1
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Kambar N, Go YK, Snyder C, Do MN, Leal C. Structural characterization of lateral phase separation in polymer-lipid hybrid membranes. Methods Enzymol 2024; 700:235-273. [PMID: 38971602 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2024.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Hierarchic self-assembly is the main mechanism used to create diverse structures using soft materials. This is a case for both synthetic materials and biomolecular systems, as exemplified by the non-covalent organization of lipids into membranes. In nature, lipids often assemble into single bilayers, but other nanostructures are encountered, such as bilayer stacks and tubular and vesicular aggregates. Synthetic block copolymers can be engineered to recapitulate many of the structures, forms, and functions of lipid systems. When block copolymers are amphiphilic, they can be inserted or co-assembled into hybrid membranes that exhibit synergistic structural, permeability, and mechanical properties. One example is the emergence of lateral phase separation akin to the raft formation in biomembranes. When higher-order structures, such as hybrid membranes, are formed, this lateral phase separation can be correlated across membranes in the stack. This chapter outlines a set of important methods, such as X-ray Scattering, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Cryo-Electron Microscopy, that are relevant to characterizing and evaluating lateral and correlated phase separation in hybrid membranes at the nano and mesoscales. Understanding the phase behavior of polymer-lipid hybrid materials could lead to innovative advancements in biomimetic membrane separation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurila Kambar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Yoo Kyung Go
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Corey Snyder
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Minh N Do
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Cecília Leal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.
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2
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Otrin N, Otrin L, Bednarz C, Träger TK, Hamdi F, Kastritis PL, Ivanov I, Sundmacher K. Protein-Rich Rafts in Hybrid Polymer/Lipid Giant Unilamellar Vesicles. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:778-791. [PMID: 38190609 PMCID: PMC10865357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Considerable attention has been dedicated to lipid rafts due to their importance in numerous cell functions such as membrane trafficking, polarization, and signaling. Next to studies in living cells, artificial micrometer-sized vesicles with a minimal set of components are established as a major tool to understand the phase separation dynamics and their intimate interplay with membrane proteins. In parallel, mixtures of phospholipids and certain amphiphilic polymers simultaneously offer an interface for proteins and mimic this segregation behavior, presenting a tangible synthetic alternative for fundamental studies and bottom-up design of cellular mimics. However, the simultaneous insertion of complex and sensitive membrane proteins is experimentally challenging and thus far has been largely limited to natural lipids. Here, we present the co-reconstitution of the proton pump bo3 oxidase and the proton consumer ATP synthase in hybrid polymer/lipid giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) via fusion/electroformation. Variations of the current method allow for tailored reconstitution protocols and control of the vesicle size. In particular, mixing of protein-free and protein-functionalized nanosized vesicles in the electroformation film results in larger GUVs, while separate reconstitution of the respiratory enzymes enables higher ATP synthesis rates. Furthermore, protein labeling provides a synthetic mechanism for phase separation and protein sequestration, mimicking lipid- and protein-mediated domain formation in nature. The latter means opens further possibilities for re-enacting phenomena like supercomplex assembly or symmetry breaking and enriches the toolbox of bottom-up synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Otrin
- Process
Systems Engineering, Max Planck Institute
for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lado Otrin
- Process
Systems Engineering, Max Planck Institute
for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Bednarz
- Process
Systems Engineering, Max Planck Institute
for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Toni K. Träger
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center HALOmem and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Biozentrum, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Farzad Hamdi
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center HALOmem and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Biozentrum, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Panagiotis L. Kastritis
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center HALOmem and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Biozentrum, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
- Institute
of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research
Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Process
Systems Engineering, Max Planck Institute
for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Grup
de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Rambla Sant Nebridi 22, 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Kai Sundmacher
- Process
Systems Engineering, Max Planck Institute
for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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3
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Wagner AM, Kostina NY, Xiao Q, Klein ML, Percec V, Rodriguez-Emmenegger C. Glycan-Driven Formation of Raft-Like Domains with Hierarchical Periodic Nanoarrays on Dendrimersome Synthetic Cells. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:366-378. [PMID: 38064646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The accurate spatial segregation into distinct phases within cell membranes coordinates vital biochemical processes and functionalities in living organisms. One of nature's strategies to localize reactivity is the formation of dynamic raft domains. Most raft models rely on liquid-ordered L0 phases in a liquid-disordered Ld phase lacking correlation and remaining static, often necessitating external agents for phase separation. Here, we introduce a synthetic system of bicomponent glycodendrimersomes coassembled from Janus dendrimers and Janus glycodendrimers (JGDs), where lactose-lactose interactions exclusively drive lateral organization. This mechanism results in modulated phases across two length scales, yielding raft-like microdomains featuring nanoarrays at the nanoscale. By varying the density of lactose and molecular architecture of JGDs, the nanoarray type and size, shape, and spacing of the domains were controlled. Our findings offer insight into the potential primordial origins of rudimentary raft domains and highlight the crucial role of glycans within the glycocalyx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Wagner
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Nina Yu Kostina
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Qi Xiao
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Institute of Computational Molecular Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Michael L Klein
- Institute of Computational Molecular Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Emmenegger
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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4
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Ikkene D, Six JL, Ferji K. Progress in Aqueous Dispersion RAFT PISA. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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5
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Phase separation in polymer-based biomimetic structures containing planar membranes. Biointerphases 2022; 17:060802. [PMID: 36575113 DOI: 10.1116/6.0002078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Phase separation in biological membranes is crucial for proper cellular functions, such as signaling and trafficking, as it mediates the interactions of condensates on membrane-bound organelles and transmembrane transport to targeted destination compartments. The separation of a lipid bilayer into phases and the formation of lipid rafts involve the restructuring of molecular localization, their immobilization, and local accumulation. By understanding the processes underlying the formation of lipid rafts in a cellular membrane, it is possible to reconstitute this phenomenon in synthetic biomimetic membranes, such as hybrids of lipids and polymers or membranes composed solely of polymers, which offer an increased physicochemical stability and unlimited possibilities of chemical modification and functionalization. In this article, we relate the main lipid bilayer phase transition phenomenon with respect to hybrid biomimetic membranes, composed of lipids mixed with polymers, and fully synthetic membranes. Following, we review the occurrence of phase separation in biomimetic hybrid membranes based on lipids and/or direct lipid analogs, amphiphilic block copolymers. We further exemplify the phase separation and the resulting properties and applications in planar membranes, free-standing and solid-supported. We briefly list methods leading to the formation of such biomimetic membranes and reflect on their improved overall stability and influence on the separation into different phases within the membranes. Due to the importance of phase separation and compartmentalization in cellular membranes, we are convinced that this compiled overview of this phenomenon will be helpful for any researcher in the biomimicry area.
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6
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Assembly methods for asymmetric lipid and polymer-lipid vesicles. Emerg Top Life Sci 2022; 6:609-617. [PMID: 36533596 DOI: 10.1042/etls20220055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric unilamellar vesicles are aqueous bodies surrounded by two dissimilar leaflets made from lipids, polymers, or both. They are great models for cell membranes and attractive vehicles in potential biomedicine applications. Despite their promise, asymmetric unilamellar vesicles are not widely studied or adopted in applications. This is largely due to the complexity in generating asymmetric membranes. Recent technical advances in microfluidics have opened doors to high throughput fabrication of asymmetric unilamellar vesicles. In this review, we focus on microfluidic methods for generating asymmetric lipid vesicles, with two dissimilar lipid leaflets, and asymmetric lipid-polymer vesicles, with one lipid leaflet and one polymer leaflet. We also review a few standard non-microfluidic methods for generating asymmetric vesicles. We hope to highlight the improved capability in obtaining asymmetric vesicles through a variety of methods and encourage the wider scientific community to adopt some of these for their own work.
