1
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Temple SR, Tang J, Tizzard GJ, Mansikkamäki A, Layfield RA. Reduction of hexaazatrinaphthylenes by divalent lanthanocenes leads to ligand-based multiconfigurational properties. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:12460-12464. [PMID: 39026506 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01835d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Reduction of hexaazatrinaphthylene (HAN) and its hexamethyl derivative with [Cp*2Sm(THF)2] or [Cp*2Yb(OEt2)] produces [(Cp*2Ln)3(R6HAN)] (Ln = Sm, Yb; R = H, Me), where the heterocyclic ligand forms as a trianion. The magnetism and electronic structure of these compounds reflect unusual multiconfigurational character within the reduced ligand but not the lanthanide ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan R Temple
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK.
| | - Jinkui Tang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5626, 130022, Changchun, China
| | - Graham J Tizzard
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | | | - Richard A Layfield
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK.
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2
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López-Carballeira D, Polcar T. High throughput selection of organic cathode materials. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:264-273. [PMID: 37800977 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and affordable batteries require the design of novel organic electrode materials to overcome the drawbacks of the traditionally used inorganic materials, and the computational screening of potential candidates is a very efficient way to identify prospective solutions and minimize experimental testing. Here we present a DFT high-throughput computational screening where 86 million molecules contained in the PUBCHEM database have been analyzed and classified according to their estimated electrochemical features. The 5445 top-performing candidates were identified, and among them, 2306 are expected to have a one-electron reduction potential higher than 4 V versus (Li/Li+ ). Analogously, one-electron energy densities higher than 800 Whkg-1 have been predicted for 626 molecules. Explicit calculations performed for certain materials show that at least 69 candidates with a two-electron energy density higher than 1300 Whkg-1 . Successful molecules were sorted into several families, some of them already commonly used electrode materials, and others still experimentally untested. Most of them are small systems containing conjugated CO, NN, or NC functional groups. Our selected molecules form a valuable starting point for experimentalists exploring new materials for organic electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego López-Carballeira
- Department of Control Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Polcar
- Department of Control Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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3
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Yao B, Li G, Wu X, Sun H, Liu X, Li F, Guo T. Polyimide covalent organic frameworks bearing star-shaped electron-deficient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon building blocks: molecular innovations for energy conversion and storage. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:793-803. [PMID: 38168788 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05214a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Polyimide covalent organic frameworks (PI-COFs) are outstanding functional materials for electrochemical energy conversion and storage owing to their integrated advantages of the high electroactive feature of polyimides and the periodic porous structure of COFs. Nevertheless, only anhydride monomers with C2 symmetry are generally used, and limited selectivity of electron-deficient monomers has become a major obstacle in the development of materials. The introduction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a very effective method to regulate the structure-activity relationship of PI-COFs due to their excellent stability and electrical properties. Over the past two years, various star-shaped electron-deficient PAH building blocks possessing different compositions and topologies have been successfully fabricated, greatly improving the monomer selectivity and electrochemical performances of PI-COFs. This paper systematically summarizes the recent highlights in PI-COFs based on these building blocks. Firstly, the preparation of anhydride (or phthalic acid) monomers and PI-COFs related to different star-shaped PAHs is presented. Secondly, the applications of these PI-COFs in energy conversion and storage and the corresponding factors influencing their performance are discussed in detail. Finally, the future development of this meaningful field is briefly proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Guowang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Xianying Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Hongfei Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Xingyan Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Tingwang Guo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China.
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4
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Khan R, Chakraborty J, Singh Rawat K, Morent R, De Geyter N, Van Speybroeck V, Van Der Voort P. Super-Oxidizing Covalent Triazine Framework Electrocatalyst for Two-Electron Water Oxidation to H 2 O 2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313836. [PMID: 37806967 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical two-electron water oxidation (2e WOR) is gaining surging research traction for sustainable hydrogen peroxide production. However, the strong oxidizing environment and thermodynamically competitive side-reaction (4e WOR) posit as thresholds for the 2e WOR. We herein report a custom-crafted covalent triazine network possessing strong oxidizing properties as a proof-of-concept metal-free functional organic network electrocatalyst for catalyzing 2e WOR. As the first-of-its-kind, the material shows a maximum of 89.9 % Faradaic Efficiency and 1428 μmol/h/cm2 H2 O2 production rate at 3.0 V bias potential (vs reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE), which are either better or comparable to the state-of-the-art electrocatalysts. We have experimentally confirmed a stepwise 2e WOR mechanism which was further computationally endorsed by density functional theory studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqia Khan
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Jeet Chakraborty
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kuber Singh Rawat
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM), Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 46, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Rino Morent
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Geyter
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veronique Van Speybroeck
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM), Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 46, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Pascal Van Der Voort
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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5
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Kim SW, Jung H, Okyay MS, Noh HJ, Chung S, Kim YH, Jeon JP, Wong BM, Cho K, Seo JM, Yoo JW, Baek JB. Hexaazatriphenylene-Based Two-Dimensional Conductive Covalent Organic Framework with Anisotropic Charge Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310560. [PMID: 37654107 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with efficient charge transport is of immense interest for applications in optoelectronic devices. To enhance COF charge transport properties, electroactive building blocks and dopants can be used to induce extended conduction channels. However, understanding their intricate interplay remains challenging. We designed and synthesized a tailor-made COF structure with electroactive hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) core units and planar dioxin (D) linkages, denoted as HD-COF. With the support of theoretical calculations, we found that the HAT units in the HD-COF induce strong, eclipsed π-π stacking. The unique stacking of HAT units and the weak in-plane conjugation of dioxin linkages leads to efficient anisotropic charge transport. We fabricated HD-COF films to minimize the grain boundary effect of bulk COFs, which resulted in enhanced conductivity. As a result, the HD-COF films showed an electrical conductivity as high as 1.25 S cm-1 after doping with tris(4-bromophenyl)ammoniumyl hexachloroantimonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Wook Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjung Jung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahmut Sait Okyay
- Materials Science & Engineering Program, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Hyuk-Jun Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Sein Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Pil Jeon
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Bryan M Wong
- Materials Science & Engineering Program, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Seo
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Yoo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering/, Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Beom Baek
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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6
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Mikhailenko MV, Ivanov VV, Shestakov AF, Kuzmin AV, Khasanov SS, Otsuka A, Yamochi H, Kitagawa H, Konarev DV. Magnetic behavior and ground spin states for coordination {L·[M II(Hal) 2] 3} 3- assemblies (Hal = Cl or I) of radical trianion hexacyanohexaazatriphenylenes (L) with three coordinated high-spin Fe II ( S = 2) or Co II ( S = 3/2) centers. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:11222-11233. [PMID: 37525575 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01571h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of trianion assemblies of hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile {HAT(CN)6} and hexaazatrinaphthylenehexacarbonitrile {HATNA(CN)6} with three Fe(II) or Co(II) ions: {cryptand(K+)}3·{HATNA(CN)6·(FeIII2)3}3-·2C6H4Cl2 (1), {cryptand(K+)}3·{HATNA(CN)6·(CoIII2)3}3-·2C6H4Cl2 (2), and (CV+)3·{HAT(CN)6·(CoIICl2)3}3-·0.5(CVCl)·2.5C6H4Cl2 (3) are synthesized (CVCl = crystal violet). Salt 1 has a χMT value of 9.80 emu K mol-1 at 300 K, indicating a contribution of three high-spin FeII (S = 2) and one S = 1/2 of HATNA(CN)6˙3-. The χMT value increases with cooling up to 12.92 emu K mol-1 at 28 K, providing a positive Weiss temperature of +20 K. Such behavior is described using a strong antiferromagnetic coupling between S = 2 and S = 1/2 with J1 = -82.1 cm-1 and a weaker FeII-FeII antiferromagnetic coupling with J2 = -7.0 cm-1. As a result, the spins of three Fe(II) ions (S = 2) align parallel to each other forming a high-spin S = 11/2 system. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations support a high-spin state of CoII (S = 3/2) for 2 and 3. However, the χMT value of 2 and 3 is 2.25 emu K mol-1 at 300 K, which is smaller than 6 emu K mol-1 calculated for the system with three independent S = 3/2 and one S = 1/2 spins. In contrast to 1, the χMT values decrease with cooling to 0.13-0.36 emu K mol-1 at 1.9 K, indicating that spins of cobalt atoms align antiparallel to each other. Data fitting using PHI software for the model consisting of three high-spin Co(II) ions and an S = 1/2 radical ligand shows very large CoII-L˙3- coupling for 2 and 3 with J1 values of -442 and -349 cm-1. The CoII-CoII coupling via the ligand (J2) is also large, being -100 and -84 cm-1, respectively, which is more than 10 times larger than that of 1. One of the reasons for the J2 increase may be the shortening of the Co-N(L) bonds in 3 and 2 to 2.02(2) and 1.993(12) Å. DFT calculations support the population of the quartet state for the Co3 system, whereas the high-spin decet (S = 9/2) state is positioned higher by 680 cm-1 and is not populated at 300 K. This is explained by the large CoII-CoII coupling. Thus, a balance between J1 and J2 couplings provides parallel or antiparallel alignment of the FeII and CoII spins, leading to high- or low-spin ground states of {L·[MII(Hal)2]3}3-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim V Mikhailenko
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russia.
