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Gao Q, Ma H, He C, Wang X, Ding J, Zhang W, Fan X. Humidity Sensing Properties of Different Atomic Layers of Graphene on the SiO 2/Si Substrate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39356715 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c11194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Graphene has great potential to be used for humidity sensing due to its ultrahigh surface area and conductivity. However, the impact of different atomic layers of graphene on the SiO2/Si substrate on humidity sensing has not been studied yet. In this paper, we fabricated three types of humidity sensors on the SiO2/Si substrate based on one to three atomic layers of graphene, in which the sensing areas of graphene are 75 μm × 72 μm and 45 μm × 72 μm, respectively. We studied the impact of both the number of atomic layers of graphene and the sensing areas of graphene on the responsivity and response/recovery time of the prepared graphene-based humidity sensors. We found that the relative resistance change of the prepared devices decreased with the increase of number of atomic layers of graphene under the same change of relative humidity. Further, devices based on tri-layer graphene showed the fastest response/recovery time, while devices based on double-layer graphene showed the slowest response/recovery time. Finally, we chose devices based on double-layer graphene that have relatively good responsivity and stability for application in respiration monitoring and contact-free finger monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Gao
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Science of Optical Quantum and NEMS Integration, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongliang Ma
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Science of Optical Quantum and NEMS Integration, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chang He
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Science of Optical Quantum and NEMS Integration, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Technology Research Center, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, 100071 Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ding
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wendong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Measurement Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- National Key Laboratory for Electronic Measurement Technology, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Xuge Fan
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Science of Optical Quantum and NEMS Integration, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519088, China
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2
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Tomer VK, Dias OAT, Gouda AM, Malik R, Sain M. Advancing lithium-sulfur battery efficiency: utilizing a 2D/2D g-C 3N 4@MXene heterostructure to enhance sulfur evolution reactions and regulate polysulfides under lean electrolyte conditions. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:3090-3103. [PMID: 38655684 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00200h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) show promise for achieving a high energy density of 500 W h kg-1, despite challenges such as poor cycle life and low energy efficiency due to sluggish redox kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and sulfur's electronic insulating nature. We present a novel 2D Ti3C2 Mxene on a 2D graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) heterostructure designed to enhance LiPS conversion kinetics and adsorption capacity. In a pouch cell configuration with lean electrolyte conditions (∼5 μL mg-1), the g-C3N4-Mx/S cathode exhibited excellent rate performance, delivering ∼1061 mA h g-1 at C/8 and retaining ∼773 mA h g-1 after 190 cycles with a Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 92.7%. The battery maintained a discharge capacity of 680 mA h g-1 even at 1.25 C. It operated reliably at an elevated sulfur loading of 5.9 mg cm-2, with an initial discharge capacity of ∼900 mA h g-1 and a sustained CE of over 83% throughout 190 cycles. Postmortem XPS and EIS analyses elucidated charge-discharge cycle-induced changes, highlighting the potential of this heterostructured cathode for commercial garnet LSB development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Tomer
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | | | - Abdelaziz M Gouda
- Solar Fuels Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ritu Malik
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Mohini Sain
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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3
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Guo P, Tian B, Liang J, Yang X, Tang G, Li Q, Liu Q, Zheng K, Chen X, Wu W. An All-Printed, Fast-Response Flexible Humidity Sensor Based on Hexagonal-WO 3 Nanowires for Multifunctional Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304420. [PMID: 37358069 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of printing techniques for the development of high-performance humidity sensors holds immense significance for various applications in the fields of the Internet of Things, agriculture, human healthcare, and storage environments. However, the long response time and low sensitivity of current printed humidity sensors limit their practical applications. Herein, a series of high-sensing-performance flexible resistive-type humidity sensors is fabricated by the screen-printing method, and hexagonal tungsten oxide (h-WO3 ) is employed as the humidity-sensing material due to its low cost, strong chemical adsorption ability, and excellent humidity-sensing ability. The as-prepared printed sensors exhibit high sensitivity, good repeatability, outstanding flexibility, low hysteresis, and fast response (1.5 s) in a wide relative humidity (RH) range (11-95% RH). Furthermore, the sensitivity of humidity sensors can be easily adjusted by altering the manufacturing parameters of the sensing layer and interdigital electrode to meet the diverse requirements of specific applications. The printed flexible humidity sensors possess immense potential in various applications, including wearable devices, non-contact measurements, and packaging opening state monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panwang Guo
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Bin Tian
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liang
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiuping Yang
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Guilin Tang
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Quancai Li
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Qun Liu
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
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4
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Tomer VK, Malik R, Tjong J, Sain M. State and future implementation perspectives of porous carbon-based hybridized matrices for lithium sulfur battery. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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5
