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Ali MY, Chen T, Orthner H, Wiggers H. Spray-Flame Synthesis of NASICON-Type Rhombohedral (α) Li 1+xY xZr 2-x(PO 4) 3 [x = 0-0.2] Solid Electrolytes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1278. [PMID: 39120383 PMCID: PMC11314149 DOI: 10.3390/nano14151278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Since solid electrolytes have a broad electrochemical stability window, are exceptionally electrochemically stable against Li metal, and function as a physical separator to prevent dendrite growth, they are at the forefront of alternate possibilities, further increasing the stability and energy density of Li-ion batteries. NASICON-type electrolytes are a promising candidate due to their negligible moisture sensitivity, which results in outstanding stability and a lower probability of Li2CO3 passivity under the ambient atmosphere. However, one of the most promising representatives, Li1+xYxZr2-x(PO4)3 (LYZP), has multiple stable phases with significant variation in their corresponding Li-ion conductivity. In this paper, we have successfully synthesized the highly ionically conductive rhombohedral phase of LYZP via spray-flame synthesis. Two different solvent mixtures (e.g., 2-ethyl hexanoic acid/ethanol, propanol/propanoic acid) were chosen to explore the effect of precursor composition and combustion enthalpy on the phase composition of the nanoparticle. The as-synthesized nanoparticles from spray-flame synthesis consisted of the crystalline tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2) phase, while lithium, yttrium, and phosphate were present on the nanoparticles' surface as amorphous phases. However, a short annealing step (1 h) was sufficient to obtain the NASICON phase. Moreover, we have shown the gradual phase conversion from orthorhombic β phase to rhombohedral α phase as the annealing temperature increased from 700 °C to 1300 °C (complete removal of β phase). In this context, Y3+ doping was also crucial, along with the appropriate solvent mixture and annealing temperature, for obtaining the much-desired rhombohedral α phase. Further, 0.2 at% Y3+ doping was added to the solvent mixture of 2-ethyl hexanoic acid/ethanol, and annealing at 1300 °C for 1 h resulted in a high ionic conductivity of 1.14∙10-5 S cm-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Yusuf Ali
- Institute for Energy and Materials Processes—Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany; (M.Y.A.); (T.C.); (H.O.)
| | - Tianyu Chen
- Institute for Energy and Materials Processes—Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany; (M.Y.A.); (T.C.); (H.O.)
| | - Hans Orthner
- Institute for Energy and Materials Processes—Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany; (M.Y.A.); (T.C.); (H.O.)
| | - Hartmut Wiggers
- Institute for Energy and Materials Processes—Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany; (M.Y.A.); (T.C.); (H.O.)
- CENIDE, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
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Wang Y, Chen Z, Jiang K, Shen Z, Passerini S, Chen M. Accelerating the Development of LLZO in Solid-State Batteries Toward Commercialization: A Comprehensive Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402035. [PMID: 38770746 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Solid-state batteries (SSBs) are under development as high-priority technologies for safe and energy-dense next-generation electrochemical energy storage systems operating over a wide temperature range. Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) exhibit high thermal stability and, in some cases, the ability to prevent dendrite growth through a physical barrier, and compatibility with the "holy grail" metallic lithium. These unique advantages of SSEs have spurred significant research interests during the last decade. Garnet-type SSEs, that is, Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO), are intensively investigated due to their high Li-ion conductivity and exceptional chemical and electrochemical stability against lithium metal anodes. However, poor interfacial contact with cathode materials, undesirable lithium plating along grain boundaries, and moisture-induced chemical degradation greatly hinder the practical implementation of LLZO-based SSEs for SSBs. In this review, the recent advances in synthesis methods, modification strategies, corresponding mechanisms, and applications of garnet-based SSEs in SSBs are critically summarized. Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation of the challenges and development trends of LLZO-based electrolytes in practical applications is presented to accelerate their development for high-performance SSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zexiang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Sapienza University of Rome, Chemistry Department, P. Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Minghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
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3
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Li X, Xu W, Zhi C. Halogen-powered static conversion chemistry. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:359-375. [PMID: 38671189 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00597-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Halogen-powered static conversion batteries (HSCBs) thrive in energy storage applications. They fall into the category of secondary non-flow batteries and operate by reversibly changing the chemical valence of halogens in the electrodes or/and electrolytes to transfer electrons, distinguishing them from the classic rocking-chair batteries. The active halide chemicals developed for these purposes include organic halides, halide salts, halogenated inorganics, organic-inorganic halides and the most widely studied elemental halogens. Aside from this, various redox mechanisms have been discovered based on multi-electron transfer and effective reaction pathways, contributing to improved electrochemical performances and stabilities of HSCBs. In this Review, we discuss the status of HSCBs and their electrochemical mechanism-performance correlations. We first provide a detailed exposition of the fundamental redox mechanisms, thermodynamics, conversion and catalysis chemistry, and mass or electron transfer modes involved in HSCBs. We conclude with a perspective on the challenges faced by the community and opportunities towards practical applications of high-energy halogen cathodes in energy-storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Wenyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunyi Zhi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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4
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Jing W, Tang J, Liu M, Duan CK. Modeling the Zigzag Curves of Transition Metal Ions' Charge Transition Levels in Crystals. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4972-4981. [PMID: 38437827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Predicting the defect levels of transition metal (TM) dopants in the band gap of crystals is critical in determining the charge states of TM dopants and explaining their electronic and optical properties. By analyzing the calculated charge transition levels and the crystal-field strengths of all the 3d-TM ions in several insulators, we demonstrate that the variation trend of the 3d-TM dopants in a crystal is a scaling of the variation of 3d-electron binding energies (ionization potential) of the free TM ions corrected by adding the contribution of the 3d-orbital's crystal-field splitting. We therefore develop a model to predict the relative location of TM ions' defect levels in the band gap from the defect level and crystal-field splitting of a reference TM ion in the host of concern. The model is applied to predict the defect levels of the series of TM ions in β-Ga2O3 and ZnO, which have moderate to small band gaps, making some of the levels fall into the conduction or valence bands. These results show that the model may serve as a quick reference for related material design and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Jing
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, UCLouvain, Chemin des Étoiles 8, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Mingzhe Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chang-Kui Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
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5
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Li C, Xu Y, Deng W, Zhou Y, Guo X, Chen Y, Li R. Regulating Interlayer-Spacing of Vanadium Phosphates for High-Capacity and Long-Life Aqueous Iron-Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305766. [PMID: 37771178 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Although the research on aqueous batteries employing metal as the anode is still mainly focused on the aqueous zinc-ion battery, aqueous iron-ion batteries are considered as promising aqueous batteries owing to the lower cost, higher specific capacity, and better stability. However, the sluggish Fe2+ (de)intercalation leads to unsatisfactory specific capacity and poor electrochemical stability, which makes it difficult to find cathode materials with excellent electrochemical properties. Herein, phenylamine (PA)-intercalated VOPO4 materials with expanded interlayer spacing are synthesized and applied successfully in aqueous iron-ion batteries. Owing to enough diffusion space from the expanded interlayer, which can boost fast Fe2+ diffusion, the aqueous iron-ion battery shows a high specific capacity of 170 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 , excellent rate performance, and cycle stability (96.2% capacity retention after 2200 cycles). This work provides a new direction for cathode material design in the development of aqueous iron-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yushuang Xu
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenjun Deng
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xinyu Guo
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Zhu F, Guo W, Fu Y. Functional materials for aqueous redox flow batteries: merits and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:8410-8446. [PMID: 37947236 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00703k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are promising electrochemical energy storage systems, offering vast potential for large-scale applications. Their unique configuration allows energy and power to be decoupled, making them highly scalable and flexible in design. Aqueous RFBs stand out as the most promising technologies, primarily due to their inexpensive supporting electrolytes and high safety. For aqueous RFBs, there has been a skyrocketing increase in studies focusing on the development of advanced functional materials that offer exceptional merits. They include redox-active materials with high solubility and stability, electrodes with excellent mechanical and chemical stability, and membranes with high ion selectivity and conductivity. This review summarizes the types of aqueous RFBs currently studied, providing an outline of the merits needed for functional materials from a practical perspective. We discuss design principles for redox-active candidates that can exhibit excellent performance, ranging from inorganic to organic active materials, and summarize the development of and need for electrode and membrane materials. Additionally, we analyze the mechanisms that cause battery performance decay from intrinsic features to external influences. We also describe current research priorities and development trends, concluding with a summary of future development directions for functional materials with valuable insights for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulong Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Guo
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Yongzhu Fu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
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Maureira D, Romero O, Illanes A, Wilson L, Ottone C. Industrial bioelectrochemistry for waste valorization: State of the art and challenges. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 64:108123. [PMID: 36868391 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemistry has gained importance in recent years for some of its applications on waste valorization, such as wastewater treatment and carbon dioxide conversion, among others. The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of the applications of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) for waste valorization in the industry, identifying current limitations and future perspectives of this technology. BESs are classified according to biorefinery concepts into three different categories: (i) waste to power, (ii) waste to fuel and (iii) waste to chemicals. The main issues related to the scalability of bioelectrochemical systems are discussed, such as electrode construction, the addition of redox mediators and the design parameters of the cells. Among the existing BESs, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) stand out as the more advanced technologies in terms of implementation and R&D investment. However, there has been little transfer of such achievements to enzymatic electrochemical systems. It is necessary that enzymatic systems learn from the knowledge reached with MFC and MEC to accelerate their development to achieve competitiveness in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Maureira
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Oscar Romero
- Bioprocess Engineering and Applied Biocatalysis Group, Departament of Chemical, Biological and Enviromental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Spain.
