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Zhao P, Xu L, Li B, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Cao M, Li G, Weng TC, Wang H, Zheng Y. Non-Equilibrium Assembly of Atomically-Precise Copper Nanoclusters. Adv Mater 2024:e2311818. [PMID: 38294175 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Accurate structure control in dissipative assemblies (DSAs) is vital for precise biological functions. However, accuracy and functionality of artificial DSAs are far from this objective. Herein, a novel approach is introduced by harnessing complex chemical reaction networks rooted in coordination chemistry to create atomically-precise copper nanoclusters (CuNCs), specifically Cu11(µ9-Cl)(µ3-Cl)3L6Cl (L = 4-methyl-piperazine-1-carbodithioate). Cu(I)-ligand ratio change and dynamic Cu(I)-Cu(I) metallophilic/coordination interactions enable the reorganization of CuNCs into metastable CuL2, finally converting into equilibrium [CuL·Y]Cl (Y = MeCN/H2O) via Cu(I) oxidation/reorganization and ligand exchange process. Upon adding ascorbic acid (AA), the system goes further dissipative cycles. It is observed that the encapsulated/bridging halide ions exert subtle influence on the optical properties of CuNCs and topological changes of polymeric networks when integrating CuNCs as crosslink sites. CuNCs duration/switch period could be controlled by varying the ions, AA concentration, O2 pressure and pH. Cu(I)-Cu(I) metallophilic and coordination interactions provide a versatile toolbox for designing delicate life-like materials, paving the way for DSAs with precise structures and functionalities. Furthermore, CuNCs can be employed as modular units within polymers for materials mechanics or functionalization studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Linjie Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Bohan Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yingshuai Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Minghui Cao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Guoqi Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Yijun Zheng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
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2
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Wyrick J, Wang X, Namboodiri P, Kashid RV, Fei F, Fox J, Silver R. Enhanced Atomic Precision Fabrication by Adsorption of Phosphine into Engineered Dangling Bonds on H-Si Using STM and DFT. ACS Nano 2022; 16:19114-19123. [PMID: 36317737 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The doping of Si using the scanning probe hydrogen depassivation lithography technique has been shown to enable placing and positioning small numbers of P atoms with nanometer accuracy. Several groups have now used this capability to build devices that exhibit desired quantum behavior determined by their atomistic details. What remains elusive, however, is the ability to control the precise number of atoms placed at a chosen site with 100% yield, thereby limiting the complexity and degree of perfection achievable. As an important step toward precise control of dopant number, we explore the adsorption of the P precursor molecule, phosphine, into atomically perfect dangling bond patches of intentionally varied size consisting of three adjacent Si dimers along a dimer row, two adjacent dimers, and one single dimer. Using low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy, we identify the adsorption products by generating and comparing to a catalog of simulated images, explore atomic manipulation after adsorption in select cases, and follow up with incorporation of P into the substrate. For one-dimer patches, we demonstrate that manipulation of the adsorbed species leads to single P incorporation in 12 out of 12 attempts. Based on the observations made in this study, we propose this one-dimer patch method as a robust approach that can be used to fabricate devices where it is ensured that each site of interest has exactly one P atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Wyrick
- Atom Scale Device Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Xiqiao Wang
- Atom Scale Device Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Pradeep Namboodiri
- Atom Scale Device Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Ranjit Vilas Kashid
- Atom Scale Device Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Fan Fei
- Atom Scale Device Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Joseph Fox
- Atom Scale Device Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Richard Silver
- Atom Scale Device Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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Zhao C, Kumar A, Li Z, He L, Meng X, Liu N, Guo M, Liu Z, Dou G, Wang Y, Zhang G. N 4-Vacancy-Functionalized Carbon for High-Rate Li-Ion Storage. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:50794-50802. [PMID: 36335470 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although heteroatom doping and pore management separately influence the Li+ adsorption and Li+ diffusion properties, respectively, merging their functions into a single unit is intriguing and has not been fully investigated. Herein, we have successfully incorporated both heteroatom doping and pore management within the same functional unit of N4-vacancy motifs, which is realized via acid etching of formamide-derived Zn-N4-functionalized carbon materials (Zn1NC). The N4-vacancy-rich porous carbon (V-NC) renders multiple merits: (1) a high N content of 13.94 atom % for large Li-storage capacity, (2) edged unsaturated N sites favoring highly efficient Li+ adsorption and desolvation, and (3) a shortening of the Li+ diffusion length through N4 vacancy, thereby enhancing the Li-storage kinetics and high-rate performance. This work serves as an inspiration for the creation of heteroatom-edged porous structures with controllable pore sizes for high-rate alkali-ion battery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changkai Zhao
