1
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Meng X, Lan S, Chen T, Luo H, Zhu L, Chen N, Liu J, Yang S, Cotman AE, Zhang Q, Fang X. Catalytic Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Acylboronates: BMIDA as the Privileged Directing Group. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:20357-20369. [PMID: 38869937 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Developing a general, highly efficient, and enantioselective catalytic method for the synthesis of chiral alcohols is still a formidable challenge. We report in this article the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) of N-methyliminodiacetyl (MIDA) acylboronates as a general substrate-independent entry to enantioenriched secondary alcohols. ATH of acyl-MIDA-boronates with (het)aryl, alkyl, alkynyl, alkenyl, and carbonyl substituents delivers a variety of enantioenriched α-boryl alcohols. The latter are used in a range of stereospecific transformations based on the boron moiety, enabling the synthesis of carbinols with two closely related α-substituents, which cannot be obtained with high enantioselectivities using direct asymmetric hydrogenation methods, such as the (R)-cloperastine intermediate. Computational studies illustrate that the BMIDA group is a privileged enantioselectivity-directing group in Noyori-Ikariya ATH compared to the conventionally used aryl and alkynyl groups due to the favorable CH-O attractive electrostatic interaction between the η6-arene-CH of the catalyst and the σ-bonded oxygen atoms in BMIDA. The work expands the domain of conventional ATH and shows its huge potential in addressing challenges in symmetric synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
- Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Shouang Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Haotian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Lixuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Nanchu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Jinggong Liu
- Orthopedics Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Andrej Emanuel Cotman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva Cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Qi Zhang
- Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xinqiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
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2
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Chen J, Wei WT, Li Z, Lu Z. Metal-catalyzed Markovnikov-type selective hydrofunctionalization of terminal alkynes. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:7566-7589. [PMID: 38904176 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00167b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Metal-catalyzed highly Markovnikov-type selective hydrofunctionalization of terminal alkynes provides a straightforward and atom-economical route to access 1,1-disubstituted alkenes, which have a wide range of applications in organic synthesis. However, the highly Markovnikov-type selective transformations are challenging due to the electronic and steric effects during the addition process. With the development of metal-catalyzed organic synthesis, different metal catalysts have been developed to solve this challenge, especially for platinum group metal catalysts. In this perspective, we review homogeneous metal-catalyzed Markovnikov-type selective hydrofunctionalization of terminal alkynes according to the classified element types as well as reaction mechanisms. Future avenues for investigation are also presented to help expand this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Wen-Ting Wei
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Zhuocheng Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Zhan Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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3
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Li W, Ricker R, Lok Chan K, Fung Lau P, Buchbinder NW, Krebs J, Friedrich A, Lin Z, Santos WL, Radius U, Marder TB. Phosphine-Catalyzed 1,2-cis-Diboration of 1,3-Butadiynes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401235. [PMID: 38593362 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Trialkyl phosphines PMe3 and PEt3 catalyze the 1,2-cis-diboration of 1,3-butadiynes to give 1,2-diboryl enynes. The products were utilized to synthesize 1,1,2,4-tetraaryl enynes using a Suzuki-Miyaura protocol and can readily undergo proto-deborylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - Robert Ricker
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - Ka Lok Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pak Fung Lau
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Johannes Krebs
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Webster L Santos
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Udo Radius
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
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4
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Shimose A, Ishigaki S, Sato Y, Nogami J, Toriumi N, Uchiyama M, Tanaka K, Nagashima Y. Dearomative Construction of 2D/3D Frameworks from Quinolines via Nucleophilic Addition/Borate-Mediated Photocycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202403461. [PMID: 38803130 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Dearomative construction of multiply-fused 2D/3D frameworks, composed of aromatic two-dimensional (2D) rings and saturated three-dimensional (3D) rings, from readily available quinolines has greatly contributed to drug discovery. However, dearomative cycloadditions of quinolines in the presence of photocatalysts usually afford 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ)-based polycycles, and dearomative access to 1,2,3,4-THQ-based structures remains limited. Herein, we present a chemo-, regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselective dearomative transformation of quinolines into 1,2,3,4-THQ-based 6-6-4-membered rings without any catalyst, through a combination of nucleophilic addition and borate-mediated [2+2] photocycloaddition. Detailed mechanistic studies revealed that the photoexcited borate complex, generated from quinoline, organolithium, and HB(pin), accelerates the cycloaddition and suppresses the rearomatization that usually occurs in conventional photocycloaddition. Based on our mechanistic analysis, we also developed further photoinduced cycloadditions affording other types of 2D/3D frameworks from isoquinoline and phenanthrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuha Shimose
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Shiho Ishigaki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yu Sato
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Juntaro Nogami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Toriumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagashima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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5
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Prakash A, Basappa S, Jeebula B, Nagaraju DH, Dhayal RS, Bose SK. A Simple Nickel Metal-Organic Framework-Catalyzed Borylation of Aryl Chlorides and Bromides. Org Lett 2024; 26:2569-2573. [PMID: 38527017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
We report a recyclable and efficient catalyst system based on a nickel-benzene tricarboxylic acid metal-organic framework (Ni-BTC MOF) for the borylation of aryl halides, including aryl chlorides, with bis(pinacolato)diboron, affording aryl boronate esters in high yields (up to >99% yield) with high selectivity. This protocol demonstrates broad functional group tolerance. Catalyst can be recyclable up to four times, and gram-scale reactions further highlights the usefulness of this method. In situ EPR experiments confirmed the formation of catalytically active Ni(I) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Prakash
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore 562112, India
| | - Suma Basappa
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore 562112, India
| | - Bhavya Jeebula
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore 562112, India
| | - Doddahalli H Nagaraju
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Rajendra S Dhayal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Shubhankar Kumar Bose
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore 562112, India
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6
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Komaki T, Sato Y, Uchiyama M, Tanaka K, Nagashima Y. Visible-Light-Induced trans-Hydroboration of Diaryl Alkynes Utilizing Excited State of Borate Complexes. Org Lett 2024; 26:2180-2185. [PMID: 38466232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
We have developed visible-light-induced trans-hydroboration of diaryl alkynes via direct photoexcitation of in-situ-generated diboron complexes, affording previously elusive (E)-1,2-diaryl-vinylboronates with high stereoselectivity. Experimental, spectroscopic, and theoretical mechanistic studies revealed that the triplet-state borate complex facilitates B-B bond cleavage and the desired C-B bond formation. This methodology does not require any catalyst and is operationally simple. The highly borylated 1,2-diaryl alkenes [1-(2-borylphenyl)vinyl)boronates] are shown to be useful as building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Komaki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yu Sato
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagashima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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7
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Ahmad A, Gayen S, Mishra S, Afsan Z, Bontemps S, Ghosh S. Doubly Base-Stabilized Diborane(4) and Borato-Boronium Species and Their Chemistry with Chalcogens. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3376-3382. [PMID: 38329931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
In an effort to isolate diborane(4) derivatives, we have developed an efficient and uncatalyzed approach using [BH3·THF] and the mercaptopyridine ligand. Thermolysis of 2-mercaptopyridine, in the presence of [BH3·THF], afforded a doubly base-stabilized diborane(4) species 1, [HB(μ-C5H4NS)]2, along with the formation of its isomeric species 2, [HB(μ-C5H4NS)]2, albeit in less yield. Based on the coordination of the boron with the mercaptopyridine ligand in 2 and its spectroscopic data, compound 2 has been designated as a borato-boronium species, in which the anionic borate and cationic boronium units are covalently bonded to each other. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the oxidative insertion of chalcogen atoms (S and Se) through the B-B bond of the base-stabilized diborane(4), 1, that yielded chalcogenido-diboron species, 3(S) and 4(Se).
