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Firman JW, Ebbrell DJ, Bauer FJ, Sapounidou M, Hodges G, Campos B, Roberts J, Gutsell S, Thomas PC, Bonnell M, Cronin MTD. Construction of an In Silico Structural Profiling Tool Facilitating Mechanistically Grounded Classification of Aquatic Toxicants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:17805-17814. [PMID: 36445296 PMCID: PMC9775196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The performance of chemical safety assessment within the domain of environmental toxicology is often impeded by a shortfall of appropriate experimental data describing potential hazards across the many compounds in regular industrial use. In silico schemes for assigning aquatic-relevant modes or mechanisms of toxic action to substances, based solely on consideration of chemical structure, have seen widespread employment─including those of Verhaar, Russom, and later Bauer (MechoA). Recently, development of a further system was reported by Sapounidou, which, in common with MechoA, seeks to ground its classifications in understanding and appreciation of molecular initiating events. Until now, this Sapounidou scheme has not seen implementation as a tool for practical screening use. Accordingly, the primary purpose of this study was to create such a resource─in the form of a computational workflow. This exercise was facilitated through the formulation of 183 structural alerts/rules describing molecular features associated with narcosis, chemical reactivity, and specific mechanisms of action. Output was subsequently compared relative to that of the three aforementioned alternative systems to identify strengths and shortcomings as regards coverage of chemical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W. Firman
- School
of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool
John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, U.K.
| | - David J. Ebbrell
- School
of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool
John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, U.K.
| | - Franklin J. Bauer
- KREATiS
SAS, 23 rue du Creuzat, ZAC de St-Hubert 38080, L′Isle d′Abeau, France
| | - Maria Sapounidou
- School
of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool
John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, U.K.
| | - Geoff Hodges
- Safety
and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, Bedfordshire, U.K.
| | - Bruno Campos
- Safety
and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, Bedfordshire, U.K.
| | - Jayne Roberts
- Safety
and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, Bedfordshire, U.K.
| | - Steve Gutsell
- Safety
and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, Bedfordshire, U.K.
| | - Paul C. Thomas
- KREATiS
SAS, 23 rue du Creuzat, ZAC de St-Hubert 38080, L′Isle d′Abeau, France
| | - Mark Bonnell
- Science
and Risk Assessment Directorate, Environment
& Climate Change Canada, 351 St. Joseph Blvd, Gatineau, Quebec K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Mark T. D. Cronin
- School
of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool
John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, U.K.
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2
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Lambert FN, Vivian DN, Raimondo S, Tebes-Stevens CT, Barron MG. Relationships Between Aquatic Toxicity, Chemical Hydrophobicity, and Mode of Action: Log Kow Revisited. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 83:326-338. [PMID: 35864329 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-022-00944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Relationships between toxicity and chemical hydrophobicity have been known for nearly 100 years in mammals and fish, typically using the log of the octanol:water partition coefficient (Kow). The current study reassessed the influence of mode of action (MOA) on acute aquatic toxicity-log Kow relationships using a comprehensive database of 617 organic chemicals with curated and standardized acute toxicity data that did not exceed solubility limits, their consensus log Kow values, and weight of evidence-based MOA classifications (including 6 broad and 26 specific MOAs). A total of 166 significant (p < 0.05) log Kow-toxicity models were developed across six taxa groups that included QSARs for 5 of the broad and 13 of the specific MOAs. In this study, we demonstrate that QSARs based on MOAs can significantly increase LC50 prediction accuracy for specific acting chemicals. Prediction accuracy increases when QSARs are built based on highly specific MOAs, rather than broad MOA classifications. Additionally, we demonstrate that building QSAR models with chemicals in specific MOA groupings, rather than broader MOA groups leads to significantly better estimates. We also evaluated the differences between models developed from mass-based (µg/L) and mole-based (µmol/L) toxicity data and demonstrate that both are suitable for QSAR development with no clear trend in greater model accuracy. Overall, the results reveal that, despite high variance in all taxa and MOA groups, specific MOA-based models can improve the accuracy of aquatic toxicity predictions over more general groupings.Please check and confirm that the authors and their respective affiliations have been correctly identified and amend if necessary.The affiliations are correct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith N Lambert
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL, USA
- Syngenta, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Deborah N Vivian
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL, USA
| | - Sandy Raimondo
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL, USA
| | | | - Mace G Barron
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL, USA.