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7
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Li DY, Zhou ZH, Yu YL, Deng NN. Microfluidic construction of cytoskeleton-like hydrogel matrix for stabilizing artificial cells. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Hamada N, Longo ML. Charged hybrid block copolymer-lipid-cholesterol vesicles: pH, ionic environment, and composition dependence of phase transitions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:184026. [PMID: 35952852 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of pH, salt concentration (expressed as Debye length), and composition on the phase behavior of hybrid block copolymer-lipid-cholesterol bilayers incorporating carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) copolymer (PBdPEO1800(-)) or/and non-carboxyl-terminated PBdPEO (PBdPEO1800 or/and PBdPEO950), egg sphingomyelin (egg SM), and cholesterol were examined using fluorescence spectroscopy of laurdan. Laurdan emission spectra were decomposed into three lognormal curves as functions of energy. The ratio of the area of the mid-energy peak to the sum of the areas of all three peaks was evaluated as vesicles were cooled, yielding temperature breakpoint values (Tbreak) expected to be within the range of the phase transition temperature. Tbreak values displayed dependence on pH, Debye length, and vesicle composition consistent with an electrostatic repulsion contribution to vesicle phase behavior. Increased pH and Debye length, for which a greater dissociated fraction of PBdPEO1800(-) and a greater energy of electrostatic repulsion would be expected, resulted in Tbreak values as much as 10 °C less than at low pH or short Debye lengths. Additionally, at Debye lengths comparable to those at physiologically relevant ionic strength, Tbreak at pH 5.9 was observed to be slightly higher than at pH 7.0 for vesicles containing 50 mol% PBdPEO1800(-). Electrostatic effects observed for hybrid vesicles incorporating significant amounts of carboxyl-terminated polymer may have the ability to drive phase separation in response to pH drops-such as those observed after endocytosis-in physiologically relevant conditions, suggesting the utility of such materials for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Hamada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Marjorie L Longo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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9
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Wagner AM, Quandt J, Söder D, Garay‐Sarmiento M, Joseph A, Petrovskii VS, Witzdam L, Hammoor T, Steitz P, Haraszti T, Potemkin II, Kostina NY, Herrmann A, Rodriguez‐Emmenegger C. Ionic Combisomes: A New Class of Biomimetic Vesicles to Fuse with Life. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200617. [PMID: 35393756 PMCID: PMC9189634 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The construction of biomembranes that faithfully capture the properties and dynamic functions of cell membranes remains a challenge in the development of synthetic cells and their application. Here a new concept for synthetic cell membranes based on the self-assembly of amphiphilic comb polymers into vesicles, termed ionic combisomes (i-combisomes) is introduced. These combs consist of a polyzwitterionic backbone to which hydrophobic tails are linked by electrostatic interactions. Using a range of microscopies and molecular simulations, the self-assembly of a library of combs in water is screened. It is discovered that the hydrophobic tails form the membrane's core and force the backbone into a rod conformation with nematic-like ordering confined to the interface with water. This particular organization resulted in membranes that combine the stability of classic polymersomes with the biomimetic thickness, flexibility, and lateral mobility of liposomes. Such unparalleled matching of biophysical properties and the ability to locally reconfigure the molecular topology of its constituents enable the harboring of functional components of natural membranes and fusion with living bacteria to "hijack" their periphery. This provides an almost inexhaustible palette to design the chemical and biological makeup of the i-combisomes membrane resulting in a powerful platform for fundamental studies and technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Wagner
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 2Aachen52074Germany
| | - Jonas Quandt
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 2Aachen52074Germany
| | - Dominik Söder
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 2Aachen52074Germany
| | - Manuela Garay‐Sarmiento
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
- Chair of BiotechnologyRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 3Aachen52074Germany
| | - Anton Joseph
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 2Aachen52074Germany
| | - Vladislav S. Petrovskii
- Physics DepartmentLomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskie Gory 1–2Moscow119991Russian Federation
| | - Lena Witzdam
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 2Aachen52074Germany
| | - Thomas Hammoor
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
| | - Philipp Steitz
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
| | - Tamás Haraszti
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
| | - Igor I. Potemkin
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
- Physics DepartmentLomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskie Gory 1–2Moscow119991Russian Federation
- National Research, South Ural State UniversityChelyabinsk454080Russian Federation
| | - Nina Yu. Kostina
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 2Aachen52074Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 2Aachen52074Germany
| | - Cesar Rodriguez‐Emmenegger
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraße 50Aachen52074Germany
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)Carrer de Baldiri Reixac, 10, 12Barcelona08028Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)Passeig Lluís Companys 23Barcelona08010Spain
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10
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Di Leone S, Kyropoulou M, Köchlin J, Wehr R, Meier WP, Palivan CG. Tailoring a Solvent-Assisted Method for Solid-Supported Hybrid Lipid-Polymer Membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6561-6570. [PMID: 35580858 PMCID: PMC9161443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Combining amphiphilic block copolymers and phospholipids opens new opportunities for the preparation of artificial membranes. The chemical versatility and mechanical robustness of polymers together with the fluidity and biocompatibility of lipids afford hybrid membranes with unique properties that are of great interest in the field of bioengineering. Owing to its straightforwardness, the solvent-assisted method (SA) is particularly attractive for obtaining solid-supported membranes. While the SA method was first developed for lipids and very recently extended to amphiphilic block copolymers, its potential to develop hybrid membranes has not yet been explored. Here, we tailor the SA method to prepare solid-supported polymer-lipid hybrid membranes by combining a small library of amphiphilic diblock copolymers poly(dimethyl siloxane)-poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) and poly(butylene oxide)-block-poly(glycidol) with phospholipids commonly found in cell membranes including 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, sphingomyelin, and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(glutaryl). The optimization of the conditions under which the SA method was applied allowed for the formation of hybrid polymer-lipid solid-supported membranes. The real-time formation and morphology of these hybrid membranes were evaluated using a combination of quartz crystal microbalance and atomic force microscopy. Depending on the type of polymer-lipid combination, significant differences in membrane coverage, formation of domains, and quality of membranes were obtained. The use of the SA method for a rapid and controlled formation of solid-supported hybrid membranes provides the basis for developing customized artificial hybrid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Di Leone
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
- School
of Life Sciences, Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland
(FHNW), Grundenstrasse
40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Myrto Kyropoulou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research Molecular Systems Engineering (NCCR
MSE), BPR 1095, Mattenstrasse
24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julian Köchlin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Wehr
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang P. Meier
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research Molecular Systems Engineering (NCCR
MSE), BPR 1095, Mattenstrasse
24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G. Palivan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research Molecular Systems Engineering (NCCR
MSE), BPR 1095, Mattenstrasse