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Sourav Gayen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Shivankan Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Zeenat Afsan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Sébastien Bontemps
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, Toulouse 31077, Cedex 04, France
| | - Sundargopal Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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8
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Lan H, Huo X, Jia Y, Wang D. Silyl Radical Generation from Silylboronic Pinacol Esters through Substitution with Aminyl Radicals. Org Lett 2024; 26:1011-1016. [PMID: 38289174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
A novel strategy was developed to generate silyl radicals from silylboronic pinacol esters (SPEs) through nucleohomolytic substitution of boron with aminyl radicals. We successfully applied this strategy to obtain diverse organosilicon compounds using SPEs and N-nitrosamines under photoirradiation without any catalyst. The ability to access silyl radicals offers a new perspective for chemists to rapidly construct Si-X bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Lan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Xiangyu Huo
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yinggang Jia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Dingyi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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9
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Mao X, Lu Z, Zhang J, Xie Z. Catalyst-Free Regioselective Diborylation of Aryllithium with Tetra(o-tolyl)diborane(4). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317614. [PMID: 38123525 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
A catalyst-free 1,2-diborylation of aryllithium with tetra(o-tolyl)diborane(4) has been achieved, giving a series of 1,2-diborylaryl lithium species in excellent yields under mild reaction conditions, which leads to 1,2-di(tolyl)borylarenes in 60-91 % yields upon treatment with the hydride-abstracting reagent. In these transformations, one sp2 C-H of arene is activated and both boryl units are utilized to build two new (sp2 )C-B bonds. This represents a new strategy for selective arene diborylation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that an aromatic nucleophilic substitution is a key step in the formation of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Mao
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenpin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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10
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Duan L, Zhou T, Mu W, Deng Z, Guo M, Wang Q, Yang H, Liu J. Liquid-Metal Molecular Scissors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:4212-4221. [PMID: 38215272 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Molecules are the smallest units of matter that can exist independently, relatively stable, maintaining their physical and chemical activities. The key factors that dominate the structures and properties of molecules include atomic species, alignment commands, and chemical bonds. Herein, we reported a generalized effect in which liquid metals can directly cut off oxygen-containing groups in molecular matter at room temperature, allowing the remaining groups to recombine to form functional materials. Thus, we propose basic liquid-metal scissors for molecular directional clipping and functional transformations. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the capabilities of liquid-metal scissors and reveal that the gallium on the surface of liquid metals directly extracts oxygen atoms from H2O or CH3OH molecules to form oxides. After clipping, the remaining hydrogen atoms from the H2O molecules recombine to form H2, while the remaining fragments of CH3OH produce H2, carbon materials, and carboxylates. This finding refreshes our basic understanding of chemistry and should lead to the development of straightforward molecular weaving techniques, which can help to overcome the limitations of molecular substances with single purposes. It also opens a universal route for realizing future innovations in molecular chemical engineering, life sciences, energy and environment research, and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangfei Duan
- School of Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, International Joint Research Center for Optoelectronic and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, International Joint Research Center for Optoelectronic and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Weihua Mu
- School of Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhongshan Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Minghui Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qin Wang
- School of Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Huiqin Yang
- School of Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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11
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Velasco-Rubio Á, Cong F, Tian Y, Martin R. Ni-Catalyzed 1,2-Alkyl Borylation and Silylation of Allenes En Route to [1,3]-Bis-Organometallic Reagents. Org Lett 2023; 25:9147-9152. [PMID: 38095944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed multicomponent reaction that rapidly and reliably accesses [1,3]-bis-organometallic reagents from allenes is reported. The protocol exhibits a predictable regioselectivity pattern that enables the incorporation of B,B(Si) fragments across the allene backbone under mild conditions, thus offering a complementary platform for accessing polyorganometallic reagents possessing both sp2 and sp3 hybridization from readily available precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Velasco-Rubio
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fei Cong
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Yubiao Tian
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, c/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Ghorai D, Das KK, Panda S. Carbonyl group directed synthesis of 3-boryl-3-substituted alkenyl oxindoles and tetrasubstituted β-borylenones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:14447-14450. [PMID: 37982264 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04788a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-free carbonyl directed boron-Wittig reaction of α-bis(boryl)carbanions with the corresponding isatins or with the α-keto esters/amides was achieved to access alkenyl oxindoles in good yield and high stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debraj Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
| | - Kanak Kanti Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
| | - Santanu Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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13
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Werner L, Hagn J, Radius U. NHC-Stabilized Dialanes(4) of Al 2 Mes 4. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202303111. [PMID: 37792718 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of novel N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) stabilized dialanes Al2 Mes4 as well as first investigations concerning the reactivity of these compounds are reported. The synthesis of these compounds proceeds via the mesityl-substituted alanes (NHC)⋅AlHMes2 (NHC=IMeMe {=1,3,4,5-tetramethyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene}, IiPrMe {=1,3-di-iso-propyl-4,5-dimethylimidazolin-2-ylidene}) and iodo-alanes (NHC)⋅AlIMes2 (NHC=IMeMe , IiPrMe ). Metallic reduction of (NHC)⋅AlIMes2 afforded the new NHC-stabilized dialanes (NHC)2 ⋅Al2 Mes4 (NHC=IMeMe , IiPrMe ). The NHC-ligated dialanes are thermally robust and storable synthons for the dialane Al2 Mes4 . First reactivity studies on (IMeMe )2 ⋅Al2 Mes4 towards small molecules confirm this, as this compound shows controlled and selective reactions with several substrates. Reaction with CuCl leads to oxidation of the dialane and formation of (IMeMe )⋅AlClMes2 , reactions with pyridine N-oxide and t Bu-N=C=S, respectively, gave the chalcogenide-bridged dimers {(IMeMe )⋅AlMes2 }2 -μ-E (E=O, S), and reaction with acetylene afforded the dimetallaacetylide {(IMeMe )⋅AlMes2 }2 -μ-(C≡C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Werner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julika Hagn
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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14
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Lou X, Lin J, Kwok CY, Lyu H. Stereoselective Unsymmetrical 1,1-Diborylation of Alkynes with a Neutral sp 2 -sp 3 Diboron Reagent. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312633. [PMID: 37822069 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of two distinct boryl groups at the same carbon center in organic molecules has attracted growing research interest due to its potential for facilitating controlled, precise synthesis through stepwise dual carbon-boron bond transformations. Here we report a method to access unsymmetrical 1,1-diborylalkene (UDBA) stereoselectively via the reaction of readily available alkynes with a neutral sp2 -sp3 diboron reagent (NHC)BH2 -Bpin (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene). Attributing to the chemically easily distinguishable nature of the sp2 and sp3 boryl moieties, controllable stepwise derivatization of the resultant UDBAs is realized. This process leads to various multifunctionalized olefins and organoborons, such as acylboranes, which are difficult to prepare by other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Lou
