1
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Amano S, Hermans TM. Repurposing a Catalytic Cycle for Transient Self-Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:23289-23296. [PMID: 39127918 PMCID: PMC11345760 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Life operates out of equilibrium to enable various sophisticated behaviors. Synthetic chemists have strived to mimic biological nonequilibrium systems in such fields as autonomous molecular machines and dissipative self-assembly. Central to these efforts has been the development of new chemical reaction cycles, which drive systems out of equilibrium by conversion of chemical fuel into waste species. However, the construction of reaction cycles has been challenging due to the difficulty of finding compatible reactions that constitute a cycle. Here, we realize an alternative approach by repurposing a known catalytic cycle as a chemical reaction cycle for driving dissipative self-assembly. This approach can overcome the compatibility problem because all steps involved in a catalytic cycle are already known to proceed concurrently under the same conditions. Our repurposing approach is applicable to diverse combinations of catalytic cycles and systems to drive out of equilibrium, which will substantially broaden the scope of out-of-equilibrium systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Amano
- University
of Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg 67083, France
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2
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Holstein LR, Suematsu NJ, Takeuchi M, Harano K, Banno T, Takai A. Reduction-Induced Self-Propelled Oscillatory Motion of Perylenediimides on Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202410671. [PMID: 39083634 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of macroscopic self-propelled oscillatory motion based on molecular design has attracted continual attention in relation to autonomous systems in living organisms. Herein, a series of perylenediimides (PDIs) with various imide side chains was prepared to explore the impact of molecular design and alignment on the self-propelled motion at the air-water interface. When placed on an aqueous solution containing a reductant, a solid disk of neutral PDI was reduced to form the water-soluble, surface-active PDI dianion species, which induces a surface tension gradient in the vicinity of the disk for self-propelled motion. We found that centimeter-scale oscillatory motion could be elicited by controlling the supply rate of PDI dianion species through the reductant concentration and the structure of the imide side chains. Furthermore, we found that the onset and speed of the self-propelled motion could be changed by the crystallinity of PDI at the water surface. This design principle using π-conjugated molecules and their self-assemblies could advance self-propelled, non-equilibrium systems powered by chemical energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Rae Holstein
- Molecular Design and Function Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko J Suematsu
- School of Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences; Graduate School of Advanced Mathematical Sciences, Meiji Institute for Advanced Study of Mathematical Sciences (MIMS), Meiji University, 4-21-1, Nakano, Tokyo, 164-8525, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- Molecular Design and Function Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Koji Harano
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Taisuke Banno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Atsuro Takai
- Molecular Design and Function Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
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3
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Zhao P, Xu L, Li B, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Cao M, Li G, Weng TC, Wang H, Zheng Y. Non-Equilibrium Assembly of Atomically-Precise Copper Nanoclusters. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311818. [PMID: 38294175 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Accurate structure control in dissipative assemblies (DSAs) is vital for precise biological functions. However, accuracy and functionality of artificial DSAs are far from this objective. Herein, a novel approach is introduced by harnessing complex chemical reaction networks rooted in coordination chemistry to create atomically-precise copper nanoclusters (CuNCs), specifically Cu11(µ9-Cl)(µ3-Cl)3L6Cl (L = 4-methyl-piperazine-1-carbodithioate). Cu(I)-ligand ratio change and dynamic Cu(I)-Cu(I) metallophilic/coordination interactions enable the reorganization of CuNCs into metastable CuL2, finally converting into equilibrium [CuL·Y]Cl (Y = MeCN/H2O) via Cu(I) oxidation/reorganization and ligand exchange process. Upon adding ascorbic acid (AA), the system goes further dissipative cycles. It is observed that the encapsulated/bridging halide ions exert subtle influence on the optical properties of CuNCs and topological changes of polymeric networks when integrating CuNCs as crosslink sites. CuNCs duration/switch period could be controlled by varying the ions, AA concentration, O2 pressure and pH. Cu(I)-Cu(I) metallophilic and coordination interactions provide a versatile toolbox for designing delicate life-like materials, paving the way for DSAs with precise structures and functionalities. Furthermore, CuNCs can be employed as modular units within polymers for materials mechanics or functionalization studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Linjie Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Bohan Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yingshuai Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Minghui Cao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Guoqi Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Yijun Zheng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
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4
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Su B, Chi T, Chen W, Xian S, Liu D, Addonizio CJ, Xiang Y, Webber MJ. Using a biocatalyzed reaction cycle for transient and pH-dependent host-guest supramolecular hydrogels. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4666-4672. [PMID: 38647183 PMCID: PMC11095629 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00545g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The formation of transient structures plays important roles in biological processes, capturing temporary states of matter through influx of energy or biological reaction networks catalyzed by enzymes. These natural transient structures inspire efforts to mimic this elegant mechanism of structural control in synthetic analogues. Specifically, though traditional supramolecular materials are designed on the basis of equilibrium formation, recent efforts have explored out-of-equilibrium control of these materials using both direct and indirect mechanisms; the preponderance of such works has been in the area of low molecular weight gelators. Here, a transient supramolecular hydrogel is realized through cucurbit[7]uril host-guest physical crosslinking under indirect control from a biocatalyzed network that regulates and oscillates pH. The duration of transient hydrogel formation, and resulting mechanical properties, are tunable according to the dose of enzyme, substrate, or pH stimulus. This tunability enables control over emergent functions, such as the programmable burst release of encapsulated model macromolecular payloads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Su
