1
|
Gary S, Woolley J, Goia S, Bloom S. Unlocking flavin photoacid catalysis through electrophotochemistry. Chem Sci 2024; 15:11444-11454. [PMID: 39055006 PMCID: PMC11268482 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03054k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular flavins are one of the most versatile photocatalysts. They can coordinate single and multiple electron transfer processes, gift hydrogen atoms, form reversible covalent linkages that support group transfer mechanisms, and impart photonic energy to ground state molecules, priming them for downstream reactions. But one mechanism that has not featured extensively is the ability of flavins to act as photoacids. Herein, we disclose our proof-of-concept studies showing that electrophotochemistry can transform fully oxidized flavin quinones to super-oxidized flavinium photoacids that successfully guide proton-transfer and deliver acid-catalyzed products. We also show that these species can adopt a second mechanism wherein they react with water to release hydroxyl radicals that facilitate hydrogen-atom abstraction and sp3C-H functionalization protocols. Together, this unprecedented bimodal reactivity enables electro-generated flavinium salts to affect synthetic chemistries previously unknown to flavins, greatly expanding their versatility as catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Gary
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas Lawrence 66045 USA
| | - Jack Woolley
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Sofia Goia
- Forensic Centre for Digital Scanning and 3D Printing, WMG, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Steven Bloom
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas Lawrence 66045 USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo H, Liu S, Liu X, Zhang L. Lightening flavin by amination for fluorescent sensing. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:19554-19563. [PMID: 38979978 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01525h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Monitoring of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as O2˙-, etc., in organisms is of great significance, not only for their essential role in biological processes, but their excessive production may also result in many diseases. Flavin (FL) is a fluorophore that naturally exists in flavoenzymes, and its fluorescent emission (FE) becomes negligible when reduced. This enables the application of FL derivatives as fluorescent sensors for ROS. We presented a theoretical investigation to address the impact of amino substitution on the photophysical properties of aminoflavins (AmFLs). Resulting from the interplay of electronic and positional effects, amination at C8 enhances the electronic coupling between the ground state and the first singlet excited state by enlarging the adiabatic energy change of the electronic transitions and the emission transition dipole moments, weakens the vibronic coupling by decreasing the contribution of isoalloxazine to the frontier molecular orbitals, redshifts the absorption band, and enhances the fluorescent emission drastically in 8AmFL. The theoretically estimated fluorescent emission intensity of 8AmFL is ∼40 times that of FL, suggesting its potential application as a fluorescent sensor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Guo
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Siyu Liu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian and Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shiogai Y, Oka M, Miyake H, Iida H. Aerobic oxidative synthesis of benzimidazoles by flavin photocatalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4450-4454. [PMID: 38753213 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00360h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Flavin photocatalysis were utilised for an aerobic oxidative reaction between arylamines and o-phenylenediamine. This metal-free reaction proceeded in methanol under visible light irradiation and consumed only atmospheric molecular oxygen, providing a novel eco-friendly method for the synthesis of benzimidazoles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Shiogai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504 Japan.
| | - Marina Oka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504 Japan.
| | - Hazuki Miyake
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504 Japan.
| | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504 Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shoji Y, Terashima Y, Ohkubo K, Ito H, Maruyama K, Fukuzumi S, Nakanishi I. Scandium Ion-Promoted Electron-Transfer Disproportionation of 2-Phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-Oxide (PTIO •) in Acetonitrile and Its Regeneration Induced by Water. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4417. [PMID: 38674002 PMCID: PMC11050215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
2-Phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO•), a persistent nitronyl nitroxide radical, has been used for the detection and trapping of nitric oxide, as a redox mediator for batteries, for the activity estimation of antioxidants, and so on. However, there is no report on the reactivity of PTIO• in the presence of redox-inactive metal ions. In this study, it is demonstrated that the addition of scandium triflate, Sc(OTf)3 (OTf = OSO2CF3), to an acetonitrile (MeCN) solution of PTIO• resulted in an electron-transfer disproportionation to generate the corresponding cation (PTIO+) and anion (PTIO-), the latter of which is suggested to be stabilized by Sc3+ to form [(PTIO)Sc]2+. The decay of the absorption band at 361 nm due to PTIO•, monitored using a stopped-flow technique, obeyed second-order kinetics. The second-order rate constant for the disproportionation, thus determined, increased with increasing the Sc(OTf)3 concentration to reach a constant value. A drastic change in the cyclic voltammogram recorded for PTIO• in deaerated MeCN containing 0.10 M Bu4NClO4 was also observed upon addition of Sc(OTf)3, suggesting that the large positive shift of the one-electron reduction potential of PTIO• (equivalent to the one-electron oxidation potential of PTIO-) in the presence of Sc(OTf)3 may result in the disproportionation. When H2O was added to the PTIO•-Sc(OTf)3 system in deaerated MeCN, PTIO• was completely regenerated. It is suggested that the complex formation of Sc3+ with H2O may weaken the interaction between PTIO- and Sc3+, leading to electron-transfer comproportionation to regenerate PTIO•. The reversible disproportionation of PTIO• was also confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.