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Yin Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hairong Lyu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
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15
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Gao L, Liang X, He L, Li G, Chen S, Cao J, Ma J, Wang G, Li S. Base-mediated C-B bond activation of benzylic boronate for the rapid construction of β-silyl/boryl functionalized 1,1-diarylalkanes from aromatic alkenes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11881-11889. [PMID: 37920335 PMCID: PMC10619622 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03666a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of tBuOK on the existing state of benzylic boronates in the solution phase has been investigated in detail by NMR analysis and DFT calculations. It was determined that simply using an excess of tBuOK (2.0 equivalents) can result in the full deborylation of benzylic boronates to afford free benzyl potassium species. These mechanistic insights were leveraged for the facile construction of β-silyl/boryl functionalized 1,1-diarylalkanes from aromatic alkenes via the combination of base-mediated silylboration or diborylation of aromatic alkenes and nucleophilic-type reactions with various electrophiles. Based on further machine-learning-assisted screening, the scope of electrophiles for this transformation can be generalized to the challenging aromatic heterocycles. Late-stage functionalization performed on several drug-relevant molecules generates the highly valuable 1,1-diaryl framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuzhou Gao
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China
| | - Xinyi Liang
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Linke He
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Guoao Li
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Shengda Chen
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jia Cao
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jing Ma
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Shuhua Li
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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16
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Hosoya H, Akiyama T, Mashima K, Tsurugi H. Bis(neopentylglycolato)diboron (B 2nep 2) as a bidentate ligand and a reducing agent for early transition metal chlorides giving MCl 4(B 2nep 2) complexes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13154-13160. [PMID: 37655795 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01828h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
We found that bis(neopentylglycolato)diboron (B2nep2) served as a bidentate ligand and a one-electron reducing agent for early transition metal chlorides to afford MCl4(B2nep2). Treatment of B2nep2 with MCl5 (M = Nb and Mo) produced MCl4(B2nep2) via two successive reactions, coordination of B2nep2 to the metal center and one-electron reduction from M(V) to M(IV), while coordination of B2nep2 to MCl4 (M = Zr, Ti) was observed without reduction of the central metals. DFT studies for the reduction of NbCl5 by B2nep2 clarified the initial formation of seven-coordinated and B2nep2-ligated Nb(V) species, NbCl5(B2nep2), and one chloride on niobium(V) moves to the Lewis acidic boron center to generate NbCl4[(B2nep2)Cl]. The chloride on the boron atom of NbCl4[(B2nep2)Cl] is trapped by the second B2nep2 to give [NbCl4(B2nep2)][ClB2nep2]. After the formation of [ClB2nep2]- as an anionic sp2-sp3 diboron adduct, one-electron reduction of the niobium(V) center produces NbCl4(B2nep2) along with [ClB2nep2]˙ as a plausible diboron species, whose decomposition affords ClBnep and B2nep2. The reduction of metal halides in the presence of B2nep2 was exemplified by green LED irradiation of TiCl4(B2nep2), producing chloride-bridged titanium(III) species, (B2nep2)TiCl2(μ-Cl)2TiCl2(B2nep2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromu Hosoya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Takuya Akiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
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17
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Zhu F, Yin P. Multicomponent Reaction: Pd/Cu-Catalyzed Borocarbonylation of Aryldiazonium Salts with Aliphatic Terminal Alkynes to gem-Bis(boryl) Ketones. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301826. [PMID: 37369918 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
We report the development of Pd/Cu-catalyzed selective 2,1-borocarbonylation reactions of aliphatic terminal alkynes with aryldiazonium salts and B2 Pin2 to prepare gem-bis(boryl) ketones in one-pot. A series of corresponding products are obtained with good to excellent yields under a carbon monoxide atmosphere (10 bar). In addition, wide functional-group tolerance can be observed. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that ethyl acetate serves as a proton source in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiang Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Rd S., Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Pengpeng Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Rd S., Taiyuan, 030006, China
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18
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Nie Z, Cheng R, Qiu Z, Xie Z. Reaction of 4-Bpin-o-Carborane with Ketones: Sequential Carbon Vertex Alkylation and B-B Bond Activation. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300598. [PMID: 37547963 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Diboron compounds are important reagents in a series of transition metal catalyzed or metal-free borylation reactions. We describe herein a unique reactivity of 4-Bpin-o-carborane with ketones under basic conditions, leading to sequential cage carbon alkylation, B-B bond activation and unexpected O-migration. The reaction was compatible with a good substrate scope including dialkyl or alkyl aryl ketones. The reaction mechanism is also proposed, involving cage CH deprotonation, nucleophilic attack of ketone, and O-migration along with B-B bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Nie
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ruofei Cheng
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zaozao Qiu
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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19
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Ogawa A, Yamamoto Y. Multicomponent Reactions between Heteroatom Compounds and Unsaturated Compounds in Radical Reactions. Molecules 2023; 28:6356. [PMID: 37687185 PMCID: PMC10488953 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this mini-review, we present our concepts for designing multicomponent reactions with reference to a series of sequential radical reactions that we have developed. Radical reactions are well suited for the design of multicomponent reactions due to their high functional group tolerance and low solvent sensitivity. We have focused on the photolysis of interelement compounds with a heteroatom-heteroatom single bond, which readily generates heteroatom-centered radicals, and have studied the photoinduced radical addition of interelement compounds to unsaturated compounds. First, the background of multicomponent radical reactions is described, and basic concepts and methodology for the construction of multicomponent reactions are explained. Next, examples of multicomponent reactions involving two interelement compounds and one unsaturated compound are presented, as well as examples of multicomponent reactions involving one interelement compound and two unsaturated compounds. Furthermore, multicomponent reactions involving intramolecular cyclization processes are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiya Ogawa
- Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu 400-8510, Japan;
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20