| | - Andrés Illanes
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Lorena Wilson
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Carminna Ottone
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile.
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8
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Senthilkumar SH, Ramasubramanian B, Rao RP, Chellappan V, Ramakrishna S. Advances in Electrospun Materials and Methods for Li-Ion Batteries. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071622. [PMID: 37050236 PMCID: PMC10096578 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Electronic devices commonly use rechargeable Li-ion batteries due to their potency, manufacturing effectiveness, and affordability. Electrospinning technology offers nanofibers with improved mechanical strength, quick ion transport, and ease of production, which makes it an attractive alternative to traditional methods. This review covers recent morphology-varied nanofibers and examines emerging nanofiber manufacturing methods and materials for battery tech advancement. The electrospinning technique can be used to generate nanofibers for battery separators, the electrodes with the advent of flame-resistant core-shell nanofibers. This review also identifies potential applications for recycled waste and biomass materials to increase the sustainability of the electrospinning process. Overall, this review provides insights into current developments in electrospinning for batteries and highlights the commercialization potential of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Harini Senthilkumar
- Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Brindha Ramasubramanian
- Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), #08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Rayavarapu Prasada Rao
- Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Vijila Chellappan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), #08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
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9
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Lee K, Das M, Pitell M, Wirth CL. Surfactant induced catastrophic collapse of carbon black suspensions used in flow battery application. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 633:712-722. [PMID: 36481426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Carbon black particles act as electronically conductive additives in the slurry electrodes used in electrochemical redox flow batteries. Modifying the carbon black slurry formulation with the addition of a nonionic surfactant could impart improved particle dispersion, gravitational stability, and flowability leading to better battery performance. EXPERIMENTS Carbon black particles were dispersed in 1 M H2SO4 with volume fractions Φ = 0.01 to 0.06 and a nonionic surfactant (Triton X-100) concentration of csurf. = 0, 0.05, and 0.1 M. Particle size was characterized using microscopy and surfactant adsorption using UV-vis spectroscopy. Sedimentation kinetics was measured using a custom camera set-up that tracks the height of the settling particle bed. Rheology experiments were conducted to measure linear viscoelasticity and shear flow behavior. FINDINGS The sedimentation dynamics of the slurry resembled that of a gel collapse. At short times we observed fast sedimentation associated with structural gel collapse and at long times very slow sedimentation associated with compaction of the sediment. Rheological investigations revealed that the slurry indeed behaved like colloidal gels. Addition of nonionic surfactant at α (= (csurf./cCB)) < 0.75 improved particle dispersion and increased gel elasticity. However, α> 0.75 led to a weaker gel that exhibits a fast 'catastrophic collapse' under gravity.
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Affiliation(s)
- KangJin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve Unviersity, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland 44106, OH, USA
| | - Mohan Das
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve Unviersity, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland 44106, OH, USA.
| | - Matthew Pitell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve Unviersity, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland 44106, OH, USA
| | - Christopher L Wirth
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve Unviersity, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland 44106, OH, USA
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10
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Sang P, Chen Q, Wang DY, Guo W, Fu Y. Organosulfur Materials for Rechargeable Batteries: Structure, Mechanism, and Application. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1262-1326. [PMID: 36757873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries have received significant attention over the last decades due to the wide application of portable electronics and increasing deployment of electric vehicles. In order to further enhance the performance of the batteries and overcome the capacity limitations of inorganic electrode materials, it is imperative to explore new cathode and functional materials for rechargeable lithium batteries. Organosulfur materials containing sulfur-sulfur bonds as a kind of promising organic electrode materials have the advantages of high capacities, abundant resources, tunable structures, and environmental benignity. In addition, organosulfur materials have been widely used in almost every aspect of rechargeable batteries because of their multiple functionalities. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the development of organosulfur materials including the synthesis and application as cathode materials, electrolyte additives, electrolytes, binders, active materials in lithium redox flow batteries, and other metal battery systems. We also give an in-depth analysis of structure-property-performance relationship of organosulfur materials, and guidance for the future development of organosulfur materials for next generation rechargeable lithium batteries and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Sang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiliang Chen
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Yang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhu Fu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
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11
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Chen R. Redox Flow Batteries: Electrolyte Chemistries Unlock the Thermodynamic Limits. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201024. [PMID: 36367282 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) represent a promising approach to enabling the widespread integration of intermittent renewable energy. Rapid developments in RFB materials and electrolyte chemistries are needed to meet the cost and performance targets. In this review, special emphasis is given to the recent advances how electrolyte design could circumvent the main thermodynamic restrictions of aqueous electrolytes. The recent success of aqueous electrolyte chemistries has been demonstrated by extending the electrochemical stability window of water beyond the thermodynamic limit, the operating temperature window beyond the thermodynamic freezing temperature of water and crystallization of redox-active materials, and the aqueous solubility beyond the thermodynamic solubility limit. They would open new avenues towards enhanced energy storage and all-climate adaptability. Depending on the constituent, concentration and condition of electrolytes, the performance gain has been correlated to the specific solvation environment, interactions among species and ion association at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyong Chen
- Materials Innovation Factory Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, United Kingdom.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Europe Campus E7 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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12
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Zheng Z, Cao H, Shi W, She C, Zhou X, Liu L, Zhu Y. Low-Cost Zinc-Alginate-Based Hydrogel-Polymer Electrolytes for Dendrite-Free Zinc-Ion Batteries with High Performances and Prolonged Lifetimes. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010212. [PMID: 36616562 PMCID: PMC9823846 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) represent an attractive choice for energy storage. However, ZIBs suffer from dendrite growth and an irreversible consumption of Zn metal, leading to capacity degradation and a low lifetime. In this work, a zinc-alginate (ZA) hydrogel-polymer electrolyte (HGPE) with a non-porous structure was prepared via the solution-casting method and ion displacement reaction. The resulting ZA-based HGPE exhibits a high ionic conductivity (1.24 mS cm-1 at room temperature), excellent mechanical properties (28 MPa), good thermal and electrochemical stability, and an outstanding zinc ion transference number (0.59). The ZA-based HGPE with dense structure is proven to benefit the prevention of the uneven distribution of ion current and facilitates the reduction of excessive interfacial resistance within the battery. In addition, it greatly promotes the uniform deposition of zinc ions on the electrode, thereby inhibiting the growth of zinc dendrites. The corresponding zinc symmetric battery with ZA-based HGPE can be cycled stably for 800 h at a current density of 1 mA cm-2, demonstrating the stable and reversible zinc plating/stripping behaviors on the electrode surfaces. Furthermore, the quasi-solid-state ZIB with zinc, ZA-based HGPE, and Ca0.24V2O5 (CVO) as the anode, electrolyte, and cathode materials, respectively, show a stable cyclic performance for 600 cycles at a large current density of 3 C (1 C = 400 mA g-1), in which the capacity retention rate is 88.7%. This research provides a new strategy for promoting the application of the aqueous ZIBs with high performance and environmental benignity.
