1
|
Filipek K, Otulakowski Ł, Jelonek K, Utrata-Wesołek A. Degradable Nanogels Based on Poly[Oligo(Ethylene Glycol) Methacrylate] (POEGMA) Derivatives through Thermo-Induced Aggregation of Polymer Chain and Subsequent Chemical Crosslinking. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1163. [PMID: 38675081 PMCID: PMC11054481 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymer nanogels-considered as nanoscale hydrogel particles-are attractive for biological and biomedical applications due to their unique physicochemical flexibility. However, the aggregation or accumulation of nanoparticles in the body or the occurrence of the body's defense reactions still pose a research challenge. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of degradable nanogels using thermoresponsive, cytocompatible poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate]s-based copolymers (POEGMA). The combination of POEGMA's beneficial properties (switchable affinity to water, nontoxicity, non-immunogenicity) along with the possibility of nanogel degradation constitute an important approach from a biological point of view. The copolymers of oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylates were partially modified with short segments of degradable oligo(lactic acid) (OLA) terminated with the acrylate group. Under the influence of temperature, copolymers formed self-assembled nanoparticles, so-called mesoglobules, with sizes of 140-1000 nm. The thermoresponsive behavior of the obtained copolymers and the nanostructure sizes depended on the heating rate and the presence of salts in the aqueous media. The obtained mesoglobules were stabilized by chemical crosslinking via thiol-acrylate Michael addition, leading to nanogels that degraded over time in water, as indicated by the DLS, cryo-TEM, and AFM measurements. Combining these findings with the lack of toxicity of the obtained systems towards human fibroblasts indicates their application potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alicja Utrata-Wesołek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Giuffrida SG, Forysiak W, Cwynar P, Szweda R. Shaping Macromolecules for Sensing Applications—From Polymer Hydrogels to Foldamers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030580. [PMID: 35160568 PMCID: PMC8840496 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensors are tools for detecting, recognizing, and recording signals from the surrounding environment. They provide measurable information on chemical or physical changes, and thus are widely used in diagnosis, environment monitoring, food quality checks, or process control. Polymers are versatile materials that find a broad range of applications in sensory devices for the biomedical sector and beyond. Sensory materials are expected to exhibit a measurable change of properties in the presence of an analyte or a stimulus, characterized by high sensitivity and selectivity of the signal. Signal parameters can be tuned by material features connected with the restriction of macromolecule shape by crosslinking or folding. Gels are crosslinked, three-dimensional networks that can form cavities of different sizes and forms, which can be adapted to trap particular analytes. A higher level of structural control can be achieved by foldamers, which are macromolecules that can attain well-defined conformation in solution. By increasing control over the three-dimensional structure, we can improve the selectivity of polymer materials, which is one of the crucial requirements for sensors. Here, we discuss various examples of polymer gels and foldamer-based sensor systems. We have classified and described applied polymer materials and used sensing techniques. Finally, we deliberated the necessity and potential of further exploration of the field towards the increased selectivity of sensory devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Giuseppe Giuffrida
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland; (S.G.G.); (W.F.); (P.C.)
