1
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Granhøj J, Zalibera M, Malček M, Bliksted Roug Pedersen V, Erbs Hillers-Bendtsen A, Mikkelsen KV, Rapta P, Brøndsted Nielsen M. Extended Tetrathiafulvalenes with Fluoreno[3,2-b]fluorene and Diindeno[1,2-b : 1',2'-i]anthracene Cores. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302688. [PMID: 37930277 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
In one-dimensional polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) containing five- and six-membered rings fused together, one key question is whether the structures possess a quinoidal or aromatic diradical character. Here, we generate such PAHs by reversible oxidation of PAH-extended tetrathiafulvalenes (TTFs). Extended TTFs were thus prepared and studied for their geometrical properties (crystallography), redox properties, and UV/Vis/NIR/EPR characteristics as a function of charge state. The EPR measurements of radical cations showed unique features for each PAH-TTF. The dications, formally composed of fluoreno[3,2-b]fluorene and diindeno[1,2-b:1',2'-i]anthracene cores, were experimentally found to exhibit singlet ground states. For the latter, calculations reveal the closed shell, quinoid singlet state to be isoenergetic with the open shell singlet diradical. Each charge state exhibited unique optical properties with radical cations absorbing strongly in the NIR region with signatures from π-dimers for the large core. The experimental results were paralleled and supported by detailed computations, including spin density distribution calculations, EPR simulations, and nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) xy scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Granhøj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Michal Zalibera
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-81237, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Malček
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-81237, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | | | - Kurt V Mikkelsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Peter Rapta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-81237, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Mogens Brøndsted Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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2
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Granhøj J, Bliksted Roug Pedersen V, Lundgård Krøll P, Broløs L, Brøndsted Nielsen M. Synthesis of 2-(Methylthio)-1,3-dithioles from 1,3-Dithiole-2-thiones: Important Building Blocks in Tetrathiafulvalene Chemistry. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12853-12856. [PMID: 37610134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
2-(Methylthio)-1,3-dithioles are important heterocyclic compounds used for the preparation of redox-active derivatives of tetrathiafulvalene as they serve as precursors for phosphonate esters that can be employed in Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination reactions. Here, we present a mild and less hazardous method than previous methods for converting readily accessible 1,3-dithiole-2-thiones into 2-(methylthio)-1,3-dithioles by methylation with trimethyl orthoformate and HBF4·Et2O and a subsequent reduction with NaBH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Granhøj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Lundgård Krøll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Broløs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mogens Brøndsted Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Bui TT, Péralta S, Dumur F. Synthesis and Optical Properties of a Series of Push-Pull Dyes Based on Pyrene as the Electron Donor. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031489. [PMID: 36771166 PMCID: PMC9920555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fifteen push-pull dyes comprising the tetracyclic polyaromatic pyrene have been designed and synthesized. The optical properties of the fifteen dyes have been examined in twenty-two solvents of different polarities. Surprisingly, contrarily to what is classically observed for push-pull dyes of D-π-A structures, a negative solvatochromism could be found for numerous dyes. The photoluminescence and thermal properties of the dyes were also examined. Theoretical calculations were carried out to support the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Frédéric Dumur
- CY Cergy Paris Université, LPPI, F-95000 Cergy, France
- Aix Marseille Univ CNRS, ICR UMR7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
- CY Cergy Paris Université, CY Advanced Studies (CY AS), F-95000 Cergy, France
- Correspondence:
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4
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Wiesner T, Pardon M, Maier S, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. N-Acenoacenes: Synthesis and Solid-State Properties. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201916. [PMID: 35947374 PMCID: PMC10091707 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Four N-acenoacenes were synthesized and analyzed for their optoelectronic properties and solid-state packings. Two of the regioisomeric acridinoacridines are TIPS-ethynylated, whereas the other pair are Boc- and triflate substituted derivatives. The two TIPS-ethynyldiazaacenoacenes were processed into organic thin-film transistors with saturation hole mobilities reaching 2.9×10-2 cm2 (Vs)-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wiesner
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Pardon
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM), Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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5
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Xu Q, Wang C, Zheng D, He J, Wang Y, Chen X, Jiang H. A Distorted Hybrid Corannulene-Dibenzobistetracene. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13990-13996. [PMID: 33729788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c03065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have designed and synthesized a new type of distorted nanographene by Diels-Alder and Scholl reactions that contains one dibenzobistetracene (DBT, 1) core and two end-capping corannulene units. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses demonstrate that nanographene 1 contains two [5] helicene subunits with a dihedral angle of 62°, consequently leading to the distorted DBT core. In addition, the photophysical properties and (non)aromaticity of 1 were investigated by the absorption and emission spectra in combination with theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Chu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Dan Zheng