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Wang Y, Zhang W, Gong X, Zhao C, Liu Y, Zhang C. Construction of Carboxymethyl Chitosan Hydrogel with Multiple Cross-linking Networks for Electronic Devices at Low Temperature. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:508-519. [PMID: 36502379 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the original hydrogen bonding interaction and physical entanglement, covalent cross-linking and ionic cross-linking were additionally introduced to construct a carboxymethyl chitosan/allyl glycidyl ether conductive hydrogel (CCH) through a one pot method by a graft reaction, an addition reaction, and simple immersion, successively. The multiple cross-linking networks significantly increased the strength of CCHs and endowed them with ionic conductivity and an antifreezing property at -40 °C, which showed stable, durable, and reversible sensitivity to finger bending activity at subzero temperature. The CCHs could even be assembled into a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to provide electric energy, which demonstrated stability against temperature variation, multiple drawing, long-term storage, or large quantities of contact-separation motion cycles. CCH-TENG can also be used as a tactile sensor within the pressure range from 0.4 kPa to higher than 8000 kPa. This work provided a simple route to fabricate antifreezing conductive hydrogels based on carboxymethyl chitosan and to find potential applications in soft sensor devices under a low temperature environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou510642, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou510642, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou510642, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou510642, China
| | - Xinhu Gong
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou510642, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou510642, China
| | - Caimei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou510642, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou510642, China
| | - Yiying Liu
- School of Health and Medicine, 1 Huashang Road, Guangzhou Huashang Vocational College, Guangzhou511300, China
| | - Chaoqun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou510642, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou510642, China
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6
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A Self-Powered PVA-Based Flexible Humidity Sensor with Humidity-Related Voltage Output for Multifunctional Applications. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Ahmad T, Khan S, Rasheed T, Ullah N. Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets as promising candidates for the detection of hazardous contaminants of environmental and biological concern in aqueous matrices. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:426. [PMID: 36260130 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring of pollutant and toxic substances is essential for cleaner environment and healthy life. Sensing of various environmental contaminants and biomolecules such as heavy metals, pharmaceutics, toxic gases, volatile organic compounds, food toxins, and pathogens is of high importance to guaranty the good health and sustainable environment to community. In recent years, graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) has drawn a significant amount of interest as a sensor due to its large surface area and unique electrochemical properties, low bandgap energy, high thermal and chemical stability, facile synthesis, nontoxicity, and electron rich property. Furthermore, the binary and ternary nanocomposites of graphitic carbon nitride further enhance their performance as a sensor making it a cost effective, fast, and reliable gadget for the purpose, and opens a wide area of research. Numerous reviews addressing a variety of applications including photocatalytic energy conversion, photoelectrochemical detection, and hydrogen evolution of graphitic carbon nitride have been documented to date. But a lesser attention has been devoted to the mechanistic approaches towards sensing of variety of pollutants concerned with environmental and biological aspects. Herein, we present the sensing features of graphitic carbon nitride towards the detection of various analytes including toxic heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, phenolic compounds, nitroaromatic compounds, volatile organic molecules, toxic gases, and foodborne pathogens. This review will undoubtedly provide future insights for researchers working in the field of sensors, allowing them to investigate the intriguing graphitic carbon nitride material as a sensing platform that is comparable to several other nanomaterials documented in the literature. Therefore, we hope that this study could reveal some intriguing sensing properties of graphitic carbon nitride, which may help researchers better understand how it interacts with contaminants of environmental and biological concern. Graphitic carbon nitride Nanosheets as Promising Analytical Tool for Environmental and Biological Monitoring of Hazardous Substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauqir Ahmad
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sardaraz Khan
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nisar Ullah
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
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8
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Garg A, Almáši M, Bednarčík J, Sharma R, Rao VS, Panchal P, Jain A, Sharma A. Gd(III) metal-organic framework as an effective humidity sensor and its hydrogen adsorption properties. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135467. [PMID: 35764119 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a class of nanoporous materials built up by metal ions and organic linkers with several interesting potential applications. The present study described the synthesis and characterization of Gd(III)-based MOF with the chemical composition [Gd(BTC)(H2O)]·DMF (BTC - trimesate, DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide), known as MOF-76(Gd) for hydrogen adsorption/desorption capacity and humidity sensing applications. The structure and morphology of as-synthesized material were studied using powder X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The crystal structure of MOF-76(Gd) consists of gadolinium (III) and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate ions, one coordinated aqua ligand and one crystallization DMF molecule. The polymeric framework of MOF-76(Gd) contains 1D sinusoidally shaped channels with sizes of 6.7 × 6.7 Å propagating along c crystallographic axis. The thermogravimetric analysis, heating infrared spectroscopy and in-situ heating powder X-ray diffraction experiments of the prepared framework exhibited thermal stability up to 550 °C. Nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurement at -196 °C showed a BET surface area of 605 m2 g-1 and pore volume of 0.24 cm3 g-1. The maximal hydrogen storage capacity of MOF-76(Gd) was 1.66 wt % and 1.34 wt % -196 °C and -186 °C and pressure up to 1 bar, respectively. Finally, the humidity sensing measurements (water adsorption experiments) were performed, and the results indicate that MOF-76(Gd) is a suitable material for moisture sensing application with a fast response (11 s) and recovery time (2 s) in the relative humidity range of 11-98%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Garg
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Science, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Miroslav Almáši
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Safarik University, Moyzesova 11, 041 54, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Jozef Bednarčík
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, Kosice, 040 01, Slovak Republic
| | - Rishabh Sharma
- Center of Excellence for Energy and Environmental Studies, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, 131039, India
| | - Vikrant Singh Rao
- Center of Excellence for Energy and Environmental Studies, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, 131039, India
| | - Priyanka Panchal
- Center of Excellence for Energy and Environmental Studies, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, 131039, India
| | - Ankur Jain
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Science, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, 302017, India; Centre for Renewable Energy & Storage, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Anshu Sharma
- Department of Physics, School of Engineering & Technology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India.