| | - Vladislav V Ivanov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russia.
- Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Alexander F Shestakov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russia.
- Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Aleksey V Kuzmin
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia
| | - Salavat S Khasanov
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia
| | - Akihiro Otsuka
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamochi
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Dmitri V Konarev
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russia.
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7
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Chen X, Liu D, Yang C, Shi L, Li F. Hexaazatrinaphthalene-Based Covalent Triazine Framework-Supported Rhodium(III) Complex: A Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Reductive Amination of Ketones to Primary Amines. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37285321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalysts is an important topic. Herein, a rhodium(III) complex Cp*Rh@HATN-CTF was synthesized by the coordinative immobilization of [Cp*RhCl2]2 on a hexaazatrinaphthalene-based covalent triazine framework. In the presence of Cp*Rh@HATN-CTF (1 mo l% Rh), a series of primary amines could be obtained via the reductive amination of ketones in high yields. Moreover, catalytic activity of Cp*Rh@HATN-CTF is well maintained during six runs. The present catalytic system was also applied for the large scale preparation of a biologically active compound. It would facilitate the development of CTF-supported transition metal catalysts for sustainable chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhong Chen
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Deyun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Yang
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Lili Shi
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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8
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Ran X, Yang J, Ali MA, Yang L, Chen Y. Rational Design of Lewis Base Electron Transport Materials for Improved Interface Property in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells: A Theoretical Investigation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091560. [PMID: 37177105 PMCID: PMC10180708 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Electron transport materials (ETMs) play a vital role in electron extraction and transport at the perovskite/ETM interface of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and are useful in power conversion efficiency (PCE), which is limited by interface carrier recombination. However, strategies for passivating undercoordinated Pb2+ at the perovskite/ETM interface employing ETMs remain a challenge. In this work, a variety of heteroatoms were used to strengthen the Lewis base property of new ETMs (asymmetrical perylene-diimide), aimed at deactivating non-bonded Pb2+ at the perovskite surface through Lewis acid-base coordination. Quantum chemical analysis revealed that novel ETMs have matched the energy level of perovskite, which enables electron extraction at the perovskite/ETM interface. The results also suggest that the large electron mobility (0.57~5.94 cm2 V-1 s-1) of designed ETMs shows excellent electron transporting ability. More importantly, reinforced interaction between new ETMs and Pb2+ was found, which is facilitating to passivation of the defects induced by unsaturated Pb2+ at the perovskite/ETM interface. Furthermore, it is found that MA (CH3NH3+), Pb, and IPb (iodine substituted on the Pb site) defects at the perovskite/ETM interface could be effectively deactivated by the new ETMs. This study provides a useful strategy to design ETMs for improving the interface property in PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Ran
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institution of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jixuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institution of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Mohamad Akbar Ali
- Advanced Materials Chemistry Center (AMCC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemistry, College of Art and Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lei Yang
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yonghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institution of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing 211816, China
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9
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Tajima K, Matsuo K, Yamada H, Fukui N, Shinokubo H. Diazazethrene bisimide: a strongly electron-accepting π-system synthesized via the incorporation of both imide substituents and imine-type nitrogen atoms into zethrene. Chem Sci 2023; 14:635-642. [PMID: 36741537 PMCID: PMC9847653 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05992d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of highly electron-accepting π-systems is a fundamentally challenging issue despite their potential applications as high-performance n-type organic semiconductors, organic rechargeable batteries, and stable redox-active organocatalysts. Herein, we demonstrate that the incorporation of both imide substituents and imine-type nitrogen atoms into zethrene affords the strongly electron-accepting π-system diazazethrene bisimide (DAZBI). DAZBI has a low-lying LUMO (-4.3 eV vs. vacuum) and is readily reduced by the weak reductant l-ascorbic acid to afford the corresponding dihydro species. The injection of two electrons into DAZBI provides the corresponding dianion. These reduced species display remarkable stability, even under ambient conditions, and an intense red fluorescence. A DAZBI dimer, which was also synthesized, effectively accommodated four electrons upon electron injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Tajima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya UniversityFuro-cho, Chikusa-kuNagoyaAichi 464-8603Japan
| | - Kyohei Matsuo
- Division of Material Science, Graduate of School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology8916-5 Takayama-cho, IkomaNara 630-0912Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Division of Material Science, Graduate of School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology8916-5 Takayama-cho, IkomaNara 630-0912Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya UniversityFuro-cho, Chikusa-kuNagoyaAichi 464-8603Japan,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)KawaguchiSaitama 332-0012Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya UniversityFuro-cho, Chikusa-kuNagoyaAichi 464-8603Japan
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10
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Mikhailenko MV, Ivanov VV, Kuzmin AV, Faraonov MA, Shestakov AF, Khasanov SS, Otsuka A, Yamochi H, Kitagawa H, Konarev DV. New HATNA(CN)6 ligand in the design of dianion magnetic assemblies with lanthanides {Cryptand(K+)}2{HATNA(CN)6·3LnIII(TMHD)3}2− (Ln = Gd, Tb and Dy). Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Liu PD, Liu AG, Wang PM, Chen Y, Bao Li. Smart crystalline frameworks constructed with bisquinoxaline-based component for multi-stimulus luminescent sensing materials. CHINESE JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2022.100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Wang Y, Zhang Q, Astier HPAG, Nickle C, Soni S, Alami FA, Borrini A, Zhang Z, Honnigfort C, Braunschweig B, Leoncini A, Qi DC, Han Y, Del Barco E, Thompson D, Nijhuis CA. Dynamic molecular switches with hysteretic negative differential conductance emulating synaptic behaviour. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:1403-1411. [PMID: 36411348 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01402-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To realize molecular-scale electrical operations beyond the von Neumann bottleneck, new types of multifunctional switches are needed that mimic self-learning or neuromorphic computing by dynamically toggling between multiple operations that depend on their past. Here, we report a molecule that switches from high to low conductance states with massive negative memristive behaviour that depends on the drive speed and number of past switching events, with all the measurements fully modelled using atomistic and analytical models. This dynamic molecular switch emulates synaptic behavior and Pavlovian learning, all within a 2.4-nm-thick layer that is three orders of magnitude thinner than a neuronal synapse. The dynamic molecular switch provides all the fundamental logic gates necessary for deep learning because of its time-domain and voltage-dependent plasticity. The synapse-mimicking multifunctional dynamic molecular switch represents an adaptable molecular-scale hardware operable in solid-state devices, and opens a pathway to simplify dynamic complex electrical operations encoded within a single ultracompact component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Cameron Nickle
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Saurabh Soni
- Hybrid Materials for Opto-Electronics Group, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+Institute for Nanotechnology, Molecules Center and Center for Brain-Inspired Nano Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Fuad A Alami
- Hybrid Materials for Opto-Electronics Group, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+Institute for Nanotechnology, Molecules Center and Center for Brain-Inspired Nano Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Borrini
- Hybrid Materials for Opto-Electronics Group, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+Institute for Nanotechnology, Molecules Center and Center for Brain-Inspired Nano Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christian Honnigfort
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center of Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Björn Braunschweig
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center of Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andrea Leoncini
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dong-Cheng Qi
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yingmei Han
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Enrique Del Barco
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
| | - Damien Thompson
- Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Christian A Nijhuis
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Hybrid Materials for Opto-Electronics Group, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+Institute for Nanotechnology, Molecules Center and Center for Brain-Inspired Nano Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.