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3
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Wang S, Zhang X, Xu X, Su L, Zhao YH, Martyniuk CJ. Comparison of modes of toxic action between Rana chensinensis tadpoles and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri worms based on interspecies correlation, excess toxicity and QSAR for class-based compounds. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 245:106130. [PMID: 35248894 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides, fungicides, dinitrobenzenes, resorcinols, phenols and anilines are widely used in agricultural and industrial productions. However, their modes of toxic action are unclear in some nontarget organisms, such as worms and tadpoles. In this study, acute toxicity data was experimentally collected for Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri worms and Rana chensinensis tadpoles, respectively. Interspecies correlation and excess toxicity were calculated to determine modes of action (MOAs) between the two species for class-based compounds. The result showed that, although the interspecies correlation of toxicity between the tadpoles and worms is significant with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.83, tadpoles are more sensitive than the worms and toxicity values between these two species are not identical with an overall 0.43 log unit difference. Regression analysis revealed that the toxicity of nonpolar narcotics or baseline compounds is linearly related to hydrophobicity for both the tadpoles and worms and the two baseline models are parallel, suggesting that these nonpolar narcotics share the same MOA between the two species. The difference of baseline toxicities between the two species is attributed to differences in bioconcentration factors. Analysis of the excess toxicity calculated from the toxicity ratio (TR) suggested that phenols and anilines can be classified as polar narcotics, not only to fish, but also to the tadpoles and worms. These compounds are more toxic than the baseline compounds and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models show that their toxicity is linearly related to chemical hydrophobicity and polarity. Analysis of the excess toxicity reveals that aminophenols and resorcinols can be classified as reactive compounds, and insecticides and fungicides can be classified as specifically-acting compounds for both species. These compounds exhibited significantly greater toxic effect to both the tadpoles and worms. QSAR models have been developed to describe the toxic mechanisms for nonpolar narcotics, polar narcotics, reactive chemicals and specifically-acting compounds, and a theoretical equation has been derived to explain the effect of bio-uptake and interaction of the chemical with target receptors for both tadpole and worm toxicity. Our study reveals that tadpole toxicity can be estimated from worm toxicity data and the two species can serve as surrogates for each other in the safety evaluation of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Xu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Limin Su
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China.
| | - Yuan H Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China.
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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4
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Barron MG, Otter RR, Connors KA, Kienzler A, Embry MR. Ecological Thresholds of Toxicological Concern: A Review. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 3:640183. [PMID: 35295098 PMCID: PMC8915905 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.640183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ecological threshold of toxicological concern (ecoTTC) is analogous to traditional human health-based TTCs but with derivation and application to ecological species. An ecoTTC is computed from the probability distribution of predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) derived from either chronic or extrapolated acute toxicity data for toxicologically or chemically similar groups of chemicals. There has been increasing interest in using ecoTTCs in screening level environmental risk assessments and a computational platform has been developed for derivation with aquatic species toxicity data (https://envirotoxdatabase.org/). Current research and development areas include assessing mode of action-based chemical groupings, conservatism in estimated PNECs and ecoTTCs compared to existing regulatory values, and the influence of taxa (e.g., algae, invertebrates, and fish) composition in the distribution of PNEC values. The ecoTTC continues to develop as a valuable alternative strategy within the toolbox of traditional and new approach methods for ecological chemical assessment. This brief review article describes the ecoTTC concept and potential applications in ecological risk assessment, provides an overview of the ecoTTC workflow and how the values can be derived, and highlights recent developments and ongoing research. Future applications of ecoTTC concept in different disciplines are discussed along with opportunities for its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mace G Barron
- U.S. EPA, Office of Research & Development, Gulf Breeze, FL, United States
| | - Ryan R Otter
- The Data Science Institute, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, United States
| | | | - Aude Kienzler
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Michelle R Embry
- Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, United States
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5
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Wang S, Zhang X, Gui B, Xu X, Su L, Zhao YH, Martyniuk CJ. Comparison of Modes of Action Between Fish, Cell and Mitochondrial Toxicity Based on Toxicity Correlation, Excess Toxicity and QSAR for Class-based Compounds. Toxicology 2022; 470:153155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Toma C, Cappelli CI, Manganaro A, Lombardo A, Arning J, Benfenati E. New Models to Predict the Acute and Chronic Toxicities of Representative Species of the Main Trophic Levels of Aquatic Environments. Molecules 2021; 26:6983. [PMID: 34834075 PMCID: PMC8618112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the impact of chemicals on an aquatic environment, toxicological data for three trophic levels are needed to address the chronic and acute toxicities. The use of non-testing methods, such as predictive computational models, was proposed to avoid or reduce the need for animal models and speed up the process when there are many substances to be tested. We developed predictive models for Raphidocelis subcapitata, Daphnia magna, and fish for acute and chronic toxicities. The random forest machine learning approach gave the best results. The models gave good statistical quality for all endpoints. These models are freely available for use as individual models in the VEGA platform and for prioritization in JANUS software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Toma
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milano, Italy; (C.T.); (C.I.C.); (E.B.)
| | - Claudia I. Cappelli
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milano, Italy; (C.T.); (C.I.C.); (E.B.)
| | | | - Anna Lombardo
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milano, Italy; (C.T.); (C.I.C.); (E.B.)
| | - Jürgen Arning
- Umweltbundesamt-German Federal Environment Agency, Wörlitzer Platz 1, 06844 Dessau-Roßlau, Germany;
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milano, Italy; (C.T.); (C.I.C.); (E.B.)