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Liu C, Hu J, Zhu Y, Yang Y, Li Y, Wu QH. Quasi-Solid-State Polymer Electrolyte Based on Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile/Polysilsesquioxane Composite Nanofiber Membrane for High-Performance Lithium Batteries. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7527. [PMID: 36363119 PMCID: PMC9658625 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Considering the safety problem that is caused by liquid electrolytes and Li dendrites for lithium batteries, a new quasi-solid-state polymer electrolyte technology is presented in this work. A layer of 1,4-phenylene bridged polysilsesquioxane (PSiO) is synthesized by a sol-gel way and coated on the electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber to prepare a PAN@PSiO nanofiber composite membrane, which is then used as a quasi-solid-state electrolyte scaffold as well as separator for lithium batteries (LBs). This composite membrane, consisting of the three-dimensional network architecture of the PAN nanofiber matrix and a mesoporous PSiO coating layer, exhibited a high electrolyte intake level (297 wt%) and excellent mechanical properties. The electrochemical analysis results indicate that the ionic conductivity of the PAN@PSiO-based quasi-solid-state electrolyte membrane is 1.58 × 10-3 S cm-1 at room temperature and the electrochemical stability window reaches 4.8 V. The optimization of the electrode and the composite membrane interface leads the LiFePO4|PAN@PSiO|Li full cell to show superior cycling (capacity of 137.6 mAh g-1 at 0.2 C after 160 cycles) and excellent rate performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiemei Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yonggang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qi-Hui Wu
- Xiamen Key Lab of Marine Corrosion and Smart Protective Materials, College of Marine Equipment and Mechanical Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
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14
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Gao L, Ding Y, He G, Yu G. Bio-Derived and Cost-Effective Membranes with High Selectivity for Redox Flow Batteries Based on Host-Guest Chemistry. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107055. [PMID: 35199473 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) stand out as a promising energy storage system to solve the grid interconnection problems of renewable energy. Membranes play a critical role in regulating the performance of RFBs, and the selectivity is commonly controlled via either size exclusion or Donnan exclusion. Membranes typically account for 40% of the stack cost of RFBs, and it is essential to develop cost-effective membranes with high selectivity to achieve widespread application. Here, a type of membrane composed of highly abundant materials derived in nature, based on a scalable fabrication process, is reported. Moreover, high selectivity is achieved attributed to the host-guest interactions between membranes and redox species, which effectively alleviate the crossover of redox-active molecules. By incorporating starch into a chitosan matrix for zinc-iodine RFBs, the highly selective recognition of starch and chitosan (host) toward triiodide (guest) builds a "wall" to block the triiodide-based active materials, meanwhile, the conducting properties of such a membrane are not compromised. The proof-of-concept battery delivers a Coulombic efficiency of 98.6% and energy efficiency of 77.4% at a current density of 80 mA cm-2 , showing the promise of such a novel and cost-effective membrane design beyond traditional selectivity chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, R&D Center of Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Gaohong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, R&D Center of Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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15
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Raghavan P, Ahn JH, Shelke M. The role of 2D material families in energy harvesting: An editorial overview. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH 2022; 37:3857-3864. [PMID: 36193107 PMCID: PMC9517996 DOI: 10.1557/s43578-022-00721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ever increasing proportion of an energy consuming society and the boost in industrialization accelerated the depletion of fossil fuel based energy sources at an alarming rate. This emphasizes the necessity of sustainable energy generation and storage to meet the daily energy demands. But, these alternative renewable energy sources like solar and wind power are intermittent and highly depend on weather, place and individuals. This creates the inevitability of suitable energy storage devices like batteries and supercapacitors. The interfacing of energy storing devices is required to maintain the supply chain equilibrium, power efficiency, regulate power fluctuations and reduce pollution. Besides, the boom in electric mobility and consumer electronics also require uninterrupted power supply. Hence, in the upcoming years the energy storing devices play a vital role in addressing the energy crisis. Innovations in new materials and technologies will be the core area of research and development in the coming future. 2D materials like graphene,transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), transition metal borides (MBenes) and so on are the new class of materials among them MXenes are getting more attention in energy storage owing to its exceptional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanth Raghavan
- Material Science and NanoEngineering Lab (MSNE-Lab), Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science & Technology, Cochin, 682022 India
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828 Republic of Korea
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, EH9 3JG UK
| | - Jou-Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Manjusha Shelke
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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16
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Marinoiu A, Ion-Ebrasu D, Soare A, Raceanu M. Iodine-Doped Graphene Oxide: Fast Single-Stage Synthesis and Application as Electrocatalyst. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15176174. [PMID: 36079555 PMCID: PMC9457577 DOI: 10.3390/ma15176174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Iodine-doped graphene oxide is attracting great attention as fuel cell (FC) electrocatalysts with a high activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, most of the reported preparation techniques for iodine-doped graphene (I/rGO) could be transposed into practice as multiple step procedures, a significant disadvantage for scale-up applications. Herein, we describe an effective, eco-friendly, and fast technique for synthesis by a microwave-tuned one-stage technique. Structural and morphological characterizations evidenced the obtaining of nanocomposite sheets, with iodine bonded in the graphene matrix. The ORR performance of I/rGO was electrochemically investigated and the enhancement of the cathodic peak was noted. Based on the noteworthy electrochemical properties for ORR activity, the prepared I/rGO can be considered an encouraging alternative for a more economical electrode for fuel cell fabrication and commercialization. In this perspective, the iodine-based catalysts synthesis can be considered a step forward for the metal-free electrocatalysts development for the oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells.
