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Li X, Zhang L, Liu Z, Wang R, Jiao T. Recent progress in hydrogels combined with phototherapy for bacterial infection: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133375. [PMID: 38914386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Phototherapy has become one of the most effective antibacterial methods due to its associated lack of drug resistance and its good antibacterial effect. For the purpose of avoiding the aggregation and premature release of photosensitive/photothermal agents during phototherapy, they can be mixed into three-dimensional hydrogels. The combination of hydrogels and phototherapy combines the merits of both hydrogels and phototherapy, overcomes the disadvantages of traditional antibacterial methodologies, and has broad application prospects. This review presents recent advancements in phototherapeutic antibacterial hydrogels including photodynamic antibacterial hydrogels, photothermal antibacterial hydrogels, photodynamic and photothermal synergistic antibacterial hydrogels, and other synergistic antibacterial hydrogels involving phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Lexin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
| | - Ran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
| | - Tifeng Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
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2
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Gomes LS, Costa ÉO, Duarte TG, Köhler MH, Rodrigues BM, Ferreira VF, da Silva FDC, Iglesias BA, Nascimento V. Synthesis and evaluation of photophysical, electrochemical, and ROS generation properties of new chalcogen-naphthoquinones-1,2,3-triazole hybrids. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34852-34865. [PMID: 38035251 PMCID: PMC10686195 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06977j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive analysis encompassing the synthesis, structural elucidation, photophysical behavior, and electrochemical properties of a novel series of chalcogen-naphthoquinone-1,2,3-triazole hybrids. Employing a meticulously designed protocol, the synthesis of these hybrids, denoted as 11a-j, was achieved with remarkable efficiency (yielding up to 81%). This synthesis used a regioselective copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC). Furthermore, a detailed investigation into the photophysical characteristics, TDDFT calculations, electrochemical profiles, and photobiological attributes of compounds 11a-j was conducted. This exploration aimed to unravel insights into the excited state behaviors of these molecules, as well as their redox properties. Such insights are crucial for future applications of these derivatives in diverse biological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana S Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, SupraSelen Laboratory, Federal University Fluminense, Institute of Chemistry Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói 24020-141 RJ Brazil
| | - Érica O Costa
- Department of Chemistry, SupraSelen Laboratory, Federal University Fluminense, Institute of Chemistry Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói 24020-141 RJ Brazil
| | - Thuany G Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, SupraSelen Laboratory, Federal University Fluminense, Institute of Chemistry Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói 24020-141 RJ Brazil
| | - Mateus H Köhler
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria 97105-900 RS Brazil
| | - Bruna M Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry, Bioinorganic and Porphyrin Materials Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria 97105-900 RS Brazil
| | - Vitor F Ferreira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Niterói 24241-000 RJ Brazil
| | - Fernando de C da Silva
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Aplicada (LabSOA), Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense Niterói 24020-141 RJ Brazil
| | - Bernardo A Iglesias
- Department of Chemistry, Bioinorganic and Porphyrin Materials Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria 97105-900 RS Brazil
| | - Vanessa Nascimento
- Department of Chemistry, SupraSelen Laboratory, Federal University Fluminense, Institute of Chemistry Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói 24020-141 RJ Brazil
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3
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Toubia I, Nguyen C, Diring S, Onofre M, Daurat M, Gauthier C, Gary-Bobo M, Kobeissi M, Odobel F. Development of targeted photodynamic therapy drugs by combining a zinc phthalocyanine sensitizer with TSPO or EGFR binding groups: the impact of the number of targeting agents on biological activity. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6509-6523. [PMID: 37341568 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00565h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Drug-targeted delivery has become a top priority in the world of medicine in order to develop more efficient therapeutic agents. This is important as a critical underlying problem in cancer therapy stems from the inability to deliver active therapeutic substances directly to tumor cells without causing collateral damage. In this work, zinc(II) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) was selected as a sensitizer and was linked to different targeting agents, which would be recognized by overexpressed proteins in cancer cells. As targeting agents, we first selected the two ligands (DAA1106, PK11195) of the translocator protein (TSPO) and then Erlotinib a binding group of the ATP domain of tyrosine kinase in epidermal growth factor (EGFR). ZnPc was connected via an ethylene glycol chain to either one (n = 1) or four (n = 4) targeting agents. The biological activity of these conjugates ZnPc(ligand)n was investigated on MDA-MB-231 breast human cancer cells and human hepatoma HepG2 cells, first in the dark (cytotoxicity) and then under irradiation (photodynamic therapy). The dark cytotoxicity was extremely low (IC50 ≥ 50 μM) for all of these compounds, which is a required criterion for further photodynamic application. After irradiation at 650 nm, only the conjugates bearing one targeting ligand such as ZnPc-[DAA1106]1, ZnPc-[PK11195]1, and ZnPc-[Erlo]1 showed photodynamic activity, while those linked to 4 targeting agents were inactive. Importantly, fluorescence imaging microscopy showed the colocalization of ZnPc-[DAA1106]1, ZnPc-[PK11195]1 and ZnPc-[erlo]1, at mitochondria, a result that justifies the observed photodynamic activity of these conjugates. This study first shows the impact of the number and the mode of organization of targeting agents on the ability of the sensitizer to cross the cell membrane. When zinc(II) phthalocyanine carries a single targeting agent, a significant photodynamic activity on MDA-MB-231 breast human cancer cells was measured and localization at the mitochondria was demonstrated by fluorescence imaging, thus proving the potential of the sensitizer linked to a targeting agent to improve selectivity. Another important conclusion from this study for the design of future effective PDT drugs using multivalence effects is to control the arrangement of the targeting agents in order to design molecules that will be able to pass the cell membrane barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Toubia
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation, UMR 6230, 2, rue de la Houssinière - BP 92208, F-44000 NANTES, France.