24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Hamada N, Longo ML. Characterization of phase separation phenomena in hybrid lipid/block copolymer/cholesterol bilayers using laurdan fluorescence with log-normal multipeak analysis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183887. [PMID: 35150645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.183887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phase separation phenomena in hybrid lipid/block copolymer/cholesterol bilayers combining polybutadiene-block-polyethylene oxide (PBdPEO), egg sphingomyelin (egg SM), and cholesterol were studied with fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy for comparison to lipid bilayers composed of palmitoyl oleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC), egg SM, and cholesterol. Laurdan emission spectra were decomposed into three lognormal curves. The temperature dependence of the ratios of the areas of the middle and lowest energy peaks revealed temperature break-point (Tbreak) values that were in better agreement, compared to generalized polarization inflection temperatures, with phase transition temperatures in giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). Agreement between GUV and spectroscopy results was further improved for hybrid vesicles by using the ratio of the area of the middle peak to the sum of the areas all three peaks to find the Tbreak values. For the hybrid vesicles, trends at Tbreak are hypothesized to be correlated with the mechanisms by which the phase transition takes place, supported by the compositional range as well as the morphologies of domains observed in GUVs. Low miscibility of PBdPEO and egg SM is suggested by the finding of relatively high Tbreak values at cholesterol contents greater than 30 mol%. Further, GUV phase behavior suggests stronger partitioning of cholesterol into PBdPEO than into POPC, and less miscibility of PBdPEO than POPC with egg SM. These results, summarized using a heat-map, contribute to the limited body of knowledge regarding the effect of cholesterol on hybrid membranes, with potential application toward the development of such materials for drug delivery or membrane protein reconstitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Hamada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Marjorie L Longo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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12
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Seneviratne R, Catania R, Rappolt M, Jeuken LJC, Beales PA. Membrane mixing and dynamics in hybrid POPC/poly(1,2-butadiene- block-ethylene oxide) (PBd- b-PEO) lipid/block co-polymer giant vesicles. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1294-1301. [PMID: 35048939 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01591e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lipids and block copolymers can individually self-assemble into vesicles, each with their own particular benefits and limitations. Combining polymers with lipids allows for further optimisation of the vesicle membranes for bionanotechnology applications. Here, POPC lipid is mixed with poly(1,2-butadiene-block-ethylene oxide) of two different molecular weights (PBd22-PEO14, Mr = 1800 g mol-1 and PBd12-PEO11, Mr = 1150 g mol-1) in order to investigate how increasing the polymer fraction affects membrane mixing, hydration and fluidity. Intensity contributions of fluorescently labelled lipid and polymer within mixed GUV membranes confirm membrane homogeneity within the hybrids. General polarisation measurements of Laurdan in GUVs showed little change in membrane hydration as polymer fraction is increased, which suggests good structural compatibility between lipids and polymers that gives rise to well-mixed vesicles. Membrane fluidity in hybrid GUVs was found to decrease non-linearly with increasing polymer fraction. However, the diffusion coefficients for the fluorescent polymer in hybrid membranes did not change significantly with increasing polymer content. While increasing the polymer fraction does reduce the movement of lipids through a polymer-rich matrix, insignificant difference in diffusion coefficients of the polymer suggests that its diffusion is minimally affected by increasing lipid composition in the range studied. These results lay further foundations for the wider development of hybrid vesicles with controlled properties for advanced biotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Seneviratne
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Rosa Catania
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Michael Rappolt
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Lars J C Jeuken
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Paul A Beales
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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13
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Fauquignon M, Ibarboure E, Le Meins JF. Hybrid polymer/lipid vesicles: Influence of polymer architecture and molar mass on line tension. Biophys J 2022; 121:61-67. [PMID: 34890579 PMCID: PMC8758416 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid polymer/lipid vesicles are self-assembled structures that have been the subject of an increasing number of studies in recent years. They are particularly promising tools in the development of cell membrane models because they offer the possibility to fine-tune their membrane structure by adjusting the distribution of components (presence or absence of "raft-like" lipid domains), which is of prime importance to control their membrane properties. Line tension in multiphase membranes is known to be a key parameter on membrane structuration, but remains unexplored, either experimentally or by computer modeling for hybrid polymer/lipid vesicles. In this study, we were able to measure the line tension on different budded hybrid vesicles, using a micropipette aspiration technique, and show the influence of the molar mass and the architecture of block copolymers on line tension and its consequences for membrane structuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Fauquignon
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Pessac, France
| | - Emmanuel Ibarboure
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Pessac, France
| | - Jean-François Le Meins
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Pessac, France,Corresponding author
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14
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Abstract
Hierarchic self-assembly underpins much of the form and function seen in synthetic or biological soft materials. Lipids are paramount examples, building themselves in nature or synthetically in a variety of meso/nanostructures. Synthetic block copolymers capture many of lipid's structural and functional properties. Lipids are typically biocompatible and high molecular weight polymers are mechanically robust and chemically versatile. The development of new materials for applications like controlled drug/gene/protein delivery, biosensors, and artificial cells often requires the combination of lipids and polymers. The emergent composite material, a "polymer-lipid hybrid membrane", displays synergistic properties not seen in pure components. Specific examples include the observation that hybrid membranes undergo lateral phase separation that can correlate in registry across multiple layers into a three-dimensional phase-separated system with enhanced permeability of encapsulated drugs. It is timely to underpin these emergent properties in several categories of hybrid systems ranging from colloidal suspensions to supported hybrid films. In this review, we discuss the form and function of a vast number of polymer-lipid hybrid systems published to date. We rationalize the results to raise new fundamental understanding of hybrid self-assembling soft materials as well as to enable the design of new supramolecular systems and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Kyung Go
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana─Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Cecilia Leal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana─Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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15
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Fauquignon M, Courtecuisse E, Josselin R, Mutschler A, Brûlet A, Schmutz M, Le Meins JF. Large hybrid Polymer/Lipid Unilamellar vesicle (LHUV) at the nanoscale: An insight into the lipid distribution in the membrane and permeability control. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 604:575-583. [PMID: 34280755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Membrane structuration of Large Hybrid Unilamellar Polymer/Lipid Vesicle (LHUV) is an important parameter on the optimization of their properties and thus their valuation in various fields. However, this kind of information is hardly accessible. In this work, we will focus on the development of LHUV obtained from the self-assembly of diblock poly(dimethylsiloxane)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PDMS-b-PEO) of different molar masses combined with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) at 15% and 25% w/w content. The hybrid character of the resulting vesicles as well as their membrane structure are characterized by the mean of different techniques such as small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). We show that hybrid vesicles with homogeneous membrane structure are obtained whatever the molar mass of the block copolymer (from 2500 to 4000 g/mol), with of a small number of tubular structures observed with the higher molar mass. We also demonstrate that the permeability of the LHUV, evaluated through controlled release experiments of fluorescein loaded in LHUV, is essentially controlled by the lipid/polymer composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Fauquignon
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France.
| | - Elise Courtecuisse
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France.
| | - Romane Josselin
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France.
| | - Angela Mutschler
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France.