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9
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Yang W, Li W, Lu H, Liu J, Zhang T. Dynamic Compensation Method for Humidity Sensors Based on Temperature and Humidity Decoupling. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22197229. [PMID: 36236326 PMCID: PMC9570529 DOI: 10.3390/s22197229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, integrated humidity sensors with fast-response time are widely needed. The most commonly used polyimide capacitive humidity sensor has a long response time, which is difficult to meet the need for a fast response. Most studies focusing on technology and materials have a high cost and are difficult to ensure compatability with the CMOS process. The dynamic compensation method can shorten the response time by only adding digital circuits or software processing. However, conventional compensation technology is not suitable for humidity sensors due to temperature coupling. This paper proposes a new dynamic compensation method for humidity sensors based on the decoupling of temperature factors by analyzing the coupling relationship between sensor dynamic characteristics and temperature. Simulations and experiments were used to verify the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method reduces the humidity response time of the sensor by 85.6%. The proposed method can effectively shorten the response time of humidity sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Solid-State Optoelectronics Information Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenchang Li
- Key Laboratory of Solid-State Optoelectronics Information Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Huaxiang Lu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Semiconductor Neural Network Intelligent Perception and Computing Technology Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jian Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Solid-State Optoelectronics Information Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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10
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Malik R, Joshi N, Tomer VK. Functional graphitic carbon (IV) nitride: A versatile sensing material. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Green synthesis of AgCl nanoparticles using Calotropis gigantea: Characterization and their enhanced antibacterial activities. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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Capacitive humidity sensing properties of freestanding bendable porous SiO 2/Si thin films. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11689. [PMID: 35804095 PMCID: PMC9270390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15955-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of freestanding bendable films without polymer substrates is demonstrated as a capacitive humidity-sensing material. The bendable and porous SiO2/Si films are simply prepared by electrochemical-assisted stripping, metal-assisted chemical etching, followed by oxidation procedures. The capacitive humidity-sensing properties of the fabricated porous SiO2/Si film are characterized as a function of the relative humidity and frequency. The remarkable sensing performance is demonstrated in the wide RH range from 13.8 to 79.0%. The sensing behavior of the porous SiO2/Si film is studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis. Additionally, the reliability of the porous SiO2/Si sensing material is confirmed by cyclic and long-term sensing tests.
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13
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Kröger J, Podjaski F, Savasci G, Moudrakovski I, Jiménez-Solano A, Terban MW, Bette S, Duppel V, Joos M, Senocrate A, Dinnebier R, Ochsenfeld C, Lotsch BV. Conductivity Mechanism in Ionic 2D Carbon Nitrides: From Hydrated Ion Motion to Enhanced Photocatalysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107061. [PMID: 34870342 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nitrides are among the most studied materials for photocatalysis; however, limitations arise from inefficient charge separation and transport within the material. Here, this aspect is addressed in the 2D carbon nitride poly(heptazine imide) (PHI) by investigating the influence of various counterions, such as M = Li+ , Na+ , K+ , Cs+ , Ba2+ , NH4 + , and tetramethyl ammonium, on the material's conductivity and photocatalytic activity. These ions in the PHI pores affect the stacking of the 2D layers, which further influences the predominantly ionic conductivity in M-PHI. Na-containing PHI outperforms the other M-PHIs in various relative humidity (RH) environments (0-42%RH) in terms of conductivity, likely due to pore-channel geometry and size of the (hydrated) ion. With increasing RH, the ionic conductivity increases by 4-5 orders of magnitude (for Na-PHI up to 10-5 S cm-1 at 42%RH). At the same time, the highest photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate is observed for Na-PHI, which is mirrored by increased photogenerated charge-carrier lifetimes, pointing to efficient charge-carrier stabilization by, e.g., mobile ions. These results indicate that also ionic conductivity is an important parameter that can influence the photocatalytic activity. Besides, RH-dependent ionic conductivity is of high interest for separators, membranes, or sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kröger
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich, LMU, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence E-Conversion, Lichtenbergstr. 4a, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Filip Podjaski
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence E-Conversion, Lichtenbergstr. 4a, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Gökcen Savasci
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich, LMU, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence E-Conversion, Lichtenbergstr. 4a, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Igor Moudrakovski
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alberto Jiménez-Solano
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Maxwell W Terban
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bette
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Viola Duppel