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Teng Chi
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Weike Chen
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Sijie Xian
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Dongping Liu
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Christopher J Addonizio
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Yuanhui Xiang
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Matthew J Webber
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
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5
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Li J, Cui Y, Lu YL, Zhang Y, Zhang K, Gu C, Wang K, Liang Y, Liu CS. Programmable supramolecular chirality in non-equilibrium systems affording a multistate chiroptical switch. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5030. [PMID: 37596287 PMCID: PMC10439165 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic regulation of supramolecular chirality in non-equilibrium systems can provide valuable insights into molecular self-assembly in living systems. Herein, we demonstrate the use of chemical fuels for regulating self-assembly pathway, which thereby controls the supramolecular chirality of assembly in non-equilibrium systems. Depending on the nature of different fuel acids, the system shows pathway-dependent non-equilibrium self-assembly, resulting in either dynamic self-assembly with transient supramolecular chirality or kinetically trapped self-assembly with inverse supramolecular chirality. More importantly, successive conducting of chemical-fueled process and thermal annealing process allows for the sequential programmability of the supramolecular chirality between four different chiral hydrogels, affording a new example of a multistate supramolecular chiroptical switch that can be recycled multiple times. The current finding sheds new light on the design of future supramolecular chiral materials, offering access to alternative self-assembly pathways and kinetically controlled non-equilibrium states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yihan Cui
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yi-Lin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Kaihuang Zhang
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chaonan Gu
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Kaifang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yujia Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chun-Sen Liu
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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6
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Abstract
Dissipative behaviors in biology are fuel-driven processes controlled by living cells, and they shape the structural and functional complexities in biological materials. This concept has inspired the development of various forms of synthetic dissipative materials controlled by time-dependent consumption of chemical or physical fuels, such as reactive chemical species, light, and electricity. To date, synthetic living materials featuring dissipative behaviors directly controlled by the fuel consumption of their constituent cells is unprecedented. In this paper, we report a chemical fuel-driven dissipative behavior of living materials comprising Staphylococcus epidermidis and telechelic block copolymers. The macroscopic phase transition is controlled by d-glucose which serves a dual role of a competitive disassembling agent and a biological fuel source for living cells. Our work is a significant step toward constructing a synthetic dissipative living system and provides a new tool and knowledge to design emergent living materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuna Jo
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Serxho Selmani
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Zhibin Guan
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Seunghyun Sim
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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7
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Chen C, Valera JS, Adachi TBM, Hermans TM. Efficient Photoredox Cycles to Control Perylenediimide Self-Assembly. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202849. [PMID: 36112270 PMCID: PMC10098730 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoreduction of perylenediimide (PDI) derivatives has been widely studied for use in photocatalysis, hydrogen evolution, photo-responsive gels, and organic semiconductors. Upon light irradiation, the radical anion (PDI⋅- ) can readily be obtained, whereas further reduction to the dianion (PDI2- ) is rare. Here we show that full 2-electron photoreduction can be achieved using UVC light: 1) in anaerobic conditions by 'direct photoreduction' of PDI aggregates, or 2) by 'indirect photoreduction' in aerobic conditions due to acetone ketyl radicals. The latter strategy is also efficient for other dyes, such as naphthalenediimide (NDI) and methylviologen (MV2+ ). Efficient photoreduction on the minute time-scale using simple LED light in aerobic conditions is attractive for use in dissipative light-driven systems and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Chen
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7140, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jorge S Valera
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7140, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Takuji B M Adachi
- Department of Physical chemistry Sciences II, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M Hermans
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7140, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France
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8
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Spatiotemporal segregation of chiral supramolecular polymers. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Hossain MM, Jayalath IM, Baral R, Hartley CS. Carbodiimide‐Induced Formation of Transient Polyether Cages**. CHEMSYSTEMSCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/syst.202200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Isuru M. Jayalath
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA
| | - Renuka Baral
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA
| | - C. Scott Hartley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA
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10