| | - Annie Brûlet
- Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, UMR12 CEA-CNRS, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
| | - Marc Schmutz
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICS, UPR 22, 23 rue du Loess, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
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16
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Reimhult E, Virk MM. Hybrid lipopolymer vesicle drug delivery and release systems. J Biomed Res 2021; 35:301-309. [PMID: 34421006 PMCID: PMC8383167 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.35.20200206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid lipopolymer vesicles are membrane vesicles that can be self-assembled on both the micro- and nano-scale. On the nanoscale, they are potential novel smart materials for drug delivery systems that could combine the relative strengths of liposome and polymersome drug delivery systems without their respective weaknesses. However, little is known about their properties and how they could be tailored. Currently, most methods of investigation are limited to the microscale. Here we provide a brief review on hybrid vesicle systems with a specific focus on recent developments demonstrating that nanoscale hybrid vesicles have different properties from their macroscale counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Reimhult
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mudassar Mumtaz Virk
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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17
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Hamada N, Gakhar S, Longo ML. Hybrid lipid/block copolymer vesicles display broad phase coexistence region. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1863:183552. [PMID: 33444620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The fluidity and polar environment of ~100 nm hybrid vesicles combining dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and poly(1,2-butadiene)-block-polyethylene oxide (PBd-PEO, average molecular weight 950 g/mol) were studied upon vesicle heating using the fluorescence spectroscopy techniques of DPH anisotropy and laurdan generalized polarization (GP). These techniques indicated PBd-PEO membranes are less ordered than solid DPPC, but slightly more ordered than fluid DPPC or dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) membranes. We find the DPH anisotropy values are less than expected from additivity of the components' anisotropies in the fluid phase mixture of DPPC and PBd-PEO, inferring that DPPC strongly fluidizes the PBd-PEO. We use transitions in DPH anisotropy and laurdan GP to create a temperature/composition phase diagram for DPPC/PBd-PEO which we find displays a significantly broader solid/fluid phase coexistence region than DPPC/DOPC, showing that DPPC partitions less readily into fluid PBd-PEO than into fluid DOPC. The existence of a broad solid/fluid phase coexistence region in DPPC/PBd-PEO vesicles is verified by Förster resonance energy transfer results and the visualization of phase separation in giant unilamellar vesicles containing up to 95% PBd-PEO and a single phase in 100% PBd-PEO vesicles at room temperature. These results add to the limited knowledge of phase behavior and phase diagrams of hybrid vesicles, and should be useful in understanding and tailoring membrane surface architecture toward biomedical applications such as drug delivery or membrane protein reconstitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Hamada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Sukriti Gakhar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Marjorie L Longo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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18
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Fauquignon M, Ibarboure E, Le Meins JF. Membrane reinforcement in giant hybrid polymer lipid vesicles achieved by controlling the polymer architecture. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:83-89. [PMID: 33150346 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01581d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The physical properties of membranes of hybrid polymer lipid vesicles are so far relatively unknown. Since their discovery a decade ago, many studies have aimed to show their great potential in many fields of application, but so far, few systematic studies have been carried out to decipher the relationship between the molecular characteristics of the components (molar mass, chemical nature, and architecture of the copolymer), the membrane structure and its properties. In this work, we study the association of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and poly(dimethylsiloxane)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PDMS-b-PEO) diblock copolymers of different molar masses in giant hybrid vesicles and establish a complete phase diagram of the membrane structure. We also measured the mechanical properties of the giant hybrid unilamellar vesicle (GHUV) through micropipette aspiration at different lipid/polymer compositions. Thanks to a previous work using triblock PEO-b-PDMS-b-PEO copolymers, we were able to reveal the effect of the architecture of the block copolymer on membrane structure and properties. Besides, the association of diblock copolymers PDMS-b-PEO and POPC leads to the formation of hybrid vesicles with unprecedented membrane toughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Fauquignon
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600, Pessac, France.
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19
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Chang HY, Tsai HC, Sheng YJ, Tsao HK. Floating and Diving Loops of ABA Triblock Copolymers in Lipid Bilayers and Stability Enhancement for Asymmetric Membranes. Biomacromolecules 2020; 22:494-503. [PMID: 33356177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid membranes of lipids and AxByAz triblock copolymers can possess better biocompatibility and mechanical stability. In this work, triblock copolymer conformations and stability of asymmetric membranes are explored by dissipative particle dynamics. The triblock copolymers in the membranes exhibit either the bridge or loop conformation. As hydrophobic B-blocks interact attractively with lipid heads, bridge-shaped copolymers are significantly inhibited and loop-shaped copolymers prefer to stay at the interface between hydrophilic and hydrophobic layers. This floating loop has a flattened conformation, consistent with the experimental findings. In contrast, for repulsive interactions between B-blocks and lipid heads, bridge-shaped copolymers are abundant and loop-shaped copolymers tend to plunge into the hydrophobic layer. This diving loop displays a random coil conformation. The asymmetric membrane in which the fractions of loop-shaped copolymers in the upper and lower leaflets are different is thermodynamically unstable. Two approaches are proposed to acquire kinetically stable asymmetric membranes. First, membrane symmetrization is arrested by eliminating bridge-shaped copolymers, which is achieved by B-block/lipid head attraction and B-block/lipid tail repulsion. Second, asymmetric triblock copolymers (x ≠ z) are used to prevent the passage of the long A-block through the hydrophobic layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chi Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jane Sheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Kwong Tsao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli 320, Taiwan
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20
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Liu D, Sun H, Xiao Y, Chen S, Cornel EJ, Zhu Y, Du J. Design principles, synthesis and biomedical applications of polymer vesicles with inhomogeneous membranes. J Control Release 2020; 326:365-386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Liu Z, Zhou W, Qi C, Kong T. Interface Engineering in Multiphase Systems toward Synthetic Cells and Organelles: From Soft Matter Fundamentals to Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002932. [PMID: 32954548 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic cells have a major role in gaining insight into the complex biological processes of living cells; they also give rise to a range of emerging applications from gene delivery to enzymatic nanoreactors. Living cells rely on compartmentalization to orchestrate reaction networks for specialized and coordinated functions. Principally, the compartmentalization has been an essential engineering theme in constructing cell-mimicking systems. Here, efforts to engineer liquid-liquid interfaces of multiphase systems into membrane-bounded and membraneless compartments, which include lipid vesicles, polymer vesicles, colloidosomes, hybrids, and coacervate droplets, are summarized. Examples are provided of how these compartments are designed to imitate biological behaviors or machinery, including molecule trafficking, growth, fusion, energy conversion, intercellular communication, and adaptivity. Subsequently, the state-of-art applications of these cell-inspired synthetic compartments are discussed. Apart from being simplified and cell models for bridging the gap between nonliving matter and cellular life, synthetic compartments also are utilized as intracellular delivery vehicles for nuclei acids and nanoreactors for biochemical synthesis. Finally, key challenges and future directions for achieving the full potential of synthetic cells are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Cheng Qi
- College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Tiantian Kong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
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22