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Markus Joos
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alessandro Senocrate
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Robert Dinnebier
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christian Ochsenfeld
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich, LMU, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence E-Conversion, Lichtenbergstr. 4a, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Bettina V Lotsch
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich, LMU, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence E-Conversion, Lichtenbergstr. 4a, 85748, Garching, Germany
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14
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Ma H, Li X, Lou J, Gu Y, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Cheng H, Han W. Strong Bacterial Cellulose-Based Films with Natural Laminar Alignment for Highly Sensitive Humidity Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:3165-3175. [PMID: 34994532 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Humidity sensors have been widely used for humidity monitoring in industry and agriculture fields. However, the rigid structure, nondegradability, and large dimension of traditional humidity sensors significantly restrict their applications in wearable fields. In this study, a flexible, strong, and eco-friendly bacterial cellulose-based humidity sensor (BPS) was fabricated using a two-step method, involving solvent evaporation-induced self-assembly and electrolyte permeation. Rapid evaporation of organic solvent induces the formation of nanopores of the bacterial cellulose (BC) surface and promotes structural densification. Furthermore, the successful embedding of potassium hydroxide into the sophisticated network of BC effectively enhanced the sensing performance of BPS. The BPS exhibits an excellent humidity sensing response of more than 103 within the relative humidity ranging from 36.4 to 93% and strong (66.4 MPa) and high flexibility properties owing to the ultrafine fiber network and abundant hydrophilic functional groups of BC. Besides being strong and thin, BPS is also highly flexible, biodegradable, and humidity-sensitive, making it a potential candidate in wearable electronics, human health monitoring, and noncontact switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yujie Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yifei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Heli Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Wenjia Han
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
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15
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Zhou T, Zhang T. Recent Progress of Nanostructured Sensing Materials from 0D to 3D: Overview of Structure-Property-Application Relationship for Gas Sensors. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100515. [PMID: 34928067 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Along with the progress of nanoscience and nanotechnology, nanomaterials with attractive structural and functional properties have gained more attention than ever before, especially in the field of electronic sensors. In recent years, the gas sensing devices have made great achievement and also created wide application prospects, which leads to a new wave of research for designing advanced sensing materials. There is no doubt that the characteristics are highly governed by the sensitive layers. For this reason, important advances for the outstanding, novel sensing materials with different dimensional structures including 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D are reported and summarized systematically. The sensing materials cover noble metals, metal oxide semiconductors, carbon nanomaterials, metal dichalcogenides, g-C3 N4 , MXenes, and complex composites. Discussion is also extended to the relation between sensing performances and their structure, electronic properties, and surface chemistry. In addition, some gas sensing related applications are also highlighted, including environment monitoring, breath analysis, food quality and safety, and flexible wearable electronics, from current situation and the facing challenges to the future research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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16
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Khan SA, Saqib M, Rehman MM, Mutee Ur Rehman HM, Rahman SA, Yang Y, Kim S, Kim WY. A Full-Range Flexible and Printed Humidity Sensor Based on a Solution-Processed P(VDF-TrFE)/Graphene-Flower Composite. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1915. [PMID: 34443746 PMCID: PMC8398072 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel composite based on a polymer (P(VDF-TrFE)) and a two-dimensional material (graphene flower) was proposed as the active layer of an interdigitated electrode (IDEs) based humidity sensor. Silver (Ag) IDEs were screen printed on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate followed by spin coating the active layer of P(VDF-TrFE)/graphene flower on its surface. It was observed that this sensor responds to a wide relative humidity range (RH%) of 8-98% with a fast response and recovery time of 0.8 s and 2.5 s for the capacitance, respectively. The fabricated sensor displayed an inversely proportional response between capacitance and RH%, while a directly proportional relationship was observed between its impedance and RH%. P(VDF-TrFE)/graphene flower-based flexible humidity sensor exhibited high sensitivity with an average change of capacitance as 0.0558 pF/RH%. Stability of obtained results was monitored for two weeks without any considerable change in the original values, signifying its high reliability. Various chemical, morphological, and electrical characterizations were performed to comprehensively study the humidity-sensing behavior of this advanced composite. The fabricated sensor was successfully used for the applications of health monitoring and measuring the water content in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Woo-Young Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju 63243, Korea; (S.A.K.); (M.S.); (M.M.R.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (S.A.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.)