| | - Weronika Forysiak
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland; (S.G.G.); (W.F.); (P.C.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Pawel Cwynar
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland; (S.G.G.); (W.F.); (P.C.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Roza Szweda
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland; (S.G.G.); (W.F.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Polo Fonseca L, Felisberti MI. Thermo- and UV-responsive amphiphilic nanogels via reversible [4+4] photocycloaddition of PEG/PCL-based polyurethane dispersions. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
4
|
Oleszko-Torbus N, Mendrek B, Kowalczuk A, Wałach W, Trzebicka B, Utrata-Wesołek A. The Role of Polymer Structure in Formation of Various Nano- and Microstructural Materials: 30 Years of Research in the Laboratory of Nano- and Microstructural Materials at the Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials PAS. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2892. [PMID: 34502932 PMCID: PMC8434041 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The review summarizes the research carried out in the Laboratory of Nano- and Microstructural Materials at the Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences (CMPW PAS). Studies carried out for many years under the guidance of Professor Andrzej Dworak led to the development and exploration of the mechanisms of oxirane and cyclic imine polymerization and controlled radical polymerization of methacrylate monomers. Based on that knowledge, within the last three decades, macromolecules with the desired composition, molar mass and topology were obtained and investigated. The ability to control the structure of the synthesized polymers turned out to be important, as it provided a way to tailor the physiochemical properties of the materials to their specific uses. Many linear polymers and copolymers as well as macromolecules with branched, star, dendritic and hyperbranched architectures were synthesized. Thanks to the applied controlled polymerization techniques, it was possible to obtain hydrophilic, hydrophobic, amphiphilic and stimulus-sensitive polymers. These tailor-made polymers with controlled properties were used for the construction of various types of materials, primarily on the micro- and nanoscales, with a wide range of possible applications, mainly in biomedicine. The diverse topology of polymers, and thus their properties, made it possible to obtain various types of polymeric nanostructures and use them as nanocarriers by encapsulation of biologically active substances. Additionally, polymer layers were obtained with features useful in medicine, particularly regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.O.-T.); (B.M.); (A.K.); (W.W.)
| | - Alicja Utrata-Wesołek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.O.-T.); (B.M.); (A.K.); (W.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thermoresponsive Nanogels of Modified Poly((di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate)- co-(2-aminoethyl methacrylate))s. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12081645. [PMID: 32722035 PMCID: PMC7463910 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of copolymers of di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (D) and 2-aminoethyl methacrylate (A) (P(D-co-A)) with variable ratios of comonomers were synthesized using atom transfer radical polymerization. Then, the amino groups of obtained copolymers were modified to clickable azide or prop-2-yn-1-yl carbamate groups. A thermoresponsive copolymers were obtained with the value of cloud point temperature (TCP) dependent on the type and number of functional groups in the copolymer and on the concentration of solutions. For P(D-co-A) copolymers, the TCP increased with increasing content of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate comonomer. The presence of azide and prop-2-yn-1-yl carbamate groups caused the changes of TCP of modified copolymers. All studied copolymers in dilute aqueous solutions aggregated above TCP to nanoparticles with sizes dependent on the solution concentration, heating procedures, and types and numbers of functional groups present in a copolymer chain. The presence of hydrophilic elements in the chain and the increase in the copolymer concentration led to the enlargement of the particle sizes. Aggregates were crosslinked using click reaction between an azide and prop-2-yn-1-yl carbamate groups that led to stable thermoresponsive nanogels. A systematic study of the behavior of copolymers allowed the determination of the chains useful for possible application in drug delivery.
Collapse
|
6
|
Baliś A, Wolski K, Zapotoczny S. Thermoresponsive Polymer Gating System on Mesoporous Shells of Silica Particles Serving as Smart Nanocontainers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E888. [PMID: 32290489 PMCID: PMC7240617 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Spherical silica nanoparticles with solid cores and mesoporous shells (SCMS) were decorated with thermoresponsive polymer brushes that were shown to serve as macromolecular valves to control loading and unloading of a model dye within the mesopores. Thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) brushes were grafted from the surfaces of both solid core (SC) and SCMS particles of similar size using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. Both systems based on porous (SCMS-PNIPAM) and nonporous (SC-PNIPAM) particles were characterized using cryo-TEM, thermogravimetry and elemental analysis to determine the structure and composition of the decorated nanoparticles. The grafted PNIPAM brushes were found to be responsive to temperature changes enabling temperature-controlled gating of the pores. The processes of loading and unloading in the obtained systems were examined using a model fluorescent dye-rhodamine 6G. Polymer brushes in SCMS-PNIPAM systems were shown to serve as molecular valves enabling significant adsorption (loading) of the dye inside the pores with respect to the SC-PNIPAM (no pores) and SCMS (no valves) systems. The effective unloading of the fluorescent cargo molecules from the decorated nanoparticles was achieved in a water/methanol solution. The obtained SCMS-PNIPAM particles may be used as smart nanocontainers or nanoreactors offering also facile isolation from the suspension due to the presence of dense cores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Szczepan Zapotoczny