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Tan M, Takeuchi M, Takai A. Spatiotemporal dynamics of supramolecular polymers by in situ quantitative catalyst-free hydroamination. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4413-4423. [PMID: 35509456 PMCID: PMC9006958 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00035k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Implementing chemical reactivity into synthetic supramolecular polymers based on π-conjugated molecules has been of great interest to create functional materials with spatiotemporal dynamic properties. However, the development of an in situ chemical reaction within supramolecular polymers is still in its infancy, because one needs to design optimal π-conjugated monomers having excellent reactivity under mild conditions possibly without byproducts or a catalyst. Herein we report the synthesis of a supramolecular polymer based on ethynyl core-substituted naphthalenediimide (S-NDI2) molecules that react with various amines quantitatively in a nonpolar solvent, without a catalyst, at 298 K. Most interestingly, the in situ reaction of the S-NDI2 supramolecular polymer with a linear aliphatic diamine proceeded much faster than the homogeneous reaction of a monomeric naphthalenediimide with the same diamine, affording diamine-linked S-NDI2 oligomers and polymers. The acceleration of in situ hydroamination was presumably due to rapid intra-supramolecular cross-linking between ethynyl and amino groups fixed in close proximity within the supramolecular polymer. Such intra-supramolecular cross-linking did not occur efficiently with an incompatible diamine. The systematic kinetic studies of in situ catalyst-free hydroamination within supramolecular polymers provide us with a useful, facile and versatile tool kit for designing dynamic supramolecular polymeric materials based on electron-deficient π-conjugated monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Tan
- Molecular Design and Function Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8577 Japan
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- Molecular Design and Function Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8577 Japan
| | - Atsuro Takai
- Molecular Design and Function Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan
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11
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Mukhopadhyay A, Liu K, Paulino V, Olivier JH. Modulating the Conduction Band Energies of Si Electrode Interfaces Functionalized with Monolayers of a Bay-Substituted Perylene Bisimide. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4266-4275. [PMID: 35353503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The confinement of π-conjugated chromophores on silicon (Si) electrode surfaces is a powerful approach to engineer electroresponsive monolayers relevant to microelectronics, electrocatalysis, and information storage and processing. While common strategies to functionalize Si interfaces exploit molecularly dissolved building blocks, only a handful number of studies have leveraged the structure-function relationships of π-aggregates to tune the electronic structures of hybrid monolayers at Si interfaces. Herein, we show that the semiconducting properties of n-type monolayers constructed on Si electrodes are intimately correlated to the initial aggregation state of π-conjugated chromophore precursors derived from bay-substituted perylene bisimide (PBI) units. Specifically, our study unravels that for n-type monolayers engineered using PBI π-aggregates, the cathodic reduction potentials required to inject negative charge carriers into the conduction bands can be stabilized by 295 mV through reversible switching of the maximum anodic potential (MAP) that is applied during the oxidative cycles (+0.5 or +1.5 V vs Ag/AgCl). This redox-assisted stabilization effect is not observed with n-type monolayers derived from molecularly dissolved PBI cores and monolayers featuring a low surface density of the redox-active probes. These findings unequivocally point to the crucial role played by PBI π-aggregates in modulating the conduction band energies of n-type monolayers where a high MAP of +1.5 V enables the formation of electronic trap states that facilitate electron injection when sweeping back to cathodic potentials. Because the structure-function relationships of PBI π-aggregates are shown to modulate the semiconducting properties of hybrid n-type monolayers constructed at Si interfaces, our results hold promising opportunities to develop redox-switchable monolayers for engineering nonvolatile electronic memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Cox Science Center, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Kaixuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Cox Science Center, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Victor Paulino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Cox Science Center, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Jean-Hubert Olivier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Cox Science Center, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
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12
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Das S, Das T, Das P, Das D. Controlling the lifetime of cucurbit[8]uril based self-abolishing nanozymes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4050-4057. [PMID: 35440999 PMCID: PMC8985584 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc07203j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature has evolved a unique mechanism of self-regulatory feedback loops that help in maintaining an internal cellular environment conducive to growth, healing and metabolism. In biology, enzymes display feedback controlled switchable behaviour to upregulate/downregulate the generation of metabolites as per the need of the cells. To mimic the self-inhibitory nature of certain biological enzymes under laboratory settings, herein, we present a cucurbit[8]uril based pH responsive supramolecular peptide amphiphile (SPA) that assembles into hydrolase mimetic vesicular nanozymes upon addition of alkaline TRIS buffer (activator) but disintegrates gradually owing to the catalytic generation of acidic byproducts (deactivator). The lifetime of these nanozymes could be manipulated in multiple ways, either by varying the amount of catalytic groups on the surface of the vesicles, by changing the acid generating substrate, or by changing the ratio between the activator and the substrate. The self-inhibitory nanozymes displayed highly tunable lifetimes ranging from minutes to hours, controlled and in situ generation of deactivating agents and efficient reproducibility across multiple pH cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Assam 781039 India
| | - Tanushree Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Assam 781039 India
| | - Priyam Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Assam 781039 India
| | - Debapratim Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Assam 781039 India
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13
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Meng J, Zhang Y, Pan L, Chen J. Dynamic Control of Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Conjugated Alkenes in Water by Reactions. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:4677-4682. [PMID: 35155959 PMCID: PMC8829865 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nature sets a great example of how to precisely control self-assembly to obtain distinct structures upon external stimuli and perform specific functions to sustain important biological tasks. In the present study, we report the design and control of self-assembly of an amphiphilic conjugated alkene in water. The morphologies of the self-assembled structures are highly dependent on the anions. The hydrophilic tosylate group can trigger the formation of nanotubes, while the less-hydrophilic inorganic bromide generates vesicles. The interchange of the two different structures can be controlled by employing different anions combined with a couple of reactions that act as signals. The result shown here provides an important tool for manipulating self-assembled behaviors in water and paves the way toward more complex systems.