- Department of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong266590, China
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Humanities and Applied Science, GLA University, Mathura281406, India
| | - Zongge Li
- Department of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong266590, China
| | - Luman He
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong266590, China
| | - Xiangshe Meng
- Department of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong266590, China
| | - Nianxi Liu
- Department of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong266590, China
| | - Mei Guo
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong266590, China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Preparation and Application of High-Performance Carbon Materials, College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong266061, China
| | - Gang Dou
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong266590, China
| | - Yaqun Wang
- Department of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong266590, China
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- Department of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong266590, China
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4
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Hu KJ, Yan W, Zhang M, Song F. Electrical devices designed based on inorganic clusters. Nanotechnology 2022; 33:502001. [PMID: 36063786 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac8f4e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The idea of exploring the bottom brink of material science has been carried out for more than two decades. Clusters science is the frontmost study of all nanoscale structures. Being an example of 0-dimensional quantum dot, nanocluster serves as the bridge between atomic and conventionally understood solid-state physics. The forming mechanism of clusters is found to be the mutual effects of electronic and geometric configuration. It is found that electronic shell structure influences the properties and geometric structure of the cluster until its size becomes larger, where electronic effects submerge in geometric structure. The discrete electronic structures depend on the size and conformation of clusters, which can be controlled artificially for potential device applications. Especially, small clusters with a size of 1-2 nm, whose electronic states are possibly discrete enough to overcome thermal fluctuations, are expected to build a single-electron transistor with room temperature operation. However, exciting as the progress may be seen, cluster science still falls within the territory of merely the extension of atomic and molecular science. Its production rate limits the scientific and potential application research of nanoclusters. It is suggested in this review that the mass-produce ability without losing the atomic precision selectivity would be the milestone for nanoclusters to advance to material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Juei Hu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weicheng Yan
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 210023, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Minhao Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengqi Song
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Ju Y, Shi X, Xu S, Ma X, Wei R, Hou H, Chu C, Sun D, Liu G, Tan Y. Atomically Precise Water-Soluble Graphene Quantum Dot for Cancer Sonodynamic Therapy. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2105034. [PMID: 35038238 PMCID: PMC9259723 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Although water-soluble graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have shown various promising bio-applications due to their intriguing optical and chemical properties, the large heterogeneity in compositions, sizes, and shapes of these GQDs hampers the better understanding of their structure-properties correlation and further uses in terms of large-scale manufacturing practices and safety concerns. It is shown here that a water-soluble atomically-precise GQD (WAGQD-C96 ) is synthesized and exhibits a deep-red emission and excellent sonodynamic sensitization. By decorating sterically hindered water-soluble functional groups, WAGQD-C96 can be monodispersed in water without further aggregation. The deep-red emission of WAGQD-C96 facilitates the tracking of its bio-process, showing a good cell-uptake and long-time retention in tumor tissue. Compared to traditional molecular sonosensitizers, WAGQD-C96 generates superior reactive oxygen species and demonstrates excellent tumor inhibition potency as an anti-cancer sonosensitizer in in vivo studies. A good biosafety of WAGQD-C96 is validated in both in vitro and in vivo assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang‐Yang Ju
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
| | - Xiao‐Xiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational MedicineSchool of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
| | - Shu‐Yu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational MedicineSchool of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
| | - Xiao‐Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
| | - Rong‐Jing Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
| | - Hao Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
| | - Cheng‐Chao Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational MedicineSchool of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