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17
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Meslam M, Elzatahry AA, Youssry M. Promising aqueous dispersions of carbon black for semisolid flow battery application. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Qin Y, Holguin K, Fehlau D, Luo C, Gao T. Exploring carbonyl chemistry in non-aqueous Mg flow batteries. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200587. [PMID: 35994590 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Non-aqueous redox flow batteries (RFBs) are emerging electrochemical technologies for grid energy storage. Non-aqueous Mg RFBs that use Mg metal as the anode are especially promising due to various benefits of the Mg metal anode, including its low potential, high volumetric capacity, SEI-free, highly reversible operation and low cost. Despite the potential, there are rarely any studies on developing non-aqueous Mg RFBs. Herein, a non-aqueous Mg redox flow battery using a polymer catholyte is reported. Through rational molecular engineering, a carbonyl-based moiety is combined with a polyethylene glycol moiety to achieve a polymer with high voltage and high solubility in the ether-based electrolyte. A series of polymers with different polyethylene glycol chain lengths are synthesized and their performances are measured first at the molecular level, and then at the device level in a Mg redox flow battery using a Mg foil as the anode, the polymer solution as the catholyte and a porous membrane as the separator. The flow battery delivers a voltage of 1.8 V, a maximum capacity of 475 mAh/L, and an energy density of 0.855 Wh/L. Systematic mechanistic studies are performed to understand the performance decay mechanism and possible strategies for future improvement are discussed. This work opens a new avenue for the development of energy storage technologies for grid electricity storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Qin
- The University of Utah, Chemical Engineering, UNITED STATES
| | - Kathryn Holguin
- George Mason University, Chemistry and Biochemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Dillon Fehlau
- The University of Utah, Chemical Engineering, UNITED STATES
| | - Chao Luo
- George Mason University, Chemistry and Biochemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Tao Gao
- The University of Utah, Chemical Engineering, 50 S Campus Dr, 84115, Salt Lake City, UNITED STATES
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19
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Kanwade A, Gupta S, Kankane A, Tiwari MK, Srivastava A, Kumar Satrughna JA, Chand Yadav S, Shirage PM. Transition metal oxides as a cathode for indispensable Na-ion batteries. RSC Adv 2022; 12:23284-23310. [PMID: 36090429 PMCID: PMC9382698 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03601k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential requirement to harness well-known renewable energy sources like wind energy, solar energy, etc. as a component of an overall plan to guarantee global power sustainability will require highly efficient, high power and energy density batteries to collect the derived electrical power and balance out variations in both supply and demand. Owing to the continuous exhaustion of fossil fuels, and ever increasing ecological problems associated with global warming, there is a critical requirement for searching for an alternative energy storage technology for a better and sustainable future. Electrochemical energy storage technology could be a solution for a sustainable source of clean energy. Sodium-ion battery (SIB) technology having a complementary energy storage mechanism to the lithium-ion battery (LIB) has been attracting significant attention from the scientific community due to its abundant resources, low cost, and high energy densities. Layered transition metal oxide (TMO) based materials for SIBs could be a potential candidate for SIBs among all other cathode materials. In this paper, we discussed the latest improvement in the various structures of the layered oxide materials for SIBs. Moreover, their synthesis, overall electrochemical performance, and several challenges associated with SIBs are comprehensively discussed with a stance on future possibilities. Many articles discussed the improvement of cathode materials for SIBs, and most of them have pondered the use of Na x MO2 (a class of TMOs) as a possible positive electrode material for SIBs. The different phases of layered TMOs (Na x MO2; TM = Co, Mn, Ti, Ni, Fe, Cr, Al, V, and a combination of multiple elements) show good cycling capacity, structural stability, and Na+ ion conductivity, which make them promising cathode material for SIBs. This review discusses and summarizes the electrochemical redox reaction, structural transformations, significant challenges, and future prospects to improve for Na x MO2. Moreover, this review highlights the recent advancement of several layered TMO cathode materials for SIBs. It is expected that this review will encourage further development of layered TMOs for SIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Kanwade
- Department of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore 453552 India
| | - Sheetal Gupta
- Department of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore 453552 India
| | - Akash Kankane
- Department of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore 453552 India
| | - Manish Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore 453552 India
| | - Abhishek Srivastava
- Department of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore 453552 India
| | | | - Subhash Chand Yadav
- Department of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore 453552 India
| | - Parasharam M Shirage
- Department of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore 453552 India
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20
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Powell D, Whittaker-Brooks L. Concepts and principles of self-n-doping in perylene diimide chromophores for applications in biochemistry, energy harvesting, energy storage, and catalysis. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2026-2052. [PMID: 35670455 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00279e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Self-doping is an essential method of increasing carrier concentrations in organic electronics that eliminates the need to tailor host-dopant miscibility, a necessary step when employing molecular dopants. Self-n-doping can be accomplished using amines or ammonium counterions as an electron source, which are being incorporated into an ever-increasingly diverse range of organic materials spanning many applications. Self-n-doped materials have demonstrated exemplary and, in many cases, benchmark performances in a variety of applications. However, an in-depth review of the method is lacking. Perylene diimide (PDI) chromophores are an important mainstay in the semiconductor literature with well-known structure-function characteristics and are also one of the most widely utilized scaffolds for self-n-doping. In this review, we describe the unique properties of self-n-doped PDIs, delineate structure-function relationships, and discuss self-n-doped PDI performance in a range of applications. In particular, the impact of amine/ammonium incorporation into the PDI scaffold on doping efficiency is reviewed with regard to attachment mode, tether distance, counterion selection, and steric encumbrance. Self-n-doped PDIs are a unique set of PDI structural derivatives whose properties are amenable to a broad range of applications such as biochemistry, solar energy conversion, thermoelectric modules, batteries, and photocatalysis. Finally, we discuss challenges and the future outlook of self-n-doping principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Powell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA.
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21
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Wu TT, Guo S, Li B, Li JY, Zhang HS, Ma PZ, Zhang X, Shen CY, Liu XH, Cao AM. Facile Construction of Nanofilms from a Dip-Coating Process to Enable High-Performance Solid-State Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:32026-32034. [PMID: 35793568 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) instead of those liquid ones has found promising potential to achieve both high energy density and high safety for their applications in the next-generation energy storage devices. Unfortunately, SSEs also bring forth challenges related to solid-to-solid contact, making the stability of the electrode/electrolyte interface a formidable concern. Herein, using a garnet-type Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZT) electrolyte as an example, we demonstrated a facile treatment based on the dip-coating technique, which is highly efficient in modifying the LLZT/Li interface by forming a MgO interlayer. Using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as a coordination polymer, uniform and crack-free nanofilms are fabricated on the LLZT pellet with good control of the morphological parameters. We found that the MgO interlayer was highly effective to reduce the interfacial resistance to 6 Ω cm2 as compared to 1652 Ω cm2 of the unmodified interface. The assembled Li symmetrical cell was able to achieve a high critical current density of 1.2 mA cm-2 at room temperature, and it has a long cycling capability for over 4000 h. Using the commercialized materials of LiFePO4 and LiNi0.83Co0.07Mn0.1O2 as the cathode materials, the full cells based on the LLZT@MgO electrolyte showed excellent cyclability and high rate performance at 25 °C. Our study shows the feasibility of precise and controllable surface modification based on a simple liquid phase method and highlights the essential importance of interface control for the future application of high-performance solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Sijie Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Yang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Shen Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Zhong Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Yu Shen
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xian-Hu Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - An-Min Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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22
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Peng Y, Xu J, Xu J, Ma J, Bai Y, Cao S, Zhang S, Pang H. Metal-organic framework (MOF) composites as promising materials for energy storage applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 307:102732. [PMID: 35870249 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic framework (MOF) composites are considered to be one of the most vital energy storage materials due to their advantages of high porousness, multifunction, various structures and controllable chemical compositions, which provide a great possibility to find suitable electrode materials for batteries and supercapacitors. However, MOF composites are still in the face of various challenges and difficulties that hinder their practical application. In this review, we introduce and summarize the applications of MOF composites in batteries, covering metal-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium-oxygen batteries and zinc-air batteries, as well as supercapacitors. In addition, the application challenges of MOF composites in batteries and supercapacitors are also summarized. Finally, the basic ideas and directions for further development of these two types of electrochemical energy storage devices are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Jinming Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Yang Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Shuai Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Songtao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China.
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23
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Polyimide hybrid membranes with graphene oxide for lithium–sulfur battery separator applications. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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24
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Abstract
Redox flow batteries are a critical technology for large-scale energy storage, offering the promising characteristics of high scalability, design flexibility and decoupled energy and power. In recent years, they have attracted extensive research interest, with significant advances in relevant materials chemistry, performance metrics and characterization. The emerging concepts of hybrid battery design, redox-targeting strategy, photoelectrode integration and organic redox-active materials present new chemistries for cost-effective and sustainable energy storage systems. This Review summarizes the recent development of next-generation redox flow batteries, providing a critical overview of the emerging redox chemistries of active materials from inorganics to organics. We discuss electrochemical characterizations and critical performance assessment considering the intrinsic properties of the active materials and the mechanisms that lead to degradation of energy storage capacity. In particular, we highlight the importance of advanced spectroscopic analysis and computational studies in enabling understanding of relevant mechanisms. We also outline the technical requirements for rational design of innovative materials and electrolytes to stimulate more exciting research and present the prospect of this field from aspects of both fundamental science and practical applications.