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14
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Schwarz PS, Tena-Solsona M, Dai K, Boekhoven J. Carbodiimide-fueled catalytic reaction cycles to regulate supramolecular processes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1284-1297. [PMID: 35014639 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06428b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Using molecular self-assembly, supramolecular chemists can create Gigadalton-structures with angstrom precision held together by non-covalent interactions. However, despite relying on the same molecular toolbox for self-assembly, these synthetic structures lack the complexity and sophistication of biological assemblies. Those assemblies are non-equilibrium structures that rely on the constant consumption of energy transduced from the hydrolysis of chemical fuels like ATP and GTP, which endows them with dynamic properties, e.g., temporal and spatial control and self-healing ability. Thus, to synthesize life-like materials, we have to find a reaction cycle that converts chemical energy to regulate self-assembly. We and others recently found that this can be done by a reaction cycle that hydrates carbodiimides. This feature article aims to provide an overview of how the energy transduced from carbodiimide hydration can alter the function of molecules and regulate molecular assemblies. The goal is to offer the reader design considerations for carbodiimide-driven reaction cycles to create a desired morphology or function of the assembly and ultimately to push chemically fueled self-assembly further towards the bottom-up synthesis of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Marta Tena-Solsona
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Kun Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany. .,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 2a, 85748, Garching, Germany
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15
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Li C, Ok M, Choi H, Jung JH. Metallosupramolecular polymers formed with silver(i) ions in aqueous solution. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05146f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymers of a terpyridine-based ligand (L) at three different concentrations of AgNO3 (0, 0.5, and 1.0 equiv.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxing Li
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Mirae Ok
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyoung Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
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16
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Dai K, Tena-Solsona M, Rodon Fores J, Bergmann AM, Boekhoven J. Morphological transitions in chemically fueled self-assembly. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:19864-19869. [PMID: 34825692 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04954b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In chemically fueled self-assembly, a reaction cycle activates and deactivates molecules for self-assembly. The resulting assembly is dynamic and should be endowed with unique behavior in this kinetically controlled regime. Recent works have mainly focused on design rules for the activation of molecules for self-assembly, thereby assuming that disassembly upon deactivation inherently follows. However, that is not always the case. This work shows a family of peptides that assemble into colloids regulated through a chemical reaction cycle. Despite their similarity in assembly, we find that they follow a different disassembly pathway upon deactivation. The colloids from several peptides completely disassemble as fuel depletes while others transition into fibers. Our findings demonstrate that assembly and disassembly should be taken into account in chemically fueled self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Marta Tena-Solsona
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Jennifer Rodon Fores
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Alexander M Bergmann
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
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17
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Dodo OJ, Petit L, Rajawasam CWH, Hartley CS, Konkolewicz D. Tailoring Lifetimes and Properties of Carbodiimide-Fueled Covalently Cross-linked Polymer Networks. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Obed J. Dodo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St., Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Leilah Petit
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St., Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Chamoni W. H. Rajawasam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St., Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - C. Scott Hartley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St., Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Dominik Konkolewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St., Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
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18
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Khodaverdi M, Hossain MS, Zhang Z, Martino RP, Nehls CW, Mozhdehi D. Pathway‐Selection for Programmable Assembly of Genetically Encoded Amphiphiles by Thermal Processing. CHEMSYSTEMSCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/syst.202100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Khodaverdi
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Robert P. Martino
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Connor W. Nehls
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Davoud Mozhdehi
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
- BioInspired Syracuse Institute for Material and Living Systems Syracuse University Syracuse NY 13244 USA
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19
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Bian T, Gardin A, Gemen J, Houben L, Perego C, Lee B, Elad N, Chu Z, Pavan GM, Klajn R. Electrostatic co-assembly of nanoparticles with oppositely charged small molecules into static and dynamic superstructures. Nat Chem 2021; 13:940-949. [PMID: 34489564 PMCID: PMC7611764 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00752-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Coulombic interactions can be used to assemble charged nanoparticles into higher-order structures, but the process requires oppositely charged partners that are similarly sized. The ability to mediate the assembly of such charged nanoparticles using structurally simple small molecules would greatly facilitate the fabrication of nanostructured materials and harnessing their applications in catalysis, sensing and photonics. Here we show that small molecules with as few as three electric charges can effectively induce attractive interactions between oppositely charged nanoparticles in water. These interactions can guide the assembly of charged nanoparticles into colloidal crystals of a quality previously only thought to result from their co-crystallization with oppositely charged nanoparticles of a similar size. Transient nanoparticle assemblies can be generated using positively charged nanoparticles and multiply charged anions that are enzymatically hydrolysed into mono- and/or dianions. Our findings demonstrate an approach for the facile fabrication, manipulation and further investigation of static and dynamic nanostructured materials in aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Bian
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science,
Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Andrea Gardin
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied
Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerland,Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino,
10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Julius Gemen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science,
Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Lothar Houben
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Claudio Perego
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied
Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerland
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National
Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Nadav Elad
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Zonglin Chu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science,
Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Giovanni M. Pavan
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied
Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerland,Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino,
10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Rafal Klajn
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science,
Rehovot 76100, Israel,
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20