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Balestri A, Chiappisi L, Montis C, Micciulla S, Lonetti B, Berti D. Organized Hybrid Molecular Films from Natural Phospholipids and Synthetic Block Copolymers: A Physicochemical Investigation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:10941-10951. [PMID: 32852955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, hybrid lipid-copolymer assemblies have attracted increasing attention as possible two-dimensional (2D) membrane platforms, combining the biorelevance of the lipid building blocks with the stability and chemical tunability of copolymers. The relevance of these systems varies from fundamental studies on biological membrane-related phenomena to the construction of 2D complex devices for material science and biosensor technology. Both the fundamental understanding and the application of hybrid lipid-copolymer-supported bilayers require thorough physicochemical comprehension and structural control. Herein, we report a comprehensive physicochemical and structural characterization of hybrid monolayers at the air/water interface and of solid-supported hybrid membranes constituted by 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and the block copolymer poly(butadiene-b-ethyleneoxide) (PBD-b-PEO). Hybrid lipid-copolymer supported bilayers (HSLBs) with variable copolymer contents were prepared through spontaneous rupture and fusion of hybrid vesicles onto a hydrophilic substrate. The properties of the thin films and the parent vesicles were probed through dynamic light scattering (DLS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical ellipsometry, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). Stable, hybrid lipid/copolymer systems were obtained for a copolymer content of 10-65 mol %. In particular, DSC and CSLM show lateral phase separation in these hybrid systems. These results improve our fundamental understanding of HSLBs, which is necessary for future applications of hybrid systems as biomimetic membranes or as drug delivery systems, with additional properties with respect to phospholipid liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Balestri
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Institut Laue Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Costanza Montis
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Lonetti
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III- Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Debora Berti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Florence, Italy
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23
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Brodszkij E, Westensee IN, Bertelsen M, Gal N, Boesen T, Städler B. Polymer-Lipid Hybrid Vesicles and Their Interaction with HepG2 Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1906493. [PMID: 32468702 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-lipid hybrid vesicles are an emerging type of nano-assemblies that show potential as artificial organelles among others. Phospholipids and poly(cholesteryl methacrylate)-block-poly(methionine methacryloyloxyethyl ester (METMA)-random-2-carboxyethyl acrylate (CEA)) labeled with a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) reporter pair are used for the assembly of small and giant hybrid vesicles with homogenous distribution of both building blocks in the membrane as confirmed by the FRET effect. These hybrid vesicles have no inherent cytotoxicity when incubated with HepG2 cells up to 1.1 × 1011 hybrid vesicles per mL, and they are internalized by the cells. In contrast to the fluorescent signal originating from the block copolymer, the fluorescent signal coming from the lipids is barely detectable in cells incubated with hybrid vesicles for 6 h followed by 24 h in cell media, suggesting that the two building blocks have a different intracellular fate. These findings provide important insight into the design criteria of artificial organelles with potential structural integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edit Brodszkij
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Isabella N Westensee
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Mathias Bertelsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Noga Gal
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Thomas Boesen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Brigitte Städler
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
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24
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Rideau E, Wurm FR, Landfester K. Membrane Engineering: Phase Separation in Polymeric Giant Vesicles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1905230. [PMID: 32468728 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201905230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cell membranes exhibit elaborate lipidic patterning to carry out a myriad of functions such as signaling and trafficking. Domain formation in giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) is thus of interest for understanding fundamental biological processes and to provide new prospects for biocompatible soft materials. Lipid rearrangements in lipidic GUVs and lipid/polymer GUVs are extensively studied whereas polymer/polymer hybrid GUVs remain evasive. Here, the focus is on the thermodynamically driven phase separation of amphiphilic polymers in GUVs. It is demonstrated that polymer phase separation is entropically dictated by hydrophobic block incompatibilities and that films topology can help to determine the outcome of polymeric phase separation in GUVs. Lastly, Janus-GUVs are obtained and GUVs exhibit a single large domain by using a compatibilizing hydrophobic block copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Rideau
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
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25
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Masuda T, Hiraguchi Y, Kushiro K, Araki Y, Wada T, Takai M. Protein adsorption behavior in nanoscale phase-separated polymer coatings prepared using poly(2-methacrylolyoxyethyl phosphorylcholine)-containing amphiphilic block copolymers. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Taipaleenmäki E, Christensen G, Brodszkij E, Mouritzen SA, Gal N, Madsen S, Hedemann MS, Knudsen TA, Jensen HM, Christiansen SL, Sparsø FV, Städler B. Mucopenetrating polymer – Lipid hybrid nanovesicles as subunits in alginate beads as an oral formulation. J Control Release 2020; 322:470-485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Go YK, Kambar N, Leal C. Hybrid Unilamellar Vesicles of Phospholipids and Block Copolymers with Crystalline Domains. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1232. [PMID: 32485809 PMCID: PMC7362021 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipid (PL) membranes are ubiquitous in nature and their phase behavior has been extensively studied. Lipids assemble in a variety of structures and external stimuli can activate a quick switch between them. Amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs) can self-organize in analogous structures but are mechanically more robust and transformations are considerably slower. The combination of PL dynamical behavior with BCP chemical richness could lead to new materials for applications in bioinspired separation membranes and drug delivery. It is timely to underpin the phase behavior of these hybrid systems and a few recent studies have revealed that PL-BCP membranes display synergistic structural, phase-separation, and dynamical properties not seen in pure components. One example is phase-separation in the membrane plane, which seems to be strongly affected by the ability of the PL to form lamellar phases with ordered alkyl chains. In this paper we focus on a rather less explored design handle which is the crystalline properties of the BCP component. Using a combination of confocal laser scanning microscopy and X-ray scattering we show that hybrid membranes of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-b-PCL) display BCP-rich and PL-rich domains when the BCP comprises crystalline moieties. The packing of the hydrophilic part of the BCP (PEG) favors mixing of DPPC at the molecular level or into nanoscale domains while semi-crystalline and hydrophobic PCL moieties bolster microscopic domain formation in the hybrid membrane plane.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cecilia Leal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (Y.K.G.); (N.K.)
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28
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Khan AK, Ho JCS, Roy S, Liedberg B, Nallani M. Facile Mixing of Phospholipids Promotes Self-Assembly of Low-Molecular-Weight Biodegradable Block Co-Polymers into Functional Vesicular Architectures. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E979. [PMID: 32331448 PMCID: PMC7240622 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we have used low-molecular-weight (PEG12-b-PCL6, PEG12-b-PCL9 or PEG16-b-PLA38; MW, 1.25-3.45 kDa) biodegradable block co-polymers to construct nano- and micron-scaled hybrid (polymer/lipid) vesicles, by solvent dispersion and electroformation methods, respectively. The hybrid vesicles exhibit physical properties (size, bilayer thickness and small molecule encapsulation) of a vesicular boundary, confirmed by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, calcein leakage assay and dynamic light scattering. Importantly, we find that these low MW polymers, on their own, do not self-assemble into polymersomes at nano and micron scales. Using giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) model, their surface topographies are homogeneous, independent of cholesterol, suggesting more energetically favorable mixing of lipid and polymer. Despite this mixed topography with a bilayer thickness similar to that of a lipid bilayer, variation in surface topology is demonstrated using the interfacial sensitive phospholipase A2 (sPLA2). The biodegradable hybrid vesicles are less sensitive to the phospholipase digestion, reminiscent of PEGylated vesicles, and the degree of sensitivity is polymer-dependent, implying that the nano-scale surface topology can further be tuned by its chemical composition. Our results reveal and emphasize the role of phospholipids in promoting low MW polymers for spontaneous vesicular self-assembly, generating a functional hybrid lipid-polymer interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Khan
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore; (A.K.K.); (J.C.S.H.); (S.R.); (B.L.)
- ACM Biolabs Pte. Ltd., NTU Innovation Center, 71 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 638075, Singapore
| | - James C. S. Ho
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore; (A.K.K.); (J.C.S.H.); (S.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Susmita Roy
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore; (A.K.K.); (J.C.S.H.); (S.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Bo Liedberg
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore; (A.K.K.); (J.C.S.H.); (S.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Madhavan Nallani
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore; (A.K.K.); (J.C.S.H.); (S.R.); (B.L.)