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7
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Gajewicz-Skretna A, Furuhama A, Yamamoto H, Suzuki N. Generating accurate in silico predictions of acute aquatic toxicity for a range of organic chemicals: Towards similarity-based machine learning methods. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130681. [PMID: 34162070 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There has been an increase in the use of non-animal approaches, such as in silico and/or in vitro methods, for assessing the risks of hazardous chemicals. A number of machine learning algorithms link molecular descriptors that interpret chemical structural properties with their biological activity. These computer-aided methods encounter several challenges, the most significant being the heterogeneity of datasets; more efficient and inclusive computational methods that are able to process large and heterogeneous chemical datasets are needed. In this context, this study verifies the utility of similarity-based machine learning methods in predicting the acute aquatic toxicity of diverse organic chemicals on Daphnia magna and Oryzias latipes. Two similarity-based methods were tested that employ a limited training dataset, most similar to a given fitting point, instead of using the entire dataset that encompasses a wide range of chemicals. The kernel-weighted local polynomial approach had a number of advantages over the distance-weighted k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) algorithm. The results highlight the importance of lipophilicity, electrophilic reactivity, molecular polarizability, and size in determining acute toxicity. The rigorous model validation ensures that this approach is an important tool for estimating toxicity in new or untested chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Gajewicz-Skretna
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Ayako Furuhama
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan; Division of Genetics and Mutagenesis, National Institute of Health Sciences (NIHS), 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Suzuki
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan
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8
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Wang Z, Chen J, Hong H. Developing QSAR Models with Defined Applicability Domains on PPARγ Binding Affinity Using Large Data Sets and Machine Learning Algorithms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:6857-6866. [PMID: 33914508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Chemicals may cause adverse effects on human health through binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Hence, binding affinity is useful for evaluating chemicals with potential endocrine-disrupting effects. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) regression models with defined applicability domains (ADs) are important to enable efficient screening of chemicals with PPARγ binding activity. However, lack of large data sets hindered the development of QSAR models. In this study, based on PPARγ binding affinity data sets curated from various sources, 30 QSAR models were developed using molecular fingerprints, two-dimensional descriptors, and five machine learning algorithms. Structure-activity landscapes (SALs) of the training compounds were described by network-like similarity graphs (NSGs). Based on the NSGs, local discontinuity scores were calculated and found to be positively correlated with the cross-validation absolute prediction errors of the models using the different training sets, descriptors, and algorithms. Moreover, innovative ADs were defined based on pairwise similarities between compounds and were found to outperform some conventional ADs. The curated data sets and developed regression models could be useful for evaluating PPARγ-involved adverse effects of chemicals. The SAL analysis and the innovative ADs could facilitate understanding of prediction results from QSAR models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian Key Laboratory on Chemicals Risk Control and Pollution Prevention Technology, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian Key Laboratory on Chemicals Risk Control and Pollution Prevention Technology, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Huixiao Hong
- National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
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9
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Wang J, Huang Y, Wang S, Yang Y, He J, Li C, Zhao YH, Martyniuk CJ. Identification of active and inactive agonists/antagonists of estrogen receptor based on Tox21 10K compound library: Binomial analysis and structure alert. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 214:112114. [PMID: 33711575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals can mimic, block, or interfere with hormones in organisms and subsequently affect their development and reproduction, which has raised significant public concern over the past several decades. To investigate (quantitative) structure-activity relationship, 8280 compounds were compiled from the Tox21 10K compound library. The results show that 50% activity concentrations of agonists are poorly related to that of antagonists because many compounds have considerably different activity concentrations between the agonists and antagonists. Analysis on the chemical classes based on mode of action (MOA) reveals that estrogen receptor (ER) is not the main target site in the acute toxicity to aquatic organisms. Binomial analysis of active and inactive ER agonists/antagonists reveals that ER activity of compounds is dominated by octanol/water partition coefficient and excess molar refraction. The binomial equation developed from the two descriptors can classify well active and inactive ER chemicals with an overall prediction accuracy of 73%. The classification equation developed from the molecular descriptors indicates that estrogens react with the receptor through hydrophobic and π-n electron interactions. At the same time, molecular ionization, polarity, and hydrogen bonding ability can also affect the chemical ER activity. A decision tree developed from chemical structures and their applications reveals that many hormones, proton pump inhibitors, PAHs, progestin, insecticides, fungicides, steroid and chemotherapy medications are active ER agonists/antagonists. On the other hand, many monocyclic/nonaromatic chain compounds and herbicides are inactive ER compounds. The decision tree and binomial equation developed here are valuable tools to predict active and inactive ER compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Jia He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China.
| | - Yuan H Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China.