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Amano S, Borsley S, Leigh DA, Sun Z. Chemical engines: driving systems away from equilibrium through catalyst reaction cycles. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:1057-1067. [PMID: 34625723 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00975-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems exhibit a range of complex functions at the micro- and nanoscales under non-equilibrium conditions (for example, transportation and motility, temporal control, information processing and so on). Chemists also employ out-of-equilibrium systems, for example in kinetic selection during catalysis, self-replication, dissipative self-assembly and synthetic molecular machinery, and in the form of chemical oscillators. Key to non-equilibrium behaviour are the mechanisms through which systems are able to extract energy from the chemical reactants ('fuel') that drive such processes. In this Perspective we relate different examples of such powering mechanisms using a common conceptual framework. We discuss how reaction cycles can be coupled to other dynamic processes through positive (acceleration) or negative (inhibition) catalysis to provide the thermodynamic impetus for diverse non-equilibrium behaviour, in effect acting as a 'chemical engine'. We explore the way in which the energy released from reaction cycles is harnessed through kinetic selection in a series of what have sometimes been considered somewhat disparate fields (systems chemistry, molecular machinery, dissipative assembly and chemical oscillators), highlight common mechanistic principles and the potential for the synchronization of chemical reaction cycles, and identify future challenges for the invention and application of non-equilibrium systems. Explicit recognition of the use of fuelling reactions to power structural change in catalysts may stimulate the investigation of known catalytic cycles as potential elements for chemical engines, a currently unexplored area of catalysis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Amano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Stefan Borsley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David A Leigh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhanhu Sun
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Howlett M, Scanes RJH, Fletcher SP. Selection between Competing Self-Reproducing Lipids: Succession and Dynamic Activation. JACS AU 2021; 1:1355-1361. [PMID: 34604845 PMCID: PMC8479773 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Models of chemical evolution are central to advancing origins of life research. To design more lifelike systems, we must expand our understanding of molecular selection mechanisms. Here, we show two selection modes that produce evolving populations of self-reproducing species, formed through thiol-disulfide exchange. Competition between thiol precursors can give clear succession patterns based on steric factors, an intrinsic property. A separate, emergent selection mechanism-dynamic activating metathesis-was found when exploring competing disulfide precursors. These experiments reveal that additional species generated in the mixture open up alternative reaction pathways to form self-reproducing products. Thus, increased compositional complexity provides certain species with a unique competitive advantage at the expense of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael
G. Howlett
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. H. Scanes
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P. Fletcher
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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22
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Das K, Gabrielli L, Prins LJ. Chemically Fueled Self-Assembly in Biology and Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20120-20143. [PMID: 33704885 PMCID: PMC8453758 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Life is a non-equilibrium state of matter maintained at the expense of energy. Nature uses predominantly chemical energy stored in thermodynamically activated, but kinetically stable, molecules. These high-energy molecules are exploited for the synthesis of other biomolecules, for the activation of biological machinery such as pumps and motors, and for the maintenance of structural order. Knowledge of how chemical energy is transferred to biochemical processes is essential for the development of artificial systems with life-like processes. Here, we discuss how chemical energy can be used to control the structural organization of organic molecules. Four different strategies have been identified according to a distinguishable physical-organic basis. For each class, one example from biology and one from chemistry are discussed in detail to illustrate the practical implementation of each concept and the distinct opportunities they offer. Specific attention is paid to the discussion of chemically fueled non-equilibrium self-assembly. We discuss the meaning of non-equilibrium self-assembly, its kinetic origin, and strategies to develop synthetic non-equilibrium systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences|University of PadovaVia Marzolo 135131PadovaItaly
| | - Luca Gabrielli
- Department of Chemical Sciences|University of PadovaVia Marzolo 135131PadovaItaly
| | - Leonard J. Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences|University of PadovaVia Marzolo 135131PadovaItaly
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23
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Marichez V, Sato A, Dunne PA, Leira-Iglesias J, Formon GJM, Schicho MK, de Feijter I, Hébraud P, Bailleul M, Besenius P, Venkatesan M, Coey JMD, Meijer EW, Hermans TM. Magnetic Control over the Fractal Dimension of Supramolecular Rod Networks. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11914-11918. [PMID: 34342435 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Controlling supramolecular polymerization is of fundamental importance to create advanced materials and devices. Here we show that the thermodynamic equilibrium of Gd3+-bearing supramolecular rod networks is shifted reversibly at room temperature in a static magnetic field of up to 2 T. Our approach opens opportunities to control the structure formation of other supramolecular or coordination polymers that contain paramagnetic ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Marichez
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7140, 67083 Strasbourg, France
| | - Akihiro Sato
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7140, 67083 Strasbourg, France
| | - Peter A Dunne
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7140, 67083 Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | - Isja de Feijter
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Hébraud
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Materiaux de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7504, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Matthieu Bailleul
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Materiaux de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7504, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pol Besenius
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - J M D Coey
- School of Physics, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - E W Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas M Hermans
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7140, 67083 Strasbourg, France
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24
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Synthesis and characterization of chemically fueled supramolecular materials driven by carbodiimide-based fuels. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:3901-3932. [PMID: 34194049 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00563-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Many supramolecular materials in biological systems are driven to a nonequilibrium state by the irreversible consumption of high-energy molecules such as ATP or GTP. As a result, they exhibit unique dynamic properties such as a tunable lifetime, adaptivity or the ability to self-heal. In contrast, synthetic counterparts that exist in or close to equilibrium are controlled by thermodynamic parameters and therefore lack these dynamic properties. To mimic biological materials more closely, synthetic self-assembling systems have been developed that are driven out of equilibrium by chemical reactions. This protocol describes the synthesis and characterization of such an assembly, which is driven by carbodiimide fuels. Depending on the amount of chemical fuel added to the material, its lifetime can be tuned. In the first step, the protocol details the synthesis and purification of the peptide-based precursors for the fuel-driven assemblies by solid-phase peptide synthesis. Then, we explain how to analyze the kinetic response of the precursors to a carbodiimide-based chemical fuel by HPLC and kinetic models. Finally, we detail how to study the emerging assembly's macro- and microscopic properties by time-lapse photography, UV-visible spectroscopy, shear rheology, confocal laser scanning microscopy and electron microscopy. The procedure is described using the example of a colloid-forming precursor Fmoc-E-OH and a fiber-forming precursor Fmoc-AAD-OH to emphasize the differences in characterization depending on the type of assembly. The characterization of a precursor's transient assembly can be done within 5 d. The synthesis and purification of a peptide precursor requires 2 d of work.