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (K.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kasprów M, Machnik J, Otulakowski Ł, Dworak A, Trzebicka B. Thermoresponsive P(HEMA- co-OEGMA) copolymers: synthesis, characteristics and solution behavior. RSC Adv 2019; 9:40966-40974. [PMID: 35540067 PMCID: PMC9076357 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09668j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Random, thermoresponsive copolymers of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate M n = 300 (OEGMA) were synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in a DMSO/H2O solvent mixture. Reactivity ratios were determined by the extended Kelen-Tudos method and found to be close to 1. Studies confirmed the randomness of the obtained copolymers. The thermoresponsiveness in water and in phosphate buffer (PBS) solutions and the influence of copolymer composition and solution concentration on the cloud point temperature (T cp) were investigated. Phase transitions in water solutions were reversible and narrow. The response of P(HEMA-co-OEGMA) to temperature could be adjusted in the range from 66.5 °C to 21.5 °C by changing the HEMA content. In PBS solutions, significant differences in the heating/cooling cycle were observed for all investigated concentrations. The presence of kosmotropic salts in PBS decreased the T cp value and caused thermal aggregation of chains to form a macroscopic aggregate at temperatures above the T cp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Kasprów
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34 Zabrze 41-819 Poland
| | - Justyna Machnik
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34 Zabrze 41-819 Poland
| | - Łukasz Otulakowski
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34 Zabrze 41-819 Poland
| | - Andrzej Dworak
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34 Zabrze 41-819 Poland
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34 Zabrze 41-819 Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tian Y, Liu Y, Ju B, Ren X, Dai M. Thermoresponsive 2-hydroxy-3-isopropoxypropyl hydroxyethyl cellulose with tunable LCST for drug delivery. RSC Adv 2019; 9:2268-2276. [PMID: 35516125 PMCID: PMC9059852 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09075k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymer 2-hydroxy-3-isopropoxypropyl hydroxyethyl celluloses (HIPECs) were successfully synthesized, characterized, and applied for thermoresponsive drug delivery. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of HIPEC could be easily tuned from 21.1 to 56.1 °C as the molar substitution (MS) increased from 1.21 to 2.88. Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy experiments revealed that HIPEC can self-assemble into nano-sized aggregates, and their size could be changed by variation in temperature. Additionally, the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) ranged from 0.101 to 0.805 g L−1 by changing MS of HIPEC. In vitro drug delivery studies indicated that the amphotericin B (AmpB) release rate was much faster at temperatures above LCST; approximately 95% of the drug was released from aggregates in 40 h. MTT assays were conducted to evaluate the cytotoxicity of HIPEC, and the observation of the Hoechst 33342 living cell stain using confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed the high cell viability as HIPECs were used. Thermoresponsive polymer 2-hydroxy-3-isopropoxypropyl hydroxyethyl celluloses (HIPECs) were successfully synthesized, characterized, and applied for thermoresponsive drug delivery.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Aquacultural Engingeering R&D Center
- Dalian Ocean University
- Dalian 116023
- China
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea
| | - Ying Liu
- Aquacultural Engingeering R&D Center
- Dalian Ocean University
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Benzhi Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Xiaozhong Ren
- Aquacultural Engingeering R&D Center
- Dalian Ocean University
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Mingyun Dai
- Aquacultural Engingeering R&D Center
- Dalian Ocean University
- Dalian 116023
- China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lipowska-Kur D, Szweda R, Trzebicka B, Dworak A. Preparation and characterization of doxorubicin nanocarriers based on thermoresponsive oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate polymer-drug conjugates. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
10
|
Dai Y, Chen X, Zhang X. Recent Developments in the Area of Click‐Crosslinked Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800541. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Nano‐Geomaterials of Ministry of EducationFaculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process IntensificationXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Nano‐Geomaterials of Ministry of EducationFaculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Haladjova E, Shestakova P, Tsvetanov CB, Novakov CP. Morphology rearrangement of PEO and PG blocks of amphiphilic copolymer particles in solution affected by FeCl3/acidified water addition. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1612-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
12