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17
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Chaloeipote G, Samarnwong J, Traiwatcharanon P, Kerdcharoen T, Wongchoosuk C. High-performance resistive humidity sensor based on Ag nanoparticles decorated with graphene quantum dots. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:210407. [PMID: 34295526 PMCID: PMC8292773 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present a low-cost, fast and simple fabrication of resistive-type humidity sensors based on the graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) nanocomposites. The GQDs and AgNPs were synthesized by hydrothermal method and green reducing agent route, respectively. UV-Vis spectrophotometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and field-emission transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize quality, chemical bonding states and morphology of the nanocomposite materials and confirm the successful formation of core/shell-like AgNPs/GQDs structure. According to sensing humidity results, the ratio of GQDs/AgNPs 1 : 1 nanocomposite exhibits the best humidity response of 98.14% with exponential relation in the humidity range of 25-95% relative humidity at room temperature as well as faster response/recovery times than commercial one at the same condition. The sensing mechanism of the high-performance GQDs/AgNPs humidity sensor is proposed via Schottky junction formation and intrinsic synergistic effects of GQDs and AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun Chaloeipote
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Jaruwan Samarnwong
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | | | - Teerakiat Kerdcharoen
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University and Research Network of NANOTEC at Mahidol University, National Nanotechnology Center, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chatchawal Wongchoosuk
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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18
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Chaudhary V, Nehra SP. Enhanced xylene sensing performance using Ag-V 2O 5 loaded mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:8392-8403. [PMID: 34037026 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01039e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A 3-dimensional ordered cubic mesoporous Ag-V2O5 loaded graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-CN) hybrid was fabricated via a facile nanocasting technique using mesoporous silica as the hard template and its sensing response towards xylene gas was investigated in detail. The physicochemical properties of the as prepared nanocomposite were estimated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and BET surface area analysis. The hybridized Ag-V2O5/mpg-CN nanocomposite prepared by template inversion of KIT-6 silica showed temperature reliant response towards the detection of common VOCs (xylene, formaldehyde, 2-propanol and benzene) usually found in our indoor environment. Sensing response values of 4.9 for 50 ppm and 12.7 for 500 ppm were reported for xylene gas at an operating temperature of 40 °C. Besides, average response/recovery times of 6.1/4.1 s (xylene), 7.7/5.1 s (formaldehyde), 8.7/6.6 s (2-propanol) and 9.5/8.4 s (benzene) were recorded for Ag-V2O5/mpg-CN, which demonstrated the potential of utilizing the as-prepared sensor in commercial real-time sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandna Chaudhary
- Center of Excellence for Energy and Environmental Studies, D.C.R. University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, Haryana 131039, India.
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Wu Z, Sun X, Guo X, Ding Y, Ou Y, Yang H, Chen Y, Hu Y, Kuang D, Zhao C, He Y. Development of a rGO-BiVO 4 Heterojunction Humidity Sensor with Boosted Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:27188-27199. [PMID: 34096254 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Humidity sensors with good repeatability, low hysteresis, and low-power consumption are increasingly important for environmental monitoring and industrial control applications. Herein, an impedance-type humidity sensor under low working voltage (5 mV) utilizing a rGO-BiVO4 nanocomposite is demonstrated. The rGO-BiVO4 humidity sensor exhibits superior sensing performances, including good repeatability, negligible hysteresis (0.47%), fast response and recovery time, low power consumption, good stability, and anti-interference ability. The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum reveals that the narrow band gap of the rGO-BiVO4 nanocomposite is conductive to the electron transfer. The complex impedance spectra and the energy band structure analysis further suggest that the boosted humidity performance results from the formation of a heterojunction and the decrease of the heterojunction barrier height. The facile fabrication route, enhanced sensing performance, and excellent device reliability make the rGO-BiVO4 sensor highly attractive for high-end humidity sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamic and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamic and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xuezheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamic and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yanqiao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yi Ou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Han Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yanhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yanting Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Deilin Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Chengjiu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamic and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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20
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Zhou C, Zhang X, Tang N, Fang Y, Zhang H, Duan X. Rapid response flexible humidity sensor for respiration monitoring using nano-confined strategy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:125302. [PMID: 31778983 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab5cda] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Development of wearable devices for continuous respiration monitoring is of great importance for evaluating human health. Here, we propose a new strategy to achieve rapid respiration response by confining conductive polymers into 1D nanowires which facilitates the water molecules absorption/desorption and maximizes the sensor response to moisture. The nanowires arrays were fabricated through a low-cost nanoscale printing approach on flexible substrate. The nanoscale humidity sensor shows a high sensitivity (5.46%) and ultrafast response (0.63 s) when changing humidity between 0% and 13% and can tolerate 1000 repetitions of bending to a curvature radius of 10 mm without influencing its performance. Benefited by its fast response and low power assumption, the humidity sensor was demonstrated to monitor human respiration in real time. Different respiration patterns including normal, fast and deep respiration can be distinguished accurately.