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Takeuchi T, Roy A, Ito H. Iterative Synthesis of Oligosilanes Using Methoxyphenyl- or Hydrogen-Substituted Silylboronates as Building Blocks: A General Synthetic Method for Complex Oligosilanes. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37436952 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Organosilanes have attracted the attention of researchers for more than 150 years due to their unique properties, and they have become indispensable industrial assets. However, many synthesized oligosilanes with multiple Si-Si bonds are relatively simple, i.e., they often only contain a single repeating unit. More laborious customized synthetic routes can lead to more complex oligosilanes, but compared to carbon-based molecules, their structural diversity remains limited. The development of effective and practical synthetic routes to complex oligosilanes that contain mixed substituents constitutes a long-standing challenge. Here, we describe an iterative synthesis of oligosilanes using methoxyphenyl- or hydrogen-substituted silylboronates, which were obtained via transition-metal-catalyzed Si-H borylation reactions. The first key reaction is a cross-Si-Si bond-forming reaction between chloro(oligo)silanes and silylboronates activated by MeLi. The second key reaction is the selective chlorination of the methoxyphenyl group or the hydrogen atom at the terminal of the oligosilanes. Iteration of these two key reactions enables the synthesis of various oligosilanes that are otherwise difficult to access. As a demonstration of the synthetic utility of this iterative synthetic approach, oligosilanes with different sequences were prepared by simply changing the order of the reaction of four different silicon units. Furthermore, a bespoke tree-shaped oligosilane is easily obtained via the present iterative synthesis. The solid-state structures of several of these oligosilanes were unequivocally determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Takeuchi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Avijit Roy
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Hajime Ito
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
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21
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Li FX, Wang X, Lin J, Lou X, Ouyang J, Hu G, Quan Y. Selective multifunctionalization of N-heterocyclic carbene boranes via the intermediacy of boron-centered radicals. Chem Sci 2023; 14:6341-6347. [PMID: 37325159 PMCID: PMC10266453 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01132a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The selective difunctionalization of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) boranes with alkenes has been achieved via decatungstate and thiol synergistic catalysis. The catalytic system also allows stepwise trifunctionalization, leading to complex NHC boranes with three different functional groups which are challenging to prepare by other methods. The strong hydrogen-abstracting ability of the excited decatungstate enables the generation of boryl radicals from mono- and di-substituted boranes for realizing borane multifunctionalization. This proof-of-principle research provides a new chance for fabricating unsymmetrical boranes and developing boron-atom-economic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Xing Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Xinmou Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Xiangyu Lou
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Jing Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Guanwen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Yangjian Quan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
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22
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Qian YS, Wang ZL, Jiang B, Xiao ZY, Xu YH. Copper-Catalyzed Borylation and Silylation of Dichlorocyclobutenones. Org Lett 2023; 25:3364-3368. [PMID: 37154506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We report copper-catalyzed borylation and silylation of dichlorocyclobutenones, which furnish the boron-substituted and silicon-substituted polyfunctionalized cyclobutenones in high yields. The reactions proceed under mild reaction conditions, show broad substrate scope, and display high chemoselectivity. In addition, a series of transformations of the corresponding products has been realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sen Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Lu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Bing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Yu Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yun-He Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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23
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Chowdhury R, Elek GZ, Meana-Baamonde B, Mendoza A. Modular Synthesis of (Borylmethyl)silanes through Orthogonal Functionalization of a Carbon Atom. Org Lett 2023; 25:1935-1940. [PMID: 36898045 PMCID: PMC10043938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
(Borylmethyl)trimethylsilanes are important building blocks in organic synthesis displaying a unique reactivity. Yet, the synthesis of more advanced derivatives is limited by the advanced silicon intermediates required for their preparation. Herein, a one-pot synthesis of (borylmethyl)silanes is developed, sourced on available alkyl-, aryl-, alkoxy-, aryloxy-, and silyl-hydrosilane materials. The privileged reactivity of N-hydroxyphthalimidyl diazoacetate (NHPI-DA) in Si-H insertion and α-silyl redox-active esters in different decarboxylative borylation reactions are scrutinized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajdip Chowdhury
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691-Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gábor Zoltán Elek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691-Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Beatriz Meana-Baamonde
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691-Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Molecular Science (ICMol), University of Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Abraham Mendoza
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691-Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Molecular Science (ICMol), University of Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Spain
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24
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Zhu F, Yin P. Multicomponent Reaction: Pd/Cu-Catalyzed Coupling and Boration of Acyl Chlorides and Alkynes to β-Boryl Ketones. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4352-4358. [PMID: 36929949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented and challenging multicomponent reaction has been developed that allows for the direct transformation of acyl chlorides with alkynes into the corresponding saturated β-boryl ketones via Pd/Cu-catalyzed coupling and boration with ethyl acetate as the hydrogen sources. Various β-boryl ketones were synthesized in good to excellent yields with broad functional group tolerance. In addition, the introduction of boron groups into the products provides substantial opportunities for further conversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiang Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Pengpeng Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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25
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Wang Z, Chen J, Lin Z, Quan Y. Photoinduced Dehydrogenative Borylation via Dihydrogen Bond Bridged Electron Donor and Acceptor Complexes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203053. [PMID: 36396602 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Air-stable amine- and phosphine-boranes are discovered as donors to integrate with pyridinium acceptor for generating photoactive electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes. Experimental results and DFT calculations suggest a dihydrogen bond bridging the donor and acceptor. Irradiating the EDA complex enables an intra-complex single electron transfer to give a boron-centered radical for dehydrogenative borylation with no need of external photosensitizer and radical initiator. The deprotonation of Wheland-like radical intermediate rather than its generation is believed to determine the good ortho-selectivity based on DFT calculations. A variety of α-borylated pyridine derivatives have been readily synthesized with good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yangjian Quan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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26
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Dearomative triple elementalization of quinolines driven by visible light. Nat Commun 2023; 14:652. [PMID: 36746969 PMCID: PMC9902486 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36161-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoboron and organosilicon compounds are used not only as synthetic building blocks but also as functional materials and pharmaceuticals, and compounds with multiple boryl and silyl groups are beginning to be used for these purposes. Especially in drug discovery, methodology providing easy stereoselective access to aliphatic nitrogen heterocycles bearing multiple boryl or silyl groups from readily available aromatic nitrogen heterocycles would be attractive. However, such transformations remain challenging, and available reactions have been mostly limited to dearomative hydroboration or hydrosilylation reactions. Here, we report the dearomative triple elementalization (carbo-sila-boration) of quinolines via the addition of organolithium followed by photo-boosted silaboration, affording the desired products with complete chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity. The reaction proceeds via the formation of silyl radicals instead of silyl anions. We also present preliminary studies to illustrate the potential of silaboration products as synthetic platforms.