Collapse
Grants
- JP18K06620 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP20H02779 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP20H04819 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP18H04650 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP17H03010 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP16H02268 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP23K04686 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Shoji
- Quantum RedOx Chemistry Team, Institute for Quantum Life Science (iQLS), Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate (QLMS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba-shi 263-8555, Chiba, Japan; (Y.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Yuri Terashima
- Environmental Radiation Effects Research Group, Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, Institute for Radiological Science (NIRS), Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate (QLMS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba-shi 263-8555, Chiba, Japan; (Y.T.); (K.M.)
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Hiromu Ito
- Quantum RedOx Chemistry Team, Institute for Quantum Life Science (iQLS), Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate (QLMS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba-shi 263-8555, Chiba, Japan; (Y.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Kouichi Maruyama
- Environmental Radiation Effects Research Group, Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, Institute for Radiological Science (NIRS), Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate (QLMS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba-shi 263-8555, Chiba, Japan; (Y.T.); (K.M.)
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ikuo Nakanishi
- Quantum RedOx Chemistry Team, Institute for Quantum Life Science (iQLS), Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate (QLMS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba-shi 263-8555, Chiba, Japan; (Y.S.); (H.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bo C, Li M, Chen F, Liu J, Dai B, Liu N. Visible-Light-Initiated Air-Oxygenation of Alkylarenes to Carbonyls Mediated by Carbon Tetrabromide in Water. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301015. [PMID: 37661194 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Synthesizing benzyl skeleton derivatives via direct oxidation of functionalized benzylic C-H bonds has received extensive research attention. Herein, a method was developed to prepare carbonyl compounds via photoinduced aerobic oxidation of ubiquitous benzylic C-H bonds mediated by bromine radicals and tribromomethane radicals. This method employed commercially available CBr4 as a hydrogen atom transfer reagent precursor, air as an oxidant, water as a reaction solvent, and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAPC) as an additive under mild conditions. A series of substrates bearing different functional groups was converted to aromatic carbonyls in moderate to good yields. Moreover, a low environmental factor (E-factor value=0.45) showed that the proposed method is ecofriendly and environmentally sustainable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Bo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Fei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Jichang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Bin Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guo H, Qiu Y, Liu S, Zhang X, Zhao J. Tailoring flavin-based photosensitizers for efficient photooxidative coupling of benzylic amines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 26:161-173. [PMID: 38086643 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04579j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Photooxidative coupling of benzylic amines using naturally abundant O2 as an oxidant under visible light irradiation is an alternative green approach to synthesis imines and is of both fundamental and practical significance. We investigated the photophysical properties of flavin (FL) that is a naturally available sensitizer and its derivatives, i.e. 9-bromoflavin (MB-FL), 7,8-dibromoflavin (DB-FL) and 10-phenylflavin (Ph-FL), as well as the performance of these FL-based sensitizers (FLPSs) in the photooxidative coupling of benzylic amines to imines combining experimental and theoretical efforts. We showed that chemical functionalization with Br and phenyl effectively improves the photophysical properties of these FLPSs, in terms of absorption in the visible light range, singlet oxygen quantum yields, triplet lifetime, etc. Apart from nearly quantitative selectivity for the production of imines, the performance of DB-FL is superior to those of other FLPSs, and it is among the best photocatalysts for imine synthesis. Specifically, 0.5 mol% DB-FL is capable of converting 91% of 0.2 mmol benzylamine and more than 80% of 0.2 mmol fluorobenzylic amine derivatives into their corresponding imines in 5 h batch runs. Mechanistic investigation finely explained the observed photophysical properties of FLPSs and highlighted the dominant role of electron transfer in FLPS sensitized coupling of benzylic amines to imines. This work not only helps to understand the pathways for photocatalysis with FLPSs but also paves the way for the design of novel and efficient PSs to promote organic synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Guo
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Qiu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Siyu Liu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shen D, Zhong F, Ren T, Li L, Li Z, Yin J, Gong P, Zhang F, Lv C, Chao M. Alkyne Oxidation by a Vitamin B2-Based Photocatalytic System with Both H 2O and O 2 as the Oxygen Source. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15270-15281. [PMID: 37852799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The employment of readily available photocatalysts and green oxygen atom sources is recognized as a promising strategy to develop sustainable catalysis for oxidation reactions. We herein reported a sacrificial reagent-free system consisting of riboflavin tetraacetate (RFT), an ester of natural vitamin B2 as the photocatalyst, and Sc(OTf)3 and NaCl as the cocatalysts for alkyne oxidation under blue light or even sunlight irradiation to produce 1,2-diketone in which the oxygen atoms were from both water and molecular oxygen, respectively. A major Cl-/Cl• cycle was proposed to be involved and achieved by the excited [RFT-2Sc3+]* complex via single electron transfer for the first time, distinguished from the OCl- active species by a two-electron process in previous flavin-halide photo-oxidation systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duyi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fubi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Ting Ren