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25
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Lu X, Hansen EJ, He G, Liu J. Eutectic Electrolytes Chemistry for Rechargeable Zn Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200550. [PMID: 35289487 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable zinc batteries (RZBs) have proved to be promising candidates as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to their low cost, inherent safety, and environmentally benign features. While designing cost-effective electrolyte systems with excellent compatibility with electrode materials, high energy/power density as well as long life-span challenge their further application as grid-scale energy storage devices. Eutectic electrolytes as a novel class of electrolytes have been extensively reported and explored taking advantage of their feasible preparation and high tunability. Recently, some perspectives have summarized the development and application of eutectic electrolytes in metal-based batteries, but their infancy requires further attention and discussion. This review systematically presents the fundamentals and definitions of eutectic electrolytes. Besides, a specific classification of eutectic electrolytes and their recent progress and performance on RZB fields are introduced as well. Significantly, the impacts of various composing eutectic systems are disserted for critical RZB chemistries including attractive features at electrolyte/electrode interfaces and ions/charges transport kinetics. The remaining challenges and proposed perspectives are ultimately induced, which deliver opportunities and offer practical guidance for the novel design of advanced eutectic electrolytes for superior RZB scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Lu
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Evan J Hansen
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Guanjie He
- Christopher Ingold Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
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26
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Liu Y, Dai G, Chen Y, Wang R, Li H, Shi X, Zhang X, Xu Y, Zhao Y. Effective Design Strategy of Small Bipolar Molecules through Fused Conjugation toward 2.5 V Based Redox Flow Batteries. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2022; 7:1274-1283. [PMID: 35572819 PMCID: PMC9097584 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Using bipolar redox-active molecules (BRMs) as active materials is a practical way to address electrolyte crossover and resultant unpredictable side reactions in redox-flow batteries. However, the development of BRMs is greatly hindered by difficulties in finding new molecules from limited redox-active moieties and in achieving high cell voltage to compete with existing flow battery chemistries. This study proposes a strategy for design of high-voltage BRMs using fused conjugation that regulates the redox potential of integrated redox-active moieties. As a demonstration, quaternary N and ketone redox moieties are used to construct a new BRM that shows a prominent voltage gap with good electrochemical stability. A symmetrical redox-flow cell based on this molecule exhibits a high voltage of 2.5 V and decent cycling stability. This study provides a general strategy for designing new BRMs that may enrich the cell chemistries of organic redox-flow batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s
Republic of China
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Gaole Dai
- College
of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Ru Wang
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Huamei Li
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xueliang Shi
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East
China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Yu Zhao
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s
Republic of China
- College
of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People’s Republic of China
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27
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Liu W, Liu P, Lyu Y, Wen J, Hao R, Zheng J, Liu K, Li YJ, Wang S. Advanced Zn-I 2 Battery with Excellent Cycling Stability and Good Rate Performance by a Multifunctional Iodine Host. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:8955-8962. [PMID: 35147408 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rechargeable zinc-iodine (Zn-I2) battery is a promising energy-storage system due to its low cost and good security, but the practical use of the battery is largely constrained by the shuttle effect and high dissolvability of iodides. Here a multifunctional iodine host, constructed with nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanocages (NCCs) by the polymerization carbonization activation method, is exploited to improve the electrochemical performance and lifespan of the Zn-I2 battery, achieving a high specific capacity of 259 mAh g-1, a good rate performance (maintaining 50.6% expanding 50 times), and a high cycle stability (retention of 100% after 1000 cycles). On the basis of the experimental results and theoretical calculations, NCCs via the introduction of N doping and nanosized porous structure can simultaneously provide rich and robust anchoring and catalytic sites to carry out the electrostatic adsorption of iodides and facilitate the reversible conversion between iodine and iodides. This work shows a novel and efficient strategy to develop high-performance and long-life Zn-I2 batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Penggao Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P R China
| | - Yanhong Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
- Department of Educational Science, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Jie Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Rui Hao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P R China
| | - Jianyun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Kaiyu Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P R China
| | - Yong-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
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28
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Li W, Gao J, Tian H, Li X, He S, Li J, Wang W, Li L, Li H, Qiu J, Zhou W. SnF
2
‐Catalyzed Formation of Polymerized Dioxolane as Solid Electrolyte and its Thermal Decomposition Behavior. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Jian Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Huayang Tian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Shuang He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Junpeng Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Lin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jieshan Qiu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Weidong Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
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29
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Tang J, Wang L, Tian C, Chen C, Huang T, Zeng L, Yu A. Double-Protected Layers with Solid-Liquid Hybrid Electrolytes for Long-Cycle-Life Lithium Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:4170-4178. [PMID: 35029962 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with liquid electrolytes (LEs) have problems such as electrolyte leakage, low safety profiles, and low energy density, which limit their further development. However, LIBs with solid electrolytes are safer with better energy and high-temperature performance. Thus, solid electrolyte system batteries have attracted widespread attention. However, due to the inherent rigidity of the LATP solid electrolyte, there is a high interface impedance at the LATP/electrode. In addition, the Ti element in LATP easily reacts with the Li metal. Here, we dripped an LE at the LATP/electrode interface (solid-liquid hybrid electrolytes) to reduce its interface impedance. A composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) protective film (containing PVDF, SN, and LiTFSI) was then cured in situ at the LATP/Li interface to avoid side reactions of LATP. The discharge specific capacity of the LiFePO4/LATP-12% LE-CPE/Li system is up to 150 mAh g-1, and the capacity retention rate is still 96% after 250 cycles. In addition, the NCM622/PVDF-LATP-12% LE/Li system has an initial reversible capacity of 170 mAh g-1. This study reports an approach that can protect solid electrolytes from lithium metal instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Leidanyang Wang
- Shanghai Electric Group Co., Ltd., Central Academe, No. 960 Zhongxing Road, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Changhao Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chunguang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lecai Zeng
- Shanghai Electric Group Co., Ltd., Central Academe, No. 960 Zhongxing Road, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Aishui Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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30
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Jiang M, Fu C, Meng P, Ren J, Wang J, Bu J, Dong A, Zhang J, Xiao W, Sun B. Challenges and Strategies of Low-Cost Aluminum Anodes for High-Performance Al-Based Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2102026. [PMID: 34668245 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ever-growing market of electric vehicles and the upcoming grid-scale storage systems have stimulated the fast growth of renewable energy storage technologies. Aluminum-based batteries are considered one of the most promising alternatives to complement or possibly replace the current lithium-ion batteries owing to their high specific capacity, good safety, low cost, light weight, and abundant reserves of Al. However, the anode problems in primary and secondary Al batteries, such as, self-corrosion, passive film, and volume expansion, severely limit the batteries' practical performance, thus hindering their commercialization. Herein, an overview of the currently emerged Al-based batteries is provided, that primarily focus on the recent research progress for Al anodes in both primary and rechargeable systems. The anode reaction mechanisms and problems in various Al-based batteries are discussed, and various strategies to overcome the challenges of Al anodes, including surface oxidation, self-corrosion, volume expansion, and dendrite growth, are systematically summarized. Finally, future research perspectives toward advanced Al batteries with higher performance and better safety are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chaopeng Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Pengyu Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jianming Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Junfu Bu
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Anping Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Baode Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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31