- Laboratoire RammalRammal, Equipe de Synthèse Organique Appliquée SOA, Université Libanaise, Faculté des Sciences 5, Nabatieh, Lebanon.
| | | | - Stéphane Diring
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation, UMR 6230, 2, rue de la Houssinière - BP 92208, F-44000 NANTES, France.
| | - Mélanie Onofre
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Morgane Daurat
- NanoMedSyn, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Corentin Gauthier
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
- NanoMedSyn, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | - Marwan Kobeissi
- Laboratoire RammalRammal, Equipe de Synthèse Organique Appliquée SOA, Université Libanaise, Faculté des Sciences 5, Nabatieh, Lebanon.
| | - Fabrice Odobel
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation, UMR 6230, 2, rue de la Houssinière - BP 92208, F-44000 NANTES, France.
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4
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Liu X, Zhan W, Gao G, Jiang Q, Zhang X, Zhang H, Sun X, Han W, Wu FG, Liang G. Apoptosis-Amplified Assembly of Porphyrin Nanofiber Enhances Photodynamic Therapy of Oral Tumor. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7918-7930. [PMID: 36987560 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral cancer, having high recurrence and metastasis features. In addition to surgery, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered as another effective approach for OSCC treatment. The water solubility of currently available PDT photosensitizers (PSs) is poor, lowering their singlet oxygen (1O2) yield and consequent PDT efficiency. Strategies of PS assembly have been reported to increase 1O2 yield, but it is still possible to further enhance PDT efficiency. In this work, we utilized apoptosis to amplify the assembly of porphyrin nanofibers for enhanced PDT of OSCC. A water-soluble porphyrin derivative, Ac-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-Asp-TPP (Ac-DEVDD-TPP), was designed for this purpose. Upon caspase-3 (Casp3, an activated enzyme during apoptosis) cleavage and laser irradiation, Ac-DEVDD-TPP was converted to D-TPP, which spontaneously self-assembled into porphyrin nanofibers, accompanied by 1.4-fold and 2.1-fold 1O2 generations in vitro and in cells, respectively. The as-formed porphyrin nanofiber induced efficient cell apoptosis and pyroptosis. In vivo experiments demonstrated that, compared with the scrambled control compound Ac-DEDVD-TPP, Ac-DEVDD-TPP led to 6.2-fold and 1.3-fold expressions of Casp3 in subcutaneous and orthotopic oral tumor models, respectively, and significantly suppressed the tumors. We envision that our strategy of apoptosis-amplified porphyrin assembly might be applied for OSCC treatment in the clinic in the near future.
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5
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Cerenkov radiation induced Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy using ROS-responsive agent. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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6
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Mfouo-Tynga IS, Mouinga-Ondeme AG. Photodynamic Therapy: A Prospective Therapeutic Approach for Viral Infections and Induced Neoplasia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101273. [PMID: 36297385 PMCID: PMC9608479 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent COVID-19 pandemic outbreak and arising complications during treatments have highlighted and demonstrated again the evolving ability of microorganisms, especially viral resistance to treatment as they develop into new and strong strains. The search for novel and effective treatments to counter the effects of ever-changing viruses is undergoing. Although it is an approved procedure for treating cancer, photodynamic therapy (PDT) was first used against bacteria and has now shown potential against viruses and certain induced diseases. PDT is a multi-stage process and uses photosensitizing molecules (PSs) that accumulate in diseased tissues and eradicates them after being light-activated in the presence of oxygen. In this review, studies describing viruses and their roles in disrupting cell regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways and facilitating tumorigenesis were described. With the development of innovative “or smart” PSs through the use of nanoparticles and two-photon excitation, among other strategies, PDT can boost immune responses, inactivate viral infections, and eradicate neoplastic cells. Visualization and monitoring of biological processes can be achieved in real-time with nanomedicines and better tissue penetration strategies. After photodynamic inactivation of viruses, signaling pathways seem to be restored but the underlying mechanisms are still to be elucidated. Light-mediated treatments are suitable to manage both oncogenic viral infections and induced neoplasia.
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Aires-Fernandes M, Botelho Costa R, Rochetti do Amaral S, Mussagy CU, Santos-Ebinuma VC, Primo FL. Development of Biotechnological Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy: Cancer Research and Treatment-From Benchtop to Clinical Practice. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206848. [PMID: 36296441 PMCID: PMC9609562 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive therapeutic approach that has been applied in studies for the treatment of various diseases. In this context, PDT has been suggested as a new therapy or adjuvant therapy to traditional cancer therapy. The mode of action of PDT consists of the generation of singlet oxygen (¹O2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the administration of a compound called photosensitizer (PS), a light source, and molecular oxygen (3O2). This combination generates controlled photochemical reactions (photodynamic mechanisms) that produce ROS, such as singlet oxygen (¹O2), which can induce apoptosis and/or cell death induced by necrosis, degeneration of the tumor vasculature, stimulation of the antitumor immune response, and induction of inflammatory reactions in the illuminated region. However, the traditional compounds used in PDT limit its application. In this context, compounds of biotechnological origin with photosensitizing activity in association with nanotechnology are being used in PDT, aiming at its application in several types of cancer but with less toxicity toward neighboring tissues and better absorption of light for more aggressive types of cancer. In this review, we present studies involving innovatively developed PS that aimed to improve the efficiency of PDT in cancer treatment. Specifically, we focused on the clinical translation and application of PS of natural origin on cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariza Aires-Fernandes
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ramon Botelho Costa
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stéphanie Rochetti do Amaral
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassamo Ussemane Mussagy
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota 2260000, Chile
| | - Valéria C. Santos-Ebinuma
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Lucas Primo
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3301-4661