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Jing He
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Xuebo Chen
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Hua Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
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6
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Nielsen MB. The 1,3-dithiol-2-ide carbanion. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5999-6006. [PMID: 34190306 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00975c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1,3-Dithiol-2-ide is a fully unsaturated five-membered heterocycle with a carbanion unit between two of the ring sulfur atoms. Derivatives thereof are important intermediates in synthetic protocols for preparing various 1,4-dithiafulvene (DTF) and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) compounds by Wittig, Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons, or phosphite-mediated olefination reactions. When considering the electronic properties of DTF, one would usually consider this unit as an electron-donating group as it can form a 6π-aromatic 1,3-dithiolium ring by resonance. Yet, in this review, I will move forward a dual character of the DTF by which it can also act as an electron-withdrawing group, involving formation of the 1,3-dithiol-2-ide. In particular, this electronic effect can be used to explain its ability to promote the electrocyclic ring closure of a vinylheptafulvene into a dihydroazulene. This view on the properties of DTF is very much in line with the dual reactivity of ketene dithioacetals that react with both nucleophiles and electrophiles. Moreover, the 1,3-dithiol-2-ide unit was recently generated in the reduction of an extended and quinoid-like TTF where the core became an aromatic carbo-benzene moiety. This aspect is particularly interesting for future design of extended TTFs that can act as both electron donors and acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mogens Brøndsted Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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7
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Bliksted Roug Pedersen V, Granhøj J, Erbs Hillers-Bendtsen A, Kadziola A, Mikkelsen KV, Brøndsted Nielsen M. Fulvalene-Based Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Ladder-Type Structures: Synthesis and Properties. Chemistry 2021; 27:8315-8324. [PMID: 33856724 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have found strong interest for their electronic properties and as model systems for graphene. While PAHs have been studied intensively as single units, here PAHs were constructed in ladder-type arrangements using cross-conjugated fulvalene and dithiafulvalene motifs as connecting units and moving forward a convenient synthetic approach for dimerizing (thio)ketones into olefins by the action of Lawesson's reagent. Some of the PAHs can also be regarded as "super-extended" tetrathiafulvalenes (TTFs) with some of the largest cores ever explored, being multi-redox systems that exhibit both reversible oxidations and reductions. Concomitant absorption redshifts were observed when expanding the ladder-type structures from one to two to three indenofluorene units, and optical and electrochemical HOMO-LUMO gaps were found to correlate linearly. Various conformations (and solid-state packing arrangements) were studied by X-ray crystallography and computations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeppe Granhøj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Kadziola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kurt V Mikkelsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Mogens Brøndsted Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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8
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Tonga M. Effect of π‒conjugation on aggregation–induced emission of α–cyanostilbene incorporated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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9
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Listunov D, Hammerich O, Caballero‐Quintana I, Poater A, Barthes C, Duhayon C, Larsen MH, Maldonado J, Ramos‐Ortiz G, Nielsen MB, Maraval V, Chauvin R. Core
carbo
‐mer of an Extended Tetrathiafulvalene: Redox‐Controlled Reversible Conversion to a
carbo
‐Benzenic Dication. Chemistry 2020; 26:10707-10711. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ole Hammerich
- Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química Universitat de Girona c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 69 17003 Girona Catalonia Spain
| | - Cécile Barthes
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
| | - Carine Duhayon
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
| | - Mie Højer Larsen
- Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Remi Chauvin
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
- School of Biomedical Sciences Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 P. R. China
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10
