1
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Mayer C, Riera-Ponsati L, Kauppinen S, Klitgaard H, Erler JT, Hansen SN. Targeting the NRF2 pathway for disease modification in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1437939. [PMID: 39119604 PMCID: PMC11306042 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1437939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases constitute a global health issue and a major economic burden. They significantly impair both cognitive and motor functions, and their prevalence is expected to rise due to ageing societies and continuous population growth. Conventional therapies provide symptomatic relief, nevertheless, disease-modifying treatments that reduce or halt neuron death and malfunction are still largely unavailable. Amongst the common hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases are protein aggregation, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) constitutes a central regulator of cellular defense mechanisms, including the regulation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and mitochondrial pathways, making it a highly attractive therapeutic target for disease modification in neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we describe the role of NRF2 in the common hallmarks of neurodegeneration, review the current pharmacological interventions and their challenges in activating the NRF2 pathway, and present alternative therapeutic approaches for disease modification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lluís Riera-Ponsati
- NEUmiRNA Therapeutics, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for RNA Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sakari Kauppinen
- NEUmiRNA Therapeutics, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for RNA Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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2
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Muzammil K, Sabah Ghnim Z, Saeed Gataa I, Fawzi Al-Hussainy A, Ali Soud N, Adil M, Ali Shallan M, Yasamineh S. NRF2-mediated regulation of lipid pathways in viral infection. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 97:101279. [PMID: 38772081 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The first line of defense against viral infection of the host cell is the cellular lipid membrane, which is also a crucial first site of contact for viruses. Lipids may sometimes be used as viral receptors by viruses. For effective infection, viruses significantly depend on lipid rafts during the majority of the viral life cycle. It has been discovered that different viruses employ different lipid raft modification methods for attachment, internalization, membrane fusion, genome replication, assembly, and release. To preserve cellular homeostasis, cells have potent antioxidant, detoxifying, and cytoprotective capabilities. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), widely expressed in many tissues and cell types, is one crucial component controlling electrophilic and oxidative stress (OS). NRF2 has recently been given novel tasks, including controlling inflammation and antiviral interferon (IFN) responses. The activation of NRF2 has two effects: it may both promote and prevent the development of viral diseases. NRF2 may also alter the host's metabolism and innate immunity during viral infection. However, its primary function in viral infections is to regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS). In several research, the impact of NRF2 on lipid metabolism has been examined. NRF2 is also involved in the control of lipids during viral infection. We evaluated NRF2's function in controlling viral and lipid infections in this research. We also looked at how lipids function in viral infections. Finally, we investigated the role of NRF2 in lipid modulation during viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khursheed Muzammil
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha, 62561, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Nashat Ali Soud
- Collage of Dentist, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, 64001, Iraq
| | | | | | - Saman Yasamineh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
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3
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Dai ZH, Zhou CC, Yu CY, Qian CJ, Jin SQ, Du SQ, Lv YY, Jin C, Zheng G, Zhan Y. Gamma-oryzanol alleviates osteoarthritis development by targeting Keap1-Nrf2 binding to interfere with chondrocyte ferroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111469. [PMID: 38211480 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disorder pathologically correlated to chondrocyte ferroptosis. Gamma-oryzanol (γ-Ory), as a first-line drug for autonomic disorders, aroused our interest because of its antioxidant, lipid-lowering, and hypoglycemic potential. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential impact and mechanism of γ-Ory in treating OA. And the inhibition of γ-Ory in extracellular matrix molecule (ECM) degradation, ferroptosis, and Keap1-Nrf2 binding in IL-1β-exposed chondrocytes was detected via immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and co-immunoprecipitation. Micro-CT, SO staining, and immunofluorescence have been conducted to assess the impact of γ-Ory treatment on ACLT-mediated OA in rats at both imaging and histological stages. We found that γ-Ory dose-dependently suppressed IL-1β-induced ECM deterioration and chondrocyte ferroptosis. Our animal experiments revealed that γ-Ory delayed ACLT-mediated OA development. Mechanistically, γ-Ory interfered with the binding of Keap1 to Nrf2 to promote the latter's nuclear import, thereby increasing the expression of detoxification enzymes. Summarily, our works support γ-Ory's potential as a candidate drug for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Han Dai
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2# Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chen-Cheng Zhou
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cai-Yu Yu
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cheng-Jie Qian
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109# Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shu-Qing Jin
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Qi Du
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Yun Lv
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chen Jin
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109# Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Gang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109# Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2# Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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4
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Zhang J, Cai YS, Ji HL, Ma M, Zhang JH, Cheng ZQ, Wang KM, Jiang CS, Zhuang C, Hu Y, Meng N. Discovery of marine phidianidine-based Nrf2 activators and their potential against oxLDL- and HG-induced injury in HUVECs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 95:129468. [PMID: 37689216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
One effective strategy for treating atherosclerosis is to inhibit the injury of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and high glucose (HG). This study synthesized and evaluated a series of novel Nrf2 activators derived from the marine natural product phidianidine for their ability to protect human umbilical VECs against oxLDL- and HG-induced injury. The results of in vitro bioassays demonstrated that compound D-36 was the most promising Nrf2 activator, effectively inhibiting the apoptosis of HUVECs induced by oxLDL and HG. Furthermore, Nrf2 knockdown experiments confirmed that compound D-36 protected against oxLDL- and HG-induced apoptosis in HUVECs by activating the Nrf2 pathway. These findings provide important insights into a new chemotype of marine-derived Nrf2 activators that could potentially be optimized to develop effective anti-atherosclerosis agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yong-Si Cai
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hua-Long Ji
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Mengqi Ma
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Jin-He Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Cheng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Kai-Ming Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Cheng-Shi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Yang Hu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Ning Meng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
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5
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Iegre J, Krajcovicova S, Gunnarsson A, Wissler L, Käck H, Luchniak A, Tångefjord S, Narjes F, Spring DR. A cell-active cyclic peptide targeting the Nrf2/Keap1 protein-protein interaction. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10800-10805. [PMID: 37829032 PMCID: PMC10566475 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04083f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The disruption of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between Nrf2 and Keap1 is an attractive strategy to counteract the oxidative stress that characterises a variety of severe diseases. Peptides represent a complementary approach to small molecules for the inhibition of this therapeutically important PPI. However, due to their polar nature and the negative net charge required for binding to Keap1, the peptides reported to date exhibit either mid-micromolar activity or are inactive in cells. Herein, we present a two-component peptide stapling strategy to rapidly access a variety of constrained and functionalised peptides that target the Nrf2/Keap1 PPI. The most promising peptide, P8-H containing a fatty acid tag, binds to Keap1 with nanomolar affinity and is effective at inducing transcription of ARE genes in a human lung epithelial cell line at sub-micromolar concentration. Furthermore, crystallography of the peptide in complex with Keap1 yielded a high resolution X-ray structure, adding to the toolbox of structures available to develop cell-permeable peptidomimetic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Iegre
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry Lensfield Road CB2 1EW Cambridge UK
| | - Sona Krajcovicova
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry Lensfield Road CB2 1EW Cambridge UK
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Palacky University Olomouc Tr. 17. Listopadu 12 77900 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Anders Gunnarsson
- Mechanistic and Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Pepparedsleden 1 43183 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Lisa Wissler
- Mechanistic and Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Pepparedsleden 1 43183 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Helena Käck
- Mechanistic and Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Pepparedsleden 1 43183 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Anna Luchniak
- Mechanistic and Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Pepparedsleden 1 43183 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Stefan Tångefjord
- BioScience, Research & Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Pepparedsleden 1 43183 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Frank Narjes
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research & Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Pepparedsleden 1 43183 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - David R Spring
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry Lensfield Road CB2 1EW Cambridge UK
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Alzain AA, Mukhtar RM, Abdelmoniem N, Shoaib TH, Osman W, Alsulaimany M, Aljohani AKB, Almadani SA, Alsaadi BH, Althubyani MM, Mohamed SGA, Mohamed GA, Ibrahim SRM. Modulation of NRF2/KEAP1-Mediated Oxidative Stress for Cancer Treatment by Natural Products Using Pharmacophore-Based Screening, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Studies. Molecules 2023; 28:6003. [PMID: 37630254 PMCID: PMC10459127 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the development of cancer. Inhibiting the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between Keap1 and Nrf2 offers a promising strategy to activate the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, which is normally suppressed by the binding of Keap1 to Nrf2. This study aimed to identify natural compounds capable of targeting the kelch domain of KEAP1 using structure-based drug design methods. A pharmacophore model was constructed based on the KEAP1-inhibitor complex, leading to the selection of 6178 compounds that matched the model. Subsequently, docking and MM/GBSA analyses were conducted, resulting in the identification of 10 compounds with superior binding energies compared to the reference compound. From these, three compounds (ZINC000002123788, ZINC000002111341, and ZINC000002125904) were chosen for further investigation. Ligand-residue interaction analysis revealed specific interactions between these compounds and key residues, indicating their stability within the binding site. ADMET analysis confirmed that the selected compounds possessed desirable drug-like properties. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations were performed, demonstrating the stability of the ligand-protein complexes over a 100 ns duration. These findings underscore the potential of the selected natural compounds as agents targeting KEAP1 and provide valuable insights for future experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahim A. Alzain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani 21111, Sudan (N.A.); (T.H.S.)