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13
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Molecular and Morphological Engineering of Organic Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOrganic electrode materials (OEMs) can deliver remarkable battery performance for metal-ion batteries (MIBs) due to their unique molecular versatility, high flexibility, versatile structures, sustainable organic resources, and low environmental costs. Therefore, OEMs are promising, green alternatives to the traditional inorganic electrode materials used in state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. Before OEMs can be widely applied, some inherent issues, such as their low intrinsic electronic conductivity, significant solubility in electrolytes, and large volume change, must be addressed. In this review, the potential roles, energy storage mechanisms, existing challenges, and possible solutions to address these challenges by using molecular and morphological engineering are thoroughly summarized and discussed. Molecular engineering, such as grafting electron-withdrawing or electron-donating functional groups, increasing various redox-active sites, extending conductive networks, and increasing the degree of polymerization, can enhance the electrochemical performance, including its specific capacity (such as the voltage output and the charge transfer number), rate capability, and cycling stability. Morphological engineering facilitates the preparation of different dimensional OEMs (including 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D OEMs) via bottom-up and top-down methods to enhance their electron/ion diffusion kinetics and stabilize their electrode structure. In summary, molecular and morphological engineering can offer practical paths for developing advanced OEMs that can be applied in next-generation rechargeable MIBs.
Graphical abstract
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14
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Facile three-component reactions for the synthesis of N-unsubstituted 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones and base induced divergent N–H and C–C bond derivatizations. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Sun Z, Liu H, Shu M, Lin Z, Liu B, Li Y, Li J, Yu T, Yao H, Zhu S, Guan S. π-Conjugated Hexaazatrinaphthylene-Based Azo Polymer Cathode Material Synthesized by a Reductive Homocoupling Reaction for Organic Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:36700-36710. [PMID: 35938596 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel hexaazatrinaphthylene-based (HATN) azo polymer (PAH) was synthesized from a newly designed tri-nitro compound trinitrodiquinoxalino[2,3-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (HATNTN) through a Zn-induced reductive homocoupling reaction and used as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The integration of redox-active HATN units and azo linkages can improve the specific capacity, rate performance, and cycling stability of the PAH cathode. The control LIBs were assembled from HATNTN, in which HATNTN can be electrochemically reduced to an HATN-based azo polymer. Compared with the HATNTN cathode, the PAH cathode delivers higher specific capacities with much-improved cycling stability (97 mA h g-1 capacity retention after 1500 cycles at 500 mA g-1, which is around 28 times that of the HATNTN cathode) and considerably better rate performance (118 mA h g-1 at 2000 mA g-1, which is around 90 times that of the HATNTN cathode), simultaneously. This work provides a chemical polymerization strategy to construct extended π-conjugated azo polymers with multiple redox centers from nitro compounds for developing high-performance LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghui Sun
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High-Performance Polymer, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Huiling Liu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Meng Shu
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High-Performance Polymer, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ziyu Lin
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High-Performance Polymer, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High-Performance Polymer, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yunliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jiabin Li
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High-Performance Polymer, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tiechen Yu
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High-Performance Polymer, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hongyan Yao
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High-Performance Polymer, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shiyang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High-Performance Polymer, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shaowei Guan
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High-Performance Polymer, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
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16
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Shi R, Jiao S, Yue Q, Gu G, Zhang K, Zhao Y. Challenges and advances of organic electrode materials for sustainable secondary batteries. EXPLORATION 2022; 2:20220066. [PMCID: PMC10190941 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20220066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Shi
- School of Materials, Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Henan University Kaifeng China
| | - Shilong Jiao
- School of Materials, Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Henan University Kaifeng China
| | - Qianqian Yue
- School of Materials, Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Henan University Kaifeng China
| | - Guangqin Gu
- School of Materials, Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Henan University Kaifeng China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Materials, Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Henan University Kaifeng China
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17
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Fujimoto K, Sasaki K, Yamagishi S, Inuzuka T, Sanada K, Sakamoto M, Takahashi M. 7,12‐Dihydrobenzo[de]indolo[3,2‐b]quinoline: Unique Reactivity and Redox Interconversion. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Fujimoto
- Shizuoka Daigaku Faculty of Engineering 3-5-1 johoku nakaku 432-8561 hamamatsu JAPAN
| | | | | | - Toshiyasu Inuzuka
- Gifu University: Gifu Daigaku Division of Instrumental Analysis JAPAN
| | - Kazutaka Sanada
- Chiba University: Chiba Daigaku Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology JAPAN
| | - Masami Sakamoto
- Chiba University: Chiba Daigaku Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology JAPAN
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18
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Lyu CK, Gao YF, Gao ZA, Mo SY, Hua MQ, Li E, Fu SQ, Chen JY, Liu PN, Huang L, Lin N. Synthesis of Single-Layer Two-Dimensional Metal-Organic Frameworks M 3 (HAT) 2 (M=Ni, Fe, Co, HAT=1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene) Using an On-Surface Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204528. [PMID: 35466508 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
1,4,5,8,9,12-Hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) is one of the smallest polyheterocyclic aromatic building blocks for forming conjugated metal-organic frameworks (cMOFs). However, the strong inter-molecular steric hindrance impedes the growth of HAT-based cMOFs. Here we employ on-surface synthesis to grow single-layer two-dimensional cMOFs of M3 (HAT)2 (M=Ni, Fe, Co). Using scanning tunnelling microscopy and density-functional theory (DFT) analysis, we resolve that the frameworks comprise a hexagonal lattice of HAT molecules and a Kagome lattice of metal atoms. The DFT analysis indicates that Ni, Co and Fe carry a magnetic moment of 1.1, 2.5, and 3.7 μB, respectively. We anticipate that the small π-conjugated core of HAT and strong bidentate chelating coordination give rise to appealing electronic and magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kun Lyu
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi-Fan Gao
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zi-Ang Gao
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Song-Yu Mo
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mu-Qing Hua
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - En Li
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shu-Qing Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Yan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Nian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
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19
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Lyu C, Gao Y, Gao Z, Mo S, Hua M, Li E, Fu S, Chen J, Liu P, Huang L, Lin N. Synthesis of Single‐Layer Two‐Dimensional Metal–Organic Frameworks M
3
(HAT)
2
(M=Ni, Fe, Co, HAT=1,4,5,8,9,12‐hexaazatriphenylene) Using an On‐Surface Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Kun Lyu
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Yi‐Fan Gao
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
- Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Zi‐Ang Gao
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Song‐Yu Mo
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Mu‐Qing Hua
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
| | - En Li
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Shu‐Qing Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai China
