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Choroszy-Król I, Futoma-Kołoch B, Kuźnik K, Wojnicz D, Tichaczek-Goska D, Frej-Mądrzak M, Jama-Kmiecik A, Sarowska J. Exposing Salmonella Senftenberg and Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Poultry Farms to Formaldehyde and Lingonberry Extract at Low Concentrations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14579. [PMID: 37834022 PMCID: PMC10572950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
European Union (EU) countries strive to improve the quality and safety of food of animal origin. Food production depends on a good microbiological quality of fodder. However, feed can be a reservoir or vector of pathogenic microorganisms, including Salmonella or Escherichia coli bacteria. Salmonella spp. and E. coli are the two most important food-borne pathogens of public health concern. Contamination with these pathogens, mainly in the poultry sector, can lead to serious food-borne diseases. Both microorganisms can form biofilms on abiotic and biotic surfaces. The cells that form biofilms are less sensitive to disinfectants, which in turn makes it difficult to eliminate them from various surfaces. Because the usage of formaldehyde in animal feed is prohibited in European countries, the replacement of this antibacterial with natural plant products seems very promising. This study aimed to assess the inhibitory effectiveness of Vaccinium vitis-idaea extract against biofilm produced by model Salmonella enterica and E. coli strains. We found that formaldehyde could effectively kill both species of bacterial cells in biofilm, while the lingonberry extract showed some antibiofilm effect on S. enterica serovar Senftenberg. In conclusion, finding natural plant products that are effective against biofilms formed by Gram-negative bacteria is still challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Choroszy-Król
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wrocław Medical University, Chałubińskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.C.-K.); (M.F.-M.); (A.J.-K.); (J.S.)
| | - Bożena Futoma-Kołoch
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63–77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Klaudia Kuźnik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63–77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.W.); (D.T.-G.)
| | - Dorota Tichaczek-Goska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.W.); (D.T.-G.)
| | - Magdalena Frej-Mądrzak
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wrocław Medical University, Chałubińskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.C.-K.); (M.F.-M.); (A.J.-K.); (J.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Jama-Kmiecik
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wrocław Medical University, Chałubińskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.C.-K.); (M.F.-M.); (A.J.-K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jolanta Sarowska
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wrocław Medical University, Chałubińskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.C.-K.); (M.F.-M.); (A.J.-K.); (J.S.)
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Sycz Z, Wojnicz D, Tichaczek-Goska D. Does Secondary Plant Metabolite Ursolic Acid Exhibit Antibacterial Activity against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Living in Single- and Multispecies Biofilms? Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081691. [PMID: 36015317 PMCID: PMC9415239 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multispecies bacterial biofilms are the often cause of chronic recurrent urinary tract infections within the human population. Eradicating such a complex bacterial consortium with standard pharmacotherapy is often unsuccessful. Therefore, plant-derived compounds are currently being researched as an alternative strategy to antibiotic therapy for preventing bacterial biofilm formation and facilitating its eradication. Therefore, our research aimed to determine the effect of secondary plant metabolite ursolic acid (UA) on the growth and survival, the quantity of exopolysaccharides formed, metabolic activity, and morphology of uropathogenic Gram-negative rods living in single- and mixed-species biofilms at various stages of their development. Spectrophotometric methods were used for biofilm mass formation and metabolic activity determination. The survival of bacteria was established using the serial dilution assay. The decrease in survival and inhibition of biofilm creation, both single- and multispecies, as well as changes in the morphology of bacterial cells were noticed. As UA exhibited better activity against young biofilms, the use of UA-containing formulations, especially during the initial steps of urinary tract infection, seems to be reasonable. However, the future direction should be a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of UA activity as a bioactive substance.
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Sycz Z, Tichaczek-Goska D, Wojnicz D. Anti-Planktonic and Anti-Biofilm Properties of Pentacyclic Triterpenes-Asiatic Acid and Ursolic Acid as Promising Antibacterial Future Pharmaceuticals. Biomolecules 2022; 12:98. [PMID: 35053246 PMCID: PMC8774094 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the ever-increasing number of multidrug-resistant bacteria, research concerning plant-derived compounds with antimicrobial mechanisms of action has been conducted. Pentacyclic triterpenes, which have a broad spectrum of medicinal properties, are one of such groups. Asiatic acid (AA) and ursolic acid (UA), which belong to this group, exhibit diverse biological activities that include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and immunostimulatory. Some of these articles usually contain only a short section describing the antibacterial effects of AA or UA. Therefore, our review article aims to provide the reader with a broader understanding of the activity of these acids against pathogenic bacteria. The bacteria in the human body can live in the planktonic form and create a biofilm structure. Therefore, we found it valuable to present the action of AA and UA on both planktonic and biofilm cultures. The article also presents mechanisms of the biological activity of these substances against microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dorota Tichaczek-Goska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland; (Z.S.); (D.W.)