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Li W, Gao J, Tian H, Li X, He S, Li J, Wang W, Li L, Li H, Qiu J, Zhou W. SnF 2 -Catalyzed Formation of Polymerized Dioxolane as Solid Electrolyte and its Thermal Decomposition Behavior. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114805. [PMID: 34846084 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Polymerized-dioxolane(P-DOL) is of potential as a solid-polymer-electrolyte(SPE) due to its high Li+ -conductivity, good compatibility with Li-metal and desired preparation method of in situ polymerization in cells. In this study, SnF2 was demonstrated not only to be an efficient catalyst for the polymerization of DOL at room temperature, but also an effective additive for improving interfacial wettability and suppressing dendrite through the reaction with Li-metal and the formation of LiF/Lix Sn based composite solid electrolyte interlayer(SEI). Using the SnF2 polymerized P-DOL containing 1 M LiTFSI as SPE(P-DOL-SPE), obviously denser Li-deposition was obtained, and the all-solid-state(ASS) Li/LiFePO4 cell delivered stable cycling over 350 cycles at 45 °C. At the same time, the irreversible decomposition of P-DOL-SPE into formaldehyde and small molecule epoxides are observed at 110 °C, which is even initiated at lower temperature of 40 °C under vacuum. This thermal decomposition of P-DOL-SPE in pouch cell causes huge volume swell, and therefore putting a strict limitation on the operating temperature window for the P-DOL based electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huayang Tian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shuang He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Junpeng Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jieshan Qiu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Weidong Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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32
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A Chemistry and Microstructure Perspective on Ion‐Conducting Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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33
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Lu M, Cao Y, Xue Y, Qiu W. Preparation of Graphene Oxide/La 2Ti 2O 7 Composites with Enhanced Electrochemical Performances for Supercapacitors. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27994-28003. [PMID: 34722999 PMCID: PMC8552325 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of graphene oxide (GO)/lanthanum titanate (La2Ti2O7, LTO) fiber composites were prepared through a hydrothermal method. The LTO fibers were homogeneously dispersed between the GO sheets. The structure and micromorphology of the GO/LTO composites were systematically studied. The composite exhibited a high specific capacitance of 900.6 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1 in the 1 M H2SO4 and 10 wt % sucrose aqueous solution as the electrolyte. With the extended potential window of 1.8 V, the fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor device delivered a maximum energy density of 94.0 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 750.1 W kg-1. The GO/LTO composites could be promising materials for energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munan Lu
- South
China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School
of Molecular Science and Engineering, South
China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yi Cao
- China-Ukraine
Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Materials Joining and Advanced Manufacturing,
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding Technology,
China-Ukraine Institute of Welding, Guangdong
Academy of Sciences, 363 Changxing Road, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yufeng Xue
- South
China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School
of Molecular Science and Engineering, South
China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenfeng Qiu
- South
China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School
of Molecular Science and Engineering, South
China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials
and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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34
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Liu W, Qiu B, Yan J, He C, Zhang P, Mi H. An aqueous polyethylene oxide-based solid-state electrolyte with high voltage stability for dendrite-free lithium deposition via a self-healing electrostatic shield. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14296-14302. [PMID: 34554175 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02504j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) have attracted extensive attention for their ultrahigh energy density. However, the uncontrollable growth of Li-dendrites results in poor cyclability and potential safety risks, thus preventing their practical application. Herein, a flexible and cost-effective aqueous polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based solid-state electrolyte is prepared, which enables uniform and dendrite-free Li deposition by introducing Cs+ with an electrostatic shielding mechanism at high current densities. The self-assembly of PEO and bacterial cellulose by hydrogen bonding reduces the crystallinity of PEO and increases uniformly the distribution of lithium ions. With excellent flexibility and thermal stability, such a 3D polymer solid-state electrolyte exhibits an enhanced electrochemical stability window of 5.8 V versus Li/Li+ potential and a high ionic conductivity of 1.28 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 60 °C. The Li|BC-PEO-Cs+|Li symmetric cells operate stably for more than 1000 h. Furthermore, Li|BC-PEO-Cs+|LiFePO4 (LFP) cells show remarkable enhancement in capacity (163.4 mA h g-1 at 0.1 C), cycling stability (with a capacity retention of 96% after 500 cycles at 1 C) and high functionality and safety (withstanding folding and cutting) in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China.
| | - Bin Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China.
| | - Jiawei Yan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China.
| | - Chuanxin He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China. .,Guangdong Flexible Wearable Energy and Tools Engineering Technology Research Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Peixin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China. .,Guangdong Flexible Wearable Energy and Tools Engineering Technology Research Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Hongwei Mi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China. .,Guangdong Flexible Wearable Energy and Tools Engineering Technology Research Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
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35
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Fakharuddin A, Li H, Di Giacomo F, Zhang T, Gasparini N, Elezzabi AY, Mohanty A, Ramadoss A, Ling J, Soultati A, Tountas M, Schmidt‐Mende L, Argitis P, Jose R, Nazeeruddin MK, Mohd Yusoff ARB, Vasilopoulou M. Fiber‐Shaped Electronic Devices. ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS 2021; 11. [DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202101443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
AbstractTextile electronics embedded in clothing represent an exciting new frontier for modern healthcare and communication systems. Fundamental to the development of these textile electronics is the development of the fibers forming the cloths into electronic devices. An electronic fiber must undergo diverse scrutiny for its selection for a multifunctional textile, viz., from the material selection to the device architecture, from the wearability to mechanical stresses, and from the environmental compatibility to the end‐use management. Herein, the performance requirements of fiber‐shaped electronics are reviewed considering the characteristics of single electronic fibers and their assemblies in smart clothing. Broadly, this article includes i) processing strategies of electronic fibers with required properties from precursor to material, ii) the state‐of‐art of current fiber‐shaped electronics emphasizing light‐emitting devices, solar cells, sensors, nanogenerators, supercapacitors storage, and chromatic devices, iii) mechanisms involved in the operation of the above devices, iv) limitations of the current materials and device manufacturing techniques to achieve the target performance, and v) the knowledge gap that must be minimized prior to their deployment. Lessons learned from this review with regard to the challenges and prospects for developing fiber‐shaped electronic components are presented as directions for future research on wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haizeng Li
- Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinarity Science Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China
| | - Francesco Di Giacomo
- Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy (CHOSE) Department of Electronic Engineering University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome 00133 Italy
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics Imperial College London London W120BZ UK
| | - Nicola Gasparini
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics Imperial College London London W120BZ UK
| | - Abdulhakem Y. Elezzabi
- Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada
| | - Ankita Mohanty
- School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology Bhubaneswar Odisha 751024 India
| | - Ananthakumar Ramadoss
- School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology Bhubaneswar Odisha 751024 India
| | - JinKiong Ling
- Nanostructured Renewable Energy Material Laboratory Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Darul Makmur Kuantan 26300 Malaysia
| | - Anastasia Soultati
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos Agia Paraskevi Attica 15341 Greece
| | - Marinos Tountas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean University Estavromenos Heraklion Crete GR‐71410 Greece
| | | | - Panagiotis Argitis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos Agia Paraskevi Attica 15341 Greece
| | - Rajan Jose
- Nanostructured Renewable Energy Material Laboratory Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Darul Makmur Kuantan 26300 Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Rue de l'Industrie 17 Sion CH‐1951 Switzerland
| | - Abd Rashid Bin Mohd Yusoff
- Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Maria Vasilopoulou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos Agia Paraskevi Attica 15341 Greece
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36
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Synergistic Catalysis of SnO 2/Reduced Graphene Oxide for VO 2+/VO 2+ and V 2+/V 3+ Redox Reactions. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165085. [PMID: 34443673 PMCID: PMC8401850 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of their low cost, high activity, and diversity, metal oxide catalysts have not been widely applied in vanadium redox reactions due to their poor conductivity and low surface area. Herein, SnO2/reduced graphene oxide (SnO2/rGO) composite was prepared by a sol–gel method followed by high-temperature carbonization. SnO2/rGO shows better electrochemical catalysis for both redox reactions of VO2+/VO2+ and V2+/V3+ couples as compared to SnO2 and graphene oxide. This is attributed to the fact that reduced graphene oxide is employed as carbon support featuring excellent conductivity and a large surface area, which offers fast electron transfer and a large reaction place towards vanadium redox reaction. Moreover, SnO2 has excellent electrochemical activity and wettability, which also boost the electrochemical kinetics of redox reaction. In brief, the electrochemical properties for vanadium redox reactions are boosted in terms of diffusion, charge transfer, and electron transport processes systematically. Next, SnO2/rGO can increase the energy storage performance of cells, including higher discharge electrolyte utilization and lower electrochemical polarization. At 150 mA cm−2, the energy efficiency of a modified cell is 69.8%, which is increased by 5.7% compared with a pristine one. This work provides a promising method to develop composite catalysts of carbon materials and metal oxide for vanadium redox reactions.