| | - Rua M. Mukhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani 21111, Sudan (N.A.); (T.H.S.)
| | - Nihal Abdelmoniem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani 21111, Sudan (N.A.); (T.H.S.)
| | - Tagyedeen H. Shoaib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani 21111, Sudan (N.A.); (T.H.S.)
| | - Wadah Osman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11115, Sudan
| | - Marwa Alsulaimany
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (A.K.B.A.)
| | - Ahmed K. B. Aljohani
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (A.K.B.A.)
| | - Sara A. Almadani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Baiaan H. Alsaadi
- Department of Clinical Services, Pharmaceutical Care Services, King Salman Medical City, MOH, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah 11176, Saudi Arabia; (B.H.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Maryam M. Althubyani
- Department of Clinical Services, Pharmaceutical Care Services, King Salman Medical City, MOH, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah 11176, Saudi Arabia; (B.H.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Shaimaa G. A. Mohamed
- Faculty of Dentistry, British University, El Sherouk City, Suez Desert Road, Cairo 11837, Egypt;
| | - Gamal A. Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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7
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Zhao Z, Dong R, You Q, Jiang Z. Medicinal Chemistry Insights into the Development of Small-Molecule Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1-Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Keap1-Nrf2) Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37441735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated in a wide range of pathological conditions. The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) exerts a central role in regulating the cellular defense system against oxidative and electrophilic insults. Nonelectrophilic inhibition of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and Nrf2 has become a promising approach to activate Nrf2. Recently, multiple drug discovery strategies have facilitated the development of small-molecule Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitors with potent activity and favorable drug-like properties. In this Perspective, we summarize the latest progress of small-molecule Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitors from medicinal chemistry insights and discuss future prospects and challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziquan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruitian Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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8
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Sun Y, Xu L, Zheng D, Wang J, Liu G, Mo Z, Liu C, Zhang W, Yu J, Xing C, He L, Zhuang C. A potent phosphodiester Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction inhibitor as the efficient treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102793. [PMID: 37385075 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway has been established as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Directly inhibiting the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between Keap1 and Nrf2 has been reported as an effective strategy for treating AD. Our group has validated this in an AD mouse model for the first time using the inhibitor 1,4-diaminonaphthalene NXPZ-2 with high concentrations. In the present study, we reported a new phosphodiester containing diaminonaphthalene compound, POZL, designed to target the PPI interface using a structure-based design strategy to combat oxidative stress in AD pathogenesis. Our crystallographic verification confirms that POZL shows potent Keap1-Nrf2 inhibition. Remarkably, POZL showed its high in vivo anti-AD efficacy at a much lower dosage compared to NXPZ-2 in the transgenic APP/PS1 AD mouse model. POZL treatment in the transgenic mice could effectively ameliorate learning and memory dysfunction by promoting the Nrf2 nuclear translocation. As a result, the oxidative stress and AD biomarker expression such as BACE1 and hyperphosphorylation of Tau were significantly reduced, and the synaptic function was recovered. HE and Nissl staining confirmed that POZL improved brain tissue pathological changes by enhancing neuron quantity and function. Furthermore, it was confirmed that POZL could effectively reverse Aβ-caused synaptic damage by activating Nrf2 in primary cultured cortical neurons. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that the phosphodiester diaminonaphthalene Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitor could be regarded as a promising preclinical candidate of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lijuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China; The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Dongpeng Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zixin Mo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China; The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China; The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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9
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Zhang X, Cui K, Wang X, Tong Y, Liu C, Zhu Y, You Q, Jiang Z, Guo X. Novel Hydrogen Sulfide Hybrid Derivatives of Keap1-Nrf2 Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitor Alleviate Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Acute Experimental Colitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051062. [PMID: 37237928 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology possibly associated with intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress. Molecular hybridization by combining two drug fragments to achieve a common pharmacological goal represents a novel strategy. The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway provides an effective defense mechanism for UC therapy, and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) shows similar and relevant biological functions as well. In this work, a series of hybrid derivatives were synthesized by connecting an inhibitor of Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction with two well-established H2S-donor moieties, respectively, via an ester linker, to find a drug candidate more effective for the UC treatment. Subsequently, the cytoprotective effects of hybrids derivatives were investigated, and DDO-1901 was identified as a candidate showing the best efficacy and used for further investigation on therapeutic effect on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in vitro and in vivo. Experimental results indicated that DDO-1901 could effectively alleviate DSS-induced colitis by improving the defense against oxidative stress and reducing inflammation, more potent than parent drugs. Compared with either drug alone, such molecular hybridization may offer an attractive strategy for the treatment of multifactorial inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Keni Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chihong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuechao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoke Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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10
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Qi Z, Tong Y, Luo H, Chen M, Zhou N, Chen L. Neuroprotective effect of a Keap1-Nrf2 Protein-Protein Inter-action inhibitor on cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion injury. Bioorg Chem 2023; 132:106350. [PMID: 36681044 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been confirmed to be closely related to the occurrence and development of cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R). The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is widely recognized as a defensive system to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. Targeting Keap1-Nrf2 interaction by small molecules to release Nrf2 should be a promising strategy to treat cerebral I/R injury. The piperazinyl-naphthalenesulfonamide 6 K was reported to be a Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction inhibitor, showing promising antioxidative effect. Herein, this study is to investigate whether 6 K could prevent brain from I/R injury. The related mechanism of oxidative stress was also elucidated using in vivo mice middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and in vitro SH-SY5Y oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model. The results indicated that treatment of 6 K markedly decreased infarct volume, apoptotic neurons and oxidative damage and promoted neurologic recovery in vivo. The cell model revealed that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) was decreased, and cell viability was increased. Western blots and immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that compound treatment promoted Nrf2 release and nuclear translocation. The downstream protective enzymes were significantly enhanced at both in vivo and in vitro levels. Collectively, 6 K is a promising protective agent against cerebral I/R injury through activation of Nrf2 to suppress oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengxin Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, China; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, China
| | - Yusheng Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, China; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, China
| | - Hao Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, China; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, China; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, China; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, China.
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, China; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, China.
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11
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A Multifunctional (-)-Meptazinol-Serotonin Hybrid Ameliorates Oxidative Stress-Associated Apoptotic Neuronal Death and Memory Deficits via Activating the Nrf2/Antioxidant Enzyme Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:6935947. [PMID: 36819782 PMCID: PMC9935814 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6935947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves multiple pathophysiological processes. Oxidative stress is a major cause of AD-associated neuronal injury. The current research was designed to examine whether a novel (-)-meptazinol-serotonin hybrid (Mep-S) with potent antioxidant activity and additional inhibitory properties for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity could attenuate oxidative neuronal damage and cognitive deficits. In human SH-SY5Y cells, Mep-S suppressed H2O2-induced apoptosis by restoring mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibiting caspase-3 activation. Meanwhile, it attenuated oxidative stress elicited by H2O2 through lessening generation of reactive oxygen species as well as enhancing production of glutathione (GSH) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Mechanistically, Mep-S promoted nuclear translocation of a transcription factor nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) in H2O2-challenged cells. This effect was accompanied by reduction in Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1) levels as well as augmentation of Akt phosphorylation and expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1). Molecular docking analysis revealed that Mep-S may disrupt the protein-protein interactions between Keap1 and Nrf2. In an in vivo mouse model, Mep-S attenuated scopolamine-caused cognitive deficits with inhibition of apoptotic neuronal death and brain AChE activity. Furthermore, the scopolamine-induced impairment of total antioxidant capacity and reduction in SOD1, SOD2, and γ-glutamate-cysteine ligase expression in the brain were counteracted by Mep-S, accompanied by decreased Keap1 levels, increased Akt catalytic subunit and Nrf2 phosphorylation, and decreased Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO-1 expression. Collectively, our results suggest that Mep-S ameliorates apoptotic neuronal death and memory dysfunction associated with oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2/antioxidant enzyme pathway through inactivating Keap1 and phosphorylating Nrf2 via Akt activation. Therefore, Mep-S may be a potential lead for multitarget neuroprotective agents to treat AD-like symptoms.