| | - Di Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJi'nan250100China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational MedicineSchool of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
| | - Yuan‐Zhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
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Biswas S, Das AK, Reber AC, Biswas S, Bhandary S, Kamble VB, Khanna SN, Mandal S. The New Ag-S Cluster [Ag 50S 13(S tBu) 20][CF 3COO] 4 with a Unique hcp Ag 14 Kernel and Ag 36 Keplerian-Shell-Based Structural Architecture and Its Photoresponsivity. Nano Lett 2022; 22:3721-3727. [PMID: 35499472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In metal nanoclusters (NCs), the kernel geometry and the nature of the surface protecting ligands are very crucial for their structural stability and properties. The synthesis and structural elucidation of Ag NCs is challenging because the zerovalent oxidation state of Ag is very reactive and prone to oxidization. Here, we report the NC [Ag50S13(StBu)20][CF3COO]4 with a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) cagelike Ag14 kernel. A truncated cubic shell and an octahedral shell encapsulate the hcp-layered kernel via an interstitial S2- anionic shell to form an Ag36 Keplerian outer shell of the NC. A theoretical study indicates the stability of this NC in its 4+ charge state and the charge distribution between the kernel and Keplerian shell. The unprecedented electronic structure facilitates its application toward sustainable photoresponse properties. The new insights into this novel Ag NC kernel and Keplerian shell structure may pave the way to understanding the unique structure and developing electronic structure-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Biswas
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Anish Kumar Das
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Arthur C Reber
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220, United States
| | - Soumya Biswas
- School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Subhrajyoti Bhandary
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Vinayak B Kamble
- School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Shiv N Khanna
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220, United States
| | - Sukhendu Mandal
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Kerala 695551, India
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7
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Abstract
Quantum-sized gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are emerging as theranostic agents-those that combine diagnostics and therapeutic properties-given their ultrasmall size <3 nm, which makes them behave more like a molecule rather than a nanoparticle. This molecule-like behavior endows AuNCs with interesting properties including photoluminescence, catalytic activity, and paramagnetism-all without the presence of any toxic heavy metal. But despite these fundamental advances, scalable synthetic approaches to produce high-quality AuNCs with well-controlled and programmable properties for biological applications as well as methods to determine their structure-property relationships are not widely available. In this Perspective, we will discuss what is known so far about AuNCs as well as how to move forward to propel AuNCs as a theranostic agent of choice for many biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cifuentes-Rius
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Campus, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Veerasikku Gopal Deepagan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Campus, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Campus, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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8
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Bi Y, Wang Z, Liu T, Sun D, Godbert N, Li H, Hao J, Xin X. Supramolecular Chirality from Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Atomically Precise Silver Nanoclusters Induced by Secondary Metal Coordination. ACS Nano 2021; 15:15910-15919. [PMID: 34542271 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chiral assembly of metal nanoparticles (NPs) into complex superstructures has been widely studied, but their formation mechanisms still remain mysterious due to the lack of precise structural information from the metal-organic interface to metallic kernel. As "molecular models" of metal NPs, atomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs) used in the assembly of a macroscale superstructure will provide details of microscopic structure for deep understanding of such highly sophisticated assemblies; however, chiral superstructures have not been realized starting from achiral metal NCs with atomic precision. Herein, we report the supramolecular assembly of a water-soluble silver NC ((NH4)9[Ag9(mba)9], H2mba = 2-mercaptobenzoic acid, abbreviated as Ag9-NCs hereafter) into chiral hydrogels induced by the coordination of secondary metal ions. Single crystal X-ray diffraction reveals the triskelion-like structure of Ag9-NCs with a pseudochiral conformation caused by special arrangement of the peripheral mba2- ligands. The enantioselective orientation of the peripheral carboxyl group facilitates the assembly of Ag9-NCs into nanotubes with a chiral cubic (I*) lattice when coordinating to Ba2+. The nanotubes can further intertwine into one-dimensional chiral nanobraids with a preferred left-handed arrangement. These multiple levels of chirality can be tuned by drying, during which the I* phase is missing but the chiral entanglement of the nanotubes is enhanced. Through the gelation of atomically precise, achiral NCs coordination of secondary metal ions, chiral amplification of superstructures was realized. The origination of the chirality at different length scales was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Bi
