109:101-134. [PMID: 30527133 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A family of high-resolution NMR methods share the common concept of acquiring in parallel different sub-experiments in different spatial regions of the NMR tube. These spatial encoding and spatial selection methods were for the most part introduced independently from each other and serve different purposes, but they share common ingredients, often derived from magnetic resonance imaging, and they all benefit from a greatly improved time-efficiency. This review article provides a description of several spatial encoding and spatial selection methods, including single-scan multidimensional experiments (ultrafast 2D NMR, DOSY, Z spectroscopy, inversion recovery and Laplace NMR), pure shift and selective refocusing experiments (including Zangger-Sterk decoupling, G-SERF and PSYCHE), a Z filter, and fast-pulsing slice-selective experiments. Some key elements for spatial parallelisation are introduced and when possible a common framework is used for the analysis of each method. Sensitivity considerations are discussed, and a selection of applications is analysed to illustrate which questions can be answered thanks to spatial encoding and spatial selection methods, and discuss the perspectives for future developments and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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25
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Assemat G, Gouilleux B, Bouillaud D, Farjon J, Gilard V, Giraudeau P, Malet-Martino M. Diffusion-ordered spectroscopy on a benchtop spectrometer for drug analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 160:268-275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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26
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Concilio MG, Jacquemmoz C, Boyarskaya D, Masson G, Dumez JN. Ultrafast Maximum-Quantum NMR Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Aromatic Mixtures. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:3310-3317. [PMID: 30239108 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Maximum-quantum (MaxQ) NMR experiments have been introduced to overcome issues related to peak overlap and high spectral density in the NMR spectra of aromatic mixtures. In MaxQ NMR, spin systems are separated on the basis of the highest-quantum coherence that they can form. MaxQ experiments are however time consuming and methods have been introduced to accelerate them. In this article, we demonstrate the ultrafast, single-scan acquisition of MaxQ NMR spectra using spatial encoding of the multiple-quantum dimension. So far, the spatial encoding methodology has been applied only for the encoding of up to double-quantum coherences, and here we show that it can be extended to higher coherence orders, to yield a massive reduction of the acquisition time of multi-quantum spectra of aromatic mixtures, and also to monitor chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Concilio
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Corentin Jacquemmoz
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Dina Boyarskaya
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Géraldine Masson
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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27
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Cortés-Borda D, Wimmer E, Gouilleux B, Barré E, Oger N, Goulamaly L, Peault L, Charrier B, Truchet C, Giraudeau P, Rodriguez-Zubiri M, Le Grognec E, Felpin FX. An Autonomous Self-Optimizing Flow Reactor for the Synthesis of Natural Product Carpanone. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14286-14299. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cortés-Borda
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Eric Wimmer
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Boris Gouilleux
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Elvina Barré
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Nicolas Oger
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Lubna Goulamaly
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Louis Peault
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Benoît Charrier
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Charlotte Truchet
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6241, LINA, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Patrick Giraudeau
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Mireia Rodriguez-Zubiri
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Erwan Le Grognec
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - François-Xavier Felpin
- Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS UMR 6230, CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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28
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King JN, Fallorina A, Yu J, Zhang G, Telkki VV, Hilty C, Meldrum T. Probing molecular dynamics with hyperpolarized ultrafast Laplace NMR using a low-field, single-sided magnet. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6143-6149. [PMID: 30090302 PMCID: PMC6053973 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01329b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Laplace NMR (LNMR) offers deep insights on diffusional and rotational motion of molecules. The so-called "ultrafast" approach, based on spatial data encoding, enables one to carry out a multidimensional LNMR experiment in a single scan, providing from 10 to 1000-fold acceleration of the experiment. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of ultrafast diffusion-T2 relaxation correlation (D-T2) measurements with a mobile, low-field, relatively low-cost, single-sided NMR magnet. We show that the method can probe a broad range of diffusion coefficients (at least from 10-8 to 10-12 m2 s-1) and reveal multiple components of fluids in heterogeneous materials. The single-scan approach is demonstrably compatible with nuclear spin hyperpolarization techniques because the time-consuming hyperpolarization process does not need to be repeated. Using dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), we improved the NMR sensitivity of water molecules by a factor of 105 relative to non-hyperpolarized NMR in the 0.3 T field of the single-sided magnet. This enabled us to acquire a D-T2 map in a single, 22 ms scan, despite the low field and relatively low mole fraction (0.003) of hyperpolarized water. Consequently, low-field, hyperpolarized ultrafast LNMR offers significant prospects for advanced, mobile, low-cost and high-sensitivity chemical and medical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared N King
- Department of Chemistry , The College of William & Mary , Williamsburg , Virginia 23187-8795 , USA .