| | - Jia‐Yan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai China
| | - Pei‐Nian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
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20
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Hinokimoto A, Ono T, Fujiwara M, Mori H, Akiyoshi R, Nakamura S, Tsutsumi O, Saeki A, Kitagawa Y, Horike S, Tanaka D. Synthesis and Strong π-π Interaction of Hexaazatriphenylene Derivatives with Alternating Electron-Withdrawing and -Donating Groups. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200225. [PMID: 35434893 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) derivatives have attracted wide attention because of their electron-deficient nature and unique self-assembly properties. In this work, a facile synthesis method for obtaining HAT derivatives with alternating electron-withdrawing nitrile and electron-donating alkoxy groups ( HATCNOC n ) is proposed. Crystal structure analysis indicated that HATCNOC n forms a one-dimensional columnar structure via strong π-π interactions. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the edge of HATCNOC n is divided into positively and negatively charged sites owing to the presence of alternating nitrile and alkoxy groups, which would induce strong π-π interactions. Thermal analysis and polarizing optical microscopy revealed that HATCNOC n exhibits columnar liquid-crystal phases. Time-resolved microwave conductivity measurements further demonstrated the photoconductive nature of HATCNOC n . The proposed strategy could provide a new strategy for the design of novel organic semiconductive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Hinokimoto
- Kwansei Gakuin University School of Science and Technology Graduate School of Science and Technology: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku Rikogakubu Daigakuin Rikogaku Kenkyuka, Department of Chemistry, JAPAN
| | - Toshinori Ono
- Kwansei Gakuin University School of Science and Technology Graduate School of Science and Technology: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku Rikogakubu Daigakuin Rikogaku Kenkyuka, Department of Chemistry, JAPAN
| | - Makoto Fujiwara
- Kwansei Gakuin University School of Science and Technology Graduate School of Science and Technology: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku Rikogakubu Daigakuin Rikogaku Kenkyuka, Department of Chemistry, JAPAN
| | - Hiroki Mori
- Kwansei Gakuin University School of Science and Technology Graduate School of Science and Technology: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku Rikogakubu Daigakuin Rikogaku Kenkyuka, Department of Chemistry, JAPAN
| | - Ryohei Akiyoshi
- Kwansei Gakuin University School of Science and Technology Graduate School of Science and Technology: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku Rikogakubu Daigakuin Rikogaku Kenkyuka, Department of Chemistry, JAPAN
| | | | - Osamu Tsutsumi
- Ritsumeikan University: Ritsumeikan Daigaku, Department of Applied Chemistry, JAPAN
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Osaka University School of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering: Osaka Daigaku Kogakubu Daigakuin Kogaku Kenkyuka, Department of Applied Chemistry, JAPAN
| | - Yasutaka Kitagawa
- Osaka University Graduate School of Engineering Science School of Engineering Science: Osaka Daigaku Daigakuin Kiso Kogaku Kenkyuka Kiso Kogakubu, Department of Materials Engineering Science, JAPAN
| | - Satoshi Horike
- Kyoto University - Yoshida Campus: Kyoto Daigaku, Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, JAPAN
| | - Daisuke Tanaka
- Kwansei Gakuin University, School of Science and Technology, 2-1 Gakuen, 669-1337, Sanda, JAPAN
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21
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Vázquez D, Comba MB, Spanevello RA, Libonatti B, Mangione MI. Insights into the synthesis of hexaaminobenzene hydrochloride: An entry to hexaazatriphenylenes. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Schutjajew K, Pampel J, Zhang W, Antonietti M, Oschatz M. Influence of Pore Architecture and Chemical Structure on the Sodium Storage in Nitrogen-Doped Hard Carbons. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006767. [PMID: 33615707 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hard carbon is the material of choice for sodium ion battery anodes. Capacities comparable to those of lithium/graphite can be reached, but the understanding of the underlying sodium storage mechanisms remains fragmentary. A two-step process is commonly observed, where sodium first adsorbs to polar sites of the carbon ("sloping region") and subsequently fills small voids in the material ("plateau region"). To study the impact of nitrogen functionalities and pore geometry on sodium storage, a systematic series of nitrogen-doped hard carbons is synthesized. The nitrogen content is found to contribute to sloping capacity by binding sodium ions at edges and defects, whereas higher plateau capacities are found for materials with less nitrogen content and more extensive graphene layers, suggesting the formation of 2D sodium structures stabilized by graphene-like pore walls. In fact, up to 84% of the plateau capacity is measured at potentials less than 0 V versus metallic Na, that is, quasimetallic sodium can be stabilized in such structure motifs. Finally, gas physisorption measurements are related to charge-discharge data to identify the energy storage relevant pore architectures. Interestingly, these are pores inaccessible to probe gases and electrolytes, suggesting a new view on such "closed pores" required for efficient sodium storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Schutjajew
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jonas Pampel
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Wuyong Zhang
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Martin Oschatz
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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23
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A hexaazatriphenylene fused large discotic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with selective and sensitive metal-ion sensing properties. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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24
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Pickhardt W, Wohlgemuth M, Grätz S, Borchardt L. Mechanochemically Assisted Synthesis of Hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile. J Org Chem 2021; 86:14011-14015. [PMID: 34014673 PMCID: PMC8524413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile (HAT CN) was synthesized mechanochemically at room temperature. The coupling of hexaketocyclohexane and diaminomaleonitrile was conducted in 10 min by vibratory ball milling. The effects of milling parameters, acids, dehydrating agents, and liquid-assisted grinding were rationalized. With 67%, the yield of this mechanochemical approach exceeds that of state-of-the-art wet-chemical syntheses while being superior with respect to time-, resource-, and energy-efficiency as quantified via green metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilm Pickhardt
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Maximilian Wohlgemuth
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Sven Grätz
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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25
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Vadivel M, Singh S, Singh DP, Raghunathan VA, Kumar S. Ambipolar Charge Transport Properties of Naphthophenanthridine Discotic Liquid Crystals. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10364-10372. [PMID: 34482689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c06009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel naphthophenanthridine derivatives are synthesized via N-annulation of hexabutoxytriphenylene-1-amine with various aliphatic aldehydes through the Pictet-Spengler reaction. The synthesized derivatives have been found to self-assemble into a columnar hexagonal mesophase over a wide temperature range, as validated through polarized optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction experiments. The photophysical properties of these compounds were studied using UV-visible and emission spectroscopy. The synthesized compounds exhibit ambipolar charge transport, showing temperature-independent electron and hole mobility on the order of 3 × 10-4 cm2/V s, as evaluated by the time-of-flight technique. These novel N-annulated derivatives can be of immense potential toward semiconducting applications of self-assembling supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marichandran Vadivel
- Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, C.V.Raman Avenue, Bengaluru 560080, India
| | - Shikha Singh
- Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, C.V.Raman Avenue, Bengaluru 560080, India
| | - Dharmendra Pratap Singh
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4476, UDSMM, Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires, Calais F-62228, France
| | - V A Raghunathan
- Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, C.V.Raman Avenue, Bengaluru 560080, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, C.V.Raman Avenue, Bengaluru 560080, India.,Department of Chemistry, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology (NMIT), Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560064, India
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26