|
Krutty JD, Schmitt SK, Gopalan P, Murphy WL. Surface functionalization and dynamics of polymeric cell culture substrates. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 40:164-169. [PMID: 27314835 PMCID: PMC6893855 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The promise of growing tissues to replace or improve the function of failing ones, a practice often referred to as regenerative medicine, has been driven in recent years by the development of stem cells and cell lines. Stem cells are typically cultured outside the body to increase cell number or differentiate the cells into mature cell types. In order to maximize the regenerative potential of these cells, there is a need to understand cell-material interactions that direct cell behavior and cell-material dynamics. Most synthetic surfaces used for growth and differentiation of cells in the lab are impractical and cost prohibitive in clinical labs. This review focuses on the modification of low cost polymer substrates that are already widely used for cell culture so that they may be used to control and understand cell-material interactions. In addition, we discuss the ability of cells to exert dynamic control over the microenvironment leading to a more complex, less controlled surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John D Krutty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA
| | - Samantha K Schmitt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA
| | - Padma Gopalan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA
| | - William L Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Szweda R, Trzebicka B, Dworak A, Otulakowski L, Kosowski D, Hertlein J, Haladjova E, Rangelov S, Szweda D. Smart Polymeric Nanocarriers of Met-enkephalin. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:2691-700. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roza Szweda
- Centre
of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre
of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland
| | - Andrzej Dworak
- Centre
of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland
| | - Lukasz Otulakowski
- Centre
of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland
| | - Dominik Kosowski
- Centre
of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland
| | - Justyna Hertlein
- Centre
of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland
| | - Emi Haladjova
- Institute
of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 103-A, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Stanislav Rangelov
- Institute
of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 103-A, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Dawid Szweda
- Centre
of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Panja S, Dey G, Bharti R, Kumari K, Maiti TK, Mandal M, Chattopadhyay S. Tailor-Made Temperature-Sensitive Micelle for Targeted and On-Demand Release of Anticancer Drugs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:12063-12074. [PMID: 27128684 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The design of nanomedicines from the tuned architecture polymer is a leading object of immense research in recent years. Here, smart thermoresponsive micelles were prepared from novel architecture four-arm star block copolymers, namely, pentaerythritol polycaprolactone-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and pentaerythritol polycaprolactone-b-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam). The polymers were synthesized and tagged with folic acid (FA) to render them as efficient cancer cell targeting cargos. FA-conjugated block copolymers were self-assembled to a nearly spherical (ranging from 15 to 170 nm) polymeric micelle (FA-PM) with a sufficiently lower range of critical micelle concentration (0.59 × 10(-2) to 1.52 × 10(-2) mg/mL) suitable for performing as an efficient drug carrier. The blocks show lower critical solution temperature (LCST) ranging from 30 to 39 °C with high DOX-loading content (24.3%, w/w) as compared to that reported for a linear polymer in the contemporary literature. The temperature-induced reduction in size (57%) of the FA-PM enables a high rate of DOX release (78.57% after 24 h) at a temperature above LCST. The DOX release rate has also been tuned by on-demand administration of temperature. The in vitro biocompatibilities of the blank and DOX-loaded FA-PMs have been studied by the MTT assay. The cellular uptake study proves selective internalization of the FA-PM into cancerous cells (C6 glioma) compared that into normal cells (HaCaT). In vivo administration of the DOX-loaded FA-PMs into the C6 glioma rat tumor model resulted in significant accumulation in tumor sites, which drastically inhibited the tumor volume by ∼83.9% with respect to control without any significant systemic toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Panja
- Rubber Technology Centre, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, and §Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - G Dey
- Rubber Technology Centre, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, and §Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - R Bharti
- Rubber Technology Centre, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, and §Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - K Kumari
- Rubber Technology Centre, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, and §Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - T K Maiti
- Rubber Technology Centre, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, and §Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - M Mandal
- Rubber Technology Centre, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, and §Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - S Chattopadhyay
- Rubber Technology Centre, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, and §Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, India
| |
Collapse
|