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21
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Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhou J, Lu A. Flexible and Transparent Cellulose-Based Ionic Film as a Humidity Sensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:7631-7638. [PMID: 31961643 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A transparent and flexible cellulose/KOH composite ionic film (CKF) is fabricated as a humidity sensor. CKF exhibits high optical transmittance (87.14% at 550 nm), which has rarely been reported among humidity sensors as a result of the small pore size of the cellulose matrix caused by water-evaporation-induced dense packing and uniform distribution of amorphous KOH via simply soaking-drying. CKF also possesses flexibility and robust mechanical property. The conductive CKF shows fast and reversible real-time response to relative humidity (RH) in the 11.3-97.3% RH range with conductance varying over 200 times, response/recovery times of 6.0/10.8 s, which are shorter than the majority of the reported values, as well as a hysteresis error of 0.57%, which is significantly less than that reported in the literature. Furthermore, CKF is insensitive to both the temperature (10-70 °C) and pressure (0-120 kPa), indicating high selectivity as humidity sensors. In both the non-contact fingertip moisture detection and breathing rate detection, the flexible and transparent CKF-based humidity sensor responds favorably to RH change. Moreover, a flexible and transparent CKF-based wearable skin moisture detector is assembled to measure the moisture of human skin in different situations, whose measurement is very close to the commercial detector. The results offer real-time moisture information on human skin and demonstrate the potential of a CKF-based moisture detector as a promising modular component in integrated intelligent wearable equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
- Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
- Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinping Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
- Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Lu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
- Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
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22
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Effects of pH on High-Performance ZnO Resistive Humidity Sensors Using One-Step Synthesis. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19235267. [PMID: 31795476 PMCID: PMC6929030 DOI: 10.3390/s19235267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we prepared a high-performance zinc oxide (ZnO) humidity sensor in an alkaline environment using one-step hydrothermal method. Experiments showed that the pH value of the precursor solution affects the performance of ZnO humidity sensors. There are abundant hydroxyl group and oxygen vacancies on the surface of ZnO with a precursor pH value of 10. Abundant hydroxyl groups on the surface of ZnO can adsorb a large number of water molecules and rich oxygen vacancies can accelerate the decomposition of water molecules, thus increasing the number of conductive ions (H3O+) and further improving the performance of the sensor. So, such a ZnO humidity sensor exhibited high sensitivity (14,415), good linearity, small hysteresis (0.9%), fast response/recovery time (31/15 s) in the range from 11% to 95% relative humidity (RH). Moreover, the ZnO-2 humidity sensor has good repeatability and can be effectively used for a long time. This study provides a new idea for the development of low-cost, high-performance and reusable ZnO resistive humidity sensors.
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23
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A ciprofloxacin based 1D Cd(II) coordination polymer with highly efficient humidity sensing performance. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.107541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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3D cubic mesoporous C3N4 with tunable pore diameters derived from KIT-6 and their application in base catalyzed Knoevenagel reaction. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Meng Z, Stolz RM, Mendecki L, Mirica KA. Electrically-Transduced Chemical Sensors Based on Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2019; 119:478-598. [PMID: 30604969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrically-transduced sensors, with their simplicity and compatibility with standard electronic technologies, produce signals that can be efficiently acquired, processed, stored, and analyzed. Two dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, including graphene, phosphorene (BP), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), and others, have proven to be attractive for the fabrication of high-performance electrically-transduced chemical sensors due to their remarkable electronic and physical properties originating from their 2D structure. This review highlights the advances in electrically-transduced chemical sensing that rely on 2D materials. The structural components of such sensors are described, and the underlying operating principles for different types of architectures are discussed. The structural features, electronic properties, and surface chemistry of 2D nanostructures that dictate their sensing performance are reviewed. Key advances in the application of 2D materials, from both a historical and analytical perspective, are summarized for four different groups of analytes: gases, volatile compounds, ions, and biomolecules. The sensing performance is discussed in the context of the molecular design, structure-property relationships, and device fabrication technology. The outlook of challenges and opportunities for 2D nanomaterials for the future development of electrically-transduced sensors is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Robert M Stolz
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Lukasz Mendecki
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Katherine A Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
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26
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High performance and moisture stable humidity sensors based on polyvinylidene fluoride nanofibers by improving electric conductivity. POLYM ENG SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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27
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Wang J, Ma Q, Wang Y, Li Z, Li Z, Yuan Q. New insights into the structure-performance relationships of mesoporous materials in analytical science. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:8766-8803. [PMID: 30306180 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00658j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous materials are ideal carriers for guest molecules and they have been widely used in analytical science. The unique mesoporous structure provides special properties including large specific surface area, tunable pore size, and excellent pore connectivity. The structural properties of mesoporous materials have been largely made use of to improve the performance of analytical methods. For instance, the large specific surface area of mesoporous materials can provide abundant active sites and increase the probability of contact between analytes and active sites to produce stronger signals, thus leading to the improvement of detection sensitivity. The connections between analytical performances and the structural properties of mesoporous materials have not been discussed previously. Understanding the "structure-performance relationship" is highly important for the development of analytical methods with excellent performance based on mesoporous materials. In this review, we discuss the structural properties of mesoporous materials that can be optimized to improve the analytical performance. The discussion is divided into five sections according to the analytical performances: (i) selectivity-related structural properties, (ii) sensitivity-related structural properties, (iii) response time-related structural properties, (iv) stability-related structural properties, and (v) recovery time-related structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Qinqin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yingqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Zhiheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Zhihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Quan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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28