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Tichaczek-Goska D, Gleńsk M, Wojnicz D. The Enhancement of the Photodynamic Therapy and Ciprofloxacin Activity against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains by Polypodium vulgare Rhizome Aqueous Extract. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10121544. [PMID: 34959499 PMCID: PMC8704307 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10121544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic therapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are commonly used to treat bacterial infections. Unfortunately, these methods are often ineffective. Therefore, agents that could effectively support antibiotic therapy and PDT in the inactivation of pathogens are being sought. Phytotherapy seems to be a good solution. The aim of the current research was to examine whether Polypodium vulgare extract (PvE) would improve the effectiveness of PDT and ciprofloxacin (CIP), an antibiotic that is commonly used to treat urinary tract infections in humans. UHPLC-MS analysis was performed to establish the PvE content. Chlorin e6 has been used as a photosensitizer in the PDT method. Biofilm production was established using the spectrophotometric method. The live cell count in planktonic and biofilm consortia was determined with the microdilution method and DAPI staining. The decrease of the bacterial survival, biofilm mass synthesis, and morphological changes of the bacteria under the combined treatments: PDT+PvE and CIP+PvE was noted. The results clearly indicate that the PvE can be used as a good agent for improving the efficacy of both PDT and the CIP activity to inactivate uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. The obtained results are of particular value in the era of widespread and still-increasing drug resistance among bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Tichaczek-Goska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Michał Gleńsk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-784-15-18
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Lee HW, Lee DJ, Lim CS. Recent Research Trends of Two‐Photon Photosensitizer for Simultaneous Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Won Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Energy Systems Research Ajou University Suwon 16499 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Joon Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Energy Systems Research Ajou University Suwon 16499 Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Su Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Energy Systems Research Ajou University Suwon 16499 Republic of Korea
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Gunaydin G, Gedik ME, Ayan S. Photodynamic Therapy-Current Limitations and Novel Approaches. Front Chem 2021; 9:691697. [PMID: 34178948 PMCID: PMC8223074 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.691697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) mostly relies on the generation of singlet oxygen, via the excitation of a photosensitizer, so that target tumor cells can be destroyed. PDT can be applied in the settings of several malignant diseases. In fact, the earliest preclinical applications date back to 1900’s. Dougherty reported the treatment of skin tumors by PDT in 1978. Several further studies around 1980 demonstrated the effectiveness of PDT. Thus, the technique has attracted the attention of numerous researchers since then. Hematoporphyrin derivative received the FDA approval as a clinical application of PDT in 1995. We have indeed witnessed a considerable progress in the field over the last century. Given the fact that PDT has a favorable adverse event profile and can enhance anti-tumor immune responses as well as demonstrating minimally invasive characteristics, it is disappointing that PDT is not broadly utilized in the clinical setting for the treatment of malignant and/or non-malignant diseases. Several issues still hinder the development of PDT, such as those related with light, tissue oxygenation and inherent properties of the photosensitizers. Various photosensitizers have been designed/synthesized in order to overcome the limitations. In this Review, we provide a general overview of the mechanisms of action in terms of PDT in cancer, including the effects on immune system and vasculature as well as mechanisms related with tumor cell destruction. We will also briefly mention the application of PDT for non-malignant diseases. The current limitations of PDT utilization in cancer will be reviewed, since identifying problems associated with design/synthesis of photosensitizers as well as application of light and tissue oxygenation might pave the way for more effective PDT approaches. Furthermore, novel promising approaches to improve outcome in PDT such as selectivity, bioengineering, subcellular/organelle targeting, etc. will also be discussed in detail, since the potential of pioneering and exceptional approaches that aim to overcome the limitations and reveal the full potential of PDT in terms of clinical translation are undoubtedly exciting. A better understanding of novel concepts in the field (e.g. enhanced, two-stage, fractional PDT) will most likely prove to be very useful for pursuing and improving effective PDT strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurcan Gunaydin
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Emre Gedik
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seylan Ayan
- Department of Chemistry, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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11
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Study of Cytotoxic and Photodynamic Activities of Dyads Composed of a Zinc Phthalocyanine Appended to an Organotin. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050413. [PMID: 33924752 PMCID: PMC8145453 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy is a promising strategy to enhance cancer therapeutic efficacy and reduce drug resistance. In this study two zinc(II) phthalocyanine-tin(IV) conjugates linked by a triethylene glycol chain were synthesized and characterized. In these complexes, the zinc(II) phthalocyanine was used as a potential photosensitizer for PDT and the tin complex was selected as cytostatic moiety. The two dyads composed of zinc(II) phthalocyanine and tin complexes exhibited high cytotoxicity, in absence of light stimulation, against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells with low LC50 values in the range of 0.016–0.453 µM. In addition, these complexes showed superior cytotoxicity than their mixture of equimolar component, accompanied with a higher activity towards cancer cells compared to human healthy fibroblasts. However, under irradiation of the zinc phthalocyanine unit (at 650 nm) no photodynamic activity could be detected, due to the most likely quenching of zinc(II) phthalocyanine singlet excited state by the nearby tin complex according to a photoinduced electron transfer process. This study demonstrates the potential of heterometallic anticancer chemotherapeutics composed of a zinc phthalocyanine and tin complex, and it highlights that the development of such conjugates requires that the sensitizer preserves its photophysical properties and in particular its singlet oxygen sensitization ability in the conjugate in order to combine the PDT activity with the cytotoxicity of the anticancer drug.
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Zhao X, Liu J, Fan J, Chao H, Peng X. Recent progress in photosensitizers for overcoming the challenges of photodynamic therapy: from molecular design to application. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:4185-4219. [PMID: 33527104 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00173b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 459] [Impact Index Per Article: 153.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a therapeutic mode involving light triggering, has been recognized as an attractive oncotherapy treatment. However, nonnegligible challenges remain for its further clinical use, including finite tumor suppression, poor tumor targeting, and limited therapeutic depth. The photosensitizer (PS), being the most important element of PDT, plays a decisive role in PDT treatment. This review summarizes recent progress made in the development of PSs for overcoming the above challenges. This progress has included PSs developed to display enhanced tolerance of the tumor microenvironment, improved tumor-specific selectivity, and feasibility of use in deep tissue. Based on their molecular photophysical properties and design directions, the PSs are classified by parent structures, which are discussed in detail from the molecular design to application. Finally, a brief summary of current strategies for designing PSs and future perspectives are also presented. We expect the information provided in this review to spur the further design of PSs and the clinical development of PDT-mediated cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueze Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China.