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12
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Zhang H, Liu C, Zhu D, Zhang Q, Li J. Medicinal Chemistry Strategies for the Development of Inhibitors Disrupting β-Catenin's Interactions with Its Nuclear Partners. J Med Chem 2023; 66:1-31. [PMID: 36583662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is strongly associated with various aspects of cancer, including tumor initiation, proliferation, and metastasis as well as antitumor immunity, and presents a promising opportunity for cancer therapy. Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation increases nuclear dephosphorylated β-catenin levels, resulting in β-catenin binding to TCF and additional cotranscription factors, such as BCL9, CBP, and p300. Therefore, directly disrupting β-catenin's interactions with these nuclear partners holds promise for the effective and selective suppression of the aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Herein, we summarize recent advances in biochemical techniques and medicinal chemistry strategies used to identify potent peptide-based and small-molecule inhibitors that directly disrupt β-catenin's interactions with its nuclear binding partners. We discuss the challenges involved in developing drug-like inhibitors that target the interactions of β-catenin and its nuclear binding partner into therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.,Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chenglong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Di Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Qingwei Zhang
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianqi Li
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
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13
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Frantz MC, Rozot R, Marrot L. NRF2 in dermo-cosmetic: From scientific knowledge to skin care products. Biofactors 2023; 49:32-61. [PMID: 36258295 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The skin is the organ that is most susceptible to the impact of the exposome. Located at the interface with the external environment, it protects internal organs through the barrier function of the epidermis. It must adapt to the consequences of the harmful effects of solar radiation, the various chemical constituents of atmospheric pollution, and wounds associated with mechanical damage: oxidation, cytotoxicity, inflammation, and so forth. In this biological context, a capacity to adapt to the various stresses caused by the exposome is essential; otherwise, more or less serious conditions may develop accelerated aging, pigmentation disorders, atopy, psoriasis, and skin cancers. Nrf2-controlled pathways play a key role at this level. Nrf2 is a transcription factor that controls genes involved in oxidative stress protection and detoxification of chemicals. Its involvement in UV protection, reduction of inflammation in processes associated with healing, epidermal differentiation for barrier function, and hair regrowth, has been demonstrated. The modulation of Nrf2 in the skin may therefore constitute a skin protection or care strategy for certain dermatological stresses and disorders initiated or aggravated by the exposome. Nrf2 inducers can act through different modes of action. Keap1-dependent mechanisms include modification of the cysteine residues of Keap1 by (pro)electrophiles or prooxidants, and disruption of the Keap1-Nrf2 complex. Indirect mechanisms are suggested for numerous phytochemicals, acting on upstream pathways, or via hormesis. While developing novel and safe Nrf2 modulators for skin care may be challenging, new avenues can arise from natural compounds-based molecular modeling and emerging concepts such as epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roger Rozot
- Advanced Research, L'OREAL Research & Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Laurent Marrot
- Advanced Research, L'OREAL Research & Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
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14
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Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122345. [PMID: 36552553 PMCID: PMC9774434 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms are continually exposed to exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other oxidants that have both beneficial and deleterious effects on the cell. ROS have important roles in a wide range of physiological processes; however, high ROS levels are associated with oxidative stress and disease progression. Oxidative stress has been implicated in nearly all major human diseases, from neurogenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Antioxidant defence systems have evolved as a means of protection against oxidative stress, with the transcription factor Nrf2 as the key regulator. Nrf2 is responsible for regulating an extensive panel of antioxidant enzymes involved in the detoxification and elimination of oxidative stress and has been extensively studied in the disease contexts. This review aims to provide the reader with a general overview of oxidative stress and Nrf2, including basic mechanisms of Nrf2 activation and regulation, and implications in various major human diseases.
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15
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Li J, Cai Z, Li XW, Zhuang C. Natural Product-Inspired Targeted Protein Degraders: Advances and Perspectives. J Med Chem 2022; 65:13533-13560. [PMID: 36205223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation (TPD), a promising therapeutic strategy in drug discovery, has great potential to regulate the endogenous degradation of undruggable targets with small molecules. As vital resources that provide diverse structural templates for drug discovery, natural products (NPs) are a rising and robust arsenal for the development of therapeutic TPD. The first proof-of-concept study of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) was a natural polyketide ovalicin-derived degrader; since then, NPs have shown great potential to promote TPD technology. The use of NP-inspired targeted protein degraders has been confirmed to be a promising strategy to treat many human conditions, including cancer, inflammation, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nevertheless, the development of NP-inspired degraders is challenging, and the field is currently in its infancy. In this review, we summarize the bioactivities and mechanisms of NP-inspired degraders and discuss the associated challenges and future opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhenyu Cai
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xu-Wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China.,Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong 264117, China
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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16
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Nrf2 signaling activation by a small molecule activator compound 16 inhibits hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury and death in osteoblasts. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:353. [PMID: 35941127 PMCID: PMC9360014 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We explored the potential activity of compound 16 (Cpd16), a novel small molecule Nrf2 activator, in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-stimulated osteoblasts. In the primary murine/human osteoblasts and MC3T3-E1 murine osteoblastic cells, Cpd16 treatment at micro-molar concentrations caused disassociation of Keap1-Nrf2 and Nrf2 cascade activation. Cpd16 induced stabilization of Nrf2 protein and its nuclear translocation, thereby increasing the antioxidant response elements (ARE) reporter activity and Nrf2 response genes transcription in murine and human osteoblasts. Significantly, Cpd16 mitigated oxidative injury in H2O2-stimulited osteoblasts. H2O2-provoked apoptosis as well as programmed necrosis in osteoblasts were significantly alleviated by the novel Nrf2 activator. Cpd16-induced Nrf2 activation and osteoblasts protection were stronger than other known Nrf2 activators. Dexamethasone- and nicotine-caused oxidative stress and death in osteoblasts were attenuated by Cpd16 as well. Cpd16-induced osteoblast cytoprotection was abolished by Nrf2 short hairpin RNA or knockout, but was mimicked by Keap1 knockout. Keap1 Cys151S mutation abolished Cpd16-induced Nrf2 cascade activation and osteoblasts protection against H2O2. Importantly, weekly Cpd16 administration largely ameliorated trabecular bone loss in ovariectomy mice. Together, Cpd16 alleviates H2O2-induced oxidative stress and death in osteoblasts by activating Nrf2 cascade.
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17
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Li N, Liu T, Zhu S, Yang Y, Wang Z, Zhao Z, Liu T, Wang X, Qin W, Yan Y, Liu Y, Xia Q, Zhang H. Corylin from Psoralea fructus (Psoralea corylifolia L.) protects against UV-induced skin aging by activating Nrf2 defense mechanisms. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3276-3294. [PMID: 35821646 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress damage can lead to premature skin aging or age-related skin disorders. Therefore, strategies to improve oxidative stress-induced aging are needed to protect the skin and to treat skin diseases. This study aimed to determine whether the flavonoid corylin derived from Psoralea corylifolia can prevent UV-induced skin aging and if so, to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. We found that corylin potently blocked UV-induced skin photoaging in mice by reducing oxidative stress and increasing the nuclear expression of nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 Nrf2. We also found that corylin stimulated Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus and increased the delivery of its target antioxidant genes together with Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) to dissociate Nrf2. These findings indicate that corylin could prevent skin aging by inhibiting oxidative stress via Keap1-Nrf2 in mouse cells. Thus, Nrf2 activation might be a therapeutic target for preventing skin aging or skin diseases caused by aging. Our findings also provided evidence that warrants the further investigation of plant ingredients to facilitate the discovery of novel therapies targeting skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijing Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyue Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiao Qin
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqi Yan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Chinese Medical College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmei Xia
- Chinese Medical College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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18
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Structure-activity relationships of 1,4-bis(arylsulfonamido)-benzene or naphthalene-N,N'-diacetic acids with varying C2-substituents as inhibitors of Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 237:114380. [PMID: 35462166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway plays an important role in responding to oxidative stress and maintaining the redox homeostasis. Small molecule inhibitors targeting directly the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction (PPI) can potentially be developed into effective preventive and therapeutic agents for numerous chronic inflammatory diseases. To improve the drug-like properties and inhibitory potency of these inhibitors, a series of 1,4-bis(arylsulfonamido)benzene or naphthalene-N,N'-diacetic acids with varying substituents at C-2 position of the benzene or naphthalene core were designed and synthesized. Among them, compound 12d with 2-(4-fluorobenzyloxy) group was the most potent direct inhibitor of Keap1-Nrf2 PPI with an IC50 of 64.5 nM in the fluorescent polarization (FP) assay and 14.2 nM in a time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) assay. Moreover, cell-based biological assay showed that 12d significantly increased the mRNA levels of Nrf2 downstream genes, GSTM3, HMOX2 and NQO1, through Nrf2 activation. The discovery of the new scaffolds possessing diverse O-linked fragments at the C2 position offers opportunities to further modify the chemical structures of Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitors to improve their pharmacokinetic, efficacy and safety profiles.