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Linghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Zihan Li
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Junzhong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Peiwei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Fanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Chengwei Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, P. R. China
| | - Mianran Chao
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Roy B, Kuila P, Sarkar D. Visible Light Promoted Brominative Dearomatization of Biaryl Ynones to Spirocycles. J Org Chem 2023; 88:10925-10945. [PMID: 37459885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Bromine induced spiro cyclization of biaryl ynones facilitated the synthesis of spiro[5,5]trienones suitable for extended functionality at the C(3') position. Herein, a step-economic photo-oxidative brominative carbannulation of biaryl ynones employing ammonium bromide and riboflavin tetraacetate (RFTA) has been developed. The reactivity between distal phenyl C-H activated ortho-annulation and dearomative ipso-annulation is well exemplified. The eminent features of the methodology include metal-free, external additive free, low-loading photocatalyst (0.1 mol %), and use of a simple precursor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barnali Roy
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Puspendu Kuila
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Debayan Sarkar
- Organic Synthesis and Molecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453552, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen X, Lin Y, Liao J, Zhang J, Zheng C. Light-activated carbon dot nanozyme with scandium for a highly efficient and pH-universal bio-nanozyme cascade colorimetric assay. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37377067 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00927k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Nanozyme-based colorimetric assays have attracted much attention due to their cost-effectiveness, high stability, and sensitivity. In particular, the catalytic cascade imparted by the biological enzyme is highly selective. However, developing an efficient, one-pot, and pH-universal bio-nanozyme cascade remains challenging. Considering the tunable activity of the photo-activated nanozyme, we herein demonstrated a pH-universal colorimetric assay based on the Sc3+-boosted photocatalytic oxidation of carbon dots (C-dots). As a strong Lewis acid, Sc3+ shows ultra-fast complexation with OH- over a broad pH range and dramatically decreases the pH of the buffer solutions. In addition to regulating the pH, Sc3+ also binds to the C-dots to produce a persistent and strongly oxidizing intermediate based on photo-induced electron transfer. The proposed Sc3+-boosted photocatalytic system was successfully used in a cascade colorimetric assay with biological enzymes for assessing their activity as well as the detection of enzyme inhibitors at neutral and alkaline pH. Instead of designing new nanozymes for catalytic cascades, this work suggests that introducing promoters can be a convenient strategy in practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueshan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Yao Lin
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Liao
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
| | - Jinyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bera N, Lenka BS, König B, Sarkar D. Riboflavin Photocatalyzed Dearomative Spiro-Etherification of Naphthols. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37356110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The dearomative spiro-etherification of naphthols is achieved using catalytic amounts of riboflavin tetracetate (RFTA) as a photosensitizer and molecular oxygen as a terminal oxidizing agent under blue light (440 nm) irradiation in the presence of acid. The presence of acid increases the photooxidation power of RFTA and facilitates the dearomatization reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabakumar Bera
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Bhabani Sankar Lenka
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453552, India
| | - Burkhard König
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmazie, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Debayan Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453552, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Soro DM, Roque JB, Rackl JW, Park B, Payer S, Shi Y, Ruble JC, Kaledin AL, Baik MH, Musaev DG, Sarpong R. Photo- and Metal-Mediated Deconstructive Approaches to Cyclic Aliphatic Amine Diversification. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11245-11257. [PMID: 37171220 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Described herein are studies toward the core modification of cyclic aliphatic amines using either a riboflavin/photo-irradiation approach or Cu(I) and Ag(I) to mediate the process. Structural remodeling of cyclic amines is explored through oxidative C-N and C-C bond cleavage using peroxydisulfate (persulfate) as an oxidant. Ring-opening reactions to access linear aldehydes or carboxylic acids with flavin-derived photocatalysis or Cu salts, respectively, are demonstrated. A complementary ring-opening process mediated by Ag(I) facilitates decarboxylative Csp3-Csp2 coupling in Minisci-type reactions through a key alkyl radical intermediate. Heterocycle interconversion is demonstrated through the transformation of N-acyl cyclic amines to oxazines using Cu(II) oxidation of the alkyl radical. These transformations are investigated by computation to inform the proposed mechanistic pathways. Computational studies indicate that persulfate mediates oxidation of cyclic amines with concomitant reduction of riboflavin. Persulfate is subsequently reduced by formal hydride transfer from the reduced riboflavin catalyst. Oxidation of the cyclic aliphatic amines with a Cu(I) salt is proposed to be initiated by homolysis of the peroxy bond of persulfate followed by α-HAT from the cyclic amine and radical recombination to form an α-sulfate adduct, which is hydrolyzed to the hemiaminal. Investigation of the pathway to form oxazines indicates a kinetic preference for cyclization over more typical elimination pathways to form olefins through Cu(II) oxidation of alkyl radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M Soro
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jose B Roque
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jonas W Rackl
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Bohyun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Stefan Payer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yuan Shi