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Simões JCS, Sarpaki S, Papadimitroulas P, Therrien B, Loudos G. Conjugated Photosensitizers for Imaging and PDT in Cancer Research. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14119-14150. [PMID: 32990442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Early cancer detection and perfect understanding of the disease are imperative toward efficient treatments. It is straightforward that, for choosing a specific cancer treatment methodology, diagnostic agents undertake a critical role. Imaging is an extremely intriguing tool since it assumes a follow up to treatments to survey the accomplishment of the treatment and to recognize any conceivable repeating injuries. It also permits analysis of the disease, as well as to pursue treatment and monitor the possible changes that happen on the tumor. Likewise, it allows screening the adequacy of treatment and visualizing the state of the tumor. Additionally, when the treatment is finished, observing the patient is imperative to evaluate the treatment methodology and adjust the treatment if necessary. The goal of this review is to present an overview of conjugated photosensitizers for imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- João C S Simões
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Neuchatel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland.,BioEmission Technology Solutions, Alexandras Avenue 116, 11472 Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Sarpaki
- BioEmission Technology Solutions, Alexandras Avenue 116, 11472 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Bruno Therrien
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Neuchatel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - George Loudos
- BioEmission Technology Solutions, Alexandras Avenue 116, 11472 Athens, Greece
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Picaud F, Duverger E, Stauffer L, Sonnet P. Behavior of anchor functionalized ZnPc molecules on a graphene nanoflake near membrane cell. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Kuzmina NS, Otvagin VF, Krylova LV, Nyuchev AV, Romanenko YV, Koifman OI, Balalaeva IV, Fedorov AY. Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of new chlorin e6 glycoconjugates. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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16
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Ashraf A, Fatima N, Shahzadi I, Tariq H, Shahzadi A, Yameen MA, Iqbal J, Rafi M. Datura suaveolens and Verbena tenuisecta mediated silver nanoparticles, their photodynamic cytotoxic and antimicrobial evaluation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:31. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2787-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Revuelta-Maza MÁ, González-Jiménez P, Hally C, Agut M, Nonell S, de la Torre G, Torres T. Fluorine-substituted tetracationic ABAB-phthalocyanines for efficient photodynamic inactivation of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 187:111957. [PMID: 31864170 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of new amphiphilic phthalocyanines (Pcs), the study of their singlet oxygen generation capabilities, and biological assays to determine their potential as photosensitizers for photodynamic inactivation of bacteria. In particular, Pcs with an ABAB geometry (where A and B refer to differently substituted isoindole constituents) have been synthesized. These molecules are endowed with bulky bis(trifluoromethylphenyl) groups in two facing isoindoles, which hinder aggregation and favour singlet oxygen generation, and pyridinium or alkylammonium moieties in the other two isoindoles. In particular, two water-soluble Pc derivatives (PS-1 and PS-2) have proved to be efficient in the photoinactivation of S. aureus and E. coli, selected as models of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cormac Hally
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Agut
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08017, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gema de la Torre
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain; Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Tomás Torres
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain; Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Ferreira JT, Pina J, Ribeiro CAF, Fernandes R, Tomé JPC, Rodríguez-Morgade MS, Torres T. Highly Efficient Singlet Oxygen Generators Based on Ruthenium Phthalocyanines: Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Evaluation for Photodynamic Therapy. Chemistry 2019; 26:1789-1799. [PMID: 31605633 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of ruthenium(II) phthalocyanines (RuPcs) endowed with one carbohydrate unit-that is, glucose, galactose and mannose-and a dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) ligand at the two axial coordination sites, respectively, is described. Two series of compounds, one unsubstituted at the periphery, and the other one bearing eight PEG chains at the isoindole meta-positions, have been prepared. The presence of the axial DMSO unit significantly increases the phthalocyanine singlet oxygen quantum yields, related to other comparable RuPcs. The compounds have been evaluated for PDT treatment in bladder cancer cells. In vitro studies have revealed high phototoxicity for RuPcs unsubstituted at their periphery. The phototoxicity of PEG-substituted RuPcs has been considerably improved by repeated light irradiation. The choice of the axial carbohydrate introduced little differences in the cellular uptake for both series of photosensitizers, but the phototoxic effects were considerably higher for compounds bearing mannose units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana T Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Pina
- CQC, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos A F Ribeiro
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC.iCBR Consortium, University of Coimbra, 3004-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João P C Tomé
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.,CQE, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Salomé Rodríguez-Morgade
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Nanociencia, C/ Faraday, 9, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Diogo P, F Faustino MA, P M S Neves MG, Palma PJ, P Baptista I, Gonçalves T, Santos JM. An Insight into Advanced Approaches for Photosensitizer Optimization in Endodontics-A Critical Review. J Funct Biomater 2019; 10:E44. [PMID: 31575005 PMCID: PMC6963755 DOI: 10.3390/jfb10040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Apical periodontitis is a biofilm-mediated disease; therefore, an antimicrobial approach is essential to cure or prevent its development. In the quest for efficient strategies to achieve this objective, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has emerged as an alternative to classical endodontic irrigation solutions and antibiotics. The aim of the present critical review is to summarize the available evidence on photosensitizers (PSs) which has been confirmed in numerous studies from diverse areas combined with several antimicrobial strategies, as well as emerging options in order to optimize their properties and effects that might be translational and useful in the near future in basic endodontic research. Published data notably support the need for continuing the search for an ideal endodontic photosensitizer, that is, one which acts as an excellent antimicrobial agent without causing toxicity to the human host cells or presenting the risk of tooth discoloration. The current literature on experimental studies mainly relies on assessment of mixed disinfection protocols, combining approaches which are already available with aPDT as an adjunct therapy. In this review, several approaches concerning aPDT efficiency are appraised, such as the use of bacteriophages, biopolymers, drug and light delivery systems, efflux pump inhibitors, negative pressure systems, and peptides. The authors also analyzed their combination with other approaches for aPDT improvement, such as sonodynamic therapy. All of the aforementioned techniques have already been tested, and we highlight the biological challenges of each formulation, predicting that the collected information may encourage the development of other effective photoactive materials, in addition to being useful in endodontic basic research. Moreover, special attention is dedicated to studies on detailed conditions, aPDT features with a focus on PS enhancer strategies, and the respective final antimicrobial outcomes. From all the mentioned approaches, the two which are most widely discussed and which show the most promising outcomes for endodontic purposes are drug delivery systems (with strong development in nanoparticles) and PS solubilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Diogo
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.