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Kotwica K, Wielgus I, Proń A. Azaacenes Based Electroactive Materials: Preparation, Structure, Electrochemistry, Spectroscopy and Applications-A Critical Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14185155. [PMID: 34576378 PMCID: PMC8472324 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This short critical review is devoted to the synthesis and functionalization of various types of azaacenes, organic semiconducting compounds which can be considered as promising materials for the fabrication of n-channel or ambipolar field effect transistors (FETs), components of active layers in light emitting diodes (LEDs), components of organic memory devices and others. Emphasis is put on the diversity of azaacenes preparation methods and the possibility of tuning their redox and spectroscopic properties by changing the C/N ratio, modifying the nitrogen atoms distribution mode, functionalization with electroaccepting or electrodonating groups and changing their molecular shape. Processability, structural features and degradation pathways of these compounds are also discussed. A unique feature of this review concerns the listed redox potentials of all discussed compounds which were normalized vs. Fc/Fc+. This required, in frequent cases, recalculation of the originally reported data in which these potentials were determined against different types of reference electrodes. The same applied to all reported electron affinities (EAs). EA values calculated using different methods were recalculated by applying the method of Sworakowski and co-workers (Org. Electron. 2016, 33, 300-310) to yield, for the first time, a set of normalized data, which could be directly compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kotwica
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ireneusz Wielgus
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland; (I.W.); (A.P.)
| | - Adam Proń
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland; (I.W.); (A.P.)
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27
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di Nunzio MR, Hisaki I, Douhal A. HOFs under light: Relevance to photon-based science and applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2021.100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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28
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Tajima K, Matsuo K, Yamada H, Seki S, Fukui N, Shinokubo H. Acridino[2,1,9,8‐
klmna
]acridine Bisimides: An Electron‐Deficient π‐System for Robust Radical Anions and n‐Type Organic Semiconductors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Tajima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Kyohei Matsuo
- Division of Materials Science Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Division of Materials Science Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
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29
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Tajima K, Matsuo K, Yamada H, Seki S, Fukui N, Shinokubo H. Acridino[2,1,9,8‐
klmna
]acridine Bisimides: An Electron‐Deficient π‐System for Robust Radical Anions and n‐Type Organic Semiconductors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14060-14067. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Tajima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Kyohei Matsuo
- Division of Materials Science Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Division of Materials Science Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
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30
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Yu T, Ji F, Huang D, Gao Y, Shi Z, Sha X, Xu J, You S, Zhang M, Sha Q. Facile synthesis of penta-substituted pyrroles and pyrrole-fused piperidin-4-ones via four component reactions of 2,3-diketoesters, anilines and enaminones. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00921d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel and facile multicomponent reactions of 2,3-diketoesters, anilines and enaminones were developed. A variety of penta-substituted pyrroles and pyrrole-fused piperidin-4-ones can be easily accessed via interception of cationic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Fei Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Daichuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Ya Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoping Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Sha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Jiangyan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Siliang You
- State Key laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Sha
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
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31
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Cui C, Liu Y, Du Y. Recent Advancements of Hexaazatriphenylene-Based Materials for Energy Applications. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202105031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Konarev DV, Khasanov SS, Kuzmin AV, Mikhailenko MV, Otsuka A, Yamochi H, Kitagawa H, Lyubovskaya RN. Solid-State Properties of Hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile HAT(CN) 6 .- Radical Anions in Crystalline Salts Containing Cryptand(M + ) and Crystal Violet Cations. Chemistry 2020; 26:17470-17480. [PMID: 32852068 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline {Cryptand[2.2.2](Na+ )}{HAT(CN)6 .- }⋅0.5C6 H4 Cl2 (1), {Cryptand[2.2.2](K+ )}{HAT(CN)6 .- } (2), (CV+ ){HAT(CN)6 .- } (3), and (CV+ ){HAT(CN)6 .- }⋅2C6 H4 Cl2 (4) salts (where CV+ is the crystal violet cation) containing hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile radical anions have been obtained. The solid-state molecular structure as well as the optical and magnetic properties of HAT(CN)6 .- are studied. The formation of HAT(CN)6 .- in 1-4 leads to the appearance of new bands in the visible range, at 694 and 740 nm. The HAT(CN)6 .- radical anions have spin state S=1/2 and are packed in one-dimensional stacks containing the {HAT(CN)6 .- }2 dimers alternated with weaker interacting pairs of HAT(CN)6 .- in 1 and nearly isolated {HAT(CN)6 .- }2 dimers in 2. The {HAT(CN)6 .- }2 dimers are diamagnetic in 1 but they effectively mediate one-dimensional antiferromagnetic coupling of spins within the stacks with moderate exchange interaction of J/kB = -80 K. The behaviour of salt 2 is described by a singlet-triplet model for the {HAT(CN)6 .- }2 dimers with an energy gap of 434(±7) K. Magnetic behaviour of both salts agree well with the data of extended Hückel calculations. Salts 3 and 4 contain isolated stacks of alternated HAT(CN)6 .- and CV+ ions, and in this case, nearly paramagnetic behaviour is observed with Weiss temperatures of -1 and -7 K, respectively. Narrow Lorentzian EPR signals with g = 2.0033-2.0039 were found for the HAT(CN)6 .- radical anions in 1 and 4 but in solution g-factor shifts to 1.9964. The electronic structure of HAT(CN)6 .- is analysed based on X-ray diffraction data for 2, showing a Jahn-Teller distortion of the radical anion that reduces the symmetry from D3h to Cs and splits the initially degenerated LUMOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri V Konarev
- Department of Kinetics and Catalysis, Institute of Problems of, Chemical Physics RAS, 142432, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
| | - Salavat S Khasanov
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, 142432, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey V Kuzmin
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, 142432, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim V Mikhailenko
- Department of Kinetics and Catalysis, Institute of Problems of, Chemical Physics RAS, 142432, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation.,Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Akihiro Otsuka
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamochi
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Rimma N Lyubovskaya
- Department of Kinetics and Catalysis, Institute of Problems of, Chemical Physics RAS, 142432, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
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33
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Konarev DV, Khasanov SS, Mikhailenko MV, Batov MS, Shestakov AF, Kuzmin AV, Otsuka A, Yamochi H, Kitagawa H, Lyubovskaya RN. Magnetic Exchange through the Dianionic Hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATNA) Ligand in {HATNA(Fe
II
Cl
2
)
3
}
2−
Containing Fe
II
(
S
=2) Triangles. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri V. Konarev
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432 Russia
| | - Salavat S. Khasanov
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432 Russia
| | - Maxim V. Mikhailenko
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432 Russia
- Moscow State University Leninskie Gory Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Mikhail S. Batov
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432 Russia
- Moscow State University Leninskie Gory Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Alexander F. Shestakov
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432 Russia
| | - Alexey V. Kuzmin
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432 Russia
| | - Akihiro Otsuka
- Division of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
- Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Sciences Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Hideki Yamochi
- Division of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
- Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Sciences Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Division of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Rimma N. Lyubovskaya
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432 Russia