- Discovery Chemistry Research and Technologies, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - J Craig Ruble
- Discovery Chemistry Research and Technologies, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Alexey L Kaledin
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Djamaladdin G Musaev
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nguyen K, Nguyen V, Tran H, Pham P. Organo-photocatalytic C-H bond oxidation: an operationally simple and scalable method to prepare ketones with ambient air. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7168-7178. [PMID: 36891491 PMCID: PMC9986805 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00332a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative C-H functionalization with O2 is a sustainable strategy to convert feedstock-like chemicals into valuable products. Nevertheless, eco-friendly O2-utilizing chemical processes, which are scalable yet operationally simple, are challenging to develop. Here, we report our efforts, via organo-photocatalysis, in devising such protocols for catalytic C-H bond oxidation of alcohols and alkylbenzenes to ketones using ambient air as the oxidant. The protocols employed tetrabutylammonium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate as the organic photocatalyst which is readily available from a scalable ion exchange of inexpensive salts and is easy to separate from neutral organic products. Cobalt(ii) acetylacetonate was found to be greatly instrumental to oxidation of alcohols and therefore was included as an additive in evaluating the alcohol scope. The protocols employed a nontoxic solvent, could accommodate a variety of functional groups, and were readily scaled to 500 mmol scale in a simple batch setting using round-bottom flasks and ambient air. A preliminary mechanistic study of C-H bond oxidation of alcohols supported the validity of one possible mechanistic pathway, nested in a more complex network of potential pathways, in which the anthraquinone form - the oxidized form - of the photocatalyst activates alcohols and the anthrahydroquinone form - the relevant reduced form of the photocatalyst - activates O2. A detailed mechanism, which reflected such a pathway and was consistent with previously accepted mechanisms, was proposed to account for formation of ketones from aerobic C-H bond oxidation of both alcohols and alkylbenzenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ky Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Van Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Hieu Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Phong Pham
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu X, Chen W, Holmberg-Douglas N, Bida GT, Tu X, Ma X, Wu Z, Nicewicz DA, Li Z. 11C, 12C and 13C-Cyanation of Electron-Rich Arenes via Organic Photoredox Catalysis. Chem 2023; 9:343-362. [PMID: 36777049 PMCID: PMC9913897 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
As a non-invasive imaging technology, positron emission tomography (PET) plays a crucial role in personalized medicine, including early diagnosis, patient screening, and treatment monitoring. The advancement of PET research depends on the discovery of new PET agents, which requires the development of simple and efficient radiolabeling methods in many cases. As bioisosteres for halogen and carbonyl moieties, nitriles are important functional groups in pharmaceutical and agrochemical compounds. Here, we disclose a mild organophotoredox-catalyzed method for efficient cyanation of a broad spectrum of electron-rich arenes, including abundant and readily available veratroles and pyrogallol trimethyl ethers. Notably, the transformations not only are compatible with various affordable 12C and 13C-cyanide sources, but also could be applied to carbon-11 synthons to incorporate [11C]nitriles into arenes. The aryl [11C]nitriles can be further derivatized to [11C]carboxylic acids, [11C]amides, and [11C]alkyl amines. The newly developed reaction can serve as a powerful tool for generating new PET agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan Wu
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Natalie Holmberg-Douglas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gerald Thomas Bida
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Xianshuang Tu
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Xinrui Ma
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Zhanhong Wu
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - David A. Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3290, United States
| | - Zibo Li
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vinod Mouli MSS, Kumar Mishra A. Divergent Crystallographic Architecture for Silver‐Flavin Complexes Induced via pH Variation. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. S. S. Vinod Mouli
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi Sangareddy 502285 Telangana
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi Sangareddy 502285 Telangana
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Urgoitia G, Herrero MT, SanMartin R. Metal-Catalyzed, Photo-Assisted Selective Transformation of Tertiary Alkylbenzenes and Polystyrenes into Carbonyl Compounds. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200940. [PMID: 35713591 PMCID: PMC9544855 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Every year, thousands of tons of polystyrene are produced and discarded, filling landfills and polluting the marine environment. Although several degradation alternatives have been proposed, the need for an effective procedure for the chemical recycling of polystyrene still remains. Here, a vanadium-catalyzed reaction, assisted by visible light, promoted the direct, selective conversion of tertiary alkylbenzenes into acetophenone and other ketone derivatives. Likewise, standard polystyrene samples as well as polystyrenes from insulation and packaging waste could be chemically recycled into acetophenone in a scalable way regardless of their molecular weight, polydispersity, or form. Preliminary mechanistic investigations revealed the participation of singlet oxygen, superoxide, and hydroxyl radical species in this homogenously catalyzed process. Acetophenone could be used as an additive to accelerate the reaction and to increase the yields in some cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garazi Urgoitia
- Department of Organic and Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Sarriena auzoa, z/g.48940LeioaSpain
| | - María Teresa Herrero
- Department of Organic and Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Sarriena auzoa, z/g.48940LeioaSpain
| | - Raul SanMartin