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Nicolas Godbert
- MAT_INLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici), Centro di Eccelenza CEMIF.CAL, LASCAMM CR-INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Hongguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Xin
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
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Dwyer KJ, Baek S, Farzaneh A, Dreyer M, Williams JR, Butera RE. B-Doped δ-Layers and Nanowires from Area-Selective Deposition of BCl 3 on Si(100). ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:41275-41286. [PMID: 34405671 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Atomically precise, δ-doped structures forming electronic devices in Si have been routinely fabricated in recent years by using depassivation lithography in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). While H-based precursor/monatomic resist chemistries for incorporation of donor atoms have dominated these efforts, the use of halogen-based chemistries offers a promising path toward atomic-scale manufacturing of acceptor-based devices. Here, B-doped δ-layers were fabricated in Si(100) by using BCl3 as an acceptor dopant precursor in ultrahigh vacuum. Additionally, we demonstrate compatibility of BCl3 with both H and Cl monatomic resists to achieve area-selective deposition on Si. In comparison to bare Si, BCl3 adsorption selectivity ratios for H- and Cl-passivated Si were determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry depth profiling (SIMS) to be 310(10):1 and 1529(5):1, respectively. STM imaging revealed that BCl3 adsorbed readily on bare Si at room temperature, with SIMS measurements indicating a peak B concentration greater than 1.2(1) × 1021 cm-3 with a total areal dose of 1.85(1) × 1014 cm-2 resulting from a 30 langmuir BCl3 dose at 150 °C. In addition, SIMS showed a δ-layer thickness of ∼0.5 nm. Hall bar measurements of a similar sample were performed at 3.0 K, revealing a sheet resistance of ρ□ = 1.9099(4) kΩ □-1, a hole carrier concentration of p = 1.90(2) × 1014 cm-2, and a hole mobility of μ = 38.0(4) cm2 V-1 s-1 without performing an incorporation anneal. Finally, 15 nm wide B δ-doped nanowires were fabricated from BCl3 and were found to exhibit ohmic conduction. This validates the use of BCl3 as a dopant precursor for atomic-precision fabrication of acceptor-doped devices in Si and enables development of simultaneous n- and p-type doped bipolar devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Dwyer
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Sungha Baek
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Azadeh Farzaneh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Michael Dreyer
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - James R Williams
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Robert E Butera
- Laboratory for Physical Sciences, 8050 Greenmead Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
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Russell-Webster B, Lopez-Nieto J, Abboud KA, Christou G. Truly Monodisperse Molecular Nanoparticles of Cerium Dioxide of 2.4 nm dimensions: A {Ce 100 O 167 } Cluster. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12591-12596. [PMID: 33768655 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-small nanoparticles of CeO2 obtained in molecular form, so-called molecular nanoparticles, have been limited to date to a family whose largest member is of nuclearity Ce40 with a {Ce40 O58 } core atom count. Herein we report that a synthetic procedure has been developed to the cation [Ce100 O149 (OH)18 (O2 CPh)60 (PhCO2 H)12 (H2 O)20 ]16+ , a member with a much higher Ce100 nuclearity and a {Ce100 O167 } core that is more akin to the smallest ceria nanoparticles. Its crystal structure reveals it to possess a 2.4 nm size and high D2d symmetry, and it has also allowed identification of core surface features including facet composition, the presence and location of Ce3+ and H+ (i.e. HO- ) ions, and the binding modes of the ligand monolayer of benzoate, benzoic acid, and water ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javi Lopez-Nieto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-7200, USA
| | - Khalil A Abboud
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-7200, USA
| | - George Christou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-7200, USA
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Han BL, Wang Z, Gupta RK, Feng L, Wang S, Kurmoo M, Gao ZY, Schein S, Tung CH, Sun D. Precise Implantation of an Archimedean Ag@Cu 12 Cuboctahedron into a Platonic Cu 4Bis(diphenylphosphino)hexane 6 Tetrahedron. ACS Nano 2021; 15:8733-8741. [PMID: 33909407 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Precision loading of nanoclusters in confined spaces, which has been enthusiastically pursued in the scientific realm, is still associated with some mysteries of "how", "when", and "why". Here, we isolated two similar heterometallic cluster-in-cage compounds, [Ag@Cu12S8@Cu4(dpph)6]X (X = OH, SD/AgCu16a and X = PF6, SD/AgCu16b; SD = SunDi), by use of an antigalvanic reaction between organometallic [PhC≡CCu]n and Ph3CSH with elemental silver. Both compounds are formed by fitting an Archimedean Ag@Cu12 cuboctahedral cluster into a Platonic Cu4(dpph)6 tetrahedral cage [dpph = bis(diphenylphosphino)hexane]. The Ag@Cu12 cluster is a hollow cuboctahedral Cu12 cage filled with a central AgI atom, and all eight triangular faces of the Ag@Cu12 cuboctahedron are triply capped by eight S2- ions, four of which in a tetrahedral array further internally pillar four Cu vertices of the outer Cu4(dpph)6 tetrahedron, fixing the cluster in the cage. Both compounds can be deemed as molecular fragments excised from porous nanomaterials filled with discrete nanoclusters, thus providing more details for understanding the confined growth of atomically precise nanoclusters. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) reveals that the AgCu16 cluster is quite stable in CH2Cl2 and can stepwise lose dpph ligand in the gas phase under increased collision energy. This work not only presents a precise aggregation of metal atoms in a confined cavity to form a cluster-in-cage compound but also provides deep insights into the binding and geometry matching between clusters and cages in one entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Liang Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Rakesh Kumar Gupta
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Suna Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Mohamedally Kurmoo
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67008 Cedex, France
| | - Zhi-Yong Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Henan, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Stan Schein
- California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1563, United States
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
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12
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Li Y, Cowan MJ, Zhou M, Taylor MG, Wang H, Song Y, Mpourmpakis G, Jin R. Heterometal-Doped M 23 (M = Au/Ag/Cd) Nanoclusters with Large Dipole Moments. ACS Nano 2020; 14:6599-6606. [PMID: 32286795 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Dipole moment (μ) is a critical parameter for molecules and nanomaterials as it affects many properties. In metal-thiolate (SR) nanoclusters (NCs), μ is commonly low (0-5 D) compared to quantum dots. Herein, we report a doping strategy to give giant dipoles (∼18 D) in M23 (M = Au/Ag/Cd) NCs, falling in the experimental trend for II-VI quantum dots. In M23 NCs, high μ is caused by the Cd-Br bond and the arrangement of heteroatoms along the C3 axis. Strong dipole-dipole interactions are observed in crystalline state, with energy exceeding 5 kJ/mol, directing a "head-to-tail" alignment of Au22-nAgnCd1(SR)15X (SR = adamantanethiolate) dipoles. The alignment can be controlled by μ via doping. The optical absorption peaks of M23 show solvent polarity-dependent shifts (∼25 meV) with negative solvatochromism. Detailed electronic structures of M23 are revealed by density functional theory and time-dependent DFT calculations. Overall, the doping strategy for obtaining large dipole moments demonstrates an atomic-level design of clusters with useful properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Michael J Cowan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Michael G Taylor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - He Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Yongbo Song
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Giannis Mpourmpakis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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13
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Yao C, Xu CQ, Park IH, Zhao M, Zhu Z, Li J, Hai X, Fang H, Zhang Y, Macam G, Teng J, Li L, Xu QH, Chuang FC, Lu J, Su C, Li J, Lu J. Giant Emission Enhancement of Solid-State Gold Nanoclusters by Surface Engineering. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8270-8276. [PMID: 32003098 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-induced surface restructuring with heteroatomic doping is used to precisely modify the surface of a prototypical [Au25 (SR1 )18 ]- cluster (1) while maintaining its icosahedral Au13 core for the synthesis of a new bimetallic [Au19 Cd3 (SR2 )18 ]- cluster (2). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal that six bidentate Au2 (SR1 )3 motifs (L2) attached to the Au13 core of 1 were replaced by three quadridentate Au2 Cd(SR2 )6 motifs (L4) to create a bimetallic cluster 2. Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate a stronger electronic interaction between the surface motifs (Au2 Cd(SR2 )6 ) and the Au13 core, attributed to a more compact cluster structure and a larger energy gap of 2 compared to that of 1. These factors dramatically enhance the photoluminescence quantum efficiency and lifetime of crystal of the cluster 2. This work provides a new route for the design of a wide range of bimetallic/alloy metal nanoclusters with superior optoelectronic properties and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhao Yao
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Center and International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.,Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Cong-Qiao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - In-Hyeok Park
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Ziyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiao Hai
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Hanyan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Gennevieve Macam
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Jinghua Teng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Lin Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Qing-Hua Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Feng-Chuan Chuang
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Junpeng Lu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Chenliang Su
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Center and International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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14