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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10
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Sapounidou M, Ebbrell DJ, Bonnell MA, Campos B, Firman JW, Gutsell S, Hodges G, Roberts J, Cronin MTD. Development of an Enhanced Mechanistically Driven Mode of Action Classification Scheme for Adverse Effects on Environmental Species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:1897-1907. [PMID: 33478211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a novel classification scheme to assign chemicals to a verifiable mechanism of (eco-)toxicological action to allow for grouping, read-across, and in silico model generation. The new classification scheme unifies and extends existing schemes and has, at its heart, direct reference to molecular initiating events (MIEs) promoting adverse outcomes. The scheme is based on three broad domains of toxic action representing nonspecific toxicity (e.g., narcosis), reactive mechanisms (e.g., electrophilicity and free radical action), and specific mechanisms (e.g., associated with enzyme inhibition). The scheme is organized at three further levels of detail beyond broad domains to separate out the mechanistic group, specific mechanism, and the MIEs responsible. The novelty of this approach comes from the reference to taxonomic diversity within the classification, transparency, quality of supporting evidence relating to MIEs, and that it can be updated readily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sapounidou
- School of Pharmacy and Bimolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, U.K
| | - David J Ebbrell
- School of Pharmacy and Bimolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, U.K
| | - Mark A Bonnell
- Science and Risk Assessment Directorate, Environment & Climate Change Canada, 351 St. Joseph Blvd, Gatineau, Quebec K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Bruno Campos
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, U.K
| | - James W Firman
- School of Pharmacy and Bimolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, U.K
| | - Steve Gutsell
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, U.K
| | - Geoff Hodges
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, U.K
| | - Jayne Roberts
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, U.K
| | - Mark T D Cronin
- School of Pharmacy and Bimolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, U.K
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11
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Hao Y, Sun G, Fan T, Tang X, Zhang J, Liu Y, Zhang N, Zhao L, Zhong R, Peng Y. In vivo toxicity of nitroaromatic compounds to rats: QSTR modelling and interspecies toxicity relationship with mouse. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 399:122981. [PMID: 32534390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) in the environment can cause serious public health and environmental problems due to their potential toxicity. This study established quantitative structure-toxicity relationship (QSTR) models for the acute oral toxicity of NACs towards rats following the stringent OECD principles for QSTR modelling. All models were assessed by various internationally accepted validation metrics and the OECD criteria. The best QSTR model contains seven simple and interpretable 2D descriptors with defined physicochemical meaning. Mechanistic interpretation indicated that van der Waals surface area, presence of C-F at topological distance 6, heteroatom content and frequency of C-N at topological distance 9 are main factors responsible for the toxicity of NACs. This proposed model was successfully applied to a true external set (295 compounds), and prediction reliability was analysed and discussed. Moreover, the rat-mouse and mouse-rat interspecies quantitative toxicity-toxicity relationship (iQTTR) models were also constructed, validated and employed in toxicity prediction for true external sets consisting of 67 and 265 compounds, respectively. These models showed good external predictivity that can be used to rapidly predict the rat oral acute toxicity of new or untested NACs falling within the applicability domain of the models, thus being beneficial in environmental risk assessment and regulatory purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Guohui Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Tengjiao Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyu Tang
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Yongdong Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Na Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Lijiao Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Rugang Zhong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
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12
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Seth A, Roy K. QSAR modeling of algal low level toxicity values of different phenol and aniline derivatives using 2D descriptors. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 228:105627. [PMID: 32956953 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The deposition of different types of phenol and aniline derivatives in the aquatic environment leads to toxicity to living organisms. Under such condition, evaluation of these toxicants is very much important. Due to non-availability of sufficient experimental data as well as sufficient number of Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) models for the low level toxicity values for such pollutants, we have employed here the partial least squares (PLS) regression for the development of robust and predictive QSAR models using low level toxicity values against algal species. Here, we have used both Extended Topochemical Atom (ETA) and non-ETA indices as 2D descriptors for model development. The statistical validation parameters ensure the robustness and the predictivity of the developed models. From the insights of the final PLS models, it can be concluded that presence of nitro groups (in the ortho position to phenolic hydroxyl group increasing intramolecular hydrogen bonding capacity), presence of chlorine substituents (influencing lipophilicity) especially at the para position, oxygen and nitrogen at the topological distance three, aliphatic side chain (contributing to hydrophobicity), molecules with large size atoms and higher molecular bulk will increase the toxicity towards the algal species. On the other hand, the phenol ring without any substituent or with a polar substituent (like amino group), presence of chlorine at ortho-ortho or ortho-para position, absence of nitro group, presence of chlorine and oxygen at the topological distance three, presence of lower number of aliphatic groups will decrease the toxic effect towards the algal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Seth
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Kunal Roy
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
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13