- Department of Organic and Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Sarriena auzoa, z/g.48940LeioaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shee M, Singh NDP. Photogenerated Azido Radical Mediated Oxidation: Access to Carbonyl Functionality from Alcohols, Alkylarenes, and Olefins via Organophotoredox. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maniklal Shee
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 Kharagpur West Bengal India
| | - N. D. Pradeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 Kharagpur West Bengal India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chilamari M, Immel JR, Chen PH, Alghafli BM, Bloom S. Flavin Metallaphotoredox Catalysis: Synergistic Synthesis in Water. ACS Catal 2022; 12:4175-4181. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob R. Immel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Pei-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Bayan M. Alghafli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Steven Bloom
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Prieto A, Jaroschik F. Recent Applications of Rare Earth Complexes in Photoredox Catalysis for Organic
Synthesis. CURR ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825666211126123928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
In recent years, photoredox catalysis has appeared as a new paradigm for forging a
wide range of chemical bonds under mild conditions using abundant reagents. This approach
allows many organic transformations through the generation of various radical species, enabling
the valorization of non-traditional partners. A continuing interest has been devoted to
the discovery of novel radical-generating procedures. Over the last ten years, strategies using
rare-earth complexes as either redox-active centers or as redox-neutral Lewis acids have
emerged. This review provides an overview of the recent accomplishments made in this field.
It especially aims to demonstrate the utility of rare-earth complexes for ensuring photocatalytic
transformations and to inspire future developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Prieto
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mora-Rodríguez SE, Camacho-Ramírez A, Cervantes-González J, Vázquez MA, Cervantes-Jauregui JA, Feliciano A, Guerra-Contreras A, Lagunas-Rivera S. Organic dyes supported on silicon-based materials: synthesis and applications as photocatalysts. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01751a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The most important advance in photocatalysis in the last decade has been the synthesis and application of organic compounds to promote this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salma E. Mora-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Abygail Camacho-Ramírez
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Javier Cervantes-González
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Miguel A. Vázquez
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Jorge A. Cervantes-Jauregui
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Alberto Feliciano
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Antonio Guerra-Contreras
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Selene Lagunas-Rivera
- Cátedra-CONACyT, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guanajuato, DCNyE, Noria Alta s/n, Guanajuato, Gto., 36050, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Seth K. Recent progress in rare-earth metal-catalyzed sp 2 and sp 3 C–H functionalization to construct C–C and C–heteroelement bonds. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01859k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The review presents rare-earth metal-catalyzed C(sp2/sp3)–H functionalization accessing C–C/C–heteroatom bonds and olefin (co)polymerization, highlighting substrate scope, mechanistic realization, and origin of site-, enantio-/diastereo-selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kapileswar Seth
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) – Guwahati, Sila Katamur, Changsari, Kamrup 781101, Assam, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mouli MSSV, Mishra AK. Formation of the silver-flavin coordination polymers and their morphological studies. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00071g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This Communication describes the formation of 1D-coordination polymeric motifs involving modified flavin analog connected together through intervening silver ions. Rare bidentate coordination mode for model flavin was achieved with silver...
Collapse
|
22
|
Mouli MSSV, Mishra AK. Modulating catalytic activity of a modified flavin analogue via judicially positioned metal ion toward aerobic sulphoxidation. RSC Adv 2022; 12:3990-3995. [PMID: 35425444 PMCID: PMC8981109 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06558k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This manuscript describes the synthesis, spectroscopic and crystallographic characterization of a cadmium complex of 10-propoylisoalloxazine-7-carboxylic acid (Flc-Cd). Catalytic activity of Flc-Cd towards aerobic sulphoxidation reaction was investigated in the presence of l-ascorbic acid as the reducing agent. Notably the neutral un-metalated flavin analogue did not show any significant catalytic activity. The design strategy for Flc provides a close proximity of the metal centre to the flavin core without compromising the catalytic site thereby assisting the product formation when compared to unmetallated Flc. Minor enantioselectivity is also observed in cases where unsymmetrical sulphides were used; indicative of the possible involvement of chiral l-ascorbic acid in the intermediate formation. Design and synthesis of a catalytically efficient metal-flavin complex toward aerobic sulphoxidation was achieved via judicially positioning the metal ion near the catalytic site thereby assisting the intermediate formation.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. S. S. Vinod Mouli
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Hyderabad, Kandi-502284, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Hyderabad, Kandi-502284, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Visible light-mediated, high-efficiency oxidation of benzyl to acetophenone catalyzed by fluorescein. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
24
|
Guo H, Lei Z, Ma X, Liu S, Qiu Y, Zhao J. Boosting Sulfides Photooxidation by Fusing Naphthalimide and Flavin together. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:15255-15264. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01368a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Efficient and selective photocatalytic conversion of chemicals with visible light and naturally abundant resources has long been desired, but this requires finely designed sensitizers that are capable to convert light...