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19
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Liu G, Hou R, Xu L, Zhang X, Yan J, Xing C, Xu K, Zhuang C. Crystallography-Guided Optimizations of the Keap1-Nrf2 Inhibitors on the Solvent Exposed Region: From Symmetric to Asymmetric Naphthalenesulfonamides. J Med Chem 2022; 65:8289-8302. [PMID: 35687391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Directly inhibiting the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction has been investigated as a promising strategy to activate Nrf2 for anti-inflammation. We previously reported a naphthalensulfonamide Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitor NXPZ-2, but have not determined the exact binding mode with Keap1. This symmetric naphthalenesulfonamide compound has relatively low solubility. Herein, we first determined a crystal complex (resolution: 2.3 Å) of human Keap1 Kelch domain with NXPZ-2. Further optimizations on the solvent exposed region obtained asymmetric naphthalenesulfonamides and three crystal structures of Keap1 in complex with designed compounds. Among them, the asymmetric piperazinyl-naphthalenesulfonamide 6k with better aqueous solubility showed the best KD2 value of 0.21 μM to block the interaction. The productions of ROS and NO and the expression of TNF-α were inhibited by 6k in the in vitro model. This compound could relieve inflammations by significantly increasing the Nrf2 nuclear translocation in the LPS-induced ALI model with promising pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Ruilin Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Lijuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xinqi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jianyu Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Ke Xu
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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20
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Zhang Q, Zhang J, Liu B, Wei J. Licochalcone E inhibits trxR1 expression, alters Nrf2/STAT6 signal, and induces antitumor effects in vitro against human SH-SY5Y and SK-N-BE(2) neuroblastoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1173-1184. [PMID: 35092341 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid tumor of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) arising in childhood less than 15 years age. Licochalcone (Lic) is known to show inhibitory effects in cancer growth, and there has evidence suggested that Lic A inhibits hypoxic induced NB SK-N-SH cell proliferation. However, it is unclear whether LicE exerts similar effects in NB and the associated molecular mechanism of Lic in neuroblastoma is still unclear. In the current study, we found that LicE at the concentration 2, 4 and 6 μM all induced a profound reduction in cell viability, colony formation and cell proliferation. Next, LicE treatment effectively promoted cell apoptosis, inhibited cell migration and invasion. LicE significantly suppressed trxR1 expression, activated Nrf2 expression and inhibited STAT6 expression in SH-SY5Y and SK-N-BE(2) NB cells. We further identified that trxR1, STAT6 overexpression or Nrf2 silence reversed the antitumor effects of LicE in human SH-SY5Y and SK-N-BE(2) NB cells. Finally, LicE treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth in nude mice carrying a SK-N-SH cell xenograft. These results provide new insights into the effects and highlighting a novel mechanism of LicE through regulating trxR1/Nrf2/STAT6 signal pathway in NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Bailing Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingli Wei
- Department of Ultrasound, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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21
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Ulasov AV, Rosenkranz AA, Georgiev GP, Sobolev AS. Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling: Towards specific regulation. Life Sci 2022; 291:120111. [PMID: 34732330 PMCID: PMC8557391 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Nrf2 transcription factor governs the expression of hundreds genes involved in cell defense against oxidative stress, the hallmark of numerous diseases such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, some viral pathologies, diabetes and others. The main route for Nrf2 activity regulation is via interactions with the Keap1 protein. Under the normoxia the Keap1 binds the Nrf2 and targets it to the proteasomal degradation, while the Keap1 is regenerated. Upon oxidative stress the interactions between Nrf2 and Keap1 are interrupted and the Nrf2 activates the transcription of the protective genes. Currently, the Nrf2 system activation is considered as a powerful cytoprotective strategy for treatment of different pathologies, which pathogenesis relies on oxidative stress including viral diseases of pivotal importance such as COVID-19. The implementation of this strategy is accomplished mainly through the inactivation of the Keap1 "guardian" function. Two approaches are now developing: the Keap1 modification via electrophilic agents, which leads to the Nrf2 release, and direct interruption of the Nrf2:Keap1 protein-protein interactions (PPI). Because of theirs chemical structure, the Nrf2 electrophilic inducers could non-specifically interact with others cellular proteins leading to undesired effects. Whereas the non-electrophilic inhibitors of the Nrf2:Keap1 PPI could be more specific, thereby widening the therapeutic window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Ulasov
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Andrey A Rosenkranz
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskiye Gory St., 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgii P Georgiev
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Sobolev
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskiye Gory St., 119234 Moscow, Russia
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22
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Bevinakoppamath S, Ramachandra SC, Yadav AK, Basavaraj V, Vishwanath P, Prashant A. Understanding the Emerging Link Between Circadian Rhythm, Nrf2 Pathway, and Breast Cancer to Overcome Drug Resistance. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:719631. [PMID: 35126099 PMCID: PMC8807567 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.719631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The levels of different molecules in the cell are rhythmically cycled by the molecular clock present at the cellular level. The circadian rhythm is closely linked to the metabolic processes in the cells by an underlying mechanism whose intricacies need to be thoroughly investigated. Nevertheless, Nrf2 has been identified as an essential bridge between the circadian clock and cellular metabolism and is activated by the by-product of cellular metabolism like hydrogen peroxide. Once activated it binds to the specific DNA segments and increases the transcription of several genes that play a crucial role in the normal functioning of the cell. The central clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the anterior hypothalamus synchronizes the timekeeping in the peripheral tissues by integrating the light-dark input from the environment. Several studies have demonstrated the role of circadian rhythm as an effective tumor suppressor. Tumor development is triggered by the stimulation or disruption of signaling pathways at the cellular level as a result of the interaction between cells and environmental stimuli. Oxidative stress is one such external stimulus that disturbs the prooxidant/antioxidant equilibrium due to the loss of control over signaling pathways which destroy the bio-molecules. Altered Nrf2 expression and impaired redox balance are associated with various cancers suggesting that Nrf2 targeting may be used as a novel therapeutic approach for treating cancers. On the other hand, Nrf2 has also been shown to enhance the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. We believe that maximum efficacy with minimum side effects for any particular therapy can be achieved if the treatment strategy regulates the circadian rhythm. In this review, we discuss the various molecular mechanisms interlinking the circadian rhythm with the Nrf2 pathway and contributing to breast cancer pathogenesis, we also talk about how these two pathways work in close association with the cell cycle which is another oscillatory system, and whether this interplay can be exploited to overcome drug resistance during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Bevinakoppamath
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Shobha Chikkavaddaragudi Ramachandra
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Anshu Kumar Yadav
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Vijaya Basavaraj
- Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Prashant Vishwanath
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Akila Prashant
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
- Special Interest Group-Human Genomics and Rare Disorders, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
- *Correspondence: Akila Prashant,
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23
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Li G, Liu H, Feng R, Kang TS, Wang W, Ko CN, Wong CY, Ye M, Ma DL, Wan JB, Leung CH. A bioactive ligand-conjugated iridium(III) metal-based complex as a Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction inhibitor against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury. Redox Biol 2021; 48:102129. [PMID: 34526248 PMCID: PMC8710994 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity caused by an overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) is the leading reason for acute drug-related liver failure. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a protein that helps to regulate redox homeostasis and coordinate stress responses via binding to the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). Targeting the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction has recently emerged as a potential strategy to alleviate liver injury caused by APAP. Here, we designed and synthesized a number of iridium (III) and rhodium (III) complexes bearing ligands with reported activity against oxidative stress, which is associated with Nrf2 transcriptional activation. The iridium (III) complex 1 bearing a bioactive ligand 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline and 4-chloro-2-phenylquinoline, a derivative of the bioactive ligand 2-phenylquinoline, was identified as a direct small-molecule inhibitor of the Keap1–Nrf2 protein-protein interaction. 1 could stabilize Keap1 protein, upregulate HO-1 and NQO1, and promote Nrf2 nuclear translocation in normal liver cells. Moreover, 1 reversed APAP-induced liver damage by disrupting Keap1–Nrf2 interaction and without inducing organ damage and immunotoxicity in mice. Our study demonstrates the identification of a selective and efficacious antagonist of Keap1–Nrf2 interaction possessed good cellular permeability in cellulo and ideal pharmacokinetic parameters in vivo, and, more importantly, validates the feasibility of conjugating metal complexes with bioactive ligands to generate metal-based drug leads as non-toxic Keap1–Nrf2 interaction inhibitors for treating APAP-induced acute liver injury. 1 reversed APAP-induced liver damage by disrupting Keap1–Nrf2 interaction without inducing organ damage or immunotoxicity. Complex 1 possessed good cellular permeability in cellulo and ideal pharmacokinetic parameters in vivo. Conjugating metal complexes with bioactive ligands opens a novel avenue for the treatment of APAP-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ruibing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Tian-Shu Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wanhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Chung-Nga Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Yuen Wong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