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Korzekwa K, Kędziora A, Stańczykiewicz B, Bugla-Płoskońska G, Wojnicz D. Benefits of Usage of Immobilized Silver Nanoparticles as Pseudomonas aeruginosa Antibiofilm Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:284. [PMID: 35008720 PMCID: PMC8745484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the beneficial inhibitory effect of silver nanoparticles immobilized on SiO2 or TiO2 on biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa-one of the most dangerous pathogens isolated from urine and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients hospitalized in intensive care units. Pure and silver doped nanoparticles of SiO2 and TiO2 were prepared using a novel modified sol-gel method. Ten clinical strains of P. aeruginosa and the reference PAO1 strain were used. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the broth microdilution method. The minimal biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) and biofilm formation were assessed by colorimetric assay. Bacterial enumeration was used to assess the viability of bacteria in the biofilm. Silver nanoparticles immobilized on the SiO2 and TiO2 indicated high antibacterial efficacy against P. aeruginosa planktonic and biofilm cultures. TiO2/Ag0 showed a better bactericidal effect than SiO2/Ag0. Our results indicate that the inorganic compounds (SiO2, TiO2) after nanotechnological modification may be successfully used as antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Korzekwa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, 50-137 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (G.B.-P.)
| | - Anna Kędziora
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, 50-137 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (G.B.-P.)
| | | | - Gabriela Bugla-Płoskońska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, 50-137 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (G.B.-P.)
| | - Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
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Tichaczek-Goska D, Gleńsk M, Wojnicz D. The Enhancement of the Photodynamic Therapy and Ciprofloxacin Activity against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains by Polypodium vulgare Rhizome Aqueous Extract. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10121544. [PMID: 34959499 PMCID: PMC8704307 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10121544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic therapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are commonly used to treat bacterial infections. Unfortunately, these methods are often ineffective. Therefore, agents that could effectively support antibiotic therapy and PDT in the inactivation of pathogens are being sought. Phytotherapy seems to be a good solution. The aim of the current research was to examine whether Polypodium vulgare extract (PvE) would improve the effectiveness of PDT and ciprofloxacin (CIP), an antibiotic that is commonly used to treat urinary tract infections in humans. UHPLC-MS analysis was performed to establish the PvE content. Chlorin e6 has been used as a photosensitizer in the PDT method. Biofilm production was established using the spectrophotometric method. The live cell count in planktonic and biofilm consortia was determined with the microdilution method and DAPI staining. The decrease of the bacterial survival, biofilm mass synthesis, and morphological changes of the bacteria under the combined treatments: PDT+PvE and CIP+PvE was noted. The results clearly indicate that the PvE can be used as a good agent for improving the efficacy of both PDT and the CIP activity to inactivate uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. The obtained results are of particular value in the era of widespread and still-increasing drug resistance among bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Tichaczek-Goska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Michał Gleńsk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-784-15-18
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Jama-Kmiecik A, Sarowska J, Wojnicz D, Choroszy-Król I, Frej-Mądrzak M. Natural Products and Their Potential Anti-HAV Activity. Pathogens 2021; 10:1095. [PMID: 34578128 PMCID: PMC8469781 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of purified natural products in the prevention and treatment of countless diseases of bacterial, fungal, and viral origin cannot be overestimated. New antiviral drugs have been obtained from natural sources and transformed into preparations for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes. Flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, proanthocyanins, polysaccharides, organic acids, proteins, polypeptides, and essential oils derived from plants, animals, or microorganisms can control and combat foodborne viral infections, including hepatitis A. The components of essential oils are characterized by numerous therapeutic and antioxidant properties and exhibit a broad spectrum of antimicrobial and antiviral activity. Due to these properties, they can be used to preserve meat, fruit, vegetables, and their products. Over the past two decades, much effort has been made to identify natural products, mostly of plant origin, to combat foodborne viruses. Natural plant extracts have several potential uses, not limited to increasing the safety of food products and improving their quality, but also as natural antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Jama-Kmiecik
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.J.-K.); (J.S.); (I.C.-K.)
| | - Jolanta Sarowska
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.J.-K.); (J.S.); (I.C.-K.)
| | - Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Irena Choroszy-Król
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.J.-K.); (J.S.); (I.C.-K.)
| | - Magdalena Frej-Mądrzak
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.J.-K.); (J.S.); (I.C.-K.)
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Sarowska J, Wojnicz D, Jama-Kmiecik A, Frej-Mądrzak M, Choroszy-Król I. Antiviral Potential of Plants against Noroviruses. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154669. [PMID: 34361822 PMCID: PMC8347075 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human noroviruses, which belong to the enterovirus family, are one of the most common etiological agents of food-borne diseases. In recent years, intensive research has been carried out regarding the antiviral activity of plant metabolites that could be used for the preservation of fresh food, because they are safer for consumption when compared to synthetic chemicals. Plant preparations with proven antimicrobial activity differ in their chemical compositions, which significantly affects their biological activity. Our review aimed to present the results of research related to the characteristics, applicability, and mechanisms of the action of various plant-based preparations and metabolites against norovirus. New strategies to combat intestinal viruses are necessary, not only to ensure food safety and reduce infections in humans but also to lower the direct health costs associated with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Sarowska
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.S.); (A.J.-K.); (M.F.-M.); (I.C.-K.)
| | - Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-717-841-512
| | - Agnieszka Jama-Kmiecik
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.S.); (A.J.-K.); (M.F.-M.); (I.C.-K.)
| | - Magdalena Frej-Mądrzak
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.S.); (A.J.-K.); (M.F.-M.); (I.C.-K.)
| | - Irena Choroszy-Król
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.S.); (A.J.-K.); (M.F.-M.); (I.C.-K.)