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Pawlowski S, Petersen-Thiery M. Sustainable Sunscreens: A Challenge Between Performance, Animal Testing Ban, and Human and Environmental Safety. THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/698_2019_444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Hao Y, Sun G, Fan T, Sun X, Liu Y, Zhang N, Zhao L, Zhong R, Peng Y. Prediction on the mutagenicity of nitroaromatic compounds using quantum chemistry descriptors based QSAR and machine learning derived classification methods. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 186:109822. [PMID: 31634658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) are an important type of environmental organic pollutants. However, it is lack of sufficient information relating to their potential adverse effects on human health and the environment due to the limited resources. Thus, using in silico technologies to assess their potential hazardous effects is urgent and promising. In this study, quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) and classification models were constructed using a set of NACs based on their mutagenicity against Salmonella typhimurium TA100 strain. For QSAR studies, DRAGON descriptors together with quantum chemistry descriptors were calculated for characterizing the detailed molecular information. Based on genetic algorithm (GA) and multiple linear regression (MLR) analyses, we screened descriptors and developed QSAR models. For classification studies, seven machine learning methods along with six molecular fingerprints were applied to develop qualitative classification models. The goodness of fitting, reliability, robustness and predictive performance of all developed models were measured by rigorous statistical validation criteria, then the best QSAR and classification models were chosen. Moreover, the QSAR models with quantum chemistry descriptors were compared to that without quantum chemistry descriptors and previously reported models. Notably, we also obtained some specific molecular properties or privileged substructures responsible for the high mutagenicity of NACs. Overall, the developed QSAR and classification models can be utilized as potential tools for rapidly predicting the mutagenicity of new or untested NACs for environmental hazard assessment and regulatory purposes, and may provide insights into the in vivo toxicity mechanisms of NACs and related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Guohui Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Tengjiao Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Yongdong Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Na Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Lijiao Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Rugang Zhong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
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15
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Aurisano N, Albizzati PF, Hauschild M, Fantke P. Extrapolation Factors for Characterizing Freshwater Ecotoxicity Effects. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:2568-2582. [PMID: 31393623 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Various environmental and chemical assessment frameworks including ecological risk assessment and life cycle impact assessment aim at evaluating long-term ecotoxicity effects. Chronic test data are reported under the European Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation for various chemicals. However, chronic data are missing for a large fraction of marketed chemicals, for which acute test results are often available. Utilizing acute data requires robust extrapolation factors across effect endpoints, exposure durations, and species groups. We propose a decision tree based on strict criteria for curating and selecting high-quality aquatic ecotoxicity information available in REACH for organic chemicals, to derive a consistent set of generic and species group-specific extrapolation factors. Where ecotoxicity effect data are not available at all, we alternatively provide extrapolations from octanol-water partitioning coefficients as suitable predictor for chemicals with nonpolar narcosis as mode of action. Extrapolation factors range from 0.2 to 7 and are higher when simultaneously extrapolating across effect endpoints and exposure durations. Our results are consistent with previously reported values, while considering more endpoints, providing species group-specific factors, and characterizing uncertainty. Our proposed decision tree can be adapted to curate information from additional data sources as well as data for other environments, such as sediment ecotoxicity. Our approach and robust extrapolation factors help to increase the substance coverage for characterizing ecotoxicity effects across chemical and environmental assessment frameworks. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2568-2582. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Aurisano
- Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Technology, Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Michael Hauschild
- Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Technology, Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Peter Fantke
- Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Technology, Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
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16
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Papa E, Sangion A, Chirico N. Celebrating 40 Years of Career. Mol Inform 2019; 38:e1980831. [PMID: 31432627 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201980831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Papa
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant, 3 -, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sangion
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail -, M1C 1A4, Toronto ON, Canada
| | - Nicola Chirico
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant, 3 -, 21100, Varese, Italy
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17
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Fan LY, Zhu D, Yang Y, Huang Y, Zhang SN, Yan LC, Wang S, Zhao YH. Comparison of modes of action among different trophic levels of aquatic organisms for pesticides and medications based on interspecies correlations and excess toxicity: Theoretical consideration. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 177:25-31. [PMID: 30954009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides and medications have adverse effects in non-target organisms that can lead to different modes of action (MOAs). However, no study has been performed to compare the MOAs between different levels of aquatic species. In this study, theoretical equations of interspecies relationship and excess toxicity have been developed and used to investigate the MOAs among fish, Daphnia magna, Tetrahymena pyriformis and Vibrio fischeri for pesticides and medications. The analysis on the interspecies correlation and excess toxicity suggested that fungicides, herbicides and medications share the similar MOAs among the four species. On the other hand, insecticides share different MOAs among the four species. Exclusion of insecticides from the interspecies correlation can significantly improve regression coefficient. Interspecies relationship is dependent not only on the difference in interaction of chemicals with the target receptor(s), but also on the difference in bio-uptake between two species. The difference in physiological structures will result in the difference in bioconcentration potential between two different trophic levels of organisms. Increasing of molecular size or hydrophobicity will increase the toxicity to higher level of aquatic organisms; on the other hand, chemical ionization will decrease the toxicity to higher level organisms. Hydrophilic compounds can more easily pass through cell membrane than skin or gill, leading to greater excess toxicity to Vibrio fischeri, but not to fish and Daphnia magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Y Fan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Di Zhu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Yu Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Sheng N Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Li C Yan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Yuan H Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China.