- FMUC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - M Amparo F Faustino
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE and Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M Graça P M S Neves
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE and Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Paulo J Palma
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.
- FMUC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Isabel P Baptista
- FMUC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Institute of Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Teresa Gonçalves
- FMUC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal.
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - João Miguel Santos
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.
- FMUC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal.
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20
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Boyar CY, Çamur M. Novel water soluble 7-oxy-4-(pyridine-3-yl)coumarin substituted phthalocyanines as potential photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Bayat F, Karimi AR. Design of photodynamic chitosan hydrogels bearing phthalocyanine-colistin conjugate as an antibacterial agent. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:927-935. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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22
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Yurt F, Ince M, Er O, Melis Soylu H, Ocakoglu K, Yilmaz O. Subphthalocyanine as a fluorescence imaging agent for breast tumor. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 26:361-365. [PMID: 31026614 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Tri-tert-butyl-carboxyl subphthalocyanine (SubPc) was synthesized and evaluated as a fluorescence agent. Fluorescence imaging for breast tumor in vivo was performed using nude mice as models. Results indicate high uptake in tumor at 20 h. Tumor-non tumor ratio was determined as 2.25. The imaging results demonstrate the potential of this fluorescence-imaging agent in the diagnosis of breast tumor. In the future, subphthalocyanine is also developing as a dual functional, which is fluorescence imaging and as a photodynamic therapeutic agent for the treatment and diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Yurt
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Mine Ince
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tarsus University, 33400, Tarsus, Turkey
| | - Ozge Er
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hale Melis Soylu
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Institute of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kasim Ocakoglu
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tarsus University, 33400, Tarsus, Turkey.
| | - Osman Yilmaz
- Department of Animal Research Center, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
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23
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Ghazal B, Kaya EN, Husain A, Ganesan A, Durmuş M, Makhseed S. Biotinylated-cationic zinc(II) phthalocyanine towards photodynamic therapy. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424618501158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Targeting biotin receptors in cancer cells can improve specifying of photosensitizers (PSs) for cancer treatment by photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications. Consequently, there has been extensive research focusing mainly on the design of PSs with optimized pharmaceutical properties and better targeting toward cancer cells. Herein a tailored mono-biotinylated zinc(II) phthalocyanine (Pc-1) substituted with six phenoxy-bis(triazolyl) substituents has been synthesized. This Pc-1 has been further modified to its cationic version (Pc-2) through quaternizing of the triazole moiety to gain water solubility. Both non-ionic zinc(II) phthalocyanine (Pc-1) and its cationic derivative (Pc-2) were characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques, namely; FT-IR, 1H and [Formula: see text]C NMR, UV-Vis and MALDI-TOF, and by elemental analysis. The photophysical and photochemical properties were evaluated in DMSO for the non-ionic Pc-1 and in both DMSO and water for the cationic Pc-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Ghazal
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat, 13060, Kuwait
| | - Esra Nur Kaya
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 41400 Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ali Husain
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat, 13060, Kuwait
| | - Asaithampi Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat, 13060, Kuwait
| | - Mahmut Durmuş
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 41400 Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Saad Makhseed
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat, 13060, Kuwait
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24
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Zhao J, Li S, Jin Y, Wang JY, Li W, Wu W, Hong Z. Multimerization Increases Tumor Enrichment of Peptide⁻Photosensitizer Conjugates. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040817. [PMID: 30823562 PMCID: PMC6413024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an established therapeutic modality for the management of cancers. Conjugation with tumor-specific small molecule ligands (e.g., short peptides or peptidomimetics) could increase the tumor targeting of PDT agents, which is very important for improving the outcome of PDT. However, compared with antibody molecules, small molecule ligands have a much weaker affinity to their receptors, which means that their tumor enrichment is not always ideal. In this work, we synthesized multimeric RGD ligand-coupled conjugates of pyropheophorbide-a (Pyro) to increase the affinity through multivalent and cluster effects to improve the tumor enrichment of the conjugates. Thus, the dimeric and trimeric RGD peptide-coupled Pyro conjugates and the monomeric one for comparison were efficiently synthesized via a convergent strategy. A short polyethylene glycol spacer was introduced between two RGD motifs to increase the distance required for multivalence. A subsequent binding affinity assay verified the improvement of the binding towards integrin αvβ3 receptors after the increase in the valence, with an approximately 20-fold improvement in the binding affinity of the trimeric conjugate compared with that of the monomeric conjugate. In vivo experiments performed in tumor-bearing mice also confirmed a significant increase in the distribution of the conjugates in the tumor site via multimerization, in which the trimeric conjugate had the best tumor enrichment compared with the other two conjugates. These results indicated that the multivalence interaction can obviously increase the tumor enrichment of RGD peptide-conjugated Pyro photosensitizers, and the prepared trimeric conjugate can be used as a novel antitumor photodynamic agent with high tumor enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisi Zhao
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yingying Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Jessica Yijia Wang
- Tianjin Sirui International School, Sisui Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300222, China.
| | - Wenjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Wenjie Wu
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Zhangyong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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25
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Sandland J, Boyle RW. Photosensitizer Antibody–Drug Conjugates: Past, Present, and Future. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:975-993. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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Liu Q, Wang J, Li S, Li G, Chen Q, Hong Z. Folate-Targeted Polyethylene Glycol-Modified Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:2102-2111. [PMID: 30677421 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pyropheophorbide a (Pyro) is a promising photosensitizer; however, it has no tumor selectivity and enrichment capability. In our former work, the prepared folic acid (FA)-Pyro conjugates showed considerably improved tumor accumulation and photodynamic therapy (PDT) activity in cell- and animal-based studies. However, the targeting capability, selectivity and water solubility of the conjugate remain problematic. Here, we evaluated the installation of hydrophilic polyethylene glycol chains as the linker between Pyro and FA, by avoiding direct conjugation of Pyro with FA, aiming to improve tumor selectivity and accumulation. However, PEGylation may have negative effects on the PDT activity and cutaneous phototoxicity. Therefore, we chose various lengths of PEGs as linkers to optimize the molecular weight, hydrophilicity, and PDT activity and, thus, to balance the tumor selectivity and biological function of the conjugate. One optimized conjugate, Pyro-PEG1K-FA, exhibited excellent tumor enrichment and was able to eradicate subcutaneous tumors at a considerably reduced dose. We report the synthesis and characterization of these conjugates as well as the evaluation of their tumor accumulation ability and the corresponding PDT efficiency through in vitro and in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R.China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R.China
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R.China
| | - Guojie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R.China
| | - Qingle Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R.China
| | - Zhangyong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R.China.