| | - Alfredo Fallorina
- Department of Chemistry , The College of William & Mary , Williamsburg , Virginia 23187-8795 , USA .
| | - Justin Yu
- Department of Chemistry , The College of William & Mary , Williamsburg , Virginia 23187-8795 , USA .
| | - Guannan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU , College Station , Texas 77843 , USA
| | - Ville-Veikko Telkki
- NMR Research Unit , Faculty of Science , University of Oulu , 90014 Oulu , Finland
| | - Christian Hilty
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU , College Station , Texas 77843 , USA
| | - Tyler Meldrum
- Department of Chemistry , The College of William & Mary , Williamsburg , Virginia 23187-8795 , USA .
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29
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Online low-field NMR spectroscopy for process control of an industrial lithiation reaction—automated data analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:3349-3360. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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30
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Gouilleux B, Marchand J, Charrier B, Remaud G, Giraudeau P. High-throughput authentication of edible oils with benchtop Ultrafast 2D NMR. Food Chem 2018; 244:153-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Giraudeau P, Felpin FX. Flow reactors integrated with in-line monitoring using benchtop NMR spectroscopy. REACT CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00083b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The state-of-the-art flow reactors integrated with in-line benchtop NMR are thoroughly discussed with highlights on the strengths and weaknesses of this emerging technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Giraudeau
- UFR des Sciences et des Techniques
- CNRS UMR 6230
- CEISAM
- Université de Nantes
- 44322 Nantes Cedex 3
| | - François-Xavier Felpin
- UFR des Sciences et des Techniques
- CNRS UMR 6230
- CEISAM
- Université de Nantes
- 44322 Nantes Cedex 3
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32
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Blümich B, Singh K. Desktop NMR and Its Applications From Materials Science To Organic Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 57:6996-7010. [PMID: 29230908 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy is an indispensable method of analysis in chemistry, which until recently suffered from high demands for space, high costs for acquisition and maintenance, and operational complexity. This has changed with the introduction of compact NMR spectrometers suitable for small-molecule analysis on the chemical workbench. These spectrometers contain permanent magnets giving rise to proton NMR frequencies between 40 and 80 MHz. The enabling technology is to make small permanent magnets with homogeneous fields. Tabletop instruments with inhomogeneous fields have been in use for over 40 years for characterizing food and hydrogen-containing materials by relaxation and diffusion measurements. Related NMR instruments measure these parameters in the stray field outside the magnet. They are used to inspect the borehole walls of oil wells and to test objects nondestructively. The state-of-the-art of NMR spectroscopy, imaging and relaxometry with compact instruments is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Blümich
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kawarpal Singh
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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33
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Blümich B, Singh K. NMR mit Tischgeräten und deren Anwendungen von der Materialwissenschaft bis zur organischen Chemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Blümich
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Deutschland
| | - Kawarpal Singh
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Deutschland
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34
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Penn A, Tsuji T, Brunner DO, Boyce CM, Pruessmann KP, Müller CR. Real-time probing of granular dynamics with magnetic resonance. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1701879. [PMID: 28929140 PMCID: PMC5600527 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1701879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Granular dynamics govern earthquakes, avalanches, and landslides and are of fundamental importance in a variety of industries ranging from energy to pharmaceuticals to agriculture. Nonetheless, our understanding of the underlying physics is poor because we lack spatially and temporally resolved experimental measurements of internal grain motion. We introduce a magnetic resonance imaging methodology that provides internal granular velocity measurements that are four orders of magnitude faster compared to previous work. The technique is based on a concerted interplay of scan acceleration and materials engineering. Real-time probing of granular dynamics is explored in single- and two-phase systems, providing fresh insight into bubble dynamics and the propagation of shock waves upon impact of an intruder. We anticipate that the methodology outlined here will enable advances in understanding the propagation of seismic activity, the jamming transition, or the rheology and dynamics of dense suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Penn
- Laboratory of Energy Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 27, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Takuya Tsuji
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - David O. Brunner
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christopher M. Boyce
- Laboratory of Energy Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 27, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Klaas P. Pruessmann
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph R. Müller