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Ślusarczyk S, Cieślak A, Yanza YR, Szumacher-Strabel M, Varadyova Z, Stafiniak M, Wojnicz D, Matkowski A. Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activities of Coleus amboinicus Lour. Cultivated in Indonesia and Poland. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102915. [PMID: 34068950 PMCID: PMC8156032 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coleus amboinicus Lour., Lamiaceae, is a perennial herb that is native to Indonesia and also cultivated in Africa, Asia and Australia. The major phytochemicals responsible for its bioactivity are rosmarinic acid (RA) and its analogues, flavonoids and abietane diterpenoids. The possibility of cultivation in a colder climate would extend the use of this herb and provide new opportunities to herb growers and livestock farmers. Our study to compare feed value and phytochemical composition of C. amboinicus plants cultivated in its original region, Indonesia, and in Poland. The crude protein content was significantly higher in plants cultivated in Indonesia compared to those cultivated in Poland—21% and 13% of dry matter, respectively. The higher ADF contents were detected in C. amboinicus cultivated in Indonesia, 38–41%, in comparison to 34% in plants cultivated in Poland. The phytochemical composition was also significantly influenced by the cultivation location. Polish samples were higher in polyphenols (RA and its analogues), and also had 1.5–2-fold higher antioxidant potential, as measured by DPPH scavenging, phosphomolybdenum reduction and Fenton reaction driven lipid peroxidation. The Indonesian samples contained more diterpenoid compounds, such as dihydroxyroyleanone, and the sum of terpenoids was ca. 10 times higher than in samples from Poland (15.59–23.64 vs. 1.87 µg/g of extracts). In conclusion, C. amboinicus is suitable for cultivation in non-optimal climatic conditions but some nutritional properties and bioactivity are significantly affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwester Ślusarczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (S.Ś.); (A.M.); Tel.: +48-71-7840502 (S.Ś.)
| | - Adam Cieślak
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (A.C.); (Y.R.Y.); (M.S.-S.)
| | - Yulianri Rizki Yanza
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (A.C.); (Y.R.Y.); (M.S.-S.)
| | - Małgorzata Szumacher-Strabel
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (A.C.); (Y.R.Y.); (M.S.-S.)
| | - Zora Varadyova
- Centre of Biosciences of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Marta Stafiniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Adam Matkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-601 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (S.Ś.); (A.M.); Tel.: +48-71-7840502 (S.Ś.)
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Wojnicz D, Tichaczek-Goska D, Gleńsk M, Hendrich AB. Is it Worth Combining Solidago virgaurea Extract and Antibiotics against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli rods? An In Vitro Model Study. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040573. [PMID: 33920649 PMCID: PMC8073685 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
European goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea L.) has long been applied in traditional medicine and recommended in the prophylaxis of urinary tract infections (UTIs). However, research describing the antibacterial properties of goldenrod is very limited. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the effect of S. virgaurea extract on the survival and biofilm formation of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The interactions between the goldenrod extract and antibiotics used in UTIs were established. The influence of the extract on the duration of the post-antibiotic effects (PAE) and post-antibiotic sub-MIC effects (PASME) of amikacin and ciprofloxacin were determined. Extract composition was analyzed using coupled UHPLC/MS and the spectrophotometric method. The survival of bacteria was established using the serial dilution assay. The crystal violet assay for biofilm quantification was also used. PAE and PASME were investigated using the viable count method. The obtained results indicate that S. virgaurea extract limits the survival of planktonic forms of bacteria and reduces 24-h biofilm. However, the combination of S. virgaurea extract with antibiotics weakens their antibacterial activity and shortens the duration of PAE and PASME. Therefore, when deciding to use a combination of S. virgaurea extract and amikacin/ciprofloxacin, it is necessary to take into account their antagonistic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; (D.W.); (A.B.H.)
| | - Dorota Tichaczek-Goska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; (D.W.); (A.B.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-717-841-523
| | - Michał Gleńsk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Andrzej B. Hendrich
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; (D.W.); (A.B.H.)