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27
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Pavlenko NV, Babadzhanova LA, Yagupolskii YL, Peng S. An unexplored representative of gem-difluoroalkenes`, 1,1,4,4,4-Pentafluorobut-1-ene CF3CH2CH CF2 (HFO-1345czf): Reactivity and functionalization possibilities. J Fluor Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2022.110083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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28
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Prey SE, Herok C, Fantuzzi F, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Engels B, Wagner M. Multifaceted behavior of a doubly reduced arylborane in B-H-bond activation and hydroboration catalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:849-860. [PMID: 36755708 PMCID: PMC9890859 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05518j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkali-metal salts of 9,10-dimethyl-9,10-dihydro-9,10-diboraanthrancene (M2[DBA-Me2]; M+ = Li+, Na+, K+) activate the H-B bond of pinacolborane (HBpin) in THF already at room temperature. For M+ = Na+, K+, the addition products M2[4] are formed, which contain one new H-B and one new B-Bpin bond; for M+ = Li+, the H- ion is instantaneously transferred from the DBA-Me2 unit to another equivalent of HBpin to afford Li[5]. Although Li[5] might commonly be considered a [Bpin]- adduct of neutral DBA-Me2, it donates a [Bpin]+ cation to Li[SiPh3], generating the silyl borane Ph3Si-Bpin; Li2[DBA-Me2] with an aromatic central B2C4 ring acts as the leaving group. Furthermore, Li2[DBA-Me2] catalyzes the hydroboration of various unsaturated substrates with HBpin in THF. Quantum-chemical calculations complemented by in situ NMR spectroscopy revealed two different mechanistic scenarios that are governed by the steric demand of the substrate used: in the case of the bulky Ph(H)C[double bond, length as m-dash]NtBu, the reaction requires elevated temperatures of 100 °C, starts with H-Bpin activation which subsequently generates Li[BH4], so that the mechanism eventually turns into "hidden borohydride catalysis". Ph(H)C[double bond, length as m-dash]NPh, Ph2C[double bond, length as m-dash]O, Ph2C[double bond, length as m-dash]CH2, and iPrN[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]NiPr undergo hydroboration already at room temperature. Here, the active hydroboration catalyst is the [4 + 2] cycloadduct between the respective substrate and Li2[DBA-Me2]: in the key step, attack of HBpin on the bridging unit opens the bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene scaffold and gives the activated HBpin adduct of the Lewis-basic moiety that was previously coordinated to the DBA-B atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven E. Prey
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität FrankfurtFrankfurt am Main D-60438Germany
| | - Christoph Herok
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Würzburg D-97074 Germany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Würzburg D-97074 Germany .,School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent Canterbury CT2 7NH UK
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main D-60438 Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main D-60438 Germany
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Würzburg D-97074 Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main D-60438 Germany
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Gilmer J, Bolte M, Virovets A, Lerner HW, Fantuzzi F, Wagner M. A Hydride-Substituted Homoleptic Silylborate: How Similar is it to its Diborane(6)-Dianion Isostere? Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203119. [PMID: 36210643 PMCID: PMC10100083 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The B-nucleophilic 9H-9-borafluorene dianion reacts with 9-chloro-9-silafluorene to afford air- and moisture-stable silylborate salts M[Ar2 (H)B-Si(H)Ar2 ] (M[HBSiH], M=Li, Na). Li[HBSiH] and Me3 SiCl give the B-pyridine adduct Ar2 (py)B-Si(H)Ar2 ((py)BSiH) or the chlorosilane Li[Ar2 (H)B-Si(Cl)Ar2 ] (Li[HBSiCl]) in C6 H6 -pyridine or THF. In both cases, the first step is H- abstraction at the B center. The resulting free borane subsequently binds a py or thf ligand. While the py adduct is stable at room temperature, the thf adduct undergoes a 1,2-H shift via the cyclic B(μ-H)Si intermediate BHSi, which is afterwards attacked at the Si atom by a Cl- ion to give Li[HBSiCl]. DFT calculations were employed to support the proposed reaction mechanism and to characterize the electronic structure of BHSi. Treatment of Li[HBSiCl] with the N-heterocyclic carbene IMe introduces the neutral donor at the Si atom and leads to Ar2 (H)B-Si(IMe)Ar2 (HBSi(IMe)), a donor-acceptor-stabilized silylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Gilmer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Alexander Virovets
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Park Wood Rd, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt (Main), Germany
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30
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Metal-Free One-Pot Multi-Functionalization of Unsaturated Compounds with Interelement Compounds by Radical Process. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020787. [PMID: 36677845 PMCID: PMC9861539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the importance of "environmentally friendly manufacturing" has been increasing toward the establishment of a resource-recycling society. In organic synthesis, as well, it is becoming increasingly important to develop new synthetic strategies with resource conservation and the recycling of elemental resources in mind, rather than just only synthesis. Many studies on the construction of frameworks of functional molecules using ionic reactions and transition-metal-catalyzed reactions have been reported, but most of them have focused on the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. However, it is essential to introduce appropriate functional groups at appropriate positions in molecules in order for the molecules to express their functions, and furthermore, the highly selective preparation of multiple functional groups is considered important for the creation of new functional molecules. In this review, we focus on radical reactions with high functional group selectivity and overview the recent progress in practical methods for the simultaneous introduction of multiple functional groups and propose future synthetic strategies that emphasize the recycling of elemental resources and environmental friendliness.