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Malik R, Tomer VK, Joshi N. Au-TiO 2-Loaded Cubic g-C 3N 4 Nanohybrids for Photocatalytic and Volatile Organic Amine Sensing Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:34087-34097. [PMID: 30198254 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A green and efficient approach for efficient nanohybrid photocatalysts in extending the light response to the visible spectrum is a hot research topic in sustainable energy technologies. In this work, novel Au-TiO2@m-CN nanocomposite was synthesized using hard template of cubic ordered mesoporous KIT-6 via the nanocasting process. The as-prepared Au-TiO2@m-CN nanohybrids exhibit enhanced photocatalytic activities with improved stability and reusability using methyl orange dye. The enhanced photocatalytic performance is a result of the conjugated effect of catalytic active Au and TiO2 nanoparticles supported on highly efficient visible light sensitizer, graphitic carbon nitride (m-CN or g-C3N4), and ordered mesoporous morphology. Besides, the sensing performance of Au-TiO2@m-CN nanohybrids was also tested for the detection of amine gases, wherein a significant response was reported for triethylamine at low operating temperatures. This study reveals a simple and scalable methodology to design and develop next generation of layered mesoporous materials for multifunctional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Malik
- Synthesis & Real Structure Group, Institute for Materials Science , Kiel University , 24143 Kiel , Germany
| | - Vijay K Tomer
- Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center (BSAC) , University of California Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Nirav Joshi
- Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center (BSAC) , University of California Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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29
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Li W, He SA, Xu W, Wang XC. Synthesis of recyclable magnetic mesoporous RH-FSBA photoelectrocatalyst with double cavity structure. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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30
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Shevate R, Haque MA, Akhtar FH, Villalobos LF, Wu T, Peinemann KV. Embedding 1D Conducting Channels into 3D Isoporous Polymer Films for High-Performance Humidity Sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Shevate
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center; King Abdullah Institute of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Azimul Haque
- Materials Science and Engineering; King Abdullah Institute of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Faheem Hassan Akhtar
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center; King Abdullah Institute of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Luis Francisco Villalobos
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center; King Abdullah Institute of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tom Wu
- Materials Science and Engineering; King Abdullah Institute of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Present address: School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of New South Wales (UNSW); Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Klaus-Viktor Peinemann
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center; King Abdullah Institute of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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31
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Shevate R, Haque MA, Akhtar FH, Villalobos LF, Wu T, Peinemann KV. Embedding 1D Conducting Channels into 3D Isoporous Polymer Films for High-Performance Humidity Sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11218-11222. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Shevate
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center; King Abdullah Institute of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Azimul Haque
- Materials Science and Engineering; King Abdullah Institute of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Faheem Hassan Akhtar
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center; King Abdullah Institute of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Luis Francisco Villalobos
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center; King Abdullah Institute of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tom Wu
- Materials Science and Engineering; King Abdullah Institute of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Present address: School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of New South Wales (UNSW); Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Klaus-Viktor Peinemann
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center; King Abdullah Institute of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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32
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Zhang J, Wang XX, Zhang B, Ramakrishna S, Yu M, Ma JW, Long YZ. In Situ Assembly of Well-Dispersed Ag Nanoparticles throughout Electrospun Alginate Nanofibers for Monitoring Human Breath-Smart Fabrics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:19863-19870. [PMID: 29782141 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Alginate nanofibers assembled with silver nanoparticles throughout the whole nanofiber were fabricated by three steps including electrospinning of Na-alginate nanofibers, ion exchange between the sodium and silver ions, and in situ reduction of silver nanoparticles. The content, distribution, and size of the nanoparticles are controllable by tuning reaction conditions. Ag/alginate nanofibers exhibit good humidity sensitivity in a wide humidity range from 20% ambient relative humidity (RH) to 85% RH. Interestingly, these humidity sensors can be attached to a 3M-9001V mask for monitoring human breath during exercise and emotion changes, and this smart mask exhibits accurate and continuous human breath tracking, no matter how fast or slow as well as how deep or shallow is the human breathing. The obtained frequencies of respiration during normal, running, delight, and sadness conditions were 16, 13, 14, and 8 times per minute, respectively. Moreover, the signal waveform obtained under emotion changes is distinguishable, implying its potential applications in lie detection and interrogation. Thanks to this smart mask, it could accurately capture the rate and depth of respiration, providing an effective, low-cost, and convenient approach for tracking respiration, and it was utilized as smart fabrics in avoiding sleep apnea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers & Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117574 , Singapore
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Columbia University , New York 10027 , United States
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33
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He P, Brent JR, Ding H, Yang J, Lewis DJ, O'Brien P, Derby B. Fully printed high performance humidity sensors based on two-dimensional materials. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:5599-5606. [PMID: 29565064 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08115d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Fully printed humidity sensors based on two-dimensional (2D) materials are described. Monolayer graphene oxide (GO) and few-layered black phosphorus (BP) flakes were dispersed in low boiling point solvents suitable for inkjet printing. The humidity sensors were fabricated by printing GO and BP sensing layers on printed silver nanoparticle electrodes. The electrical response of the GO and BP sensors to humidity levels ranges from 11 to 97% relative humidity, which revealed a high capacitance sensitivity of 4.45 × 104 times for the GO sensor and 5.08 × 103 times for the BP sensor at 10 Hz operation frequency. Response/recovery times of the GO and BP sensor were found to be 2.7/4.6 s and 4.7/3.0 s respectively. These sensors also showed sensitive and fast response to a proximal human fingertip, showing potential applications in contactless switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- P He
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - J R Brent
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - H Ding
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - J Yang
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - D J Lewis
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - P O'Brien
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK
| | - B Derby
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK.