- ACM Biolabs Pte. Ltd., NTU Innovation Center, 71 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 638075, Singapore
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29
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Seneviratne R, Jeuken LJC, Rappolt M, Beales PA. Hybrid Vesicle Stability under Sterilisation and Preservation Processes Used in the Manufacture of Medicinal Formulations. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040914. [PMID: 32326448 PMCID: PMC7240416 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sterilisation and preservation of vesicle formulations are important considerations for their viable manufacture for industry applications, particular those intended for medicinal use. Here, we undertake an initial investigation of the stability of hybrid lipid-block copolymer vesicles to common sterilisation and preservation processes, with particular interest in how the block copolymer component might tune vesicle stability. We investigate two sizes of polybutadiene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) polymers (PBd12-PEO11 and PBd22-PEO14) mixed with the phospholipid 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) considering the encapsulation stability of a fluorescent cargo and the colloidal stability of vesicle size distributions. We find that autoclaving and lyophilisation cause complete loss of encapsulation stability under the conditions studied here. Filtering through 200 nm pores appears to be viable for sterilisation for all vesicle compositions with comparatively low release of encapsulated cargo, even for vesicle size distributions which extend beyond the 200 nm filter pore size. Freeze-thaw of vesicles also shows promise for the preservation of hybrid vesicles with high block copolymer content. We discuss the process stability of hybrid vesicles in terms of the complex mechanical interplay between bending resistance, stretching elasticity and lysis strain of these membranes and propose strategies for future work to further enhance the process stability of these vesicle formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Seneviratne
- School of Chemistry, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Lars J. C. Jeuken
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Michael Rappolt
- School of Food Science and Nutrition and Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Paul A. Beales
- School of Chemistry, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
- Correspondence:
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30
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Miele Y, Mingotaud AF, Caruso E, Malacarne MC, Izzo L, Lonetti B, Rossi F. Hybrid giant lipid vesicles incorporating a PMMA-based copolymer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1865:129611. [PMID: 32272202 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the formation of copolymer-lipid hybrid self-assemblies, which allow combining and improving the main features of pure lipid-based and copolymer-based systems known for their potential applications in the biomedical field. As the most common method used to obtain giant vesicles is electroformation, most systems so far used low Tg polymers for their flexibility at room temperature. METHODS Copolymers used in the hybrid vesicles have been synthesized by a modified version of the ATRP, namely the Activators ReGenerated by Electron Transfer ATRP and characterized by NMR and DSC. Giant hybrid vesicles have been obtained using electroformation and droplet transfer method. Confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to image the vesicles. RESULTS Electroformation enabled to obtain hybrid vesicles in a narrow range of compositions (15 mol% was the maximum copolymer content). This range could be extended by the use of a droplet transfer method, which enabled obtaining hybrid vesicles incorporating a methacrylate-based polymer in a wide range of compositions. Proof of the hybrid composition was obtained by fluorescence microscopy using labeled lipids and copolymers. CONCLUSIONS This work describes for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the formation of giant hybrid polymer/lipid vesicles formed with such a content of a polymethylmethacrylate copolymer, the glass temperature of which is above room temperature. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This work shows that polymer structures, more complex than the ones mostly employed, can be possibly included in giant hybrid vesicles by using the droplet transfer method. This will give easier access to functionalized and stimuli-responsive giant vesicles and to systems exhibiting a tunable permeability, these systems being relevant for biological and technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Miele
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Anne-Françoise Mingotaud
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 118 Rte de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Enrico Caruso
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant, 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Miryam C Malacarne
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant, 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Lorella Izzo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant, 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Barbara Lonetti
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 118 Rte de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - Federico Rossi
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Physical Sciences - DEEP Sciences - Pian dei Mantellini 44, 53100 Siena, Italy
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31
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Hammons JA, Ingólfsson HI, Lee JRI, Carpenter TS, Sanborn J, Tunuguntla R, Yao YC, Weiss TM, Noy A, Van Buuren T. Decoupling copolymer, lipid and carbon nanotube interactions in hybrid, biomimetic vesicles. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:6545-6555. [PMID: 32159198 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09973e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bilayer vesicles that mimic a real biological cell can be tailored to carry out a specific function by manipulating the molecular composition of the amphiphiles. These bio-inspired and bio-mimetic structures are increasingly being employed for a number of applications from drug delivery to water purification and beyond. Complex hybrid bilayers are the key building blocks for fully synthetic vesicles that can mimic biological cell membranes, which often contain a wide variety of molecular species. While the assembly and morpholgy of pure phospholid bilayer vesicles is well understood, the functionality and structure dramaticlly changes when copolymer and/or carbon nanotube porins (CNTP) are added. The aim of this study is to understand how the collective molecular interactions within hybrid vesicles affect their nanoscale structure and properties. In situ small and wide angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) and molecular dynamics simulations (MD) are used to investigate the morphological effect of molecular interactions between polybutadiene polyethylene oxide, lipids and carbon nanotubes (CNT) within the hybrid vesicle bilayer. Within the lipid/copolymer system, the hybrid bilayer morphology transitions from phase separated lipid and compressed copolymer at low copolymer loadings to a mixed bilayer where opposing lipids are mostly separated from the inner region. This transition begins between 60 wt% and 70 wt%, with full homogenization observed by 80 wt% copolymer. The incorporation of CNT into the hybrid vesicles increases the bilayer thickness and enhances the bilayer symmetry. Analysis of the WAXS and MD indicate that the CNT-dioleoyl interactions are much stronger than the CNT-polybutadiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Hammons
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA.
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32
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Tsai HC, Yang YL, Sheng YJ, Tsao HK. Formation of Asymmetric and Symmetric Hybrid Membranes of Lipids and Triblock Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030639. [PMID: 32168935 PMCID: PMC7183320 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid membranes formed by co-assembly of AxByAx (hydrophilic-hydrophobic-hydrophilic) triblock copolymers into lipid bilayers are investigated by dissipative particle dynamics. Homogeneous hybrid membranes are developed as lipids and polymers are fully compatible. The polymer conformations can be simply classified into bridge- and loop-structures in the membranes. It is interesting to find that the long-time fraction of loop-conformation (fL) of copolymers in the membrane depends significantly on the hydrophilic block length (x). As x is small, an equilibrium fL* always results irrespective of the initial conformation distribution and its value depends on the hydrophobic block length (y). For large x, fL tends to be time-invariant because polymers are kinetically trapped in their initial structures. Our findings reveal that only symmetric hybrid membranes are formed for small x, while membranes with stable asymmetric leaflets can be constructed with large x. The effects of block lengths on the polymer conformations, such as transverse and lateral spans (d⊥ and d‖) of bridge- and loop-conformations, are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chi Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ling Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jane Sheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.S.); (H.-K.T.)
| | - Heng-Kwong Tsao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli 320, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.S.); (H.-K.T.)
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33
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Meyer CE, Abram SL, Craciun I, Palivan CG. Biomolecule–polymer hybrid compartments: combining the best of both worlds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:11197-11218. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in bio/polymer hybrid compartments in the quest to obtain artificial cells, biosensors and catalytic compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ioana Craciun
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- Basel
- Switzerland
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34
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Peruzzi JA, Jacobs ML, Vu TQ, Wang KS, Kamat NP. Barcoding Biological Reactions with DNA-Functionalized Vesicles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18683-18690. [PMID: 31596992 PMCID: PMC6901749 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Targeted vesicle fusion is a promising approach to selectively control interactions between vesicle compartments and would enable the initiation of biological reactions in complex aqueous environments. Here, we explore how two features of vesicle membranes, DNA tethers and phase-segregated membranes, promote fusion between specific vesicle populations. Membrane phase-segregation provides an energetic driver for membrane fusion that increases the efficiency of DNA-mediated fusion events. The orthogonality provided by DNA tethers allows us to direct fusion and delivery of DNA cargo to specific vesicle populations. Vesicle fusion between DNA-tethered vesicles can be used to initiate in vitro protein expression to produce model soluble and membrane proteins. Engineering orthogonal fusion events between DNA-tethered vesicles provides a new strategy to control the spatiotemporal dynamics of cell-free reactions, expanding opportunities to engineer artificial cellular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Peruzzi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, USA
| | - Miranda L Jacobs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Il, 60208, USA
| | - Timothy Q Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Il, 60208, USA
| | - Kenneth S Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Il, 60208, USA
| | - Neha P Kamat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Il, 60208, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, USA
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35
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Fauquignon M, Ibarboure E, Carlotti S, Brûlet A, Schmutz M, Le Meins JF. Large and Giant Unilamellar Vesicle(s) Obtained by Self-Assembly of Poly(dimethylsiloxane)- b-poly(ethylene oxide) Diblock Copolymers, Membrane Properties and Preliminary Investigation of their Ability to Form Hybrid Polymer/Lipid Vesicles. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E2013. [PMID: 31817266 PMCID: PMC6960648 DOI: 10.3390/polym11122013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the emerging field of hybrid polymer/lipid vesicles, relatively few copolymers have been evaluated regarding their ability to form these structures and the resulting membrane properties have been scarcely studied. Here, we present the synthesis and self-assembly in solution of poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymers (PDMS-b-PEO). A library of different PDMS-b-PEO diblock copolymers was synthesized using ring-opening polymerization of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3) and further coupling with PEO chains via click chemistry. Self-assembly of the copolymers in water was studied using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Static Light Scattering (SLS), Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS), and Cryo-Transmission Electron Microscopy (Cryo-TEM). Giant polymersomes obtained by electroformation present high toughness compared to those obtained from triblock copolymer in previous studies, for similar membrane thickness. Interestingly, these copolymers can be associated to phospholipids to form Giant Hybrid Unilamellar Vesicles (GHUV); preliminary investigations of their mechanical properties show that tough hybrid vesicles can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Fauquignon
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France; (M.F.); (E.I.); (S.C.)
| | - Emmanuel Ibarboure
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France; (M.F.); (E.I.); (S.C.)
| | - Stéphane Carlotti
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France; (M.F.); (E.I.); (S.C.)
| | - Annie Brûlet
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, UMR12 CEA-CNRS, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France;
| | - Marc Schmutz
- Institut Charles Sadron, UPR 22 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Jean-François Le Meins
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France; (M.F.); (E.I.); (S.C.)