Collapse
|
25
|
Yan Q, Cui W, Li J, Xu G, Song X, Lv J, Yang D. C–H benzylation of quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones via visible-light riboflavin photocatalysis. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01910d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient visible light promoted riboflavin-catalyzed direct benzylation of substituted quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones for the synthesis of various C3-benzylated quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives has been developed under mild conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Yan
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Wenwen Cui
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Junxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Guiyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Xiuyan Song
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Jian Lv
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Daoshan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang YH, Yang Q, Walsh PJ, Schelter EJ. Light-mediated aerobic oxidation of C(sp 3)–H bonds by a Ce( iv) hexachloride complex. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00362g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A photochemical C(sp3)–H oxygenation of arene and alkane substrates (including methane) catalyzed by [NEt4]2[CeIVCl6] under mild conditions (1 atm, 25 °C) is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Heng Wang
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Qiaomu Yang
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li J, Zhao J, Ma C, Yu Z, Zhu H, Yun L, Meng Q. Visible-Light-Driven Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes Using Water-Soluble CdSe Quantum Dots. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:4985-4992. [PMID: 34494393 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative cleavage of C=C bonds is an important chemical reaction, which is a popular reaction in the photocatalytic field. However, high catalyst-loading and low turnover number (TON) are general shortcomings in reported visible-light-driven reactions. Herein, the direct oxidative cleavage of C=C bonds through water-soluble CdSe quantum dots (QDs) is described under visible-light irradiation at room temperature with high TON (up to 3.7×104 ). Under the same conditions, water-soluble CdSe QDs could also oxidize sulfides to sulfoxides with 51-84 % yields and TONs up to 3.4×104 . The key features of this photocatalytic protocol include high TONs, wide substrates scope, low catalyst loadings, simple and mild reaction conditions, and molecular O2 as the oxidant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jingnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Cunfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Zongyi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Hongfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
- Ningbo Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315016, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Aerobic oxidation of C-H bonds to carboxylic acids enabled by decatungstate photocatalysis. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
|
29
|
Krylov IB, Lopat’eva ER, Subbotina IR, Nikishin GI, Yu B, Terent’ev AO. Mixed hetero-/homogeneous TiO2/N-hydroxyimide photocatalysis in visible-light-induced controllable benzylic oxidation by molecular oxygen. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63831-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
30
|
Hassan Tolba A, Krupička M, Chudoba J, Cibulka R. Amide Bond Formation via Aerobic Photooxidative Coupling of Aldehydes with Amines Catalyzed by a Riboflavin Derivative. Org Lett 2021; 23:6825-6830. [PMID: 34424722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report an effective, operationally simple, and environmentally friendly system for the synthesis of tertiary amides by the oxidative coupling of aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes with amines mediated by riboflavin tetraacetate (RFTA), an inexpensive organic photocatalyst, and visible light using oxygen as the sole oxidant. The method is based on the oxidative power of an excited flavin catalyst and the relatively low oxidation potential of the hemiaminal formed by amine to aldehyde addition.