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18
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Ding F, Wang Z, Yang X, Shi L, Liu J, Chen G. Development of classification models for predicting chronic toxicity of chemicals to Daphnia magna and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 30:39-50. [PMID: 30477347 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2018.1545694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Both the acute toxicity and chronic toxicity data on aquatic organisms are indispensable parameters in the ecological risk assessment priority chemical screening process (e.g. persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic chemicals). However, most of the present modelling actions are focused on developing predictive models for the acute toxicity of chemicals to aquatic organisms. As regards chronic aquatic toxicity, considerable work is needed. The major objective of the present study was to construct in silico models for predicting chronic toxicity data for Daphnia magna and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. In the modelling, a set of chronic toxicity data was collected for D. magna (21 days no observed effect concentration (NOEC)) and P. subcapitata (72 h NOEC), respectively. Then, binary classification models were developed for D. magna and P. subcapitata by employing the k-nearest neighbour method (k-NN). The model assessment results indicated that the obtained optimum models had high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. The model application domain was characterized by the Euclidean distance-based method. In the future, the data gap for other chemicals within the application domain on their chronic toxicity for D. magna and P. subcapitata could be filled using the models developed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ding
- a Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection , Nanjing , China
- c College of Chemistry and Molecule Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing , China
| | - Z Wang
- a Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection , Nanjing , China
| | - X Yang
- a Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection , Nanjing , China
- b Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing , China
| | - L Shi
- a Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection , Nanjing , China
| | - J Liu
- a Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection , Nanjing , China
| | - G Chen
- c College of Chemistry and Molecule Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing , China
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19
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Zhu D, Li TT, Zheng SS, Yan LC, Wang Y, Fan LY, Li C, Zhao YH. Comparison of modes of action between fish and zebrafish embryo toxicity for baseline, less inert, reactive and specifically-acting compounds. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 213:414-422. [PMID: 30243207 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The mode of action (MOA) plays a key role in the risk assessment of pollutants in water. Although fish is a key model organism used in the risk assessment of pollutants in water, the MOAs have not been compared between fish and embryo toxicity for classified compounds. In this paper, regression analysis was carried out for fish and embryo toxicities against the calculated molecular descriptors and MOAs were evaluated from toxicity ratio. The toxicity significantly related with the chemical hydrophobicity for baseline and less inert compounds, respectively, indicates that these two classes of compounds share the same MOAs between fish and embryos. Comparison of the toxicity ratios shows that reactive compounds exhibit excess toxicity to both fish and embryos. These compounds can react covalently with biologically target molecules through nucleophilic addition reactions, Michael addition oxidation, or amination. Comparing with baseline, less inert and reactive compounds, many specifically-acting compounds have strong docking capacity with protein molecules. Some specifically-acting compounds, such as fungicides, have very similar toxic effect to both fish and embryos. However, insecticides are more toxic to fish than embryos; herbicides and medications are more toxic to embryos than fish. Differences in the interactions of chemicals with target molecules or bioconcentration potentials between fish and embryos may result in the differences in toxic effects. There are some factors that influence the identification of MOAs, such as quality of toxicity data, bioavailability and ionization. These factors should be considered in the identification of MOAs in the risk assessment of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Tian T Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Shan S Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Li C Yan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Ling Y Fan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China.
| | - Yuan H Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China.