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31
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Zhang G, Zheng S, Neary MC. An ionic Fe-based metal-organic-framework with 4'-pyridyl-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine for catalytic hydroboration of alkynes. RSC Adv 2023; 13:2225-2232. [PMID: 36741180 PMCID: PMC9834911 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08040k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An ionic metal-organic-framework (MOF) containing nanoscale channels was readily assembled from ditopic 4'-pyridyl-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (pytpy) and a simple iron(ii) salt. X-ray structural analysis revealed a two-dimensional grid-like framework assembled by classic octahedral (pytpy)2FeII cations as linkers (with pytpy as a new ditopic pyridyl ligand) and octa-coordinate FeCl2 centers as nodes. The layer-by-layer assembly of the 2-D framework resulted in the formation of 3-D porous materials consisting of nano-scale channels. The charges of the cationic framework were balanced with anionic Cl3FeOFeCl3 in its void channels. The new Fe-based MOF material was employed as a precatalyst for syn-selective hydroboration of alkynes under mild, solvent-free conditions in the presence of an activator, leading to the synthesis of a range of trans-alkenylboronates in good yields. The larger scale applicability and recyclability of the new MOF catalyst was further explored. This represents a rare example of an ionic MOF material that can be utilized in hydroboration catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Zhang
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College, PhD Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York New York NY 10019 USA
| | - Shengping Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University of New York New York 10065 NY USA
| | - Michelle C Neary
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University of New York New York 10065 NY USA
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32
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Pradhan TR, Kyoon Park J. Chemoselective Coupling of π-Systems to Access Metallated 1,4- or 1,5-Skipped Dienes in Multicomponent Reactions. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202120. [PMID: 36094297 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Integrating distinct unsaturated C-C systems while simultaneously installing metallic groups has been significantly challenging to execute in a multicomponent reaction. Therefore, designing a suitable mechanistic pathway that provides the required reactivity and selectivity for target C-C bonds with metallic reagents to ensure successful coupling is the key to success. Copper-catalyzed borylallylation and silylallylation have emerged as the most efficient strategies for assembling borylated/silylated skipped (1,4 or 1,5) dienes by catalytically combining an organocopper intermediate with allyl electrophiles. However, reactions involving interelemental reagents (e. g., [Si]-[B]) to accomplish intermolecular atom-economic couplings have not been studied thoroughly. Therefore, to aid the development of new transformations in this research area, this article attempts to include all precedents, including recent studies by the authors. The present Concept article may be helpful for researchers working in this area as it provides a basic conceptual framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas R Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, 46241, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Kyoon Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, 46241, Busan, Korea
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33
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Baird SR, Vogels CM, Geier SJ, Watanabe LK, Binder JF, Macdonald CLB, Westcott SA. The phosphinoboration of thiosemicarbazones. CAN J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2022-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study reports on the exploration of the phosphinoboration reaction with several thiosemicarbazones (R5R4NC(S)NR3N=CR1R2). Reactions between either Ph2PBpin (pin = 1,2-O2C2Me4) or Ph2PBcat (cat = 1,2-O2C6H4) with thiosemicarbazones containing a terminal primary or secondary amine afforded boron-containing heterocyclic 1,3,4-thiadiazoline products in excellent yield. The addition of Ph2PBpin to thiosemicarbazones containing an NMe2 group in the terminal position generated novel five-membered heterocycles in moderate yield, which included boron, sulfur, and nitrogen atoms. Heterocyclization of the thiosemicarbazones occurs preferentially in the presence of functional groups such as acetyl and pyridyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R. Baird
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Christopher M. Vogels
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Stephen J. Geier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Lara K. Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Justin F. Binder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | | | - Stephen A. Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
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34
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Li J. Direct deoxygenative borylation. PURE APPL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2022-7603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Direct deoxygenative borylation is a highly enabling chemical transformation considering the attractive synthetic features of oxygenous feedstocks and organoboron compounds. Despite ranking among the synthetic ideality in different settings, such chemical space remained largely uncharted and underutilized until recent decades. This short review will summarize some key advances in the field of direct deoxy-borylation of alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids and organize these contributions based on substrate classes. In each representative, the general features, including reaction conditions, product scopes and mechanistic insights, will be highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Li
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , Bloomington , IN 47405 , USA
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35
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Arai R, Nagashima Y, Koshikawa T, Tanaka K. Photocatalytic Generations of Secondary and Tertiary Silyl Radicals from Silylboranes Using an Alkoxide Cocatalyst. J Org Chem 2022. [PMID: 36214474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Silyl radicals are valuable species to prepare diverse organosilicon compounds. However, unlike stable tertiary silyl radicals, the use of secondary silyl radicals has been problematic in silylation reactions due to their instability. Here, we present photocatalytic in situ generations of both secondary and tertiary silyl radicals by one-electron oxidation of ate complexes, formed from silylboranes and an alkoxide cocatalyst, achieving highly efficient hydrosilylation and deuterosilylation of electron-rich alkenes and dienes as well as electron-deficient alkenes. The theoretical studies show that anionic borate complexes activated with an alkoxide have lower oxidation potentials than neutral borate complexes, allowing the formation of secondary silyl radicals. The calculated reaction pathways reveal that anionic conditions using the conjugate acid-base pair of NaOEt (cocatalyst) and EtOH (solvent) are the key to expanding the scope of silyl radicals and alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Arai
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo152-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagashima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo152-8550, Japan
| | - Takumi Koshikawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo152-8550, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo152-8550, Japan
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Son H. Doan
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nhan N. H. Ton
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15260, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Thanh Vinh Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
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37
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Millet CRP, Pahl J, Noone E, Yuan K, Nichol GS, Uzelac M, Ingleson MJ. Synthesis of Electrophiles Derived from Dimeric Aminoboranes and Assessing Their Utility in the Borylation of π Nucleophiles. Organometallics 2022; 41:2638-2647. [PMID: 36185396 PMCID: PMC9516688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Dimeric aminoboranes,
[H2BNR2]2 (R = Me or CH2CH2) containing B2N2 cores, can
be activated by I2, HNTf2 (NTf2 =
[N(SO2CF3)2]), or [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] to form isolable H2B(μ-NR2)2BHX (for X = I or NTf2). For X = [B(C6F5)4]− further reactivity, presumably
between [H2B(μ-NMe2)2BH][B(C6F5)4] and aminoborane, forms a B3N3-based monocation containing a three-center two
electron B-(μ-H)-B moiety. The structures of H2B(μ-NMe2)2BH(I) and [(μ-NMe2)BH(NTf2)]2 indicated a sterically crowded environment
around boron, and this leads to the less common O-bound mode of NTf2 binding. While the iodide congener reacted very slowly with
alkynes, the NTf2 analogues were more reactive, with hydroboration
of internal alkynes forming (vinyl)2BNR2 species
and R2NBH(NTf2) as the major products. Further
studies indicated that the B2N2 core is maintained
during the first hydroboration, and that it is during subsequent steps
that B2N2 dissociation occurs. In the mono-boron
systems, for example, iPr2NBH(NTf2), NTf2 is N-bound; thus, they have less steric
crowding around boron relative to the B2N2 systems.