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34
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Rieth T, Tober N, Limbach D, Haspel T, Sperner M, Schupp N, Wicker P, Glang S, Lehmann M, Detert H. Impact of Substitution Pattern and Chain Length on the Thermotropic Properties of Alkoxy-Substituted Triphenyl-Tristriazolotriazines. Molecules 2020; 25:E5761. [PMID: 33297382 PMCID: PMC7729490 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Tristriazolotriazines (TTTs) with a threefold alkoxyphenyl substitution were prepared and studied by DSC, polarized optical microscopy (POM) and X-ray scattering. Six pentyloxy chains are sufficient to induce liquid-crystalline behavior in these star-shaped compounds. Thermotropic properties of TTTs with varying substitution patterns and a periphery of linear chains of different lengths, branching in the chain and swallow-tails, are compared. Generally, these disks display broad and stable thermotropic mesophases, with the tangential TTT being superior to the radial isomer. The structure-property relationships of the number of alkyl chains, their position, length and structure were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Rieth
- Department for Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099 Mainz, Germany; (T.R.); (N.T.); (D.L.); (T.H.); (M.S.); (N.S.); (P.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Natalie Tober
- Department for Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099 Mainz, Germany; (T.R.); (N.T.); (D.L.); (T.H.); (M.S.); (N.S.); (P.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Daniel Limbach
- Department for Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099 Mainz, Germany; (T.R.); (N.T.); (D.L.); (T.H.); (M.S.); (N.S.); (P.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Tobias Haspel
- Department for Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099 Mainz, Germany; (T.R.); (N.T.); (D.L.); (T.H.); (M.S.); (N.S.); (P.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Marcel Sperner
- Department for Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099 Mainz, Germany; (T.R.); (N.T.); (D.L.); (T.H.); (M.S.); (N.S.); (P.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Niklas Schupp
- Department for Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099 Mainz, Germany; (T.R.); (N.T.); (D.L.); (T.H.); (M.S.); (N.S.); (P.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Philipp Wicker
- Department for Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099 Mainz, Germany; (T.R.); (N.T.); (D.L.); (T.H.); (M.S.); (N.S.); (P.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Stefan Glang
- Department for Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099 Mainz, Germany; (T.R.); (N.T.); (D.L.); (T.H.); (M.S.); (N.S.); (P.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Matthias Lehmann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heiner Detert
- Department for Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099 Mainz, Germany; (T.R.); (N.T.); (D.L.); (T.H.); (M.S.); (N.S.); (P.W.); (S.G.)
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35
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Tian Z, López‐Salas N, Liu C, Liu T, Antonietti M. C 2N: A Class of Covalent Frameworks with Unique Properties. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001767. [PMID: 33344122 PMCID: PMC7740084 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
C2N is a unique member of the CnNm family (carbon nitrides), i.e., having a covalent structure that is ideally composed of carbon and nitrogen with only 33 mol% of nitrogen. C2N, with a stable composition, can easily be prepared using a number of precursors. Moreover, it is currently gaining extensive interest owing to its high polarity and good thermal and chemical stability, complementing carbon as well as classical carbon nitride (C3N4) in various applications, such as catalysis, environmental science, energy storage, and biotechnology. In this review, a comprehensive overview on C2N is provided; starting with its preparation methods, followed by a fundamental understanding of structure-property relationships, and finally introducing its application in gas sorption and separation technologies, as supercapacitor and battery electrodes, and in catalytic and biological processes. The review with an outlook on current research questions and future possibilities and extensions based on these material concepts is ended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University)Ministry of EducationNational Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan450002China
- Department of Colloid ChemistryMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesPotsdam14476Germany
| | - Nieves López‐Salas
- Department of Colloid ChemistryMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesPotsdam14476Germany
| | - Chuntai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University)Ministry of EducationNational Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan450002China
| | - Tianxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University)Ministry of EducationNational Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan450002China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological ColloidsMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122P. R. China
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid ChemistryMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesPotsdam14476Germany
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36
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Markovic A, Gerhards L, Sander P, Dosche C, Klüner T, Beckhaus R, Wittstock G. Electronic Transitions in Different Redox States of Trinuclear 5,6,11,12,17,18-Hexaazatrinaphthylene-Bridged Titanium Complexes: Spectroelectrochemistry and Quantum Chemistry. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:2506-2514. [PMID: 32969136 PMCID: PMC7756296 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Multinuclear transition metal complexes bridged by ligands with extended π-electronic systems show a variety of complex electronic transitions and electron transfer reactions. While a systematic understanding of the photochemistry and electrochemistry has been attained for binuclear complexes, much less is known about trinuclear complexes such as hexaphenyl-5,6,11,12,17,18-hexaazatrinaphthylene-tristitanocene [(Cp2 Ti)3 HATN(Ph)6 ]. The voltammogram of [(Cp2 Ti)3 HATN(Ph)6 ] shows six oxidation and three reduction waves. Solution spectra of [(Cp2 Ti)3 HATN(Ph)6 ] and of the electrochemically formed oxidation products show electronic transitions in the UV, visible and the NIR ranges. Density functional theory (DFT) and linear response time-dependent DFT show that the three formally titanium(II) centers transfer an electron to the HATN ligand in the ground state. The optically excited transitions occur exclusively between ligand-centered orbitals. The charged titanium centers only provide an electrostatic frame to the extended π-electronic system. Complete active self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculation on a structurally simplified model compound, which considers the multi-reference character imposed by the three titanium centers, can provide an interpretation of the experimentally observed temperature-dependent magnetic behavior of the different redox states of the title compound in full consistency with the interpretation of the electronic spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Markovic
- School of Mathematics and ScienceChemistry DepartmentCarl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg26111OldenburgGermany
| | - Luca Gerhards
- School of Mathematics and ScienceChemistry DepartmentCarl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg26111OldenburgGermany
| | - Pia Sander
- School of Mathematics and ScienceChemistry DepartmentCarl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg26111OldenburgGermany
| | - Carsten Dosche
- School of Mathematics and ScienceChemistry DepartmentCarl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg26111OldenburgGermany
| | - Thorsten Klüner
- School of Mathematics and ScienceChemistry DepartmentCarl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg26111OldenburgGermany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- School of Mathematics and ScienceChemistry DepartmentCarl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg26111OldenburgGermany
| | - Gunther Wittstock
- School of Mathematics and ScienceChemistry DepartmentCarl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg26111OldenburgGermany
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37
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Abstract
AbstractThe demands for high-performance and low-cost batteries make K-ion batteries (KIBs) considered as promising supplements or alternatives for Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, there are only a small amount of conventional inorganic electrode materials that can be used in KIBs, due to the large radius of K+ ions. Differently, organic electrode materials (OEMs) generally own sufficiently interstitial space and good structure flexibility, which can maintain superior performance in K-ion systems. Therefore, in recent years, more and more investigations have been focused on OEMs for KIBs. This review will comprehensively cover the researches on OEMs in KIBs in order to accelerate the research and development of KIBs. The reaction mechanism, electrochemical behavior, etc., of OEMs will all be summarized in detail and deeply. Emphasis is placed to overview the performance improvement strategies of OEMs and the characteristic superiority of OEMs in KIBs compared with LIBs and Na-ion batteries.