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Hendrich AB, Strugała P, Dudra A, Kucharska AZ, Sokół-Łętowska A, Wojnicz D, Cisowska A, Sroka Z, Gabrielska J. Microbiological, antioxidant and lipoxygenase-1 inhibitory activities of fruit extracts of chosen Rosaceae family species. ADV CLIN EXP MED 2020; 29:215-224. [PMID: 32073762 DOI: 10.17219/acem/115086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracts from the Rosaceae family fruits are rich in natural, biologically active polyphenols, but their antibacterial properties are still poorly understood. Therefore, we focused our research on their activity against uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. This research also concerned the proof of their ability to reduce oxidative stress and modulate the activity of lipoxygenase-1 (LOX-1). It is well-known that plants represent a source of bioactive compounds whose antioxidant activity may be useful in protecting against oxidative damage in cells, which have been linked to the pathogenesis of many oxidative diseases. OBJECTIVES The study determined the biological activity of methanol (ME) and water (WE) extracts rich in polyphenols from the hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.), dog rose (Rosa canina L.), quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.), and Japanese quince (Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai). MATERIAL AND METHODS The antioxidant capacity was evaluated using 1,1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH▪) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+▪) radical scavenging methods. The inhibition of liposome membrane oxidation was studied using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay. Lipoxygenase-1 inhibitory activity was measured using the spectrophotometric method. Bacterial growth was determined by evaluating the number of colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). Hydrophobicity was established with salt aggregation hydrophobicity test (SAT). Swimming and swarming motilities were evaluated using soft-agar plates. Production of curli fimbriae was estimated on CFA agar. The P fimbriae were detected using the hemagglutination of erythrocytes. Adhesion of bacteria to human uroepithelial cells was assessed. The amount of biofilm was determined spectrophotometrically. RESULTS We showed that most of these extracts are effective antioxidants and free radical scavengers, possess reasonable potential anti-inflammatory activity, reduce the adhesion of E. coli to uroepithelial cells, and reduce the ability of these bacteria to form biofilm. CONCLUSIONS The extracts examined, showing very promising biological properties, seem to be able to join the list of substances that can be used as dietary supplements aimed at preventing, for example, urinary tract infections, or as support of drug treatment in many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej B Hendrich
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Paulina Strugała
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
| | - Anna Dudra
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
| | - Alicja Z Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
| | - Anna Sokół-Łętowska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
| | - Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Cisowska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Sroka
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Janina Gabrielska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Asiatic (AA) and ursolic (UA) acids are widely studied phytochemicals, but their antimicrobial properties are still poorly understood. Therefore our research has focused on their activity against uropathogenic Enterococcus faecalis strains. OBJECTIVES The aim of this research was to determine the influence of AA and UA on the growth, cell morphology, virulence factors and biofilm formation by E. faecalis strains. MATERIAL AND METHODS AA and UA were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. E. faecalis strains were isolated from the urine samples of patients with urinary tract infections. The strains were checked for the presence of virulence genes using the PCR method. Their antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the disc diffusion method. The MICs of triterpenes were determined using the broth microdilution method. The hydrophobicity of cells was established by salt aggregation test. Lipase and lecithinase activities were determined by using an agar medium containing egg yolk emulsion. DNase agar was used for the detection of DNase synthesis. Hemolytic activity was established using a sheep-blood agar. Todd-Hewitt agar medium containing gelatin was used for determination of gelatinase activity. The anti-biofilm activity of asiatic acid and ursolic acid was tested on polystyrene microtiter plates. It was examined using time-kill and biofilm assays. RESULTS Reduction of growth and enzyme synthesis after exposure of E. faecalis to the acids was observed. None of the acids changed the hydrophobicity of bacteria. Stronger anti-biofilm activity was observed when the bacteria were incubated with AA. Thus, reduction of both the survival and the virulence factors will make bacteria less infectious. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results obtained, we can assume that the triterpenes investigated should be considered natural components of a human diet rather than as antibacterial agents used on their own.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | | | - Kamila Korzekwa
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Kicia
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Andrzej Hendrich
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
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Wojnicz D, Tichaczek-Goska D, Korzekwa K, Kicia M, Hendrich AB. Study of the impact of cranberry extract on the virulence factors and biofilm formation by Enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from urinary tract infections. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 67:1005-16. [PMID: 27456160 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1211996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Drinking of cranberry fruit juice and application of commercial preparations containing the cranberry extracts are recommended in the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially in women with recurrent UTIs. Many studies focus on the activity of cranberries against uropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains. However, the knowledge of the cranberry effect on Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is limited. Therefore, the aim of our study was to establish the activity of commercial concentrated cranberry extract on the growth, virulence factors and biofilm formation of E. faecalis strains isolated from urine. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of cranberry extract were determined by the broth microdilution method. Disc diffusion method was used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility. The impact of cranberry extract on bacterial survival, hydrophobicity, synthesis of lipase, lecithinase, DNase, hemolysin, gelatinase and biofilm mass was determined. Results show that cranberry extract inhibits the growth, enzymatic activities of bacteria and limits biofilm formation. The antibacterial activities of the studied cranberry extract confirm that it could be successfully used in prevention of UTIs caused by E. faecalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wojnicz