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36
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Peruzzi JA, Jacobs ML, Vu TQ, Wang KS, Kamat NP. Barcoding Biological Reactions with DNA‐Functionalized Vesicles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin A. Peruzzi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Northwestern University USA
| | - Miranda L. Jacobs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Il 60208 USA
| | - Timothy Q. Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Il 60208 USA
| | - Kenneth S. Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Il 60208 USA
| | - Neha P. Kamat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Il 60208 USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology Northwestern University USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Northwestern University USA
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37
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Ziemba AM, Lane KP, Balouch B, D'Amato AR, Totsingan F, Gross RA, Gilbert RJ. Lactonic Sophorolipid Increases Surface Wettability of Poly-l-lactic Acid Electrospun Fibers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:3153-3158. [PMID: 35030759 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The hydrophobicity of electrospun poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) fibers hinders their integration with surrounding tissue for a variety of applications. In this study, we increased PLLA fiber hydrophilicity by incorporating the natural surfactant, lactonic sophorolipid (LSL). PLLA+LSL fibers had similar fiber morphology but significantly greater surface wettability, which suggested LSL accumulation on the fiber surface. Differential scanning calorimetry results also suggested that LSL was phase separated from PLLA. Despite the altered surface wettability of these fibers, there was no change in fibroblast adhesion. Future studies may explore the use of this natural surfactant to deliver bioactive factors to enhance fibroblast adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis M Ziemba
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 Fifteenth Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Keith P Lane
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 Fifteenth Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Bailey Balouch
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 Fifteenth Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Anthony R D'Amato
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 Fifteenth Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | | | - Richard A Gross
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 Fifteenth Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Ryan J Gilbert
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 Fifteenth Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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38
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Yang YL, Sheng YJ, Tsao HK. Hybridization of lipids to monolayer and bilayer membranes of triblock copolymers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 544:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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39
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Rideau E, Wurm FR, Landfester K. Self‐Assembly of Giant Unilamellar Vesicles by Film Hydration Methodologies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e1800324. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Rideau
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
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40
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Hu SW, Huang CY, Tsao HK, Sheng YJ. Hybrid membranes of lipids and diblock copolymers: From homogeneity to rafts to phase separation. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:012403. [PMID: 30780280 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.012403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid lipid-polymer vesicles can integrate benefits of liposomes and polymersomes. In this work, the phase behavior of hybrid membranes containing lipids and diblock copolymers is explored by dissipative particle dynamics simulations. The influences of lipid unsaturation and thickness mismatch between lipids and polymers are considered. The transition from the mixing state (homogeneous distribution) to the demixing state (formation of bilayered lipid-rich domains) is always observed as the lipid concentration (φ_{l}) exceeds a critical value, which increases with the degree of unsaturation. It is found that phase separation is driven by weak energy incompatibility between the hydrophobic segments of lipids and polymers. When the effect of thickness mismatch becomes significant, the occurrence of the demixing state is retarded, and monolayer lipid rafts emerge before phase separation. Lipid fluidity associated with the physical state of a hybrid membrane can be characterized by lateral lipid diffusivity (D_{l}). In the polymer-rich membrane, D_{l} is higher in the mixing state, but decreases generally with φ_{l} due to lipid-lipid interactions and interdigitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ssu-Wei Hu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan 320, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yen Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Heng-Kwong Tsao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan 320, Republic of China
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan 320, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jane Sheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
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41
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Six JL, Ferji K. Polymerization induced self-assembly: an opportunity toward the self-assembly of polysaccharide-containing copolymers into high-order morphologies. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01295d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of polysaccharide-containing amphiphilic copolymers: polymerization induced self-assembly versus traditional techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Six
- Université de Lorraine
- CNRS, LCPM
- F-5400 Nancy
- France
| | - Khalid Ferji
- Université de Lorraine
- CNRS, LCPM
- F-5400 Nancy
- France
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42
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Bioactive cell-like hybrids from dendrimersomes with a human cell membrane and its components. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 116:744-752. [PMID: 30591566 PMCID: PMC6338876 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1811307116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-like hybrids from natural and synthetic amphiphiles provide a platform to engineer functions of synthetic cells and protocells. Cell membranes and vesicles prepared from human cell membranes are relatively unstable in vitro and therefore are difficult to study. The thicknesses of biological membranes and vesicles self-assembled from amphiphilic Janus dendrimers, known as dendrimersomes, are comparable. This feature facilitated the coassembly of functional cell-like hybrid vesicles from giant dendrimersomes and bacterial membrane vesicles generated from the very stable bacterial Escherichia coli cell after enzymatic degradation of its outer membrane. Human cells are fragile and require only mild centrifugation to be dismantled and subsequently reconstituted into vesicles. Here we report the coassembly of human membrane vesicles with dendrimersomes. The resulting giant hybrid vesicles containing human cell membranes, their components, and Janus dendrimers are stable for at least 1 y. To demonstrate the utility of cell-like hybrid vesicles, hybrids from dendrimersomes and bacterial membrane vesicles containing YadA, a bacterial adhesin protein, were prepared. The latter cell-like hybrids were recognized by human cells, allowing for adhesion and entry of the hybrid bacterial vesicles into human cells in vitro.
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43
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Dao TPT, Fernandes F, Fauquignon M, Ibarboure E, Prieto M, Le Meins JF. The combination of block copolymers and phospholipids to form giant hybrid unilamellar vesicles (GHUVs) does not systematically lead to "intermediate" membrane properties. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:6476-6484. [PMID: 30043790 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00547h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the elasticity under stretching as well as the fluidity of Giant Hybrid Unilamellar Vesicles (GHUV) has been studied. The membrane structuration of these GHUVs has already been studied at the micro and nanoscale in a previous study of the team. These GHUVs were obtained by the association of a fluid phospholipid (POPC) and a triblock copolymer, poly(ethyleneoxide)-b-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-b-poly(ethyleneoxide). Although the architecture of triblock copolymers can facilitate vesicle formation, they have been scarcely used to generate GHUVs. We show, through micropipette aspiration and FRAP experiments, that the incorporation of a low amount of lipids in the polymer membrane leads to a significant loss of the toughness of the vesicle and subtle modification of the lateral diffusion of polymer chains. We discuss the results within the framework of the conformation of the triblock copolymer chain in the membrane and in the presence of lipid nanodomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P T Dao
- University of Bordeaux, LCPO UMR 5629, 16 Avenue Pey Berland, F-33600 Pessac, France.