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25
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Cardona MA, Chen R, Maiti S, Fortunati I, Ferrante C, Gabrielli L, Das K, Prins LJ. Time-gated fluorescence signalling under dissipative conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 56:13979-13982. [PMID: 33079099 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05993e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Precise control over specific functions in the time domain is ubiquitous in biological systems. Here, we demonstrate time-gated fluorescence signalling under dissipative conditions exploiting an ATP-fueled self-assembly process. A temporal ATP-concentration gradient allows the system to pass through three states, among which only the intermediate state generates a fluorescent signal from a hydrophobic dye entrapped in the assemblies. The system can be reactivated by adding a new batch of ATP. The results indicate a strategy to rationally programme the temporal emergence of functions in complex chemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Cardona
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Ilaria Fortunati
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Camilla Ferrante
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Luca Gabrielli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Krishnendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Leonard J Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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26
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Das K, Gabrielli L, Prins LJ. Chemically Fueled Self‐Assembly in Biology and Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Luca Gabrielli
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Leonard J. Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
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27
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Kariyawasam LS, Hossain MM, Hartley CS. The Transient Covalent Bond in Abiotic Nonequilibrium Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C. Scott Hartley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA
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28
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Kariyawasam LS, Hossain MM, Hartley CS. The Transient Covalent Bond in Abiotic Nonequilibrium Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12648-12658. [PMID: 33264456 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical systems accomplish many critical functions with by operating out-of-equilibrium using the energy of chemical fuels. The formation of a transient covalent bond is a simple but very effective tool in designing analogous reaction networks. This Minireview focuses on the fuel chemistries that have been used to generate transient bonds in recent demonstrations of abiotic nonequilibrium systems (i.e., systems that do not make use of biological components). Fuel reactions are divided into two fundamental classifications depending on whether the fuel contributes structural elements to the activated state, a distinction that dictates how they can be used. Reported systems are further categorized by overall fuel reaction (e.g., hydrolysis of alkylating agents, carbodiimide hydration) and illustrate how similar chemistry can be used to effect a wide range of nonequilibrium behavior, ranging from self-assembly to the operation of molecular machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasith S Kariyawasam
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | | | - C Scott Hartley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
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29
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Liu K, Paulino V, Mukhopadhyay A, Bernard B, Kumbhar A, Liu C, Olivier JH. How to reprogram the excitonic properties and solid-state morphologies of π-conjugated supramolecular polymers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:2703-2714. [PMID: 33491689 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04819d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of supramolecular tools to modulate the excitonic properties of non-covalent assemblies paves the way to engineer new classes of semicondcuting materials relevant to flexible electronics. While controlling the assembly pathways of organic chromophores enables the formation of J-like and H-like aggregates, strategies to tailor the excitonic properties of pre-assembled aggregates through post-modification are scarce. In the present contribution, we combine supramolecular chemistry with redox chemistry to modulate the excitonic properties and solid-state morphologies of aggregates built from stacks of water-soluble perylene diimide building blocks. The n-doping of initially formed aggregates in an aqueous medium is shown to produce π-anion stacks for which spectroscopic properties unveil a non-negligible degree of electron-electron interactions. Oxidation of the n-doped intermediates produces metastable aggregates where free exciton bandwidths (ExBW) increase as a function of time. Kinetic data analysis reveals that the dynamic increase of free exciton bandwidth is associated with the formation of superstructures constructed by means of a nucleation-growth mechanism. By designing different redox-assisted assembly pathways, we highlight that the sacrificial electron donor plays a non-innocent role in regulating the structure-function properties of the final superstructures. Furthermore, supramolecular architectures formed via a nucleation-growth mechanism evolve into ribbon-like and fiber-like materials in the solid-state, as characterized by SEM and HRTEM. Through a combination of ground-state electronic absorption spectroscopy, electrochemistry, spectroelectrochemistry, microscopy, and modeling, we show that redox-assisted assembly provides a means to reprogram the structure-function properties of pre-assembled aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | - Victor Paulino
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | - Arindam Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | - Brianna Bernard
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | - Amar Kumbhar
- Chapel Hill Analytical and Nanofabrication Laboratory, Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, 243 Chapman Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | - Jean-Hubert Olivier
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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30
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Tena‐Solsona M, Janssen J, Wanzke C, Schnitter F, Park H, Rieß B, Gibbs JM, Weber CA, Boekhoven J. Accelerated Ripening in Chemically Fueled Emulsions**. CHEMSYSTEMSCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/syst.202000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tena‐Solsona
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstrasse 2a 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Jacqueline Janssen
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Nöthnitzer Strasse 38 01187 Dresden Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden Pfotenhauerstrasse 108 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Caren Wanzke
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Fabian Schnitter
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Hansol Park
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Drive T6G 2G2 Edmonton Canada
| | - Benedikt Rieß
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Julianne M. Gibbs
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Drive T6G 2G2 Edmonton Canada
| | - Christoph A. Weber
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Nöthnitzer Strasse 38 01187 Dresden Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden Pfotenhauerstrasse 108 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstrasse 2a 85748 Garching Germany
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31
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Donau C, Späth F, Sosson M, Kriebisch BAK, Schnitter F, Tena-Solsona M, Kang HS, Salibi E, Sattler M, Mutschler H, Boekhoven J. Active coacervate droplets as a model for membraneless organelles and protocells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5167. [PMID: 33056997 PMCID: PMC7560875 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18815-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Membraneless organelles like stress granules are active liquid-liquid phase-separated droplets that are involved in many intracellular processes. Their active and dynamic behavior is often regulated by ATP-dependent reactions. However, how exactly membraneless organelles control their dynamic composition remains poorly understood. Herein, we present a model for membraneless organelles based on RNA-containing active coacervate droplets regulated by a fuel-driven reaction cycle. These droplets emerge when fuel is present, but decay without. Moreover, we find these droplets can transiently up-concentrate functional RNA which remains in its active folded state inside the droplets. Finally, we show that in their pathway towards decay, these droplets break apart in multiple droplet fragments. Emergence, decay, rapid exchange of building blocks, and functionality are all hallmarks of membrane-less organelles, and we believe that our work could be powerful as a model to study such organelles. Membraneless organelles are liquid-liquid phase-separated droplets whose behaviour can be regulated by chemical reactions, but this process is poorly understood. Here, the authors report model membraneless organelles based on coacervate droplets that show fuel-driven dynamic behaviour and concentrate functional RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Donau
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Fabian Späth
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Marilyne Sosson
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Brigitte A K Kriebisch
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Fabian Schnitter
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Marta Tena-Solsona
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elia Salibi
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Michael Sattler
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hannes Mutschler
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany. .,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748, Garching, Germany.