- a Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Dorota Tichaczek-Goska
- a Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Kamila Korzekwa
- b Department of Microbiology , Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Marta Kicia
- a Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Andrzej B Hendrich
- a Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland
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Strugala P, Dudra A, Kucharska AZ, Sokół-Łętowska A, Wojnicz D, Cisowska A, Walkowski S, Sroka Z, Gabrielska J, Hendrich AB. Biological Activity of the Methanol and Water Extracts of the Fruits of Anthocyanin-Rich Plants Grown in South-West Poland. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we focused on the chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of methanol and water extracts of fruits of six species grown in south-west Poland: blackberry, blackcurrant, chokeberry, cherry, gooseberry and raspberry. No general correlation could be drawn between extract chemical properties (i.e. antioxidant and free radical scavenging) and observed biological effects. However, blackcurrant and blackberry extracts (both methanol and water) appeared to be good antioxidants and free radical scavengers, as well as effective inhibitors of E. coli adhesion to the uroepithelial cells. On the other hand, the poorest antioxidants and free radical scavengers, cherry and gooseberry extracts, also poorly affected bacterial growth, swimming ability and adhesion to epithelial cells. Surprisingly, gooseberry extracts, which showed generally weak effects, appeared to be the most effective inhibitor of bacterial biofilm formation. Additionally, most of the studied extracts showed reasonably strong anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Strugala
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw
| | - Anna Dudra
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw
| | - Alicja Z. Kucharska
- Department of Fruit and Vegetables and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chelmonskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław
| | - Anna Sokół-Łętowska
- Department of Fruit and Vegetables and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chelmonskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław
| | - Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, ul. J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-345 Wrocław
| | - Agnieszka Cisowska
- Department of Medical Biology and Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, ul. J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-345 Wrocław
| | - Stefan Walkowski
- Department of Medical Biology and Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, ul. J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-345 Wrocław
| | - Zbigniew Sroka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, ul Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Janina Gabrielska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw
| | - Andrzej B. Hendrich
- Department of Medical Biology and Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, ul. J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-345 Wrocław
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Wojnicz D, Tichaczek-Goska D, Kicia M. Pentacyclic triterpenes combined with ciprofloxacin help to eradicate the biofilm formed in vitro by Escherichia coli. Indian J Med Res 2015; 141:343-53. [PMID: 25963496 PMCID: PMC4442333 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.156631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Ciprofloxacin is commonly used in clinical practice for the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli. However, very often these recurrent infections are due to a failure in a complete eradication of the microorganisms colonizing the urinary tract, especially in catheterized patients. To enhance the bactericidal activity of ciprofloxacin against biofilm-forming uropathogenic E. coli (UPECs), we examined its effect in combination with two pentacyclic triterpenes - asiatic and ursolic acids. METHODS The anti-biofilm activity of ciprofloxacin and pentacyclic triterpenes - asiatic acid (AA) and ursolic acid (UA), as well as their synergistic effect were tested on two types of surfaces - polystyrene microtiter plates and silicone catheters. It was investigated using the time-killing and biofilm assays. RESULTS a0 nti-biofilm activity of ciprofloxacin was not observed on microtiter plates or on the catheters. Ciprofloxacin combined with ursolic acid inhibited the biofilm formation on microtitre plates. This mixture, however, did not express such a strong activity against the synthesis of biofilm on the surface of catheters. Ciprofloxacin combined with asiatic acid had very weak inhibiting effect on the synthesis of biofilm mass on microtitre plates as well as on the catheters. Despite this, both mixtures - ciprofloxacin and asiatic acid, as well as ciprofloxacin and ursolic acid, exhibited strong and significant impact on the eradication of mature biofilm (P < 0.05). INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS Although ciprofloxacin is recommended in the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by UPECs, but its efficacy is arguable. Subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin did not inhibit the formation of biofilm. Pentacyclic triterpenes used in combination with ciprofloxacin enhanced its anti-biofilm effectiveness. However, this anti-biofilm activity was found to depend on the type of surface on which biofilm was formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Biology & Medical Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Tichaczek-Goska
- Department of Biology & Medical Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Kicia
- Department of Biology & Medical Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Strugala P, Dudra A, Kucharska AZ, Sokól-Lętowska A, Wojnicz D, Cisowska A, Walkowski S, Sroka Z, Gabrielska J, Hendrich AB. Biological activity of the methanol and water extracts of the fruits of anthocyanin-rich plants grown in south-west Poland. Nat Prod Commun 2015; 10:467-474. [PMID: 25924531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we focused on the chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of methanol and water extracts of fruits of six species grown in south-west Poland: blackberry, blackcurrant, chokeberry, cherry, gooseberry and raspberry. No general correlation could be drawn between extract chemical properties (i.e. antioxidant and free radical scavenging) and observed biological effects. However, blackcurrant and blackberry extracts (both methanol and water) appeared to be good antioxidants and free radical scavengers, as well as effective inhibitors of E. coli adhesion to the uroepithelial cells. On the other hand, the poorest antioxidants and free radical scavengers, cherry and gooseberry extracts, also poorly affected bacterial growth, swimming ability and adhesion to epithelial cells. Surprisingly, gooseberry extracts, which showed generally weak effects, appearedto be the most effective inhibitor of bacterial biofilm formation. Additionally, most of the studied extracts showed reasonably strong anti-inflammatory properties.