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38
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Yusran Y, Fang Q, Valtchev V. Electroactive Covalent Organic Frameworks: Design, Synthesis, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002038. [PMID: 32638452 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an emerging class of crystalline porous polymers with tailorable compositions, porosities, functionalities, and intrinsic chemical stability. The incorporation of electroactive moieties in the structure transforms COFs into electroactive materials with great potential for energy-related applications. Herein, the recent advances in the design and use of electroactive COFs as capacitors, batteries, conductors, fuel cells, water-splitting, and electrocatalysis are addressed. Their remarkable performance is discussed and compared with other porous materials; hence, perspectives in the development of electroactive COFs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusran Yusran
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qianrong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Valentin Valtchev
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266101, China
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie, Caen, 14000, France
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39
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Han MJ, Kim J, Kim B, Park SM, Ahn H, Shin TJ, Kim B, Kim H, Yoon DK. Orientation Control of Semiconducting Polymers Using Microchannel Molds. ACS NANO 2020; 14:12951-12961. [PMID: 33064002 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The molecular orientation of organic semiconductors (OSCs) is of fundamental importance to anisotropic electrical behavior as well as superior properties in practical applications. Here, a simple and effective method is demonstrated to fabricate highly oriented semiconducting polymers, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and poly{[N,N'-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenediimide-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5'-(2,2'-bithiophene)} (P(NDI2OD-T2)), by mass transfer effect under microchannel molds by diffusion and convection. Furthermore, parallel or perpendicular molecular arrangements relative to the channel direction were achieved by varying the widths of the microchannels, which are directly observed using polarized optical microscopy and two-dimensional grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction experiments. The method could enable the fabrication of organic field-effect transistors that exhibit anisotropic electrical properties indicating inter- or intrachain charge transport. The resulting platform will provide a simple approach for multidirectional orientations of anisotropic OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Jong Han
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Junkyu Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Mo Park
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Joo Shin
- UNIST Central Research Facilities, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - BongSoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungsoo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Yoon
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry and KINC, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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40
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Zhu R, Li QS, Li ZS. Molecular Engineering of Hexaazatriphenylene Derivatives toward More Efficient Electron-Transporting Materials for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:38222-38231. [PMID: 32805981 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The electron-transporting material (ETM) in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) plays important role in reducing hysteresis and realizing simple processing procedures, while the improvement of power conversion efficiency is limited by low electron mobility and weak perovskite/ETM interface interaction. In this work, three new ETMs (HAT-1, HAT-2, and HAT-3) were designed by introducing methoxyphenyl, imide, and naphthalene groups into the hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) skeleton, based on the ETM HATNASOC7 synthesized experimentally [Jen; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 8999]. Theoretical calculations showed that the electron mobilities of HAT-1, HAT-2, and HAT-3 are 2.98, 3.79, and 13.21 times that of HATNASOC7, which is attributed to the increased C···C and O···H interactions in the newly designed ETMs. More importantly, the evidently decreased perovskite/ETM interface distances and the significantly increased adsorption energies revealed that the interface interactions were markedly enhanced with the newly designed ETMs by forming additional Pb···O interactions, which promote the electron injection. The deep understanding of perovskite/ETM interface properties sheds new light on the complex factors determining the PSC function and paves the way for the rational design of highly efficient and stable components for PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Quan-Song Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ze-Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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41
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Li X, Wang H, Chen H, Zheng Q, Zhang Q, Mao H, Liu Y, Cai S, Sun B, Dun C, Gordon MP, Zheng H, Reimer JA, Urban JJ, Ciston J, Tan T, Chan EM, Zhang J, Liu Y. Dynamic Covalent Synthesis of Crystalline Porous Graphitic Frameworks. Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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42
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Ramakrishna J, Karunakaran L, Paneer SVK, Chennamkulam AM, Subramanian V, Dutta S, Venkatakrishnan P. Conveniently Synthesized Butterfly-Shaped Bitriphenylenes and their Application in Solution-Processed Organic Field-Effect Transistor Devices. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jagarapu Ramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; 600 036 Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Logesh Karunakaran
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; 600 036 Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Shyam Vinod Kumar Paneer
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory; Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai; 600 020 Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ajith Mithun Chennamkulam
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; 600 036 Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Venkatesan Subramanian
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory; Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai; 600 020 Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Soumya Dutta
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; 600 036 Chennai Tamil Nadu India
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43
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Nakashima K, Shimizu T, Kamakura Y, Hinokimoto A, Kitagawa Y, Yoshikawa H, Tanaka D. A new design strategy for redox-active molecular assemblies with crystalline porous structures for lithium-ion batteries. Chem Sci 2020; 11:37-43. [PMID: 32190257 PMCID: PMC7067258 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04175c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new design strategy for the high-performance organic cathode-active materials of lithium-ion batteries is presented, which involves the assembly of redox-active organic molecules with a crystalline porous structure.
A new design strategy for high-performance organic cathode active materials for lithium-ion batteries is presented, which involves the assembly of redox-active organic molecules with a crystalline porous structure using mixed-stacked charge-transfer (CT) complexes. Hexahydroxytriphenylene was used as a donor molecule and 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile as an acceptor molecule to give a new porous CT complex (PCT-1) with a pseudo-hexagonal mixed columnar structure. X-ray diffraction measurements and sorption experiments demonstrated that the intercolumnar spaces in PCT-1 can incorporate various molecules accompanied by lattice expansion. A lithium metal battery containing PCT-1 as a cathode active material exhibited a high capacity of 288 mA h g–1 at 500 mA g–1, and this performance was attributed to a combination of the redox-active units and the porous structure of PCT-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Nakashima
- School of Science and Technology , Kwansei Gakuin University , 2-1 Gakuen , Sanda , Hyogo 669-1337 , Japan . ;
| | - Takeshi Shimizu
- School of Science and Technology , Kwansei Gakuin University , 2-1 Gakuen , Sanda , Hyogo 669-1337 , Japan . ;
| | - Yoshinobu Kamakura
- School of Science and Technology , Kwansei Gakuin University , 2-1 Gakuen , Sanda , Hyogo 669-1337 , Japan . ;
| | - Akira Hinokimoto
- School of Science and Technology , Kwansei Gakuin University , 2-1 Gakuen , Sanda , Hyogo 669-1337 , Japan . ;
| | - Yasutaka Kitagawa
- Graduate School of Engineering Science , Osaka University , 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho , Toyonaka , Osaka 560-8531 , Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yoshikawa
- School of Science and Technology , Kwansei Gakuin University , 2-1 Gakuen , Sanda , Hyogo 669-1337 , Japan . ;
| | - Daisuke Tanaka
- School of Science and Technology , Kwansei Gakuin University , 2-1 Gakuen , Sanda , Hyogo 669-1337 , Japan . ; .,JST , PRESTO , 2-1 Gakuen , Sanda , Hyogo 669-1337 , Japan
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44
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Hydrogen-bonded porous frameworks constructed by rigid π-conjugated molecules with carboxy groups. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-019-00972-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThis review covers construction and properties of porous molecular crystals (PMCs) constructed through hydrogen-bonding of C3-symmetric, rigid, π-conjugated molecular building blocks possessing carboxyaryl groups, which was reported in the last 5 years by the author’s group. PMCs with well-defined, self-standing pores have been attracted attention due to various functionalities provided by selective and reversible inclusion of certain chemical species into the pores. However, it has been recognized for long time that construction of PMCs with permanent porosity is not easy due to weakness of noncovalent intermolecular interactions. Systematic construction of PMCs have been limited so far. To overcome this problem, the author has proposed a unique molecular design concept based on C3-symmetric π-conjugated molecules (C3PIs) possessing o-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene moieties in their periphery and demonstrated that C3PIs systematically yielded hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) composed of H-bonded 2D hexagonal networks (H-HexNets) or interpenetrated 3D pcu-networks, which exhibit permanent porosity, significant thermal stability, polar solvent durability, robustness/flexibility, and/or multifunctionality.