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20
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Matveieva M, Cronin MTD, Polishchuk P. Interpretation of QSAR Models: Mining Structural Patterns Taking into Account Molecular Context. Mol Inform 2018; 38:e1800084. [DOI: 10.1002/minf.201800084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Matveieva
- Institute of Molecular and Translational MedicineFaculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc Hnevotinska 5, 77900 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Mark T. D. Cronin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular SciencesLiverpool John Moores University Byrom Street Liverpool L3 3AF United Kingdom
| | - Pavel Polishchuk
- Institute of Molecular and Translational MedicineFaculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc Hnevotinska 5, 77900 Olomouc Czech Republic
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of ChemistryKazan Federal University Kremlevskaya Str. 10 Kazan Russia
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21
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Fan T, Sun G, Zhao L, Cui X, Zhong R. QSAR and Classification Study on Prediction of Acute Oral Toxicity of N-Nitroso Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3015. [PMID: 30282923 PMCID: PMC6213880 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand the mechanism of in vivo toxicity of N-nitroso compounds (NNCs), the toxicity data of 80 NNCs related to their rat acute oral toxicity data (50% lethal dose concentration, LD50) were used to establish quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and classification models. Quantum chemistry methods calculated descriptors and Dragon descriptors were combined to describe the molecular information of all compounds. Genetic algorithm (GA) and multiple linear regression (MLR) analyses were combined to develop QSAR models. Fingerprints and machine learning methods were used to establish classification models. The quality and predictive performance of all established models were evaluated by internal and external validation techniques. The best GA-MLR-based QSAR model containing eight molecular descriptors was obtained with Q²loo = 0.7533, R² = 0.8071, Q²ext = 0.7041 and R²ext = 0.7195. The results derived from QSAR studies showed that the acute oral toxicity of NNCs mainly depends on three factors, namely, the polarizability, the ionization potential (IP) and the presence/absence and frequency of C⁻O bond. For classification studies, the best model was obtained using the MACCS keys fingerprint combined with artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm. The classification models suggested that several representative substructures, including nitrile, hetero N nonbasic, alkylchloride and amine-containing fragments are main contributors for the high toxicity of NNCs. Overall, the developed QSAR and classification models of the rat acute oral toxicity of NNCs showed satisfying predictive abilities. The results provide an insight into the understanding of the toxicity mechanism of NNCs in vivo, which might be used for a preliminary assessment of NNCs toxicity to mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengjiao Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental & Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Guohui Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental & Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Lijiao Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental & Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xin Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental & Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Rugang Zhong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental & Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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22
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Van den Brink PJ, Boxall AB, Maltby L, Brooks BW, Rudd MA, Backhaus T, Spurgeon D, Verougstraete V, Ajao C, Ankley GT, Apitz SE, Arnold K, Brodin T, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Chapman J, Corrales J, Coutellec MA, Fernandes TF, Fick J, Ford AT, Papiol GG, Groh KJ, Hutchinson TH, Kruger H, Kukkonen JV, Loutseti S, Marshall S, Muir D, Ortiz-Santaliestra ME, Paul KB, Rico A, Rodea-Palomares I, Römbke J, Rydberg T, Segner H, Smit M, van Gestel CA, Vighi M, Werner I, Zimmer EI, van Wensem J. Toward sustainable environmental quality: Priority research questions for Europe. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:2281-2295. [PMID: 30027629 PMCID: PMC6214210 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals have been established to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all. Delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals will require a healthy and productive environment. An understanding of the impacts of chemicals which can negatively impact environmental health is therefore essential to the delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals. However, current research on and regulation of chemicals in the environment tend to take a simplistic view and do not account for the complexity of the real world, which inhibits the way we manage chemicals. There is therefore an urgent need for a step change in the way we study and communicate the impacts and control of chemicals in the natural environment. To do this requires the major research questions to be identified so that resources are focused on questions that really matter. We present the findings of a horizon-scanning exercise to identify research priorities of the European environmental science community around chemicals in the environment. Using the key questions approach, we identified 22 questions of priority. These questions covered overarching questions about which chemicals we should be most concerned about and where, impacts of global megatrends, protection goals, and sustainability of chemicals; the development and parameterization of assessment and management frameworks; and mechanisms to maximize the impact of the research. The research questions identified provide a first-step in the path forward for the research, regulatory, and business communities to better assess and manage chemicals in the natural environment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2281-2295. © 2018 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Van den Brink
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Wageningen Environmental Research (Alterra), P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alistair B.A. Boxall
- Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NG, UK
- Corresponding author:
| | - Lorraine Maltby
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Bryan W. Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | | | - Thomas Backhaus
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergs Gata 22 B, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Spurgeon
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, MacLean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxon, OX10 8BB, UK
| | | | - Charmaine Ajao
- European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), Annankatu 18, 00120 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gerald T. Ankley
- US Environmental Protection Agency, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN, 55804, USA
| | - Sabine E. Apitz
- SEA Environmental Decisions, Ltd., 1 South Cottages, The Ford; Little Hadham, Hertfordshire SG11 2AT, UK
| | - Kathryn Arnold
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Tomas Brodin
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM) Research Group, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Institut de Recerca de l’Aigua (IdRA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Aquatic Ecology Group, BETA Tecnio Centre, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jennifer Chapman
- Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NG, UK
| | - Jone Corrales
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | | | - Teresa F. Fernandes
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Jerker Fick
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alex T. Ford
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Ferry Road, Portsmouth, England, PO4 9LY, UK
| | - Gemma Giménez Papiol
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ksenia J. Groh