Notably, the monoboron systems are much less reactive in alkyne hydroboration
than the B2N2-based bis-boranes, despite the
former being three coordinate at boron while the latter are four coordinate
at boron. Finally, these B2N2 electrophiles
are much more prone to dissociate into mono-borane species than pyrazabole
[H2B(μ-N2C3H3)]2 analogues, making them less useful for the directed diborylation
of a single substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jürgen Pahl
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Emily Noone
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Kang Yuan
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Marina Uzelac
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
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38
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Liu Y, Li X, Liu Q, Li X, Liu H. Electromagnetic Mill Promoted Mechanochemical Solvent-Free Palladium-Catalyzed Borylation of Aryl Bromides. Org Lett 2022; 24:6604-6608. [PMID: 36047785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The electromagnetic mill (EMM) promoted mechanochemical solvent-free palladium-catalyzed borylation of aryl bromides using low palladium catalyst loading (0.05-0.5 mol %) was realized. This protocol exhibits many advantages, such as broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, short reaction times, no additional heating, and practical gram-scale synthesis. This EMM system not only showed excellent prospects for industrial application but also unlocked broad areas of solvent-free solid-state metal-catalyzed syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
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39
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40
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Gao L, Liu X, Li G, Chen S, Cao J, Wang G, Li S. 1,2-Silylpyridylation Reaction of Aryl Alkenes with Silylboronate. Org Lett 2022; 24:5698-5703. [PMID: 35905289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free silyl-pyridylation of alkenes using silyl boronates and B2pin2 through a pyridine-mediated B-interelement activation has been demonstrated, which provides a practical strategy for a variety of C4-silylalkylated pyridines. DFT calculations and control experiments show that the reaction proceeds through a silyl radical addition/radical-radical coupling sequence. This protocol features a broad substrate scope and excellent functional group compatibility, and thus it showcases great potential in the late-stage modification of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuzhou Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Guoao Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Shengda Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jia Cao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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41
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Raut RK, Waghamare AB, Patel N, Majumdar M. Role of N, N′‐diboryl‐4, 4′‐bipyridinylidene in the Transition metal‐free Borylation of Aryl Halides and Direct C‐H arylation of Unactivated Benzene. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra K. Raut
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Chemistry INDIA
| | | | - Niranjan Patel
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Chemistry INDIA
| | - Moumita Majumdar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune Chemistry Dr. Homi Bhabha RoadPashan 411008 Pune INDIA
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42
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Suzuki K, Sugihara N, Nishimoto Y, Yasuda M. anti-Selective Borylstannylation of Alkynes with (o-Phenylenediaminato)borylstannanes by a Radical Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201883. [PMID: 35485137 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have achieved the first anti-borylstannylation of alkynes by using (o-phenylenediaminato)borylstannanes. This reaction afforded 1-boryl-2-stannylalkenes with excellent regio- and stereoselectivity by a radical mechanism. This anti-addition manner is in sharp contrast to the syn-selectivity obtained during transition metal-catalyzed borylstannylation. The mild radical conditions enabled a broad substrate scope, and various types of aromatic and aliphatic alkynes were applicable. The origin of regio- and stereoselectivity was elucidated by DFT calculation of the reaction mechanism. The application of the borylstannylation products to cross- or homocoupling reactions provided ready access to either triarylethenes or bisborylbutadienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoki Sugihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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43
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Bisht R, Haldar C, Hassan MMM, Hoque ME, Chaturvedi J, Chattopadhyay B. Metal-catalysed C-H bond activation and borylation. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5042-5100. [PMID: 35635434 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01012c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalysed direct borylation of hydrocarbons via C-H bond activation has received a remarkable level of attention as a popular reaction in the synthesis of organoboron compounds owing to their synthetic versatility. While controlling the site-selectivity was one of the most challenging issues in these C-H borylation reactions, enormous efforts of several research groups proved instrumental in dealing with selectivity issues that presently reached an impressive level for both proximal and distal C-H bond borylation reactions. For example, in the case of ortho C-H bond borylation reactions, innovative methodologies have been developed either by the modification of the directing groups attached with the substrates or by creating new catalytic systems via the design of new ligand frameworks. Whereas meta and para selective C-H borylations remained a formidable challenge, numerous innovative concepts have been developed within a very short period of time by the development of new catalytic systems with the employment of various noncovalent interactions. Moreover, significant advancements have occurred for aliphatic C(sp3)-H borylations as well as enantioselective borylations. In this review article, we aim to discuss and summarize the different approaches and findings related to the development of directed proximal ortho, distal meta/para, aliphatic (racemic and enantioselective) borylation reactions since 2014. Additionally, considering the C-H borylation reaction as one of the most important mainstream reactions, various applications of this C-H borylation reaction toward the synthesis of natural products, therapeutics, and applications in materials chemistry will be summarized in the last part of this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Bisht
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Chabush Haldar
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Mirja Md Mahamudul Hassan
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Md Emdadul Hoque
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Jagriti Chaturvedi
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Construction of boron-stereogenic compounds via enantioselective Cu-catalyzed desymmetric B-H bond insertion reaction. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2624. [PMID: 35552397 PMCID: PMC9098526 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30287-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Compared with the well-developed carbon-stereogenic chemistry, the construction of boron-stereogenic compounds remains undeveloped and challenging. Herein, the previously elusive catalytic enantioselective construction of boron-stereogenic compounds has been achieved through enantioselective desymmetric B-H bond insertion reaction. The B-H bond insertion reaction of 2-arylpyridine-boranes with versatile diazo compounds under chiral copper catalyst can afford boron-stereogenic compounds with good to excellent enantioselectivity. Moreover, the synthetic utility of this reaction is demonstrated by the scalability and downstream transformations. DFT calculations provide insights into the reaction mechanism and the origin of stereoselectivity.