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27
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Schneider L, Larocca M, Wu W, Babu V, Padrutt R, Slyshkina E, König C, Ferrari S, Spingler B. Exocyclically metallated tetrapyridinoporphyrazine as a potential photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2792-2803. [DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00336c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and biological evaluations of a potential dual chemotherapeutic photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy based on the first exocyclically platinated tetrapyridinoporphyrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schneider
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- 8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Michele Larocca
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- 8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Wenyu Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- 8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Vipin Babu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- 8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Roxane Padrutt
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- 8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | | | - Christiane König
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research
- University of Zurich
- 8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research
- University of Zurich
- 8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
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28
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Revuelta-Maza MA, Nonell S, de la Torre G, Torres T. Boosting the singlet oxygen photosensitization abilities of Zn(ii) phthalocyanines through functionalization with bulky fluorinated substituents. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7448-7454. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00872a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Non-aggregated, crosswise ZnPcs functionalized with bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups in facing isoindoles have proved efficient photosensitizers for singlet oxygen generation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià
- Universitat Ramon Llull
- 08017 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Gema de la Torre
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
| | - Tomás Torres
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
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29
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30
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Jenni S, Sour A, Bolze F, Ventura B, Heitz V. Tumour-targeting photosensitisers for one- and two-photon activated photodynamic therapy. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:6585-6594. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00731h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Efficient receptor-mediated delivery of a folate-targeted photosensitiser to kill cancer cells following two-photon excitation in the near-infrared is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Jenni
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177/CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Angélique Sour
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177/CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Frédéric Bolze
- CAMB
- UMR 7199
- UdS/CNRS
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- Université de Strasbourg
| | | | - Valérie Heitz
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177/CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
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31
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Baygu Y, Gök Y. A highly water-soluble zinc(II) phthalocyanines as potential for PDT studies: Synthesis and characterization. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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32
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Chen Q, Ma Y, Zhao J, Zhao M, Li W, Liu Q, Xiong L, Wu W, Hong Z. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of improved EGFR targeting peptide-conjugated phthalocyanine photosensitizers for tumor photodynamic therapy. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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33
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Ferreira JT, Pina J, Ribeiro CAF, Fernandes R, Tomé JPC, Rodríguez-Morgade MS, Torres T. Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Containing Ruthenium Phthalocyanines as Third Generation Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joana T. Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM); Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - João Pina
- CQC, Department of Chemistry; University of Coimbra; Coimbra Portugal
| | - Carlos A. F. Ribeiro
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- CNC.IBILI Consortium; University of Coimbra; 3004-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - João P. C. Tomé
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
- CQE, Departamento de Engenharia Química Instituto Superior Técnico; Universidade de Lisboa; Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal
| | - M. Salomé Rodríguez-Morgade
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM); Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM); 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM); Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM); 28049 Madrid Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Nanociencia; C/ Faraday, 9 Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
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Li W, Tan S, Xing Y, Liu Q, Li S, Chen Q, Yu M, Wang F, Hong Z. cRGD Peptide-Conjugated Pyropheophorbide-a Photosensitizers for Tumor Targeting in Photodynamic Therapy. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:1505-1514. [PMID: 29502410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pyropheophorbide-a (Pyro) is a highly promising photosensitizer for tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT), although its very limited tumor-accumulation ability seriously restricts its clinical applications. A higher accumulation of photosensitizers is very important for the treatment of deeply seated and larger tumors. The conjugation of Pyro with tumor-homing peptide ligands could be a very useful strategy to optimize the physical properties of Pyro. Herein, we reported our studies on the conjugation of Pyro with a cyclic cRGDfK (cRGD) peptide, an integrin binding sequence, to develop highly tumor-specific photosensitizers for PDT application. To further reduce the nonspecific uptake and, thus, reduce the background distribution of the conjugates in normal tissues, we opted to add a highly hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) chain and an extra strongly hydrophilic carboxylic acid group as the linker to avoid the direct connection of the strongly hydrophobic Pyro macrocycle and cRGD ligand. We reported here the synthesis and characterization of these conjugates, and the influence of the hydrophilic modification on the biological function of the conjugates was carefully studied. The tumor-accumulation ability and photodynamic-induced cell-killing ability of these conjugates were evaluated through both in vitro cell-based experiment and in vivo distribution and tumor therapy experiments with tumor-bearing mice. Thus, the synthesized conjugate significantly improved the tumor enrichment and tumor selectivity of Pyro, as well as abolished the xenograft tumors in the murine model through a one-time PDT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Sihai Tan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , P. R. China
| | - Yutong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Qingle Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital , National Clinical Research Center for Cancer , Tianjin 300060 , P. R. China
| | - Fengwei Wang
- People's Hospital of Tianjin , Tianjin 300180 , P. R. China
| | - Zhangyong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
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Chow SYS, Wong RCH, Zhao S, Lo PC, Ng DKP. Disulfide-Linked Dendritic Oligomeric Phthalocyanines as Glutathione-Responsive Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy. Chemistry 2018; 24:5779-5789. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201706128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Y. S. Chow
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin N.T. Hong Kong China
| | - Roy C. H. Wong
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin N.T. Hong Kong China
| | - Shirui Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin N.T. Hong Kong China
| | - Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin N.T. Hong Kong China