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45
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Vadra N, Huck-Iriart C, Giovanetti LJ, Di Chenna PH, Cukiernik FD. Supramolecular organogels based on mesogenic 2,7-difunctionalized triphenylenes as a simple system for water content assessment in light alcohols. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04834k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of di-hydroxylated triphenylenes in columnar mesophases and organogels depends on the spacer length and allows water quantification in alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahir Vadra
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Analítica y Química Física and CONICET–Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales
| | - Cristián Huck-Iriart
- Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología
- CONICET
- Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM)
- Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Lisandro J. Giovanetti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA)
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de la Plata
- CONICET
- La Plata
| | - Pablo H. Di Chenna
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a la Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR)
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
| | - Fabio D. Cukiernik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Analítica y Química Física and CONICET–Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales
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46
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Morawski O, Karpiuk J, Gawryś P, Sobolewski AL. Aggregation controlled photoluminescence of hexaazatri-naphthylene (HATN) – an experimental and theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:15437-15447. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01289k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photophysics of hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATN) in solution and in the solid state is determined by the nπ* character of its lowest excited singlet state and by the ππ* character of the first triplet state, and changes upon aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Morawski
- Institute of Physics
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- Al. Lotników 32/46
- 02-668 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Jerzy Karpiuk
- Institute of Physics
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- Al. Lotników 32/46
- 02-668 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Paweł Gawryś
- Institute of Physics
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- Al. Lotników 32/46
- 02-668 Warsaw
- Poland
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47
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Tahir N, Wang G, Onyshchenko I, De Geyter N, Leus K, Morent R, Van Der Voort P. High-nitrogen containing covalent triazine frameworks as basic catalytic support for the Cu-catalyzed Henry reaction. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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48
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Zou C, Sun J, Wang M, Wang J, Wu Y, Zhang L, Zhu Z, Xiong G, Jiang L, Ikeda T, Yang H. A UV-Responsive Multifunctional Photoelectric Device Based on Discotic Columnar Nanostructures and Molecular Motors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806016. [PMID: 30614564 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Orientation control of ordered materials would not only produce new physical phenomenon but also facilitate the development of fancy devices. Discotic liquid crystals (DLCs) form 1D charge transport pathway by self-organizing into columnar nanostructures via π-π stacking. However, controlling the electrical properties in such nanostructures with some direct and instant way is a formidable task for their high viscosity and insensitivity to external stimuli. Herein, the arbitrary control over electrical conductivity of such columnar nanostructures is achieved with UV light by incorporating DLCs with molecular motors. Highly ordered DLC microstripe arrays are generated on desired substrate through a capillary bridge dewetting strategy. The conductivity of the microstripes could be continuously modulated by 365 nm light due to the influence of molecular motion under UV irradiation on the electron orbital overlap of columnar nanostructures. This is so because the disorder degree of the DLC molecules is associated with the intensity of UV light and the doping concentration of molecular motors. Moreover, the device shows memory effect and reversible conductivity change. The DLC microstripe arrays are very promising for the applications in UV detectors, memory devices, optical switches, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jingxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lanying Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhongpeng Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Mechanical Electronic and Information Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Guirong Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Tomiki Ikeda
- Research and Development Initiative, Chuo University, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Huai Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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49
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Hisaki I, Suzuki Y, Gomez E, Ji Q, Tohnai N, Nakamura T, Douhal A. Acid Responsive Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2111-2121. [PMID: 30615836 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A porous hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) responsive to acid was constructed from a hexaazatrinaphthylene derivative with carboxyphenyl groups (CPHATN). Precise structures of both 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene solvate [CPHATN-1(TCB)] and activated HOF with permanent porosity (CPHATN-1a) were successfully determined by single-crystalline X-ray diffraction analysis. Permanent porosity of CPHATN-1a was evaluated by gas sorption experiments at low temperature. CPHATN-1a also shows significant thermal stability up to 633 K. Its crystals exhibit a rich photochemistry thanks to intramolecular charge-transfer and interunit proton-transfer reactions. Femtosecond (fs) experiments on crystals demonstrate that these events occur in ≤200 fs and 1.2 ps, respectively. Moreover, single-crystal fluorescence microscopy reveals a shift of the emission spectra most probably as a result of defects and a high anisotropic behavior, reflecting an ordered crystalline structure with a preferential orientation of the molecular dipole moments. Remarkably, CPHATN-1a, as a result of the protonation of pyradyl nitrogen atoms embedded in its π-conjugated core, shows reversible vapor acid-induced color changes from yellow to reddish-brown, which can be also followed by an ON/OFF of its emission. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first HOF that exhibits acid-responsive color changes. The present work provides new findings for developing stimuli responsive HOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Hisaki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science , Hokkaido University , Kitaku, Sapporo , Hokkaido 001-0020 , Japan
| | - Yuto Suzuki
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , 2-1 Yamadaoka , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Eduardo Gomez
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, and INAMOL , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avenida Carlos III , S/N, 45071 Toledo , Spain
| | - Qin Ji
- Research Institute for Electronic Science , Hokkaido University , Kitaku, Sapporo , Hokkaido 001-0020 , Japan
| | - Norimitsu Tohnai
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , 2-1 Yamadaoka , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nakamura
- Research Institute for Electronic Science , Hokkaido University , Kitaku, Sapporo , Hokkaido 001-0020 , Japan
| | - Abderrazzak Douhal
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, and INAMOL , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avenida Carlos III , S/N, 45071 Toledo , Spain
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50
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Xu S, Wang G, Biswal BP, Addicoat M, Paasch S, Sheng W, Zhuang X, Brunner E, Heine T, Berger R, Feng X. A Nitrogen‐Rich 2D sp
2
‐Carbon‐Linked Conjugated Polymer Framework as a High‐Performance Cathode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:849-853. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunqi Xu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Gang Wang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Bishnu P. Biswal
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
- Present address: Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research Stuttgart Germany
| | - Matthew Addicoat
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryLeipzig University Germany
- Present address: Nottingham Trent University Nottingham UK
| | - Silvia Paasch
- Chair of Bioanalytical ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden Germany
| | - Wenbo Sheng
- Chair of Macromolecular ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden Germany
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Eike Brunner
- Chair of Bioanalytical ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden Germany
| | - Thomas Heine
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryLeipzig University Germany
| | - Reinhard Berger
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
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