- Laboratory of Energy Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 27, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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35
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Michalik-Onichimowska A, Kern S, Riedel J, Panne U, King R, Maiwald M. "Click" analytics for "click" chemistry - A simple method for calibration-free evaluation of online NMR spectra. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2017; 277:154-161. [PMID: 28288418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Driven mostly by the search for chemical syntheses under biocompatible conditions, so called "click" chemistry rapidly became a growing field of research. The resulting simple one-pot reactions are so far only scarcely accompanied by an adequate optimization via comparably straightforward and robust analysis techniques possessing short set-up times. Here, we report on a fast and reliable calibration-free online NMR monitoring approach for technical mixtures. It combines a versatile fluidic system, continuous-flow measurement of 1H spectra with a time interval of 20s per spectrum, and a robust, fully automated algorithm to interpret the obtained data. As a proof-of-concept, the thiol-ene coupling between N-boc cysteine methyl ester and allyl alcohol was conducted in a variety of non-deuterated solvents while its time-resolved behaviour was characterized with step tracer experiments. Overlapping signals in online spectra during thiol-ene coupling could be deconvoluted with a spectral model using indirect hard modeling and were subsequently converted to either molar ratios (using a calibration-free approach) or absolute concentrations (using 1-point calibration). For various solvents the kinetic constant k for pseudo-first order reaction was estimated to be 3.9h-1 at 25°C. The obtained results were compared with direct integration of non-overlapping signals and showed good agreement with the implemented mass balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Michalik-Onichimowska
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany; Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Zum Groβen Windkanal 6, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Kern
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Riedel
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Panne
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany; Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany; School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Zum Groβen Windkanal 6, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rudibert King
- Department Measurement and Control, Institute of Process Engineering, Berlin University of Technology, Hardenbergstr. 36a, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Maiwald
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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Gouilleux B, Charrier B, Akoka S, Giraudeau P. Gradient-based solvent suppression methods on a benchtop spectrometer. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2017; 55:91-98. [PMID: 27469081 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Benchtop NMR emerges as an appealing alternative to widely extend the scope of NMR spectroscopy in harsh environments and for on-line monitoring. Obviously, the use of low-field magnets induces a dramatic reduction of the spectral resolution leading to frequent peak overlaps. This issue is even more serious because applications such as chemical process monitoring involve the use of non-deuterated solvents, leading to intense and broad peaks overlapping with the signals of interest. In this article, we highlight the need for efficient suppression methods compatible with flowing samples, which is not the case of the common pre-saturation approaches. Thanks to a gradient coil included in our benchtop spectrometer, we were able to implement modern and efficient solvent suppression blocks such as WET or excitation sculpting to deliver quantitative spectra in the conditions of the on-line monitoring. While these methods are commonly used at high field, this is the first time that they are investigated on a benchtop setting. Their analytical performance is evaluated and compared under static and on-flow conditions. The results demonstrate the superiority of gradient-based methods, thus highlighting the relevance of implementing this device on benchtop spectrometers. The comparison of major solvent suppression methods reveals an optimum performance for the WET-180-NOESY experiment, both under static and on-flow conditions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Serge Akoka
- CEISAM CNRS, UMR6230, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Patrick Giraudeau
- CEISAM CNRS, UMR6230, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Vetere A, Schrader W. Mass Spectrometric Coverage of Complex Mixtures: Exploring the Carbon Space of Crude Oil. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Vetere
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schrader
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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Gouilleux B, Charrier B, Akoka S, Felpin FX, Rodriguez-Zubiri M, Giraudeau P. Ultrafast 2D NMR on a benchtop spectrometer: Applications and perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ahmed-Omer B, Sliwinski E, Cerroti JP, Ley SV. Continuous Processing and Efficient in Situ Reaction Monitoring of a Hypervalent Iodine(III) Mediated Cyclopropanation Using Benchtop NMR Spectroscopy. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Batool Ahmed-Omer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Eric Sliwinski
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - John P. Cerroti
- Magritek GmbH, Gebäude VO (Building VO), Triwo Technopark Aachen, Philipsstrasse 8, 52068 Aachen, Germany
| | - Steven V. Ley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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