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Thomas H. Hutchinson
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
| | - Hank Kruger
- Wildlife International Ltd., Easton, Maryland, USA
| | - Jussi V.K. Kukkonen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Stefania Loutseti
- DuPont De Nemours, Agriculture & Nutrition Crop Protection, Hellas S.A. Halandri Ydras 2& Kifisias Avenue 280r. 15232 Athens, Greece
| | - Stuart Marshall
- Unilever, Safety & Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, MK441LQ, UK. (Retired)
| | - Derek Muir
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, Ontario L7S 1A1 Canada
| | - Manuel E. Ortiz-Santaliestra
- Spanish Institute of Game and Wildlife Resources (IREC) CSIC-UCLM-JCCM. Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Kai B. Paul
- Blue Frog Scientific Limited, Quantum House, 91 George St., EH2 3ES, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andreu Rico
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ismael Rodea-Palomares
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jörg Römbke
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Böttgerstrasse 2-14, D-65439 Flörsheim, Germany
| | - Tomas Rydberg
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, PO Box 5302, 40014 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mathijs Smit
- Shell Global Solutions, Carel van Bylandtlaan 30, 2596 HR The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis A.M. van Gestel
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Vighi
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inge Werner
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Joke van Wensem
- Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment, P.O. Box 20901, 2500 EX The Hague, The Netherlands
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23
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Tugcu G, Saçan MT. A multipronged QSAR approach to predict algal low-toxic-effect concentrations of substituted phenols and anilines. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 344:893-901. [PMID: 29190587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental risk assessment procedures require acute and chronic toxicity values of hazardous chemicals. In this respect, the 96-h toxicity bioassays of nitro-, methyl-, methoxy-, chloro-, and nitrile- substituted phenols and anilines to Chlorella vulgaris were performed. Median inhibitory and low-toxic-effect concentrations were reported. Significant correlations between acute and chronic toxicities were found for the chemicals in the data set regardless of mode of action. Consequently, linear models employing theoretical and empirical descriptors were developed for the prediction of NOEC and IC20. The outcome of the study will be beneficial in the risk assessments of organic chemicals and setting water quality standards by the regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulcin Tugcu
- Boğaziçi University, Institute of Environmental Sciences, 34342, Hisar Campus, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melek Türker Saçan
- Boğaziçi University, Institute of Environmental Sciences, 34342, Hisar Campus, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey.
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24
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Cronin MT, Richarz AN. Relationship Between Adverse Outcome Pathways and Chemistry-BasedIn SilicoModels to Predict Toxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2017.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark T.D. Cronin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, England
| | - Andrea-Nicole Richarz
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, Ispra, Italy
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25
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Furuhama A, Hayashi TI, Yamamoto H, Tatarazako N. External validation of acute-to-chronic models for estimation of reproductive toxicity to Daphnia magna. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 28:765-781. [PMID: 29022371 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2017.1381989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the predictivity and applicability of previously proposed models for the reproductive toxicity of chemicals to Daphnia magna [SAR QSAR Environ. Res. 27:10, 833-850] by using external data from the United States Environmental Protection Agency database ECOTOX. These models were based on quantitative structure-activity-activity relationships (QSAARs) and a quantitative activity-activity relationship (QAAR): the models can be categorized as acute-to-chronic models with (QSAAR) and without (QAAR) structural and physicochemical (e.g. distribution coefficients, log D) descriptors. We found that the QSAAR models were suitable for chemicals with an '-NH2 attached to aromatic carbon' sub-structure, whereas the QAAR model was better for multicomponent compounds, coordination complexes, tin compounds and straight-chain primary amines. For chemicals with a known specific mode of action (e.g. pesticides and antibacterial agents and their derivatives), toxicity estimation within the acute-to-chronic framework requires special attention. We evaluated the applicability of the models on the basis of the descriptors in the models. We recommend that chemicals be pre-screened before their toxicities are estimated with these models: pre-screening enabled the estimation of the toxicities of some chemicals within the applicability domains of the models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Furuhama
- a Centre for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) , Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
| | - T I Hayashi
- a Centre for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) , Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
| | - H Yamamoto
- a Centre for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) , Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
| | - N Tatarazako
- a Centre for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) , Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
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26
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Tratnyek PG, Bylaska EJ, Weber EJ. In silico environmental chemical science: properties and processes from statistical and computational modelling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2017; 19:188-202. [PMID: 28262894 DOI: 10.1039/c7em00053g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) have long been used in the environmental sciences. More recently, molecular modeling and chemoinformatic methods have become widespread. These methods have the potential to expand and accelerate advances in environmental chemistry because they complement observational and experimental data with "in silico" results and analysis. The opportunities and challenges that arise at the intersection between statistical and theoretical in silico methods are most apparent in the context of properties that determine the environmental fate and effects of chemical contaminants (degradation rate constants, partition coefficients, toxicities, etc.). The main example of this is the calibration of QSARs using descriptor variable data calculated from molecular modeling, which can make QSARs more useful for predicting property data that are unavailable, but also can make them more powerful tools for diagnosis of fate determining pathways and mechanisms. Emerging opportunities for "in silico environmental chemical science" are to move beyond the calculation of specific chemical properties using statistical models and toward more fully in silico models, prediction of transformation pathways and products, incorporation of environmental factors into model predictions, integration of databases and predictive models into more comprehensive and efficient tools for exposure assessment, and extending the applicability of all the above from chemicals to biologicals and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Tratnyek
- Institute of Environmental Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Eric J Bylaska
- William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Eric J Weber
- National Exposure Assessment Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 960 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA
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