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Broløs L, Kilde MD, Hammerich O, Nielsen MB. Toward Redox-Active Indenofluorene-Extended Tetrathiafulvalene Oligomers-Synthesis and Studies of Dimeric Scaffolds. J Org Chem 2020; 85:3277-3286. [PMID: 31984743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The promotion of mixed-valence interactions between redox-active, π-conjugated scaffolds is of interest when developing new conducting or electrochromic materials as well as in the construction of redox-controlled supramolecular assemblies. In this work, dimeric structures of the redox-active indenofluorene-extended tetrathiafulvalene (IF-TTF) unit were synthesized in a stepwise protocol. The synthesis relied on the development of a new unsymmetrical IF-TTF building block by a combination of phosphite-mediated and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reactions for introduction of the dithiafulvene units. The redox properties were studied by cyclic voltammetry, where it was observed that a first one-electron oxidation, corresponding to a mixed-valence state, occurs at a significantly lower potential when the IF-TTF unit is incorporated into a dimer, compared to a monomer analogue. This result indicates that locking the redox-active IF-TTF units in close proximity promotes intramolecular mixed-valence interactions. A computational study was also conducted, supporting the involvement of intramolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Broløs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Drøhse Kilde
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Hammerich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mogens Brøndsted Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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F. Abdollahi M, Zhao Y. Recent advances in dithiafulvenyl-functionalized organic conjugated materials. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj06430c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the recent studies of advanced organic π-conjugated materials that contain 1,4-dithiafulvene (DTF) as a redox-active component.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuming Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- Memorial University of Newfoundland
- St. John's
- Canada
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12
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Yin X, Low JZ, Fallon KJ, Paley DW, Campos LM. The butterfly effect in bisfluorenylidene-based dihydroacenes: aggregation induced emission and spin switching. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10733-10739. [PMID: 32153748 PMCID: PMC7020927 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04096j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Linear acenes are a well-studied class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their established physical properties have led to their widespread application across the field of organic electronics. However, their quinoidal forms - dihydroacenes - are much less explored and exhibit vastly different photophysical and electronic properties due to their non-planar, cross-conjugated nature. In this work, we present a series of difluorenylidene dihydroacenes which exhibit a butterfly-like structure with a quinoidal skeleton, resulting in comparatively higher optical gaps and lower redox activities than those of their planar analogs. We found that these compounds exhibit aggregation induced emission (AIE), activated through restriction of the "flapping" vibrational mode of the molecules in the solid state. Furthermore, anthracene-containing dihydroacenes exhibit thermally activated ground-state spin switching as evidenced by planarization of the acene core and diradical activity recorded by EPR. These two characteristics in this relatively unexplored class of materials provide new insights for the design of multifunctional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 102488 , P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Jonathan Z Low
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Kealan J Fallon
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Daniel W Paley
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Luis M Campos
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
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13
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Jousselin-Oba T, Mamada M, Marrot J, Maignan A, Adachi C, Yassar A, Frigoli M. Excellent Semiconductors Based on Tetracenotetracene and Pentacenopentacene: From Stable Closed-Shell to Singlet Open-Shell. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9373-9381. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanguy Jousselin-Oba
- UMR CNRS 8180, UVSQ, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Masashi Mamada
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), JST ERATO Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, and Education Center for Global Leaders in Molecular System for Devices, Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jérôme Marrot
- UMR CNRS 8180, UVSQ, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Antoine Maignan
- UMR CNRS 6508, Normandie Université, CRISMAT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), JST ERATO Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, and Education Center for Global Leaders in Molecular System for Devices, Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Abderrahim Yassar
- UMR CNRS 7647, LPICM-École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Michel Frigoli
- UMR CNRS 8180, UVSQ, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
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14
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Lungerich D, Papaianina O, Feofanov M, Liu J, Devarajulu M, Troyanov SI, Maier S, Amsharov K. Dehydrative π-extension to nanographenes with zig-zag edges. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4756. [PMID: 30420660 PMCID: PMC6232111 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zig-zag nanographenes are promising candidates for the applications in organic electronics due to the electronic properties induced by their periphery. However, the synthetic access to these compounds remains virtually unexplored. There is a lack in efficient and mild strategies origins in the reduced stability, increased reactivity, and low solubility of these compounds. Herein we report a facile access to pristine zig-zag nanographenes, utilizing an acid-promoted intramolecular reductive cyclization of arylaldehydes, and demonstrate a three-step route to nanographenes constituted of angularly fused tetracenes or pentacenes. The mild conditions are scalable to gram quantities and give insoluble nanostructures in close to quantitative yields. The strategy allows the synthesis of elusive low bandgap nanographenes, with values as low as 1.62 eV. Compared to their linear homologues, the structures have an increased stability in the solid-state, even though computational analyses show distinct diradical character. The structures were confirmed by X-ray diffraction or scanning tunneling microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Lungerich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry & Molecular Technology Innovation Presidential Endowed Chair, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Olena Papaianina