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Nrf2, the Major Regulator of the Cellular Oxidative Stress Response, is Partially Disordered. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147434. [PMID: 34299054 PMCID: PMC8305528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription regulator that plays a pivotal role in coordinating the cellular response to oxidative stress. Through interactions with other proteins, such as Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), CREB-binding protein (CBP), and retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRα), Nrf2 mediates the transcription of cytoprotective genes critical for removing toxicants and preventing DNA damage, thereby playing a significant role in chemoprevention. Dysregulation of Nrf2 is linked to tumorigenesis and chemoresistance, making Nrf2 a promising target for anticancer therapeutics. However, despite the physiological importance of Nrf2, the molecular details of this protein and its interactions with most of its targets remain unknown, hindering the rational design of Nrf2-targeted therapeutics. With this in mind, we used a combined bioinformatics and experimental approach to characterize the structure of full-length Nrf2 and its interaction with Keap1. Our results show that Nrf2 is partially disordered, with transiently structured elements in its Neh2, Neh7, and Neh1 domains. Moreover, interaction with the Kelch domain of Keap1 leads to protection of the binding motifs in the Neh2 domain of Nrf2, while the rest of the protein remains highly dynamic. This work represents the first detailed structural characterization of full-length Nrf2 and provides valuable insights into the molecular basis of Nrf2 activity modulation in oxidative stress response.
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Zhang L, Xu L, Chen H, Zhang W, Xing C, Qu Z, Yu J, Zhuang C. Structure-based molecular hybridization design of Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors as novel protective agents of acute lung injury. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 222:113599. [PMID: 34119834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Blocking the Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-related protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway represents as a promising strategy to reduce oxidative stress and related-inflammation, including acute lung injury (ALI). NXPZ-2, a naphthalensulfonamide derivative, was previously reported to effectively inhibit the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction (PPI) by our group. In the present work, a series of novel isothiocyanate-containing naphthalensulfonamides with the thioether, sulfoxide and sulfone moieties were designed by a structure-based molecular hybridization strategy using NXPZ-2 and the Nrf2 activator sulforaphane. They possessed good Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitory activity and low cytotoxicity. The molecular docking study was performed to further explain the different activity of the thioether-, sulfoxide- and sulfone-containing naphthalensulfonamides. Among these new derivatives, 2-((N-(4-((N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-4-((3-isothiocyanatopropyl)sulfinyl)phenyl)sulfonamido) naphthalen-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonamido)acetamide (SCN-16) showed a good KD2 value of 0.455 μM to disrupt the PPI. In an LPS-induced peritoneal macrophage cell model, this compound could cause a significant increase in the nuclear Nrf2 protein, decrease in the cytosolic Nrf2 protein, and further elevate the downstream protective enzymes HO-1 and NQO-1, which were better than the lead compound NXPZ-2 and sulforaphane. What's more, the production of ROS and NO and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α were also suppressed. In the LPS-induced ALI model, SCN-16 could significantly reduce LPS-induced inflammations and alleviate lung injuries by triggering Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Collectively, our results suggested that SCN-16 could be a novel lead compound targeting Keap1-Nrf2 protective pathway for clinical treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lijuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Haihu Chen
- Department of Intervention, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Zhuo Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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26
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Ayoup MS, Abu-Serie MM, Abdel-Hamid H, Teleb M. Beyond direct Nrf2 activation; reinvestigating 1,2,4-oxadiazole scaffold as a master key unlocking the antioxidant cellular machinery for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 220:113475. [PMID: 33901898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Harnessing the antioxidant cellular machinery has sparked considerable interest as an efficient anticancer strategy. Activating Nrf2, the master switch of the cellular redox system, suppresses ROS, alleviates oxidative stress, and halts cancer progression. 1,2,4-oxadiazoles are iconic direct Nrf2 activators that disrupt Nrf2 interaction with its endogenous repressor Keap1. This study introduces rationally designed 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives that inhibit other Nrf2 suppressors (TrxR1, IKKα, and NF-kB) thus enhancing Nrf2 activation for preventing oxidative stress and carcinogenesis. Preliminary screening showed that the phenolic oxadiazoles 11, 15, and 19 were comparable to ascorbic acid (ROS scavenging) and EDTA (iron chelation), and superior to doxorubicin against HepG-2, MDA-MB231, and Caco-2 cells. They suppressed ROS by 3 folds and activated Nrf2 by 2 folds in HepG-2 cells. Mechanistically, they inhibited TrxR1 (IC50; 13.19, 17.89, and 9.21 nM) and IKKα (IC50; 11.0, 15.94, and 19.58 nM), and downregulated NF-κB (7.6, 1.4 and 1.9 folds in HepG-2), respectively. They inhibited NADPH oxidase (IC50; 16.4, 21.94, and 10.71 nM, respectively) that potentiates their antioxidant activities. Docking studies predicted their important structural features. Finally, they recorded drug-like in silico physicochemical properties, ADMET, and ligand efficiency metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Salah Ayoup
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, SRTA-City, Egypt
| | - Hamida Abdel-Hamid
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Teleb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.
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Ortet PC, Muellers SN, Viarengo-Baker LA, Streu K, Szymczyna BR, Beeler AB, Allen KN, Whitty A. Recapitulating the Binding Affinity of Nrf2 for KEAP1 in a Cyclic Heptapeptide, Guided by NMR, X-ray Crystallography, and Machine Learning. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3779-3793. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Rahban M, Habibi-Rezaei M, Mazaheri M, Saso L, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. Anti-Viral Potential and Modulation of Nrf2 by Curcumin: Pharmacological Implications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1228. [PMID: 33291560 PMCID: PMC7761780 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an essential transcription factor that maintains the cell's redox balance state and reduces inflammation in different adverse stresses. Under the oxidative stress, Nrf2 is separated from Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), which is a key sensor of oxidative stress, translocated to the nucleus, interacts with the antioxidant response element (ARE) in the target gene, and then activates the transcriptional pathway to ameliorate the cellular redox condition. Curcumin is a yellow polyphenolic curcuminoid from Curcuma longa (turmeric) that has revealed a broad spectrum of bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral activities. Curcumin significantly increases the nuclear expression levels and promotes the biological effects of Nrf2 via the interaction with Cys151 in Keap1, which makes it a marvelous therapeutic candidate against a broad range of oxidative stress-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancers, viral infections, and more recently SARS-CoV-2. Currently, the multifactorial property of the diseases and lack of adequate medical treatment, especially in viral diseases, result in developing new strategies to finding potential drugs. Curcumin potentially opens up new views as possible Nrf2 activator. However, its low bioavailability that is due to low solubility and low stability in the physiological conditions is a significant challenge in the field of its efficient and effective utilization in medicinal purposes. In this review, we summarized recent studies on the potential effect of curcumin to activate Nrf2 as the design of potential drugs for a viral infection like SARS-Cov2 and acute and chronic inflammation diseases in order to improve the cells' protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdie Rahban
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran;
| | - Mehran Habibi-Rezaei
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran
- Center of Excellence in NanoBiomedicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Mazaheri
- Research Center of Food Technology and Agricultural Products, Department of Food Toxicology, Standard Research Institute, Karaj 3158777871, Iran;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ali A. Moosavi-Movahedi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran;
- UNESCO Chair on Interdisciplinary Research in Diabetes, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran
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29
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Wang Y, Ma H, Huang J, Yao Z, Yu J, Zhang W, Zhang L, Wang Z, Zhuang C. Discovery of bardoxolone derivatives as novel orally active necroptosis inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 212:113030. [PMID: 33248849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that contributes to the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study, bardoxolone (CDDO, 7) was an inhibitor of necroptosis identified from an in-house natural product library. Further optimization led to identify a more potent analogue 20. Compound 20 could effectively protect against necroptosis in human and mouse cells. The antinecroptotic effect could also be synergized with other necroptosis inhibitors. It blocked necrosome formation by targeting Hsp90 to inhibit the phosphorylation of RIPK1 and RIPK3 in necroptotic cells. In vivo, this compound was orally active to alleviate TNF-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and cerebral I/R injury. Our results suggested that 20 could be a lead compound for discovering necroptosis inhibitors in I/R treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Middle Zhijiang Road, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Hao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 2A Nan Wei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jiaxuan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Zhengguang Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Lichao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Middle Zhijiang Road, Shanghai, 200071, China.