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16
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Wojnicz D, Tichaczek-Goska D. Effect of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin, amikacin and colistin on biofilm formation and virulence factors of Escherichia coli planktonic and biofilm forms isolated from human urine. Braz J Microbiol 2013; 44:259-65. [PMID: 24159313 PMCID: PMC3804207 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of subinhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of ciprofloxacin, amikacin and colistin on biofilm formation, motility, curli fimbriae formation by planktonic and biofilm cells of E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with various urinary system infections. Quantification of biofilm formation was carried out using a microtiter plate assay and a spectrophotometric method. Bacterial enumeration was used to assess the viability of bacteria in the biofilm. Curli expression was determined by using YESCA agar supplemented with congo red. Using motility agar the ability to move was examined. All the antibiotics used at sub-MICs reduced biofilm formation in vitro, decreased the survival of bacteria, but had no effect on the motility of planktonic as well as biofilm cells. The inhibitory effect of sub-MICs of antimicrobial agents on curli fimbriae formation was dependent on the form in which the bacteria occurred, incubation time and antibiotic used. Our results clearly show that all the three antibiotics tested reduce biofilm production, interfere with curli expression but do not influence motility. This study suggests that ciprofloxacin, amikacin and colistin may be useful in the treatment of biofilm-associated infections caused by E. coli strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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17
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Wojnicz D, Kucharska AZ, Sokół-Łętowska A, Kicia M, Tichaczek-Goska D. Medicinal plants extracts affect virulence factors expression and biofilm formation by the uropathogenic Escherichia coli. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 40:683-97. [PMID: 22915095 PMCID: PMC3495101 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-012-0499-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are an important source for the therapeutic remedies of various diseases including urinary tract infections. This prompted us to perform research in this area. We decided to focus on medicinal plants species used in urinary tract infections prevention. The aim of our study was to determine the influence of Betula pendula, Equisetum arvense, Herniaria glabra, Galium odoratum, Urtica dioica, and Vaccinium vitis-idaea extracts on bacterial survival and virulence factors involved in tissue colonization and biofilm formation of the uropathogenic Escherichia coli rods. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of plant extracts were performed. Antimicrobial assay relied on the estimation of the colony forming unit number. Hydrophobicity of cells was established by salt aggregation test. Using motility agar, the ability of bacteria to move was examined. The erythrocyte hemagglutination test was used for fimbriae P screening. Curli expression was determined using YESCA agar supplemented with congo red. Quantification of biofilm formation was carried out using a microtiter plate assay and a spectrophotometric method. The results of the study indicate significant differences between investigated extracts in their antimicrobial activities. The extracts of H. glabra and V. vitis-idaea showed the highest growth-inhibitory effects (p < 0.05). Surface hydrophobicity of autoaggregating E. coli strain changed after exposure to all plant extracts, except V. vitis-idaea (p > 0.05). The B. pendula and U. dioica extracts significantly reduced the motility of the E. coli rods (p < 0.05). All the extracts exhibited the anti-biofilm activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-367, Wrocław, Poland.
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Wojnicz D, Sycz Z, Walkowski S, Gabrielska J, Aleksandra W, Alicja K, Anna SŁ, Hendrich AB. Study on the influence of cranberry extract Żuravit S·O·S(®) on the properties of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains, their ability to form biofilm and its antioxidant properties. Phytomedicine 2012; 19:506-514. [PMID: 22306419 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of cranberries is known to exert positive health effects, especially against urinary tract infections. For this reason, presumably, they are widely used in folk medicine. Different aspects of cranberry phenolics activity were studied in individual papers but complex study in this matter is missing. The aim of the present study is to provide complex data concerning various aspects of cranberry extract activity. We studied the effects of subinhibitory concentrations of commercially available extract (Żuravit S·O·S(®)) against two Escherichia coli strains isolated from urine of patients with pyelonephritis. Additionally the main extract anthocyanins were characterized. The activity of extract against lipid peroxidation and its radical scavenging ability were also assessed. Żuravit S·O·S(®) decreased the hydrophobicity of one of the studied E. coli strains, reduced swimming motility and adhesion to epithelial cells of both studied strains, it also limited the ability of bacteria to form biofilm. Expression of curli was not affected by cranberry extract, the assessment of P fimbriae expression was not reliable due to extract-induced agglutination of erythrocytes. Cranberry extract caused filamentation in both studied E. coli strains. It also showed pronounced antioxidant and radical scavenging properties. The properties of the studied cranberry extract show that it could be effectively used in prevention and/or elimination of urinary tract infections, specially the recurrent ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