Collapse
|
31
|
Gu J, Wan Y, Ma H, Zhu H, Bu H, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Wu ZG, Li Y. Ferric ion concentration-controlled aerobic photo-oxidation of benzylic C–H bond with high selectivity and conversion. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
32
|
Guo H, Ma X, Lei Z, Qiu Y, Zhao J, Dick B. Photophysical properties of N-methyl and N-acetyl substituted alloxazines: a theoretical investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:13734-13744. [PMID: 34128506 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01201k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electronic structure and photophysical properties of a series of N-methyl and N-acetyl substituted alloxazines (AZs) were investigated with extensive density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) based calculations. We showed that non-radiative decays from the lowest singlet and triplet excited states of these AZs are dominant over their radiative counterparts. The fast non-radiative decays of the excited AZs can be attributed to the energy consumption (Ereorg) through structural reorganization facilitated by the intrinsic normal modes of the alloxazine framework, as well as their coupling with those of the functional groups. Substitution with functional groups may lead to further perturbation of the electronic structure of the AZ chromophore, which may enhance intersystem crossing with the ππ* states of the AZs. Due to the different bonding of N1 and N3 within the alloxazine framework, substitution may result in AZs with different photophysical properties. Specifically, functionalization at N1 may help in maintaining or even reducing Ereorg and would promote the absorption and radiative decay from the excited AZs. However, the strong coupling of the vibrational modes of acetyl at N3 with the intrinsic normal modes of the alloxazine framework would contribute significantly to Ereorg, and benefit the non-radiative decay of the excited AZs. We expect that the findings would pave the way for rational design of novel AZs with extraordinary photophysical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaolin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiwen Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Bernhard Dick
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, Regensburg, 93053, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pokluda A, Anwar Z, Boguschová V, Anusiewicz I, Skurski P, Sikorski M, Cibulka R. Robust Photocatalytic Method Using Ethylene‐Bridged Flavinium Salts for the Aerobic Oxidation of Unactivated Benzylic Substrates. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Pokluda
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague Technická 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Zubair Anwar
- Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8 61–614 Poznań Poland
| | - Veronika Boguschová
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague Technická 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Iwona Anusiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk Wita Stwosza 63 80–308 Gdańsk Poland
| | - Piotr Skurski
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk Wita Stwosza 63 80–308 Gdańsk Poland
| | - Marek Sikorski
- Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8 61–614 Poznań Poland
| | - Radek Cibulka
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague Technická 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Dai P, Xu L. Visible-Light-Induced Benzylic C—H Oxygenation Reaction Using Tetrabutylammonium Tribromide as the Catalyst. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202106041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
36
|
Shen Z, Zhao Z, Ren Y, Liu W, Tian X, Zheng X, Zhao B. Nitric‐Acid‐Catalyzed Aerobic Conversion of Benzyl Ethers to Benzaldehydes at Room Temperature. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpeng Shen
- College of Science Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou Henan 450002 P.R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmaceutics Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang Henan 471003 P. R. China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- College of Science Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou Henan 450002 P.R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmaceutics Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang Henan 471003 P. R. China
| | - Yun‐Lai Ren
- College of Science Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou Henan 450002 P.R. China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- College of Science Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou Henan 450002 P.R. China
| | - Xinzhe Tian
- College of Science Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou Henan 450002 P.R. China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Science Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou Henan 450002 P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmaceutics Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang Henan 471003 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chilamari M, Immel JR, Bloom S. General Access to C-Centered Radicals: Combining a Bioinspired Photocatalyst with Boronic Acids in Aqueous Media. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob R. Immel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Steven Bloom
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhou W, Wu X, Miao M, Wang Z, Chen L, Shan S, Cao G, Yu D. Light Runs Across Iron Catalysts in Organic Transformations. Chemistry 2020; 26:15052-15064. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of, Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Neijiang Normal University Neijiang 641100 P. R. China
| | - Xu‐Dong Wu
- Faculty of Material and Chemical Engineering Yibin University Yibin, Sichuan 644007 P. R. China
| | - Meng Miao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of, Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Zhe‐Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of, Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of, Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Si‐Yi Shan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of, Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Guang‐Mei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of, Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Da‐Gang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of, Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Deazaflavin reductive photocatalysis involves excited semiquinone radicals. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3174. [PMID: 32576821 PMCID: PMC7311442 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16909-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavin-mediated photocatalytic oxidations are established in synthetic chemistry. In contrast, their use in reductive chemistry is rare. Deazaflavins with a much lower reduction potential are even better suited for reductive chemistry rendering also deazaflavin semiquinones as strong reductants. However, no direct evidence exists for the involvement of these radical species in reductive processes. Here, we synthesise deazaflavins with different substituents at C5 and demonstrate their photocatalytic activity in the dehalogenation of p-halogenanisoles with best performance under basic conditions. Mechanistic investigations reveal a consecutive photo-induced electron transfer via the semiquinone form of the deazaflavin as part of a triplet-correlated radical pair after electron transfer from a sacrificial electron donor to the triplet state. A second electron transfer from the excited semiquinone to p-halogenanisoles triggers the final product formation. This study provides first evidence that the reductive power of excited deazaflavin semiquinones can be used in photocatalytic reductive chemistry. Flavins and deazaflavins are well suited for photoredox processes but their application in photoreductions is challenging. Here, the authors provide direct evidence of the high reductive power of excited deazaflavin semiquinones and their application in catalytic photodehalogenations.