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37
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Yan Y, Robinson SG, Vaid TP, Sigman MS, Sanford MS. Simultaneously Enhancing the Redox Potential and Stability of Multi-Redox Organic Catholytes by Incorporating Cyclopropenium Substituents. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13450-13459. [PMID: 34387084 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
High redox potential, two-electron organic catholytes for nonaqueous redox flow batteries were developed by appending diaminocyclopropenium (DAC) substituents to phenazine and phenothiazine cores. The parent heterocycles exhibit two partially reversible oxidations at moderate potentials [both at lower than 0.7 V vs ferrocene/ferrocenium (Fc/Fc+)]. The incorporation of DAC substituents has a dual effect on these systems. The DAC groups increase the redox potential of both couples by ∼300 mV while simultaneously rendering the second oxidation (which occurs at 1.20 V vs Fc/Fc+ in the phenothiazine derivative) reversible. The electron-withdrawing nature of the DAC unit is responsible for the increase in redox potential, while the DAC substituents stabilize oxidized forms of the molecules through resonance delocalization of charge and unpaired spin density. These new catholytes were deployed in two-electron redox flow batteries that exhibit voltages of up to 2.0 V and no detectable crossover over 250 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Sophia G Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States.,Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Thomas P Vaid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Matthew S Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States.,Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Melanie S Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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38
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Yuan S, Kong T, Zhang Y, Dong P, Zhang Y, Dong X, Wang Y, Xia Y. Advanced Electrolyte Design for High‐Energy‐Density Li‐Metal Batteries under Practical Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shouyi Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 P. R. China
| | - Taoyi Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Yiyong Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 P. R. China
| | - Peng Dong
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Yongyao Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
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39
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Review of Bipolar Plate in Redox Flow Batteries: Materials, Structures, and Manufacturing. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-021-00108-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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40
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Yuan S, Kong T, Zhang Y, Dong P, Zhang Y, Dong X, Wang Y, Xia Y. Advanced Electrolyte Design for High-Energy-Density Li-Metal Batteries under Practical Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25624-25638. [PMID: 34331727 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Given the limitations inherent in current intercalation-based Li-ion batteries, much research attention has focused on potential successors to Li-ion batteries such as lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries and lithium-oxygen (Li-O2 ) batteries. In order to realize the potential of these batteries, the use of metallic lithium as the anode is essential. However, there are severe safety hazards associated with the growth of Li dendrites, and the formation of "dead Li" during cycles leads to the inevitable loss of active Li, which in the end is undoubtedly detrimental to the actual energy density of Li-metal batteries. For Li-metal batteries under practical conditions, a low negative/positive ratio (N/P ratio), a electrolyte/cathode ratio (E/C ratio) along with a high-voltage cathode is prerequisite. In this Review, we summarize the development of new electrolyte systems for Li-metal batteries under practical conditions, revisit the design criteria of advanced electrolytes for practical Li-metal batteries and provide perspectives on future development of electrolytes for practical Li-metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyi Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.,National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Taoyi Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yiyong Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Peng Dong
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yongyao Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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41
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Schrage BR, Zhang B, Petrochko SC, Zhao Z, Frkonja-Kuczin A, Boika A, Ziegler CJ. Highly Soluble Imidazolium Ferrocene Bis(sulfonate) Salts for Redox Flow Battery Applications. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:10764-10771. [PMID: 34210136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are scalable devices that employ solution-based redox active components for scalable energy storage. To maximize energy density, new highly soluble catholytes and anolytes need to be synthesized and evaluated for their electrochemical performance. To that end, we synthesized a series of imidazolium ferrocene bis(sulfonate) salts as highly soluble catholytes for RFB applications. Six salts with differing alkyl chain lengths on the imidazolium cation were synthesized, characterized, and electrochemically analyzed. While aqueous solubility was significantly improved, the reactivity of the imidazolium cation and the increased viscosities of the salt solutions in water (which increase with increasing imidazolium chain length) limit the applicability of these materials to RFB design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana R Schrage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44312-3601, United States
| | - Baosen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44312-3601, United States
| | - Stephen C Petrochko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44312-3601, United States
| | - Zhiling Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44312-3601, United States
| | | | - Aliaksei Boika
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44312-3601, United States
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42
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Chen M, Liu L, Zhang P, Chen H. A low-cost and high-loading viologen-based organic electrode for rechargeable lithium batteries. RSC Adv 2021; 11:24429-24435. [PMID: 35479055 PMCID: PMC9036681 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03068j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic active materials are regarded as a very promising choice for lithium batteries because of several outstanding advantages such as low-cost, flexible tunability and pollution-free sources. Viologen compounds are attractive two-electron storage materials with low redox potentials, which are mainly used as anolytes in redox flow batteries (RFBs) considering their high solubility in electrolytes. However, due to their relatively large molecular weight and low density, it is difficult to prepare high-loading and stable-cycling electrodes for lithium battery application. In this research, by adopting 4,4'-bipyridine as the raw material and combining salification with a high-energy ball milling method, a low-solubility and high-stability viologen carbon-coated composite, ethyl viologen dihexafluorophosphate-Ketjen black (EV-KB), is synthesized. Then, by optimizing the electrode preparation process, a high-loading viologen-based electrode is successfully prepared. Salification effectively reduces the solubility of viologen compounds in the electrolyte so that the EV-KB composite can be used in lithium batteries. At the same time, it is pointed out that current collectors and slurry solvents play an important role in achieving the high-loading electrode. By deliberately selecting carbon paper as the current collector and ethanol as the solvent, the EV-KB composite organic electrode with a loading up to 1.5-9 mg cm-2 can achieve a specific capacity of 106-79 mA h g-1 for 400 stable cycles with a coulombic efficiency of 96% as well as a good rate capability. The synthesis method and electrode preparation optimization process introduced in this paper provide a reference for other types of organic active materials to be used in high-loading lithium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Chen
- Chemical Hybrid Energy Novel Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 PR China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu 241000 China
| | - Peiyao Zhang
- Chemical Hybrid Energy Novel Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 PR China
| | - Hongning Chen
- Chemical Hybrid Energy Novel Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 PR China
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43
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Sharma S, Rathod S, Prakash Yadav S, Chakraborty A, Shukla AK, Aetukuri N, Patil S. Electrochemical Evaluation of Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries. Chemistry 2021; 27:12172-12180. [PMID: 34041796 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) employing nonaqueous electrolytes could potentially operate at much higher cell voltages, and therefore afford higher energy and power densities, than RFBs employing aqueous electrolytes. The development of such high-voltage nonaqueous RFBs requires anolytes that are electrochemically stable, especially in the presence of traces of oxygen and/or moisture. The inherent atmospheric reactivity of anolytes mandates judicious molecular design with high electron affinity and electrochemical stability. In this study, diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based TDPP-Hex-CN4 is proposed as a stable redox-active molecule for anolytes in nonaqueous organic RFBs. We demonstrate organic RFBs using TDPP-Hex-CN4 as anolyte with unisol blue (UB) 1,4-bis(isopropylamino)anthraquinone and 1,4-di-tert-butyl-2,5-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)benzene (DBBB) as catholytes. Cyclic voltammetry measurements with scans repeated over 200 cycles were performed to establish the electrochemical stability of the redox pairs. Symmetric flow-cell studies show that TDPP-Hex-CN4 exhibits stable capacity up to 700 cycles. Redox flow cells employing TDPP-Hex-CN4 /UB and TDPP-Hex-CN4 /DBBB as redox pairs demonstrate that DPP derivatives are propitious materials for anolytes in all organic nonaqueous RFBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Sharma
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Suman Rathod
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Satya Prakash Yadav
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Arunavo Chakraborty