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Cisowska A, Wojnicz D, Hendrich AB. Anthocyanins as antimicrobial agents of natural plant origin. Nat Prod Commun 2011; 6:149-156. [PMID: 21366068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are particularly abundant in different fruits, especially in berries. The beneficial effects of these compounds for human health have been known from at least the 16th century. Despite the great number of papers devoted to the different biological effects exerted by anthocyanins only a limited number of studies is focused on the antimicrobial activity of these compounds. Anthocyanin content of berry fruits varies from 7.5 mg/100 mg fresh fruit in redcurrant (Ribes rubum) up to 460 mg/100 g fresh fruit in chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa). After consumption, anthocyanins are intensively metabolized, mainly in the intestines and liver. Glucorination, methylation and sulfation are the most typical metabolic reactions. Antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of plant phenolic compounds against human pathogens has been intensively studied to characterize and develop new healthy food ingredients as well as medical and pharmaceutical products. However, there is very little information available about the antimicrobial activity of the pure anthocyanins. In the last part of this review we present the collection of papers describing the anthocyanin profiles of different fruits (mainly berries) and the antimicrobial properties of the identified compounds. Generally, anthocyanins are active against different microbes, however Gram-positive bacteria usually are more susceptible to the anthocyanin action than Gram-negative ones. Mechanisms underlying anthocyanin activity include both membrane and intracellular interactions of these compounds. Antimicrobial activity of berries and other anthocyanin-containing fruits is likely to be caused by multiple mechanisms and synergies because they contain various compounds including anthocyanins, weak organic acids, phenolic acids, and their mixtures of different chemical forms. Therefore, the antimicrobial effect of chemically complex compounds has to be critically analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Cisowska
- Department of Medical Biology and Parasitology, Wrocław Medical University, ul. J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
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Abstract
Anthocyanins are particularly abundant in different fruits, especially in berries. The beneficial effects of these compounds for human health have been known from at least the 16th century. Despite the great number of papers devoted to the different biological effects exerted by anthocyanins only a limited number of studies is focused on the antimicrobial activity of these compounds. Anthocyanin content of berry fruits varies from 7.5 mg/100 mg fresh fruit in redcurrant ( Ribes rubum) up to 460 mg/100 g fresh fruit in chokeberry ( Aronia melanocarpa). After consumption, anthocyanins are intensively metabolized, mainly in the intestines and liver. Glucorination, methylation and sulfation are the most typical metabolic reactions. Antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of plant phenolic compounds against human pathogens has been intensively studied to characterize and develop new healthy food ingredients as well as medical and pharmaceutical products. However, there is very little information available about the antimicrobial activity of the pure anthocyanins. In the last part of this review we present the collection of papers describing the anthocyanin profiles of different fruits (mainly berries) and the antimicrobial properties of the identified compounds. Generally, anthocyanins are active against different microbes, however Gram-positive bacteria usually are more susceptible to the anthocyanin action than Gram-negative ones. Mechanisms underlying anthocyanin activity include both membrane and intracellular interactions of these compounds. Antimicrobial activity of berries and other anthocyanin-containing fruits is likely to be caused by multiple mechanisms and synergies because they contain various compounds including anthocyanins, weak organic acids, phenolic acids, and their mixtures of different chemical forms. Therefore, the antimicrobial effect of chemically complex compounds has to be critically analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Cisowska
- Department of Medical Biology and Parasitology, Wrocłtaw Medical University, ul. J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-367 Wrocłtaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Parasitology, Wrocłtaw Medical University, ul. J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-367 Wrocłtaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej B. Hendrich
- Department of Medical Biology and Parasitology, Wrocłtaw Medical University, ul. J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-367 Wrocłtaw, Poland
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Wojnicz D, Cisowska A. Composition of the outer membrane proteins of Escherichia coli strains in relation to serum susceptibility after exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of amikacin and ciprofloxacin. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009; 33:579-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2008] [Revised: 12/04/2008] [Accepted: 12/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Korzekwa K, Wojnicz D, Doroszkiewicz W, Jankowski S. [Infectivityand resistance to antibiotics of non-fermentative rods isolated from patients hospitalised in pediatric center of Lower Silesia in Wrocław in the years 2000-2006]. Med Dosw Mikrobiol 2008; 60:101-110. [PMID: 18819446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of isolation and antimicrobial resistance testing of non-fermentative rods isolated from clinical specimens from patients hospitalized in Korczak Pediatric Center of Lower Silesia in Wrocław. The susceptibility of bacteria to selected antibiotics was determined. The commonest pathogens were Pseudomonas rods (81.8%) isolated from respiratory system and urine of patients hospitalized in unit intensive care. Variety of resistance patterns were detected in bacteria. ESBL were detected the most of S. maltophilia. Strains of Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter resistant to carbapenems were detected with a frequency of 5.5% and 35.9%.