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mikhail Feofanov
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mirunalini Devarajulu
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sergey I Troyanov
- Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Sabine Maier
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Amsharov
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
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15
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A M2L2 Redox-Active Metalla-Macrocycle Based on Electron-Rich 9-(1,3-Dithiol-2-ylidene)Fluorene. INORGANICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics6020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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16
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Jousselin-Oba T, Sbargoud K, Vaccaro G, Meinardi F, Yassar A, Frigoli M. Novel Fluorophores based on Regioselective Intramolecular Friedel-Crafts Acylation of the Pyrene Ring Using Triflic Acid. Chemistry 2017; 23:16184-16188. [PMID: 28944984 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The extension of the pyrene ring from dimethyl 2,2'-(pyrene-1,6-diyl)dibenzoate derivatives by an intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation can be realized in an efficient and regioselective manner using triflic acid as proton source. Naphtho-tetracenone derivatives are obtained in high yields at room temperature while Bis-tetracene-diones are prepared upon heating. Both products display interesting fluorescence properties in the visible range with quantum yields varying from 50 to 60 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanguy Jousselin-Oba
- UMR CNRS 8180, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 avenue des États-Unis Bâtiment Lavoisier, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Kamal Sbargoud
- UMR CNRS 8180, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 avenue des États-Unis Bâtiment Lavoisier, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Gianfranco Vaccaro
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Meinardi
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125, Milano, Italy
| | - Abderrahim Yassar
- UMR CNRS 7647, LPICM-École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, Paris, France
| | - Michel Frigoli
- UMR CNRS 8180, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 avenue des États-Unis Bâtiment Lavoisier, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
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Petersen JF, Frederickson CK, Marshall JL, Rudebusch GE, Zakharov LN, Hammerich O, Haley MM, Nielsen MB. Expanded Indacene–Tetrathiafulvalene Scaffolds: Structural Implications for Redox Properties and Association Behavior. Chemistry 2017; 23:13120-13130. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Fabritius Petersen
- Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403-1253 USA
| | - Conerd K. Frederickson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403-1253 USA
| | - Jonathan L. Marshall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403-1253 USA
| | - Gabriel E. Rudebusch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403-1253 USA
| | - Lev N. Zakharov
- CAMCOR-Center for Advanced Materials Characterization in Oregon University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403-1433 USA
| | - Ole Hammerich
- Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Michael M. Haley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403-1253 USA
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Sbargoud K, Mamada M, Jousselin-Oba T, Takeda Y, Tokito S, Yassar A, Marrot J, Frigoli M. Low Bandgap Bistetracene-Based Organic Semiconductors Exhibiting Air Stability, High Aromaticity and Mobility. Chemistry 2017; 23:5076-5080. [PMID: 28230283 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The benchmark of soluble organic semiconductors based on acenes is the 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene (TIPS-PEN). However TIPS-PEN still suffers from photoinduced oxidation due to its low degree of aromaticity. Increasing the aromaticity while keeping similar optical and electrochemical properties as well as a shape suitable for good hole transport can be achieved with two-dimensional polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (2D-PAHs). Herein, we present an efficient synthesis and characterization of bistetracene derivatives that exhibit a band gap up to 1.71 eV and an increased stability up to 21 times compared to TIPS-PEN and mobility over 0.1 cm2 V-1 s-1 in solution-processed organic field-effect transistors. Based on simple structural consideration, the high stability is attributed to the aromaticity of the bistetracene which is comparable to an anthrancene along each tetracene. According to Clar's sextet rule, the bistetracene should be best regarded as two anthracenes fused at the face bridged by two ethylenic spacers. The synthesis path paves the way towards the preparation of ambipolar and/or longer 2D-PAHs such as bispentacenes and could give rise to organic semiconductors with interesting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Sbargoud
- UMR CNRS 8180, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Masashi Mamada
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Tanguy Jousselin-Oba
- UMR CNRS 8180, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Yasunori Takeda
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Japan
| | - Shizuo Tokito
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Japan
| | - Abderrahim Yassar
- UMR CNRS 7647, LPICM-École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Jérôme Marrot
- UMR CNRS 8180, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Michel Frigoli
- UMR CNRS 8180, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, France
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