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Ashok K Shukla
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Nagaphani Aetukuri
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Satish Patil
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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44
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Nolte O, Volodin IA, Stolze C, Hager MD, Schubert US. Trust is good, control is better: a review on monitoring and characterization techniques for flow battery electrolytes. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:1866-1925. [PMID: 34846470 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01632b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Flow batteries (FBs) currently are one of the most promising large-scale energy storage technologies for energy grids with a large share of renewable electricity generation. Among the main technological challenges for the economic operation of a large-scale battery technology is its calendar lifetime, which ideally has to cover a few decades without significant loss of performance. This requirement can only be met if the key parameters representing the performance losses of the system are continuously monitored and optimized during the operation. Nearly all performance parameters of a FB are related to the two electrolytes as the electrochemical storage media and we therefore focus on them in this review. We first survey the literature on the available characterization methods for the key FB electrolyte parameters. Based on these, we comprehensively review the currently available approaches for assessing the most important electrolyte state variables: the state-of-charge (SOC) and the state-of-health (SOH). We furthermore discuss how monitoring and operation strategies are commonly implemented as online tools to optimize the electrolyte performance and recover lost battery capacity as well as how their automation is realized via battery management systems (BMSs). Our key findings on the current state of this research field are finally highlighted and the potential for further progress is identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Nolte
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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45
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Xiong P, Zhang L, Chen Y, Peng S, Yu G. A Chemistry and Microstructure Perspective on Ion-Conducting Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24770-24798. [PMID: 34165884 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are among the most promising grid-scale energy storage technologies. However, the development of RFBs with high round-trip efficiency, high rate capability, and long cycle life for practical applications is highly restricted by the lack of appropriate ion-conducting membranes. Promising RFB membranes should separate positive and negative species completely and conduct balancing ions smoothly. Specific systems must meet additional requirements, such as high chemical stability in corrosive electrolytes, good resistance to organic solvents in nonaqueous systems, and excellent mechanical strength and flexibility. These rigorous requirements put high demands on the membrane design, essentially the chemistry and microstructure associated with ion transport channels. In this Review, we summarize the design rationale of recently reported RFB membranes at the molecular level, with an emphasis on new chemistry, novel microstructures, and innovative fabrication strategies. Future challenges and potential research opportunities within this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineer Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Leyuan Zhang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Yuyue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineer Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Sangshan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineer Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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46
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Liu X, Song X, Guo Z, Bian T, Zhang J, Zhao Y. Biphasic Electrolyte Inhibiting the Shuttle Effect of Redox Molecules in Lithium‐Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Song
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Guo
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Tengfei Bian
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
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47
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Liu X, Song X, Guo Z, Bian T, Zhang J, Zhao Y. Biphasic Electrolyte Inhibiting the Shuttle Effect of Redox Molecules in Lithium-Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16360-16365. [PMID: 34019317 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Redox molecules (RMs) as electron carriers have been widely used in electrochemical energy-storage devices (ESDs), such as lithium redox flow batteries and lithium-O2 batteries. Unfortunately, migration of RMs to the lithium (Li) anode leads to side reactions, resulting in reduced coulombic efficiency and early cell death. Our proof-of-concept study utilizes a biphasic organic electrolyte to resolve this issue, in which nonafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrohexyl-trimethoxysilane (NFTOS) and ether (or sulfone) with lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (LiTFSI) can be separated to form the immiscible anolyte and catholyte. RMs are extracted to the catholyte due to the enormous solubility coefficients in the biphasic electrolytes with high and low polarity, resulting in inhibition of the shuttle effect. When coupled with a lithium anode, the Li-Li symmetric, Li redox flow and Li-O2 batteries can achieve considerably prolonged cycle life with biphasic electrolytes. This concept provides a promising strategy to suppress the shuttle effect of RMs in ESDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Song
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Guo
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Tengfei Bian
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
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48
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Bellani S, Najafi L, Prato M, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Martín-García B, Gagliani L, Mantero E, Marasco L, Bianca G, Zappia MI, Demirci C, Olivotto S, Mariucci G, Pellegrini V, Schiavetti M, Bonaccorso F. Graphene-Based Electrodes in a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Produced by Rapid Low-Pressure Combined Gas Plasma Treatments. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021; 33:4106-4121. [PMID: 34267420 PMCID: PMC8274967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-power density vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) with high energy efficiencies (EEs) is crucial for the widespread dissemination of this energy storage technology. In this work, we report the production of novel hierarchical carbonaceous nanomaterials for VRFB electrodes with high catalytic activity toward the vanadium redox reactions (VO2+/VO2 + and V2+/V3+). The electrode materials are produced through a rapid (minute timescale) low-pressure combined gas plasma treatment of graphite felts (GFs) in an inductively coupled radio frequency reactor. By systematically studying the effects of either pure gases (O2 and N2) or their combination at different gas plasma pressures, the electrodes are optimized to reduce their kinetic polarization for the VRFB redox reactions. To further enhance the catalytic surface area of the electrodes, single-/few-layer graphene, produced by highly scalable wet-jet milling exfoliation of graphite, is incorporated into the GFs through an infiltration method in the presence of a polymeric binder. Depending on the thickness of the proton-exchange membrane (Nafion 115 or Nafion XL), our optimized VRFB configurations can efficiently operate within a wide range of charge/discharge current densities, exhibiting energy efficiencies up to 93.9%, 90.8%, 88.3%, 85.6%, 77.6%, and 69.5% at 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, and 300 mA cm-2, respectively. Our technology is cost-competitive when compared to commercial ones (additional electrode costs < 100 € m-2) and shows EEs rivalling the record-high values reported for efficient systems to date. Our work remarks on the importance to study modified plasma conditions or plasma methods alternative to those reported previously (e.g., atmospheric plasmas) to improve further the electrode performances of the current VRFB systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Bellani
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- (S.B.)
| | - Leyla Najafi
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Materials
Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Reinier Oropesa-Nuñez
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala
University, Box 534, 751
03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- CIC nanoGUNE, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque, Spain
| | - Luca Gagliani
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Elisa Mantero
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Marasco
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bianca
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marilena I. Zappia
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Physics, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci cubo 31/C, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Cansunur Demirci
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
- NanoChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Olivotto
- Wind
Technology Innovation, Enel Global Power
Generation, https://www.enel.com/
| | - Giacomo Mariucci
- Storage
and New Business Design, Engineering & Construction, Enel Green Power S.p.A., https://www.enel.com/
| | - Vittorio Pellegrini
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Massimo Schiavetti
- Thermal &
Industry 4.0 Innovation, Enel Global Power
Generation, https://www.enel.com/
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- (F.B.)
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49
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Zhang L, Yu G. Hybrid Electrolyte Engineering Enables Safe and Wide‐Temperature Redox Flow Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15028-15035. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leyuan Zhang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA
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50
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Zhang L, Yu G. Hybrid Electrolyte Engineering Enables Safe and Wide‐Temperature Redox Flow Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leyuan Zhang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA
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