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34
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Sharma A, Kumar Y, Mazumder K, Rana AK, Shirage PM. Controlled Zn1−xNixO nanostructures for an excellent humidity sensor and a plausible sensing mechanism. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04801g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A Freundlich adsorption isotherm model confirms a plausible humidity sensing mechanism when using wet chemically prepared Zn1−xNixO nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfa Sharma
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering & Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore-453552
- India
| | - Yogendra Kumar
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering & Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore-453552
- India
| | - Kushal Mazumder
- Discipline of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore-453552
- India
| | - Amit Kumar Rana
- Discipline of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore-453552
- India
| | - Parasharam M. Shirage
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering & Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore-453552
- India
- Discipline of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore-453552
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35
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Poonia E, Mishra PK, Kiran V, Sangwan J, Kumar R, Rai PK, Tomer VK. Aero-gel assisted synthesis of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles for humidity sensing application. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:6293-6298. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00106e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aero-gel based one-pot synthesis of anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles having a high surface area of 125 m2 g−1 has been reported in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Poonia
- Physical Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- D.C.R. University of Science & Technology
- Murthal
- India
| | - Prashant Kumar Mishra
- Environment Safety Group
- Centre for Fire
- Explosive and Environment Safety
- Delhi-110054
- India
| | | | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007
- India
| | - Pramod Kumar Rai
- Environment Safety Group
- Centre for Fire
- Explosive and Environment Safety
- Delhi-110054
- India
| | - Vijay K. Tomer
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center (BSAC)
- University of California
- Berkeley
- USA
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36
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Tomer V, Malik R, Kailasam K. Near-Room-Temperature Ethanol Detection Using Ag-Loaded Mesoporous Carbon Nitrides. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:3658-3668. [PMID: 31457680 PMCID: PMC6641218 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Development of room-temperature gas sensors is a much sought-after aspect that has fostered research in realizing new two-dimensional materials with high surface area for rapid response and low-ppm detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Herein, a fast-response and low-ppm ethanol gas sensor operating at near room temperature has been fabricated successfully by utilizing cubic mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN, commonly known as g-C3N4), synthesized through template inversion of mesoporous silica, KIT-6. Upon exposure to 50 ppm ethanol at 250 °C, the optimized Ag/g-CN showed a significantly higher response (R a/R g = 49.2), fast response (11.5 s), and full recovery within 7 s in air. Results of sensing tests conducted at 40 °C show that the sensor exhibits not only a highly selective response to 50 ppm (R a/R g = 1.3) and 100 ppm (R a/R g = 3.2) of ethanol gas but also highly reversible and rapid response and recovery along with long-term stability. This outstanding response is due to its easily accessible three-dimensional mesoporous structure with higher surface area and unique planar morphology of Ag/g-CN. This study could provide new avenues for the design of next-generation room-temperature VOC sensors for effective and efficient monitoring of alarming concern over indoor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay
K. Tomer
- Institute
of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Ritu Malik
- Department
of Applied Physics, Mahavir Swami Institute
of Technology, Sonepat, Haryana 131001, India
| | - Kamalakannan Kailasam
- Institute
of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
- E-mail: ,
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37
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Kumar Y, Sharma A, Shirage P. Shape-controlled CoFe2O4 nanoparticles as an excellent material for humidity sensing. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11072c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The humidity sensing performance of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe2O4 NPs) with controlled morphology obtained via a solution route is reported in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Kumar
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore-453552
- India
| | - Alfa Sharma
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore-453552
- India
| | - Parasharam M. Shirage
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore-453552
- India
- Discipline of Physics
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