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Schnitter
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching Germany
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Transient dormant monomer states for supramolecular polymers with low dispersity. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3967. [PMID: 32770122 PMCID: PMC7415150 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17799-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporally controlled cooperative and living supramolecular polymerization by the buffered release of monomers has been recently introduced as an important concept towards obtaining monodisperse and multicomponent self-assembled materials. In synthetic, dynamic supramolecular polymers, this requires efficient design strategies for the dormant, inactive states of the monomers to kinetically retard the otherwise spontaneous nucleation process. However, a generalized design principle for the dormant monomer states to expand the scope of precision supramolecular polymers has not been established yet, due to the enormous differences in the mechanism, energetic parameters of self-assembly and monomer exchange dynamics of the diverse class of supramolecular polymers. Here we report the concept of transient dormant states of monomers generated by redox reactions as a predictive general design to achieve monodisperse supramolecular polymers of electronically active, chromophoric or donor-acceptor, monomers. The concept has been demonstrated with charge-transfer supramolecular polymers with an alternating donor-acceptor sequence. Monodisperse and well-defined self-assembled materials can be obtained by fuel-driven temporally controlled supramolecular polymerization via the buffered release of monomers. Here the authors show that a redox-responsive transient dormant state of monomer generated by redox reaction can lead to supramolecular polymers with low dispersity.
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Liu C, Liu K, Mukhopadhyay A, Paulino V, Bernard B, Olivier JH. Butadiyne-Bridged (Porphinato)Zinc(II) Chromophores Assemble into Free-Standing Nanosheets. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Kaixuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Arindam Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Victor Paulino
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Brianna Bernard
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Jean-Hubert Olivier
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
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Dai K, Fores JR, Wanzke C, Winkeljann B, Bergmann AM, Lieleg O, Boekhoven J. Regulating Chemically Fueled Peptide Assemblies by Molecular Design. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14142-14149. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jennifer Rodon Fores
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Caren Wanzke
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Benjamin Winkeljann
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Alexander M. Bergmann
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Oliver Lieleg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Dhiman S, Ghosh R, Sarkar S, George SJ. Controlled synthesis of organic two-dimensional nanostructures via reaction-driven, cooperative supramolecular polymerization. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12701-12709. [PMID: 34094465 PMCID: PMC8163148 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02670k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The bottom-up approach of supramolecular polymerization is an effective synthetic method for functional organic nanostructures. However, the uncontrolled growth and polydisperse structural outcome often lead to low functional efficiency. Thus, precise control over the structural characteristics of supramolecular polymers is the current scientific hurdle. Research so far has tended to focus on systems with inherent kinetic control by the presence of metastable state monomers either through conformational molecular design or by exploring pathway complexity. The need of the hour is to create generic strategies for dormant states of monomers that can be extended to different molecules and various structural organizations and dimensions. Here we venture to demonstrate chemical reaction-driven cooperative supramolecular polymerization as an alternative strategy for the controlled synthesis of organic two-dimensional nanostructures. In our approach, the dynamic imine bond is exploited to convert a non-assembling dormant monomer to an activated amphiphilic structure in a kinetically controlled manner. The chemical reaction governed retarded nucleation-elongation growth provides control over dispersity and size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Dhiman
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre of Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Rita Ghosh
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre of Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Souvik Sarkar
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre of Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Subi J George
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre of Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
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37
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Del Grosso E, Prins LJ, Ricci F. Transient DNA‐Based Nanostructures Controlled by Redox Inputs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13238-13245. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Del Grosso
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Leonard J. Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padua Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padua Italy
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
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38
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Del Grosso E, Prins LJ, Ricci F. Transient DNA‐Based Nanostructures Controlled by Redox Inputs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Del Grosso
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Leonard J. Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padua Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padua Italy
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
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39
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Mabesoone MFJ, Ter Huurne GM, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. How Water in Aliphatic Solvents Directs the Interference of Chemical Reactivity in a Supramolecular System. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12400-12408. [PMID: 32543841 PMCID: PMC7366503 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Water is typically considered to be insoluble in alkanes. Recently, however, monomerically dissolved water in alkanes has been shown to dramatically impact the structure of hydrogen-bonded supramolecular polymers. Here, we report that water in methylcyclohexane (MCH) also determines the outcome of combining a Michael reaction with a porphyrin-based supramolecular system. In dry conditions, the components of the reaction do not affect or destabilize the supramolecular polymer, whereas in ambient or wet conditions the polymers are rapidly destabilized. Although spectroscopic investigations show no effect of water on the molecular structure of the supramolecular polymer, light scattering and atomic force microscopy experiments show that water increases the flexibility of the supramolecular polymer and decreases the polymer length. Through a series of titrations, we show that a cooperative interaction, involving the coordination of the amine catalyst to the porphyrin and complexation of the substrates to the flexible polymers invokes the depolymerization of the aggregates. Water crucially stabilizes these cooperative interactions to cause complete depolymerization in humid conditions. Additionally, we show that the humidity-controlled interference in the polymer stability occurs with various substrates, indicating that water may play a ubiquitous role in supramolecular polymerizations in oils. By controlling the amount of water, the influence of a covalent chemical process on noncovalent aggregates can be mediated, which holds great potential to forge a connection between chemical reactivity and supramolecular material structure. Moreover, our findings highlight that understanding cooperative interactions in multicomponent noncovalent systems is crucial to design complex molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathijs F J Mabesoone