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Liu Q, Pang M, Tan S, Wang J, Chen Q, Wang K, Wu W, Hong Z. Potent peptide-conjugated silicon phthalocyanines for tumor photodynamic therapy. J Cancer 2018; 9:310-320. [PMID: 29344278 PMCID: PMC5771339 DOI: 10.7150/jca.22362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are a group of promising photosensitizers for use in photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, their extremely low solubility and their strong tendency to aggregate in aqueous solution greatly restrict their application. Conjugation of Pc macrocycles with peptide ligands could be a very useful strategy to optimize the physical properties of Pcs not only by increasing their water solubility and reducing their aggregation but also by endowing the conjugates with a tumor-targeting capability. To develop highly potent photosensitizers for tumor PDT, we prepared new peptide-conjugated photosensitizers using silicon Pc (SiPc), which has much higher photodynamic activity than zinc Pcs, as the light activation moiety and the cRGDfK peptide (or simply cRGD) as the peptide moiety. A polyethylene glycol linker and an extra carboxylic acid group were also tested for introduction into the conjugates to optimize the conjugate structure. The conjugates' photophysical and photodynamic behaviors were then carefully evaluated and compared using in vitro and in vivo experiments. One of the prepared conjugates, RGD-(Linker)2-Glu-SiPc, showed excellent physical properties and photodynamic activity, with an EC50 (half maximal effective concentration) of 10-20 nM toward various cancer cells. This conjugate eradicated human glioblastoma U87-MG tumors in a xenograft murine tumor model after only one dose of photodynamic treatment, with no tumor regrowth during observation for up to 35 days. The conjugate RGD-(Linker)2-Glu-SiPc thus showed highly promising potential for use in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Mingpei Pang
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Sihai Tan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qingle Chen
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- International Medicine Center, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Zhangyong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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Arrue L, Ratjen L. Internal Targeting and External Control: Phototriggered Targeting in Nanomedicine. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1908-1916. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lily Arrue
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB); Universidad Andres Bello; Av. Republica 239 Santiago Chile
| | - Lars Ratjen
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB); Universidad Andres Bello; Av. Republica 239 Santiago Chile
- Fundación Fraunhofer Chile Research; Mariano Sánchez Fontecilla 310, Piso 14, Las Condes Santiago Chile
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Chen JJ, Huang YZ, Song MR, Zhang ZH, Xue JP. Silicon Phthalocyanines Axially Disubstituted with Erlotinib toward Small-Molecular-Target-Based Photodynamic Therapy. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1504-1511. [PMID: 28776965 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecular-target-based photodynamic therapy-a promising targeted anticancer strategy-was developed by conjugating zinc(II) phthalocyanine with a small-molecular-target-based anticancer drug. To prevent self-aggregation and avoid problems of phthalocyanine isomerization, two silicon phthalocyanines di-substituted axially with erlotinib have been synthesized and fully characterized. These conjugates are present in monomeric form in various solvents as well as culture media. Cell-based experiments showed that these conjugates localize in lysosomes and mitochondria, while maintaining high photodynamic activities (IC50 values as low as 8 nm under a light dose of 1.5 J cm-2 ). With erlotinib as the targeting moiety, two conjugates were found to exhibit high specificity for EGFR-overexpressing cancer cells. Various poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker lengths were shown to have an effect on the photophysical/photochemical properties and on in vitro phototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Juan Chen
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, and Fujian Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Yi-Zhen Huang
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, and Fujian Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Mei-Ru Song
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, and Fujian Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Zhang
- Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Jin-Ping Xue
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, and Fujian Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
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40
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Synthesis and characterization of 6,8-di- tert -butyl-3-[ p -(propynyl)phenoxy]coumarin substituted phthalocyanines and investigation of their photophysical and photochemical properties. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Carrión EN, Santiago J, Sabatino D, Gorun SM. Synthesis and Photophysical and Photocatalytic Properties of a Highly Fluorinated and Durable Phthalocyanine–Peptide Bioconjugate for Potential Theranostic Applications. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:7210-7216. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik N. Carrión
- Center for Functional
Materials, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Avenue, South Orange, New Jersey 07079, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, 400 South
Orange Avenue, South Orange, New Jersey 07079, United States
| | - Jenyffer Santiago
- Center for Functional
Materials, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Avenue, South Orange, New Jersey 07079, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, 400 South
Orange Avenue, South Orange, New Jersey 07079, United States
| | - David Sabatino
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, 400 South
Orange Avenue, South Orange, New Jersey 07079, United States
| | - Sergiu M. Gorun
- Center for Functional
Materials, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Avenue, South Orange, New Jersey 07079, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, 400 South
Orange Avenue, South Orange, New Jersey 07079, United States
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Wang J, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Shi H, Liu H, Guo W, Ma Y, Huang W, Hong Z. Folic Acid-Conjugated Pyropheophorbide a as the Photosensitizer Tested for In Vivo Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:1482-1489. [PMID: 28263847 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a highly localized and minimally invasive cancer treatment modality with many important advantages, but the lack of ideal photosensitizers (PSs) greatly restricts its clinical utility. To develop new PSs with highly efficient singlet oxygen production and high tumor-localizing ability to reduce damage to healthy adjacent tissues, we conjugated folic acid (FA) with pyropheophorbide a (Pyro), a potent PS with a very high singlet oxygen quantum yield and a high extinction coefficient. In the present work, we describe the synthesis and PDT evaluation of this FA-Pyro conjugate both in vitro and in vivo. This conjugation increased the accumulation of Pyro inside the tumors and improved the efficiency of PDT, resulting in eradication of subcutaneous xenograft KB (human mouth epidermal carcinoma) tumors after only 1 or 2 applications of external near infrared light irradiation. This outstanding PDT outcome in a tumor-bearing mouse model and the simple synthesis of the conjugate should have very good practical potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqiang Huang
- Kanghong Yaoyuan Biotech Co., Ltd, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhangyong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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van Straten D, Mashayekhi V, de Bruijn HS, Oliveira S, Robinson DJ. Oncologic Photodynamic Therapy: Basic Principles, Current Clinical Status and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9020019. [PMID: 28218708 PMCID: PMC5332942 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 561] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved cancer therapy, based on a photochemical reaction between a light activatable molecule or photosensitizer, light, and molecular oxygen. When these three harmless components are present together, reactive oxygen species are formed. These can directly damage cells and/or vasculature, and induce inflammatory and immune responses. PDT is a two-stage procedure, which starts with photosensitizer administration followed by a locally directed light exposure, with the aim of confined tumor destruction. Since its regulatory approval, over 30 years ago, PDT has been the subject of numerous studies and has proven to be an effective form of cancer therapy. This review provides an overview of the clinical trials conducted over the last 10 years, illustrating how PDT is applied in the clinic today. Furthermore, examples from ongoing clinical trials and the most recent preclinical studies are presented, to show the directions, in which PDT is headed, in the near and distant future. Despite the clinical success reported, PDT is still currently underutilized in the clinic. We also discuss the factors that hamper the exploration of this effective therapy and what should be changed to render it a more effective and more widely available option for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demian van Straten
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands.
| | - Vida Mashayekhi
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands.
| | - Henriette S de Bruijn
- Center for Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Postbox 204, Rotterdam 3000 CA, The Netherlands.
| | - Sabrina Oliveira
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands.
- Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CG, The Netherlands.
| | - Dominic J Robinson
- Center for Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Postbox 204, Rotterdam 3000 CA, The Netherlands.
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Luciano M, Erfanzadeh M, Zhou F, Zhu H, Bornhütter T, Röder B, Zhu Q, Brückner C. In vivo photoacoustic tumor tomography using a quinoline-annulated porphyrin as NIR molecular contrast agent. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:972-983. [PMID: 28059409 PMCID: PMC5302001 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02640k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and photophysical properties of a tetra-PEG-modified and freely water-soluble quinoline-annulated porphyrin are described. We previously demonstrated the ability of quinoline-annulated porphyrins to act as an in vitro NIR photoacoustic imaging (PAI) contrast agent. The solubility of the quinoline-annulated porphyrin derivative in serum now allowed the assessment of the efficacy of the PEGylated derivative as an in vivo NIR contrast agent for the PAI of an implanted tumor in a mouse model. A multi-fold contrast enhancement when compared to the benchmark dye ICG could be shown, a finding that could be traced to its photophysical properties (short triplet lifetimes, low fluorescence and singlet oxygen sensitization quantum yields). A NIR excitation wavelength of 790 nm could be used, fully taking advantage of the optical window of tissue. Rapid renal clearance of the dye was observed. Its straight-forward synthesis, optical properties with the possibility for further optical fine-tuning, nontoxicity, favorable elimination rates, and contrast enhancement make this a promising PAI contrast agent. The ability to conjugate the PAI chromophore with a fluorescent tag using a facile and general conjugation strategy was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Luciano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA.
| | - Mohsen Erfanzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4157, USA
| | - Feifei Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4157, USA
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA.
| | - Tobias Bornhütter
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Röder
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Quing Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4157, USA
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA.
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Ruiz-González R, Setaro F, Gulías Ò, Agut M, Hahn U, Torres T, Nonell S. Cationic phthalocyanine dendrimers as potential antimicrobial photosensitisers. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9008-9017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02270k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis, photophysical properties and photoantimicrobial efficiency of cationic Zn(ii) and Ru(ii) dendrimeric phthalocyanines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Setaro
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | - Òscar Gulías
- Institut Químic de Sarriá
- Universitat Ramon Llull
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Montserrat Agut
- Institut Químic de Sarriá
- Universitat Ramon Llull
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Uwe Hahn
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarriá
- Universitat Ramon Llull
- Barcelona
- Spain
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Ikeuchi T, Mack J, Nyokong T, Kobayashi N, Kimura M. Aggregation Control of Robust Water-Soluble Zinc(II) Phthalocyanine-Based Photosensitizers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:11980-11985. [PMID: 27775359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) complex with four negatively charged electron-withdrawing sulfonic acid substituents at the nonperipheral positions (α-ZnTSPc) is found to have a high singlet oxygen (1O2) quantum yield and exhibits high photostability. The formation of aggregates is hindered and the highest occupied molecular orbital is significantly stabilized, making α-ZnTSPc potentially suitable for its use as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy and photoimmunotherapy. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) reveals that mixtures of the negatively charged α-ZnTSPc complex with a similar positively charged ZnPc were found to result in the self-assembly of one-dimensional accordion-like fibers. Supramolecular fibers can be formed in aqueous solutions through intermolecular electrostatic and donor-acceptor interactions between the two water-soluble ZnPcs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Ikeuchi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University , Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - John Mack
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University , P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University , P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University , Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Kimura
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University , Ueda 386-8567, Japan
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de Faria CMG, Inada NM, Kurachi C, Bagnato VS. Determination of the threshold dose distribution in photodynamic action from in vitro experiments. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 162:168-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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48
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Hu QJ, Lu YC, Yang CX, Yan XP. Synthesis of covalently bonded boron-dipyrromethene-diarylethene for building a stable photosensitizer with photo-controlled reversibility. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:5470-3. [PMID: 27020719 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01864e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of a photosensitizer containing boron-dipyrromethene and diarylethene. The photosensitizer has photo-controlled reversible photosensitivity and offers potential applications in photochemical catalysis and the degradation of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Ju Hu
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu-Chen Lu
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Cheng-Xiong Yang
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Yan
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China.
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49
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Karimi AR, Khodadadi A, Hadizadeh M. A nanoporous photosensitizing hydrogel based on chitosan cross-linked by zinc phthalocyanine: an injectable and pH-stimuli responsive system for effective cancer therapy. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17064a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) have promising applications in photodynamic therapy (PDT), their therapeutic efficacy suffer from their low solubility in the biological environment and their lack of tumor selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Karimi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Arak University
- Arak
- Iran
| | - Azam Khodadadi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Arak University
- Arak
- Iran
| | - Mahnaz Hadizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology
- Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
- Tehran 3353136846
- Iran
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Luan L, Fang W, Liu W, Tian M, Ni Y, Chen X, Yu X. Phthalocyanine-cRGD conjugate: synthesis, photophysical properties and in vitro biological activity for targeting photodynamic therapy. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:2985-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00099a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Phthalocyanine-RGD conjugate was synthesized and examined for its two-photon absorption cross section (TPACS), cellular uptake, and photocytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P.R. China
| | - Minggang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P.R. China
| | - Yuxing Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P.R. China
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