| | - Zhibin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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30
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Yao H, Zhang N, Zhang W, Li J, Hua H, Li Y. Discovery of polypodiside as a Keap1-dependent Nrf2 activator attenuating oxidative stress and accumulation of extracellular matrix in glomerular mesangial cells under high glucose. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115833. [PMID: 33166928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. High glucose has resulted in oxidative stress and following renal fibrosis as the crucial nodes of this disease. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor regulating transcription of many antioxidant genes and suppressing synthesis of extracellular matrix. To discover Nrf2 activators targeting DN, we have evaluated polypodiside using cell-based assays. The results showed polypodiside inhibited the high glucose-induced self-limited proliferation of glomerular meangial cells. Activation of Nrf2 and enhanced transcription to antioxidant response elements were observed in the presence of polypodiside. Oxidative stress and accumulation of extracellular matrix induced by high glucose in glomerular meangial cells have been ameliorated by polypodiside. Further investigations revealed the effects of polypodiside on glomerular meangial cells were associated with activation of Nrf2. Co-immunoprecipitation of Nrf2 disclosed polypodiside disrupted the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1)-Nrf2 interaction. Molecular docking elucidated polypodiside could enter the Nrf2 binding cavity of Keap1 via interacting with the residues encompassing that cavity. These findings indicate polypodiside is a Keap1-dependent Nrf2 activator affording the catabatic effects against oxidative stress and accumulation of extracellular matrix in glomerular meangial cells under high glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huankai Yao
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Wenting Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, China
| | - Jindong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Huilian Hua
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
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31
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Direct inhibition of Keap1-Nrf2 Protein-Protein interaction as a potential therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Chem 2020; 103:104172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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32
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Zhou HS, Hu LB, Zhang H, Shan WX, Wang Y, Li X, Liu T, Zhao J, You QD, Jiang ZY. Design, Synthesis, and Structure–Activity Relationships of Indoline-Based Kelch-like ECH-Associated Protein 1-Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-Derived 2)-Like 2 (Keap1-Nrf2) Protein–Protein Interaction Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11149-11168. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Shan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lv-Bin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wen-Xin Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi-Dong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Yao H, Zhang N, Zhang W, Li J, Hua H, Li Y. Discovery of a coumarin derivative as Nrf2 activator mitigating oxidative stress and fibrosis in mesangial cells under high glucose. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127490. [PMID: 32791195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress and fibrosis largely contribute to the progression of DN. Recently, Nrf2 was found to be a potential target preventing DN. In the discovery of novel Nrf2 activators for the treatment of DN, we have evaluated coumarin derivatives from Wikstroemi indiaca. Molecular docking results have shown compound 4 could bind to Keap1 and activate Nrf2 significantly. Cell-based assays have revealed compound 4 activated Nrf2 and attenuated oxidative stress and fibrosis induced by high glucose in mesangial cells. Meanwhile, it was validated that disruption of the interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2 was involved in the activation of Nrf2 by compound 4 in mesangial cells under high glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huankai Yao
- School of Pharmacy & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Wenting Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, China
| | - Jindong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Huilian Hua
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Pharmacy & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
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Song XY, Guo R, Qi XL, Han FY, Lin B, Huang XX, Yao GD, Song SJ. Terpenoids from stigma maydis (Zea mays L.) alleviate hydrogen peroxide-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury by activating Nrf2. Bioorg Chem 2020; 102:104131. [PMID: 32738569 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Five terpenoids (1-5), including three new ent-kaurane diterpenoids (1-3), one new ent-rosane type diterpenoid (4) and one known triterpenoid (5), were isolated from stigma maydis (Zea mays L.). The structures of the compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. The relative configurations of stigmanes A-D (1-4) were determined by NOESY experiments. In addition, the relative configuration of stigmane D (4) was further established by NMR calculations. The absolute configurations of these compounds were identified by a comparison of experimental and calculated specific rotations. The neuroprotective effects of these compounds against H2O2-induced injury in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were evaluated, and the results showed that among the compounds, 2 exhibited the most significant neuroprotection. Further study demonstrated that 2 could activate nuclear factor E2-related factor (Nrf2), downregulate apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and increase antioxidant enzyme activities in SH-SY5Y cells. However, the neuroprotective effect was reversed when Nrf2 was silenced. In conclusion, this study suggested that terpenoids from stigma maydis exerted neuroprotective effects through Nrf2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Song
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li Qi
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Ying Han
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guo-Dong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
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Mou Y, Wen S, Li YX, Gao XX, Zhang X, Jiang ZY. Recent progress in Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 202:112532. [PMID: 32668381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic targeting the protein-protein interaction (PPI) of Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and its main regulator, Kelch-like ECH-Associating protein 1 (Keap1) has been emerged as a feasible way to combat oxidative stress related diseases, due to the key role of Nrf2 in oxidative stress regulation. In recent years, many efforts have been made to develop potent Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors with new chemical structures. Various molecules with diverse chemical structures have been reported and some compounds exhibit high potency. This review summarizes peptide and small molecule Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors reported recently. We also highlight the pharmacological effects and discuss the possible therapeutic application of Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Mou
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Shuai Wen
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Yu-Xiu Li
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Xin-Xing Gao
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Abstract
The joint attack on the body by metabolic acidosis and oxidative stress suggests that treatment in degenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), may require a normalizing of extracellular and intracellular pH with simultaneous supplementation of an antioxidant combination cocktail at a sufficiently high dose. Evidence is also accumulating that combinations of antioxidants may be more effective, taking advantage of synergistic effects of appropriate antioxidants as well as a nutrient-rich diet to prevent and reverse AD. This review focuses on nutritional, nutraceutical and antioxidant treatments of AD, although they can also be used in other chronic degenerative and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Veurink
- Naturels, Armadale, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Indian Scientific Education and Technology Foundation, Lucknow 226002, India
| | - George Perry
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Indian Scientific Education and Technology Foundation, Lucknow 226002, India.,Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGI Campus, Lucknow 226014, India
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Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Keap1-Nrf2 interaction inhibitors identification. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101573. [PMID: 32422542 PMCID: PMC7231848 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of Keap1–Nrf2 interaction inhibitors is a promising strategy for the discovery of therapeutic agents against oxidative stress-mediated diseases. Two motifs of Nrf2, ETGE and DLG motif, are responsible for Keap1-Nrf2 binding. Previously, ETGE peptide or ETGE-derived peptide-based approaches were used to detect Keap1-Nrf2 interaction; however, these approaches are not able to monitor Keap1-DLG motif binding. We first report here a novel Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) approach to detect the protein-protein interaction of full length Keap1 and Nrf2. In our assay, the test compounds can target either ETGE or DLG binding site, therefore facilitating the exploration of diverse Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors. Three FDA-approved drugs, zafirlukast, dutasteride and ketoconazole, were found to inhibit the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction with IC50 of 5.87, 2.81 and 1.67 μM, respectively. Additionally, these three drugs also activated Nrf2 pathway in neuroblasts and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged mice. The results presented here indicate that the ELISA approach has the capacity to identify Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors. We established a novel Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Keap1-Nrf2 interaction inhibitors identification. This ELISA is the first approach to detect the protein-protein interaction of full length Keap1 and Nrf2. In this assay, the test compounds can target either ETGE or DLG binding site, therefore facilitating the exploration of diverse Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors. Zafirlukast, dutasteride and ketoconazole have been identified as inhibitors of the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction.