Collapse
|
40
|
Lubov DP, Talsi EP, Bryliakov KP. Methods for selective benzylic C–H oxofunctionalization of organic compounds. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
41
|
|
42
|
Baker Dockrey SA, Narayan ARH. Photocatalytic Oxidative Dearomatization of Orcinaldehyde Derivatives. Org Lett 2020; 22:3712-3716. [PMID: 32293185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
For decades, oxidative dearomatization has been employed as a key step in the synthesis of complex molecules. Challenges in controlling the chemo- and site-selectivity of this transformation have sparked the development of a variety of specialized oxidants; however, these result in stoichiometric amounts of organic byproducts. Herein, we describe a photocatalytic method for oxidative dearomatization using molecular oxygen as the stoichiometric oxidant. This provides environmentally benign entry to highly substituted o-quinols, reactive intermediates which can be elaborated to a number of natural product families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Summer A Baker Dockrey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Alison R H Narayan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Peng Y, Li D, Fan J, Xu W, Xu J, Yu H, Lin X, Wu Q. Enantiocomplementary C-H Bond Hydroxylation Combining Photo-Catalysis and Whole-Cell Biocatalysis in a One-Pot Cascade Process. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhen Peng
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Danyang Li
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Jiajie Fan
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Weihua Xu
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Huilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Xianfu Lin
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhang W, Carpenter KL, Lin S. Electrochemistry Broadens the Scope of Flavin Photocatalysis: Photoelectrocatalytic Oxidation of Unactivated Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:409-417. [PMID: 31617271 PMCID: PMC6923568 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Riboflavin-derived photocatalysts have been extensively studied in the context of alcohol oxidation. However, to date, the scope of this catalytic methodology has been limited to benzyl alcohols. In this work, mechanistic understanding of flavin-catalyzed oxidation reactions, in either the absence or presence of thiourea as a cocatalyst, was obtained. The mechanistic insights enabled development of an electrochemically driven photochemical oxidation of primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols using a pair of flavin and dialkylthiourea catalysts. Electrochemistry makes it possible to avoid using O2 and an oxidant and generating H2 O2 as a byproduct, both of which oxidatively degrade thiourea under the reaction conditions. This modification unlocks a new mechanistic pathway in which the oxidation of unactivated alcohols is achieved by thiyl radical mediated hydrogen-atom abstraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Keith L Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yu Y, Guo P, Zhong JS, Yuan Y, Ye KY. Merging photochemistry with electrochemistry in organic synthesis. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01193e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances merging photochemistry with electrochemistry in organic synthesis are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory for Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University)
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
- P.R. China
| | - Peng Guo
- Key Laboratory for Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University)
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
- P.R. China
| | - Jun-Song Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University)
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
- P.R. China
| | - Yaofeng Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University)
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
- P.R. China
| | - Ke-Yin Ye
- Key Laboratory for Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University)
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
- P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tolba AH, Vávra F, Chudoba J, Cibulka R. Tuning Flavin-Based Photocatalytic Systems for Application in the Mild Chemoselective Aerobic Oxidation of Benzylic Substrates. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amal Hassan Tolba
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague; Technická 5 166 28 Prague Czech Republic
| | - František Vávra
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague; Technická 5 166 28 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Josef Chudoba
- Central Laboratories; University of Chemistry and Technology Prague; Technická 5 166 28 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Radek Cibulka
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague; Technická 5 166 28 Prague Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhang W, Carpenter KL, Lin S. Electrochemistry Broadens the Scope of Flavin Photocatalysis: Photoelectrocatalytic Oxidation of Unactivated Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| | - Keith L. Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zelenka J, Cibulka R, Roithová J. Flavinium Catalysed Photooxidation: Detection and Characterization of Elusive Peroxyflavinium Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15412-15420. [PMID: 31364790 PMCID: PMC6852162 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Flavin-based catalysts are photoactive in the visible range which makes them useful in biology and chemistry. Herein, we present electrospray-ionization mass-spectrometry detection of short-lived intermediates in photooxidation of toluene catalysed by flavinium ions (Fl+ ). Previous studies have shown that photoexcited flavins react with aromates by proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) on the microsecond time scale. For Fl+ , PCET leads to FlH.+ with the H-atom bound to the N5 position. We show that the reaction continues by coupling between FlH.+ and hydroperoxy or benzylperoxy radicals at the C4a position of FlH.+ . These results demonstrate that the N5-blocking effect reported for alkylated flavins is also active after PCET in these photocatalytic reactions. Structures of all intermediates were fully characterised by isotopic labelling and by photodissociation spectroscopy. These tools provide a new way to study reaction intermediates in the sub-second time range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Zelenka
- Department of Spectroscopy and CatalysisInstitute for Molecules and MaterialsRadboud University NijmegenHeyendaalseweg 1356525AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Radek Cibulka
- Department of organic chemistryFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of Chemistry and Technology PragueTechnická 5166 28Prague 6Czech Republic
| | - Jana Roithová
- Department of Spectroscopy and CatalysisInstitute for Molecules and MaterialsRadboud University NijmegenHeyendaalseweg 1356525AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zelenka J, Cibulka R, Roithová J. Flavinium Catalysed Photooxidation: Detection and Characterization of Elusive Peroxyflavinium Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Zelenka
- Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Radek Cibulka
- Department of organic chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Technická 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jana Roithová
- Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yu W, Wu W, Jiang H. Copper‐Catalyzed Benzylic C—H Functionalization, Oxidation and Cyclization of Methylarenes: Direct Access to 2‐Arylbenzothiazoles. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Yu
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China
| |
Collapse
|