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Weng S, Lv Y, Yu H, Zhu M. The Ligand-Exchange Reactions of Rod-Like Au 25-n M n (M=Au, Ag, Cu, Pd, Pt) Nanoclusters with Cysteine - A Density Functional Theory Study. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:1822-1829. [PMID: 31070285 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The atomic precision of ultrasmall noble-metal nanoclusters (NMNs) is fundamental for elucidating structure-property relationships and probing their practical applications. So far, the atomic structure of NMNs protected by organic ligands has been widely elucidated, whereas the precise atomic structure of NMNs protected by water-soluble ligands (such as peptides and nucleic acid), has been rarely reported. With the concept of "precision to precision", density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to probe the thermodynamic plausibility and inherent determinants for synthesizing atomically precise, water-soluble NMNs via the framework-maintained two-phase ligand-exchange method. A series of rod-like Au25-n Mn (M=Au, Ag, Cu, Pd, Pt) NMNs with the same framework but varied ligands and metal compositions was chosen as the modeling reactants, and cysteine was used as the modeling water-soluble ligand. It was found that the acidity of the reaction remarkably affects the thermodynamic facility of the ligand exchange reactions. Ligand effects (structural distortion and acidity) dominate the overall thermodynamic facility of the ligand-exchange reaction, while the number and type of doped metal atom(s) has little influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyin Weng
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Haizhu Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.,Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.,Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
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15
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Kang F, Xu W. On-Surface Synthesis of One-Dimensional Carbon-Based Nanostructures via C-X and C-H Activation Reactions. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2251-2261. [PMID: 31081259 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed the emergence of low-dimensional carbon-based nanostructures owing to their unique properties and various subsequent applications. It is of fundamental importance to explore ways to achieve atomically precise fabrication of these interesting structures. The newly developed on-surface synthesis approach provides an efficient strategy for this challenging issue, demonstrating the potential of atomically precise preparation of low-dimensional nanostructures. Up to now, the formation of various surface nanostructures, especially carbon-based ones, such as graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), kinds of organic (organometallic) chains and films, have been achieved via on-surface synthesis strategy, in which in-depth understanding of the reaction mechanism has also been explored. This review article will provide a general overview on the formation of one-dimensional carbon-based nanostructures via on-surface synthesis method. In this review, only a part of the on-surface chemical reactions (specifically, C-X (X=Cl, Br, I) and C-H activation reactions) under ultra-high vacuum conditions will be covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faming Kang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center and, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center and, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
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16
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Yao Q, Yuan X, Chen T, Leong DT, Xie J. Engineering Functional Metal Materials at the Atomic Level. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1802751. [PMID: 30118559 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201802751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
With continuous research efforts devoted into synthesis and characterization chemistry of functional nanomaterials in the past decades, the development of metal materials is stepping into a new era, where atom-by-atom customization of property-dictating structural attributes is expected. Herein, the state-of-the-art modulation of functional metal nanomaterials at the atomic level, by size- and structure-controlled synthesis of thiolate-protected metal (e.g., Au and Ag) nanoclusters (NCs), is exemplified. Metal NCs are ultrasmall (<3 nm) particles with hierarchical primary, secondary, and tertiary structures, reminiscent of natural proteins or enzymes. Given the proven dependence of their physicochemical properties on their size and structure, documented synthetic methodologies delivering NCs with atomic-level monodispersity and tailorable size and structural attributes at individual hierarchical levels are categorized and discussed. Such assured atomic-level modulation could confer metal NCs with novel application opportunities in diverse fields, which are also exemplified by their size- and structure-dictated catalytic and biomedical performance. The precise synthesis and application chemistry developed based on the hierarchical structure scheme of metal NCs could increase the acceptance of metal NCs as a new family of functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaofeng Yao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Xun Yuan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Shibei District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266042, China
| | - Tiankai Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - David Tai Leong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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17