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Lu M, Zhang X, Zhao J, You Q, Jiang Z. A hydrogen peroxide responsive prodrug of Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitor for improving oral absorption and selective activation in inflammatory conditions. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101565. [PMID: 32422540 PMCID: PMC7231841 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its negative regulator, the E3 ligase adaptor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), control the redox and metabolic homeostasis and oxidative stress. Inhibitors of Keap1-Nrf2 interaction are promising in oxidative stress related inflammatory diseases but now hit hurdles. By utilizing thiazolidinone moiety to shield the key carboxyl pharmacophore in Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitor, a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-responsive prodrug pro2 was developed. The prodrug modification improved the physicochemical properties and cell membrane permeability of the parent drug. Pro2 was stable and stayed inactive under various physiological conditions, while became active by stimulation of H2O2 or inflammation derived reactive oxygen species. Moreover, pro2 exhibited proper pharmacokinetic profile suitable for oral administration and enhanced anti-inflammatory efficiency in vivo. Thus, this novel prodrug approach may not only provide an important advance in the therapy of chronic inflammatory diseases with high level of H2O2, but also offer a fresh solution to improve the drug-like and selectivity issues of Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors. Pro2 was developed by utilizing H2O2-responsive thiazolidinone moiety to shield carboxyl group in Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitor. Pro2 was stable and inactive under various physiological conditions, while became active under inflammatory conditions. Pro2 exhibited proper pharmacokinetic profile for oral administration and enhanced anti-inflammatory efficiency in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Cyclovirobuxine D protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy by activating Nrf2-mediated antioxidant responses. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6427. [PMID: 32286474 PMCID: PMC7156511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the principal cause of death in people with diabetes. However, there is currently no effective strategy to prevent the development of DCM. Although cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D) has been widely used to treat multiple cardiovascular diseases, the possible beneficial effects of CVB-D on DCM remained unknown. The present aim was to explore the potential effects and underlying mechanisms of CVB-D on DCM. We explored the effects of CVB-D in DCM by using high fat high sucrose diet and streptozotocin-induced rat DCM model. Cardiac function and survival in rats with DCM were improved via the amelioration of oxidative damage after CVB-D treatment. Our data also demonstrated that pre-treatment with CVB-D exerted a remarkable cytoprotective effect against high glucose -or H2O2 -induced neonatal rat cardiomyocyte damage via the suppression of reactive oxygen species accumulation and restoration of mitochondrial membrane potential; this effect was associated with promotion of Nrf2 nuclear translocation and its downstream antioxidative stress signals (NQO-1, Prdx1). Overall, the present data has provided the first evidence that CVB-D has potential therapeutic in DCM, mainly by activation of the Nrf2 signalling pathway to suppress oxidative stress. Our findings also have positive implications on the novel promising clinical applications of CVB-D.
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Zhang Y, Shi Z, Zhou Y, Xiao Q, Wang H, Peng Y. Emerging Substrate Proteins of Kelch-like ECH Associated Protein 1 (Keap1) and Potential Challenges for the Development of Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the Keap1-Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Protein–Protein Interaction. J Med Chem 2020; 63:7986-8002. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1, Xiannongtan Street, Xicheng
District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zeyu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1, Xiannongtan Street, Xicheng
District, Beijing 100050, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yujun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1, Xiannongtan Street, Xicheng
District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qiong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1, Xiannongtan Street, Xicheng
District, Beijing 100050, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1, Xiannongtan Street, Xicheng
District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ying Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1, Xiannongtan Street, Xicheng
District, Beijing 100050, China
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Vásquez-Espinal A, Yañez O, Osorio E, Areche C, García-Beltrán O, Ruiz LM, Cassels BK, Tiznado W. Theoretical Study of the Antioxidant Activity of Quercetin Oxidation Products. Front Chem 2019; 7:818. [PMID: 31828060 PMCID: PMC6890856 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It was recently shown that, when tested in cellular systems, quercetin oxidized products (Qox) have significantly better antioxidant activity than quercetin (Q) itself. The main Qox identified in the experiments are either 2,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxy-3,4-flavandione (Fl) or its tautomer, 2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)-2,4,6-trihydroxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone (Bf). We have now performed a theoretical evaluation of different physicochemical properties using density functional theory (DFT) calculations on Q and its main Qox species. The most stable structures (for Q and Qox) were identified after a structural search on their potential energy surface. Since proton affinities (PAs) are much lower than the bond dissociation enthalpies (BDEs) of phenolic hydrogens, we consider that direct antioxidant activity in these species is mainly due to the sequential proton loss electron transfer (SPLET) mechanism. Moreover, our kinetic studies, according to transition state theory, show that Q is more favored by this mechanism. However, Qox have lower PAs than Q, suggesting that antioxidant activity by the SPLET mechanism should be a result of a balance between proclivity to transfer protons (which favors Qox) and the reaction kinetics of the conjugated base in the sequential electron transfer mechanism (which favors Q). Therefore, our results support the idea that Q is a better direct antioxidant than its oxidized derivatives due to its kinetically favored SPLET reactions. Moreover, our molecular docking calculations indicate a stabilizing interaction between either Q or Qox and the kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1), in the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-binding site. This should favor the release of the Nrf2 factor, the master regulator of anti-oxidative responses, promoting the expression of the antioxidant responsive element (ARE)-dependent genes. Interestingly, the computed Keap1-metabolite interaction energy is most favored for the Bf compound, which in turn is the most stable oxidized tautomer, according to their computed energies. These results provide further support for the hypothesis that Qox species may be better indirect antioxidants than Q, reducing reactive oxygen species in animal cells by activating endogenous antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Vásquez-Espinal
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Osvaldo Yañez
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Edison Osorio
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Olimpo García-Beltrán
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Lina María Ruiz
- Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bruce K. Cassels
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - William Tiznado
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Chen P, Chen F, Zhou BH. Leonurine ameliorates D-galactose-induced aging in mice through activation of the Nrf2 signalling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7339-7356. [PMID: 31527304 PMCID: PMC6782004 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex physiological phenomenon associated with oxidative stress damage. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential effects of leonurine on D-galactose-induced aging in mice and its possible mechanisms. In this study, we first tested the antioxidant activity of leonurine in vitro. A subcutaneous injection of D-galactose in mice for 8 weeks was used to establish the aging model to evaluate the protective effects of leonurine. The results showed that treatment with 150 mg·kg-1 leonurine could improve the mental condition, organic index, and behavioural impairment; significantly increase the activities of antioxidative enzymes including SOD, CAT, and T-AOC; and ameliorate the advanced glycation end product (AGE) level and histopathological injury. Furthermore, the Western blotting data revealed that leonurine supplementation noticeably modulated the suppression of the Nrf2 pathway and upregulated the downstream expression of HO-1 and NOQ1 in aging mice. Additionally, leonurine treatment activated Nrf2 nuclear translocation in both aging mice and normal young mice, and the expression levels of Nrf2 in normal young mice was higher than those in naturally aging mice. In conclusion, our findings suggest that leonurine is a promising agent for attenuating the aging process, and the underlying molecular mechanisms depend on activating the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Fuchao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442008, P.R. China
| | - Ben-hong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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43
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Blass BE. Modulators of KEAP-1 Activity as Potential Therapies for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:1245-1246. [PMID: 31531189 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E. Blass
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
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Emerging Screening Approaches in the Development of Nrf2-Keap1 Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184445. [PMID: 31509940 PMCID: PMC6770765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to role of the Keap1–Nrf2 protein–protein interaction (PPI) in protecting cells from oxidative stress, the development of small molecule inhibitors that inhibit this interaction has arisen as a viable approach to combat maladies caused by oxidative stress, such as cancers, neurodegenerative disease and diabetes. To obtain specific and genuine Keap1–Nrf2 inhibitors, many efforts have been made towards developing new screening approaches. However, there is no inhibitor for this target entering the clinic for the treatment of human diseases. New strategies to identify novel bioactive compounds from large molecular databases and accelerate the developmental process of the clinical application of Keap1–Nrf2 protein–protein interaction inhibitors are greatly needed. In this review, we have summarized virtual screening and other methods for discovering new lead compounds against the Keap1–Nrf2 protein–protein interaction. We also discuss the advantages and limitations of different strategies, and the potential of this PPI as a drug target in disease therapy.