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Suzuki K, Sugihara N, Nishimoto Y, Yasuda M. anti‐Selective Borylstannylation of Alkynes with (o‐Phenylenediaminato)borylstannanes by a Radical Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Makoto Yasuda
- Osaka University Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871 Osaka JAPAN
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Huang M, Hu J, Shi S, Friedrich A, Krebs J, Westcott SA, Radius U, Marder TB. Selective, Transition Metal-free 1,2-Diboration of Alkyl Halides, Tosylates, and Alcohols. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200480. [PMID: 35179269 PMCID: PMC9314653 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Defunctionalization of readily available feedstocks to provide alkenes for the synthesis of multifunctional molecules represents an extremely useful process in organic synthesis. Herein, we describe a transition metal-free, simple and efficient strategy to access alkyl 1,2-bis(boronate esters) via regio- and diastereoselective diboration of secondary and tertiary alkyl halides (Br, Cl, I), tosylates, and alcohols. Control experiments demonstrated that the key to this high reactivity and selectivity is the addition of a combination of potassium iodide and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA). The practicality and industrial potential of this transformation are demonstrated by its operational simplicity, wide functional group tolerance, and the late-stage modification of complex molecules. From a drug discovery perspective, this synthetic method offers control of the position of diversification and diastereoselectivity in complex ring scaffolds, which would be especially useful in a lead optimization program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Huang
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Jiefeng Hu
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816China
| | - Shasha Shi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816China
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Johannes Krebs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Stephen A. Westcott
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryMount Allison UniversitySackvilleNB E4L 1G8Canada
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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Cao J, Li G, Wang G, Gao L, Li S. Iodoperfluoroalkylation of unactivated alkenes via pyridine-boryl radical initiated atom-transfer radical addition. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2857-2862. [PMID: 35297935 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00453d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The pyridine/bis(pinacolate)diboron combination has been found to be able to initiate the iodoperfluoroalkylation of unactivated alkenes with perfluoroalkyl iodides. Theoretical calculations and control experiments indicate that the atom transfer radical addition mechanism is responsible for the formation of iodoperfluoroalkylation products. This metal-free and photo-free strategy is applicable to a wide range of perfluoroalkyl iodides and unactivated alkenes with good functional group tolerance. Further applications in iodoperfluoroalkylation of organic semiconductor-relevant or bioactive molecules demonstrate the synthetic potential of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Cao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, P. R. China
| | - Guoao Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Liuzhou Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Shuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.
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Kumar Kushvaha S, Mishra A, Roesky HW, Chandra Mondal K. Recent Advances in the Domain of Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino) Carbenes. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202101301. [PMID: 34989475 PMCID: PMC9307053 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Isolation of cyclic (alkyl) amino carbenes (cAACs) in 2005 has been a major achievement in the field of stable carbenes due to their better electronic properties. cAACs and bicyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene (BicAAC) in essence are the most electrophilic as well as nucleophilic carbenes are known till date. Due to their excellent electronic properties in terms of nucleophilic and electrophilic character, cAACs have been utilized in different areas of chemistry, including stabilization of low valent main group and transition metal species, activation of small molecules, and catalysis. The applications of cAACs in catalysis have opened up new avenues of research in the field of cAAC chemistry. This review summarizes the major results of cAAC chemistry published until August 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankush Mishra
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryTammannstrasse 4D-37077GöttingenGermany
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49
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Mao X, Zhang J, Lu Z, Xie Z. A (μ-hydrido)diborane(4) anion and its coordination chemistry with coinage metals. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3009-3013. [PMID: 35382458 PMCID: PMC8905795 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00318j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A tetra(o-tolyl) (μ-hydrido)diborane(4) anion 1, an analogue of [B2H5]- species, was facilely prepared through the reaction of tetra(o-tolyl)diborane(4) with sodium hydride. Unlike common sp2-sp3 diborane species, 1 exhibited a σ-B-B bond nucleophilicity towards NHC-coordinated transition-metal (Cu, Ag, and Au) halides, resulting in the formation of η2-B-B bonded complexes 2 as confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analyses. Compared with 1, the structural data of 2 imply significant elongations of B-B bonds, following the order Au > Cu > Ag. DFT studies show that the diboron ligand interacts with the coinage metal through a three-center-two-electron B-M-B bonding mode. The fact that the B-B bond of the gold complex is much prolonged than the related Cu and Ag compounds might be ascribed to the superior electrophilicity of the gold atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Mao
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
| | - Zhenpin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
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Sasaki I, Maebashi A, Li J, Ohmura T, Suginome M. Synthesis of Disilanes, Dihydrosiloles, and 1,4‐Disilacyclohexa‐2,5‐dienes by Transition‐Metal‐Free Transfer of Diphenylsilylene and Dimethylsilylene from Silylboronic Esters. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ikuo Sasaki
- Kyoto University Faculty of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering: Kyoto Daigaku Kogakubu Daigakuin Kogaku Kenkyuka Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry A4-302 KatsuraNishikyo-ku 615-8510 Kyoto JAPAN
| | - Asahi Maebashi
- Kyoto University Faculty of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering: Kyoto Daigaku Kogakubu Daigakuin Kogaku Kenkyuka Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry A4-302 KatsuraNishikyo-ku 615-8510 Kyoto JAPAN
| | - Jiaying Li
- Kyoto University Faculty of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering: Kyoto Daigaku Kogakubu Daigakuin Kogaku Kenkyuka Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry A4-302 KatsuraNishikyo-ku 615-8510 Kyoto JAPAN
| | - Toshimichi Ohmura
- Kyoto University Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of E A4-303 Katsura, Nishikyo-ku 615-8510 Kyoto JAPAN
| | - Michinori Suginome
- Kyoto University Faculty of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering: Kyoto Daigaku Kogakubu Daigakuin Kogaku Kenkyuka Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry A4-306 KatsuraNishikyo-ku 615-8510 Kyoto JAPAN
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