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Abstract
Novel carbon nanomaterials have aroused significant interest owing to their prospects in various technological applications. The recently developed on-surface synthesis strategy provides a route toward atomically precise fabrication of nanostructures, which paves the way to functional molecular nanostructures in a controlled fashion. A plethora of low-dimensional nanostructures, challenging to traditional solution chemistry, have been recently fabricated. Within the last few decades, an increasing interest and flourishing studies on the fabrication of novel low-dimensional carbon nanostructures using on-surface synthesis strategies have been witnessed. In particular, carbon materials, including fullerene, carbon nanotubes, and graphene nanoribbons, are synthesized with atomic precision by such bottom-up methods. Herein, starting from the basic concepts and progress made in the field of on-surface synthesis, the recent developments of atomically precise fabrication of low-dimensional carbon nanostructures are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Renyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Jun Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
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18
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Shen Y, Xu T, Tan X, He L, Yin K, Wan N, Sun L. In Situ Repair of 2D Chalcogenides under Electron Beam Irradiation. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1705954. [PMID: 29450913 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2 ) and bismuth telluride (Bi2 Te3 ) are the two most common types of structures adopted by 2D chalcogenides. In view of their unique physical properties and structure, 2D chalcogenides have potential applications in various fields. However, the excellent properties of these 2D crystals depend critically on their crystal structures, where defects, cracks, holes, or even greater damage can be inevitably introduced during the preparation and transferring processes. Such defects adversely impact the performance of devices made from 2D chalcogenides and, hence, it is important to develop ways to intuitively and precisely repair these 2D crystals on the atomic scale, so as to realize high-reliability devices from these structures. Here, an in situ study of the repair of the nanopores in MoS2 and Bi2 Te3 is carried out under electron beam irradiation by transmission electron microscopy. The experimental conditions allow visualization of the structural dynamics of MoS2 and Bi2 Te3 crystals with unprecedented resolution. Real-time observation of the healing of defects at atomic resolution can potentially help to reproducibly fabricate and simultaneously image single-crystalline free-standing 2D chalcogenides. Thus, these findings demonstrate the viability of using an electron beam as an effective tool to precisely engineer materials to suit desired applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Shen
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Tao Xu
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture Southeast University-Monash University Joint Research Institute, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Tan
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Longbing He
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture Southeast University-Monash University Joint Research Institute, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Kuibo Yin
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture Southeast University-Monash University Joint Research Institute, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Neng Wan
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture Southeast University-Monash University Joint Research Institute, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Litao Sun
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture Southeast University-Monash University Joint Research Institute, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- Center for Advanced Carbon Materials, Southeast University and Jiangnan Graphene Research Institute, Changzhou, 213100, P. R. China
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19
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Jin S, Liu W, Hu D, Zou X, Kang X, Du W, Chen S, Wei S, Wang S, Zhu M. Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE) in Ag-Au Bimetallic Nanocluster. Chemistry 2018; 24:3712-3715. [PMID: 29392775 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis and structure determination of a non-fluorescent Au4 Ag5 (dppm)2 (SAdm)6 (BPh4 ) (dppm=bis(diphenylphosphino)methane and HSAdm=1-adamantane mercaptan) nanocluster in methanol with extremely strong AIE when aggregating to the solid state (i.e., film or crystal). This phenomenon was rarely reported in structural determined noble metal nanoclusters. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurement ruled out the hypothesis that the luminescence originated from the structure change in different states. Besides, the crystal structure (determined by X-ray diffraction) revealed that the tightly combined left- and right-handed enantiomers induced the strong restriction of intramolecular motions (RIM), which may have an impact on aggregation-induced emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Atomic Engineering of, Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Daqiao Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Atomic Engineering of, Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Xuejuan Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Atomic Engineering of, Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Xi Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Atomic Engineering of, Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Du