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44
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Magnani C, Montis C, Mangiapia G, Mingotaud AF, Mingotaud C, Roux C, Joseph P, Berti D, Lonetti B. Hybrid vesicles from lipids and block copolymers: Phase behavior from the micro- to the nano-scale. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 168:18-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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45
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Zong W, Thingholm B, Itel F, Schattling PS, Brodszkij E, Mayer D, Stenger S, Goldie KN, Han X, Städler B. Phospholipid-Block Copolymer Hybrid Vesicles with Lysosomal Escape Ability. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:6874-6886. [PMID: 29776311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The success of nanoparticulate formulations in drug delivery depends on various aspects including their toxicity, internalization, and intracellular location. Vesicular assemblies consisting of phospholipids and amphiphilic block copolymers are an emerging platform, which combines the benefits from liposomes and polymersomes while overcoming their challenges. We report the synthesis of poly(cholesteryl methacrylate)- block-poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (pCMA- b-pDMAEMA) block copolymers and their assembly with phospholipids into hybrid vesicles. Their geometry, their ζ-potential, and their ability to adsorb onto polymer-coated surfaces were assessed. Giant unilamellar vesicles were employed to confirm the presence of both the phospholipids and the block copolymer in the same membrane. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of selected hybrid vesicles was determined in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages, primary rat Kupffer cells, and human macrophages. The internalization and lysosomal escape ability of the hybrid vesicles were confirmed using RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. Taken together, our findings illustrate that the reported hybrid vesicles are a promising complementary drug delivery platform for existing liposomes and polymersomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , 92 West Da-Zhi Street , Harbin 150001 , China
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Bo Thingholm
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Fabian Itel
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Philipp S Schattling
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Edit Brodszkij
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Daniel Mayer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Infection Control , University Hospital Ulm , 89021 Ulm , Germany
| | - Steffen Stenger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Infection Control , University Hospital Ulm , 89021 Ulm , Germany
| | - Kenneth N Goldie
- Center for Cellular Imaging & Nano Analytics, Biozentrum , University of Basel , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Xiaojun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , 92 West Da-Zhi Street , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Brigitte Städler
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
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Peyret A, Zhao H, Lecommandoux S. Preparation and Properties of Asymmetric Synthetic Membranes Based on Lipid and Polymer Self-Assembly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:3376-3385. [PMID: 29486556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell membrane asymmetry is a common structural feature of all biological cells. Researchers have tried for decades to better study its formation and its function in membrane-regulated phenomena. In particular, there has been increasing interest in developing synthetic asymmetric membrane models in the laboratory, with the aim of studying basic physical chemistry properties that may be correlated to a relevant biological function. The present article aims to summarize the main presented approaches to prepare asymmetric membranes, which are most often made from lipids, polymers, or a combination of both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Peyret
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, LCPO, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5629 , 16 Avenue Pey Berland F-33600 Pessac , France
| | - Hang Zhao
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, LCPO, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5629 , 16 Avenue Pey Berland F-33600 Pessac , France
| | - Sébastien Lecommandoux
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, LCPO, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5629 , 16 Avenue Pey Berland F-33600 Pessac , France
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Shigematsu T, Koshiyama K, Wada S. Stretch-Induced Interdigitation of a Phospholipid/Cholesterol Bilayer. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:2556-2563. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b10633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Shigematsu
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Koshiyama
- Department of Mechanical Science & Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shigeo Wada
- Department of Mechanical Science & Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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48
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Mumtaz Virk M, Reimhult E. Phospholipase A 2-Induced Degradation and Release from Lipid-Containing Polymersomes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:395-405. [PMID: 29231739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid vesicles, comprising blends of amphiphilic block copolymers and phospholipids, have attracted significant attention recently because of their unique combination of chemical and physical properties. We report a method to make unilamellar hybrid vesicles with diameters of 100 nm by mixing polybutadiene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) and phosphocholine lipids using a combination of solvent inversion and sonication. We show that homogeneous hybrid vesicles are formed when one component is a minor fraction. At compositions with balanced mass fractions, separate populations of similarly sized pure liposomes and hybrid vesicles are indicated. We investigate the release kinetics of calcein encapsulated in the lumen as hybrid large and giant unilamellar vesicles (LUVs and GUVs) of different compositions are exposed to phospholipase A2 (PLA2). PLA2 hydrolyzes lipids, which leads to dissolution of lipid domains and provides a trigger for the release of calcein as pores are formed. We demonstrate that depending on the polymer mole fraction, block copolymers can either protect or boost the rate of lipid degradation and thereby the release rate from nanoscale hybrid vesicles. Strong indications of lipid phase separation into nanoscale domains in LUVs are observed. Most importantly, hybrid GUV with lipids in the fluid phase release calcein slowly as lipids in the liquid-disordered phase do not phase-separate, but they show the fastest release of all blends as LUVs. This indicates phase separation on the nanoscale in contrast to on the microscale, but it also indicates retained high mobility of lipids between the nanoscale domains, which is absent for lipids in the gel phase. Our results demonstrate several ways in which nanoscale hybrid vesicles can and should be optimized for PLA2-triggered release of water-soluble compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudassar Mumtaz Virk
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna , Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erik Reimhult
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna , Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Kang M, Tuteja M, Centrone A, Topgaard D, Leal C. Nanostructured Lipid-based Films for Substrate Mediated Applications in Biotechnology. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2018; 28:10.1002/adfm.201704356. [PMID: 31080383 PMCID: PMC6508631 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201704356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic in nature, lipids spontaneously self-assemble into a range of nanostructures in the presence of water. Among lipid self-assembled structures, liposomes and supported lipid bilayers have long held scientific interest for their main applications in drug delivery and plasma membrane models, respectively. In contrast, lipid-based multi-layered membranes on solid supports only recently begun drawing scientists' attention. New studies on lipid films show that the stacking of multiple bilayers on a solid support yields interestingly complex features to these systems. Namely, multiple layers exhibit cooperative structural and dynamic behavior. In addition, the materials enable compartmentalization, templating, and enhanced release of several molecules of interest. Importantly, supported lipid phases exhibit long-range periodic nano-scale order and orientation that is tunable in response to a changing environment. Herein, we summarize current and pertinent understanding of lipid-based film research focusing on how unique structural characteristics enable the emergence of new applications in biotechnology including label-free biosensors, macroscale drug delivery, and substrate-mediated gene delivery. Our very recent contributions to lipid-based films, focusing on the structural characterization at the meso, nano, and molecular-scale, using Small-Angle X-ray Scattering, Atomic Force Microscopy, Photothermal Induced Resonance, and Solid-State NMR will be also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjee Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mohit Tuteja
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
- Maryland Nanocenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Andrea Centrone
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Daniel Topgaard
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Leal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Peyret A, Ibarboure E, Le Meins J, Lecommandoux S. Asymmetric Hybrid Polymer-Lipid Giant Vesicles as Cell Membrane Mimics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700453. [PMID: 29375971 PMCID: PMC5770682 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Lipid membrane asymmetry plays an important role in cell function and activity, being for instance a relevant signal of its integrity. The development of artificial asymmetric membranes thus represents a key challenge. In this context, an emulsion-centrifugation method is developed to prepare giant vesicles with an asymmetric membrane composed of an inner monolayer of poly(butadiene)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PBut-b-PEO) and outer monolayer of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC). The formation of a complete membrane asymmetry is demonstrated and its stability with time is followed by measuring lipid transverse diffusion. From fluorescence spectroscopy measurements, the lipid half-life is estimated to be 7.5 h. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching technique, the diffusion coefficient of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(lissamine rhodamine B sulfonyl) (DOPE-rhod, inserted into the POPC leaflet) is determined to be about D = 1.8 ± 0.50 μm2 s-1 at 25 °C and D = 2.3 ± 0.7 μm2 s-1 at 37 °C, between the characteristic values of pure POPC and pure polymer giant vesicles and in good agreement with the diffusion of lipids in a variety of biological membranes. These results demonstrate the ability to prepare a cell-like model system that displays an asymmetric membrane with transverse and translational diffusion properties similar to that of biological cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Peyret
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères OrganiquesLCPOUniversité de BordeauxCNRSBordeaux INPUMR 562916 Avenue Pey BerlandF‐33600PessacFrance
| | - Emmanuel Ibarboure
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères OrganiquesLCPOUniversité de BordeauxCNRSBordeaux INPUMR 562916 Avenue Pey BerlandF‐33600PessacFrance
| | - Jean‐François Le Meins
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères OrganiquesLCPOUniversité de BordeauxCNRSBordeaux INPUMR 562916 Avenue Pey BerlandF‐33600PessacFrance
| | - Sebastien Lecommandoux
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères OrganiquesLCPOUniversité de BordeauxCNRSBordeaux INPUMR 562916 Avenue Pey BerlandF‐33600PessacFrance
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