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and the Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs M Ter Huurne
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and the Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anja R A Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and the Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and the Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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41
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Cissé N, Kudernac T. Light‐Fuelled Self‐Assembly of Cyclic Peptides into Supramolecular Tubules. CHEMSYSTEMSCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/syst.202000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Cissé
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente Enschede 7522 NB (The Netherlands
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen 4 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands
| | - Tibor Kudernac
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente Enschede 7522 NB (The Netherlands
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen 4 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands
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42
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Singh N, Formon GJM, De Piccoli S, Hermans TM. Devising Synthetic Reaction Cycles for Dissipative Nonequilibrium Self-Assembly. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906834. [PMID: 32064688 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Fuel-driven reaction cycles are found in biological systems to control the assembly and disassembly of supramolecular materials such as the cytoskeleton. Fuel molecules can bind noncovalently to a self-assembling building block or they can react with it, resulting in covalent modifications. Overall the fuel can either switch the self-assembly process on or off. Here, a closer look is taken at artificial systems that mimic biological systems by making and breaking covalent bonds in a self-assembling motif. The different chemistries used so far are highlighted in chronological order and the pros and cons of each system are discussed. Moreover, the desired traits of future reaction cycles, their fuels, and waste management are outlined, and two chemistries that have not been explored up to now in chemically fueled dissipative self-assembly are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Singh
- Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Georges J M Formon
- Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Serena De Piccoli
- Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas M Hermans
- Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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43
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Ashcraft A, Liu K, Mukhopadhyay A, Paulino V, Liu C, Bernard B, Husainy D, Phan T, Olivier J. A Molecular Strategy to Lock‐in the Conformation of a Perylene Bisimide‐Derived Supramolecular Polymer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Ashcraft
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Kaixuan Liu
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Arindam Mukhopadhyay
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Victor Paulino
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Brianna Bernard
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Dalia Husainy
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Tina Phan
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Jean‐Hubert Olivier
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
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44
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Ashcraft A, Liu K, Mukhopadhyay A, Paulino V, Liu C, Bernard B, Husainy D, Phan T, Olivier J. A Molecular Strategy to Lock‐in the Conformation of a Perylene Bisimide‐Derived Supramolecular Polymer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7487-7493. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Ashcraft
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Kaixuan Liu
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Arindam Mukhopadhyay
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Victor Paulino
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Brianna Bernard
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Dalia Husainy
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Tina Phan
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
| | - Jean‐Hubert Olivier
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Miami 1301 Memorial Drive, Cox Science Building Coral Gables FL 33146 USA
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Mishra A, Korlepara DB, Balasubramanian S, George SJ. Bioinspired, ATP-driven co-operative supramolecular polymerization and its pathway dependence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:1505-1508. [PMID: 31917382 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08790g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A bio-inspired, ATP-driven nucleation growth assembly is demonstrated using an amphiphilic naphthalene diimide (NDI) derivative appended with guanidinium receptors to promote specific salt-bridge type interaction with nucleotide phosphates. Detailed spectroscopic and microscopic probing revealed a pathway-dependent co-operative self-assembly to yield two-dimensional and scrolled nano-tubular bilayer assemblies under kinetic and thermodynamic conditions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Mishra
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India.
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Abstract
Supramolecular polymers are non-covalent assemblies of unimeric building blocks connected by secondary interactions and hold great promises due to their dynamic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sebastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry CV4 7AL
- UK
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
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48
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuzo Aida
- Riken Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako, Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of EngineeringThe University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - E.W. Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513 5600 Eindhoven the Netherlands
- Laboratories of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513 5600 Eindhoven the Netherlands
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49
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Wehner M, Würthner F. Supramolecular polymerization through kinetic pathway control and living chain growth. Nat Rev Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-019-0153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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50
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Cardona MA, Prins LJ. ATP-fuelled self-assembly to regulate chemical reactivity in the time domain. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1518-1522. [PMID: 34084381 PMCID: PMC8148039 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05188k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we exploit a small biomolecule - ATP - to gain temporal control over chemical reactivity in a synthetic system composed of small self-assembling molecules and reactants. The approach relies on the capacity of ATP to template the formation of amphiphile-based assemblies. The presence of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase causes a gradual decrease in the ATP-concentration in time and, consequently, a spontaneous dissociation of the assemblies. The uptake of apolar reactants in the hydrophobic domain of the assemblies leads to an enhancement of the reaction rate. It is shown that ATP-triggered self-assembly causes the selective upregulation of one out of two hydrazone-bond formation reactions that take place concurrently in the system. This leads to an inversion in the product ratio, which, however, is transient in nature because the upregulated reaction spontaneously reverts to its basal low reaction rate once the ATP has been consumed by the enzyme. Overall, the results demonstrate the potential of chemically-fuelled self-assembly under dissipative conditions to gain temporal control over reactivity in complex chemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Cardona
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Leonard J Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
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