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Atomic Engineering of, Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Atomic Engineering of, Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Shiqiang Wei
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Atomic Engineering of, Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Atomic Engineering of, Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P.R. China
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20
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Abstract
With the rapid development of nanoscale structuring technology, the precision in the etching reaches the sub-10 nm scale today. However, with the ongoing development of nanofabrication the etching mechanisms with atomic precision still have to be understood in detail and improved. Here we observe, atom by atom, how preferential facets form in CaO crystals that are etched by an electron beam in an in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). An etching mechanism under electron beam irradiation is observed that is surprisingly similar to chemical etching and results in the formation of nanofacets. The observations also explain the dynamics of surface roughening. Our findings show how electron beam etching technology can be developed to ultimately realize tailoring of the facets of various crystalline materials with atomic precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Shen
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xu
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture, Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Tan
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Sun
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Longbing He
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture, Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuibo Yin
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture, Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilong Zhou
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Florian Banhart
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS , UMR 7504, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Litao Sun
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture, Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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21
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Abstract
Toward controlling the magic sizes of atomically precise gold nanoclusters, herein we have devised a new strategy by exploring the para-, meta-, ortho-methylbenzenethiol (MBT) for successful preparation of pure Au130(p-MBT)50, Au104(m-MBT)41 and Au40(o-MBT)24 nanoclusters. The decreasing size sequence is in line with the increasing hindrance of the methyl group to the interfacial Au-S bond. That the subtle change of ligand structure can result in drastically different magic sizes under otherwise similar reaction conditions is indeed for the first time observed in the synthesis of thiolate-protected gold nanoclusters. These nanoclusters are highly stable as they are synthesized under harsh size-focusing conditions at 80-90 °C in the presence of excess thiol and air (i.e., without exclusion of oxygen).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Chen
- †Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Chenjie Zeng
- †Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Douglas R Kauffman
- ‡National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Rongchao Jin
- †Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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Copp SM, Schultz DE, Swasey S, Gwinn EG. Atomically precise arrays of fluorescent silver clusters: a modular approach for metal cluster photonics on DNA nanostructures. ACS Nano 2015; 9:2303-10. [PMID: 25630562 DOI: 10.1021/nn506322q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The remarkable precision that DNA scaffolds provide for arraying nanoscale optical elements enables optical phenomena that arise from interactions of metal nanoparticles, dye molecules, and quantum dots placed at nanoscale separations. However, control of ensemble optical properties has been limited by the difficulty of achieving uniform particle sizes and shapes. Ligand-stabilized metal clusters offer a route to atomically precise arrays that combine desirable attributes of both metals and molecules. Exploiting the unique advantages of the cluster regime requires techniques to realize controlled nanoscale placement of select cluster structures. Here we show that atomically monodisperse arrays of fluorescent, DNA-stabilized silver clusters can be realized on a prototypical scaffold, a DNA nanotube, with attachment sites separated by <10 nm. Cluster attachment is mediated by designed DNA linkers that enable isolation of specific clusters prior to assembly on nanotubes and preserve cluster structure and spectral purity after assembly. The modularity of this approach generalizes to silver clusters of diverse sizes and DNA scaffolds of many types. Thus, these silver cluster nano-optical elements, which themselves have colors selected by their particular DNA templating oligomer, bring unique dimensions of control and flexibility to the rapidly expanding field of nano-optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy M Copp
- †Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, United States
| | - Danielle E Schultz
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Steven Swasey
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Elisabeth G Gwinn
- †Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, United States
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