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Wojnicz D, Korzekwa K, Cisowska A. [Bactericidal action of human serum against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains with hydrophilic or hydrophobic cell surface]. Med Dosw Mikrobiol 2008; 60:303-309. [PMID: 19382602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains are the prominent nosocomial pathogens, especially dangerous for patients hospitalized in intensive care units. The cell surface hydrophobicity of P. aeruginosa rods and resistance to the bactericidal action of serum are considered as important factors of their virulence. The aim of the study was to evaluate the susceptibility of hydrophilic and hydrophobic P aeruginosa strains to the bactericidal effect of human serum. These strains were isolated from bronchioloalveolar lavage of children with hospital-acquired pneumonia. The BATH test was used to evaluate the hydrophobic properties. Among tested P aeruginosa strains seven had strong hydrophobic properties and eight strains were hydrophilic. The data showed that hydrophobic strains were more frequently serum-resistant than rods with hydrophilic cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wojnicz
- Katedra i Zakład Biologii i Parazytologii Lekarskiej AM we Wrocławiu
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Wojnicz D, Jankowski S. Effects of subinhibitory concentrations of amikacin and ciprofloxacin on the hydrophobicity and adherence to epithelial cells of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007; 29:700-4. [PMID: 17382520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2006] [Revised: 12/08/2006] [Accepted: 01/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of subinhibitory concentrations of amikacin and ciprofloxacin on the hydrophobicity and adherence to uroepithelial cells of Escherichia coli strains was investigated. The hydrophobicity of the tested strains was evaluated by the bacterial adherence to hydrocarbon-xylene test and by the salt aggregation test of ammonium sulphate. The hydrophobic character of strains exposed to 1/2 to 1/8 minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of amikacin and 1/2 to 1/16 MIC of ciprofloxacin was altered to a hydrophilic state. Results of the SAT also correlated with these data. Moreover, comparisons were made between the number of bacteria attached to the epithelial cells before and after exposure to 1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 MIC of antibiotics. The greatest loss of adherence capability occurred at 1/2 MIC of ciprofloxacin. In conclusion, antibiotics are often present at sub-MICs and may still be effective in reducing bacterial virulence by interfering with bacterial cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wojnicz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Medical University of Wroclaw, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Wojnicz D, Korzekwa K, Kakol A, Doroszkiewicz W. [Infectivity and resistance to antibiotics of bacterial strains isolated from patients hospitalised in intensive care units]. Med Dosw Mikrobiol 2007; 59:75-84. [PMID: 17601034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of isolation and antimicrobial resistance testing of bacterial strains isolated from clinical specimens from patients hospitalized in three Intensive Care Units in Wrocław. The susceptibility of bacteria (107 strains) to selected antibiotics was determined. The results clearly show that non-fermentative rods were identified as the main agents causing pneumonia (58% of isolates). The second commonest pathogens were Gram-positive cocci (29%). The P. aeruginosa and E. cloacae strains were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefuroxime and cefotaxime. All isolates of A. baumanii were susceptible only to imipenem. The rods of K. pneumoniae and E. coli were resistant to ampicillin, about 55% strains of both bacteria were sensitive to other antibiotics, except piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem and ciprofloxacin. About 90% of methicillin resistant S. epidermidis strains were resistant to all antibiotics, except vancomycin (100% isolates were sensitive). ESBL were detected among E. cloace, K. pneumoniae and E. coli. We found P. aeruginosa rods producing MBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wojnicz
- Katedra i Zakład Biologii i Parazytologii Lekarskiej AM we Wrocławiu
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Wojnicz D, Bar J, Jankowski S. [The role of membrane glycoproteins CD46, CD55 and CD59 in protection of tumor cells against complement lysis]. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2003; 56:603-16. [PMID: 12587428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Utilization of the complement system offers potential for the elimination of tumor cells by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) immunotherapy. Activation of the complement system causes tumor cell destruction by inducing complement lysis and promoting cell-mediated killing. In addition, complement can induce a strong inflammatory response, which might enhance other antitumor effector mechanisms. An important targets for mAb immunotherapy, however, are membrane bound complement regulatory glycoprotein: CD46, CD55 and CD59, which have been found to be expressed on most tumor cells in vivo and in vitro. Blocking or down regulation of these inhibitors could be an important step in the advancement of mAb immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wojnicz
- Katedra i Zakład Biologii i Parazytologii Lekarskiej Akademii Medycznej we Wrocławiu
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Cisowska A, Lewczyk E, Korzekwa K, Wojnicz D, Jankowski S, Doroszkiewicz W. [Evaluation of sensitivity to antibiotics of microorganisms isolated from children with urinary tract infections]. Pol Merkur Lekarski 2003; 14:322-6. [PMID: 12868193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of etiological factors of urinary tract infections in children and in vitro susceptibility of these strains to antibiotics were evaluated. 1082 strains isolated from 905 samples of urine of children hospitalized in the period of 01.01-31.12.2001 were tested. Among the isolated microorganisms, the most common group was the Enterobacteriaceae family (57.4%) and also very often Gram-positive cocci were isolated (34.2%). The most frequent causative agents of UTI (Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis) were generally sensitive to all used antibiotics, but E. coli rods were resistant to ampicillin. In addition, 23.4% of E. coli were the ESBL-producing strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Cisowska
- Katedra i Zakład Biologii i Parazytologii Lekarskiej Akademii Medycznej we Wrocławiu.
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