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45
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Li AL, Shen T, Wang T, Zhou MX, Wang B, Song JT, Zhang PL, Wang XL, Ren DM, Lou HX, Wang XN. Novel diterpenoid-type activators of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and their regulation of redox homeostasis. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:21-33. [PMID: 31167117 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the onset and progression of many human diseases. Activators of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway effectively inhibit the progression of oxidative stress-induced diseases. Herein, a small library of diterpenoids was established by means of phytochemical isolation, and chemical modification on naturally occurring molecules. The diterpenoids were subjected to a NAD(P)H: quinone reductase (QR) assay to evaluate its potential inhibition against oxidative stress. Sixteen diterpenoids were found to be novel potential activators of Nrf2-mediated defensive response. Of which, an isopimarane-type diterpenoid, sphaeropsidin A (SA), was identified as a potent activator of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway, and displayed approximately 5-folds potency than that of sulforaphane (SF). SA activated Nrf2 and its downstream cytoprotective genes through enhancing the stabilization of Nrf2 in a process involving PI3K, PKC, and PERK, as well as potentially interrupting Nrf2-Keap1 protein-protein interaction. In addition, SA conferred protection against sodium arsenite [As(III)]- and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced redox imbalance and cytotoxicity in human lung epithelial cells, as wells as inhibited metronidazole (MTZ)-induced oxidative insult in Tg (krt4: NTR-hKikGR)cy17 transgenic zebrafish and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative damage in wild-type AB zebrafish. These results imply that SA is a lead compound for therapeutic agent against oxidative stress-induced diseases, and diterpenoid is a good resource for discovering drug candidates and leads of antioxidant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ling Li
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Wang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Xing Zhou
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Tong Song
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Liang Zhang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wang
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, No. 247 Bei-Yuan Street, Jinan, 250033, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Mei Ren
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Xiang Lou
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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Lu MC, Zhang X, Wu F, Tan SJ, Zhao J, You QD, Jiang ZY. Discovery of a Potent Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1-Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Keap1–Nrf2) Protein–Protein Interaction Inhibitor with Natural Proline Structure as a Cytoprotective Agent against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity. J Med Chem 2019; 62:6796-6813. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shi-Jie Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi-Dong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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47
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Jiang CS, Zhuang CL, Zhu K, Zhang J, Muehlmann LA, Figueiró Longo JP, Azevedo RB, Zhang W, Meng N, Zhang H. Identification of a novel small-molecule Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitor with cytoprotective effects on LPS-induced cardiomyopathy. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:833-841. [PMID: 29693453 PMCID: PMC6009974 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1461856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A new Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitor ZJ01 was identified from our compound library by fluorescence polarization assay, surface plasmon resonance, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. ZJ01 could in vitro trigger Nrf2 nuclear translocation, subsequently resulting in increased mRNA levels of Nrf2 target genes HO-1 and NQO1. Meanwhile, ZJ01 suppressed LPS-induced production of ROS and the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in H9c2 cardiac cells. Moreover, in an in vivo mouse model of septic cardiomyopathy induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide, ZJ01 demonstrated a cytoprotective effect, upregulated Nrf2 protein nuclear accumulation, and remarkably suppressed the abovementioned cytokine levels in cardiomyocytes. The results presented herein provided a novel chemotype for the development of direct Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitors and suggested that compound ZJ01 is a promising drug lead for septic cardiomyopathy treatment. ZJ01 was identified as a new Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitor and drug lead for septic cardiomyopathy treatment by in vitro and in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Shi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Chun-Lin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kongkai Zhu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Luis Alexandre Muehlmann
- Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Meng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
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Meng N, Tang H, Zhang H, Jiang C, Su L, Min X, Zhang W, Zhang H, Miao Z, Zhang W, Zhuang C. Fragment-growing guided design of Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction inhibitors for targeting myocarditis. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 117:228-237. [PMID: 29428410 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Small-molecule inhibitors that block the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interactions are being intensely pursued as a new therapeutic strategy for oxidative stress-related diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, arteriosclerosis, inflammation and myocarditis. However, there are not enough studies on antioxidant treatments using small molecules in myocarditis. We herein provided a series of novel hydronaphthoquinones as the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction inhibitors targeting LPS-induced myocarditis both in vitro and in vivo. These compounds were designed through an in-silico fragment growing approach based on our previous reported compound, S47 (1). The new compounds were predicted to form additional hydrogen bonds with the S363 residue, leading to higher inhibitory activity. Among these new derivatives, compounds S01 and S05 emerged as inhibitors with significant biochemical potency, as determined by fluorescent anisotropy assay and confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) assays. These inhibitors can dose-dependently protect the H9c2 cardiac cells against LPS-induced injury (100% at 2 μM and 4 μM) and effectively prolong survival or save the life of LPS-injured mice. Mechanistic studies showed that these inhibitors could release Nrf2 in H9c2 cells and LPS-inflammatory mouse models and translocate into the nucleus in a dose-response manner, which significantly increased the downstream genes (HO-1, NQO-1) and the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), while ROS production dramatically decreased. Their protective effects and the mechanism of action were further confirmed by siNrf2 transfected experiment. Collectively, the novel hydronaphthoquinones can be used as promising lead compounds for the study of Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interactions and further anti-myocarditis drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Meng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Chengshi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Li Su
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiao Min
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wannian Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Zhenyuan Miao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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49
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Bruzzoni-Giovanelli H, Alezra V, Wolff N, Dong CZ, Tuffery P, Rebollo A. Interfering peptides targeting protein-protein interactions: the next generation of drugs? Drug Discov Today 2017; 23:272-285. [PMID: 29097277 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are well recognized as promising therapeutic targets. Consequently, interfering peptides (IPs) - natural or synthetic peptides capable of interfering with PPIs - are receiving increasing attention. Given their physicochemical characteristics, IPs seem better suited than small molecules to interfere with the large surfaces implicated in PPIs. Progress on peptide administration, stability, biodelivery and safety are also encouraging the interest in peptide drug development. The concept of IPs has been validated for several PPIs, generating great expectations for their therapeutic potential. Here, we describe approaches and methods useful for IPs identification and in silico, physicochemical and biological-based strategies for their design and optimization. Selected promising in-vivo-validated examples are described and advantages, limitations and potential of IPs as therapeutic tools are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heriberto Bruzzoni-Giovanelli
- Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; UMRS 1160 Inserm, Paris, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1427 Inserm/AP-HP Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Valerie Alezra
- Université Paris-Sud, Laboratoire de Méthodologie, Synthèse et Molécules Thérapeutiques, ICMMO, UMR 8182, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté des Sciences d'Orsay, France
| | - Nicolas Wolff
- Unité de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire des Biomolécules, CNRS, UMR 3528, Institut Pasteur, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Chang-Zhi Dong
- Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Tuffery
- Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Inserm UMR-S 973, RPBS, Paris, France
| | - Angelita Rebollo
- CIMI Paris, UPMC, Inserm U1135, Hôpital Pitié Salpétrière, Paris, France.
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50
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Lu MC, Jiao Q, Liu T, Tan SJ, Zhou HS, You QD, Jiang ZY. Discovery of a head-to-tail cyclic peptide as the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction inhibitor with high cell potency. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:1578-1589. [PMID: 29117896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Directly disrupting Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction (PPI) has emerged as a novel way to activate Nrf2. Peptide Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitors have been reported with high Keap1 binding affinity. However, these peptide inhibitors show weak activity in cells. In this study, the head-to-tail cyclic strategy was applied in the development of peptide inhibitors. The privileged residue sequence with minimal acidic residues was used as the template for the cyclic peptide, and the appropriate conjugation method was designed based on the peptide-Keap1 binding mode. The glycine was introduced as the linker to connect both sides, which can avoid the terminal charge, enhance the peptide stability and constrain the binding conformation simultaneously. The obtained novel cyclic peptide 3 showed high binding affinity with Keap1 and possessed high potency in Nrf2 activation at cellular level. We also showed that peptide 3 exhibited effective anti-inflammatory effects in mouse RAW 264.7 cells by activating the Nrf2-regulated defense system and enhancing the antioxidant capacity. This study proved that the head-to-tail cyclic strategy is quite useful in improving the cell potency of peptide Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors and provided a possible way to develop drug-like peptides as therapeutic Nrf2 activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qiong Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shi-Jie Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hai-Shan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi-Dong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zheng-Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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